AKT1 is one of several closely related serine/threonine-protein kinases known as the AKT kinase, and which regulate many processes including metabolism, proliferation, cell survival, growth and angiogenesis. This is mediated through serine and/or threonine phosphorylation of a range of downstream substrates. Over 100 substrate candidates have been reported so far, but for most of them, no isoform specificity has been reported. Signals downstream of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI(3)K) to mediate the effects of various growth factors such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulin and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). Plays a role as a key modulator of the AKT-mTOR signaling pathway controlling the tempo of the process of newborn neurons integration during adult neurogenesis, including correct neuron positioning, dendritic development and synapse formation. Plays a role in glucose transport by mediating insulin-induced translocation of the GLUT4 glucose transporter to the cell surface. Mediates the antiapoptotic effects of IGF-I. Mediates insulin-stimulated protein synthesis, partly by playing a role in both insulin-induced phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 and in insulin-induced activation of p70 S6 kinase. Promotes glycogen synthesis by mediating the insulin-induced activation of glycogen synthase (By similarity). Required for insulin-stimulated meiotic reinitiation during oocyte maturation. ATP + L-seryl-[protein] = ADP + H(+) + O-phospho-L-seryl-[protein] ATP + L-threonyl-[protein] = ADP + H(+) + O-phospho-L-threonyl-[protein] Activated in response to insulin. Three specific sites, one in the kinase domain (Thr-309) and the two other ones in the C-terminal regulatory region (Ser-474 and Tyr-475), need to be phosphorylated for its full activation. Nucleus after activation by integrin-linked protein kinase 1 (ILK1). Expressed in the oocyte. Binding of the PH domain to phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PI(3,4,5)P3) following phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase alpha (PIK3CA) activity results in its targeting to the plasma membrane. Cleavage by caspase-3/CASP3 (By similarity). Cleaved at the caspase-3 consensus site Asp-463 during apoptosis, resulting in down-regulation of the AKT signaling pathway and decreased cell survival (By similarity). Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. RAC subfamily.