text: Microinjection of the L-type calcium channel antagonist diltiazem into the ventral nucleus accumbens shell facilitates cocaine-induced conditioned place preferences.
  Calcium (Ca2+) influx within the nucleus accumbens shell (NASh) can influence brain reward processes. We found previously that rats self-administer NMDA receptor antagonists (which block Ca2+ influx through NMDA receptors) into the NASh. We also found that manipulations which increase expression of Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptors within this region make cocaine aversive. Here we examined if Ca2+ influx via L-type Ca2+ channels within the NASh would influence cocaine reward. Rats received bilateral microinjections of the L-type Ca2+ channel antagonist diltiazem into the ventral NASh prior to place conditioning with systemic cocaine. Microinjections of diltiazem (10 nmol/hemisphere) into the ventral NASh facilitated the ability of a sub-threshold dose of cocaine (5.0 mg/kg) to establish place preferences, but did not affect place conditioning on their own (5.0-40 nmol/hemisphere). Microinjections into more dorsal regions had no effects. Blockade of Ca2+ influx through L-type channels Ca2+ within the ventral NASh increases cocaine reward.