<p><b>六氯合銥(III)酸鈉</b>是一種配位化合物，化學式為Na<sub>3</sub>[IrCl<sub>6</sub>]，它是暗綠色晶體，易溶於水，可以形成水合物。
</p>


<h2><span id=".E5.88.B6.E5.A4.87"></span><span id="制备">製備</span></h2>
<p>六氯合銥(III)酸鈉可由三氯化銥和氯化鈉在濃溶液中反應得到：
</p>
<dl><dd>3 NaCl + IrCl<sub>3</sub> → Na<sub>3</sub>[IrCl<sub>6</sub>]</dd></dl><p>從溶液中可以結晶出Na<sub>3</sub>[IrCl<sub>6</sub>]·12H<sub>2</sub>O。
</p>
<dl><dd><span><span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathsf {Na_{3}[IrCl_{6}]\cdot 12H_{2}O\ {\xrightarrow {50^{o}C,vacuum}}\ Na_{3}[IrCl_{6}]+12H_{2}O}}}">
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    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mathsf {Na_{3}[IrCl_{6}]\cdot 12H_{2}O\ {\xrightarrow {50^{o}C,vacuum}}\ Na_{3}[IrCl_{6}]+12H_{2}O}}}</annotation>
  </semantics></math></span></span></dd></dl><h2><span id=".E5.8C.96.E5.AD.A6.E6.80.A7.E8.B4.A8"></span><span id="化学性质">化學性質</span></h2>
<p>六氯合銥(III)酸鈉在高溫下分解：
</p>
<dl><dd><dl><dd><span><span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathsf {2Na_{3}[IrCl_{6}]\ {\xrightarrow {800-1000^{o}C}}\ 2Ir+6NaCl+3Cl_{2}}}}">
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    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mathsf {2Na_{3}[IrCl_{6}]\ {\xrightarrow {800-1000^{o}C}}\ 2Ir+6NaCl+3Cl_{2}}}}</annotation>
  </semantics></math></span></span></dd></dl></dd></dl><p>它可以和硫酸反應，也能被熱的硝酸氧化：
</p>
<dl><dd><dl><dd><span><span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathsf {3Na_{3}[IrCl_{6}]+6H_{2}SO_{4}\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ Ir_{2}(SO_{4})_{3}+3Na_{2}SO_{4}+12HCl\uparrow }}}">
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    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mathsf {3Na_{3}[IrCl_{6}]+6H_{2}SO_{4}\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ Ir_{2}(SO_{4})_{3}+3Na_{2}SO_{4}+12HCl\uparrow }}}</annotation>
  </semantics></math></span></span></dd>
<dd><span><span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathsf {Na_{3}[IrCl_{6}]+4HNO_{3}+H_{2}O\ {\xrightarrow {100^{o}C}}\ IrO_{2}\downarrow +NO_{2}+3NaNO_{3}+6HCl\uparrow }}}">
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    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mathsf {Na_{3}[IrCl_{6}]+4HNO_{3}+H_{2}O\ {\xrightarrow {100^{o}C}}\ IrO_{2}\downarrow +NO_{2}+3NaNO_{3}+6HCl\uparrow }}}</annotation>
  </semantics></math></span></span></dd></dl></dd></dl><p>在惰性氣氛中和鹼反應，沉澱出三氧化二銥；在氧氣存在下也可以被氧化為二氧化銥：
</p>
<dl><dd><dl><dd><span><span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathsf {2Na_{3}[IrCl_{6}]+6NaOH\ {\xrightarrow {CO_{2}}}\ Ir_{2}O_{3}\downarrow +12NaCl+3H_{2}O}}}">
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    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mathsf {2Na_{3}[IrCl_{6}]+6NaOH\ {\xrightarrow {CO_{2}}}\ Ir_{2}O_{3}\downarrow +12NaCl+3H_{2}O}}}</annotation>
  </semantics></math></span></span></dd>
<dd><span><span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathsf {4Na_{3}[IrCl_{6}]+O_{2}+12NaOH\ {\xrightarrow {CO_{2}}}\ 4IrO_{2}\downarrow +24NaCl+6H_{2}O}}}">
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    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mathsf {4Na_{3}[IrCl_{6}]+O_{2}+12NaOH\ {\xrightarrow {CO_{2}}}\ 4IrO_{2}\downarrow +24NaCl+6H_{2}O}}}</annotation>
  </semantics></math></span></span></dd></dl></dd></dl><p>它能夠被氫氣還原：
</p>
<dl><dd><dl><dd><span><span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathsf {2Na_{3}[IrCl_{6}]+3H_{2}\ {\xrightarrow {400-450^{o}C}}\ 2Ir+6NaCl+6HCl}}}">
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    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mathsf {2Na_{3}[IrCl_{6}]+3H_{2}\ {\xrightarrow {400-450^{o}C}}\ 2Ir+6NaCl+6HCl}}}</annotation>
  </semantics></math></span></span></dd></dl></dd></dl><p>加熱時能被氯氣氧化：
</p>
<dl><dd><dl><dd><span><span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathsf {2Na_{3}[IrCl_{6}]+Cl_{2}\ {\xrightarrow {400-500^{o}C}}\ 2Na_{2}[IrCl_{6}]+2NaCl}}}">
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    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mathsf {2Na_{3}[IrCl_{6}]+Cl_{2}\ {\xrightarrow {400-500^{o}C}}\ 2Na_{2}[IrCl_{6}]+2NaCl}}}</annotation>
  </semantics></math></span></span></dd></dl></dd></dl><p>酸性溶液中的空氣也能完成氧化過程。</p><p>和氯化鉀反應生成鉀鹽沉澱：
</p>
<dl><dd><dl><dd><span><span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathsf {Na_{3}[IrCl_{6}]+3KCl\ {\xrightarrow {10^{o}C}}\ K_{3}[IrCl_{6}]\downarrow +3NaCl}}}">
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    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mathsf {Na_{3}[IrCl_{6}]+3KCl\ {\xrightarrow {10^{o}C}}\ K_{3}[IrCl_{6}]\downarrow +3NaCl}}}</annotation>
  </semantics></math></span></span></dd></dl></dd></dl><h2><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span><span id="参考文献">參考文獻</span></h2>

<h3><span id=".E5.85.B6.E5.AE.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span><span id="其它文献">其它文獻</span></h3>
<ul><li><cite class="citation book">Химическая энциклопедия <b>2</b>. М.: Советская энциклопедия. Редкол.: Кнунянц И.Л. и др. 1990. <span title="國際標準書號">ISBN</span> 5-82270-035-5 <span title="連接到俄語網頁">（俄語）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%85%AD%E6%B0%AF%E5%90%88%E9%93%B1%28III%29%E9%85%B8%E9%92%A0&amp;rft.btitle=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F&amp;rft.date=1990&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=5-82270-035-5&amp;rft.place=%D0%9C.&amp;rft.pub=%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite class="citation book">Справочник химика <b>2</b> 3-е изд., испр. Л.: Химия. Редкол.: Никольский Б.П. и др. 1971 <span title="連接到俄語網頁">（俄語）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%85%AD%E6%B0%AF%E5%90%88%E9%93%B1%28III%29%E9%85%B8%E9%92%A0&amp;rft.btitle=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA+%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&amp;rft.date=1971&amp;rft.edition=3-%D0%B5+%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4.%2C+%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%80&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.place=%D0%9B.&amp;rft.pub=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite class="citation book">Лидин Р.А. и др. Химические свойства неорганических веществ: Учеб. пособие для вузов 3-е изд., испр. М.: Химия. 2000. <span title="國際標準書號">ISBN</span> 5-7245-1163-0 <span title="連接到俄語網頁">（俄語）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%85%AD%E6%B0%AF%E5%90%88%E9%93%B1%28III%29%E9%85%B8%E9%92%A0&amp;rft.au=%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD+%D0%A0.%D0%90.+%D0%B8+%D0%B4%D1%80.&amp;rft.btitle=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5+%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0+%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85+%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%3A+%D0%A3%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%B1.+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B5+%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F+%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2&amp;rft.date=2000&amp;rft.edition=3-%D0%B5+%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4.%2C+%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%80&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=5-7245-1163-0&amp;rft.place=%D0%9C.&amp;rft.pub=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite class="citation book">Рипан Р., Четяну И. Неорганическая химия. Химия металлов <b>2</b>. М.: Мир. 1972 <span title="連接到俄語網頁">（俄語）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%85%AD%E6%B0%AF%E5%90%88%E9%93%B1%28III%29%E9%85%B8%E9%92%A0&amp;rft.au=%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD+%D0%A0.%2C+%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%83+%D0%98.&amp;rft.btitle=%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F.+%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2&amp;rft.date=1972&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.place=%D0%9C.&amp;rft.pub=%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%80&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"><span> </span></span></li></ul><!-- 
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**六氯合銥 (III) 酸鈉**是一種配位化合物，化學式為 Na3[IrCl6]，它是暗綠色晶體，易溶於水，可以形成水合物。

## 製備

六氯合銥 (III) 酸鈉可由三氯化銥和氯化鈉在濃溶液中反應得到：

　
: 3 NaCl + IrCl3 → Na3[IrCl6]

從溶液中可以結晶出 Na3[IrCl6]·12H2O。

　
: ${\mathsf {Na_{3}[IrCl_{6}]\cdot 12H_{2}O\ {\xrightarrow {50^{o}C,vacuum}}\ Na_{3}[IrCl_{6}]+12H_{2}O}}$

## 化學性質

六氯合銥 (III) 酸鈉在高溫下分解：

　
: : ${\mathsf {2Na_{3}[IrCl_{6}]\ {\xrightarrow {800-1000^{o}C}}\ 2Ir+6NaCl+3Cl_{2}}}$

它可以和硫酸反應，也能被熱的硝酸氧化：

　
: : ${\mathsf {3Na_{3}[IrCl_{6}]+6H_{2}SO_{4}\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ Ir_{2}(SO_{4})_{3}+3Na_{2}SO_{4}+12HCl\uparrow }}$

　
: ${\mathsf {Na_{3}[IrCl_{6}]+4HNO_{3}+H_{2}O\ {\xrightarrow {100^{o}C}}\ IrO_{2}\downarrow +NO_{2}+3NaNO_{3}+6HCl\uparrow }}$

在惰性氣氛中和鹼反應，沉澱出三氧化二銥；在氧氣存在下也可以被氧化為二氧化銥：

　
: : ${\mathsf {2Na_{3}[IrCl_{6}]+6NaOH\ {\xrightarrow {CO_{2}}}\ Ir_{2}O_{3}\downarrow +12NaCl+3H_{2}O}}$

　
: ${\mathsf {4Na_{3}[IrCl_{6}]+O_{2}+12NaOH\ {\xrightarrow {CO_{2}}}\ 4IrO_{2}\downarrow +24NaCl+6H_{2}O}}$

它能夠被氫氣還原：

　
: : ${\mathsf {2Na_{3}[IrCl_{6}]+3H_{2}\ {\xrightarrow {400-450^{o}C}}\ 2Ir+6NaCl+6HCl}}$

加熱時能被氯氣氧化：

　
: : ${\mathsf {2Na_{3}[IrCl_{6}]+Cl_{2}\ {\xrightarrow {400-500^{o}C}}\ 2Na_{2}[IrCl_{6}]+2NaCl}}$

酸性溶液中的空氣也能完成氧化過程。

和氯化鉀反應生成鉀鹽沉澱：

　
: : ${\mathsf {Na_{3}[IrCl_{6}]+3KCl\ {\xrightarrow {10^{o}C}}\ K_{3}[IrCl_{6}]\downarrow +3NaCl}}$

## 參考文獻

### 其它文獻

* Химическая энциклопедия **2**. М.: Советская энциклопедия. Редкол.: Кнунянц И.Л. и др. 1990. ISBN 5-82270-035-5 （俄語）.
* Справочник химика **2** 3-е изд., испр. Л.: Химия. Редкол.: Никольский Б.П. и др. 1971 （俄語）.
* Лидин Р.А. и др. Химические свойства неорганических веществ: Учеб. пособие для вузов 3-е изд., испр. М.: Химия. 2000. ISBN 5-7245-1163-0 （俄語）.
* Рипан Р., Четяну И. Неорганическая химия. Химия металлов **2**. М.: Мир. 1972 （俄語）.
15702-05-3