Immigration and Naturalization Service
In 1890, the federal government, rather than the individual states, regulated immigration into the United States. The Immigration Act of 1891 established a Commissioner of Immigration in the Treasury Department.  Immigration was transferred to the United States Department of Commerce and Labor after 1903 and the Department of Labor after 1913.  In 1940, with increasing concern about national security, immigration and naturalization was organized under the authority of the Department of Justice.