mental functioning, such as “going crazy” or  losing control (Criterion B). The maladaptive
changes in behavior represent attempts to mi nimize or avoid panic attacks or their conse-
quences. Examples include avoiding physical exertion, reorganizing daily life to ensure
that help is available in the event of a pani c attack, restricting usual daily activities, and
avoiding agoraphobia-type situations, such as  leaving home, using pu blic transportation,
or shopping. If agoraphobia is present, a separate diagnosis of agoraphobia is given.