Atopic dermatitis, or eczema, is a common skin condition that is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Symptoms of atopic dermatitis include intense itching, scaly patches on the elbows, knees, hands, and upper torso, small bumps that might ooze fluid, and swollen, sensitive skin. If you think you may have eczema, visit your doctor for an official diagnosis.  Many patients develop symptoms before age 5, and in many cases symptoms lessen or disappear in adulthood. If you or anyone in your genetic family has had similar rashes, asthma, or hay fever, then your chances of getting eczema are higher. Atopic dermatitis can be aggravated by a number of things, so take note of allergens and irritants that trigger your symptoms or make them worse so you can actively avoid or minimize your contact with them. Your doctor can also conduct tests that will help you find the specific causes. A few common triggers of eczema include:  Perfumes, dyes, and cosmetics Dust, sand, and dust mites Chlorine, mineral oil, solvents, and other strong chemicals Animal fur or dander Cigarette smoke Pollen Food you or your doctor suspect you may be allergic to Excessive bathing without moisturizing Low humidity Emotional stress Your skin getting overheated Wool and other rough material can exacerbate atopic dermatitis. Tight-fitting clothing or clothing that makes you sweat can also aggravate your eczema and make your symptoms worse. Choose loose-fitting clothing that also promotes air flow to your skin. Bathing, showering, or swimming more than 2–3 times a week can dry out your skin and trigger a rash. Avoid using hot water or any harsh or scented soaps and cleansers to keep your skin from drying out and your symptoms from getting worse.  Add soothing products to your bath such as uncooked oatmeal, colloidal oatmeal, or baking soda to help relieve your skin. Gently pat dry with a towel after bathing. Don't rub hard or vigorously or you’ll dry out your skin. Apply a moisturizing ointment or cream immediately after bathing, before bed, and throughout the day if necessary. Pay particular attention to your back, chest, and legs, as well as any other affected areas on your body. Choose an unscented moisturizer or ask your doctor for recommendations for soothing moisturizers that won’t aggravate your condition. Use a low water content lotion, or a zero water content option such as petroleum jelly, which protect against water evaporation on your skin and have a lower chance of triggering a flare up. Itching can be severe in atopic dermatitis cases, but scratching the affected patches of skin will make your condition worse and could lead to skin infections. An over-the-counter oral antihistamine can help reduce the itchiness. You could also apply a topical anti-itch cream or a hydrocortisone cream directly to your patches of atopic dermatitis to control the itchiness.  Cut your fingernails short to minimize damage from scratching. Wear gloves at night if you scratch yourself while sleeping. Sweating can irritate your skin and aggravate your atopic dermatitis. If your room gets too cold at night, set your thermostat to a comfortable temperature and use a humidifier to keep the dry air from drying out your skin. Stress and anxiety will make the symptoms of your atopic dermatitis more severe and can cause additional outbreaks or flare ups. Identify the stressors in your life so you can avoid them or find ways to manage them. If you’re struggling with stress and anxiety, visit a licensed therapist to help identify the underlying causes. They may also prescribe medication that can help you manage your stress. Some ways you can help manage your stress include regular exercise, talk therapy, meditation, or deep breathing exercises. Severe cases of eczema may require more serious medical intervention to relieve your symptoms. There are a variety of therapies and medications that can treat serious cases of eczema, and your doctor can help determine what the best course of treatment is for you. If you’re unable to treat or manage your symptoms on your own, make an appointment to see your doctor.  A prescription-strength orticosteroid cream can be used for severe cases to reduce inflammation and scaling. Oral antibiotics can help treat skin infections as well as reduce the skin bacteria that can worsen atopic dermatitis. UV Phototherapy can help treat atopic dermatitis. A combination of moisturizers and corticosteroids can be applied to the skin using wrapped bandages.
تعرَّف على أعراض التهاب الجلد التأتُّبي (أو الأكزيما). ابتعد عن المهيجات ومسببات الحساسية. ارتدِ ملابس قطنية أو ملابس من خامة أخرى ناعمة. خُذ حمّامًا سريعًا في ماء فاتر من مرتين لثلاث أسبوعيًا. رطب بشرتك بانتظام. قاوم الرغبة لحكّ بشرتك خاصةً بالليل. قم بتنظيم درجة الحرارة والرطوبة. استرخِ تحدث مع طبيب جلدية عن العلاجات الأقوى غير المتاحة سوى بوصفة طبية.