Converts glycerol-3-phosphate to 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate (lysophosphatidic acid or LPA) by incorporating an acyl moiety at the sn-1 position of the glycerol backbone (PubMed:17170135). Also converts LPA into 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate (phosphatidic acid or PA) by incorporating an acyl moiety at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone (By similarity). Protects cells against lipotoxicity (By similarity). an acyl-CoA + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate = a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + an acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA dodecanoyl-CoA + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate = 1-dodecanoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + CoA hexadecanoyl-CoA + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate = 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate = 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-CoA + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate = 1-(9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + 1-tetradecanoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate = 1-tetradecanoyl-2-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate = 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + 1-(6Z,9Z,12Z-octadecatrienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate = (6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatrienoyl-2-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + 1-(9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate = 1-(9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoyl-2-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + tetradecanoyl-CoA = 1-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-2-tetradecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + octadecanoyl-CoA = 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-2-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-CoA + 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate = 1-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-2-(9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + 1-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate = 1-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-2-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA Glycerolipid metabolism; triacylglycerol biosynthesis. Phospholipid metabolism; CDP-diacylglycerol biosynthesis; CDP-diacylglycerol from sn-glycerol 3-phosphate: step 1/3. Most abundant in epididymal fat, followed by small intestine, brown adipose tissue, kidney, heart and colon. During adipocyte differentiation. The HXXXXD motif is essential for acyltransferase activity and may constitute the binding site for the phosphate moiety of the glycerol-3-phosphate. Belongs to the 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase family.