The natural substrate for this enzyme may be peptidyl-tRNAs which drop off the ribosome during protein synthesis. Promotes caspase-independent apoptosis by regulating the function of two transcriptional regulators, AES and TLE1. an N-acyl-L-alpha-aminoacyl-tRNA + H2O = a tRNA + an N-acyl-L-amino acid + H(+) Monomer. Ubiquitinated by PRKN during mitophagy, leading to its degradation and enhancement of mitophagy. Deubiquitinated by USP30. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry. Belongs to the PTH2 family.