sonnel and combat veterans who have been de ployed to recent wars  in Afghanistan and
Iraq, co-occurrence of PTSD and mild TBI is  48%. Although most  young children with
PTSD also have at least one other diagnosis, the patterns of comorbidity are different than
in adults, with oppositional defiant disorder  and separation anxiety disorder predominat-
ing. Finally, there is considerable comorb idity between PTSD and major neurocognitive
disorder and some overlapping sy mptoms between these disorders.
Acute Stress Disorder
Diagnostic Criteria 308.3 (F43.0)
A. Exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violation in one (or
more) of the following ways: 
1. Directly experiencing the traumatic event(s).
2. Witnessing, in person, the event(s) as it occurred to others.
3. Learning that the event(s) occurred to a close family member or close friend.  Note:
In cases of actual or threatened death of a family member or friend, the event(s)
must have been violent or accidental.
4. Experiencing repeated or extreme exposure to aversive details of the traumatic
event(s) (e.g., first responders collecting human remains, police officers repeatedly
exposed to details of child abuse).
Note: This does not apply to exposure through electronic media, television, mov-
ies, or pictures, unless this exposure is work related.
B. Presence of nine (or more) of the following symptoms from any of the five categories
of intrusion, negative mood, dissociation, avoidance, and arousal, beginning or wors-
ening after the traumatic event(s) occurred:
Intrusion Symptoms
1. Recurrent, involuntary, and intrusive distressing memories of the traumatic