Putnam taler nyantenang indik pangawit kareredannyane ring modal sosial inggih punika para istri sane sareng makarya, sane mapaiketan ring wates  galah kawentenan pamargin seka sipil makadi asosiasi guru rupaka - guru pengajian.
Putnam also suggests that a root cause of the decline in social capital is women's entry the workforce, which could correlate with time restraints that inhibit civic organizational involvement like parent-teacher associations.