other people, including an exaggerated sense of self-importance and a concomi-
tant expectation of special treatment, as well as a callous antipathy toward others,
encompassing both unawareness of others’ needs and feelings, and a readiness
to use others in the service of self-enhancement.
4.Disinhibition  (vs. Conscientiousness): Orientation toward immediate gratification,
leading to impulsive behavior driven by current thoughts, feelings, and external
stimuli, without regard for past learning or consideration of future consequences.
5.Psychoticism  (vs. Lucidity): Exhibiting a wide range of culturally incongruent odd,
eccentric, or unusual behaviors and cognitions, including both process (e.g., per-
ception, dissociation) and content (e.g., beliefs).
Subtypes. Because personality features vary continuously along multiple trait dimen-
sions, a comprehensive set of potential expr essions of PD-TS can be represented by DSM-
5’s dimensional model of maladaptive personality trait variants (see Table 3, pp. 779–781).
Thus, subtypes are unnecessary for PD-TS, and instead, the descriptiv e elements that con-
stitute personality are provided, arranged in  an empirically based model. This arrange-
ment allows clinicians to tailor the descript ion of each individual’s personality disorder
profile, considering all five broad domains of personality trait variation and drawing on
the descriptive features of these domains as  needed to characterize the individual.