Forward error correction
This allows an error in any one of the three samples to be corrected by "democratic voting", but is a very inefficient FEC. But  in practice would not work very well, but it does illustrate the principle. In practice, FEC codes typically examine the last several dozen, or even the last several hundred, previously received bits to determine how to decode the current small handful of bits (typically in groups of 2 to 8 bits).