work. Eleven such indicators were recommended for this purpose: shared neural sub-
strates, family traits, genetic risk factors, sp ecific environmen tal risk factors, biomarkers,
temperamental antecedents, abnormalities of emotional or cognitive processing, symptom
similarity, course of illness, high comorbidit y, and shared treatmen t response. These indi-
cators served as empirical guidelines to info rm decision making by the work groups and