Logarithm
Many logarithm tables give logarithms by separately providing the characteristic and mantissa of , that is to say, the integer part and the fractional part of . The characteristic of  is one plus the characteristic of , and their significands are the same. This extends the scope of logarithm tables: given a table listing  for all integers  ranging from 1 to 1000, the logarithm of 3542 is approximated by