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Can energy be borrowed from vacuum(to be returned immediately)? If this happens how do we know vacuum energy is real if virtual particles don't exist?
Can energy be borrowed from vacuum (to be returned immediately)? If this happens, how do we know vacuum energy is real if virtual particles don't exist?
Yes, according to some theories, it is possible to borrow energy from the vacuum and then return it. However, the concept of virtual particles is used to explain this phenomenon. Virtual particles are not directly observable but they do have measurable effects on other particles they interact with. This suggests that they do exist in some sense.