<p><b>壬酸</b>是九個碳的直鏈羧酸，結構式CH<sub>3</sub>(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>7</sub>COOH。
</p>


<h2><span id=".E6.80.A7.E8.B4.A8"></span><span id="性质">性質</span></h2>
<p>純品為無色微有特殊氣味的油狀液體，工業品常呈淡黃色。有腐蝕性。不溶於水，溶於乙醇、乙醚和氯仿。
</p>
<h2><span id=".E5.88.B6.E5.A4.87"></span><span id="制备">製備</span></h2>
<p>1、由油酸被硝酸或臭氧氧化而得。
</p><p>2、1-辛烯與合成氣經羰基化得到壬醛，後者在空氣作用下被氧化為壬酸。
</p>
<dl><dd><span><span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \ H_{2}C\!=\!CH(CH_{2})_{5}CH_{3}+CO+H_{2}\rightarrow CH_{3}(CH_{2})_{7}CHO}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
        <mtext> </mtext>
        <msub>
          <mi>H</mi>
          <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
            <mn>2</mn>
          </mrow>
        </msub>
        <mi>C</mi>
        <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
        <mo>=</mo>
        <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
        <mi>C</mi>
        <mi>H</mi>
        <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
        <mi>C</mi>
        <msub>
          <mi>H</mi>
          <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
            <mn>2</mn>
          </mrow>
        </msub>
        <msub>
          <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
          <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
            <mn>5</mn>
          </mrow>
        </msub>
        <mi>C</mi>
        <msub>
          <mi>H</mi>
          <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
            <mn>3</mn>
          </mrow>
        </msub>
        <mo>+</mo>
        <mi>C</mi>
        <mi>O</mi>
        <mo>+</mo>
        <msub>
          <mi>H</mi>
          <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
            <mn>2</mn>
          </mrow>
        </msub>
        <mo stretchy="false">→<!-- → --></mo>
        <mi>C</mi>
        <msub>
          <mi>H</mi>
          <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
            <mn>3</mn>
          </mrow>
        </msub>
        <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
        <mi>C</mi>
        <msub>
          <mi>H</mi>
          <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
            <mn>2</mn>
          </mrow>
        </msub>
        <msub>
          <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
          <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
            <mn>7</mn>
          </mrow>
        </msub>
        <mi>C</mi>
        <mi>H</mi>
        <mi>O</mi>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \ H_{2}C\!=\!CH(CH_{2})_{5}CH_{3}+CO+H_{2}\rightarrow CH_{3}(CH_{2})_{7}CHO}</annotation>
  </semantics></math></span></span><span><span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \ \rightarrow CH_{3}(CH_{2})_{7}COOH}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
        <mtext> </mtext>
        <mo stretchy="false">→<!-- → --></mo>
        <mi>C</mi>
        <msub>
          <mi>H</mi>
          <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
            <mn>3</mn>
          </mrow>
        </msub>
        <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
        <mi>C</mi>
        <msub>
          <mi>H</mi>
          <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
            <mn>2</mn>
          </mrow>
        </msub>
        <msub>
          <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
          <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
            <mn>7</mn>
          </mrow>
        </msub>
        <mi>C</mi>
        <mi>O</mi>
        <mi>O</mi>
        <mi>H</mi>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \ \rightarrow CH_{3}(CH_{2})_{7}COOH}</annotation>
  </semantics></math></span></span></dd></dl><h2><span id=".E7.94.A8.E9.80.94"></span><span id="用途">用途</span></h2>
<p>用作有機合成中間體，用於製取壬二酸（經氧化）、壬胺（經氨化氫化）、壬醇（經加壓氫化）和壬酸酯類增塑劑等產品。
</p><p>此外，壬酸在農業上可用做除草劑，對雜草幼苗的防治效果佳，且具有不受雨水淋洗而影響藥效、分解快速不易殘留等優點。</p>
<h2><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E8.B5.84.E6.96.99"></span><span id="参考资料">參考資料</span></h2>

<!-- 
NewPP limit report
Parsed by mw2321
Cached time: 20230505061814
Cache expiry: 1814400
Reduced expiry: false
Complications: [show‐toc]
CPU time usage: 0.303 seconds
Real time usage: 0.502 seconds
Preprocessor visited node count: 4086/1000000
Post‐expand include size: 113782/2097152 bytes
Template argument size: 16270/2097152 bytes
Highest expansion depth: 31/100
Expensive parser function count: 9/500
Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20
Unstrip post‐expand size: 3852/5000000 bytes
Lua time usage: 0.098/10.000 seconds
Lua memory usage: 4491341/52428800 bytes
Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400
--><!--
Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)
100.00%  363.439      1 -total
 58.27%  211.758      1 Template:Chembox
 21.29%   77.358     66 Template:Chembox_entry
 19.31%   70.198      1 Template:Chembox_Identifiers
 17.70%   64.317      1 Template:Reflist
 17.25%   62.694      1 Template:Authority_control
 11.10%   40.347      1 Template:Cite_book
  9.96%   36.210      1 Template:Chembox_NameEn
  9.95%   36.174      1 Template:Chembox_Hazards
  9.59%   34.867      1 Template:Chembox_Properties
-->
**壬酸**是九個碳的直鏈羧酸，結構式 CH3(CH2)7COOH。

## 性質

純品為無色微有特殊氣味的油狀液體，工業品常呈淡黃色。有腐蝕性。不溶於水，溶於乙醇、乙醚和氯仿。

## 製備

1、由油酸被硝酸或臭氧氧化而得。

2、1 - 辛烯與合成氣經羰基化得到壬醛，後者在空氣作用下被氧化為壬酸。

　
: $\ H_{2}C\!=\!CH(CH_{2})_{5}CH_{3}+CO+H_{2}\rightarrow CH_{3}(CH_{2})_{7}CHO$ $\ \rightarrow CH_{3}(CH_{2})_{7}COOH$

## 用途

用作有機合成中間體，用於製取壬二酸（經氧化）、壬胺（經氨化氫化）、壬醇（經加壓氫化）和壬酸酯類增塑劑等產品。

此外，壬酸在農業上可用做除草劑，對雜草幼苗的防治效果佳，且具有不受雨水淋洗而影響藥效、分解快速不易殘留等優點。

## 參考資料
112-05-0