<p><b>四氧化三鐵</b>是鐵的氧化物，化學式為Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>，有時被寫成FeO·Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>。
</p>


<h2><span id=".E5.88.B6.E5.A4.87"></span><span id="制备">製備</span></h2>
<ul><li>自然界中存在於磁鐵礦中，含有各種雜質。</li></ul><ul><li>在氧氣中燃燒鐵粉：</li></ul><dl><dd><span><span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {3Fe + 2O2 -&gt;[{150 - 600 °C}] Fe3O4}}}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <mn>3</mn>
          <mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
          <mtext>Fe</mtext>
          <mo>+</mo>
          <mn>2</mn>
          <mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
          <msubsup>
            <mtext>O</mtext>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>2</mn>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em"></mspace>
            </mrow>
          </msubsup>
          <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL">
            <mover>
              <mo>→</mo>
              <mpadded width="+0.611em" lspace="0.278em" voffset=".15em">
                <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                  <mn>150</mn>
                  <mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
                  <mn>600</mn>
                  <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                    <mo>°</mo>
                  </mrow>
                  <mi>C</mi>
                </mrow>
              </mpadded>
            </mover>
          </mrow>
          <msubsup>
            <mtext>Fe</mtext>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>3</mn>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em"></mspace>
            </mrow>
          </msubsup>
          <msubsup>
            <mtext>O</mtext>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>4</mn>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em"></mspace>
            </mrow>
          </msubsup>
        </mrow>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {3Fe + 2O2 -&gt;[{150 - 600 °C}] Fe3O4}}}</annotation>
  </semantics></math></span></span></dd></dl><ul><li>鐵與水蒸汽高溫反應：</li></ul><dl><dd><span><span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {3Fe + 4H2O -&gt;[{800 °C}] Fe3O4 + 4H2 (^)}}}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <mn>3</mn>
          <mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
          <mtext>Fe</mtext>
          <mo>+</mo>
          <mn>4</mn>
          <mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
          <msubsup>
            <mtext>H</mtext>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>2</mn>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em"></mspace>
            </mrow>
          </msubsup>
          <mtext>O</mtext>
          <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL">
            <mover>
              <mo>→</mo>
              <mpadded width="+0.611em" lspace="0.278em" voffset=".15em">
                <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                  <mn>800</mn>
                  <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                    <mo>°</mo>
                  </mrow>
                  <mi>C</mi>
                </mrow>
              </mpadded>
            </mover>
          </mrow>
          <msubsup>
            <mtext>Fe</mtext>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>3</mn>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em"></mspace>
            </mrow>
          </msubsup>
          <msubsup>
            <mtext>O</mtext>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>4</mn>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em"></mspace>
            </mrow>
          </msubsup>
          <mo>+</mo>
          <mn>4</mn>
          <mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
          <msubsup>
            <mtext>H</mtext>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>2</mn>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em"></mspace>
            </mrow>
          </msubsup>
          <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
            <mo stretchy="false">↑<!-- ↑ --></mo>
          </mrow>
        </mrow>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {3Fe + 4H2O -&gt;[{800 °C}] Fe3O4 + 4H2 (^)}}}</annotation>
  </semantics></math></span></span></dd></dl><ul><li>鐵與二氧化氮加熱反應：</li></ul><dl><dd><span><span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {3Fe + 2NO_2 -&gt;[\Delta] Fe3O4 + N2 (^)}}}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <mn>3</mn>
          <mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
          <mtext>Fe</mtext>
          <mo>+</mo>
          <mn>2</mn>
          <mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
          <msubsup>
            <mtext>NO</mtext>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>2</mn>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em"></mspace>
            </mrow>
          </msubsup>
          <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL">
            <mover>
              <mo>→</mo>
              <mpadded width="+0.611em" lspace="0.278em" voffset=".15em">
                <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ<!-- Δ --></mi>
              </mpadded>
            </mover>
          </mrow>
          <msubsup>
            <mtext>Fe</mtext>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>3</mn>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em"></mspace>
            </mrow>
          </msubsup>
          <msubsup>
            <mtext>O</mtext>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>4</mn>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em"></mspace>
            </mrow>
          </msubsup>
          <mo>+</mo>
          <msubsup>
            <mtext>N</mtext>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>2</mn>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em"></mspace>
            </mrow>
          </msubsup>
          <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
            <mo stretchy="false">↑<!-- ↑ --></mo>
          </mrow>
        </mrow>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {3Fe + 2NO_2 -&gt;[\Delta] Fe3O4 + N2 (^)}}}</annotation>
  </semantics></math></span></span></dd></dl><ul><li>氧化鐵與氫氣反應：</li></ul><dl><dd><span><span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {3Fe2O3 + H_2 -&gt;[{400 °C}] 2Fe3O4 + H2O}}}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <mn>3</mn>
          <mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
          <msubsup>
            <mtext>Fe</mtext>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>2</mn>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em"></mspace>
            </mrow>
          </msubsup>
          <msubsup>
            <mtext>O</mtext>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>3</mn>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em"></mspace>
            </mrow>
          </msubsup>
          <mo>+</mo>
          <msubsup>
            <mtext>H</mtext>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>2</mn>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em"></mspace>
            </mrow>
          </msubsup>
          <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL">
            <mover>
              <mo>→</mo>
              <mpadded width="+0.611em" lspace="0.278em" voffset=".15em">
                <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                  <mn>400</mn>
                  <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                    <mo>°</mo>
                  </mrow>
                  <mi>C</mi>
                </mrow>
              </mpadded>
            </mover>
          </mrow>
          <mn>2</mn>
          <mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
          <msubsup>
            <mtext>Fe</mtext>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>3</mn>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em"></mspace>
            </mrow>
          </msubsup>
          <msubsup>
            <mtext>O</mtext>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>4</mn>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em"></mspace>
            </mrow>
          </msubsup>
          <mo>+</mo>
          <msubsup>
            <mtext>H</mtext>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>2</mn>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em"></mspace>
            </mrow>
          </msubsup>
          <mtext>O</mtext>
        </mrow>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {3Fe2O3 + H_2 -&gt;[{400 °C}] 2Fe3O4 + H2O}}}</annotation>
  </semantics></math></span></span></dd></dl><h2><span id=".E7.89.A9.E7.90.86.E6.80.A7.E8.B4.A8"></span><span id="物理性质">物理性質</span></h2>
<p>黑色立方晶體，空間群<i><b>F d3m</b></i>，其中<i>a</i> = 0.844 nm，Z = 8。
</p><p>627 °C時，α-型四氧化三鐵轉化為β-型四氧化三鐵。居禮溫度 858 K。具有高導電性。硬度5.6-6.5。
</p><p>水合物化學式為Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>·2H<sub>2</sub>O。
</p><p>四氧化三鐵中含有Fe<sup>2+</sup>和Fe<sup>3+</sup>，X射線繞射實驗表明，四氧化三鐵具有反式尖晶石結構，晶體中並不存在偏鐵酸根離子FeO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>。</p>
<h2><span id=".E5.8C.96.E5.AD.A6.E6.80.A7.E8.B4.A8"></span><span id="化学性质">化學性質</span></h2>
<ul><li>加熱分解：</li></ul><dl><dd><span><span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 2F{{e}_{3}}{{O}_{4}}{\overset {1538{\text{°C}}}{=\!=\!=\!=\!=}}\ 6FeO+{{O}_{2}}\uparrow }">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
        <mn>2</mn>
        <mi>F</mi>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msub>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mi>e</mi>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>3</mn>
            </mrow>
          </msub>
        </mrow>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msub>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mi>O</mi>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>4</mn>
            </mrow>
          </msub>
        </mrow>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <mover>
            <mrow>
              <mo>=</mo>
              <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
              <mo>=</mo>
              <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
              <mo>=</mo>
              <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
              <mo>=</mo>
              <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
              <mo>=</mo>
            </mrow>
            <mrow>
              <mn>1538</mn>
              <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                <mtext>°C</mtext>
              </mrow>
            </mrow>
          </mover>
        </mrow>
        <mtext> </mtext>
        <mn>6</mn>
        <mi>F</mi>
        <mi>e</mi>
        <mi>O</mi>
        <mo>+</mo>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msub>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mi>O</mi>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>2</mn>
            </mrow>
          </msub>
        </mrow>
        <mo stretchy="false">↑<!-- ↑ --></mo>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 2F{{e}_{3}}{{O}_{4}}{\overset {1538{\text{°C}}}{=\!=\!=\!=\!=}}\ 6FeO+{{O}_{2}}\uparrow }</annotation>
  </semantics></math></span></span></dd></dl><ul><li>與稀鹽酸反應：</li></ul><dl><dd><span><span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle F{{e}_{3}}{{O}_{4}}+8HCl{=\!=\!=}\ FeC{{l}_{2}}+2FeC{{l}_{3}}+4{{H}_{2}}O}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
        <mi>F</mi>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msub>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mi>e</mi>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>3</mn>
            </mrow>
          </msub>
        </mrow>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msub>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mi>O</mi>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>4</mn>
            </mrow>
          </msub>
        </mrow>
        <mo>+</mo>
        <mn>8</mn>
        <mi>H</mi>
        <mi>C</mi>
        <mi>l</mi>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <mo>=</mo>
          <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
          <mo>=</mo>
          <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
          <mo>=</mo>
        </mrow>
        <mtext> </mtext>
        <mi>F</mi>
        <mi>e</mi>
        <mi>C</mi>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msub>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mi>l</mi>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>2</mn>
            </mrow>
          </msub>
        </mrow>
        <mo>+</mo>
        <mn>2</mn>
        <mi>F</mi>
        <mi>e</mi>
        <mi>C</mi>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msub>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mi>l</mi>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>3</mn>
            </mrow>
          </msub>
        </mrow>
        <mo>+</mo>
        <mn>4</mn>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msub>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mi>H</mi>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>2</mn>
            </mrow>
          </msub>
        </mrow>
        <mi>O</mi>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle F{{e}_{3}}{{O}_{4}}+8HCl{=\!=\!=}\ FeC{{l}_{2}}+2FeC{{l}_{3}}+4{{H}_{2}}O}</annotation>
  </semantics></math></span></span></dd></dl><ul><li>與濃氧化性酸反應：</li></ul><dl><dd><span><span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle F{{e}_{3}}{{O}_{4}}+10HN{{O}_{3}}{=\!=\!=}\ 3Fe{{(N{{O}_{3}})}_{3}}+N{{O}_{2}}\uparrow +5{{H}_{2}}O}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
        <mi>F</mi>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msub>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mi>e</mi>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>3</mn>
            </mrow>
          </msub>
        </mrow>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msub>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mi>O</mi>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>4</mn>
            </mrow>
          </msub>
        </mrow>
        <mo>+</mo>
        <mn>10</mn>
        <mi>H</mi>
        <mi>N</mi>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msub>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mi>O</mi>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>3</mn>
            </mrow>
          </msub>
        </mrow>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <mo>=</mo>
          <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
          <mo>=</mo>
          <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
          <mo>=</mo>
        </mrow>
        <mtext> </mtext>
        <mn>3</mn>
        <mi>F</mi>
        <mi>e</mi>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msub>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
              <mi>N</mi>
              <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                <msub>
                  <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                    <mi>O</mi>
                  </mrow>
                  <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                    <mn>3</mn>
                  </mrow>
                </msub>
              </mrow>
              <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>3</mn>
            </mrow>
          </msub>
        </mrow>
        <mo>+</mo>
        <mi>N</mi>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msub>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mi>O</mi>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>2</mn>
            </mrow>
          </msub>
        </mrow>
        <mo stretchy="false">↑<!-- ↑ --></mo>
        <mo>+</mo>
        <mn>5</mn>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msub>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mi>H</mi>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>2</mn>
            </mrow>
          </msub>
        </mrow>
        <mi>O</mi>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle F{{e}_{3}}{{O}_{4}}+10HN{{O}_{3}}{=\!=\!=}\ 3Fe{{(N{{O}_{3}})}_{3}}+N{{O}_{2}}\uparrow +5{{H}_{2}}O}</annotation>
  </semantics></math></span></span></dd></dl><ul><li>與熔融鹼反應：</li></ul><dl><dd><span><span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle F{{e}_{3}}{{O}_{4}}+14NaOH{\overset {400{\text{-}}500{\text{°C}}}{=\!=\!=\!=\!=\!=\!=}}\ :N{{a}_{4}}Fe{{O}_{3}}+2N{{a}_{5}}Fe{{O}_{4}}+7{{H}_{2}}O}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
        <mi>F</mi>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msub>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mi>e</mi>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>3</mn>
            </mrow>
          </msub>
        </mrow>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msub>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mi>O</mi>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>4</mn>
            </mrow>
          </msub>
        </mrow>
        <mo>+</mo>
        <mn>14</mn>
        <mi>N</mi>
        <mi>a</mi>
        <mi>O</mi>
        <mi>H</mi>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <mover>
            <mrow>
              <mo>=</mo>
              <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
              <mo>=</mo>
              <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
              <mo>=</mo>
              <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
              <mo>=</mo>
              <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
              <mo>=</mo>
              <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
              <mo>=</mo>
              <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
              <mo>=</mo>
            </mrow>
            <mrow>
              <mn>400</mn>
              <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                <mtext>-</mtext>
              </mrow>
              <mn>500</mn>
              <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                <mtext>°C</mtext>
              </mrow>
            </mrow>
          </mover>
        </mrow>
        <mtext> </mtext>
        <mo>:</mo>
        <mi>N</mi>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msub>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mi>a</mi>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>4</mn>
            </mrow>
          </msub>
        </mrow>
        <mi>F</mi>
        <mi>e</mi>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msub>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mi>O</mi>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>3</mn>
            </mrow>
          </msub>
        </mrow>
        <mo>+</mo>
        <mn>2</mn>
        <mi>N</mi>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msub>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mi>a</mi>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>5</mn>
            </mrow>
          </msub>
        </mrow>
        <mi>F</mi>
        <mi>e</mi>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msub>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mi>O</mi>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>4</mn>
            </mrow>
          </msub>
        </mrow>
        <mo>+</mo>
        <mn>7</mn>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msub>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mi>H</mi>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>2</mn>
            </mrow>
          </msub>
        </mrow>
        <mi>O</mi>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle F{{e}_{3}}{{O}_{4}}+14NaOH{\overset {400{\text{-}}500{\text{°C}}}{=\!=\!=\!=\!=\!=\!=}}\ :N{{a}_{4}}Fe{{O}_{3}}+2N{{a}_{5}}Fe{{O}_{4}}+7{{H}_{2}}O}</annotation>
  </semantics></math></span></span></dd></dl><ul><li>空氣中加熱，被氧氣氧化：</li></ul><dl><dd><span><span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 4F{{e}_{3}}{{O}_{4}}+{{O}_{2}}{\overset {450{\text{-}}600{\text{°C}}}{=\!=\!=\!=\!=\!=\!=}}\ 6F{{e}_{2}}{{O}_{3}}}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
        <mn>4</mn>
        <mi>F</mi>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msub>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mi>e</mi>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>3</mn>
            </mrow>
          </msub>
        </mrow>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msub>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mi>O</mi>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>4</mn>
            </mrow>
          </msub>
        </mrow>
        <mo>+</mo>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msub>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mi>O</mi>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>2</mn>
            </mrow>
          </msub>
        </mrow>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <mover>
            <mrow>
              <mo>=</mo>
              <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
              <mo>=</mo>
              <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
              <mo>=</mo>
              <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
              <mo>=</mo>
              <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
              <mo>=</mo>
              <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
              <mo>=</mo>
              <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
              <mo>=</mo>
            </mrow>
            <mrow>
              <mn>450</mn>
              <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                <mtext>-</mtext>
              </mrow>
              <mn>600</mn>
              <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                <mtext>°C</mtext>
              </mrow>
            </mrow>
          </mover>
        </mrow>
        <mtext> </mtext>
        <mn>6</mn>
        <mi>F</mi>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msub>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mi>e</mi>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>2</mn>
            </mrow>
          </msub>
        </mrow>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msub>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mi>O</mi>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>3</mn>
            </mrow>
          </msub>
        </mrow>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 4F{{e}_{3}}{{O}_{4}}+{{O}_{2}}{\overset {450{\text{-}}600{\text{°C}}}{=\!=\!=\!=\!=\!=\!=}}\ 6F{{e}_{2}}{{O}_{3}}}</annotation>
  </semantics></math></span></span></dd></dl><ul><li>被氫、一氧化碳和鋁還原：</li></ul><dl><dd><span><span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}&amp;F{{e}_{3}}{{O}_{4}}+4{{H}_{2}}{\overset {1000{\text{°C}}}{=\!=\!=\!=}}\ 3Fe+4{{H}_{2}}O\\&amp;F{{e}_{3}}{{O}_{4}}+4CO{\overset {700{\text{°C}}}{=\!=\!=\!=}}\ 3Fe+4C{{O}_{2}}\\&amp;3F{{e}_{3}}{{O}_{4}}+8Al{\overset {\Delta }{=\!=\!=}}\ 9Fe+4A{{l}_{2}}{{O}_{3}}\\\end{aligned}}}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <mtable columnalign="right left right left right left right left right left right left" rowspacing="3pt" columnspacing="0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em" displaystyle="true">
            <mtr>
              <mtd></mtd>
              <mtd>
                <mi>F</mi>
                <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                  <msub>
                    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                      <mi>e</mi>
                    </mrow>
                    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                      <mn>3</mn>
                    </mrow>
                  </msub>
                </mrow>
                <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                  <msub>
                    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                      <mi>O</mi>
                    </mrow>
                    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                      <mn>4</mn>
                    </mrow>
                  </msub>
                </mrow>
                <mo>+</mo>
                <mn>4</mn>
                <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                  <msub>
                    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                      <mi>H</mi>
                    </mrow>
                    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                      <mn>2</mn>
                    </mrow>
                  </msub>
                </mrow>
                <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                  <mover>
                    <mrow>
                      <mo>=</mo>
                      <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
                      <mo>=</mo>
                      <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
                      <mo>=</mo>
                      <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
                      <mo>=</mo>
                    </mrow>
                    <mrow>
                      <mn>1000</mn>
                      <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                        <mtext>°C</mtext>
                      </mrow>
                    </mrow>
                  </mover>
                </mrow>
                <mtext> </mtext>
                <mn>3</mn>
                <mi>F</mi>
                <mi>e</mi>
                <mo>+</mo>
                <mn>4</mn>
                <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                  <msub>
                    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                      <mi>H</mi>
                    </mrow>
                    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                      <mn>2</mn>
                    </mrow>
                  </msub>
                </mrow>
                <mi>O</mi>
              </mtd>
            </mtr>
            <mtr>
              <mtd></mtd>
              <mtd>
                <mi>F</mi>
                <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                  <msub>
                    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                      <mi>e</mi>
                    </mrow>
                    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                      <mn>3</mn>
                    </mrow>
                  </msub>
                </mrow>
                <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                  <msub>
                    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                      <mi>O</mi>
                    </mrow>
                    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                      <mn>4</mn>
                    </mrow>
                  </msub>
                </mrow>
                <mo>+</mo>
                <mn>4</mn>
                <mi>C</mi>
                <mi>O</mi>
                <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                  <mover>
                    <mrow>
                      <mo>=</mo>
                      <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
                      <mo>=</mo>
                      <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
                      <mo>=</mo>
                      <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
                      <mo>=</mo>
                    </mrow>
                    <mrow>
                      <mn>700</mn>
                      <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                        <mtext>°C</mtext>
                      </mrow>
                    </mrow>
                  </mover>
                </mrow>
                <mtext> </mtext>
                <mn>3</mn>
                <mi>F</mi>
                <mi>e</mi>
                <mo>+</mo>
                <mn>4</mn>
                <mi>C</mi>
                <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                  <msub>
                    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                      <mi>O</mi>
                    </mrow>
                    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                      <mn>2</mn>
                    </mrow>
                  </msub>
                </mrow>
              </mtd>
            </mtr>
            <mtr>
              <mtd></mtd>
              <mtd>
                <mn>3</mn>
                <mi>F</mi>
                <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                  <msub>
                    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                      <mi>e</mi>
                    </mrow>
                    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                      <mn>3</mn>
                    </mrow>
                  </msub>
                </mrow>
                <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                  <msub>
                    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                      <mi>O</mi>
                    </mrow>
                    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                      <mn>4</mn>
                    </mrow>
                  </msub>
                </mrow>
                <mo>+</mo>
                <mn>8</mn>
                <mi>A</mi>
                <mi>l</mi>
                <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                  <mover>
                    <mrow>
                      <mo>=</mo>
                      <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
                      <mo>=</mo>
                      <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
                      <mo>=</mo>
                    </mrow>
                    <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ<!-- Δ --></mi>
                  </mover>
                </mrow>
                <mtext> </mtext>
                <mn>9</mn>
                <mi>F</mi>
                <mi>e</mi>
                <mo>+</mo>
                <mn>4</mn>
                <mi>A</mi>
                <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                  <msub>
                    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                      <mi>l</mi>
                    </mrow>
                    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                      <mn>2</mn>
                    </mrow>
                  </msub>
                </mrow>
                <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                  <msub>
                    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                      <mi>O</mi>
                    </mrow>
                    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                      <mn>3</mn>
                    </mrow>
                  </msub>
                </mrow>
              </mtd>
            </mtr>
          </mtable>
        </mrow>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}&amp;F{{e}_{3}}{{O}_{4}}+4{{H}_{2}}{\overset {1000{\text{°C}}}{=\!=\!=\!=}}\ 3Fe+4{{H}_{2}}O\\&amp;F{{e}_{3}}{{O}_{4}}+4CO{\overset {700{\text{°C}}}{=\!=\!=\!=}}\ 3Fe+4C{{O}_{2}}\\&amp;3F{{e}_{3}}{{O}_{4}}+8Al{\overset {\Delta }{=\!=\!=}}\ 9Fe+4A{{l}_{2}}{{O}_{3}}\\\end{aligned}}}</annotation>
  </semantics></math></span></span></dd>
<dd></dd></dl><ul><li>與鐵歸中：</li></ul><dl><dd><span><span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle F{{e}_{3}}{{O}_{4}}+Fe{\overset {900{\text{-}}1000{\text{°C}}}{=\!=\!=\!=\!=\!=\!=}}\ 4FeO}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
        <mi>F</mi>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msub>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mi>e</mi>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>3</mn>
            </mrow>
          </msub>
        </mrow>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msub>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mi>O</mi>
            </mrow>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>4</mn>
            </mrow>
          </msub>
        </mrow>
        <mo>+</mo>
        <mi>F</mi>
        <mi>e</mi>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <mover>
            <mrow>
              <mo>=</mo>
              <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
              <mo>=</mo>
              <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
              <mo>=</mo>
              <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
              <mo>=</mo>
              <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
              <mo>=</mo>
              <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
              <mo>=</mo>
              <mspace width="negativethinmathspace"></mspace>
              <mo>=</mo>
            </mrow>
            <mrow>
              <mn>900</mn>
              <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                <mtext>-</mtext>
              </mrow>
              <mn>1000</mn>
              <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
                <mtext>°C</mtext>
              </mrow>
            </mrow>
          </mover>
        </mrow>
        <mtext> </mtext>
        <mn>4</mn>
        <mi>F</mi>
        <mi>e</mi>
        <mi>O</mi>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle F{{e}_{3}}{{O}_{4}}+Fe{\overset {900{\text{-}}1000{\text{°C}}}{=\!=\!=\!=\!=\!=\!=}}\ 4FeO}</annotation>
  </semantics></math></span></span></dd></dl><h2><span id=".E5.BA.94.E7.94.A8"></span><span id="应用">應用</span></h2>
<p>製作特殊電極。
</p>
<h2><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.A7.81"></span><span id="参见">參見</span></h2>
<ul><li>磁鐵礦</li></ul><h2><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E8.B5.84.E6.96.99"></span><span id="参考资料">參考資料</span></h2>

<ul><li><cite class="citation book">Редкол.: Кнунянц И.Л. и др. (編). Химическая энциклопедия. 2. М.: Советская энциклопедия. 1990: 671. <span title="國際標準書號">ISBN</span> 5-82270-035-5.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9B%9B%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E4%B8%89%E9%93%81&amp;rft.au=%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB.%3A+%D0%9A%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%86+%D0%98.%D0%9B.+%D0%B8+%D0%B4%D1%80.&amp;rft.btitle=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F&amp;rft.date=1990&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=5-82270-035-5&amp;rft.pages=671&amp;rft.place=%D0%9C.&amp;rft.pub=%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F&amp;rft.series=2&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite class="citation book">Редкол.: Никольский Б.П. и др. (編). Справочник химика. 1 2-е изд., испр. М.-Л.: Химия. 1966: 1072.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9B%9B%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E4%B8%89%E9%93%81&amp;rft.au=%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB.%3A+%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%91.%D0%9F.+%D0%B8+%D0%B4%D1%80.&amp;rft.btitle=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA+%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&amp;rft.date=1966&amp;rft.edition=2-%D0%B5+%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4.%2C+%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%80&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.pages=1072&amp;rft.place=%D0%9C.-%D0%9B.&amp;rft.pub=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F&amp;rft.series=1&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite class="citation book">Редкол.: Никольский Б.П. и др. (編). Справочник химика. 2 3-е изд., испр. Л.: Химия. 1971: 1168.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9B%9B%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E4%B8%89%E9%93%81&amp;rft.au=%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB.%3A+%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%91.%D0%9F.+%D0%B8+%D0%B4%D1%80.&amp;rft.btitle=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA+%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&amp;rft.date=1971&amp;rft.edition=3-%D0%B5+%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4.%2C+%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%80&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.pages=1168&amp;rft.place=%D0%9B.&amp;rft.pub=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F&amp;rft.series=2&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite class="citation book">Лидин Р.А. и др. Химические свойства неорганических веществ: Учеб. пособие для вузов 3-е изд., испр. М.: Химия. 2000: 480. <span title="國際標準書號">ISBN</span> 5-7245-1163-0.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9B%9B%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E4%B8%89%E9%93%81&amp;rft.au=%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD+%D0%A0.%D0%90.+%D0%B8+%D0%B4%D1%80.&amp;rft.btitle=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5+%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0+%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85+%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%3A+%D0%A3%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%B1.+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B5+%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F+%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2&amp;rft.date=2000&amp;rft.edition=3-%D0%B5+%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4.%2C+%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%80&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=5-7245-1163-0&amp;rft.pages=480&amp;rft.place=%D0%9C.&amp;rft.pub=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite class="citation book">Рипан Р., Четяну И. Неорганическая химия. Химия металлов. 2. М.: Мир. 1972: 871.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9B%9B%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E4%B8%89%E9%93%81&amp;rft.au=%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD+%D0%A0.%2C+%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%83+%D0%98.&amp;rft.btitle=%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F.+%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2&amp;rft.date=1972&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.pages=871&amp;rft.place=%D0%9C.&amp;rft.pub=%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%80&amp;rft.series=2&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"><span> </span></span></li></ul><!-- 
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**四氧化三鐵**是鐵的氧化物，化學式為 Fe3O4，有時被寫成 FeO・Fe2O3。

## 製備

* 自然界中存在於磁鐵礦中，含有各種雜質。
* 在氧氣中燃燒鐵粉：

　
: ${\ce {3Fe + 2O2 ->[{150 - 600 °C}] Fe3O4}}$

* 鐵與水蒸汽高溫反應：

　
: ${\ce {3Fe + 4H2O ->[{800 °C}] Fe3O4 + 4H2 (^)}}$

* 鐵與二氧化氮加熱反應：

　
: ${\ce {3Fe + 2NO_2 ->[\Delta] Fe3O4 + N2 (^)}}$

* 氧化鐵與氫氣反應：

　
: ${\ce {3Fe2O3 + H_2 ->[{400 °C}] 2Fe3O4 + H2O}}$

## 物理性質

黑色立方晶體，空間群_**F d3m**_，其中 _a_ = 0.844 nm，Z = 8。

627 °C 時，α- 型四氧化三鐵轉化為 β- 型四氧化三鐵。居禮溫度 858 K。具有高導電性。硬度 5.6-6.5。

水合物化學式為 Fe3O4·2H2O。

四氧化三鐵中含有 Fe2+ 和 Fe3+，X 射線繞射實驗表明，四氧化三鐵具有反式尖晶石結構，晶體中並不存在偏鐵酸根離子 FeO2-。

## 化學性質

* 加熱分解：

　
: $2F{{e}_{3}}{{O}_{4}}{\overset {1538{\text{°C}}}{=\!=\!=\!=\!=}}\ 6FeO+{{O}_{2}}\uparrow $

* 與稀鹽酸反應：

　
: $F{{e}_{3}}{{O}_{4}}+8HCl{=\!=\!=}\ FeC{{l}_{2}}+2FeC{{l}_{3}}+4{{H}_{2}}O$

* 與濃氧化性酸反應：

　
: $F{{e}_{3}}{{O}_{4}}+10HN{{O}_{3}}{=\!=\!=}\ 3Fe{{(N{{O}_{3}})}_{3}}+N{{O}_{2}}\uparrow +5{{H}_{2}}O$

* 與熔融鹼反應：

　
: $F{{e}_{3}}{{O}_{4}}+14NaOH{\overset {400{\text{-}}500{\text{°C}}}{=\!=\!=\!=\!=\!=\!=}}\ :N{{a}_{4}}Fe{{O}_{3}}+2N{{a}_{5}}Fe{{O}_{4}}+7{{H}_{2}}O$

* 空氣中加熱，被氧氣氧化：

　
: $4F{{e}_{3}}{{O}_{4}}+{{O}_{2}}{\overset {450{\text{-}}600{\text{°C}}}{=\!=\!=\!=\!=\!=\!=}}\ 6F{{e}_{2}}{{O}_{3}}$

* 被氫、一氧化碳和鋁還原：

　
: ${\begin{aligned}&F{{e}_{3}}{{O}_{4}}+4{{H}_{2}}{\overset {1000{\text{°C}}}{=\!=\!=\!=}}\ 3Fe+4{{H}_{2}}O\\&F{{e}_{3}}{{O}_{4}}+4CO{\overset {700{\text{°C}}}{=\!=\!=\!=}}\ 3Fe+4C{{O}_{2}}\\&3F{{e}_{3}}{{O}_{4}}+8Al{\overset {\Delta }{=\!=\!=}}\ 9Fe+4A{{l}_{2}}{{O}_{3}}\\\end{aligned}}$

　
:

* 與鐵歸中：

　
: $F{{e}_{3}}{{O}_{4}}+Fe{\overset {900{\text{-}}1000{\text{°C}}}{=\!=\!=\!=\!=\!=\!=}}\ 4FeO$

## 應用

製作特殊電極。

## 參見

* 磁鐵礦

## 參考資料

* Редкол.: Кнунянц И.Л. и др. (編). Химическая энциклопедия. 2. М.: Советская энциклопедия. 1990: 671. ISBN 5-82270-035-5.
* Редкол.: Никольский Б.П. и др. (編). Справочник химика. 1 2-е изд., испр. М.-Л.: Химия. 1966: 1072.
* Редкол.: Никольский Б.П. и др. (編). Справочник химика. 2 3-е изд., испр. Л.: Химия. 1971: 1168.
* Лидин Р.А. и др. Химические свойства неорганических веществ: Учеб. пособие для вузов 3-е изд., испр. М.: Химия. 2000: 480. ISBN 5-7245-1163-0.
* Рипан Р., Четяну И. Неорганическая химия. Химия металлов. 2. М.: Мир. 1972: 871.
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