Involved in the glycolysis. Catalyzes the oxidative phosphorylation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate (BPG) using the cofactor NAD. The first reaction step involves the formation of a hemiacetal intermediate between G3P and a cysteine residue, and this hemiacetal intermediate is then oxidized to a thioester, with concomitant reduction of NAD to NADH. The reduced NADH is then exchanged with the second NAD, and the thioester is attacked by a nucleophilic inorganic phosphate to produce BPG. D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + NAD(+) + phosphate = (2R)-3-phospho-glyceroyl phosphate + H(+) + NADH Carbohydrate degradation; glycolysis; pyruvate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate: step 1/5. Homotetramer (By similarity). Interacts with BrxC (PubMed:33722570). Repressed by CggR and indirectly stimulated by CcpA. In response to oxidative stress, the active site Cys likely reacts with bacillithiol (BSH) to form mixed disulfides to protect the Cys residue against overoxidation. S-bacillithiolation presumably leads to loss of catalytic activity. Debacillithiolation by monothiol bacilliredoxin BrxC restores the activity. Cells lacking this gene are unable to grow in medium containing glucose as a sole carbon source but presents the same growth rate as the wild-type in asparagine-containing medium. Belongs to the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase family.