Jaffa orange
The 'Jaffa' orange was a new variety. Arab farmers developed it, after it emerged as a  mutation on a tree of the 'Baladi' variety near the city of Jaffa, in the 19th century. While the sour orange (C. aurantium) was brought westward from China and India by local traders, who may have introduced it to Sicily and Spain, the 'Jaffa' orange was developed from the sweet orange (C. sinensis) which was brought from China to the Mediterranean region by Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama in 1498.