The incidence of male pattern baldness increases significantly with age. Your age is one of 3 main risk factors for the condition (along with heredity and androgen imbalance). Up to two thirds of American men experience male pattern baldness by the age of 35, but that increases to over 80% for men older than 50 years. Consider your age and correlate it to your hair loss.  Although male pattern baldness can begin in early adulthood (albeit rarely), it becomes much more common with age. Sudden hair loss in a teenager or young adult is usually related to some disease, medical treatment, or toxicity. Male pattern baldness is the most common type of hair loss in men, accounting for about 95% of it. About 25% of men who suffer with male pattern baldness begin the process before the age of 21 years. It is a common myth that baldness only comes from the mother's side of the family, and that if your mother's father was bald, you may be, too. Genetics account for 80% of baldness, but you are just as likely to be bald if your father or your father's father is bald, too. Look at your father, grandfathers, uncles, and male cousins (any first and second-degree relatives) and see if they still have a full head of hair. If they don't, take note of the degree of hair loss and ask them when they first noticed losing their hair. The more relatives you see who are bald, the greater your risk of male pattern baldness.  One study from 2001 suggests that young men whose fathers have male pattern baldness are more than 5 times more likely to experience hair loss than men whose fathers do not have this condition.  One gene of the several causing baldness is passed from mother to son, but other genes are passed in the usual way, and thus bald fathers can have bald sons. Baldness occurs when the hair follicles on the scalp shrink over time, which results in shorter and finer hair. Eventually, the atrophied follicles do not grow new hair, although they typically remain alive. Sex hormones called androgens are another primary factor of male pattern baldness. The main culprits in men are the hormones testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Testosterone converts to DHT with the aid of an enzyme that's in the oil glands of hair follicles. Too much DHT shrinks hair follicles, making it impossible for healthy hair to grow and survive. This problem is caused by either too much circulating testosterone and/or abnormally high binding of DHT to receptors in scalp follicles. Abnormal binding or sensitivity to DHT is largely genetic, but a common cause of higher levels of DHT is the use of steroids — particularly in younger men who want to gain muscle mass for bodybuilding or athletic advantage. Taking anabolic steroids increases your risk of hair loss to nearly a 100% certainty if taken long enough.  There’s not a huge difference between the testosterone levels of men with and without male pattern baldness. However, men who are balding tend to have higher production rates of DHT. It's normal to lose about 50-100 hairs every day, depending on your lifestyle, but much more than that is a sign of male pattern baldness or another condition that affects the hair follicle or scalp.  Drugs used to treat male pattern baldness, such as finasteride (Propecia, Proscar), work by preventing the conversion of testosterone to DHT. Another indication that you're experiencing or at greater risk of male pattern balding is prostate gland growth. Benign prostate growth is very common with advancing age and also correlated to DHT levels. Thus, if you experience the signs and symptoms of prostate enlargement and suspect male pattern baldness, then it likely isn't your imagination because both conditions are caused by high DHT levels.  Signs and symptoms of an enlarged prostate include increased frequency and urgency of urination, difficulty initiating or stopping urination, pain with urination, and incontinence.  Other medical conditions correlated or associated with male pattern baldness include prostate cancer, coronary heart disease, diabetes, and chronic high blood pressure (hypertension).
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