Secretory calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 that primarily targets extracellular phospholipids. Hydrolyzes the ester bond of the fatty acyl group attached at sn-2 position of phospholipids with preference for phosphatidylcholines and phosphatidylglycerols over phosphatidylethanolamines. Preferentially releases sn-2 omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acyl (PUFA) chains over saturated fatty acyls (PubMed:12359733, PubMed:10531313). Contributes to phospholipid remodeling of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles (By similarity). Hydrolyzes LDL phospholipids releasing unsaturated fatty acids that regulate macrophage differentiation toward foam cells (By similarity). Efficiently hydrolyzes and inactivates PAF, a potent lipid mediator present in oxidized LDL (By similarity). May act in an autocrine and paracrine manner. Secreted by lung epithelium, targets membrane phospholipids of infiltrating eosinophils, releasing arachidonate and boosting eicosanoid and cysteinyl leukotriene synthesis involved in airway inflammatory response (PubMed:29093264, PubMed:17403936). Secreted by gut epithelium, hydrolyzes dietary and biliary phosphatidylcholines in the gastrointestinal lumen, thereby regulating adipogenesis and body weight (PubMed:21266581). Plays a stem cell regulator role in colon epithelium. Within intracellular compartment, mediates Paneth-like cell differentiation and its stem cell supporting functions by inhibiting Wnt signaling pathway in intestinal stem cell (ISC). Secreted in the intestinal lumen upon inflammation, acts in an autocrine way and promotes prostaglandin E2 synthesis that stimulates the Wnt signaling pathway in ISCs and tissue regeneration (PubMed:27292189). May participate in hair follicle morphogenesis by regulating phosphatidylethanolamines metabolism at the outermost epithelial layer and facilitating melanin synthesis (PubMed:21266583). By generating lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs) at sperm acrosome controls sperm cell capacitation, acrosome reaction and overall fertility (PubMed:20424324, PubMed:21266581). May promote neurite outgrowth in neuron fibers involved in nociception (PubMed:21266581). Contributes to lipid remodeling of cellular membranes and generation of lipid mediators involved in pathogen clearance. Cleaves sn-2 fatty acyl chains of phosphatidylglycerols and phosphatidylethanolamines, which are major components of membrane phospholipids in bacteria (PubMed:12359733). Displays bactericidal activity against Gram-positive bacteria by directly hydrolyzing phospholipids of the bacterial membrane (PubMed:11694541). In pulmonary epithelium, may contribute to host defense response against adenoviral infection. Prevents adenovirus entry into host cells by hydrolyzing host cell plasma membrane, releasing C16:0 LPCs that inhibit virus-mediated membrane fusion and viral infection. Likely prevents adenoviral entry into the endosomes of host cells (By similarity). May play a role in maturation and activation of innate immune cells including macrophages, group 2 innate lymphoid cells and mast cells (PubMed:29093264). a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + a fatty acid + H(+) 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = (9Z)-octadecenoate + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H(+) 1-octadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 1-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H(+) 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H(+) + hexadecanoate 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-glycerol + H2O = (9Z)-octadecenoate + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-glycerol + H(+) 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + H2O = 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + H(+) + hexadecanoate 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine + H2O = (9Z)-octadecenoate + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine + H(+) 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + H2O = (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + H(+) 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + H2O = (9Z)-octadecenoate + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + H(+) 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + acetate + H(+) Binds 1 Ca(2+) ion per subunit. Interacts with PLA2R1; this interaction mediates PLA2G10 clearance and inactivation. Expressed at high levels in testis and the gastrointestinal tract including stomach and colon. Expressed at lower levels in other tissues including small intestine, uterus, oviduct, lung, thymus, spleen and brain (PubMed:11019817, PubMed:21266581). Expressed in Paneth-like secretory epithelial cells of the colon (PubMed:27292189). Expressed in gastric and ileac epithelial cells and in glandular epithelium of intestinal mucosa (at protein level) (PubMed:21266581). Expressed in late spermatogenic cells, spermatocytes and spermatids, but not spermatogonia in seminiferous tubules (at protein level) (PubMed:20424324). Expressed mainly in the apical side of endometrial epithelial cells and in the interstitium beneath the epithelium of uterus (at protein level) (PubMed:21266581). Expressed in resident spleen macrophages (at protein level) (PubMed:11019817). Expressed at outermost layer of hair follicles (PubMed:21266583). Expressed in dorsal root ganglia in both NEFH-positive A-fibers and PRPH-positive C-fibers (at protein level) (PubMed:21266581). During hair follicle growth cycle, it is detected at low levels at 17.5 dpc (hair folliculogenesis stage), increases to a maximum expression level by P10 (anagen), declines to the basal level at P15-20 (catagen to telogen), and again increases at P25 (re-entry into the next anagen). Up-regulated in alveolar macrophages upon allergen-induced airway inflammation (PubMed:17403936). Up-regulated in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in response to house dust mite proteolytic allergens (PubMed:29093264). Mutant male mice have reduced fertility due to deficient acrosome reaction (PubMed:20424324). Mutant mice are lean and protected from age-related adiposity and fatty liver (PubMed:21266581). Mutant mice show resistance to allergen-induced asthma, with marked reduction of inflammatory cell recruitment in the lungs, reduced goblet cell metaplasia, smooth muscle cell layer thickening and subepithelial fibrosis and impaired mucus hypersecretion. This resistance to allergen-induced inflammation is associated with deficient T helper type 2 immune response and decreased eicosanoid synthesis (PubMed:17403936). Mutant mice are protected against airway allergic inflammation induced by house dust mite allergens (PubMed:29093264). Mutant mice show hair shaft abnormalities including hypoplastic outer root sheath and reduced number of melanin granules (PubMed:21266583). Belongs to the phospholipase A2 family.