Comorbidity
Short-duration hypomania, similar to full hypomanic episodes, has been associated with
higher rates of comorbid anxi ety disorders and substance use disorders than are found in
the general population.
Persistent Complex Bereavement Disorder
Proposed Criteria  
A. The individual experienced the death of someone with whom he or she had a close re-
lationship.
B. Since the death, at least one of the following symptoms is experienced on more days
than not and to a clinically significant degree and has persisted for at least 12 months
after the death in the case of bereaved adults and 6 months for bereaved children:
1. Persistent yearning/longing for the deceased. In young children, yearning may be
expressed in play and behavior, including behaviors that reflect being separated
from, and also reuniting with, a caregiver or other attachment figure.
2. Intense sorrow and emotional pain in response to the death.
3. Preoccupation with the deceased.
4. Preoccupation with the circumstances of the death. In children, this preoccupation
with the deceased may be expressed through the themes of play and behavior and
may extend to preoccupation with possible death of others close to them.
C. Since the death, at least six of the following symptoms are experienced on more days
than not and to a clinically significant degree, and have persisted for at least 12 months
after the death in the case of bereaved adults and 6 months for bereaved children: