Triosephosphate isomerase is an extremely efficient metabolic enzyme that catalyzes the interconversion between dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. It is also responsible for the non-negligible production of methylglyoxal a reactive cytotoxic side-product that modifies and can alter proteins, DNA and lipids. dihydroxyacetone phosphate = methylglyoxal + phosphate D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate = dihydroxyacetone phosphate Carbohydrate degradation; glycolysis; D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate from glycerone phosphate: step 1/1. Carbohydrate biosynthesis; gluconeogenesis. Homodimer. Belongs to the triosephosphate isomerase family.