Turcophone Iran
The Qashqai is one of the largest and most famous tribal confederacies in Iran, composed of settled, semi-settled, and pastoral nomadic communities. In the 1982 census, around 200,000 members of the Qashqai were recorded. According to other sources, the Qashqai consisted of 30,000 families in 1980, which corresponded to about 400,000 people. The international linguistic compendium of the Summer Institute of Linguistics (SIL) "Ethnologue" estimated their number at 1.5 million in 1997.  According to the 2015 census, the total number of the Qashqai ethnic group was given between 1.6 and 2.5 million.