Receptor for RTN4, OMG and MAG (PubMed:11201742, PubMed:12089450, PubMed:15504325, PubMed:18411262, PubMed:22923615). Functions as receptor for the sialylated gangliosides GT1b and GM1 (PubMed:18411262). Besides, functions as receptor for chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (PubMed:22406547). Can also bind heparin (PubMed:22406547). Intracellular signaling cascades are triggered via the coreceptor NGFR (By similarity). Signaling mediates activation of Rho and downstream reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton (PubMed:22325200). Mediates axonal growth inhibition (By similarity). Mediates axonal growth inhibition and plays a role in regulating axon regeneration and neuronal plasticity in the adult central nervous system (PubMed:11201742, PubMed:12089450, PubMed:15504325, PubMed:22923615). Plays a role in postnatal brain development (PubMed:27339102). Required for normal axon migration across the brain midline and normal formation of the corpus callosum (PubMed:27339102). Protects motoneurons against apoptosis; protection against apoptosis is probably mediated via interaction with MAG (PubMed:26335717). Acts in conjunction with RTN4 and LINGO1 in regulating neuronal precursor cell motility during cortical development (PubMed:20093372). Like other family members, plays a role in restricting the number dendritic spines and the number of synapses that are formed during brain development (PubMed:22325200). Homodimer (PubMed:29095159). Interacts with MAG (PubMed:12089450). Interacts with RTN4 (PubMed:15504325). Interacts with NGFR(PubMed:22923615). Interacts with LINGO1(PubMed:22923615). Interacts with KIAA0319L (By similarity). Interacts with OLFM1; this inhibits interaction with LINGO1 and NGFR (PubMed:22923615). Interacts with OMG (By similarity). Detected along dendrites and axons, close to synapses, but clearly excluded from synapses. Detected in embryonic hippocampus neurons (PubMed:22325200). Detected in brain (at protein level) (PubMed:15504325, PubMed:22406547). Detected in neurons in the neocortex, in hippocampus, dorsal thalamus, cerebellum granule cell layer and the mitral cell layer in the olfactory bulb (PubMed:15647357). Detected in brain, dorsal root ganglion and heart. N-glycosylated (PubMed:29095159). O-glycosylated. Contains terminal sialic acid groups on its glycan chains (By similarity). Mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate, are viable and fertile (PubMed:15504325, PubMed:15647357). They display subtle changes in exploratory behavior, manifest deficits in spatial working memory performance, and show impaired ability to stay on a rotarod (PubMed:15504325 and PubMed:19052207). Compared to wild-type littermates, cultured hippocampus neurons from mutant mice display an increased number of excitatory synapses (PubMed:22325200). Effects on neurite outgrowth are controversial and may depend on the mouse strain, cell type, and the experimental conditions (PubMed:15504325, PubMed:15647357, PubMed:18411262, PubMed:19367338). Cultured neurons display impaired axon growth cone collapse in response to myelin, MAG and RTN4 (PubMed:15504325). Mutant cerebellar and dorsal root ganglion neurons show no decrease of the inhibition of neurite outgrowth by myelin or RTN4 (PubMed:15647357). Mutant cerebellar neurons display decreased inhibition of neurite outgrowth mediated by MAG and by cross-linking ganglioside GT1b (in vitro) (PubMed:18411262). Likewise, mutant sensory neurons show no decrease of the inhibition of neurite outgrowth by MAG (PubMed:19367338). Mutant mice have improved functional recovery and increased regeneration of rubrospinal and raphespinal fibers after spinal cord transection. Still, there is no regeneration of corticospinal fibers (PubMed:15504325, PubMed:15647357). Mice lacking both Rtn4r and Rtn4rl2 display no visible phenotype (PubMed:19367338). Sensory neurons from mice lacking both Rtn4r and Rtn4rl2 show moderately decreased inhibition of neurite outgrowth by MAG (PubMed:19367338). Mice with a triple gene disruption that lack Rtn4r, Rtn4rl1 and Rtn4rl2 have no visible phenotype, are healthy and viable (PubMed:22406547). Mice with a triple gene disruption that lack Rtn4r, Rtn4rl1 and Rtn4rl2 have normal brain size and grossly normal brain anatomy, but display disruption of medial brain structures, including an absence of the fasciola cinereum, corpus callosum agenesis and formation of bilateral Probst bundles indicative of the failure of callosally projecting neurons to extend across the midline (PubMed:27339102). Mice with a triple gene disruption of Rtn4r, Rtn4rl1 and Rtn4rl2 display impaired ability to stay on a rotarod and increased spontaneous locomotion (PubMed:27339102). These mice display an increased number of excitatory synapses in the apical dendritic regions of hippocampus neurons, an increase in the complexity of dendrite structure and increased total dendrite length (PubMed:22325200). One month after birth, mice with a triple gene disruption that lack Rtn4r, Rtn4rl1 and Rtn4rl2 show a significant reduction in the survival of motoneurons (PubMed:26335717). Compared to wild-type or single mutants, cerebellar granule cells from mice lacking Rtn4r, Rtn4rl1 and Rtn4rl2 show decreased myelin-mediated inhibition of neurite outgrowth, an inhibition that is strongly decreased on myelin deficient in Mag, Rtn4 and Omg (PubMed:22406547). Mice lacking both Rtn4r and Rtn4rl1 show increased axon regeneration after injury; the same effect is observed when Rtn4r, Rtn4rl1 and Rtn4rl2 are disrupted (PubMed:22406547). Combined disruption of Rtn4r, Rtn4rl1 and Ptprs further increases axon regeneration after injury (PubMed:22406547). Single gene disruption of Rtn4r, Rtn4rl1 and Rtn4rl2 and combined disruption of Rtn4r and Rtn4rl2 have no effect on axon regeneration (PubMed:22406547). Belongs to the Nogo receptor family. Nerve regrowth: nipped by a no-go - Issue 69 of April 2006