Alpha-conotoxins act on postsynaptic membranes, they bind to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) and thus inhibit them. This toxin causes paralysis upon intramuscular injection into goldfish and blocks both fetal (alpha-1/beta-1/delta-gamma subunits) and adult (alpha-1/beta-1/delta-epsilon subunits) subtypes of vertebrate muscle nAChRs in a dose-dependent manner. Expressed by the venom duct. The cysteine framework is I (CC-C-C). Alpha4/4 pattern. Belongs to the conotoxin A superfamily.