<p><b>19-去甲睪酮</b>（英語：<span lang="en">19-nortestosterone</span>）也被稱為<b>諾龍</b>（Nandrolone）是一種雄激素和同化類固醇（AAS）。其酯類衍生物（如其苯丙酸酯、癸酸酯等）常作為貧血、惡病體質、骨質疏鬆症、乳癌的治療藥物，不能通過口服給藥，只能進行肌肉注射給藥。
</p><p>由於19-去甲睪酮是雄激素睪酮的去甲基化類似物，因此它能作為睪酮和雙氫睪酮（DHT）的生物學靶點——雄激素受體（AR）的激動劑，在人體內引起一些雄性化症狀，如痤瘡、毛髮增長、聲音嘶啞、性慾增強等副作用。相比較而言，19-去甲睪酮的一些酯化產物蛋白同化活性較強，而雄激素活性較弱，可以作為適用於婦女兒童的較溫和藥物，以及具有緩釋作用的前體藥物。
</p>
<h2><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span><span id="参考文献">參考文獻</span></h2>

<h2><span id=".E5.BB.B6.E4.BC.B8.E9.98.85.E8.AF.BB"></span><span id="延伸阅读">延伸閱讀</span></h2>
<ul><li><cite class="citation journal">Geusens P. Nandrolone decanoate: pharmacological properties and therapeutic use in osteoporosis. Clin. Rheumatol. 1995,. 14 Suppl 3: 32–9. <span title="公共醫學識別碼">PMID 8846659</span>. <span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1007/bf02210686</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A19-%E5%8E%BB%E7%94%B2%E7%9D%BE%E9%85%AE&amp;rft.atitle=Nandrolone+decanoate%3A+pharmacological+properties+and+therapeutic+use+in+osteoporosis&amp;rft.aufirst=P&amp;rft.aulast=Geusens&amp;rft.date=1995&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Clin.+Rheumatol.&amp;rft.pages=32-9&amp;rft.volume=14+Suppl+3&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fbf02210686&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F8846659&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite class="citation journal">Kicman AT. Pharmacology of anabolic steroids. Br. J. Pharmacol. 2008, <b>154</b> (3): 502–21. <span><span title="公共醫學中心">PMC 2439524</span> </span>. <span title="公共醫學識別碼">PMID 18500378</span>. <span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1038/bjp.2008.165</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A19-%E5%8E%BB%E7%94%B2%E7%9D%BE%E9%85%AE&amp;rft.atitle=Pharmacology+of+anabolic+steroids&amp;rft.aufirst=AT&amp;rft.aulast=Kicman&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=3&amp;rft.jtitle=Br.+J.+Pharmacol.&amp;rft.pages=502-21&amp;rft.volume=154&amp;rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2439524&amp;rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2439524&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fbjp.2008.165&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F18500378&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite class="citation book">Hemmersbach P, Grosse J. Nandrolone: a multi-faceted doping agent. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology <b>195</b>. 2010: 127–54. <span title="國際標準書號">ISBN</span> 978-3-540-79087-7. <span title="公共醫學識別碼">PMID 20020363</span>. <span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1007/978-3-540-79088-4_6</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A19-%E5%8E%BB%E7%94%B2%E7%9D%BE%E9%85%AE&amp;rft.au=Grosse%2C+J&amp;rft.aufirst=P&amp;rft.aulast=Hemmersbach&amp;rft.btitle=Nandrolone%3A+a+multi-faceted+doping+agent&amp;rft.date=2010&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-3-540-79087-7&amp;rft.pages=127-54&amp;rft.series=Handbook+of+Experimental+Pharmacology&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-3-540-79088-4_6&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F20020363&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"><span> </span></span> </li>
<li><cite class="citation journal">Velema MS, Kwa BH, de Ronde W. Should androgenic anabolic steroids be considered in the treatment regime of selected chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients?. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2012, <b>18</b> (2): 118–24. <span title="公共醫學識別碼">PMID 22189453</span>. <span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1097/MCP.0b013e32834e9001</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A19-%E5%8E%BB%E7%94%B2%E7%9D%BE%E9%85%AE&amp;rft.atitle=Should+androgenic+anabolic+steroids+be+considered+in+the+treatment+regime+of+selected+chronic+obstructive+pulmonary+disease+patients%3F&amp;rft.au=Kwa%2C+BH&amp;rft.au=de+Ronde%2C+W&amp;rft.aufirst=MS&amp;rft.aulast=Velema&amp;rft.date=2012&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=2&amp;rft.jtitle=Curr+Opin+Pulm+Med&amp;rft.pages=118-24&amp;rft.volume=18&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1097%2FMCP.0b013e32834e9001&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F22189453&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite class="citation journal">Busardò FP, Frati P, Sanzo MD, Napoletano S, Pinchi E, Zaami S, Fineschi V. The impact of nandrolone decanoate on the central nervous system. Curr Neuropharmacol. 2015, <b>13</b> (1): 122–31. <span><span title="公共醫學中心">PMC 4462037</span> </span>. <span title="公共醫學識別碼">PMID 26074747</span>. <span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.2174/1570159X13666141210225822</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A19-%E5%8E%BB%E7%94%B2%E7%9D%BE%E9%85%AE&amp;rft.atitle=The+impact+of+nandrolone+decanoate+on+the+central+nervous+system&amp;rft.au=Fineschi%2C+V&amp;rft.au=Frati%2C+P&amp;rft.au=Napoletano%2C+S&amp;rft.au=Pinchi%2C+E&amp;rft.au=Sanzo%2C+MD&amp;rft.au=Zaami%2C+S&amp;rft.aufirst=FP&amp;rft.aulast=Busard%C3%B2&amp;rft.date=2015&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.jtitle=Curr+Neuropharmacol&amp;rft.pages=122-31&amp;rft.volume=13&amp;rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4462037&amp;rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4462037&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2174%2F1570159X13666141210225822&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F26074747&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite class="citation journal">Wu C, Kovac JR. Novel Uses for the Anabolic Androgenic Steroids Nandrolone and Oxandrolone in the Management of Male Health. Curr Urol Rep. 2016, <b>17</b> (10): 72. <span title="公共醫學識別碼">PMID 27535042</span>. <span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1007/s11934-016-0629-8</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A19-%E5%8E%BB%E7%94%B2%E7%9D%BE%E9%85%AE&amp;rft.atitle=Novel+Uses+for+the+Anabolic+Androgenic+Steroids+Nandrolone+and+Oxandrolone+in+the+Management+of+Male+Health&amp;rft.au=Kovac%2C+JR&amp;rft.aufirst=C&amp;rft.aulast=Wu&amp;rft.date=2016&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=10&amp;rft.jtitle=Curr+Urol+Rep&amp;rft.pages=72&amp;rft.volume=17&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs11934-016-0629-8&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F27535042&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite class="citation journal">Pan MM, Kovac JR. Beyond testosterone cypionate: evidence behind the use of nandrolone in male health and wellness. Transl Androl Urol. 2016, <b>5</b> (2): 213–9. <span><span title="公共醫學中心">PMC 4837307</span> </span>. <span title="公共醫學識別碼">PMID 27141449</span>. <span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.21037/tau.2016.03.03</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A19-%E5%8E%BB%E7%94%B2%E7%9D%BE%E9%85%AE&amp;rft.atitle=Beyond+testosterone+cypionate%3A+evidence+behind+the+use+of+nandrolone+in+male+health+and+wellness&amp;rft.au=Kovac%2C+JR&amp;rft.aufirst=MM&amp;rft.aulast=Pan&amp;rft.date=2016&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=2&amp;rft.jtitle=Transl+Androl+Urol&amp;rft.pages=213-9&amp;rft.volume=5&amp;rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4837307&amp;rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4837307&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.21037%2Ftau.2016.03.03&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F27141449&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal"><span> </span></span></li></ul><!-- 
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**19 - 去甲睪酮**（英語：19-nortestosterone）也被稱為**諾龍**（Nandrolone）是一種雄激素和同化類固醇（AAS）。其酯類衍生物（如其苯丙酸酯、癸酸酯等）常作為貧血、惡病體質、骨質疏鬆症、乳癌的治療藥物，不能通過口服給藥，只能進行肌肉注射給藥。

由於 19 - 去甲睪酮是雄激素睪酮的去甲基化類似物，因此它能作為睪酮和雙氫睪酮（DHT）的生物學靶點 —— 雄激素受體（AR）的激動劑，在人體內引起一些雄性化症狀，如痤瘡、毛髮增長、聲音嘶啞、性慾增強等副作用。相比較而言，19 - 去甲睪酮的一些酯化產物蛋白同化活性較強，而雄激素活性較弱，可以作為適用於婦女兒童的較溫和藥物，以及具有緩釋作用的前體藥物。

## 參考文獻

## 延伸閱讀

* Geusens P. Nandrolone decanoate: pharmacological properties and therapeutic use in osteoporosis. Clin. Rheumatol. 1995,. 14 Suppl 3: 32–9. PMID 8846659. doi:10.1007/bf02210686.
* Kicman AT. Pharmacology of anabolic steroids. Br. J. Pharmacol. 2008, **154** (3): 502–21. PMC 2439524 . PMID 18500378. doi:10.1038/bjp.2008.165.
* Hemmersbach P, Grosse J. Nandrolone: a multi-faceted doping agent. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology **195**. 2010: 127–54. ISBN 978-3-540-79087-7. PMID 20020363. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-79088-4\_6.
* Velema MS, Kwa BH, de Ronde W. Should androgenic anabolic steroids be considered in the treatment regime of selected chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients?. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2012, **18** (2): 118–24. PMID 22189453. doi:10.1097/MCP.0b013e32834e9001.
* Busardò FP, Frati P, Sanzo MD, Napoletano S, Pinchi E, Zaami S, Fineschi V. The impact of nandrolone decanoate on the central nervous system. Curr Neuropharmacol. 2015, **13** (1): 122–31. PMC 4462037 . PMID 26074747. doi:10.2174/1570159X13666141210225822.
* Wu C, Kovac JR. Novel Uses for the Anabolic Androgenic Steroids Nandrolone and Oxandrolone in the Management of Male Health. Curr Urol Rep. 2016, **17** (10): 72. PMID 27535042. doi:10.1007/s11934-016-0629-8.
* Pan MM, Kovac JR. Beyond testosterone cypionate: evidence behind the use of nandrolone in male health and wellness. Transl Androl Urol. 2016, **5** (2): 213–9. PMC 4837307 . PMID 27141449. doi:10.21037/tau.2016.03.03.
19-去甲睾酮