Calcium-binding protein. Binds one calcium ion per monomer (PubMed:17030513). Can promote differentiation of adipocytes (in vitro) (By similarity). Overexpression in preadipocytes increases their proliferation, enhances adipogenesis and reduces insulin-stimulated glucose uptake (By similarity). Homodimer (PubMed:17030513, PubMed:21046186). Interacts with TP53 (By similarity). Primarily nucleolar. A high intracellular calcium level induces nucleolar exit and nucleocytoplasmic transport, whereas a low intracellular calcium level leads to nuclear translocation and accumulation within specific region of nucleoli (PubMed:17030513). Ubiquitous (PubMed:14684152). Highly expressed in esophagus, adipose tissues and colon. Expressed at lower level in lung, brain, pancreas and skeletal muscle. Expression is up-regulated in tumors of bladder, lung, thyroid gland, pancreas and ovary (PubMed:14684152). Expressed in astrocytes (PubMed:17030513). S100A16 proteins, but not other S100 proteins, have only one functional Ca(2+) binding site per monomer. Upon Ca(2+) binding, undergoes conformational changes leading to the exposure of hydrophobic patches which could be implicated in the Ca(2+) -dependent nuclear export. Binds Zn(2+). Ca(2+) and Zn(2+) do not bind to the same site. Does not bind Cu(2+). Belongs to the S-100 family.