Catalyzes a reversible aldol reaction between acetaldehyde and D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to generate 2-deoxy-D-ribose 5-phosphate. 2-deoxy-D-ribose 5-phosphate = acetaldehyde + D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate Optimum pH is 6.5. Is extremely stable over a wide pH range: upon heating at 50 degrees Celsius for 60 minutes, the enzyme does not lose activity at pH 4.5-11.0. Extremely thermostable. Retains full activity upon heating at 100 degrees Celsius for 10 minutes and at 80 degrees Celsius for 60 minutes. Carbohydrate degradation; 2-deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate degradation; D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and acetaldehyde from 2-deoxy-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate: step 2/2. Homotetramer. Its high stability makes the enzyme a potential candidate to be used as a synthetic catalyst in practical application. The enzyme is also highly resistant to organic solvents such as ethanol, methanol, N,N-dimethylformamide, and Me(2)SO at 50 degrees Celsius. Loss of activity is not observed in the presence of these reagents even at a concentration as high as 40%. Belongs to the DeoC/FbaB aldolase family. DeoC type 1 subfamily.