Evolutionary medicine
A long time ago, we think humans used to hunt and gather food and stay in small tribes. The way humans have evolved supports this. There are communities today that still live a hunter-gatherer lifestyle, but there are also many people who have a very different way of living than how our ancestors did.<ref></span>Eaton SB, Konner M, Shostak M (April 1988). "Stone agers in the fast lane: chronic degenerative diseases in evolutionary perspective". The American Journal of Medicine. 84 (4): 739–49. doi:10.1016/0002-9343(88)90113-1. PMID 3135745.</ref><ref></span>Knowler WC, Bennett PH, Hamman RF, Miller M (December 1978). "Diabetes incidence and prevalence in Pima Indians: a 19-fold greater incidence than in Rochester, Minnesota". American Journal of Epidemiology. 108 (6): 497–505. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112648. PMID 736028</ref> Evolution takes a long time to happen, and evolution has not caught up with how many people are living today. Because of this, some experts in Darwinian medicine believe that people who do not practice a hunter-gatherer lifestyle are more likely to have problems being healthy. This idea of our evolution not matching the way many humans live today and causing health problems is called “diseases of civilization” or “diseases of affluence”.