A Case Study on Primary Caregivers’ Pressure and Coping Strategies for Middle-Aged and Elderly with Intellectual Disability in Pingtung County
黃棋傲 , Masters　Advisor：張麗玉　
壓力 ； 因應策略 ； 主要照顧者 ； 中高齡智能障礙者 ； stress ； coping strategies ； primary caregivers ； the elderly people with intellectual disability
本研究主要探討中高齡智能障礙者主要照顧者的壓力及因應策略，研究主要探討屏東地區，目的為探討屏東地區中高齡智能障礙者主要照顧者與被照顧者之特性、主要照顧者的壓力、主要照顧者的壓力所產生之影響、以及中高齡智能障礙者主要照顧者因應壓力的策略。 採質性研究方法，以立意取樣，應用深入訪談的方式進行資料蒐集，研究對象為屏東縣中高齡智能障礙者之主要照顧者，共十位。以半結構式訪談大綱為工具，透過深入訪談後，將逐字稿、研究者實際觀察紀錄、社工實務資料等進行分析。 研究發現，主要照顧者方面，以中高齡同住父母為主，且長達三十多年的照顧；察覺孩子為智障者有三階段反應；照顧方法多元；被照顧者態度及行為有負擔；壓力來自心理不平衡、照顧負荷增加、家中經濟狀況差、被照顧者行為舉止不良、被照顧者獨處、被照顧者日後無人照顧、配偶施予壓力、孩子不平衡、外人歧視；常見的因應策略有自我調適、調整心態、休閒娛樂、種花及工作；提供協助的人有照顧者自己本身、社工及女性路人。被照顧者方面，各個障礙程度皆有；學歷以國中為主。以研究發現作為參考提出建議，包括智障者家庭、專業人員、社福機構及民間團體、政府及長照體系之建議，以供實務與政策之參考。
This study focused on stress in the primary caregiver of elderly persons with mental disabilities and coping strategies. Research mainly discussed in area Pingtung, objective to explore the characteristics of the primary caregiver of elderly persons with mental disabilities and the cared, the stress of caregiver and its impact, and coping strategies of the primary caregiver of elderly persons with mental disabilities in Pingtung regions. This study used qualitative research methods with purposive sampling through in-depth interviews. Object of Study are caregivers of elderly people with intellectual disability in Pingtung County, the total number of whom was ten.This study are with semi-structured interview outline as a tool for in-depth interview, coupled with the analysis of actual observation records, social workers and other practical information. The study found that primary caregivers are based on the elderly living with their parents, and more than three decades of care. They also noticed that children are mentally handicapped with three-stage reaction: the methods to take care are diversification; attitudes and behaviors of the cared are burdened; pressures from mental imbalance, increase of the load of take care of, the family's economic situation is poor, bad behavior of the cared, caregivers are feeling alone, the cared will be left unattended in the future, the pressure administered by spouse, children feel unbalanced, discrimination of outsiders. Common coping strategies contain self-adjustment, attitude adjustment, recreation, gardening and work; people who provide assistance are caregivers themselves, social workers and female passers-by. For the cared, there are various degrees of disability, education is mainly middle schools. Make recommendations with the study found as a reference, including mental retardation families, professionals, social welfare organizations and civil society, government and long-term care system, to the reference for practice and policies.
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