Involved in dendrite morphogenesis and maintenance by regulating lysosomal trafficking via its interaction with MAP6. May act by inhibiting retrograde transport of lysosomes along dendrites. Required for dendrite branching. Interacts with MAP6. Expressed in frontal cortex. The gene represented in this entry acts as a disease modifier. Risk alleles confer genetic susceptibility by increasing gene expression (PubMed:20154673, PubMed:21178100). Increased expression may be the result of down-regulation of microRNA miR-132 and miR-212, that repress TMEM106B expression (PubMed:22895706). Thr-185 is a risk allele associated with lower GRN protein levels and early age at onset in GRN UP-FTD mutation carriers: it presents slower protein degradation that leads to higher steady-state TMEM106B levels, leading to alterations in the intracellular versus extracellular partitioning of GRN (PubMed:23742080). The gene represented in this entry acts as a disease modifier. The disease may be caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry. Belongs to the TMEM106 family.