by invoking Section 8(2) of the 1955 Act, he is deemed to be an Indian citizen under Article 8 of the Constitution of India by virtue of his grandparents’ birth in undivided India. Moreover, he was entitled to seek Indian citizenship under Section 5(1)(b) of the 1955 Act. 6. The learned senior counsel invited our attention to Articles 5 and 6 of the Constitution, which specifically use the expression “at the commencement of this Constitution.” In contrast, Article 8 uses the expression “whether before or after commencement of the Constitution of India”. Therefore, Article 8, as opposed to Articles 5 and 6, applies even after the commencement of the Constitution. He submitted that by the language used in Section 5 of the 1955 Act, it is crystal clear that a person can acquire Indian citizenship either by virtue of constitutional provisions or by taking recourse to the 1955 Act. Article 8 is an independent and distinct source of citizenship. 7. It was submitted that Pranav’s