Making good and aesthetically pleasing bamboo joints is rather complicated because bamboo is hollow, tapered, has nodes at varying distances, and it is not perfectly circular. It is important to keep all these constraints in mind when designing a bamboo joint.
Although traditions, local practices and publications give some information on bamboo joinery, this information is far from complete as essential data is missing in most cases. Many traditional joinery techniques suffer from weakness or deformation, where the strength of the bamboo culm itself is lost.
Before bamboo gets widely adopted in modern architecture (and becomes affordable for all to use), the problem with bamboo joints and universal joining systems has to be solved. After all, timber, steel, and more recently prefabricated concrete, only became proper building materials for the same reasons. How many cumbersome solutions for joints have one seen, before these materials became a standard in construction?
Only if the problem with bamboo joinery can be satisfactorily addressed, and simplified, we can expect to see much more bamboo in Western buildings, bridges and furniture.
Below you'll find some examples and illustrations of traditional bamboo joinery techniques.
>>> Also see our article about: Basic Principles when Joining Bamboo Poles.
1. Joint with one or two ears. Is used to join bamboo rafters, logs or lumber.
|2. Double ear joint. This technique Is used when the rafters or beams have a larger diameter than the diameter of the columns.||3. Joint with one or two external ears.|
|4. Flap joint. Is used when there is no lashing wire available. The flap can be secured with bamboo strips.||5. Fish mouth joint.|
1. Joining bamboo with dowels and lashing. The peg should be placed in the column parallel to the rafter.
2. Fish mouth joint with pegs.
3. Bamboo joint with wooden anchor. Is also used inverted.
4. Bamboo joint with metal anchor. This technique Is used in various positions.
1. Beams formed by 4 or 6 members. The top row is separated from the bottom with bamboo or wood slats so that the upper bamboos do not slide over the lower.
2. Central double rafter. It has a wide range of applications in the construction of bridges and structures for rural facilities.
3. Lateral double rafter. Each of the rafters is secured independently at the side support and each other. It is often used in the construction of bridges and structures for rural facilities
4. Lateral double rafters. Is often used as a central support for bridge structures or sheds.
|1. Joint with double wooden wedge.||2. Joint with dowels and clamping fitters.|
|3. Cross joint with dowel.||4. Lateral joint with dowel.||5. Corner joint.|
1. Top splicing.
2. Bevel splicing.
4. Half bamboo splicing.
5. Splicing with internal union.
6. Splicing with external union.
7. Telescope splicing.
Source: Oscar Hidalgo Lopez, Manual de construccion con bambu.