[Solved] Glucose & Fructose are - Identify.
Glucose & Fructose are - Identify.
Option 4 : Functional isomers
These are the compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structures or stereochemistries.
There is a wide range of classification of organic molecules based on their structures.
Functional isomerism:
A class of compounds that have the same molecular formula but can have different functional groups exhibit functional isomerism.
Functional isomerism occurs in
Alcohol - ethers
ketones - aldehydes
acids - esters
cyanides - isocyanides
nitroalkanes and alkyl nitrites
alkynes, allenes, and dienes.
The ring form of glucose is known as the pyranose form.
There are two forms -
α where the -CH2OH group is opposite to the -OH group in C-1 are at opposite sides.
β form where the -CH2OH group is opposite to the -OH group in C-1 are on the same sides.
So, glucose and fructose have the same molecular formula C6H12O6 but different functional groups.
Hence, glucose and fructose are functional isomers.
Metamerism: When isomers have the same molecular formula but differ in nature of alkyl groups attached to it.
Ring - chain isomerism: Same molecular formula can represent an open-chain compound as well as a ring compound.
Positional isomers: Isomers having different positions in their functional groups.