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README.md
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# Phi-4-Hindi
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- <strong>~1%</strong> better performance on <strong>English</strong> Tasks compared to the original (average benchmark scores)
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- <strong>~4%</strong> better performance on <strong>Hindi</strong> Tasks compared to the original (average benchmark scores)
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- <strong>~10% less emissions</strong> than the original (as reported on benchmark evaluations like open-llm-leaderboard)
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## Intended Use
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<!-- Address questions around how the model is intended to be used, including the foreseeable users of the model and those affected by the model. -->
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We release Phi-4-Hindi under the Apache 2.0 license, encouraging researchers, developers, and enterprises to experiment with and build upon the model, particularly for bilingual, multilingual and non-English applications.
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At the time of release, the model demonstrated state-of-the-art performance across an extensive English and Hindi evaluation suite.
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Some potential downstream applications are as follows:
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- *Research*: This model serves as a valuable tool for researchers and developers working in NLP.
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| Translation to specified language | "`Input ### TRANSLATION [lang] ###`" |
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| Text Simplification/ELI5 | "`Input ### SIMPLIFY ###`" |
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The following prompt formats were used during training and are better suited for usage
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### Out-of-Scope Use
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<!-- This section addresses misuse, malicious use, and uses that the model will not work well for. -->
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While Phi-4-Hindi is a powerful
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- *Harmful or Malicious Use*: The model should not be employed to create or distribute harmful, misleading, or inappropriate content, including but not limited to:
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- Encouraging hate speech, violence, or discrimination
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- Spreading misinformation or false narratives
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- Facilitating or promoting illegal activities
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- *Sensitive Data Handling*: The model is not designed to process or generate personal, confidential, or sensitive information.
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- *Language Constraints*:
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- *High-Risk Decision-Making*: It should not be used for critical decision-making without human oversight, especially in medical, legal, financial, or safety-related contexts.
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<!-- This section is meant to convey both technical and sociotechnical limitations. -->
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<!-- The model is trained on publicly available data which was in part curated by Inception. -->
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While efforts have been made to minimize biases, it is likely that the model, as with all LLM models, will exhibit some bias.
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The model is trained as an AI assistant for Hindi and English speakers. The model is limited to
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and may not produce appropriate responses to other language queries.
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By using this model, you acknowledge and accept that, as with any large language model, it may generate incorrect, misleading and/or offensive information or content.
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The information is not intended as advice and should not be relied upon in any way, nor are we responsible for any of the content or consequences resulting from its use.
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We are continuously working to develop models with greater capabilities, and as such, welcome any feedback on the model
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## Evaluation:
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We evaluated our models on multiple well-known benchmarks to measure their effectiveness against other leading models, and the results are as follows:
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### Emissions
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We
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Unlike distillation from
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### Model Responses vs Order of Choices in MCQs
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---
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# Phi-4-Hindi
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Phi-4-Hindi is a 14.7B multilingual large language model, instruction-tuned to achieve <strong>state-of-the-art</strong> performance in <strong>Hindi</strong> and <strong>English</strong>. Built on a pre-trained foundation, it is optimized for bilingual tasks with a diverse mixed-language dataset.
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- <strong>~1%</strong> better performance on <strong>English</strong> Tasks compared to the original (average benchmark scores)
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- <strong>~4%</strong> better performance on <strong>Hindi</strong> Tasks compared to the original (average benchmark scores)
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- <strong>~10% less emissions</strong> than the original (as reported on benchmark evaluations like open-llm-leaderboard)
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## Intended Use
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<!-- Address questions around how the model is intended to be used, including the foreseeable users of the model and those affected by the model. -->
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+
We release Phi-4-Hindi under the Apache 2.0 license, encouraging researchers, developers, and enterprises to experiment with and build upon the model, particularly for bilingual, multilingual, and non-English applications.
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At the time of release, the model demonstrated state-of-the-art performance across an extensive English and Hindi evaluation suite.
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Some potential downstream applications are as follows:
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- *Research*: This model serves as a valuable tool for researchers and developers working in NLP.
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| Translation to specified language | "`Input ### TRANSLATION [lang] ###`" |
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| Text Simplification/ELI5 | "`Input ### SIMPLIFY ###`" |
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The following prompt formats were used during training and are better suited for usage; however, the model works well even without such formatting.
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### Out-of-Scope Use
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<!-- This section addresses misuse, malicious use, and uses that the model will not work well for. -->
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While Phi-4-Hindi is a powerful model designed for Hindi and English, usage must adhere to any applicable laws or regulations with its limitations in mind. The model must not be misused in ways that violate any applicable laws or regulations. Below are specific scenarios where its use is restricted:
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- *Harmful or Malicious Use*: The model should not be employed to create or distribute harmful, misleading, or inappropriate content, including but not limited to:
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- Encouraging hate speech, violence, or discrimination
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- Spreading misinformation or false narratives
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- Facilitating or promoting illegal activities
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- *Sensitive Data Handling*: The model is not designed to process or generate personal, confidential, or sensitive information. Users must implement their own privacy policy and pipelines for handling sensitive contents.
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- *Language Constraints*: Phi-4-Hindi is a multilingual model built on the Phi-4 foundation but has been instruction-tuned for enhanced performance in Hindi and English. As a result, its proficiency in other languages may differ from the base Phi-4 model. The potential performance impact on other languages has not been evaluated, as this model is specifically optimized for bilingual (Hindi-English) tasks.
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- *High-Risk Decision-Making*: It should not be used for critical decision-making without human oversight, especially in medical, legal, financial, or safety-related contexts.
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<!-- This section is meant to convey both technical and sociotechnical limitations. -->
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<!-- The model is trained on publicly available data which was in part curated by Inception. -->
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While efforts have been made to minimize biases, it is likely that the model, as with all LLM models, will exhibit some bias.
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The model is trained as an AI assistant for Hindi and English speakers. The model is limited to producing responses for queries in these two languages
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and may not produce appropriate responses to other language queries.
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By using this model, you acknowledge and accept that, as with any large language model, it may generate incorrect, misleading, and/or offensive information or content.
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The information is not intended as advice and should not be relied upon in any way, nor are we responsible for any of the content or consequences resulting from its use.
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We are continuously working to develop models with greater capabilities, and as such, welcome any feedback on the model.~~
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## Evaluation:
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We evaluated our models on multiple well-known benchmarks to measure their effectiveness against other leading models, and the results are as follows:
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### Emissions
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We believe that our use of shorter, more compressed instruction-response pairs during training has led to a model that generates concise yet accurate responses. This approach allows the model to meet requirements and arrive at correct answers while also improving efficiency and reducing emissions.
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Unlike distillation from reasoning or Chain-of-Thought (CoT) models, which often produce unnecessarily long responses—such as "Next, we proceed with..." or "Okay, let's do this..."—our method focuses purely on the essential step-by-step reasoning. For datasets containing multiple correct multi-step solutions, we prioritized training on the shortest valid solution, eliminating filler content.
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This ensures that Phi-4-Hindi remains both effective and efficient, delivering high-quality results without unnecessary verbosity.
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### Model Responses vs Order of Choices in MCQs
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Benchmarks like MMLU-Pro include up to 10 answer choices, whereas most training datasets typically contain only 4-5 choices. To improve robustness and reduce bias, we introduced modifications in the ordering and labeling of answer choices, including:
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- Reordering answer choices to create an imbalance that opposes the original model's choice distribution.
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- Altering labels in 5% of MCQ samples, replacing standard A/B/C/D labels with variations like a/b/c/d, 1/2/3/4, or w/x/y/z.
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These adjustments resulted in reduced bias toward earlier answer choices, leading to a more balanced selection distribution compared to the original Phi-4. The images below illustrate the distribution of choices selected by the model during MMLU-Pro evaluation.
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