Science Fair Project Encyclopedia
Vitis x bourquina
Vitis x champinii
Vitis x doaniana
Vitis x labruscana
Vitis x novae-angliae
A grape is the fruit of a vine in the family Vitaceae. It is commonly used for making grape juice, jelly, wine and raisins, or can be eaten raw. Grapes constitute approximately 50% of all fruit grown in the world.
Many species of grape exist including:
- Vitis vinifera, the European winemaking grapes
- Vitis labrusca, the North American table and grape juice grapes, sometimes used for wine
- Vitis riparia , a wild grape of North America, sometimes used for winemaking
- Vitis rotundifolia , the muscadines, used for jelly and sometimes wine
- Vitis aestivalis , the variety Norton is used for winemaking
- Vitis lincecumii (also called Vitis aestivalis or Vitis lincecumii), Vitis berlandieri (also called Vitis cinerea var. helleri), Vitis cinerea , Vitis rupestris are used for making hybrid wine grapes and for pest-resistant rootstocks.
Hybrids also exist, primarily crosses of V. vinifera with one or more varieties of V. labrusca , V. riparia or V. aestivalis . Hybrids tend to be less susceptible to frost and disease (notably phylloxera), but their wine has little of the characteristic "foxy" odor of labrusca .
Currently, a large fraction of the grape crop goes to producing grape juice to be used as a sweetener for fruits canned 'with no added sugar' and '100% natural'.
Wild grapes are often considered a nuisance weed as they cover other plants and form thick entangling vines.
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