Full Document:
Act current to 2023-04-04 andlast amendedon 2023-04-01.Previous Versions
R.S.C., 1985, c. 1 (5th Supp.)
An Act respecting income taxes
Marginal note:Short Title
1This Act may be cited as theIncome Tax Act.
Marginal note:Tax payable by persons resident in Canada
2(1)An income tax shall be paid, as required by this Act, on the taxable income for each taxation year of every person resident in Canada at any time in the year.
Marginal note:Taxable income
(2)The taxable income of a taxpayer for a taxation year is the taxpayer’s income for the year plus the additions and minus the deductions permitted by Division C.
Marginal note:Tax payable by non-resident persons
(3)Where a person who is not taxable under subsection 2(1) for a taxation year
(a)was employed in Canada,
(b)carried on a business in Canada, or
(c)disposed of a taxable Canadian property,
at any time in the year or a previous year, an income tax shall be paid, as required by this Act, on the person’s taxable income earned in Canada for the year determined in accordance with Division D.
Marginal note:Income for taxation year
3The income of a taxpayer for a taxation year for the purposes of this Part is the taxpayer’s income for the year determined by the following rules:
(a)determine the total of all amounts each of which is the taxpayer’s income for the year (other than a taxable capital gain from the disposition of a property) from a source inside or outside Canada, including, without restricting the generality of the foregoing, the taxpayer’s income for the year from each office, employment, business and property,
(b)determine the amount, if any, by which
(i)the total of
(A)all of the taxpayer’s taxable capital gains for the year from dispositions of property other than listed personal property, and
(B)the taxpayer’s taxable net gain for the year from dispositions of listed personal property,
exceeds
(ii)the amount, if any, by which the taxpayer’s allowable capital losses for the year from dispositions of property other than listed personal property exceed the taxpayer’s allowable business investment losses for the year,
(c)determine the amount, if any, by which the total determined under paragraph (a) plus the amount determined under paragraph (b) exceeds the total of the deductions permitted by Subdivision E in computing the taxpayer’s income for the year (except to the extent that those deductions, if any, have been taken into account in determining the total referred to in paragraph (a), and
(d)determine the amount, if any, by which the amount determined under paragraph (c) exceeds the total of all amounts each of which is the taxpayer’s loss for the year from an office, employment, business or property or the taxpayer’s allowable business investment loss for the year,
and for the purposes of this Part,
(e)where an amount is determined under paragraph (d) for the year in respect of the taxpayer, the taxpayer’s income for the year is the amount so determined, and
(f)in any other case, the taxpayer shall be deemed to have income for the year in an amount equal to zero.
Marginal note:Income or loss from a source or from sources in a place
4(1)For the purposes of this Act,
(a)a taxpayer’s income or loss for a taxation year from an office, employment, business, property or other source, or from sources in a particular place, is the taxpayer’s income or loss, as the case may be, computed in accordance with this Act on the assumption that the taxpayer had during the taxation year no income or loss except from that source or no income or loss except from those sources, as the case may be, and was allowed no deductions in computing the taxpayer’s income for the taxation year except such deductions as may reasonably be regarded as wholly applicable to that source or to those sources, as the case may be, and except such part of any other deductions as may reasonably be regarded as applicable thereto; and
(b)where the business carried on by a taxpayer or the duties of the office or employment performed by a taxpayer was carried on or were performed, as the case may be, partly in one place and partly in another place, the taxpayer’s income or loss for the taxation year from the business carried on, or the duties performed, by the taxpayer in a particular place is the taxpayer’s income or loss, as the case may be, computed in accordance with this Act on the assumption that the taxpayer had during the taxation year no income or loss except from the part of the business that was carried on in that particular place or no income or loss except from the part of those duties that were performed in that particular place, as the case may be, and was allowed no deductions in computing the taxpayer’s income for the taxation year except such deductions as may reasonably be regarded as wholly applicable to that part of the business or to those duties, as the case may be, and except such part of any other deductions as may reasonably be regarded as applicable thereto.
Marginal note:Idem
(2)Subject to subsection 4(3), in applying subsection 4(1) for the purposes of this Part, no deductions permitted by sections 60 to 64 apply either wholly or in part to a particular source or to sources in a particular place.
Marginal note:Deductions applicable
(3)In applying subsection 4(1) for the purposes of subsections 104(22) and 104(22.1) and sections 115 and 126,
(a)subject to paragraph (b), all deductions permitted in computing a taxpayer’s income for a taxation year for the purposes of this Part, except any deduction permitted by any of paragraphs 60(b) to (o), (p), (r) and (v) to (z), apply either wholly or in part to a particular source or to sources in a particular place; and
(b)any deduction permitted by subsection 104(6) or 104(12) shall not apply either wholly or in part to a source in a country other than Canada.
(4)[Repealed, 1996, c. 21, s. 2(1)]
Marginal note:Income from office or employment
5(1)Subject to this Part, a taxpayer’s income for a taxation year from an office or employment is the salary, wages and other remuneration, including gratuities, received by the taxpayer in the year.
Marginal note:Loss from office or employment
(2)A taxpayer’s loss for a taxation year from an office or employment is the amount of the taxpayer’s loss, if any, for the taxation year from that source computed by applying, with such modifications as the circumstances require, the provisions of this Act respecting the computation of income from that source.
Marginal note:Amounts to be included as income from office or employment
6(1)There shall be included in computing the income of a taxpayer for a taxation year as income from an office or employment such of the following amounts as are applicable
Marginal note:Value of benefits
(a)the value of board, lodging and other benefits of any kind whatever received or enjoyed by the taxpayer, or by a person who does not deal at arm’s length with the taxpayer, in the year in respect of, in the course of, or by virtue of the taxpayer’s office or employment, except any benefit
(i)derived from the contributions of the taxpayer’s employer to or under a deferred profit sharing plan, an employee life and health trust, a group sickness or accident insurance plan, a group term life insurance policy, a pooled registered pension plan, a private health services plan, a registered pension plan or a supplementary unemployment benefit plan,
(ii)under a retirement compensation arrangement, an employee benefit plan or an employee trust,
(iii)that was a benefit in respect of the use of an automobile,
(iv)derived from counselling services in respect of
(A)the mental or physical health of the taxpayer or an individual related to the taxpayer, other than a benefit attributable to an outlay or expense to which paragraph 18(1)(l) applies, or
(B)the re-employment or retirement of the taxpayer,
(v)under a salary deferral arrangement, except to the extent that the benefit is included under this paragraph because of subsection (11), or
(vi)that is received or enjoyed by an individual other than the taxpayer under a program provided by the taxpayer’s employer that is designed to assist individuals to further their education, if the taxpayer deals with the employer at arm’s length and it is reasonable to conclude that the benefit is not a substitute for salary, wages or other remuneration of the taxpayer;
Marginal note:Personal or living expenses
(b)all amounts received by the taxpayer in the year as an allowance for personal or living expenses or as an allowance for any other purpose, except
(i)travel, personal or living expense allowances
(A)expressly fixed in an Act of Parliament, or
(B)paid under the authority of the Treasury Board to a person who was appointed or whose services were engaged pursuant to theInquiries Act, in respect of the discharge of the person’s duties relating to the appointment or engagement,
(ii)travel and separation allowances received under service regulations as a member of the Canadian Forces,
(iii)representation or other special allowances received in respect of a period of absence from Canada as a person described in paragraph 250(1)(b), (c), (d) or (d.1),
(iv)representation or other special allowances received by a person who is an agent-general of a province in respect of a period while the person was in Ottawa as the agent-general of the province,
(v)reasonable allowances for travel expenses received by an employee from the employee’s employer in respect of a period when the employee was employed in connection with the selling of property or negotiating of contracts for the employee’s employer,
(v.1)allowances for board and lodging of the taxpayer, to a maximum total of $300 for each month of the year, if
(A)the taxpayer is, in that month, a registered participant with, or member of, a sports team or recreation program of the employer in respect of which membership or participation is restricted to persons under 21 years of age,
(B)the allowance is in respect of the taxpayer’s participation or membership and is not attributable to services of the taxpayer as a coach, instructor trainer, referee, administrator or other similar occupation,
(C)the employer is a registered charity or a non-profit organization described in paragraph 149(1)(l), and
(D)the allowance is reasonably attributable to the cost to the taxpayer of living away from the place where the employee would, but for the employment, ordinarily reside,
(vi)reasonable allowances received by a minister or clergyman in charge of or ministering to a diocese, parish or congregation for expenses for transportation incident to the discharge of the duties of that office or employment,
(vii)reasonable allowances for travel expenses (other than allowances for the use of a motor vehicle) received by an employee (other than an employee employed in connection with the selling of property or the negotiating of contracts for the employer) from the employer for travelling away from
(A)the municipality where the employer’s establishment at which the employee ordinarily worked or to which the employee ordinarily reported was located, and
(B)the metropolitan area, if there is one, where that establishment was located,
in the performance of the duties of the employee’s office or employment,
(vii.1)reasonable allowances for the use of a motor vehicle received by an employee (other than an employee employed in connection with the selling of property or the negotiating of contracts for the employer) from the employer for travelling in the performance of the duties of the office or employment,
(viii)[Repealed, 1999, c. 22, s. 2]
(ix)allowances (not in excess of reasonable amounts) received by an employee from the employee’s employer in respect of any child of the employee living away from the employee’s domestic establishment in the place where the employee is required by reason of the employee’s employment to live and in full-time attendance at a school in which the language primarily used for instruction is the official language of Canada primarily used by the employee if
(A)a school suitable for that child primarily using that language of instruction is not available in the place where the employee is so required to live, and
(B)the school the child attends primarily uses that language for instruction and is not farther from that place than the community nearest to that place in which there is such a school having suitable boarding facilities,
and, for the purposes of subparagraphs (v), (vi) and (vii.1), an allowance received in a taxation year by a taxpayer for the use of a motor vehicle in connection with or in the course of the taxpayer’s office or employment shall be deemed not to be a reasonable allowance
(x)where the measurement of the use of the vehicle for the purpose of the allowance is not based solely on the number of kilometres for which the vehicle is used in connection with or in the course of the office or employment, or
(xi)where the taxpayer both receives an allowance in respect of that use and is reimbursed in whole or in part for expenses in respect of that use (except where the reimbursement is in respect of supplementary business insurance or toll or ferry charges and the amount of the allowance was determined without reference to those reimbursed expenses);
Marginal note:Director’s or other fees
(c)director’s or other fees received by the taxpayer in the year in respect of, in the course of, or by virtue of an office or employment;
Marginal note:Allocations, etc., under profit sharing plan
(d)amounts allocated to the taxpayer in the year by a trustee under an employees profit sharing plan as provided by section 144 except subsection 144(4), and amounts required by subsection 144(7) to be included in computing the taxpayer’s income for the year;
Marginal note:Standby charge for automobile
(e)where the taxpayer’s employer or a person related to the employer made an automobile available to the taxpayer, or to a person related to the taxpayer, in the year, the amount, if any, by which
(i)an amount that is a reasonable standby charge for the automobile for the total number of days in the year during which it was made so available
exceeds
(ii)the total of all amounts, each of which is an amount (other than an expense related to the operation of the automobile) paid in the year to the employer or the person related to the employer by the taxpayer or the person related to the taxpayer for the use of the automobile;
Marginal note:Group sickness or accident insurance plans
(e.1)the total of all amounts contributed in the year in respect of the taxpayer by the taxpayer’s employer to a group sickness or accident insurance plan, except to the extent that the contributions are attributable to benefits under the plan that, if received by the taxpayer, would be included in the taxpayer’s income under paragraph (f) in the year the benefits are received if that paragraph were read without regard to its subparagraph (v);
Marginal note:Employment insurance benefits
(f)the total of all amounts received by the taxpayer in the year that were payable to the taxpayer on a periodic basis in respect of the loss of all or any part of the taxpayer’s income from an office or employment, pursuant to
(i)a sickness or accident insurance plan,
(ii)a disability insurance plan,
(iii)an income maintenance insurance plan, or
(iii.1)a plan described in any of subparagraphs (i) to (iii) that is administered or provided by an employee life and health trust,
to or under which the taxpayer’s employer has made a contribution, not exceeding the amount, if any, by which
(iv)the total of all such amounts received by the taxpayer pursuant to the plan before the end of the year and
(A)where there was a preceding taxation year ending after 1971 in which any such amount was, by virtue of this paragraph, included in computing the taxpayer’s income, after the last such year, and
(B)in any other case, after 1971,
exceeds
(v)the total of the contributions made by the taxpayer under the plan before the end of the year and
(A)where there was a preceding taxation year described in clause (iv)(A), after the last such year, and
(B)in any other case, after 1967;
Marginal note:Canadian Forces members and veterans amounts
(f.1)the total of all amounts received by the taxpayer in the year on account of
(i)an earnings loss benefit, an income replacement benefit (other than an amount determined under subsection 19.1(1), paragraph 23(1)(b) or subsection 26.1(1) of theVeterans Well-being Act, as modified, where applicable, under Part 5 of that Act), a supplementary retirement benefit or a career impact allowance payable to the taxpayer under Part 2 of theVeterans Well-being Act, or
(ii)an amount payable under any of subsections 99(6), 109(1) and 115(5) and sections 124 to 126 of theVeterans Well-being Act;
Marginal note:Employee benefit plan benefits
(g)the total of all amounts each of which is an amount received by the taxpayer in the year out of or under an employee benefit plan or from the disposition of any interest in any such plan, other than the portion thereof that is
(i)a death benefit or an amount that would, but for the deduction provided in the definition of that term in subsection 248(1), be a death benefit,
(ii)a return of amounts contributed to the plan by the taxpayer or a deceased employee of whom the taxpayer is an heir or legal representative, to the extent that the amounts were not deducted in computing the taxable income of the taxpayer or the deceased employee for any taxation year,
(iii)a superannuation or pension benefit attributable to services rendered by a person in a period throughout which the person was not resident in Canada, or
(iv)a designated employee benefit (as defined in subsection 144.1(1));
Marginal note:Employee trust
(h)amounts allocated to the taxpayer for the year by a trustee under an employee trust;
Marginal note:Salary deferral arrangement payments
(i)the amount, if any, by which the total of all amounts received by any person as benefits (other than amounts received by or from a trust governed by a salary deferral arrangement) in the year out of or under a salary deferral arrangement in respect of the taxpayer exceeds the amount, if any, by which
(i)the total of all deferred amounts under the arrangement that were included under paragraph 6(1)(a) as benefits in computing the taxpayer’s income for preceding taxation years
exceeds
(ii)the total of
(A)all deferred amounts received by any person in preceding taxation years out of or under the arrangement, and
(B)all deferred amounts under the arrangement that were deducted under paragraph 8(1)(o) in computing the taxpayer’s income for the year or preceding taxation years;
Marginal note:Reimbursements and awards
(j)amounts received by the taxpayer in the year as an award or reimbursement in respect of an amount that would, if the taxpayer were entitled to no reimbursements or awards, be deductible under subsection 8(1) in computing the income of the taxpayer, except to the extent that the amounts so received
(i)are otherwise included in computing the income of the taxpayer for the year, or
(ii)are taken into account in computing the amount that is claimed under subsection 8(1) by the taxpayer for the year or a preceding taxation year;
Marginal note:Automobile operating expense benefit
(k)where
(i)an amount is determined under subparagraph 6(1)(e)(i) in respect of an automobile in computing the taxpayer’s income for the year,
(ii)amounts related to the operation (otherwise than in connection with or in the course of the taxpayer’s office or employment) of the automobile for the period or periods in the year during which the automobile was made available to the taxpayer or a person related to the taxpayer are paid or payable by the taxpayer’s employer or a person related to the taxpayer’s employer (each of whom is in this paragraph referred to as the “payor”), and
(iii)the total of the amounts so paid or payable is not paid in the year or within 45 days after the end of the year to the payor by the taxpayer or by the person related to the taxpayer,
the amount in respect of the operation of the automobile determined by the formula
A - B
where
(iv)where the automobile is used primarily in the performance of the duties of the taxpayer’s office or employment during the period or periods referred to in subparagraph (ii) and the taxpayer notifies the employer in writing before the end of the year of the taxpayer’s intention to have this subparagraph apply, 1/2 of the amount determined under subparagraph 6(1)(e)(i) in respect of the automobile in computing the taxpayer’s income for the year, and
(v)in any other case, the amount equal to the product obtained when the amount prescribed for the year is multiplied by the total number of kilometres that the automobile is driven (otherwise than in connection with or in the course of the taxpayer’s office or employment) during the period or periods referred to in subparagraph 6(1)(k)(ii), and
Marginal note:Where standby charge does not apply
(l)the value of a benefit in respect of the operation of an automobile (other than a benefit to which paragraph (k) applies or would apply but for subparagraph (k)(iii)) received or enjoyed by the taxpayer, or by a person related to the taxpayer, in the year in respect of, in the course of or because of, the taxpayer’s office or employment.
Marginal note:Parking cost
(1.1)For the purposes of this section, an amount or a benefit in respect of the use of a motor vehicle by a taxpayer does not include any amount or benefit related to the parking of the vehicle.
Marginal note:Deeming rule — amount received
(1.2)For the purposes of paragraph (1)(g), an amount received by an individual out of or under an employee benefit plan is deemed to have been received by a taxpayer and not by the individual if
(a)the individual does not deal at arm’s length with the taxpayer;
(b)the amount is received in respect of an office or employment of the taxpayer; and
(c)the taxpayer is living at the time the amount is received by the individual.
Marginal note:Reasonable standby charge
(2)For the purposes of paragraph 6(1)(e), a reasonable standby charge for an automobile for the total number of days (in this subsection referred to as the “total available days”) in a taxation year during which the automobile is made available to a taxpayer or to a person related to the taxpayer by the employer of the taxpayer or by a person related to the employer (both of whom are in this subsection referred to as the “employer”) shall be deemed to be the amount determined by the formula
A/B × [2% × (C × D) + 2/3 × (E - F)]
where
(a)the lesser of the total kilometres that the automobile is driven (otherwise than in connection with or in the course of the taxpayer’s office or employment) during the total available days and the value determined for the description of B for the year in respect of the standby charge for the automobile during the total available days, if
(i)the taxpayer is required by the employer to use the automobile in connection with or in the course of the office or employment, and
(ii)the distance travelled by the automobile in the total available days is primarily in connection with or in the course of the office or employment, and
(b)the value determined for the description of B for the year in respect of the standby charge for the automobile during the total available days, in any other case;
(a)loss of, or damage to, the automobile, or
(b)liability resulting from the use or operation of the automobile.
Marginal note:Automobile salesperson
(2.1)Where in a taxation year
(a)a taxpayer was employed principally in selling or leasing automobiles,
(b)an automobile owned by the taxpayer’s employer was made available by the employer to the taxpayer or to a person related to the taxpayer, and
(c)the employer has acquired one or more automobiles,
the amount that would otherwise be determined under subsection 6(2) as a reasonable standby charge shall, at the option of the employer, be computed as if
(d)the reference in the formula in subsection 6(2) to “2%” were read as a reference to “1 1/2%”, and
(e)the cost to the employer of the automobile were the greater of
(i)the quotient obtained by dividing
(A)the cost to the employer of all new automobiles acquired by the employer in the year for sale or lease in the course of the employer’s business
by
(B)the number of automobiles described in clause 6(2.1)(e)(i)(A), and
(ii)the quotient obtained by dividing
(A)the cost to the employer of all automobiles acquired by the employer in the year for sale or lease in the course of the employer’s business
by
(B)the number of automobiles described in clause 6(2.1)(e)(ii)(A).
Marginal note:COVID-19 — automobile operating expense benefit
(2.2)If a taxpayer met the condition in subparagraph (iv) of the description of A in paragraph (1)(k) for the 2019 taxation year in respect of the use of an automobile made available to the taxpayer, or to a person related to the taxpayer, by an employer (within the meaning assigned by subsection (2)), then for the purpose of applying paragraph (1)(k) in respect of an automobile provided by that employer in 2020 or 2021 (referred to in this subsection as the “relevant year”), the amount determined for A in paragraph (1)(k) in respect of the automobile for the relevant year is deemed to be the lesser of
(a)½ of the amount determined under subparagraph (1)(e)(i) in respect of the automobile for the relevant year, and
(b)the amount determined under subparagraph (v) of the description of A in paragraph (1)(k) in respect of the automobile for the relevant year.
Marginal note:COVID-19 — reasonable standby charge
(2.3)A taxpayer is deemed to meet the condition in subparagraph (a)(ii) of the description of A in subsection (2) in respect of an employer (within the meaning assigned by subsection (2)) for the 2020 or 2021 taxation year if the taxpayer met the conditions in subparagraphs (a)(i) and (ii) of the description of A in subsection (2) for the 2019 taxation year in respect of an automobile made available to the taxpayer, or to a person related to the taxpayer, by that employer.
Marginal note:Payments by employer to employee
(3)An amount received by one person from another
(a)during a period while the payee was an officer of, or in the employment of, the payer, or
(b)on account, in lieu of payment or in satisfaction of an obligation arising out of an agreement made by the payer with the payee immediately prior to, during or immediately after a period that the payee was an officer of, or in the employment of, the payer,
shall be deemed, for the purposes of section 5, to be remuneration for the payee’s services rendered as an officer or during the period of employment, unless it is established that, irrespective of when the agreement, if any, under which the amount was received was made or the form or legal effect thereof, it cannot reasonably be regarded as having been received
(c)as consideration or partial consideration for accepting the office or entering into the contract of employment,
(d)as remuneration or partial remuneration for services as an officer or under the contract of employment, or
(e)in consideration or partial consideration for a covenant with reference to what the officer or employee is, or is not, to do before or after the termination of the employment.
Marginal note:Amount receivable for covenant
(3.1)If an amount (other than an amount to which paragraph (1)(a) applies because of subsection (11)) is receivable at the end of a taxation year by a taxpayer in respect of a covenant, agreed to by the taxpayer more than 36 months before the end of that taxation year, with reference to what the taxpayer is, or is not, to do, and the amount would be included in the taxpayer’s income for the year under this Subdivision if it were received by the taxpayer in the year, the amount
(a)is deemed to be received by the taxpayer at the end of the taxation year for services rendered as an officer or during the period of employment; and
(b)is deemed not to be received at any other time.
Marginal note:Group term life insurance
(4)Where at any time in a taxation year a taxpayer’s life is insured under a group term life insurance policy, there shall be included in computing the taxpayer’s income for the year from an office or employment the amount, if any, prescribed for the year in respect of the insurance.
(5)[Repealed, 1995, c. 3, s. 1]
Marginal note:Employment at special work site or remote location
(6)Notwithstanding subsection 6(1), in computing the income of a taxpayer for a taxation year from an office or employment, there shall not be included any amount received or enjoyed by the taxpayer in respect of, in the course or by virtue of the office or employment that is the value of, or an allowance (not in excess of a reasonable amount) in respect of expenses the taxpayer has incurred for,
(a)the taxpayer’s board and lodging for a period at
(i)a special work site, being a location at which the duties performed by the taxpayer were of a temporary nature, if the taxpayer maintained at another location a self-contained domestic establishment as the taxpayer’s principal place of residence
(A)that was, throughout the period, available for the taxpayer’s occupancy and not rented by the taxpayer to any other person, and
(B)to which, by reason of distance, the taxpayer could not reasonably be expected to have returned daily from the special work site, or
(ii)a location at which, by virtue of its remoteness from any established community, the taxpayer could not reasonably be expected to establish and maintain a self-contained domestic establishment,
if the period during which the taxpayer was required by the taxpayer’s duties to be away from the taxpayer’s principal place of residence, or to be at the special work site or location, was not less than 36 hours; or
(b)transportation between
(i)the principal place of residence and the special work site referred to in subparagraph 6(6)(a)(i), or
(ii)the location referred to in subparagraph 6(6)(a)(ii) and a location in Canada or a location in the country in which the taxpayer is employed,
in respect of a period described in paragraph 6(6)(a) during which the taxpayer received board and lodging, or a reasonable allowance in respect of board and lodging, from the taxpayer’s employer.
Marginal note:Cost of property or service
(7)To the extent that the cost to a person of purchasing a property or service or an amount payable by a person for the purpose of leasing property is taken into account in determining an amount required under this section to be included in computing a taxpayer’s income for a taxation year, that cost or amount payable, as the case may be, shall include any tax that was payable by the person in respect of the property or service or that would have been so payable if the person were not exempt from the payment of that tax because of the nature of the person or the use to which the property or service is to be put.
Marginal note:GST rebates re costs of property or service
(8)If
(a)an amount in respect of an outlay or expense is deducted under section 8 in computing the income of a taxpayer for a taxation year from an office or employment, or
(b)an amount is included in the capital cost to a taxpayer of a property described in subparagraph 8(1)(j)(ii) or 8(1)(p)(ii),
and a particular amount is paid to the taxpayer in a particular taxation year as a rebate under theExcise Tax Actin respect of any goods and services tax included in the amount of the outlay or expense, or the capital cost of the property, as the case may be, the particular amount
(c)to the extent that it relates to an outlay or expense referred to in paragraph (a), shall be included in computing the taxpayer’s income from an office or employment for the particular taxation year, and
(d)to the extent that it relates to the capital cost of property referred to in paragraph (b), is deemed, for the purposes of subsection 13(7.1), to have been received by the taxpayer in the particular taxation year as assistance from a government for the acquisition of the property.
Marginal note:Amount in respect of interest on employee debt
(9)Where an amount in respect of a loan or debt is deemed by subsection 80.4(1) to be a benefit received in a taxation year by an individual, the amount of the benefit shall be included in computing the income of the individual for the year as income from an office or employment.
Marginal note:Contributions to an employee benefit plan
(10)For the purposes of subparagraph 6(1)(g)(ii),
(a)an amount included in the income of an individual in respect of an employee benefit plan for a taxation year preceding the year in which it was paid out of the plan shall be deemed to be an amount contributed to the plan by the individual; and
(b)where an amount is received in a taxation year by an individual from an employee benefit plan that was in a preceding year an employee trust, such portion of the amount so received by the individual as does not exceed the amount, if any, by which the lesser of
(i)the amount, if any, by which
(A)the total of all amounts allocated to the individual or a deceased person of whom the individual is an heir or legal representative by the trustee of the plan at a time when it was an employee trust
exceeds
(B)the total of all amounts previously paid out of the plan to or for the benefit of the individual or the deceased person at a time when the plan was an employee trust, and
(ii)the portion of the amount, if any, by which the cost amount to the plan of its property immediately before it ceased to be an employee trust exceeds its liabilities at that time that
(A)the amount determined under subparagraph 6(10)(b)(i) in respect of the individual
is of
(B)the total of amounts determined under subparagraph 6(10)(b)(i) in respect of all individuals who were beneficiaries under the plan immediately before it ceased to be an employee trust
exceeds
(iii)the total of all amounts previously received out of the plan by the individual or a deceased person of whom the individual is an heir or legal representative at a time when the plan was an employee benefit plan to the extent that the amounts were deemed by this paragraph to be a return of amounts contributed to the plan
shall be deemed to be the return of an amount contributed to the plan by the individual.
Marginal note:Salary deferral arrangement
(11)Where at the end of a taxation year any person has a right under a salary deferral arrangement in respect of a taxpayer to receive a deferred amount, an amount equal to the deferred amount shall be deemed, for the purposes only of paragraph 6(1)(a), to have been received by the taxpayer as a benefit in the year, to the extent that the amount was not otherwise included in computing the taxpayer’s income for the year or any preceding taxation year.
Marginal note:Idem
(12)Where at the end of a taxation year any person has a right under a salary deferral arrangement (other than a trust governed by a salary deferral arrangement) in respect of a taxpayer to receive a deferred amount, an amount equal to any interest or other additional amount that accrued to, or for the benefit of, that person to the end of the year in respect of the deferred amount shall be deemed at the end of the year, for the purposes only of subsection 6(11), to be a deferred amount that the person has a right to receive under the arrangement.
Marginal note:Application
(13)Subsection 6(11) does not apply in respect of a deferred amount under a salary deferral arrangement in respect of a taxpayer that was established primarily for the benefit of one or more non-resident employees in respect of services to be rendered in a country other than Canada, to the extent that the deferred amount
(a)was in respect of services rendered by an employee who
(i)was not resident in Canada at the time the services were rendered, or
(ii)was resident in Canada for a period (in this subsection referred to as an “excluded period”) of not more than 36 of the 72 months preceding the time the services were rendered and was an employee to whom the arrangement applied before the employee became resident in Canada; and
(b)cannot reasonably be regarded as being in respect of services rendered or to be rendered during a period (other than an excluded period) when the employee was resident in Canada.
Marginal note:Part of plan or arrangement
(14)Where deferred amounts under a salary deferral arrangement in respect of a taxpayer (in this subsection referred to as “that arrangement”) are required to be included as benefits under paragraph 6(1)(a) in computing the taxpayer’s income and that arrangement is part of a plan or arrangement (in this subsection referred to as the “plan”) under which amounts or benefits not related to the deferred amounts are payable or provided, for the purposes of this Act, other than this subsection,
(a)that arrangement shall be deemed to be a separate arrangement independent of other parts of the plan of which it is a part; and
(b)where any person has a right to a deferred amount under that arrangement, an amount received by the person as a benefit at any time out of or under the plan shall be deemed to have been received out of or under that arrangement except to the extent that it exceeds the amount, if any, by which
(i)the total of all deferred amounts under that arrangement that were included under paragraph 6(1)(a) as benefits in computing the taxpayer’s income for taxation years ending before that time
exceeds
(ii)the total of
(A)all deferred amounts received by any person before that time out of or under the plan that were deemed by this paragraph to have been received out of or under that arrangement, and
(B)all deferred amounts under that arrangement that were deducted under paragraph 8(1)(o) in computing the taxpayer’s income for the year or preceding taxation years.
Marginal note:Forgiveness of employee debt
(15)For the purpose of paragraph 6(1)(a),
(a)a benefit shall be deemed to have been enjoyed by a taxpayer at any time an obligation issued by any debtor (including the taxpayer) is settled or extinguished; and
(b)the value of that benefit shall be deemed to be the forgiven amount at that time in respect of the obligation.
Marginal note:Forgiven amount
(15.1)For the purpose of subsection 6(15), theforgiven amountat any time in respect of an obligation issued by a debtor has the meaning that would be assigned by subsection 80(1) if
(a)the obligation were a commercial obligation (within the meaning assigned by subsection 80(1)) issued by the debtor;
(b)no amount included in computing income because of the obligation being settled or extinguished at that time were taken into account;
(c)the definitionforgiven amountin subsection 80(1) were read without reference to paragraphs (f) and (h) of the description of B in that definition; and
(d)section 80 were read without reference to paragraphs (2)(b) and (q) of that section.
Marginal note:Disability-related employment benefits
(16)Notwithstanding subsection 6(1), in computing an individual’s income for a taxation year from an office or employment, there shall not be included any amount received or enjoyed by the individual in respect of, in the course of or because of the individual’s office or employment that is the value of a benefit relating to, or an allowance (not in excess of a reasonable amount) in respect of expenses incurred by the individual for,
(a)the transportation of the individual between the individual’s ordinary place of residence and the individual’s work location (including parking near that location) if the individual is blind or is a person in respect of whom an amount is deductible, or would but for paragraph 118.3(1)(c) be deductible, because of the individual’s mobility impairment, under section 118.3 in computing a taxpayer’s tax payable under this Part for the year; or
(b)an attendant to assist the individual in the performance of the individual’s duties if the individual is a person in respect of whom an amount is deductible, or would but for paragraph 118.3(1)(c) be deductible, under section 118.3 in computing a taxpayer’s tax payable under this Part for the year.
Marginal note:Definitions
(17)The definitions in this subsection apply in this subsection and subsection 6(18).
disability policymeans a group disability insurance policy that provides for periodic payments to individuals in respect of the loss of remuneration from an office or employment. (police d’assurance-invalidité)
employerof an individual includes a former employer of the individual. (employeur)
top-up disability paymentin respect of an individual means a payment made by an employer of the individual as a consequence of the insolvency of an insurer that was obligated to make payments to the individual under a disability policy where
(a)the payment is made to an insurer so that periodic payments made to the individual under the policy will not be reduced because of the insolvency, or will be reduced by a lesser amount, or
(b)the following conditions are satisfied:
(i)the payment is made to the individual to replace, in whole or in part, periodic payments that would have been made under the policy to the individual but for the insolvency, and
(ii)the payment is made under an arrangement by which the individual is required to reimburse the payment to the extent that the individual subsequently receives an amount from an insurer in respect of the portion of the periodic payments that the payment was intended to replace.
For the purposes of paragraphs (a) and (b), an insurance policy that replaces a disability policy is deemed to be the same policy as, and a continuation of, the disability policy that was replaced. (paiement compensatoire pour invalidité)
Marginal note:Group disability benefits — insolvent insurer
(18)Where an employer of an individual makes a top-up disability payment in respect of the individual,
(a)the payment is, for the purpose of paragraph 6(1)(a), deemed not to be a benefit received or enjoyed by the individual;
(b)the payment is, for the purpose of paragraph 6(1)(f), deemed not to be a contribution made by the employer to or under the disability insurance plan of which the disability policy in respect of which the payment is made is or was a part; and
(c)if the payment is made to the individual, it is, for the purpose of paragraph 6(1)(f), deemed to be an amount payable to the individual pursuant to the plan.
Marginal note:Benefit re housing loss
(19)For the purpose of paragraph (1)(a), an amount paid at any time in respect of a housing loss (other than an eligible housing loss) to or on behalf of a taxpayer or a person who does not deal at arm’s length with the taxpayer in respect of, in the course of or because of, an office or employment is deemed to be a benefit received by the taxpayer at that time because of the office or employment.
Marginal note:Benefit re eligible housing loss
(20)For the purpose of paragraph (1)(a), an amount paid at any time in a taxation year in respect of an eligible housing loss to or on behalf of a taxpayer or a person who does not deal at arm’s length with the taxpayer in respect of, in the course of or because of, an office or employment is deemed to be a benefit received by the taxpayer at that time because of the office or employment to the extent of the amount, if any, by which
(a)one half of the amount, if any, by which the total of all amounts each of which is so paid in the year or in a preceding taxation year exceeds $15,000
exceeds
(b)the total of all amounts each of which is an amount included in computing the taxpayer’s income because of this subsection for a preceding taxation year in respect of the loss.
Marginal note:Housing loss
(21)In this section,housing lossat any time in respect of a residence of a taxpayer means the amount, if any, by which the greater of
(a)the adjusted cost base of the residence at that time to the taxpayer or to another person who does not deal at arm’s length with the taxpayer, and
(b)the highest fair market value of the residence within the six-month period that ends at that time exceeds
(c)if the residence is disposed of by the taxpayer or the other person before the end of the first taxation year that begins after that time, the lesser of
(i)the proceeds of disposition of the residence, and
(ii)the fair market value of the residence at that time, and
(d)in any other case, the fair market value of the residence at that time.
Marginal note:Eligible housing loss
(22)In this section,eligible housing lossin respect of a residence designated by a taxpayer means a housing loss in respect of an eligible relocation of the taxpayer or a person who does not deal at arm’s length with the taxpayer and, for these purposes, no more than one residence may be so designated in respect of an eligible relocation.
Marginal note:Employer-provided housing subsidies
(23)For greater certainty, an amount paid or the value of assistance provided by any person in respect of, in the course of or because of, an individual’s office or employment in respect of the cost of, the financing of, the use of or the right to use, a residence is, for the purposes of this section, a benefit received by the individual because of the office or employment.
Marginal note:Agreement to issue securities to employees
7(1)Subject to subsection (1.1), where a particular qualifying person has agreed to sell or issue securities of the particular qualifying person (or of a qualifying person with which the particular qualifying person does not deal at arm’s length) to an employee of the particular qualifying person (or of a qualifying person with which the particular qualifying person does not deal at arm’s length),
(a)if the employee has acquired securities under the agreement, a benefit equal to the amount, if any, by which
(i)the value of the securities at the time the employee acquired them
exceeds the total of
(ii)the amount paid or to be paid to the particular qualifying person by the employee for the securities, and
(iii)the amount, if any, paid by the employee to acquire the right to acquire the securities
is deemed to have been received, in the taxation year in which the employee acquired the securities, by the employee because of the employee’s employment;
(b)if the employee has transferred or otherwise disposed of rights under the agreement in respect of some or all of the securities to a person with whom the employee was dealing at arm’s length, a benefit equal to the amount, if any, by which
(i)the value of the consideration for the disposition
exceeds
(ii)the amount, if any, paid by the employee to acquire those rights
shall be deemed to have been received, in the taxation year in which the employee made the disposition, by the employee because of the employee’s employment;
(b.1)if the employee has transferred or otherwise disposed of rights under the agreement in respect of some or all of the securities to the particular qualifying person (or a qualifying person with which the particular qualifying person does not deal at arm’s length) with whom the employee was not dealing at arm’s length, a benefit equal to the amount, if any, by which
(i)the value of the consideration for the disposition
exceeds
(ii)the amount, if any, paid by the employee to acquire those rights
is deemed to have been received, in the taxation year in which the employee made the disposition, by the employee because of the employee’s employment;
(c)if rights of the employee under the agreement have, by one or more transactions between persons not dealing at arm’s length, become vested in a person who has acquired securities under the agreement, a benefit equal to the amount, if any, by which
(i)the value of the securities at the time the person acquired them
exceeds the total of
(ii)the amount paid or to be paid to the particular qualifying person by the person for the securities, and
(iii)the amount, if any, paid by the employee to acquire the right to acquire the securities,
is deemed to have been received, in the taxation year in which the person acquired the securities, by the employee because of the employee’s employment, unless at the time the person acquired the securities the employee was deceased, in which case such a benefit is deemed to have been received by the person in that year as income from the duties of an employment performed by the person in that year in the country in which the employee primarily performed the duties of the employee’s employment;
(d)if rights of the employee under the agreement have, by one or more transactions between persons not dealing at arm’s length, become vested in a particular person who has transferred or otherwise disposed of rights under the agreement to another person with whom the particular person was dealing at arm’s length, a benefit equal to the amount, if any, by which
(i)the value of the consideration for the disposition
exceeds
(ii)the amount, if any, paid by the employee to acquire those rights
shall be deemed to have been received, in the taxation year in which the particular person made the disposition, by the employee because of the employee’s employment, unless at the time the other person acquired the rights the employee was deceased, in which case such a benefit shall be deemed to have been received by the particular person in that year as income from the duties of an employment performed by the particular person in that year in the country in which the employee primarily performed the duties of the employee’s employment; and
(d.1)if rights of the employee under the agreement have, by one or more transactions between persons not dealing at arm’s length, become vested in a particular person who has transferred or otherwise disposed of rights under the agreement to a particular qualifying person (or a qualifying person with which the particular qualifying person does not deal at arm’s length) with whom the particular person was not dealing at arm’s length, a benefit equal to the amount, if any, by which
(i)the value of the consideration for the disposition
exceeds
(ii)the amount, if any, paid by the employee to acquire those rights
is deemed to have been received, in the taxation year in which the particular person made the disposition, by the employee because of the employee’s employment, unless at the time of the disposition the employee was deceased, in which case such a benefit is deemed to have been received by the particular person in that year as income from the duties of an employment performed by the particular person in that year in the country in which the employee primarily performed the duties of the employee’s employment; and
(e)if the employee has died and immediately before death owned a right to acquire securities under the agreement, a benefit equal to the amount, if any, by which
(i)the value of the right immediately after the death
exceeds
(ii)the amount, if any, paid by the employee to acquire the right
shall be deemed to have been received, in the taxation year in which the employee died, by the employee because of the employee’s employment, and paragraphs 7(1)(b), 7(1)(c) and 7(1)(d) do not apply.
Marginal note:Employee stock options
(1.1)Where after March 31, 1977 a Canadian-controlled private corporation (in this subsection referred to as “the corporation”) has agreed to sell or issue a share of the capital stock of the corporation or of a Canadian-controlled private corporation with which it does not deal at arm’s length to an employee of the corporation or of a Canadian-controlled private corporation with which it does not deal at arm’s length and at the time immediately after the agreement was made the employee was dealing at arm’s length with
(a)the corporation,
(b)the Canadian-controlled private corporation, the share of the capital stock of which has been agreed to be sold by the corporation, and
(c)the Canadian-controlled private corporation that is the employer of the employee,
in applying paragraph (1)(a) in respect of the employee’s acquisition of the share, the reference in that paragraph to “the taxation year in which the employee acquired the securities” shall be read as a reference to “the taxation year in which the employee disposed of or exchanged the securities”.
Marginal note:Non-arm’s length relationship with trusts
(1.11)For the purposes of this section, a mutual fund trust is deemed not to deal at arm’s length with a corporation only if the trust controls the corporation.
Marginal note:Order of disposition of securities
(1.3)For the purposes of this subsection, subsection (1.1), Subdivision C, paragraph 110(1)(d.01), subparagraph 110(1)(d.1)(ii) and subsections 110(2.1) and 147(10.4), and subject to subsection (1.31), a taxpayer is deemed to dispose of securities that are identical properties in the order in which the taxpayer acquired them and, for this purpose,
(a)if a taxpayer acquires a particular security (other than under circumstances to which subsection (1.1) or 147(10.1) applies) at a time when the taxpayer also acquires or holds one or more other securities that are identical to the particular security and are, or were, acquired under circumstances to which subsection (1.1) or 147(10.1) applied, the taxpayer is deemed to have acquired the particular security at the time immediately preceding the earliest of the times at which the taxpayer acquired those other securities; and
(b)if a taxpayer acquires, at the same time, two or more identical securities under circumstances to which subsection (1.1) applied, the taxpayer is deemed to have acquired the securities in the order in which the agreements under which the taxpayer acquired the rights to acquire the securities were made.
Marginal note:Disposition of newly-acquired security
(1.31)Where a taxpayer acquires, at a particular time, a particular security under an agreement referred to in subsection (1) and, on a day that is no later than 30 days after the day that includes the particular time, the taxpayer disposes of a security that is identical to the particular security, the particular security is deemed to be the security that is so disposed of if
(a)no other securities that are identical to the particular security are acquired, or disposed of, by the taxpayer after the particular time and before the disposition;
(b)the taxpayer identifies the particular security as the security so disposed of in the taxpayer’s return of income under this Part for the year in which the disposition occurs; and
(c)the taxpayer has not so identified the particular security, in accordance with this subsection, in connection with the disposition of any other security.
Marginal note:Exchange of options
(1.4)Where
(a)a taxpayer disposes of rights under an agreement referred to in subsection (1) to acquire securities of a particular qualifying person that made the agreement or of a qualifying person with which it does not deal at arm’s length (which rights and securities are referred to in this subsection as the “exchanged option” and the “old securities”, respectively),
(b)the taxpayer receives no consideration for the disposition of the exchanged option other than rights under an agreement with a person (in this subsection referred to as the “designated person”) that is
(i)the particular person,
(ii)a qualifying person with which the particular person does not deal at arm’s length immediately after the disposition,
(iii)a corporation formed on the amalgamation or merger of the particular person and one or more other corporations,
(iv)a mutual fund trust to which the particular person has transferred property in circumstances to which subsection 132.2(1) applied,
(v)a qualifying person with which the corporation referred to in subparagraph (iii) does not deal at arm’s length immediately after the disposition, or
(vi)if the disposition is before 2013 and the old securities were equity in a SIFT wind-up entity that was at the time of the disposition a mutual fund trust, a SIFT wind-up corporation in respect of the SIFT wind-up entity
to acquire securities of the designated person or a qualifying person with which the designated person does not deal at arm’s length (which rights and securities are referred to in this subsection as the “new option” and the “new securities”, respectively), and
(c)the amount, if any, by which
(i)the total value of the new securities immediately after the disposition
exceeds
(ii)the total amount payable by the taxpayer to acquire the new securities under the new option
does not exceed the amount, if any, by which
(iii)the total value of the old securities immediately before the disposition
exceeds
(iv)the amount payable by the taxpayer to acquire the old securities under the exchanged option,
for the purposes of this section,
(d)the taxpayer is deemed (other than for the purposes of subparagraph (9)(d)(ii)) not to have disposed of the exchanged option and not to have acquired the new option,
(e)the new option is deemed to be the same option as, and a continuation of, the exchanged option, and
(f)if the designated person is not the particular person, the designated person is deemed to be the same person as, and a continuation of, the particular person.
Marginal note:Rules where securities exchanged
(1.5)For the purposes of this section and paragraphs 110(1)(d) to (d.1), where
(a)a taxpayer disposes of or exchanges securities of a particular qualifying person that were acquired by the taxpayer under circumstances to which subsection (1.1) applied (in this subsection referred to as the “exchanged securities”),
(b)the taxpayer receives no consideration for the disposition or exchange of the exchanged securities other than securities (in this subsection referred to as the “new securities”) of
(i)the particular qualifying person,
(ii)a qualifying person with which the particular qualifying person does not deal at arm’s length immediately after the disposition or exchange,
(iii)a corporation formed on the amalgamation or merger of the particular qualifying person and one or more other corporations,
(iv)a mutual fund trust to which the particular qualifying person has transferred property in circumstances to which subsection 132.2(1) applied, or
(v)a qualifying person with which the corporation referred to in subparagraph (iii) does not deal at arm’s length immediately after the disposition or exchange, and
(c)the total value of the new securities immediately after the disposition or exchange does not exceed the total value of the old securities immediately before the disposition or exchange,
the following rules apply:
(d)the taxpayer is deemed not to have disposed of or exchanged the exchanged securities and not to have acquired the new securities,
(e)the new securities are deemed to be the same securities as, and a continuation of, the exchanged securities, except for the purpose of determining if the new securities are identical to any other securities,
(f)the qualifying person that issued the new securities is deemed to be the same person as, and a continuation of, the qualifying person that issued the exchanged securities, and
(g)where the exchanged securities were issued under an agreement, the new securities are deemed to have been issued under that agreement.
Marginal note:Emigrant
(1.6)For the purposes of this section and paragraph 110(1)(d.1), a taxpayer is deemed not to have disposed of a share acquired under circumstances to which subsection (1.1) applied solely because of subsection 128.1(4).
Marginal note:Rights ceasing to be exercisable
(1.7)For the purposes of subsections (1) and 110(1), if a taxpayer receives at a particular time one or more particular amounts in respect of rights of the taxpayer to acquire securities under an agreement referred to in subsection (1) ceasing to be exercisable in accordance with the terms of the agreement, and the cessation would not, if this Act were read without reference to this subsection, constitute a transfer or disposition of those rights by the taxpayer,
(a)the taxpayer is deemed to have disposed of those rights at the particular time to a person with whom the taxpayer was dealing at arm’s length and to have received the particular amounts as consideration for the disposition; and
(b)for the purpose of determining the amount, if any, of the benefit that is deemed to have been received as a consequence of the disposition referred to in paragraph (a), the taxpayer is deemed to have paid an amount to acquire those rights equal to the amount, if any, by which
(i)the amount paid by the taxpayer to acquire those rights (determined without reference to this subsection)
exceeds
(ii)the total of all amounts each of which is an amount received by the taxpayer before the particular time in respect of the cessation.
Marginal note:Securities held by trustee
(2)If a security is held by a trustee in trust or otherwise, whether absolutely, conditionally or contingently, for an employee, the employee is deemed, for the purposes of this section and paragraphs 110(1)(d) to (d.1),
(a)to have acquired the security at the time the trust began to so hold it; and
(b)to have exchanged or disposed of the security at the time the trust exchanged it or disposed of it to any person other than the employee.
Marginal note:Special provision
(3)If a particular qualifying person has agreed to sell or issue securities of the particular person, or of a qualifying person with which it does not deal at arm’s length, to an employee of the particular person or of a qualifying person with which it does not deal at arm’s length,
(a)except as provided by this section, the employee is deemed to have neither received nor enjoyed any benefit under or because of the agreement; and
(b)the income for a taxation year of any person is deemed to be not less than its income for the year would have been if a benefit had not been conferred on the employee by the sale or issue of the securities.
Marginal note:Application of s. (1)
(4)For greater certainty it is hereby declared that, where a person to whom any provision of subsection 7(1) would otherwise apply has ceased to be an employee before all things have happened that would make that provision applicable, subsection 7(1) shall continue to apply as though the person were still an employee and as though the employment were still in existence.
Marginal note:Non-application of this section
(5)This section does not apply if the benefit conferred by the agreement was not received in respect of, in the course of, or by virtue of, the employment.
Marginal note:Sale to trustee for employees
(6)If a particular qualifying person has entered into an arrangement under which securities of the particular person, or of a qualifying person with which it does not deal at arm’s length, are sold or issued by either person to a trustee to be held by the trustee in trust for sale to an employee of the particular person or of a qualifying person with which it does not deal at arm’s length,
(a)for the purposes of this section (other than subsection (2)) and paragraphs 110(1)(d) to (d.1),
(i)any particular rights of the employee under the arrangement in respect of those securities are deemed to be rights under a particular agreement with the particular person under which the particular person has agreed to sell or issue securities to the employee,
(ii)any securities acquired under the arrangement by the employee or by a person in whom the particular rights have become vested are deemed to be securities acquired under the particular agreement, and
(iii)any amounts paid or agreed to be paid to the trustee for any securities acquired under the arrangement by the employee or by a person in whom the particular rights have become vested are deemed to be amounts paid or agreed to be paid to the particular person for securities acquired under the particular agreement; and
(b)subsection (2) does not apply in respect of securities held by the trustee under the arrangement.
Marginal note:Definitions
(7)The following definitions apply in this section and in subsection 47(3), paragraph 53(1)(j), subsection 110(0.1), paragraphs 110(1)(d), (d.01) and (e) and subsections 110(1.1) to (1.9) and (2.1).
qualifying personmeans a corporation or a mutual fund trust. (personne admissible)
securityof a qualifying person means
(a)if the person is a corporation, a share of the capital stock of the corporation; and
(b)if the person is a mutual fund trust, a unit of the trust. (titre)
(8) to (15)[Repealed, 2010, c. 25, s. 3]
Marginal note:Prescribed form for deferral
(16)Where, at any time in a taxation year, a taxpayer holds a security that was acquired under circumstances to which subsection (8) applied, the taxpayer shall file with the Minister, with the taxpayer’s return of income for the year, a prescribed form containing prescribed information relating to the taxpayer’s acquisition and disposition of securities under agreements referred to in subsection (1).
Marginal note:Deductions allowed
8(1)In computing a taxpayer’s income for a taxation year from an office or employment, there may be deducted such of the following amounts as are wholly applicable to that source or such part of the following amounts as may reasonably be regarded as applicable thereto
(a)[Repealed, 2001, c. 17, s. 3(1)]
Marginal note:Legal expenses of employee
(b)amounts paid by the taxpayer in the year as or on account of legal expenses incurred by the taxpayer to collect, or to establish a right to, an amount owed to the taxpayer that, if received by the taxpayer, would be required by this Subdivision to be included in computing the taxpayer’s income;
Marginal note:Clergy residence
(c)where, in the year, the taxpayer
(i)is a member of the clergy or of a religious order or a regular minister of a religious denomination, and
(ii)is
(A)in charge of a diocese, parish or congregation,
(B)ministering to a diocese, parish or congregation, or
(C)engaged exclusively in full-time administrative service by appointment of a religious order or religious denomination,
the amount, not exceeding the taxpayer’s remuneration for the year from the office or employment, equal to
(iii)the total of all amounts including amounts in respect of utilities, included in computing the taxpayer’s income for the year under section 6 in respect of the residence or other living accommodation occupied by the taxpayer in the course of, or because of, the taxpayer’s office or employment as such a member or minister so in charge of or ministering to a diocese, parish or congregation, or so engaged in such administrative service, or
(iv)rent and utilities paid by the taxpayer for the taxpayer’s principal place of residence (or other principal living accommodation), ordinarily occupied during the year by the taxpayer, or the fair rental value of such a residence (or other living accommodation), including utilities, owned by the taxpayer or the taxpayer’s spouse or common-law partner, not exceeding the lesser of
(A)the greater of
(I)$1,000 multiplied by the number of months (to a maximum of ten) in the year, during which the taxpayer is a person described in subparagraphs (i) and (ii), and
(II)one-third of the taxpayer’s remuneration for the year from the office or employment, and
(B)the amount, if any, by which
(I)the rent paid or the fair rental value of the residence or living accommodation, including utilities
exceeds
(II)the total of all amounts each of which is an amount deducted, in connection with the same accommodation or residence, in computing an individual’s income for the year from an office or employment or from a business (other than an amount deducted under this paragraph by the taxpayer), to the extent that the amount can reasonably be considered to relate to the period, or a portion of the period, in respect of which an amount is claimed by the taxpayer under this paragraph;
Marginal note:Teachers’ exchange fund contribution
(d)a single amount, in respect of all employments of the taxpayer as a teacher, not exceeding $250 paid by the taxpayer in the year to a fund established by the Canadian Education Association for the benefit of teachers from Commonwealth countries present in Canada under a teachers’ exchange arrangement;
Marginal note:Expenses of railway employees
(e)amounts disbursed by the taxpayer in the year for meals and lodging while employed by a railway company
(i)away from the taxpayer’s ordinary place of residence as a relieving telegrapher or station agent or on maintenance and repair work, or
(ii)away from the municipality and the metropolitan area, if there is one, where the taxpayer’s home terminal was located, and at a location from which, by reason of distance from the place where the taxpayer maintained a self-contained domestic establishment in which the taxpayer resided and actually supported a spouse or common-law partner or a person dependent on the taxpayer for support and connected with the taxpayer by blood relationship, marriage or common-law partnership or adoption, the taxpayer could not reasonably be expected to return daily to that place,
to the extent that the taxpayer has not been reimbursed and is not entitled to be reimbursed in respect thereof;
Marginal note:Sales expenses
(f)where the taxpayer was employed in the year in connection with the selling of property or negotiating of contracts for the taxpayer’s employer, and
(i)under the contract of employment was required to pay the taxpayer’s own expenses,
(ii)was ordinarily required to carry on the duties of the employment away from the employer’s place of business,
(iii)was remunerated in whole or part by commissions or other similar amounts fixed by reference to the volume of the sales made or the contracts negotiated, and
(iv)was not in receipt of an allowance for travel expenses in respect of the taxation year that was, by virtue of subparagraph 6(1)(b)(v), not included in computing the taxpayer’s income,
amounts expended by the taxpayer in the year for the purpose of earning the income from the employment (not exceeding the commissions or other similar amounts referred to in subparagraph 8(1)(f)(iii) and received by the taxpayer in the year) to the extent that those amounts were not
(v)outlays, losses or replacements of capital or payments on account of capital, except as described in paragraph 8(1)(j),
(vi)outlays or expenses that would, by virtue of paragraph 18(1)(l), not be deductible in computing the taxpayer’s income for the year if the employment were a business carried on by the taxpayer, or
(vii)amounts the payment of which reduced the amount that would otherwise be included in computing the taxpayer’s income for the year because of paragraph 6(1)(e);
Marginal note:Transport employee’s expenses
(g)where the taxpayer was an employee of a person whose principal business was passenger, goods, or passenger and goods transport and the duties of the employment required the taxpayer, regularly,
(i)to travel, away from the municipality where the employer’s establishment to which the taxpayer reported for work was located and away from the metropolitan area, if there is one, where it was located, on vehicles used by the employer to transport the goods or passengers, and
(ii)while so away from that municipality and metropolitan area, to make disbursements for meals and lodging,
amounts so disbursed by the taxpayer in the year to the extent that the taxpayer has not been reimbursed and is not entitled to be reimbursed in respect thereof;
Marginal note:Travel expenses
(h)where the taxpayer, in the year,
(i)was ordinarily required to carry on the duties of the office or employment away from the employer’s place of business or in different places, and
(ii)was required under the contract of employment to pay the travel expenses incurred by the taxpayer in the performance of the duties of the office or employment,
amounts expended by the taxpayer in the year (other than motor vehicle expenses) for travelling in the course of the office or employment, except where the taxpayer
(iii)received an allowance for travel expenses that was, because of subparagraph 6(1)(b)(v), 6(1)(b)(vi) or 6(1)(b)(vii), not included in computing the taxpayer’s income for the year, or
(iv)claims a deduction for the year under paragraph 8(1)(e), 8(1)(f) or 8(1)(g);
Marginal note:Motor vehicle travel expenses
(h.1)where the taxpayer, in the year,
(i)was ordinarily required to carry on the duties of the office or employment away from the employer’s place of business or in different places, and
(ii)was required under the contract of employment to pay motor vehicle expenses incurred in the performance of the duties of the office or employment,
amounts expended by the taxpayer in the year in respect of motor vehicle expenses incurred for travelling in the course of the office or employment, except where the taxpayer
(iii)received an allowance for motor vehicle expenses that was, because of paragraph 6(1)(b), not included in computing the taxpayer’s income for the year, or
(iv)claims a deduction for the year under paragraph 8(1)(f);
Marginal note:Dues and other expenses of performing duties
(i)an amount paid by the taxpayer in the year, or on behalf of the taxpayer in the year if the amount paid on behalf of the taxpayer is required to be included in the taxpayer’s income for the year, as
(i)annual professional membership dues the payment of which was necessary to maintain a professional status recognized by statute,
(ii)office rent, or salary to an assistant or substitute, the payment of which by the officer or employee was required by the contract of employment,
(iii)the cost of supplies that were consumed directly in the performance of the duties of the office or employment and that the officer or employee was required by the contract of employment to supply and pay for,
(iv)annual dues to maintain membership in a trade union as defined
(A)by section 3 of the Canada Labour Code, or
(B)in any provincial statute providing for the investigation, conciliation or settlement of industrial disputes,
or to maintain membership in an association of public servants the primary object of which is to promote the improvement of the members’ conditions of employment or work,
(v)annual dues that were, pursuant to the provisions of a collective agreement, retained by the taxpayer’s employer from the taxpayer’s remuneration and paid to a trade union or association designated in subparagraph 8(1)(i)(iv) of which the taxpayer was not a member,
(vi)dues to a parity or advisory committee or similar body, the payment of which was required under the laws of a province in respect of the employment for the year, and
(vii)dues to a professions board, the payment of which was required under the laws of a province,
to the extent that the taxpayer has not been reimbursed, and is not entitled to be reimbursed in respect thereof;
Marginal note:Motor vehicle and aircraft costs
(j)where a deduction may be made under paragraph 8(1)(f), 8(1)(h) or 8(1)(h.1) in computing the taxpayer’s income from an office or employment for a taxation year,
(i)any interest paid by the taxpayer in the year on borrowed money used for the purpose of acquiring, or on an amount payable for the acquisition of, property that is
(A)a motor vehicle that is used, or
(B)an aircraft that is required for use
in the performance of the duties of the taxpayer’s office or employment, and
(ii)such part, if any, of the capital cost to the taxpayer of
(A)a motor vehicle that is used, or
(B)an aircraft that is required for use
in the performance of the duties of the office or employment as is allowed by regulation;
Marginal note:C.P.P. contributions and U.I.A. premiums
(l.1)any amount payable by the taxpayer in the year
(i)as an employer’s premium under the employmentInsurance Act, or
(ii)as an employer’s contribution under theCanada Pension Planor under a provincial pension plan as defined in section 3 of theCanada Pension Plan,
in respect of salary, wages or other remuneration, including gratuities, paid to an individual employed by the taxpayer as an assistant or substitute to perform the duties of the taxpayer’s office or employment if an amount is deductible by the taxpayer for the year under subparagraph 8(1)(i)(ii) in respect of that individual;
Marginal note:Quebec parental insurance plan
(l.2)an amount payable by the taxpayer in the year as an employer’s premium under theAct respecting parental insurance, R.S.Q., c