Geoffrey Burbidge
In 1957 he and his wife, together with William Fowler, the American physicist, and Fred Hoyle, the British astronomer, wrote a 104-page paper about  stellar nucleosynthesis.  The paper became known as the B2FH (because of their initials).  It talked about nuclear reactions inside stars, showing how these reactions tear apart blocks of matter and put it together again differently.  It was a similar idea to what Charles Darwin had written about 100 years earlier in the “Origin of Species”, where he had described how creatures had evolved.  Scientists saw this paper as the most important paper ever written about astrophysics.