Taifa
A taifa (from  ṭā'ifa, plural طوائف ṭawā'if) was an independent Muslim-ruled principality in the Iberian Peninsula. Taifas developed during the history of Iberia. They were usually emirates or little kingdoms, but there was one oligarchy as well, Seville. A number were formed in the Al-Andalus (Moorish Iberia) after the end of the Umayyad Caliphate of Cordóba in 1031.