<p><b>溴酸銨</b>是一種無機化合物，化學式為NH<sub>4</sub>BrO<sub>3</sub>。
</p>
<h2><span id=".E5.88.B6.E5.A4.87"></span><span id="制备">製備</span></h2>
<p>溴酸銨可由溴酸鈉和氯化銨在溶液中反應得到：</p>
<dl><dd><span><span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {NH4Cl + NaBrO3 -&gt; NH4BrO3 + NaCl}}}">
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          <msubsup>
            <mtext>NH</mtext>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>4</mn>
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            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
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          <mtext>Cl</mtext>
          <mo>+</mo>
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            <mtext>NaBrO</mtext>
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          <mo stretchy="false">⟶<!-- ⟶ --></mo>
          <msubsup>
            <mtext>NH</mtext>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
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          <msubsup>
            <mtext>BrO</mtext>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>3</mn>
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          <mo>+</mo>
          <mtext>NaCl</mtext>
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    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {NH4Cl + NaBrO3 -&gt; NH4BrO3 + NaCl}}}</annotation>
  </semantics></math></span></span></dd></dl><h2><span id=".E5.8C.96.E5.AD.A6.E6.80.A7.E8.B4.A8"></span><span id="化学性质">化學性質</span></h2>
<p>溴酸銨是一種很不穩定的化合物，在−5 °C時即可緩慢分解，並於54 °C爆炸。分解按下式進行：</p>
<dl><dd><span><span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {4 NH4BrO3 -&gt; NH4NO3 + 2 Br2 + O2 ^ + N2O ^ + 6 H2O}}}">
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    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
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          <mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
          <msubsup>
            <mtext>NH</mtext>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>4</mn>
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            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em"></mspace>
            </mrow>
          </msubsup>
          <msubsup>
            <mtext>BrO</mtext>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>3</mn>
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            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em"></mspace>
            </mrow>
          </msubsup>
          <mo stretchy="false">⟶<!-- ⟶ --></mo>
          <msubsup>
            <mtext>NH</mtext>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>4</mn>
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            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
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          <msubsup>
            <mtext>NO</mtext>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>3</mn>
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              <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em"></mspace>
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          </msubsup>
          <mo>+</mo>
          <mn>2</mn>
          <mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
          <msubsup>
            <mtext>Br</mtext>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>2</mn>
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            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em"></mspace>
            </mrow>
          </msubsup>
          <mo>+</mo>
          <msubsup>
            <mtext>O</mtext>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>2</mn>
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            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em"></mspace>
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          </msubsup>
          <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
            <mo stretchy="false">↑<!-- ↑ --></mo>
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          <mo>+</mo>
          <msubsup>
            <mtext>N</mtext>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>2</mn>
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          <mtext>O</mtext>
          <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
            <mo stretchy="false">↑<!-- ↑ --></mo>
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          <mo>+</mo>
          <mn>6</mn>
          <mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
          <msubsup>
            <mtext>H</mtext>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>2</mn>
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          <mtext>O</mtext>
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    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {4 NH4BrO3 -&gt; NH4NO3 + 2 Br2 + O2 ^ + N2O ^ + 6 H2O}}}</annotation>
  </semantics></math></span></span></dd>
<dd><span><span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {2 NH4BrO3 -&gt; N2 ^ + Br2 + O2 ^ + 4 H2O}}}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <mn>2</mn>
          <mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
          <msubsup>
            <mtext>NH</mtext>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>4</mn>
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              <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em"></mspace>
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          <msubsup>
            <mtext>BrO</mtext>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>3</mn>
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            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em"></mspace>
            </mrow>
          </msubsup>
          <mo stretchy="false">⟶<!-- ⟶ --></mo>
          <msubsup>
            <mtext>N</mtext>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>2</mn>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em"></mspace>
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          </msubsup>
          <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
            <mo stretchy="false">↑<!-- ↑ --></mo>
          </mrow>
          <mo>+</mo>
          <msubsup>
            <mtext>Br</mtext>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>2</mn>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em"></mspace>
            </mrow>
          </msubsup>
          <mo>+</mo>
          <msubsup>
            <mtext>O</mtext>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>2</mn>
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            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em"></mspace>
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          <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
            <mo stretchy="false">↑<!-- ↑ --></mo>
          </mrow>
          <mo>+</mo>
          <mn>4</mn>
          <mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
          <msubsup>
            <mtext>H</mtext>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>2</mn>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em"></mspace>
            </mrow>
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          <mtext>O</mtext>
        </mrow>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {2 NH4BrO3 -&gt; N2 ^ + Br2 + O2 ^ + 4 H2O}}}</annotation>
  </semantics></math></span></span></dd></dl><p>它在含有氯化鈣的乾燥器內保存時也有可觀分解，分解時顏色變為黃色，之後變為紅棕色。</p>
<h2><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span><span id="参考文献">參考文獻</span></h2>
**溴酸銨**是一種無機化合物，化學式為 NH4BrO3。

## 製備

溴酸銨可由溴酸鈉和氯化銨在溶液中反應得到：

　
: ${\ce {NH4Cl + NaBrO3 -> NH4BrO3 + NaCl}}$

## 化學性質

溴酸銨是一種很不穩定的化合物，在−5 °C 時即可緩慢分解，並於 54 °C 爆炸。分解按下式進行：

　
: ${\ce {4 NH4BrO3 -> NH4NO3 + 2 Br2 + O2 ^ + N2O ^ + 6 H2O}}$

　
: ${\ce {2 NH4BrO3 -> N2 ^ + Br2 + O2 ^ + 4 H2O}}$

它在含有氯化鈣的乾燥器內保存時也有可觀分解，分解時顏色變為黃色，之後變為紅棕色。

## 參考文獻
13843-59-9