eIF-2 functions in the early steps of protein synthesis by forming a ternary complex with GTP and initiator tRNA. This preinitiation complex mediates ribosomal recognition of a start codon during the scanning process of the leader region. Heterotrimer composed of an alpha, a beta and a gamma chain. Phosphorylation of eIF-2-alpha impairs the recycling of eIF-2 between successive rounds of initiation and thus leads to inhibition of translation. Belongs to the eIF-2-alpha family.