Proposed Diagnostic Criteria
A. Moderate or greater impairment in personality functioning, manifested by characteristic
difficulties in two or more of the following four areas:
1.Identity:  Markedly impoverished, poorly developed, or unstable self-image, often
associated with excessive self-criticism; chronic feelings of emptiness; dissociative
states under stress.
2.Self-direction: Instability in goals, aspirations, values, or career plans.
3.Empathy:  Compromised ability to recognize the feelings and needs of others asso-
ciated with interpersonal hypersensitivity (i.e., prone to feel slighted or insulted); per-
ceptions of others selectively biased toward negative attributes or vulnerabilities.
4.Intimacy:  Intense, unstable, and conflicted close relationships, marked by mistrust,
neediness, and anxious preoccupation with real or imagined abandonment; close
relationships often viewed in extremes of idealization and devaluation and alternat-
ing between overinvolvement and withdrawal.
B. Four or more of the following seven pathological personality traits, at least one of which
must be (5) Impulsivity, (6) Risk taking, or (7) Hostility:
1.Emotional lability  (an aspect of Negative Affectivity): Unstable emotional expe-
riences and frequent mood changes; emotions that are easily aroused, intense,
and/or out of proportion to events and circumstances.
2.Anxiousness (an aspect of Negative Affectivity): Intense feelings of nervous-
ness, tenseness, or panic, often in reaction to interpersonal stresses; worry about
the negative effects of past unpleasant experiences and future negative possibili-