Receptor for extracellularly released ATP acting as a ligand-gated ion channel that plays multiple role in immunity and central nervous system physiology (PubMed:26456657, PubMed:35119925). Plays a key role in initial steps of T-cell activation and Ca(2+) microdomain formation (PubMed:35119925). Participates also in basal T-cell activity without TCR/CD3 stimulation (PubMed:35119925). Promotes the differentiation and activation of Th17 cells via expression of retinoic acid-related orphan receptor C/RORC (By similarity). Upon activation, drives microglia motility via the PI3K/Akt pathway (PubMed:17299767). Functional P2XRs are organized as homomeric and heteromeric trimers. Interacts with P2X7 (via C-terminus); this interaction is functional only in the presence of ATP (PubMed:26456657). Interacts with AP1M2 (By similarity). By immediate ATP release following TCR stimulation (PubMed:35119925). Mutant T-cells show decreased Ca(2+) microdomains directly in the initial period after TCR stimulation (PubMed:35119925). In macrophages, an attenuation of P2X7-induced cell death is observed correlated with altered cleavage of caspase-1/CASP1 and a decrease in IL-1beta production (PubMed:26456657). Belongs to the P2X receptor family.