A CoA-acylating aldehyde dehydrogenase required for optimal 1,2-propanediol (1,2-PD) degradation (PubMed:14504694, PubMed:20308536). Optimizes growth in the bacterial microcompartment (BMC) dedicated to 1,2-PD degradation by minimizing propionaldehyde toxicity (Probable). Directly targeted to the BMC (PubMed:20308536, PubMed:22927404, PubMed:26283792). NAD(+) and NADH are regenerated internally within the Pdu BMC by the PduP and PduQ enzymes, which reduce NAD(+) and oxidize NADH respectively, although there must also be cofactor transport across the BMC (PubMed:23077559). The 1,2-PD-specific bacterial microcompartment (BMC) concentrates low levels of 1,2-PD catabolic enzymes, concentrates volatile reaction intermediates thus enhancing pathway flux and keeps the level of toxic, mutagenic propionaldehyde low. CoA + NAD(+) + propanal = H(+) + NADH + propanoyl-CoA Polyol metabolism; 1,2-propanediol degradation. Interacts with BMC shell proteins PduA and PduJ, which target this protein to BMC (PubMed:22927404). Interacts with PduQ, probably via the N-terminus of PduQ (PubMed:23077559). Interacts with PduK, probably with its BMC-containing N-terminus (By similarity). Probably located inside the BMC shell. BMC production is induced by growth on 1,2-PD vitamin B12 medium. A short N-terminal, probably helical sequence targets this enzyme and foreign proteins (tested with GST, MBP and eGFP) to the BMC. 10 residues give poor localization while 14 is better and 18 is better yet. The cargo is only detected by Western blot in broken shells, strongly suggesting this protein is normally found inside the BMC and not on its exterior (PubMed:20308536, PubMed:22927404, PubMed:26283792). This N-terminal sequence interacts with the C-terminus of PduA, and possibly also with PduJ, to encapsulate PduP into BMCs (PubMed:22927404). PduD and PduP compete for encapsulation in BMCs (PubMed:26283792). Significantly impaired for growth on 1,2-PD/CN-B12, loss of propionaldehyde dehydrogenase activity (PubMed:14504694). Releases decreased amounts of acetaldehyde when grown on propanediol (PubMed:16585748). Bacterial microcompartments (BMC) 100-200 nm in cross section are formed during aerobic growth on minimal 1,2-PD-B12 or anaerobic growth on 1,2-PD-tetrathionate medium, but not during aerobic growth on glucose, anerobic growth on glucose or pyruvate-tetrathionate (PubMed:10498708). BMCs can constitute up to 10% of total cell protein (PubMed:12923081). Belongs to the EutE/PduP family.