their own way, which may be similar to or 
different from how doctors describe the 
problem. How would you describe your 
problem?
Ask how individual frames the problem for members 
of the social network.2. Sometimes people have different ways of 
describing their problem to their family, 
friends, or others in their community. How 
would you describe your problem to them?
Focus on the aspects of the problem that matter most 
to the individual.3. What troubles you mo st about your prob-
lem?
CULTURAL PERCEPTIONS OF CA USE, CONTEXT, AND SUPPORT
CAUSES
(Explanatory Model, Social Network, Older Adults)
This question indicates the meaning of the condition 
for the individual, which may be relevant for clin-
ical care.4. Why do you think this is happening to 
you? What do you think are the causes of 
your [PROBLEM]?
Note that individuals may identify multiple causes, 
depending on the facet of the problem they are con-
sidering.PROMPT FURTHER IF REQUIRED:
Some people may explain their problem as 
the result of bad things that happen in their 
life, problems with others, a physical ill-
ness, a spiritual reason, or many other 
causes.
Focus on the views of memb ers of the in dividual’s 
social network. These may be diverse and vary from 
the individual’s.5. What do others in your family, your 
friends, or others in your community think 
is causing your [PROBLEM]?