Snake venom phospholipase A2 homolog that lacks enzymatic activity. Shows local myotoxic activity (PubMed:11018293, PubMed:12079495, PubMed:31906173). Induces inflammation, since it induces edema and leukocytes infiltration (PubMed:11018293, PubMed:31906173). In addition, it induces NLRP3 NLRP3, ASC (PYCARD), caspase-1 (CASP1), and IL-1beta (IL1B) gene expression in the gastrocnemius muscle, showing that it is able to activate NLRP3 inflammasome (PubMed:31906173). It also damages artificial and myoblast membranes by a calcium-independent mechanism, has bactericidal activity, and induces neuromuscular blockade (PubMed:27531710). A model of myotoxic mechanism has been proposed: an apo Lys49-PLA2 is activated by the entrance of a hydrophobic molecule (e.g. fatty acid) at the hydrophobic channel of the protein leading to a reorientation of a monomer (PubMed:27531710) (By similarity). This reorientation causes a transition between 'inactive' to 'active' states, causing alignment of C-terminal and membrane-docking sites (MDoS) side-by-side and putting the membrane-disruption sites (MDiS) in the same plane, exposed to solvent and in a symmetric position for both monomers (PubMed:27531710) (By similarity). The MDoS region stabilizes the toxin on membrane by the interaction of charged residues with phospholipid head groups (PubMed:27531710) (By similarity). Subsequently, the MDiS region destabilizes the membrane with penetration of hydrophobic residues (PubMed:27531710) (By similarity). This insertion causes a disorganization of the membrane, allowing an uncontrolled influx of ions (i.e. calcium and sodium), and eventually triggering irreversible intracellular alterations and cell death (PubMed:27531710) (By similarity). Suramin inhibits both myotoxic and muscle-paralyzing activities (PubMed:14505937). Chicoric acid inhibits myotoxic activity (PubMed:30251662). Zinc ions inhibits the myotoxic activity and the neuromuscular blockade (PubMed:27531710). Heparin inhibits myotoxic activity (PubMed:16197992). Homodimer; non-covalently linked (probable alternative/compact dimer conformation in solution) (PubMed:17157889, PubMed:19401234, PubMed:20371382, PubMed:27531710, PubMed:30251662). Binds to heparin (PubMed:16197992). Expressed by the venom gland. LD(50) is 7.5-8.5 mg/kg by intraperitoneal injection into mice. LD(50) is 4.8 mg/kg by intravenous injection into mice. Belongs to the phospholipase A2 family. Group II subfamily. K49 sub-subfamily. Does not bind calcium as one of the calcium-binding sites is lost (Asp->Lys in position 64, which corresponds to 'Lys-49' in the current nomenclature). However, the hydrolytic activity is not restored by the mutant containing an Asp-64, indicating that other residues play a key role in hydrolytic activity (PubMed:11829743).