Corruption in Russia
Corruption is seen as a big problem in Russia. It affects many parts of life. This includes the economy, business, public administration, law enforcement, healthcare, and education. Corruption is a big part of the historical model of government. It is seen as the reason the rule of law is weak in Russia. Transparency International said in 2022, "Corruption is endemic in Russia". Russia had the lowest score in Europe in the Corruption Perceptions Index for 2021. It has been said to be a kleptocracy, an oligarchy, and a plutocracy.