<p><b>14號染色體</b>是人類23對染色體中的一對，正常人擁有2條14號染色體。14號染色體纏繞了約1億700萬鹼基對（構築DNA的材料），並包含了人類細胞中約3%至3.5%的DNA。每條染色體上的基因識別是遺傳研究活躍的領域。因為研究人員使用不同的方法來進行對於每一條染色體基因數目的預測，而基因數目的估計會有所變化。14號染色體的基因數目有可能介於700個至1300個。
</p>


<h2><span id=".E5.9F.BA.E5.9B.A0.E7.B5.84.E6.88.90"></span><span id="基因組成">基因組成</span></h2>
<p><b>14號染色體</b>基因組成有ATXN3、COCH、GALC、GCH1、IGH@、IFT43、MYH7、NPC2、PSEN1、SERPINA1、TSHR以及FAM71D，詳細基因組成的介紹請參見英文版本的維基百科。
</p>
<h2><span id=".E7.96.BE.E7.97.85.E6.88.96.E7.97.87.E7.8B.80"></span><span id="疾病或症狀">疾病或症狀</span></h2>
<p>下列與14號人類染色體的基因異常有關的疾病或症狀：
</p>
<ul><li>尼曼匹克症</li>
<li>阿茲海默症</li>
<li>先天性甲狀腺機能低下症</li>
<li>多發性骨髓瘤</li></ul><h2><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E8.B3.87.E6.96.99"></span><span id="參考資料">參考資料</span></h2>

<h3><span id=".E5.85.B6.E4.BB.96"></span><span id="其他">其他</span></h3>
<ul><li><cite class="citation journal">Campo E. Genetic and molecular genetic studies in the diagnosis of B-cell lymphomas I: mantle cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, and Burkitt's lymphoma. Hum Pathol. 2003, <b>34</b> (4): 330–5. <span title="公共醫學識別碼">PMID 12733111</span>. <span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1053/hupa.2003.97</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A14%E5%8F%B7%E6%9F%93%E8%89%B2%E4%BD%93&amp;rft.atitle=Genetic+and+molecular+genetic+studies+in+the+diagnosis+of+B-cell+lymphomas+I%3A+mantle+cell+lymphoma%2C+follicular+lymphoma%2C+and+Burkitt%27s+lymphoma&amp;rft.au=Campo+E&amp;rft.date=2003&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=4&amp;rft.jtitle=Hum+Pathol&amp;rft.pages=330-5&amp;rft.volume=34&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_human-pathology_2003-04_34_4%2Fpage%2F330&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1053%2Fhupa.2003.97&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F12733111&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal"><span> </span></span><span title="英語">（英文）</span></li>
<li><cite class="citation journal">Gilbert F. Disease genes and chromosomes: disease maps of the human genome. Chromosome 14. Genet Test. 1999, <b>3</b> (4): 379–91. <span title="公共醫學識別碼">PMID 10627948</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A14%E5%8F%B7%E6%9F%93%E8%89%B2%E4%BD%93&amp;rft.atitle=Disease+genes+and+chromosomes%3A+disease+maps+of+the+human+genome.+Chromosome+14&amp;rft.au=Gilbert+F&amp;rft.date=1999&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=4&amp;rft.jtitle=Genet+Test&amp;rft.pages=379-91&amp;rft.volume=3&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F10627948&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal"><span> </span></span><span title="英語">（英文）</span></li>
<li><cite class="citation journal">Heilig R, Eckenberg R, Petit JL, Fonknechten N, Da Silva C, Cattolico L, Levy M, Barbe V, de Berardinis V, Ureta-Vidal A, Pelletier E, Vico V, Anthouard V, Rowen L, Madan A, Qin S, Sun H, Du H, Pepin K, Artiguenave F, Robert C, Cruaud C, Bruls T, Jaillon O, Friedlander L, Samson G, Brottier P, Cure S, Segurens B, Aniere F, Samain S, Crespeau H, Abbasi N, Aiach N, Boscus D, Dickhoff R, Dors M, Dubois I, Friedman C, Gouyvenoux M, James R, Madan A, Mairey-Estrada B, Mangenot S, Martins N, Menard M, Oztas S, Ratcliffe A, Shaffer T, Trask B, Vacherie B, Bellemere C, Belser C, Besnard-Gonnet M, Bartol-Mavel D, Boutard M, Briez-Silla S, Combette S, Dufosse-Laurent V, Ferron C, Lechaplais C, Louesse C, Muselet D, Magdelenat G, Pateau E, Petit E, Sirvain-Trukniewicz P, Trybou A, Vega-Czarny N, Bataille E, Bluet E, Bordelais I, Dubois M, Dumont C, Guerin T, Haffray S, Hammadi R, Muanga J, Pellouin V, Robert D, Wunderle E, Gauguet G, Roy A, Sainte-Marthe L, Verdier J, Verdier-Discala C, Hillier L, Fulton L, McPherson J, Matsuda F, Wilson R, Scarpelli C, Gyapay G, Wincker P, Saurin W, Quetier F, Waterston R, Hood L, Jean Weissenbach. The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 14. Nature. 2003, <b>421</b> (6923): 601–7. <span title="公共醫學識別碼">PMID 12508121</span>. <span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1038/nature01348</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A14%E5%8F%B7%E6%9F%93%E8%89%B2%E4%BD%93&amp;rft.atitle=The+DNA+sequence+and+analysis+of+human+chromosome+14&amp;rft.au=Heilig+R%2C+Eckenberg+R%2C+Petit+JL%2C+Fonknechten+N%2C+Da+Silva+C%2C+Cattolico+L%2C+Levy+M%2C+Barbe+V%2C+de+Berardinis+V%2C+Ureta-Vidal+A%2C+Pelletier+E%2C+Vico+V%2C+Anthouard+V%2C+Rowen+L%2C+Madan+A%2C+Qin+S%2C+Sun+H%2C+Du+H%2C+Pepin+K%2C+Artiguenave+F%2C+Robert+C%2C+Cruaud+C%2C+Bruls+T%2C+Jaillon+O%2C+Friedlander+L%2C+Samson+G%2C+Brottier+P%2C+Cure+S%2C+Segurens+B%2C+Aniere+F%2C+Samain+S%2C+Crespeau+H%2C+Abbasi+N%2C+Aiach+N%2C+Boscus+D%2C+Dickhoff+R%2C+Dors+M%2C+Dubois+I%2C+Friedman+C%2C+Gouyvenoux+M%2C+James+R%2C+Madan+A%2C+Mairey-Estrada+B%2C+Mangenot+S%2C+Martins+N%2C+Menard+M%2C+Oztas+S%2C+Ratcliffe+A%2C+Shaffer+T%2C+Trask+B%2C+Vacherie+B%2C+Bellemere+C%2C+Belser+C%2C+Besnard-Gonnet+M%2C+Bartol-Mavel+D%2C+Boutard+M%2C+Briez-Silla+S%2C+Combette+S%2C+Dufosse-Laurent+V%2C+Ferron+C%2C+Lechaplais+C%2C+Louesse+C%2C+Muselet+D%2C+Magdelenat+G%2C+Pateau+E%2C+Petit+E%2C+Sirvain-Trukniewicz+P%2C+Trybou+A%2C+Vega-Czarny+N%2C+Bataille+E%2C+Bluet+E%2C+Bordelais+I%2C+Dubois+M%2C+Dumont+C%2C+Guerin+T%2C+Haffray+S%2C+Hammadi+R%2C+Muanga+J%2C+Pellouin+V%2C+Robert+D%2C+Wunderle+E%2C+Gauguet+G%2C+Roy+A%2C+Sainte-Marthe+L%2C+Verdier+J%2C+Verdier-Discala+C%2C+Hillier+L%2C+Fulton+L%2C+McPherson+J%2C+Matsuda+F%2C+Wilson+R%2C+Scarpelli+C%2C+Gyapay+G%2C+Wincker+P%2C+Saurin+W%2C+Quetier+F%2C+Waterston+R%2C+Hood+L%2C+Jean+Weissenbach&amp;rft.date=2003&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=6923&amp;rft.jtitle=Nature&amp;rft.pages=601-7&amp;rft.volume=421&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fnature01348&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F12508121&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal"><span> </span></span><span title="英語">（英文）</span></li>
<li><cite class="citation journal">Kamnasaran D, Cox DW. Current status of human chromosome 14. J Med Genet. 2002, <b>39</b> (2): 81–90. <span><span title="公共醫學中心">PMC 1735028</span> </span>. <span title="公共醫學識別碼">PMID 11836355</span>. <span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1136/jmg.39.2.81</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A14%E5%8F%B7%E6%9F%93%E8%89%B2%E4%BD%93&amp;rft.atitle=Current+status+of+human+chromosome+14&amp;rft.au=Kamnasaran+D%2C+Cox+DW&amp;rft.date=2002&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=2&amp;rft.jtitle=J+Med+Genet&amp;rft.pages=81-90&amp;rft.volume=39&amp;rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1735028&amp;rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1735028&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1136%2Fjmg.39.2.81&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F11836355&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal"><span> </span></span><span title="英語">（英文）</span></li>
<li><cite class="citation journal">Lemire EG, Cardwell S. Unusual phenotype in partial trisomy 14. Am J Med Genet. 1999, <b>87</b> (4): 294–6. <span title="公共醫學識別碼">PMID 10588832</span>. <span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-8628(19991203)87:4&lt;294::AID-AJMG2&gt;3.0.CO;2-S</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A14%E5%8F%B7%E6%9F%93%E8%89%B2%E4%BD%93&amp;rft.atitle=Unusual+phenotype+in+partial+trisomy+14&amp;rft.au=Lemire+EG%2C+Cardwell+S&amp;rft.date=1999&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=4&amp;rft.jtitle=Am+J+Med+Genet&amp;rft.pages=294-6&amp;rft.volume=87&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2F%28SICI%291096-8628%2819991203%2987%3A4%3C294%3A%3AAID-AJMG2%3E3.0.CO%3B2-S&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F10588832&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal"><span> </span></span><span title="英語">（英文）</span></li>
<li><cite class="citation journal">van Karnebeek CD, Quik S, Sluijter S, Hulsbeek MM, Hoovers JM, Hennekam RC. Further delineation of the chromosome 14q terminal deletion syndrome. Am J Med Genet. 2002, <b>110</b> (1): 65–72. <span title="公共醫學識別碼">PMID 12116274</span>. <span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1002/ajmg.10207</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A14%E5%8F%B7%E6%9F%93%E8%89%B2%E4%BD%93&amp;rft.atitle=Further+delineation+of+the+chromosome+14q+terminal+deletion+syndrome&amp;rft.au=van+Karnebeek+CD%2C+Quik+S%2C+Sluijter+S%2C+Hulsbeek+MM%2C+Hoovers+JM%2C+Hennekam+RC&amp;rft.date=2002&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.jtitle=Am+J+Med+Genet&amp;rft.pages=65-72&amp;rft.volume=110&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fajmg.10207&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F12116274&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal"><span> </span></span><span title="英語">（英文）</span></li></ul><h2><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.A6.8B"></span><span id="參見">參見</span></h2>
<ul><li>位於14號人類染色體的基因</li></ul><!-- 
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**14 號染色體**是人類 23 對染色體中的一對，正常人擁有 2 條 14 號染色體。14 號染色體纏繞了約 1 億 700 萬鹼基對（構築 DNA 的材料），並包含了人類細胞中約 3% 至 3.5% 的 DNA。每條染色體上的基因識別是遺傳研究活躍的領域。因為研究人員使用不同的方法來進行對於每一條染色體基因數目的預測，而基因數目的估計會有所變化。14 號染色體的基因數目有可能介於 700 個至 1300 個。

## 基因組成

**14 號染色體**基因組成有 ATXN3、COCH、GALC、GCH1、IGH@、IFT43、MYH7、NPC2、PSEN1、SERPINA1、TSHR 以及 FAM71D，詳細基因組成的介紹請參見英文版本的維基百科。

## 疾病或症狀

下列與 14 號人類染色體的基因異常有關的疾病或症狀：

* 尼曼匹克症
* 阿茲海默症
* 先天性甲狀腺機能低下症
* 多發性骨髓瘤

## 參考資料

### 其他

* Campo E. Genetic and molecular genetic studies in the diagnosis of B-cell lymphomas I: mantle cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, and Burkitt's lymphoma. Hum Pathol. 2003, **34** (4): 330–5. PMID 12733111. doi:10.1053/hupa.2003.97. （英文）
* Gilbert F. Disease genes and chromosomes: disease maps of the human genome. Chromosome 14. Genet Test. 1999, **3** (4): 379–91. PMID 10627948. （英文）
* Heilig R, Eckenberg R, Petit JL, Fonknechten N, Da Silva C, Cattolico L, Levy M, Barbe V, de Berardinis V, Ureta-Vidal A, Pelletier E, Vico V, Anthouard V, Rowen L, Madan A, Qin S, Sun H, Du H, Pepin K, Artiguenave F, Robert C, Cruaud C, Bruls T, Jaillon O, Friedlander L, Samson G, Brottier P, Cure S, Segurens B, Aniere F, Samain S, Crespeau H, Abbasi N, Aiach N, Boscus D, Dickhoff R, Dors M, Dubois I, Friedman C, Gouyvenoux M, James R, Madan A, Mairey-Estrada B, Mangenot S, Martins N, Menard M, Oztas S, Ratcliffe A, Shaffer T, Trask B, Vacherie B, Bellemere C, Belser C, Besnard-Gonnet M, Bartol-Mavel D, Boutard M, Briez-Silla S, Combette S, Dufosse-Laurent V, Ferron C, Lechaplais C, Louesse C, Muselet D, Magdelenat G, Pateau E, Petit E, Sirvain-Trukniewicz P, Trybou A, Vega-Czarny N, Bataille E, Bluet E, Bordelais I, Dubois M, Dumont C, Guerin T, Haffray S, Hammadi R, Muanga J, Pellouin V, Robert D, Wunderle E, Gauguet G, Roy A, Sainte-Marthe L, Verdier J, Verdier-Discala C, Hillier L, Fulton L, McPherson J, Matsuda F, Wilson R, Scarpelli C, Gyapay G, Wincker P, Saurin W, Quetier F, Waterston R, Hood L, Jean Weissenbach. The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 14. Nature. 2003, **421** (6923): 601–7. PMID 12508121. doi:10.1038/nature01348. （英文）
* Kamnasaran D, Cox DW. Current status of human chromosome 14. J Med Genet. 2002, **39** (2): 81–90. PMC 1735028 . PMID 11836355. doi:10.1136/jmg.39.2.81. （英文）
* Lemire EG, Cardwell S. Unusual phenotype in partial trisomy 14. Am J Med Genet. 1999, **87** (4): 294–6. PMID 10588832. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-8628(19991203)87:4<294::AID-AJMG2>3.0.CO;2-S. （英文）
* van Karnebeek CD, Quik S, Sluijter S, Hulsbeek MM, Hoovers JM, Hennekam RC. Further delineation of the chromosome 14q terminal deletion syndrome. Am J Med Genet. 2002, **110** (1): 65–72. PMID 12116274. doi:10.1002/ajmg.10207. （英文）

## 參見

* 位於 14 號人類染色體的基因
14號染色體