�� 29.25, SD � 2.12) and that there were no significant differences between any other groups.

Manga Meteorological Station.
e result in Table 9 shows that there were no significant differences in means of the year groups with respect to rainfall but there was significant difference in means of temperature at P < 0.05 level

Discussion
In this study, emphasis was placed on the temporal description of temperature and rainfall in the Bawku Area of Upper East Region of the Savannah zone of Ghana. Similar to other studies, interannual and high values of changes in rainfall over the study area are in agreement with [15][16][17], and therefore it is implied that residents will still be in a state of uncertainty in relation to rainfall in the coming years. is is because of the difficulty in forecasting rainfall in an area with erratic and varied rainfall pattern. Rainfall variability in the study area is also consistent with the findings of [45,46]. us, the fluctuations in the rainfall distribution on annual basis are not uncommon in the Savannah zone. However, this finding is in sharp contrast with [16,45], in which rainfall on the whole was found to be decreasing in the northern part in general and Upper East Region of the country. is could probably be as a result of the fact that their study period was longer and dated back (1954-2010 and 1961-2007, respectively) to an earlier time than the current one and also because it is a wider area in comparison to the current study area. us, this study established that all the three meteorological stations on average enjoyed a slight increase in rainfall distribution.
Having an increasing rainfall trend is quite a welcoming result for the residents in the area because of its potential agricultural, hydrological, and socioeconomic effects in an area that is highly populated by farmers, rain-fed agriculturalist for that matter. e increasing rainfall in the area supports the findings of [46] that found that, in the Savannah zone of Ghana, many of the years between 1901 and 2010 experienced above-normal rainfall in the area. Given that there is an upward trend in rainfall, farmers and the residents in general will be relieved especially in relation to water management towards future use. is is because whereas crop farmers need water for their plants, those in animal husbandry equally rely on water for their animals. Indeed, the domestic use of water cannot be underestimated. However, an increasing number of rainfall-deficient years as shown by the anomalies are an indication of drought in those years. is even worsens the rainfall uncertainty situation in the area and rather calls for planning because of the significant role rainfall plays in the lives of the residents in the area. e fact that there is little or no rainfall from November to March suggests the significance of the dry season in this part of the country. In the savannah areas of Africa, reports of high temperature and low rainfall have been established as a consequent of the tropical continental air mass [47]. e seasonal nature of the monthly rainfall in the area is impacted upon by the dominance of the dry tropical continental air mass and the moist tropical maritime air mass from which we have the North East Trade Winds (harmattan) and South West Monsoon Winds, respectively. Even though these are the major determinants of the rainfall seasons in Ghana [26,48], it is important to note that the harmattan dominates the Savannah area of Ghana against the influence of the monsoon, hence leading to the long dry period with little amount of rainfall experienced. As such, months of negligible rainfall amount in the study area are generally due to the influence of North East Trade Winds, which are dry and cold in nature. is is not surprising especially in relation to the SPI results witnessing more dryness than wetness. e effect of this air mass on rainfall is similar to temperature distribution over the area.
us, the wind circulation in West Africa is dominated by the North East Trade Winds, which originate from the dry and hot Sahara Desert; this dry and dusty wind has tremendous effect on rainfall and temperature of the study area. at is not to say, however, that factors including absence of vegetation cover and absence of river and water bodies have no effects on the local atmospheric circulation in the area. However, the Savannah areas of Northern Ghana have relatively gentle slopes with rare vegetation and hence we speculate less effect of orography in the area.
On the contrary, this study also establishes that temperature assumes a uniformly increasing trend in the study area but varies yearly across the stations, which conforms to global and international studies about variations in temperature [2,49]. It is further in consistence with the findings of [16,20,50,51] that differently found increasing trends in annual, seasonal, and decadal day and night temperatures in the northern regions of Ghana. e increasing temperature over the area carries with it some consequences in the livelihoods of the residents in terms of drought, dry spells, water shortage, and the possibility of conflict over water resources in the area. us, the fact that temperature is rising significantly implies that the rising temperature has the potential to nullify the rainfall figures through evapotranspiration. e consequence is the scarcity of water in the area as observed in the drying-up of rivers, wells, dams, and dugouts and soil moisture deficiency in the area. is is a major blow to farming in the area because of farmers' dependence on rain-fed farming. But it is an undeniable fact that the rising temperature in the area is partly attributed to anthropogenic activities through deforestation for charcoal production, clearing of vegetation for farming, population pressure on the environment, urbanisation, and urban heating [52].
Meanwhile, there are decadal differences in temperature groupings over the area. Whereas at the Binduri station there was an observed difference in temperature during 1996-2005 and 2006-2015, there was a difference in temperature during 1976-1985 and 1996-2005 in Garu-Tempane. Lastly, differences exist between 1976-1985 and 1986-1995, 1976-1985 and 1996-2005, and 1976-1985 and 2006-2015 at Manga meteorological station.
is implies that, during the study period, temperature of the studied meteorological stations has rarely been constant over the

Conclusion
is study has proven to be an addition to the earlier studies regarding climate variability in the country, especially that of the Savannah agroclimatological zone. It is evident that in the study area rainfall is averagely low, with erratic pattern. It also fluctuates and varies in time with some extremely low and high periods of rainfall. Monthly cycles of rainfall and temperature show peaks in August and April, respectively. ere were more years with negative mean annual rainfall anomalies than positives with severe long drought period prior to 1988. e temperature, on the other hand, was uniformly high in the study area with minor extreme cases, yet the anomalies indicate rising values of temperatures. e study is able to establish an upward rise in temperature over the study period among the three stations. Despite the insignificant differences in the interdecadal rainfall amount, temperature witnessed interdecadal variations over the years under study. In relation to the results, all stakeholders, including nongovernmental organisations and government, are recommended to ensure adequate provision of water supply through the construction of dam's wells and boreholes. ese efforts will not just reduce water insecurity but will also increase the availability of resources for agricultural activities all-year-round since farmers will be able to farm even in dry seasons.

Data Availability
e data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.

Conflicts of Interest
e authors declare no conflicts of interest.“ the big windows that covers one of my walls in my studio. When I used to walk by one of these buildings with the old small glass windows I used to think that I would love to have a studio like that one day. They are a pain in the ass though, lets water and cold winds in and heat out in the winter but I still love them with all their light and airiness.”
“Right now I’m moving my studio around a bit. Sometimes when things feel a stagnant I like moving furniture around. I don’t know why, I’ve done it since I was a kid, maybe I should have done interior decoration instead! But it makes the place feel new and fresh. In the middle of the room, I’ve got a big table that is usually covered with stuff. Usually a sit here and work on jewelry…as you can see. I’m working on fall pieces for my online shop.”
“I’ve been working on patterns for a friends clothing company the last couple of days. All blue ink drawings, blue is one of my favorite colors, can you tell?? Also infront of my desk is some samples for my textile jewelry line Folki.”
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