Cis-aconitate decarboxylase that catalyzes production of itaconate and is involved in the inhibition of the inflammatory response (PubMed:23609450, PubMed:23610393, PubMed:30635240). Acts as a negative regulator of the Toll-like receptors (TLRs)-mediated inflammatory innate response by stimulating the tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein TNFAIP3 expression via reactive oxygen species (ROS) in LPS-tolerized macrophages (PubMed:23609450). Involved in antimicrobial response of innate immune cells; ACOD1-mediated itaconic acid production contributes to the antimicrobial activity of macrophages (PubMed:23610393). Involved in antiviral response following infection by flavivirus in neurons: ACOD1-mediated itaconate production inhibits the activity of succinate dehydrogenase, generating a metabolic state in neurons that suppresses replication of viral genomes (PubMed:30635240). Plays a role in the embryo implantation (PubMed:14500577). cis-aconitate + H(+) = CO2 + itaconate Expressed in LPS-tolerized macrophages (at protein level). Expressed in the luminal epithelial cells of pregnant uterus. Expressed in microglia and macrophage cells. Up-regulated after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation (PubMed:23609450, PubMed:23610393). Up-regulated in LPS-tolerized macrophage by LPS (PubMed:23609450, PubMed:23610393). Up-regulated synergistically by pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF and IFNG (PubMed:19014335). Up-regulated by pro-inflammatory cytokines IL1B and IFNB1 (PubMed:19014335). Up-regulated by progesterone and at the time of the embryo implantation (PubMed:14500577). Expression is activated by IRF1 in neurons in response to flavivirus infection in neurons (PubMed:30635240). Belongs to the PrpD family.