tures) in a rule -governed manner for communication. Communication  includes any verbal
or nonverbal behavior (whether intentional or unintentional) that influences the behavior,
ideas, or attitudes of another individual. Assessments of speech, language and communi-
cation abilities must take into account the individual's cultural and language context,
particularly for individuals growing up in bilingual environments. The standardized mea-
sures of language development and of nonverba l intellectual capacity must be relevant for
the cultural and linguistic group (i.e., tests developed and standardized for one group may
not provide appropriate norms for a different group). The diagnostic category of commu-
nication disorders includes the following: language disorder, speech sound disorder,
childhood-onset fluency disord er (stuttering), social (pra gmatic) communication disor-
der, and other specified and unspecified communica tion disorders.