The first step to understanding and treating any medical disorder (thrombocytopenia included) is to visit the doctor's office. In addition to accurately diagnosing your disease, medical professionals can also help you decide on a treatment plan that suits your needs. If your doctor believes you have low platelet levels, s/he will most likely recommend you for blood tests and a physical exam to determine your platelet level. Even if you're sure that you have a low platelet count, it's highly advised that you seek the professional opinion of a doctor before proceeding with a treatment plan. Some of thrombocytopenia's symptoms aren't unique to the disorder. In addition, sometimes low platelet levels do not give any external symptoms. A normal platelet range is 150,000 to 450,000 platelets per microliter of blood. Platelet levels below this range do not necessarily lead to noticeable symptoms. However, even patients without symptoms can respond to treatment, showing increased platelet production. In many cases, though, thrombocytopenia can be accompanied by a wide variety of symptoms. Because platelets are involved in blood clot formation, many of the symptoms of a low platelet count are caused by the body's inability to to control bleeding. Common symptoms of thrombocytopenia are:  Prolonged bleeding from minor cuts and scrapes or after surgery, etc. Nosebleeds Bleeding mouth or gums (especially after brushing teeth) Extremely heavy menstrual bleeding Blood in urine or stool Unexplained bruises or small, red spots on the skin called petechiae. Thrombocytopenia does not have one single cause. It can have a variety of natural and artificial origins. It can even be the result of a more serious disease. Because of this, it's especially important to investigate cases of thrombocytopenia with your doctor to determine the cause. Here are some of the most common causes of thrombocytopenia:  Inherited (genetic) disorders Bone marrow disease (leukemia, etc.) or disfunction Enlarged/poorly functioning spleen Side-effect of a medication or treatment you are currently taking (radiation, etc.) Autoimmune disease (lupus, arthritis, AIDS, ITP, etc.) Bacterial infection in the blood Pregnancy and childbirth (though in these cases thrombocytopenia is usually mild) TTP (thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura), a rare condition where the body's platelets are used up when many small clots form throughout the body
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