Catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphorylated beta-glucosides into glucose-6-phosphate (G-6-P) and aglycone. It has a high affinity for phosphorylated aromatic beta-glucosides (p-nitrophenyl-beta-glucoside, phenyl beta-glucoside, arbutin and phosphorylated salicin), and a low affinity for phosphorylated beta-methyl-glucoside. 6-phospho-beta-D-glucosyl-(1->4)-D-glucose + H2O = D-glucose + D-glucose 6-phosphate Part of the cryptic bglGFBH operon. Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 1 family.