Antropolog Stephan Palmie mapikayunan indik ras punika nenten benda sakewala hubungan sosial; utawi, dalem kruna - krunene Katya Gibel Mevorach, dados metonim, wantah panemuan manusa sane kriteria diferensiasi nyane nenten universal utawi tetap, sakewala sesai kaanggen anggena ngelola pambinaan."
Anthropologist Stephan Palmié has argued that race "is not a thing but a social relation"; or, in the words of Katya Gibel Mevorach, "a metonym", "a human invention whose criteria for differentiation are neither universal nor fixed but have always been used to manage difference."