Article Six of the United States Constitution
In 1824, the Supreme Court ruled on Gibbons v. Ogden (1824).  The state of New York had given Aaron Ogden a monopoly over the steamboat business in the Hudson River.  However, Thomas Gibbons got the same power from a federal government permit.  The Supreme Court decided that the federal permit was more powerful than the state monopoly.  Supreme Court Justice John Marshall wrote: