 by raphe slit has previously been termed a pseudoraphe.
In the system of binomial nomenclature, cf. is similarly used to indicate that the species needs to be seen in context of its comparison to another, but by definition is not confirmed as the same.
All elements of the girdle region.
Thickened bands or ribs. May be oriented apically or transapically.
Distal raphe ends.
External terminus of raphe at poles/ends.
All girdle elements associated with epivalve.
Larger (and thus older) of two valves of a frustule.
Series or groups of rows of areolae, oriented radially in centric diatoms.
Struts along canal raphe, extending transapically from valve face to valve mantle (in Denticula fibulae may extend entirely across valve face). Densities of these, termed keel puncta in the older literature, are used to help identify taxa.
The valves and their associated cingulum elements.
Older terminology for elements of the cingulum.
Girdle elements associated with hypovalve.
Smaller ( and thus newer) of two valves of a frustule.
Puncta set off from others in a striae.
Raphe system elevated above the valve.
A tube through the valve (on the face or mantle) with internally thickened sides (giving the appearance of lips, hence the name) that may be flat or elevated.
Older term used for the chambers/components associated with the girdle bands in Mastogloia. See partecta.
Lines running along apical axis, on either side of axial area.
Group of areolae or porelli that are physically separated from areolae by unornamented rim.
Chambers associated with girdle band in Mastogloia.
Small, closely packed perforations through valve. Perforations in ocelli, pseudocelli and apical pore fields are often referred to by this term.
Proximal raphe ends.
Group of areolae set off from the pattern of the rest of the valve, that decreases in size from areolae on the main part of the valve. Not physically separated from areolae by unornamented band or ring.
Differentiated area/structure on the valve whose form is variable. Essentially an area that may resemble an ocellus or pseudocellus, but is structurally different from them. Found only in Actinocyclus in freshwater diatoms.
Plate or lamina of silica projecting internally from apical portion of valve mantle.
General term for pore/perforation through valve when substructure (i.e. sieve membrane) is unknown or lacking.
Slit through valve along apical axis. Composed of (usually) two branches per valve.
Continuous slit from proximal end to distal end.
Internally projecting plate on girdle band.
Elongate, external hollow tube/projection.
Conical or forked solid external projection.
Central nodule (more heavily silicified) expanded to valve mantle.
Perforation through valve face whose external opening is rounded (or nearly so) and whose internal opening is slit-like or highly modified.
Perforation through valve face whose external opening is similar to puncta of the valve and whose internal opening is slightly modified from the other puncta.
Rows of puncta/areolae, usually oriented along transapical axis, separated by unornamented ribs.
Terminal nodules. Older term used for internal distal raphe ends (helictoglossae), visible with the light microscope. Used when exact nature of internal distal raphe ends is unknown.
Siliceous part of the frustule containing most of the morphological features used to describe diatoms (taxonmically, morphologically, etc.). Each valve has two surfaces, the face and the mantle.
Portion of the valve apparent in valve view (oriented to the valvar plane.
Complex type of keel where two sides of valve have fused (or are partially lacking) below raphe.After analyzing the book Lord of the Flies, you start to recognize the theme. All the characters start out trying to survive and they start a civilization. A character named Jack starts to become less civilized and becomes more savage like. Which then starts a huge conflict and ends up with many dying. So we can see the main theme is Civilization vs Savagery.
One of the main character of the story is Ralph, and Ralph is the overall leader of the kids on this island in the middle of the open blue. His friend Jack didn’t like the idea of him being the leader and thought that he should be the leader. Jack ended up being a hunter and went looking for the “beast”. While Jack hunts and has this prideful attitude, he starts thinking less civilized and mire as a savage.
The main theme of the book Lord of the Flies is Civilization vs Savagery because the kids on this remote island changed into savages do to the lack of parent supervision and the constant fighting and killing.
Jacaranda Residence is located on the equestrian smallholdings outside Johannesburg.
The brief called for a complete renovation of the late ’70s existing farmhouse, and a few new spaces added on. The concept grew from the context and was conceived from a contemporary-style farmhouse.
Materials were kept natural to allow the architecture to be contextual, also still relatable. Strong stone walls were introduced to provide horizontality to the house which anchors it to the site.
The existing house was opened on the interior as much as possible, to better the flow and to allow for a more contemporary, open plan lifestyle.
The roofs, which will be completely new, were designed as lightweight steel elements which wrap down on the sides, allowing screening in required areas.
A new equestrian stable building and indoor dressage arena were also commissioned, which are located towards the back of the property. The design of the stables relates to the house with the same materiality and form-giving. The stables are linked to the indoor arena structure to allow for direct access when riding.Buninyong hostage situation in 2021; Troy Barnes fronts court
Troy Barnes.
A Ballarat man has faced court over a terrifying hostage situation in Buninyong in 2021 with the court hearing drug psychosis was a likely factor in the offending.
Troy Barnes, 30, appeared at the Ballarat County Court on October 21, and pleaded guilty to a raft of charges including four counts of common law assault, ten counts of property damage, kidnapping and using a firearm in a public place.
The court was told Barnes, who was 29 at the time of offending, was observed driving erratically through central Ballarat on the night of August 16, 2021.
At around 9pm, Barnes, in the company of a woman, drove his Ford Falcon into incoming lanes of traffic, turned off his headlights, and pointed a loaded rifle at other cars through the car window.
The car became bogged on a nature strip in Buninyong, after which Barnes fled, and took the passenger - grabbing her by the hair and clothes and taking her as a "human shield".
The court heard at around 1.50am on August 17, 2021, members of the public heard Barnes shoot the rifle into bushes on Learmonth Street.
Police arrived soon after an approached Barnes with guns drawn on the corner of Learmonth and Cornish streets.
Barnes, with hostage in tow, left down the Midland Highway on foot.
The court heard Barnes tell the victim, "you are going to die here with this gun, I have one bullet left and it is for you".
Barnes was observed dragging the victim around central Buninyong, smashing various shop windows and causing a total of $6400 in property damage.
At 3.33am the pair arrived at a residence on Warrenheip Street, whose occupant came outside to investigate noise from the street.
In CCTV footage shown to the court room, Barnes was seen pointing a rifle at the Buninyong resident, struggling with the woman he had taken hostage, and eventually letting her go before leaving the area.
The woman was then seen running into the Warrenheip Street residence away from Barnes.
Police's Critical Incident Response team arrived at around 4.10am, and located Barnes in bushes behind Geelong Road at around 6.40am, where he was arrested.
After searching his car, police found an amount of methylamphetamine and cannabis.
On August 18 police searched Barnes' Ballarat residence and found 36 shotgun shells underneath a bath tub, and 20 rifle bullets in a hole in the wall.
Barnes appeared at court in custody, having served 429 days in remand.
His defence counsel, Barrister Thomas Crouch, tendered two psychological reports, from 2017 and 2022 respectively, told the judge about Barnes' history of drug abuse.
Mr Crouch argued Barnes' chances of rehabilitation would be higher if he were able to abstain from drug use, as he has during the length of his time in prison.
"It is quite plain in reading the prosecution's summary that he was not someone acting in the right state of mind," Mr Crouch said.
"Drug-induced psychosis could be likely here."
Judge Michael Bourke said drug intoxication would have to be taken into account during sentencing, as did the impact Barnes' offending had on the wider Buninyong community.
"The picture is blurred because of his drug intoxication. But it has its limitations," Mr Bourke said.
"I have to take all of those things into account,