 ρ 300K /ρ 4.2K =1.05), we obtain an ¡R g ¿≈0.9 for this film. In order to better understand the dependence of ¡R g ¿ on the grain connectivity, which is reflected in the field build up, we repeated the STM/STP experiments on a platinum film which was grown on a rougher surface but with similar thickness and average nanostructural parameters (< D >≈12.35 nm and an r.m.s roughness of 1.7nm). The film had a ρ 4.2K ≈160µΩcm and ρ 300K /ρ 4.2K =1.22, resulting in a ¡R g ¿≈0.97. This shows that the grains are not as well connected as in the previous film. In this film, although the STP and the field patterns are qualitatively similar to the previous film, for the same macroscopic field, the magnitude of the field at the defects (GB, TP and V) are an order of magnitude larger. This clearly indicates that the field build up, for a particular kind of defect, strongly depends on the grain connectivity.
This study has brought out a number of important observations. The quiver plots conclusively prove that the field across the film is not uniform and it is severely altered at the scatterers. Further, the field tends to concentrate at the scatterer and it is very low in the interior of the grain. The magnitude of the field, for a given scatterer, depends on the grain connectivity. Among the different kinds of scatterers, the field is highest at a void. The mapping out of the potential and field at the different scattering sites is an important result as this has significant implications on our understanding of EM phenomena in an interconnect. It identifies regions of excessive field build up, which are the likely "weak spots" where an EM failure can originate. Previous studies on thin films have shown that during EM, vacancies migrate predominantly along GBs and accumulate at GBTPs due to vacancy flux divergence 12,13. These vacancies coalesce into a void, which then becomes the most likely spot for an EM failure to occur, when it reaches a critical size. Our STP study supports this observation. If the grain connectivity is poor, the local field at a triple point may even be three orders of magnitude higher than the average macroscopic value. Such a high field can result in a void formation, which has a higher field build up and hence has the greatest probability for EM induced film failure.
In conclusion, we have established a procedure for identifying the hot spots for a field induced EM failure. Our study shows that wide line metal interconnects should have well connected grains with a minimum number of triple points and voids for reliable long term performance.
We wish to thank Prof. N. Chandrasekhar for allowing us the use of his e-beam facility and K. Das Gupta for depositing the films. (2) FIG. 2. The field distributions and line profiles at various types of scatterers, calculated from the STP image, obtained in the regions marked by rectangles and short lines respectively in Fig. 1(a). (a) and (b) Field and profile at a GB, (c) and (d) at a TP and (e) and (f) at a V. It is seen that the field is maximum at a void, followed by a TP and a GB and it is very low in the interior of the grain.This method takes time to take effect, if at all. One minute between rounds wouldn't make much difference. Similar to my thoughts on sticking your head into a bucket of ice, or putting an ice pack onto the face instead of top of the head. Sticking your head into a bucket of ice water and holding your breath slows the heartbeat down significantly, which is proven, but how much inside of a minute is negligible.

USADA approved inhalers between rounds is the only known effective method to control breathing between rounds.The Ronald McDonald Care Mobile program, largest provider of free dental health care to underserved children in Beaufort County.
Dental care comes packaged in a semi truck. Yes, that's right, a mobile dental clinic that cleans, delivers flouride and produces smiles. The Ronald McDonald Care Mobile will showcase its facility at an open house on Hilton Head Island in conjunction with One Hot Mama's restaurant on Thursday, May 3rd.
The Ronald McDonald Care Mobile program is the largest provider of free dental health care to underserved children in Beaufort County. Nearly 22 percent of the children in Beaufort, Jasper and Hampton counties live at, or below the poverty level, says Nikole Layton, executive director of the Ronald McDonald House Charities of the Coastal Empire.
Many times, dental health care is considered a luxury. There are many reasons why oral health care is important, but Layton narrows her concern for children to two primary reasons; oral hygiene and self-esteem. Daily brushing and flossing keep bacteria under control prevent infections, tooth decay and promotes a health barrier to one’s blood stream.
Last year, the local nonprofit provided dental exams to over 2,000 children in public schools. They applied sealants, gave fluoride treatments and took X-rays via a dental office built inside of a semi-truck.
Orchid Paulmeier and One Hot Mama’s restaurant on Hilton Head Island invite the public to take a peek inside the “Care Mobile” at a open house transpiring on Thursday, May 3 beginning at 5:30 p.m. and continuing through 8:00 p.m. The event coincides with One Hot Mamas "Kids Eat Free Every Thursday" promotion each week.
Equipment finance and one of the world’s largest online equipment marketplaces? They go together like chocolate and peanut butter.
We’re proud to announce that Direct Capital and Mascus.com just forged an exclusive partnership that will result in a link to our financing programs being included on every piece of used equipment on Mascus’s gigantic database. The idea is to make access to needed equipment financing easy for Mascus’s customers.
Obviously, we’re thrilled to be able to offer our services, and appreciative of the work Mascus put in to make it happen. To quote Steve Lankler, our Senior Vice President for Marketing:
“We are excited to enter into this partnership with Mascus,” Lankler said. “Financing plays a critical role in enabling businesses to purchase large-ticket, heavy equipment and we look forward to tapping our strong lending capacity to make this process simple and fast for Mascus customers.”
If you haven’t ever checked out Mascus and you have equipment needs…well, you’re doing yourself a disservice. Here’s one example of an equipment page on Mascus, which offers you a comprehensive listing and the ability to read about it in about 35 different languages. That’s good, bueno and bon!
You can read our entire press release here. Let us know if you’ll be checking out this partnership for yourself, and thanks for reading!
Photo credit to mascus.com
Join Us On Facebook | Follow Us On TwitterSEOUL, Feb. 6 (Korea Bizwire) — South Korea’s antitrust regulator said Sunday it has decided to fine Mercedes-Benz 20.2 billion won (US$16.87 million) for falsified information on gas emissions of its diesel cars and ordered it to take corrective actions.
Mercedes-Benz was found to have tampered with pollution mitigation devices by installing illegal software in its cars, which made them perform at lower levels in ordinary driving conditions than during certification tests, according to the Fair Trade Commission (FTC).
The rigging means that the vehicles failed to meet permissible emission levels, but the German automaker falsified related facts in signs attached to its cars between April 2012 and November 2018, according to the commission.
The Korean unit also advertised that the vehicles’ nitrogen oxide emissions remained at a minimum level and they fully met the Euro 6 emission standards.
Such false ads were on a total of 15 models, and they had run on its catalog, magazines and press releases between August 2013 and December 2016, according to the commission.
“Though Mercedes-Benz claimed that it only used typical phrases about well-known performances of the emission mitigation devices, concealing the intentional implementation of illegal software and claiming its vehicles perform the best are beyond simple exaggeration and deception,” the regulator said in a release.
“Such practices will or are feared to hurt fair market order by preventing consumers from making a reasonable decision,” it added.
Last year, the regulator either imposed a fine or ordered corrective steps for Audi-Volkswagen Korea, Nissan Motor Corp., Stellantis Korea and Porsche AG for similar emissions rigging incidents.
I dont think that seperatuon fro thier big daddies would prove fatal for A-series little sisters, As highlighted in the prequel book little sisters are a precious commidty since there is a shortage ADAM of slugs, perhaps the little sisters would go into a state of deep sadness or anger when separted from thier A-series, If the A-series dies or cant be reunited with its little sister  they (the scientists) would probably do some mentle conditioning on the little sister and bond it to a new Daddy.I remember how I once had to convince higher ups that it was okay to drop IE8 support for a website.  Six months of Google Analytics showed that less than 5% of our users came in on anything below IE9 (with a small handful coming in on IE6.  WHYYY.)  

The cost benefit of building an entire separate website for IE8 users was too much.    When 95