Membrane-perturbating peptide with multiple activities (PubMed:34302796). It is insecticidal, since it induces reversible paralysis in insects (L.cuprina) after 1 hour, but fails to kill flies (PubMed:34302796). It shows a relatively strong and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (MIC<20 uM) (PubMed:34302796). It is also anthelmintic, since it potently inhibits the larval development of the major pathogenic nematode of ruminants (H.contortus, IC(50)=2.8 uM) (PubMed:34302796). Interestingly, only at 10 uM, it increases adult males motility of the other nematode B.malayi for 24 hours post-treatment, followed by a reduction in motility for the rest of the experiment (PubMed:34302796). It shows cytotoxic activity against HEK293 cells (EC(50)=4-6 uM) and induces hemolysis in human erythrocytes (EC(50)=40-62 uM) (PubMed:34302796). In addition, it causes an important increase in intracellular calcium concentration on neuronal and epithelial cell lines, which supports a non-specific membrane perturbation mechanism of action (PubMed:34302796). In vivo, it induces pain by intraplantar injection into mice, suggesting a defensive function against vertebrate predators (PubMed:34302796). Adopts an alpha-helical conformation in membrane-mimetic environments. Expressed by the venom gland. Monoisotopic mass. PD(50) is 25.8 nmol/g 1 hour after injection into L.cuprina. LD(50) is >100 nmol/g 24 hours after injection into L.cuprina. Belongs to the non-disulfide-bridged peptide (NDBP) superfamily. Medium-length antimicrobial peptide (group 3) family. Ponericin-W subfamily.