Snake venom phospholipase A2 (PLA2) induces increase of creatine kinase levels, which is an indicator or myonecrosis (PubMed:17953979). It also promotes renal alterations in the isolated perfused rat kidney (PubMed:17953979). It increases perfusion pressure (PP), renal vascular resistance (RVR), urinary flow (UF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Sodium and chloride tubular reabsorption decreased at 120 minutes, without alteration in potassium transport (PubMed:17953979). PLA2 catalyzes the calcium-dependent hydrolysis of the 2-acyl groups in 3-sn-phosphoglycerides (PubMed:17953979). a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + a fatty acid + H(+) Binds 1 Ca(2+) ion. Expressed by the venom gland. Belongs to the phospholipase A2 family. Group II subfamily. D49 sub-subfamily.