Converts glycerol-3-phosphate to 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate (lysophosphatidic acid or LPA) by incorporating an acyl moiety at the sn-1 position of the glycerol backbone (PubMed:17170135). Also converts LPA into 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate (phosphatidic acid or PA) by incorporating an acyl moiety at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone (PubMed:19318427). Protects cells against lipotoxicity (PubMed:30846318). an acyl-CoA + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate = a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + an acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA dodecanoyl-CoA + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate = 1-dodecanoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + CoA hexadecanoyl-CoA + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate = 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate = 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-CoA + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate = 1-(9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + 1-tetradecanoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate = 1-tetradecanoyl-2-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate = 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + 1-(6Z,9Z,12Z-octadecatrienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate = (6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatrienoyl-2-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + 1-(9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate = 1-(9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoyl-2-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + tetradecanoyl-CoA = 1-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-2-tetradecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + octadecanoyl-CoA = 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-2-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-CoA + 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate = 1-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-2-(9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + 1-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate = 1-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-2-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA Inhibited by N-ethylmaleimide (NEM). Glycerolipid metabolism; triacylglycerol biosynthesis. Phospholipid metabolism; CDP-diacylglycerol biosynthesis; CDP-diacylglycerol from sn-glycerol 3-phosphate: step 1/3. Widely expressed. Expressed in liver, kidney, testis, brain, heart, skeletal muscle, thyroid, prostate, thymus and placenta. Also expressed lung and adipose tissue. The HXXXXD motif is essential for acyltransferase activity and may constitute the binding site for the phosphate moiety of the glycerol-3-phosphate. Belongs to the 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase family.