hypnotics, or anxiolytics; st imulants (including cocaine); and other (or unknown) sub-
stances. Prominent and severe sleep disturbances can occur in association with withdrawal
from the following classes of substances: alcohol; caffeine; cannabis; opioids; sedatives,
hypnotics, or anxiolytics; stimulant (includi ng cocaine); tobacco; and other (or unknown)
substances. Some medications that invoke sl eep disturbances include adrenergic agonists
and antagonists, dopamine agonists and antagonists, cholinergic agonists and antagonists,
serotonergic agonists and antagonists,  antihistamines, and corticosteroids.