<p><b>1992年波士尼亞與赫塞哥維納獨立公投</b>於1992年2月29日至3月1日舉行。1990年波赫進行首次自由選舉之後，由於民族之間關係日益緊張，南斯拉夫開始解體。波士尼亞克人和波士尼亞與赫塞哥維納的克羅埃西亞人支持波赫從南斯拉夫獨立，而波士尼亞與赫塞哥維納的塞爾維亞人則強烈反對獨立並杯葛這次投票。</p>


<h2><span id=".E6.8A.95.E7.A5.A8.E8.BF.87.E7.A8.8B"></span><span id="投票过程">投票過程</span></h2>
<p>公投的問題是：
</p>
<blockquote>
<p>「Jeste li za suverenu i nezavisnu Bosnu i Hercegovinu, državu ravnopravnih građana, naroda BiH - Muslimana, Srba, Hrvata i pripadnika drugih naroda koji u njoj žive?」（拉丁字母）
</p><p>「Јесте ли за суверену и независну Босну и Херцеговину, државу равноправних грађана, народа БиХ - Муслимана, Срба, Хрвата и припадника других народа који у њој живе?「（西里爾字母）
</p>
</blockquote>
<p>問題中文翻譯為：
</p>
<blockquote>
<p>「您是否支持一個主權獨立的波士尼亞與赫塞哥維納，波赫人民-穆斯林，塞爾維亞族，克羅埃西亞族和其他民族的人都是平等的波赫公民？」
</p>
</blockquote>
<h2><span id=".E7.BB.93.E6.9E.9C"></span><span id="结果">結果</span></h2>
<p>這次公投的投票率只有63.4%（由於不到三分之二，因此被質疑有效性），99.7%的投票人支持波赫獨立。4月6日，美國和歐洲共同體承認波赫獨立。5月22日，聯合國承認波赫獨立。隨後爆發波士尼亞戰爭。
</p>
<h2><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E8.B3.87.E6.96.99"></span><span id="參考資料">參考資料</span></h2>

<h3><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.A7.81"></span><span id="参见">參見</span></h3>
<ul><li><cite id="CITEREFAllen1996" class="citation book">Allen, Beverly. Rape Warfare: The Hidden Genocide in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Croatia. Ithaca: University of Minnesota Press. 1996 <span> [<span>2015-12-22</span>]</span>. <span title="國際標準書號">ISBN</span> 978-0-8014-4158-5. （原始內容存檔於2020-09-23）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1992%E5%B9%B4%E6%B3%A2%E5%A3%AB%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%88%87%E8%B5%AB%E5%A1%9E%E5%93%A5%E7%B6%AD%E7%B4%8D%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95&amp;rft.aufirst=Beverly&amp;rft.aulast=Allen&amp;rft.btitle=Rape+Warfare%3A+The+Hidden+Genocide+in+Bosnia-Herzegovina+and+Croatia&amp;rft.date=1996&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-8014-4158-5&amp;rft.place=Ithaca&amp;rft.pub=University+of+Minnesota+Press&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0GS9e-iq73kC%26printsec%3Dfrontcover&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite id="CITEREFBugajski1995" class="citation book">Bugajski, Janusz. Ethnic Politics in Eastern Europe: A Guide to Nationality Policies, Organizations and Parties. Armonk: M. E. Sharpe. 1995 <span> [<span>2015-12-22</span>]</span>. <span title="國際標準書號">ISBN</span> 978-1-56324-283-0. （原始內容存檔於2020-06-27）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1992%E5%B9%B4%E6%B3%A2%E5%A3%AB%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%88%87%E8%B5%AB%E5%A1%9E%E5%93%A5%E7%B6%AD%E7%B4%8D%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95&amp;rft.aufirst=Janusz&amp;rft.aulast=Bugajski&amp;rft.btitle=Ethnic+Politics+in+Eastern+Europe%3A+A+Guide+to+Nationality+Policies%2C+Organizations+and+Parties&amp;rft.date=1995&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-56324-283-0&amp;rft.place=Armonk&amp;rft.pub=M.+E.+Sharpe&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dm_AcqFSfvzAC%26printsec%3Dfrontcover&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite id="CITEREFBurgShoup2000" class="citation book">Burg, Steven L.; Shoup, Paul S. The War in Bosnia-Herzegovina: Ethnic Conflict and International Intervention. Armonk: M. E. Sharpe. 2000 <span> [<span>2015-12-22</span>]</span>. <span title="國際標準書號">ISBN</span> 978-0-7656-3189-3. （原始內容存檔於2020-09-07）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1992%E5%B9%B4%E6%B3%A2%E5%A3%AB%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%88%87%E8%B5%AB%E5%A1%9E%E5%93%A5%E7%B6%AD%E7%B4%8D%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95&amp;rft.au=Shoup%2C+Paul+S.&amp;rft.aufirst=Steven+L.&amp;rft.aulast=Burg&amp;rft.btitle=The+War+in+Bosnia-Herzegovina%3A+Ethnic+Conflict+and+International+Intervention&amp;rft.date=2000&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-7656-3189-3&amp;rft.place=Armonk&amp;rft.pub=M.+E.+Sharpe&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-4eKmp_qu_QC%26printsec%3Dfrontcover&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite id="CITEREFCaplan2005" class="citation book">Caplan, Richard. Europe and the Recognition of New States in Yugoslavia. Oxford: Cambridge University Press. 2005 <span> [<span>2019-01-24</span>]</span>. <span title="國際標準書號">ISBN</span> 978-1-139-44551-1. （原始內容存檔於2014-01-03）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1992%E5%B9%B4%E6%B3%A2%E5%A3%AB%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%88%87%E8%B5%AB%E5%A1%9E%E5%93%A5%E7%B6%AD%E7%B4%8D%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95&amp;rft.aufirst=Richard&amp;rft.aulast=Caplan&amp;rft.btitle=Europe+and+the+Recognition+of+New+States+in+Yugoslavia&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-139-44551-1&amp;rft.place=Oxford&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DO88EgTiHLCAC%26printsec%3Dfrontcover&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite id="CITEREFGoldstein1999" class="citation book">Goldstein, Ivo. Croatia: A History. London: C. Hurst &amp; Co. 1999 <span> [<span>2015-12-22</span>]</span>. <span title="國際標準書號">ISBN</span> 978-1-85065-525-1. （原始內容存檔於2019-12-04）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1992%E5%B9%B4%E6%B3%A2%E5%A3%AB%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%88%87%E8%B5%AB%E5%A1%9E%E5%93%A5%E7%B6%AD%E7%B4%8D%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95&amp;rft.aufirst=Ivo&amp;rft.aulast=Goldstein&amp;rft.btitle=Croatia%3A+A+History&amp;rft.date=1999&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-85065-525-1&amp;rft.place=London&amp;rft.pub=C.+Hurst+%26+Co.&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpSxJdE4MYo4C%26printsec%3Dfrontcover&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite id="CITEREFGow2003" class="citation book">Gow, James. The Serbian Project and its Adversaries: A Strategy of War Crimes. London: C. Hurst &amp; Co. 2003 <span> [<span>2015-12-22</span>]</span>. <span title="國際標準書號">ISBN</span> 978-1-85065-646-3. （原始內容存檔於2016-04-29）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1992%E5%B9%B4%E6%B3%A2%E5%A3%AB%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%88%87%E8%B5%AB%E5%A1%9E%E5%93%A5%E7%B6%AD%E7%B4%8D%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95&amp;rft.aufirst=James&amp;rft.aulast=Gow&amp;rft.btitle=The+Serbian+Project+and+its+Adversaries%3A+A+Strategy+of+War+Crimes&amp;rft.date=2003&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-85065-646-3&amp;rft.place=London&amp;rft.pub=C.+Hurst+%26+Co.&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFTw3lEqi2-oC%26printsec%3Dfrontcover&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite id="CITEREFHalpern2000" class="citation book">Halpern, Joel M. Neighbors at War: Anthropological Perspectives on Yugoslav Ethnicity, Culture, and History. University Park, PA: The Pennsylvania State University. 2000. <span title="國際標準書號">ISBN</span> 9780271044354.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1992%E5%B9%B4%E6%B3%A2%E5%A3%AB%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%88%87%E8%B5%AB%E5%A1%9E%E5%93%A5%E7%B6%AD%E7%B4%8D%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95&amp;rft.aufirst=Joel+M.&amp;rft.aulast=Halpern&amp;rft.btitle=Neighbors+at+War%3A+Anthropological+Perspectives+on+Yugoslav+Ethnicity%2C+Culture%2C+and+History&amp;rft.date=2000&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9780271044354&amp;rft.place=University+Park%2C+PA&amp;rft.pub=The+Pennsylvania+State+University&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite id="CITEREFHoare2010" class="citation book">Hoare, Marko Attila. The War of Yugoslav Succession. Ramet, Sabrina P.  (編). Central and Southeast European Politics Since 1989. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2010: 111–136 <span> [<span>2015-12-22</span>]</span>. <span title="國際標準書號">ISBN</span> 978-1-139-48750-4. （原始內容存檔於2020-10-30）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1992%E5%B9%B4%E6%B3%A2%E5%A3%AB%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%88%87%E8%B5%AB%E5%A1%9E%E5%93%A5%E7%B6%AD%E7%B4%8D%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95&amp;rft.atitle=The+War+of+Yugoslav+Succession&amp;rft.aufirst=Marko+Attila&amp;rft.aulast=Hoare&amp;rft.btitle=Central+and+Southeast+European+Politics+Since+1989&amp;rft.date=2010&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-139-48750-4&amp;rft.pages=111-136&amp;rft.place=Cambridge&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DoFXdiS25N78C%26printsec%3Dfrontcover&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite id="CITEREFJudah2000" class="citation book">Judah, Tim. The Serbs: History, Myth and the Destruction of Yugoslavia. New Haven: Yale University Press. 2000 <span> [<span>2015-12-22</span>]</span>. <span title="國際標準書號">ISBN</span> 978-0-300-08507-5. （原始內容存檔於2016-05-02）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1992%E5%B9%B4%E6%B3%A2%E5%A3%AB%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%88%87%E8%B5%AB%E5%A1%9E%E5%93%A5%E7%B6%AD%E7%B4%8D%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95&amp;rft.aufirst=Tim&amp;rft.aulast=Judah&amp;rft.btitle=The+Serbs%3A+History%2C+Myth+and+the+Destruction+of+Yugoslavia&amp;rft.date=2000&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-300-08507-5&amp;rft.place=New+Haven&amp;rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DB4YbP0fPcMYC%26printsec%3Dfrontcover&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite id="CITEREFLauterpachtGreenwood1999" class="citation book">Lauterpacht, Elihu; Greenwood, Christopher (編). International Law Reports <b>150</b>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1999. <span title="國際標準書號">ISBN</span> 9780521642453.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1992%E5%B9%B4%E6%B3%A2%E5%A3%AB%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%88%87%E8%B5%AB%E5%A1%9E%E5%93%A5%E7%B6%AD%E7%B4%8D%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95&amp;rft.au=Greenwood%2C+Christopher&amp;rft.aufirst=Elihu&amp;rft.aulast=Lauterpacht&amp;rft.btitle=International+Law+Reports&amp;rft.date=1999&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9780521642453&amp;rft.place=Cambridge&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite id="CITEREFLukicLynch1996" class="citation book">Lukic, Reneo; Lynch, Allen. Europe from the Balkans to the Urals: The Disintegration of Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1996 <span> [<span>2015-12-22</span>]</span>. <span title="國際標準書號">ISBN</span> 978-0-19-829200-5. （原始內容存檔於2020-05-24）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1992%E5%B9%B4%E6%B3%A2%E5%A3%AB%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%88%87%E8%B5%AB%E5%A1%9E%E5%93%A5%E7%B6%AD%E7%B4%8D%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95&amp;rft.au=Lynch%2C+Allen&amp;rft.aufirst=Reneo&amp;rft.aulast=Lukic&amp;rft.btitle=Europe+from+the+Balkans+to+the+Urals%3A+The+Disintegration+of+Yugoslavia+and+the+Soviet+Union&amp;rft.date=1996&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-19-829200-5&amp;rft.place=Oxford&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWPhhLfp8huIC%26printsec%3Dfrontcover&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite id="CITEREFNettelfield2010" class="citation book">Nettelfield, Lara J. Courting Democracy in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Oxford: Cambridge University Press. 2010. <span title="國際標準書號">ISBN</span> 978-1-58544-226-3.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1992%E5%B9%B4%E6%B3%A2%E5%A3%AB%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%88%87%E8%B5%AB%E5%A1%9E%E5%93%A5%E7%B6%AD%E7%B4%8D%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95&amp;rft.aufirst=Lara+J.&amp;rft.aulast=Nettelfield&amp;rft.btitle=Courting+Democracy+in+Bosnia+and+Herzegovina&amp;rft.date=2010&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-58544-226-3&amp;rft.place=Oxford&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcourtingdemocrac0000nett&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite id="CITEREFNohlenStöver2010" class="citation book">Nohlen, Dieter; Stöver, Philip. Elections in Europe: A Data Handbook. Baden-Baden: Nomos. 2010. <span title="國際標準書號">ISBN</span> 978-3-8329-5609-7.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1992%E5%B9%B4%E6%B3%A2%E5%A3%AB%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%88%87%E8%B5%AB%E5%A1%9E%E5%93%A5%E7%B6%AD%E7%B4%8D%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95&amp;rft.au=St%C3%B6ver%2C+Philip&amp;rft.aufirst=Dieter&amp;rft.aulast=Nohlen&amp;rft.btitle=Elections+in+Europe%3A+A+Data+Handbook&amp;rft.date=2010&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-3-8329-5609-7&amp;rft.place=Baden-Baden&amp;rft.pub=Nomos&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite id="CITEREFRamet2006" class="citation book">Ramet, Sabrina P. The Three Yugoslavias: State-Building and Legitimation, 1918–2005. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. 2006 <span> [<span>2015-12-22</span>]</span>. <span title="國際標準書號">ISBN</span> 978-0-253-34656-8. （原始內容存檔於2016-04-29）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1992%E5%B9%B4%E6%B3%A2%E5%A3%AB%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%88%87%E8%B5%AB%E5%A1%9E%E5%93%A5%E7%B6%AD%E7%B4%8D%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95&amp;rft.aufirst=Sabrina+P.&amp;rft.aulast=Ramet&amp;rft.btitle=The+Three+Yugoslavias%3A+State-Building+and+Legitimation%2C+1918%E2%80%932005&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-253-34656-8&amp;rft.place=Bloomington&amp;rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFTw3lEqi2-oC%26printsec%3Dfrontcover&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite id="CITEREFSilberLittle1997" class="citation book">Silber, Laura; Little, Allan. Yugoslavia: Death of a Nation. New York: Penguin Books. 1997. <span title="國際標準書號">ISBN</span> 978-0-14-026263-6.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1992%E5%B9%B4%E6%B3%A2%E5%A3%AB%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%88%87%E8%B5%AB%E5%A1%9E%E5%93%A5%E7%B6%AD%E7%B4%8D%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95&amp;rft.au=Little%2C+Allan&amp;rft.aufirst=Laura&amp;rft.aulast=Silber&amp;rft.btitle=Yugoslavia%3A+Death+of+a+Nation&amp;rft.date=1997&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-14-026263-6&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft.pub=Penguin+Books&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fyugoslaviadeatho00silb&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite id="CITEREFToalDahlman2011" class="citation book">Toal, Gerard; Dahlman, Carl T. Bosnia Remade: Ethnic Cleansing and Its Reversal. New York: Oxford University Press. 2011 <span> [<span>2015-12-22</span>]</span>. <span title="國際標準書號">ISBN</span> 978-0-19-973036-0. （原始內容存檔於2020-08-12）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1992%E5%B9%B4%E6%B3%A2%E5%A3%AB%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%88%87%E8%B5%AB%E5%A1%9E%E5%93%A5%E7%B6%AD%E7%B4%8D%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95&amp;rft.au=Dahlman%2C+Carl+T.&amp;rft.aufirst=Gerard&amp;rft.aulast=Toal&amp;rft.btitle=Bosnia+Remade%3A+Ethnic+Cleansing+and+Its+Reversal&amp;rft.date=2011&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-19-973036-0&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQ1TrvGxJeasC%26printsec%3Dfrontcover&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite id="CITEREFVelikonja2003" class="citation book">Velikonja, Mitja. Religious Separation and Political Intolerance in Bosnia-Herzegovina. College Station: Texas A&amp;M University Press. 2003. <span title="國際標準書號">ISBN</span> 978-1-58544-226-3.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1992%E5%B9%B4%E6%B3%A2%E5%A3%AB%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%88%87%E8%B5%AB%E5%A1%9E%E5%93%A5%E7%B6%AD%E7%B4%8D%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95&amp;rft.aufirst=Mitja&amp;rft.aulast=Velikonja&amp;rft.btitle=Religious+Separation+and+Political+Intolerance+in+Bosnia-Herzegovina&amp;rft.date=2003&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-58544-226-3&amp;rft.place=College+Station&amp;rft.pub=Texas+A%26M+University+Press&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite id="CITEREFWalling2013" class="citation book">Walling, Carrie Booth. All Necessary Measures: The United Nations and Humanitarian Intervention. University of Pennsylvania Press. 2013 <span> [<span>2015-12-22</span>]</span>. <span title="國際標準書號">ISBN</span> 978-0-8122-0847-4. （原始內容存檔於2014-01-03）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1992%E5%B9%B4%E6%B3%A2%E5%A3%AB%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%88%87%E8%B5%AB%E5%A1%9E%E5%93%A5%E7%B6%AD%E7%B4%8D%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95&amp;rft.aufirst=Carrie+Booth&amp;rft.aulast=Walling&amp;rft.btitle=All+Necessary+Measures%3A+The+United+Nations+and+Humanitarian+Intervention&amp;rft.date=2013&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-8122-0847-4&amp;rft.pub=University+of+Pennsylvania+Press&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJp4komrREPcC%26printsec%3Dfrontcover&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite id="CITEREFHRWAugust_1992" class="citation report">War Crimes in Bosnia-Hercegovina. Human Rights Watch (HRW) (Report) <b>1</b> (New York). August 1992 <span> [<span>2019-01-24</span>]</span>. （原始內容存檔於2020-03-06）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1992%E5%B9%B4%E6%B3%A2%E5%A3%AB%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%88%87%E8%B5%AB%E5%A1%9E%E5%93%A5%E7%B6%AD%E7%B4%8D%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95&amp;rft.btitle=War+Crimes+in+Bosnia-Hercegovina&amp;rft.date=1992-08&amp;rft.genre=report&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnltdtAo38K0C%26printsec%3Dfrontcover&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite id="CITEREFCSCE12_March_1992" class="citation report">The Referendum on Independence in Bosnia-Herzegovina: February 29-March 1, 1992. Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) (Report) (Washington D.C.). 1992-03-12 <span> [<span>2015-12-22</span>]</span>. （原始內容存檔於2011-05-22）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1992%E5%B9%B4%E6%B3%A2%E5%A3%AB%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%88%87%E8%B5%AB%E5%A1%9E%E5%93%A5%E7%B6%AD%E7%B4%8D%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95&amp;rft.btitle=The+Referendum+on+Independence+in+Bosnia-Herzegovina%3A+February+29-March+1%2C+1992&amp;rft.date=1992-03-12&amp;rft.genre=report&amp;rft.place=Washington+D.C.&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcsce.gov%2Findex.cfm%3FFuseAction%3DUserGroups.Home%26ContentRecord_id%3D250%26ContentType%3DG%26ContentRecordType%3DG%26UserGroup_id%3D5%26Subaction%3DByDate&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite class="citation journal">Pellet, Allain. The Opinions of the Badinter Arbitration Committee: A Second Breath for the Self-Determination of Peoples <span>(PDF)</span>. European Journal of International Law. 1992, <b>3</b> (1): 178–185 <span> [<span>2015-12-22</span>]</span>. （原始內容 <span>(PDF)</span>存檔於2011-05-29）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1992%E5%B9%B4%E6%B3%A2%E5%A3%AB%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%88%87%E8%B5%AB%E5%A1%9E%E5%93%A5%E7%B6%AD%E7%B4%8D%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95&amp;rft.atitle=The+Opinions+of+the+Badinter+Arbitration+Committee%3A+A+Second+Breath+for+the+Self-Determination+of+Peoples&amp;rft.aufirst=Allain&amp;rft.aulast=Pellet&amp;rft.date=1992&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.jtitle=European+Journal+of+International+Law&amp;rft.pages=178-185&amp;rft.volume=3&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F207.57.19.226%2Fjournal%2FVol3%2FNo1%2Fart12-13.pdf&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite id="CITEREFBinder8_April_1992" class="citation news">Binder, David. U.S. Recognizes 3 Yugoslav Republics as Independent. New York Times. 1992-04-08 <span> [<span>2019-01-24</span>]</span>. （原始內容存檔於2020-12-09）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1992%E5%B9%B4%E6%B3%A2%E5%A3%AB%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%88%87%E8%B5%AB%E5%A1%9E%E5%93%A5%E7%B6%AD%E7%B4%8D%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95&amp;rft.atitle=U.S.+Recognizes+3+Yugoslav+Republics+as+Independent&amp;rft.aufirst=David&amp;rft.aulast=Binder&amp;rft.date=1992-04-08&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1992%2F04%2F08%2Fworld%2Fus-recognizes-3-yugoslav-republics-as-independent.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite id="CITEREFSudetic29_February_1992" class="citation news">Sudetic, Chuck. Deaths Cast Shadow on Vote in Yugoslav Republic. New York Times. 1992-02-29 <span> [<span>2019-01-24</span>]</span>. （原始內容存檔於2020-11-05）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1992%E5%B9%B4%E6%B3%A2%E5%A3%AB%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%88%87%E8%B5%AB%E5%A1%9E%E5%93%A5%E7%B6%AD%E7%B4%8D%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95&amp;rft.atitle=Deaths+Cast+Shadow+on+Vote+in+Yugoslav+Republic&amp;rft.aufirst=Chuck&amp;rft.aulast=Sudetic&amp;rft.date=1992-02-29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1992%2F03%2F01%2Fworld%2Fdeaths-cast-shadow-on-vote-in-yugoslav-republic.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal"><span> </span></span></li>
<li><cite id="CITEREFSilber16_October_1991" class="citation news">Silber, Laura. Bosnia Declares Sovereignty. Washington Post. 1991-10-16 <span> [<span>2019-01-24</span>]</span>. （原始內容存檔於2018-10-14）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A1992%E5%B9%B4%E6%B3%A2%E5%A3%AB%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%88%87%E8%B5%AB%E5%A1%9E%E5%93%A5%E7%B6%AD%E7%B4%8D%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95&amp;rft.atitle=Bosnia+Declares+Sovereignty&amp;rft.aufirst=Laura&amp;rft.aulast=Silber&amp;rft.date=1991-10-16&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-srv%2Finatl%2Flongterm%2Fbalkans%2Fstories%2Findependence101691.htm&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal"><span> </span></span></li></ul><!-- 
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**1992 年波士尼亞與赫塞哥維納獨立公投**於 1992 年 2 月 29 日至 3 月 1 日舉行。1990 年波赫進行首次自由選舉之後，由於民族之間關係日益緊張，南斯拉夫開始解體。波士尼亞克人和波士尼亞與赫塞哥維納的克羅埃西亞人支持波赫從南斯拉夫獨立，而波士尼亞與赫塞哥維納的塞爾維亞人則強烈反對獨立並杯葛這次投票。

## 投票過程

公投的問題是：

> 
> 「Jeste li za suverenu i nezavisnu Bosnu i Hercegovinu, državu ravnopravnih građana, naroda BiH - Muslimana, Srba, Hrvata i pripadnika drugih naroda koji u njoj žive?」（拉丁字母）
> 
> 「Јесте ли за суверену и независну Босну и Херцеговину, државу равноправних грађана, народа БиХ - Муслимана, Срба, Хрвата и припадника других народа који у њој живе?「（西里爾字母）
> 
> 

問題中文翻譯為：

> 
> 「您是否支持一個主權獨立的波士尼亞與赫塞哥維納，波赫人民 - 穆斯林，塞爾維亞族，克羅埃西亞族和其他民族的人都是平等的波赫公民？」
> 
> 

## 結果

這次公投的投票率只有 63.4%（由於不到三分之二，因此被質疑有效性），99.7% 的投票人支持波赫獨立。4 月 6 日，美國和歐洲共同體承認波赫獨立。5 月 22 日，聯合國承認波赫獨立。隨後爆發波士尼亞戰爭。

## 參考資料

### 參見

* Allen, Beverly. Rape Warfare: The Hidden Genocide in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Croatia. Ithaca: University of Minnesota Press. 1996 [2015-12-22]. ISBN978-0-8014-4158-5. （原始內容存檔於 2020-09-23）.
* Bugajski, Janusz. Ethnic Politics in Eastern Europe: A Guide to Nationality Policies, Organizations and Parties. Armonk: M. E. Sharpe. 1995 [2015-12-22]. ISBN978-1-56324-283-0. （原始內容存檔於 2020-06-27）.
* Burg, Steven L.; Shoup, Paul S. The War in Bosnia-Herzegovina: Ethnic Conflict and International Intervention. Armonk: M. E. Sharpe. 2000 [2015-12-22]. ISBN978-0-7656-3189-3. （原始內容存檔於 2020-09-07）.
* Caplan, Richard. Europe and the Recognition of New States in Yugoslavia. Oxford: Cambridge University Press. 2005 [2019-01-24]. ISBN978-1-139-44551-1. （原始內容存檔於 2014-01-03）.
* Goldstein, Ivo. Croatia: A History. London: C. Hurst & Co. 1999 [2015-12-22]. ISBN978-1-85065-525-1. （原始內容存檔於 2019-12-04）.
* Gow, James. The Serbian Project and its Adversaries: A Strategy of War Crimes. London: C. Hurst & Co. 2003 [2015-12-22]. ISBN978-1-85065-646-3. （原始內容存檔於 2016-04-29）.
* Halpern, Joel M. Neighbors at War: Anthropological Perspectives on Yugoslav Ethnicity, Culture, and History. University Park, PA: The Pennsylvania State University. 2000. ISBN 9780271044354.
* Hoare, Marko Attila. The War of Yugoslav Succession. Ramet, Sabrina P. (編). Central and Southeast European Politics Since 1989. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2010: 111–136 [2015-12-22]. ISBN978-1-139-48750-4. （原始內容存檔於 2020-10-30）.
* Judah, Tim. The Serbs: History, Myth and the Destruction of Yugoslavia. New Haven: Yale University Press. 2000 [2015-12-22]. ISBN978-0-300-08507-5. （原始內容存檔於 2016-05-02）.
* Lauterpacht, Elihu; Greenwood, Christopher (編). International Law Reports **150**. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1999. ISBN 9780521642453.
* Lukic, Reneo; Lynch, Allen. Europe from the Balkans to the Urals: The Disintegration of Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1996 [2015-12-22]. ISBN978-0-19-829200-5. （原始內容存檔於 2020-05-24）.
* Nettelfield, Lara J. Courting Democracy in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Oxford: Cambridge University Press. 2010. ISBN 978-1-58544-226-3.
* Nohlen, Dieter; Stöver, Philip. Elections in Europe: A Data Handbook. Baden-Baden: Nomos. 2010. ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7.
* Ramet, Sabrina P. The Three Yugoslavias: State-Building and Legitimation, 1918–2005. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. 2006 [2015-12-22]. ISBN978-0-253-34656-8. （原始內容存檔於 2016-04-29）.
* Silber, Laura; Little, Allan. Yugoslavia: Death of a Nation. New York: Penguin Books. 1997. ISBN 978-0-14-026263-6.
* Toal, Gerard; Dahlman, Carl T. Bosnia Remade: Ethnic Cleansing and Its Reversal. New York: Oxford University Press. 2011 [2015-12-22]. ISBN978-0-19-973036-0. （原始內容存檔於 2020-08-12）.
* Velikonja, Mitja. Religious Separation and Political Intolerance in Bosnia-Herzegovina. College Station: Texas A&M University Press. 2003. ISBN 978-1-58544-226-3.
* Walling, Carrie Booth. All Necessary Measures: The United Nations and Humanitarian Intervention. University of Pennsylvania Press. 2013 [2015-12-22]. ISBN978-0-8122-0847-4. （原始內容存檔於 2014-01-03）.
* War Crimes in Bosnia-Hercegovina. Human Rights Watch (HRW) (Report) **1** (New York). August 1992 [2019-01-24]. （原始內容存檔於 2020-03-06）.
* The Referendum on Independence in Bosnia-Herzegovina: February 29-March 1, 1992. Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) (Report) (Washington D.C.). 1992-03-12 [2015-12-22]. （原始內容存檔於 2011-05-22）.
* Pellet, Allain. The Opinions of the Badinter Arbitration Committee: A Second Breath for the Self-Determination of Peoples (PDF). European Journal of International Law. 1992, **3** (1): 178–185 [2015-12-22]. （原始內容 (PDF) 存檔於 2011-05-29）.
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1992年波士尼亞與赫塞哥維納獨立公投