Sané kapertama inggih punika  karakteristik genetik, sané mangkin kawastanin alel, wantah diskrit miwah mawentuk alternatif (umpami, pelung vs putih utawi tegeh vs éndép), soang-soang katedunang saking silih tunggil reraman ipun.
The first is that genetic characteristics, which are now called alleles, are discrete and have alternate forms (e.g., purple vs. white or tall vs. dwarf), each inherited from one of two parents.