<p><b>硫化硼</b>是一種無機化合物，化學式為B<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub>。它曾在「高科技」玻璃與製備有機硫化合物方面受到重視。和硫化矽、硫化磷一樣，硫化硼可以和水（或者潮濕的空氣）反應，放出硫化氫。因此，硫化硼必須儲存在無水環境中。
</p><p>和氧化硼一樣，硫化硼和其他硫化物（如P<sub>4</sub>S<sub>10</sub>）混合時，形成玻璃。與傳統的硼矽玻璃相比，這類玻璃可以吸收低頻的紅外線的能量。
</p><p>硫化硼可以將酮轉化為相應的硫酮。例如，二苯甲酮轉化為二苯甲硫酮的過程如下:
</p>
<dl><dd><span>B<span><br>2</span>S<span><br>3</span></span> + 3 <span>(C<span><br>6</span>H<span><br>5</span>)<span><br>2</span>C=O</span> → <span>B<span><br>2</span>O<span><br>3</span></span> + 3 <span>(C<span><br>6</span>H<span><br>5</span>)<span><br>2</span>C=S</span></dd></dl><p>根據實踐，B<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub>有很高的實用價值。</p>


<h2><span id=".E5.88.B6.E5.A4.87"></span><span id="制备">製備</span></h2>
<p>第一次硫化硼的合成是由Jöns Jakob Berzelius在1824年，通過無定形硼與硫蒸汽的直接化合得到。</p>
<dl><dd><dl><dd><span><span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathsf {2B+3S\ {\xrightarrow {\ }}\ B_{2}S_{3}}}}">
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    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mathsf {2B+3S\ {\xrightarrow {\ }}\ B_{2}S_{3}}}}</annotation>
  </semantics></math></span></span></dd></dl></dd></dl><p>Friedrich Wöhler和Henri Etienne Sainte-Claire Deville則在1858年用了另一種合成方法來製備硫化硼，他們用硼和硫化氫的反應來製備。</p>
<dl><dd><dl><dd><span><span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathsf {2B+3H_{2}S\ {\xrightarrow {\ }}\ B_{2}S_{3}+3H_{2}}}}">
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    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mathsf {2B+3H_{2}S\ {\xrightarrow {\ }}\ B_{2}S_{3}+3H_{2}}}}</annotation>
  </semantics></math></span></span></dd></dl></dd></dl><p>除了以上方法外，B<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub>還可以通過鐵或者錳的硼化物與硫化氫在300℃反應得到。</p>
<dl><dd><dl><dd><span><span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathsf {2FeB+4H_{2}S\ {\xrightarrow {\ }}\ B_{2}S_{3}+FeS+4H_{2}}}}">
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  </semantics></math></span></span></dd>
<dd><span><span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathsf {2MnB+4H_{2}S\ {\xrightarrow {\ }}\ B_{2}S_{3}+MnS+4H_{2}}}}">
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  </semantics></math></span></span></dd></dl></dd></dl><p>二硫化碳在930℃作用於硼單質也可產生硫化硼：
</p>
<dl><dd><dl><dd><span><span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathsf {4B+3CS_{2}\ {\xrightarrow {930^{o}C}}\ 2B_{2}S_{3}+3C}}}">
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    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mathsf {4B+3CS_{2}\ {\xrightarrow {930^{o}C}}\ 2B_{2}S_{3}+3C}}}</annotation>
  </semantics></math></span></span></dd></dl></dd></dl><h2><span id=".E7.89.A9.E7.90.86.E6.80.A7.E8.B4.A8"></span><span id="物理性质">物理性質</span></h2>
<p>硫化硼是一種白色晶體或無定形的粉末，加熱變粘稠。微溶於三氯化磷和二氯化硫。
</p>
<h2><span id=".E5.8C.96.E5.AD.A6.E6.80.A7.E8.B4.A8"></span><span id="化学性质">化學性質</span></h2>
<p>硫化硼極易水解，也易醇解：
</p>
<dl><dd><dl><dd><span><span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathsf {B_{2}S_{3}+6H_{2}O\ {\xrightarrow {\ }}\ 2H_{3}BO_{3}+3H_{2}S\uparrow }}}">
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  </semantics></math></span></span></dd></dl></dd></dl><p>其水解在潮濕空氣中便可發生。
</p><p>硫化硼也能還原氧化性的酸：
</p>
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    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mathsf {B_{2}S_{3}+24HNO_{3}\ {\xrightarrow {100^{o}C}}\ 2H_{3}BO_{3}+3H_{2}SO_{4}+24NO_{2}\uparrow +6H_{2}O}}}</annotation>
  </semantics></math></span></span></dd></dl></dd></dl><h2><span id=".E5.BA.94.E7.94.A8"></span><span id="应用">應用</span></h2>
<p>硫化硼可以應用於有機合成。也能用作核反應爐的控制棒。
</p>
<h2><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E8.B5.84.E6.96.99"></span><span id="参考资料">參考資料</span></h2>

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**硫化硼**是一種無機化合物，化學式為 B2S3。它曾在「高科技」玻璃與製備有機硫化合物方面受到重視。和硫化矽、硫化磷一樣，硫化硼可以和水（或者潮濕的空氣）反應，放出硫化氫。因此，硫化硼必須儲存在無水環境中。

和氧化硼一樣，硫化硼和其他硫化物（如 P4S10）混合時，形成玻璃。與傳統的硼矽玻璃相比，這類玻璃可以吸收低頻的紅外線的能量。

硫化硼可以將酮轉化為相應的硫酮。例如，二苯甲酮轉化為二苯甲硫酮的過程如下:

　
: B 
2S 
3 + 3 (C 
6H 
5) 
2C=O → B 
2O 
3 + 3 (C 
6H 
5) 
2C=S

根據實踐，B2S3 有很高的實用價值。

## 製備

第一次硫化硼的合成是由 Jöns Jakob Berzelius 在 1824 年，通過無定形硼與硫蒸汽的直接化合得到。

　
: : ${\mathsf {2B+3S\ {\xrightarrow {\ }}\ B_{2}S_{3}}}$

Friedrich Wöhler 和 Henri Etienne Sainte-Claire Deville 則在 1858 年用了另一種合成方法來製備硫化硼，他們用硼和硫化氫的反應來製備。

　
: : ${\mathsf {2B+3H_{2}S\ {\xrightarrow {\ }}\ B_{2}S_{3}+3H_{2}}}$

除了以上方法外，B2S3 還可以通過鐵或者錳的硼化物與硫化氫在 300℃反應得到。

　
: : ${\mathsf {2FeB+4H_{2}S\ {\xrightarrow {\ }}\ B_{2}S_{3}+FeS+4H_{2}}}$

　
: ${\mathsf {2MnB+4H_{2}S\ {\xrightarrow {\ }}\ B_{2}S_{3}+MnS+4H_{2}}}$

二硫化碳在 930℃作用於硼單質也可產生硫化硼：

　
: : ${\mathsf {4B+3CS_{2}\ {\xrightarrow {930^{o}C}}\ 2B_{2}S_{3}+3C}}$

## 物理性質

硫化硼是一種白色晶體或無定形的粉末，加熱變粘稠。微溶於三氯化磷和二氯化硫。

## 化學性質

硫化硼極易水解，也易醇解：

　
: : ${\mathsf {B_{2}S_{3}+6H_{2}O\ {\xrightarrow {\ }}\ 2H_{3}BO_{3}+3H_{2}S\uparrow }}$

其水解在潮濕空氣中便可發生。

硫化硼也能還原氧化性的酸：

　
: : ${\mathsf {B_{2}S_{3}+9H_{2}SO_{4}\ {\xrightarrow {\ }}\ 2H_{3}BO_{3}+12SO_{2}\uparrow +6H_{2}O}}$

　
: ${\mathsf {B_{2}S_{3}+24HNO_{3}\ {\xrightarrow {100^{o}C}}\ 2H_{3}BO_{3}+3H_{2}SO_{4}+24NO_{2}\uparrow +6H_{2}O}}$

## 應用

硫化硼可以應用於有機合成。也能用作核反應爐的控制棒。

## 參考資料
12007-33-9