Transcription factor that is involved in regulation of organogenesis. Seems to be a regulator of SIX1, SIX6 and probably SIX5. Corepression of precursor cell proliferation in myoblasts by SIX1 is switched to coactivation through recruitment of EYA3 to the SIX1-DACH1 complex. Transcriptional activation seems also to involve association of CREBBP. Seems to act as a corepressor of SIX6 in regulating proliferation by directly repressing cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, including the p27Kip1 promoter. Inhibits TGF-beta signaling through interaction with SMAD4 and NCOR1 (By similarity). Binds to chromatin DNA via its DACHbox-N domain. Interacts with SIX1, SIX6 and EYA3. Interacts with NCOR1 and HDAC3 through its N-terminus. Interacts with SIN3A through its C-terminus. Interacts with SMAD3 and SMAD4 (By similarity). Expressed at higher levels in adult kidney and lung, and at lower levels in brain and testis. Expressed in embryonal kidneys, eyes, cochleae and limb buds. Highest expression was found at 11.5 dpc, and expression rapidly declines at later stages of the development. Between 8.0 and 13.5 dpc is found in neural crest cells during their pre-migratory, migratory, and, in some cases post-migratory phase throughout the body axis. Also found in lateral mesenchyme of trunk and head. At 10 and 12 dpc found in mesonephric tubules. At 16 dpc found in epithalial cells of metanephric 'comma' and 'S'-shaped bodies, in mesenchymal cells of the medulla and the cortex. Colocalized to the nucleus of glomerular podocytes and epithelial cells lining many of the convoluted tubes. At 10.5 dpc found in both the anterior and posterior of the limb bud. At 11.5 dpc expression becomes increasingly peripheral, extending around the entire handplate in the mesenchymal cells underlying the apical ectodermal ridge. At 12.5 dpc expression is entirely peripheral an by 13.5 dpc is localized to the mesenchyme at the distal tips of the digits. At 10 dpc found in cells of the optic cup and in some cells surrounding the eye. At 12 dpc found in developing lens fibers, the ectoderm overlaying the developing eye and less intensely in the retina. At 12 dpc found in cells of the dorsomedial and dorsolateral epithelium of the otic vesicle. At later stages expressed in only a few specialized cell types of the cochlear duct, including the inner and outer hair cells, stria vascularis, and the mesenchymal cells directly underlying the organ of Corti. From 10.5 to 12.5 dpc expressed in the telencephalon including the olfactory bulbs, throughout the length of the neural tube and within the dorsal root ganglia, in cranial ganglia in the trigeminal ganglion and the glossopharyngeal-vagal ganglion complex. At 10.5 and 11.5 dpc expressed in punctate pattern on the ventral side of the embryo between the fore and hind limbs, the rib primordia; this expression disappears by 12.5 dpc. At 11.5 and 12.5 dpc found in genital eminence. The DACHbox-N/DD1 domain forms a structure containing a DNA binding motif similar to that of the forkhead/winged helix domain. Belongs to the DACH/dachshund family.