Functions as an olfactory receptor activated by a urine odorant, uroguanylin (PubMed:18178149). Activated as well by the volatile semiochemicals carbon disulfide (CS2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) (By similarity). Has guanylate cyclase activity upon binding of the ligand (PubMed:18178149). Activation of GUCY2D neurons leads to the cGMP-dependent activation of the CNGA3 channels, membrane depolarization and an increase in action potential frequency. Signaling pathways activated by GUCY2D may trigger social behaviors such as acquisition of food preference (By similarity). GTP = 3',5'-cyclic GMP + diphosphate Activated by Ca(2+) (PubMed:11580282). Activated by NCALD in a Ca(2+)-dependent fashion (PubMed:11580282). Interacts (via the catalytic domain) with NCALD. Colocalized with NCALD at the apical region of the cilia (PubMed:11580282). Coexpresses with PDE2 (By similarity). Specifically expressed in a subpopulation of olfactory sensory neurons (PubMed:7724600). Expressed in the cilia of the olfactory epithelium (PubMed:11580282). The protein kinase domain is predicted to be catalytically inactive. In contrast to mouse, guanylin, a urine odorant, does not stimulate GUCY2D. Belongs to the adenylyl cyclase class-4/guanylyl cyclase family. The nomenclature for members of the GUCY2 gene family is not consistent across species. In mice the GUCY2D gene encodes the protein guanylate cyclase 2D specifically expressed in a subpopulation of olfactory sensory neurons. In rat the official name is GUCY2E for guanylate cyclase 2D. In human this gene is a pseudogene.