Rikala nulak kawéntenan angga sané independen saking fenomena sami sané ngwangun jagat pengalaman iraga, pangidep Madhyamaka ngawit saking dualisme substansi Descartes miwah monisme substansi—inggih punika, fisikalisme—sané pinaka karakteristik ilmu pengetahuan modern.
In denying the independent self-existence of all the phenomena that make up the world of our experience, the Madhyamaka view departs from both the substance dualism of Descartes and the substance monism—namely, physicalism—that is characteristic of modern science.