Catalyzes the formation of the signaling molecule cAMP in response to G-protein signaling (PubMed:9768837, PubMed:11055432, PubMed:25329148). Participates in signaling cascades triggered by odorant receptors via its function in cAMP biosynthesis (PubMed:9768837, PubMed:11055432). Required for the perception of odorants (PubMed:11055432). Required for normal sperm motility and normal male fertility (PubMed:15705663). Plays a role in regulating insulin levels and body fat accumulation in response to a high fat diet (PubMed:25329148). ATP = 3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate Binds 2 magnesium ions per subunit. Is also active with manganese (in vitro). Activated by forskolin (PubMed:11055432, PubMed:25329148). After forskolin treatment, activity is further increased by calcium/calmodulin. In the absence of forskolin, calcium/calmodulin has little effect on enzyme activity (By similarity). Detected in the acrosomal region of epididymal spermatozoa, the acrosomal region of round spermatids and in elongating spermatids (PubMed:15705663). Detected in cilia in the olfactory epithelium (at protein level) (PubMed:9768837, PubMed:11055432, PubMed:25908845). Detected in olfactory epithelium neurons (PubMed:11055432). Detected in brain, testis, late pachytene spermatocytes, round spermatids and elongating spermatids (PubMed:15705663). The protein contains two modules with six transmembrane helices each; both are required for catalytic activity. Isolated N-terminal or C-terminal modules have no catalytic activity, but when they are brought together, enzyme activity is restored. The active site is at the interface of the two modules. N-glycosylated. Rapidly phosphorylated after stimulation by odorants or forskolin. Phosphorylation by CaMK2 at Ser-1077 down-regulates enzyme activity. Sumoylated (PubMed:25908845). Sumoylation is required for targeting of olfactory cilia. Mutant mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate, but up to 80% of the pups die within 48 h after birth. Survival is improved by paring down the litter size shortly after birth. Mutant mice are initially smaller than wild-type, but achieve normal size within three months. Mutant mice do not display the normal electrophysiological responses to odorants that stimulate production of cAMP or inositoltrisphosphate (IP3). Likewise, behavorial responses to smells are abolished (PubMed:11055432). In spite of normal mating behavior, they do not produce any offspring (PubMed:11055432, PubMed:15705663). Male mice have strongly reduced fertility due to defects in sperm motility, an increased rate of spontaneous acrosome reactions and an impaired ability to penetrate the oocyte zona (PubMed:15705663). Belongs to the adenylyl cyclase class-4/guanylyl cyclase family.