Which of the following examples illustrates the weakness of act utilitarianism?
A. Firm A refrains from accepting bribes even if that decreases its aggregate utility.
B. Firm A takes Firm B’s practice of offering bribes as a given and offers a matching bribe because that increases its aggregate utility.
C. Firm B believes that offering a bribe is ethical because it boosts competition.
D. Firms A and B consider bribery ethical in situations where a rational observer would understand the reason for the action.
Answer:B
Which of the following examples illustrates the weakness of act utilitarianism?
A. Firm A refrains from accepting bribes even if that decreases its aggregate utility. B. Firm A takes Firm B’s practice of offering bribes as a given and offers a matching bribe because that increases its aggregate utility. C. Firm B believes that offering a bribe is ethical because it boosts competition. D. Firms A and B consider bribery ethical in situations where a rational observer would understand the reason for the action.