PTX oligomer B binds to receptors on the eukaryotic cell surface and facilitates the translocation of the toxic subunit across the cell membrane. Pertussis toxin contains five different chains, S1-S5. They are organized into 2 functional subunits: A, composed of S1 (which is toxic) and B, containing S2, S3, S5, and two copies of S4 (B binds to the membrane receptors). Dimers of S2-S4 and S3-S4 are held together by S5.