neurological signs (e.g., abnormalities on neuroimaging, a new onset of seizures or a marked
worsening of a preexisting seizure disorder, visual field cuts, anos mia). A neurocognitive
disorder attributable to TBI must present either  immediately after brain injury occurs or im-
mediately after the individual recovers consciousness after th e injury, and persist past the
acute post-injury period. The cognitive presenta tion of a neurocognitive disorder following
TBI is variable and includes difficulties in the domains of complex attention, executive func-
tion, learning and memory as well as slowed speed of information processing and distur-
bances in social cognition. Th ese additional features help di stinguish it from dissociative
amnesia. 
Seizure disorders. Individuals with seizure disorders may exhibit complex behavior dur-
ing seizures or post-ictally wi th subsequent amnesia. Some individuals with a seizure disorder
engage in nonpurposive wandering that is lim ited to the period of seizure activity. Con-
versely, behavior during a di ssociative fugue is usually purposeful, complex, and goal-
directed and may last for days, weeks, or long er. Occasionally, individuals with a seizure dis-
order will report that earlier autobiographical me mories have been “wiped out” as the seizure
disorder progresses. Such  memory loss is not associated with traumatic circumstances and ap-
pears to occur randomly. Serial electroencepha lograms usually show abnormalities. Telemet-
ric electroencephalographic monitoring usually shows an association between the episodes of
amnesia and seizure activity. Dissociativ e and epileptic amnesias may coexist.
Catatonic stupor. Mutism in catatonic stupor may sugg est dissociative amnesia, but fail-