limited hedonic capacity. Detachment is one of the five pathological PERSONALITY  TRAIT
DOMAINS  defined in Section III “Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders.”
disinhibition Orientation toward immediate gratification, leading to impulsive behav-
ior driven by current thoughts, feelings, an d external stimuli, without regard for past
learning or consideration of future consequences. R IGID PERFECTIONISM , the opposite
pole of this domain, reflects  excessive constraint of impu lses, risk avoidance, hyper-
responsibility, hyperperfectio nism, and rigid, rule-govern ed behavior. Disinhibition
is one of the five pathological PERSONALITY  TRAIT  DOMAINS  defined in Section III “Al-
ternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders.”
disorder of sex development Condition of significant inborn somatic deviations of the
reproductive tract from the norm and/or of  discrepancies among the biological indica-
tors of male and female.
disorientation Confusion about the time of day, date, or season (time); where one is
(place); or who one is (person).
dissociation The splitting off of clusters of ment al contents from conscious awareness.
Dissociation is a mechanism central to dissocia tive disorders. The term is also used to
describe the separation of an idea from its emotional significance and affect, as seen in
the inappropriate affect in schizophrenia. Of ten a result of psychic trauma, dissociation
may allow the individual to maintain allegiance to two contradictory truths while re-
maining unconscious of the contradiction. An extreme manifestatio n of dissociation is
dissociative identity disorder, in which a person may exhibit several independent per-
sonalities, each unaware of the others.
distractibility Difficulty concentrating and focusing on  tasks; attention is easily divert-