<p><b>硝酸錼(IV)</b>是一種無機化合物，化學式為Np(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>。它是易溶於水的晶體，可以形成水合物。</p>


<h2><span id=".E5.88.B6.E5.A4.87"></span><span id="制备">製備</span></h2>
<p>硝酸錼(IV)可由新制的氫氧化錼(IV)和稀硝酸反應製得：</p>
<dl><dd><dl><dd><span><span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathsf {Np(OH)_{4}+4HNO_{3}\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ Np(NO_{3})_{4}+4H_{2}O}}}">
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    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mathsf {Np(OH)_{4}+4HNO_{3}\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ Np(NO_{3})_{4}+4H_{2}O}}}</annotation>
  </semantics></math></span></span></dd></dl></dd></dl><h2><span id=".E6.80.A7.E8.B4.A8"></span><span id="性质">性質</span></h2>
<p>硝酸錼(IV)在溶液中為黃綠色，在酸性環境（1.3 N HNO<sub>3</sub>）中，它可以被甲醛次硫酸氫鈉或單鹽酸肼還原為Np<sup>3+</sup>而顯亮黃色。它也可以被Pu(IV)氧化為Np(V)。</p><p>它可以在水溶液中被磷酸三丁酯萃取，溶液中存在硝酸時體系無明顯反應，但加熱時經NpO<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup>氧化至NpO<sub>2</sub><sup>2+</sup>。</p><p>它可以和二甲基乙醯胺、二甲基亞碸等配體形成配合物，也能和硝酸根形成配陰離子[Np(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>2−</sup>。</p>
<h2><span id=".E7.94.A8.E9.80.94"></span><span id="用途">用途</span></h2>
<p>硝酸錼(IV)和鈾、鈽的硝酸鹽混合溶液與水合肼反應，可以製備混合二氧化物(U, Np, Pu)O<sub>2</sub>，以用於快中子反應爐。</p>
<h2><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span><span id="参考文献">參考文獻</span></h2>

<h2><span id=".E6.8B.93.E5.B1.95.E9.98.85.E8.AF.BB"></span><span id="拓展阅读">拓展閱讀</span></h2>
<p><small>
</small></p><small><ul><li><cite class="citation book">Horner, D. E. Plutonium Extraction from Nitrate and Sulfate Solutions by Amines and Organophosphorus Compounds. Oak Ridge National Laboratory. 1961: 17 <span> [<span>2021-08-17</span>]</span>. （原始內容存檔於2022-02-19） <span title="連接到英語網頁">（英語）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%95%8E%28IV%29&amp;rft.aufirst=D.+E.&amp;rft.aulast=Horner&amp;rft.btitle=Plutonium+Extraction+from+Nitrate+and+Sulfate+Solutions+by+Amines+and+Organophosphorus+Compounds&amp;rft.date=1961&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.pages=17&amp;rft.pub=Oak+Ridge+National+Laboratory&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.ru%2Fbooks%2Fedition%2FPlutonium_Extraction_from_Nitrate_and_Su%2F7ESj8bTz_UQC%3Fhl%3Den%26gbpv%3D1%26dq%3DNeptunium%28IV%29%2Bnitrate%26pg%3DPA17%26printsec%3Dfrontcover&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite class="citation journal">Ikeda-Ohno, Atsushi; Hennig, Christoph; Rossberg, André; Funke, Harald; Scheinost, Andreas C.; Bernhard, Gert; Yaita, Tsuyoshi. Electrochemical and Complexation Behavior of Neptunium in Aqueous Perchlorate and Nitrate Solutions. Inorganic Chemistry. 15 September 2008, <b>47</b> (18): 8294–8305 <span> [<span>2021-08-17</span>]</span>. <span title="國際標準連續出版物號">ISSN 0020-1669</span>. <span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1021/ic8009095</span>. （原始內容存檔於2021-08-17） <span title="連接到英語網頁">（英語）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%95%8E%28IV%29&amp;rft.atitle=Electrochemical+and+Complexation+Behavior+of+Neptunium+in+Aqueous+Perchlorate+and+Nitrate+Solutions&amp;rft.au=Bernhard%2C+Gert&amp;rft.au=Funke%2C+Harald&amp;rft.au=Hennig%2C+Christoph&amp;rft.au=Rossberg%2C+Andr%C3%A9&amp;rft.au=Scheinost%2C+Andreas+C.&amp;rft.au=Yaita%2C+Tsuyoshi&amp;rft.aufirst=Atsushi&amp;rft.aulast=Ikeda-Ohno&amp;rft.date=2008-09-15&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issn=0020-1669&amp;rft.issue=18&amp;rft.jtitle=Inorganic+Chemistry&amp;rft.pages=8294-8305&amp;rft.volume=47&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpubs.acs.org%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1021%2Fic8009095&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1021%2Fic8009095&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite class="citation web">Guillaume, B.; Moulin, J.P.; Maurice, Ch. Chemical Properties Of Neptunium Applied To Neptunium Management In Extraction Cycles Of Purex Process <span>(PDF)</span>. 1984-11-27~29 <span> [<span>2021-08-17</span>]</span>. （原始內容存檔 <span>(PDF)</span>於2021-08-17） <span title="連接到英語網頁">（英語）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%95%8E%28IV%29&amp;rft.au=Maurice%2C+Ch.&amp;rft.au=Moulin%2C+J.P.&amp;rft.aufirst=B.&amp;rft.aulast=Guillaume&amp;rft.btitle=Chemical+Properties+Of+Neptunium+Applied+To+Neptunium+Management+In+Extraction+Cycles+Of+Purex+Process&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finis.iaea.org%2Fcollection%2FNCLCollectionStore%2F_Public%2F16%2F080%2F16080207.pdf&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"><span> </span></span> </li></ul></small><small></small><p><small></small>
</p>
**硝酸錼 (IV)** 是一種無機化合物，化學式為 Np (NO3)4。它是易溶於水的晶體，可以形成水合物。

## 製備

硝酸錼 (IV) 可由新制的氫氧化錼 (IV) 和稀硝酸反應製得：

　
: : ${\mathsf {Np(OH)_{4}+4HNO_{3}\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ Np(NO_{3})_{4}+4H_{2}O}}$

## 性質

硝酸錼 (IV) 在溶液中為黃綠色，在酸性環境（1.3 N HNO3）中，它可以被甲醛次硫酸氫鈉或單鹽酸肼還原為 Np3+ 而顯亮黃色。它也可以被 Pu (IV) 氧化為 Np (V)。

它可以在水溶液中被磷酸三丁酯萃取，溶液中存在硝酸時體系無明顯反應，但加熱時經 NpO2+ 氧化至 NpO22+。

它可以和二甲基乙醯胺、二甲基亞碸等配體形成配合物，也能和硝酸根形成配陰離子 [Np (NO3)6]2−。

## 用途

硝酸錼 (IV) 和鈾、鈽的硝酸鹽混合溶液與水合肼反應，可以製備混合二氧化物 (U, Np, Pu) O2，以用於快中子反應爐。

## 參考文獻

## 拓展閱讀

* Horner, D. E. Plutonium Extraction from Nitrate and Sulfate Solutions by Amines and Organophosphorus Compounds. Oak Ridge National Laboratory. 1961: 17 [2021-08-17]. （原始內容存檔於 2022-02-19） （英語）.
* Ikeda-Ohno, Atsushi; Hennig, Christoph; Rossberg, André; Funke, Harald; Scheinost, Andreas C.; Bernhard, Gert; Yaita, Tsuyoshi. Electrochemical and Complexation Behavior of Neptunium in Aqueous Perchlorate and Nitrate Solutions. Inorganic Chemistry. 15 September 2008, **47** (18): 8294–8305 [2021-08-17]. ISSN 0020-1669. doi:10.1021/ic8009095. （原始內容存檔於 2021-08-17） （英語）.
* Guillaume, B.; Moulin, J.P.; Maurice, Ch. Chemical Properties Of Neptunium Applied To Neptunium Management In Extraction Cycles Of Purex Process (PDF). 1984-11-27~29 [2021-08-17]. （原始內容存檔 (PDF) 於 2021-08-17） （英語）.
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