The neurohormonal arm of the stress response is well defined. Less is known about the inflammatory arm mediated primarily by cytokines. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning this arm of the surgical stress response?
A. Cytokines primarily work locally via direct cell-to-cell communication
B. Cytokines are never detectable in the systemic bloodstream
C. Cytokines are produced only by immune cells attracted to the site of injury
D. Cytokine release may stimulate the release of other cytokines leading to an important cascade of events
Answer:A
The neurohormonal arm of the stress response is well defined. Less is known about the inflammatory arm mediated primarily by cytokines. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning this arm of the surgical stress response?
A. Cytokines primarily work locally via direct cell-to-cell communication B. Cytokines are never detectable in the systemic bloodstream C. Cytokines are produced only by immune cells attracted to the site of injury D. Cytokine release may stimulate the release of other cytokines leading to an important cascade of events