The production of the second messenger molecules diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) is mediated by activated phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C enzymes. PLCE1 is a bifunctional enzyme which also regulates small GTPases of the Ras superfamily through its Ras guanine-exchange factor (RasGEF) activity. As an effector of heterotrimeric and small G-protein, it may play a role in cell survival, cell growth, actin organization and T-cell activation. In podocytes, is involved in the regulation of lamellipodia formation. Acts downtream of AVIL to allow ARP2/3 complex assembly (By similarity). a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol-4,5-bisphosphate) + H2O = 1D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + H(+) Activated by the heterotrimeric G-protein subunits GNA12, GNA13 and GNB1-GNG2. Activated by HRAS, RAP1A, RHOA, RHOB, RHOC, RRAS and RRAS2. Activated by the G(s)-coupled GPCRs ADRB2, PTGER1 and CHRM3 through cyclic-AMP formation and RAP2B activation. Inhibited by G(i)-coupled GPCRs (By similarity). Interacts with RHOA (By similarity). Interacts with IQGAP1, HRAS, RAP1A, RAP2A, RAP2B and RRAS (By similarity). Interacts with IQGAP1 (PubMed:17086182). Interacts with AVIL (By similarity). Recruited to plasma membrane by activated HRAS and RAP2. Recruited to perinuclear membrane by activated RAP1A. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 associates with Golgi membranes. Highly expressed in neurons and to a lower extent in skin, skeletal muscle and heart (at protein level). Expressed in the epidermis. Specifically expressed in cells committed to the neuronal lineage (at protein level). Weakly expressed at 7 dpc, expression strongly increases at later embryonic stages. Expressed abundantly in almost all neural tissues at 12.5 dpc and also detected in tongue muscles, genital tubercle and hand plate. At 15.5 dpc a strong expression in skeletal muscles is detected together with the strong expression in neural tissues. Up-regulated during the differentiation of neural precursor cells into neurons but not glial cells. Up-regulated in heart upon induced hypertrophy. The Ras-associating domain 1 is degenerated and may not bind HRAS. The Ras-associating domain 2 mediates interaction with GTP-bound HRAS, RAP1A, RAP2A and RAP2B and recruitment of HRAS to the cell membrane (By similarity). The Ras-GEF domain has a GEF activity towards HRAS and RAP1A. Mediates activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway (By similarity). Mice exhibit delayed onset and markedly reduced incidence of chemically induced skin squamous tumors. They also display cardiac malformations which mainly affects aortic and pulmonary valves and enhanced susceptibility to cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in response to chronic stress. Probable cloning artifact.