Sonata
In the Baroque period (17th and early 18th centuries) many composers like Arcangelo Corelli wrote sonatas with several movements.  There were two types: “sonata da camera” (“room sonata” i.e. “chamber sonata”) which were for playing in people’s homes, and “sonata da chiesa” (“church sonata”) which were for being played in churches.  The first type would have harpsichord accompaniment and the second type organ accompaniment.  There would also be a cello playing the bass line.  The solo instrument might be a violin, flute, recorder or oboe.