Further outbreaks in Madagascar were reported in November 2014 and October 2017 .


After a protracted siege during which the Mongol army was reportedly withering from the disease , they decided to use the infected corpses as a biological weapon .


Between the wars , the city continued to expand , most notably to the west of the Jordaan district in the Frederik Hendrikbuurt and surrounding neighbourhoods .


Notable male members of the order associated with mysticism include Meister Eckhart and Henry Suso .


For example , the one-hole letters are E and T. The ten two-hole letters are AOINSHRDLZ , very similar to the " Etaoin shrdlu " order used in Linotype machines .


( BELL codes could be inserted in those sequences to signal to the remote operator that a new message was coming or that transmission of a message was terminated ) .


The values shown in each cell are the Unicode codepoints , given for comparison .


A metro started operating in 1977 between the new suburb of Bijlmermeer in the city 's Zuidoost ( southeast ) exclave and the centre of Amsterdam .


The album launched two number one hits in the title song and " Vincent " .


Mike Mills of R.E.M. said " You ca n't change a note in that song " .


In 2018 , singer-songwriter Ellie Goulding recorded a new , stripped back , acoustic guitar-driven version of the song .


The required large-scale demolitions began in Amsterdam 's former Jewish neighbourhood .


This initial version was heard by Roberta Flack who recorded it with slight changes to create a number one hit .


His repertoire included old concert hall numbers and the catalogues of singers such as Buddy Holly and Frank Sinatra .


The mural includes the likeness of singer / songwriter Alicia Keys , with lyrics to the song " Empire State of Mind " , which she performed with Jay-Z .


He started out in 1989 as a student at the current Radboud University Nijmegen in the Netherlands , where he lived in a typical student house with all the stereotypical side-kicks , such as the frat boy , the beer drinker , the bossy girl who checks if everybody keeps to the house rules , and the tramps who use the heated shared hallway to stay the night .


The new city hall was built on the almost completely demolished Waterlooplein .


Recent studies have revealed that the slow folding of heterologous proteins at the membrane-cell wall interface of Gram-positive bacteria renders them vulnerable to attack by wall-associated proteases .


The game was released as a Virtual Console title for the Wii U in 2014 .


The game 's music was represented in the classic games medley on the Video Games Live concert tour .


In the early years of the 21st century , the Amsterdam city centre has attracted large numbers of tourists : between 2012 and 2015 , the annual number of visitors rose from 10 to 17 million .


This version is modified to require a Wii Remote controller in place of the NES Zapper to aim and shoot targets on the screen .


com placed the dog seventh , praising his confidence for " laughing at a frustrated human with a loaded rifle " , while GameSpy placed the dog in tenth .


He stays in the house of an old woman in London .


The landscape architect was Roberto Burle Marx .


These developments have evoked comparisons with Venice , a city thought to be overwhelmed by the tourist influx .


The city has a unique status in Brazil , as it is an administrative division rather than a legal municipality like other cities in Brazil .


An article of the country 's first republican constitution , dated 1891 , states that the capital should be moved from Rio de Janeiro to a place close to the country 's center .


In 2010 , Brasília was ranked the fourth-most populous city in Brazil after São Paulo , Rio de Janeiro , and Salvador .


At the close of the 20th century , Brasília held the distinction of being the largest city in the world which had not existed at the beginning of the century .


Construction of a metro line connecting the part of the city north of the river ( or lake ) IJ to the centre was started in 2003 .


These cities , with the exception of Gama and Sobradinho , were not planned .


The President and his or her family do not live in it , rather in the official residence , the Palácio da Alvorada .


The city has six international schools : American School of Brasília , Brasília International School ( BIS ) , Escola das Nações , Swiss International School ( SIS ) , Lycée français François-Mitterrand ( LfFM ) and Maple Bear Canadian School .


August 2016 will see the opening of a new international school – the British School of Brasília .


Since 2014 , renewed focus has been given to urban regeneration and renewal , especially in areas directly bordering the city centre , such as Frederik Hendrikbuurt .


An IndyCar race was cancelled at the last minute in 2015 .


Currently , NBB champion ( 2010 , 2011 and 2012 ) .


The club hosts some of its games at the 16,000 all-seat Nilson Nelson Gymnasium .


Produced with a budget of 32 " million DM ( about $ 18.5 " million , equivalent to million € ) , the film 's high production cost ranks it among the most expensive films in German cinema , but the film was a commercial success and grossed $ 84.9 " million worldwide ( equivalent to million $ ) .


The river Amstel ends in the city centre and connects to a large number of canals that eventually terminate in the IJ .


His orders were to photograph and describe the U-boat in action .


The interior U-boat mock-up was mounted five metres off the floor and was shaken , rocked , and tilted up to 45 degrees by means of a hydraulic apparatus , and was vigorously shaken to simulate depth charge attacks .


Most of the interior shots were filmed using a hand-held Arriflex of cinematographer Jost Vacano 's design to convey the claustrophobic atmosphere of the boat .


When " U-96 " s torpedo missed , the ship was stopped and her papers checked .


In reality , " U-96 " survived the war unscathed with the majority of her senior officers surviving as well , but much like its on-screen fate , it actually was sunk by Allied bombers at its berth in Wilhelmshaven in March 1945 .


Even though the beginning and the end of the film occur in the port of La Rochelle , it does not correspond historically .


The submarine base in La Rochelle was not functional before November 1941 , and at the time of the film the port was dried up .


While Saint-Nazaire was the base used in the novel and where " U-96 " was based at in late 1941 , the film was changed to La Rochelle because its appearance had not changed to such a large degree in the years since World War II .


A man-made forest , Amsterdamse Bos , is in the southwest .


More recently , JavaScript libraries such as jQuery have abstracted away many of the day-to-day difficulties in cross-browser DOM manipulation .


The combined launcher was named Europa .


A section of the propulsion bay , engines and equipment can be found at the Solway Aviation Museum , Carlisle Lake District Airport .


Amsterdam is connected to the North Sea through the long North Sea Canal .


However , the area has aroused considerable interest from oil companies in the light of the discovery of rich reserves of high grade crude oil in Nigeria .


The territory subsequently became " de facto " part of Nigeria , although the border was never permanently delineated .


However , Nigeria never ratified the agreement , while Cameroon regarded it as being in force .


It instructed Nigeria to transfer possession of the peninsula , but did not require the inhabitants to move or to change their nationality .


Parks and nature reserves make up 12 % of Amsterdam 's land area .


Nigeria began to withdraw its forces , comprising some 3,000 troops , beginning 1 August 2006 , and a ceremony on 14 August marked the formal handover of the northern part of the peninsula .


The displaced people were then moved to Akpabuyo , and eventually established a new community of Dayspring .


For example , the pelican , which was believed to tear open its breast to bring its young to life with its own blood , was a living representation of Jesus .


The contents of medieval bestiaries were often obtained and created from combining older textual sources and accounts of animals , such as the " Physiologus " .


Amsterdam has more than of canals , most of which are navigable by boat .


In modern times , artists such as Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec and Saul Steinberg have produced their own bestiaries .


Jorge Luis Borges wrote a contemporary bestiary of sorts , the " Book of Imaginary Beings " , which collects imaginary beasts from bestiaries and fiction .


The compromise solution that emerged in 1836 was that the sole authority to conduct the examinations leading to degrees would be given to a new officially recognized entity called the " University of London " , which would act as examining body for the University of London colleges , originally University College London and King 's College London , and award their students University of London degrees .


Web conferencing software helps to facilitate class meetings , and usually contains additional interaction tools such as text chat , polls , hand raising , emoticons etc .


It has been compared with Venice , due to its division into about 90 islands , which are linked by more than 1,200 bridges .


The study included the University of California , California State University , and the community colleges .


It was his first novel , published by Chatto & Windus in 1929 , and thought to be partly autobiographical .


The film 's score was not released as an album until " Film Score Monthly " released it in 2005 .


The song appears in the films " More American Graffiti " and " Canadian Bacon " .


Amsterdam has an oceanic climate ( Köppen " Cfb " ) strongly influenced by its proximity to the North Sea to the west , with prevailing westerly winds .


Many of these dance types are familiar from baroque music , perhaps most spectacularly in the stylized suites of J. S. Bach .


While some 300 of these dances had been preserved in Beauchamp–Feuillet notation , it was n't until the mid-20 th century that serious scholarship commenced in deciphering the notation and reconstructing the dances .


Her work in choreographing the landmark 1986 production of Lully 's 1676 tragedie-lyrique " Atys " was part of the national celebration of the 300th anniversary of Lully 's death .


A common misunderstanding about the intelligence of breeds in the Hound group stems from their independent nature , which conflicts with the frequent confusion between the concepts of " intelligence " and " obedience " in discussions of canine brainpower .


Amsterdam , as well as most of the North Holland province , lies in USDA Hardiness zone 8b .


" Life " magazine described his reception as " worshipful hysteria " and noted that the royal family , for the first time , left the royal box to watch from the front row of the orchestra .


His last cinematic starring role came in 1963 's " The Man from the Diners ' Club " .


He also appeared on the interview program " Here 's Hollywood " .


The operational show chairman was well-known aviation figure Lynn Garrison .


Even then , because Amsterdam is surrounded on three sides by large bodies of water , as well as having a significant heat-island effect , nights rarely fall below , while it could easily be in Hilversum , southeast .


A good friend of Leo Durocher , he often traveled with the team .


Fanconi syndrome usually presents between 4 and 8 years of age , but sometimes as early as 3 years or as late as 10 years .


The word ( " uncircumcised " [ singular ] ) is also employed for " impermeable " ( Leviticus 26 : 41 , " their uncircumcised hearts " ; compare Jeremiah 9:25 ; Ezekiel 44 : 7 , 9 ) ; it is also applied to the first three years ' fruit of a tree , which is forbidden ( Leviticus 19:23 ) .


Joshua 5:2 – 9 , explains , " all the people that came out " of Egypt were circumcised , but those " born in the wilderness " were not .


Amsterdam 's average annual precipitation is .


Other sources contradict this claim , with copies of Moses Sofer 's responsa making no mention of the legal case or of his ruling applying in only one situation .


However , while prominent rabbis such as Abraham Geiger believed the ritual to be barbaric and outdated , they refrained from instituting any change in this matter .


Jewish circumcision is tightly bound by ritual timing and tradition ; however , in Islam , there is no fixed age for circumcision .


One of the earliest written treatments of business ethics is found in the " Tirukkuṛaḷ " , a Tamil book dated variously from 300 BCE to the 7th century CE and attributed to Thiruvalluvar .


In contrast to those other metropolises , Amsterdam was also surrounded by large towns such as Leiden ( about 67,000 ) , Rotterdam ( 45,000 ) , Haarlem ( 38,000 ) , and Utrecht ( 30,000 ) .


The etymological root of property is the Latin ' proprius ' which refers to ' nature ' , ' quality ' , ' one 's own ' , ' special characteristic ' , ' proper ' , ' intrinsic ' , ' inherent ' , ' regular ' , ' normal ' , ' genuine ' , ' thorough , complete , perfect ' etc .


In 1802 utilitarian Jeremy Bentham stated , " property and law are born together and die together " .


John Rawls and Robert Nozick are both notable contributors .


Milton Friedman is the pioneer of the view .


Amsterdam 's population hit an all-time high of 872,000 in 1959 , before declining in the following decades due to government-sponsored suburbanisation to so-called " groeikernen " ( growth centres ) such as Purmerend and Almere .


Though it is unclear whether firms such as Citi take offences reported to these hotlines seriously or not .


Journal of Business Ethics Education " publishes articles specifically about education in business ethics .


PAS documents are a flexible and rapid standards development model that is open to all organizations .


A PAS is a sponsored piece of work allowing organizations flexibility in the rapid creation of a standard while also allowing for a greater degree of control over the document 's development .


Between 1970 and 1980 , Amsterdam experienced its sharp population decline , peaking at a net loss of 25,000 people in 1973 .


Offline debit cards have the logos of major credit cards ( for example , Visa that is , people who do not use banks or credit unions for their financial transactions .


Advantages of prepaid debit cards include being safer than carrying cash , worldwide functionality due to Visa and MasterCard merchant acceptance , not having to worry about paying a credit card bill or going into debt , the opportunity for anyone over the age of 18 to apply and be accepted without regard to credit quality , and the option to directly deposit paychecks and government benefits onto the card for free .


In January 2016 , the UK government introduced fee-free basic bank accounts for all , having a significant impact on the prepaid industry , including the departure of a number of firms .


Visa and MasterCard , for instance , prohibit minimum and maximum purchase sizes , surcharges , and arbitrary security procedures on the part of merchants .


This was soon followed by reurbanisation and gentrification , Amsterdam 's population is expected to top its previous high in 2019 , reaching 873,000 .


EFTPOS is very popular in Australia and has been operating there since the 1980 s .


EFTPOS-enabled cards are accepted at almost all swipe terminals able to accept credit cards , regardless of the bank that issued the card , including Maestro cards issued by foreign banks , with most businesses accepting them , with 450,000 point of sale terminals .


Most early keycards were only usable for EFTPOS and at ATM or bank branches , whilst the new debit card system works in the same way as a credit card , except it will only use funds in the specified bank account .


Australia operates both electronic credit card transaction authorization and traditional EFTPOS debit card authorization systems , the difference between the two being that EFTPOS transactions are authorized by a personal identification number ( PIN ) while credit card transactions can additionally be authorized using a contactless payment mechanism ( requiring a PIN for purchases over $ 100 ) .


Just twenty percent of them survived the Shoah .


Some banks also offer Visa and MasterCard debit cards but these are mostly online banks .


It is a client card issued by a bank that provides access to funds and other bank account transactions , such as transferring funds , checking balances , paying bills , etc. , as well as point of purchase transactions connected on the Interac network .


They are different in that stored-value cards are generally anonymous and are only usable at the issuer , while debit cards are generally associated with an individual 's bank account and can be used anywhere on the Interac network .


It was introduced on 1 September 1983 , and despite the initial transactions being paper-based , the Dankort quickly won widespread acceptance .


Jews often fled the pogroms in those areas .


Previously , only cash withdrawal from ATMs was available to minors ( " automaattikortti " or Visa ) .


Most card holders choose to pay around € 5 more in their annual fee to additionally have a Visa or a MasterCard logo on their Carte Bleue , so that the card is accepted internationally .


Furthermore , some payment discounts are being offered ( " e.g. " a 10 % reduction for public transport fares ) when paying with " Geldkarte " .


In Hungary debit cards are far more common and popular than credit cards .


They not only founded their own synagogues , but had a strong influence on the ' Amsterdam dialect ' adding a large Yiddish local vocabulary .


As the COVID cases in India are surging up , the banking institution has shifted its focus to contactless payment options such as contactless debit card , contactless credit card and contactless prepaid card .


The payment methods are changing drastically in India because of social distancing norms and lockdown ; people are using more of the digital transactions rather than cash .


These can be used anywhere the Visa logo is seen and in much the same way as a credit card .


These may be disposable or reloadable and are usually either Visa or MasterCard branded .


Despite an absence of an official Jewish ghetto , most Jews preferred to live in the eastern part of the old medieval heart of the city .


In Japan people usually use their , originally intended only for use with cash machines , as debit cards .


KNET card transactions are free for both customer and the merchant and therefore KNET debit cards are used for low valued transactions as well .


In the Netherlands using EFTPOS is known as " pinnen " ( pinning ) , a term derived from the use of a personal identification number ( PIN ) .


Equens , an association with all major banks as its members , runs the system , and until August 2005 also charged for it .


The neighbourhood comprised the " Waterlooplein " and the Nieuwmarkt .


Credit card use in the Netherlands is very low , and most credit cards cannot be used with EFTPOS , or charge very high fees to the customer .


Service is available in 2,000 terminals , mostly in Metro Manila .


This is a response to the BSP 's monitor of the EMV shift progress in the country .


Almost all business and stores in Poland accept debit and credit cards .


Catholic churches in Amsterdam have been constructed since the restoration of the episcopal hierarchy in 1853 .


In addition to Visa , MasterCard and American Express , there are some local payment systems based in general on smart card technology .


As well as its use for debit cards , the network is also used for ATM and credit card transactions .


Most banks issue major-brand debit cards that can be used internationally such as Visa , MasterCard and JCB , often with contactless functionality .


In the UK debit cards ( an integrated EFTPOS system ) are an established part of the retail market and are widely accepted both in physical and on internet stores .


In recent times , religious demographics in Amsterdam have been changed by immigration from former colonies .


Almost all establishments in the United Kingdom that accept credit cards also accept debit cards .


They have Visa or MasterCard logos , but cannot be used as " debit cards " , only as " credit cards " .


Furthermore , they are not accepted by all merchants that accept debit and credit cards , but only by those that specifically accept FSA debit cards .


There has been a lack of cash due to the Venezuelan economical crisis and thus the demand and use of debit cards has increased greatly during the last years .


Islam is now the largest non-Christian religion in Amsterdam .


Many of the early building societies were based in taverns or coffeehouses , which had become the focus for a network of clubs and societies for co-operation and the exchange of ideas among Birmingham 's highly active citizenry as part of the movement known as the Midlands Enlightenment .


By 1781 three more societies had been established in Birmingham , with a fourth in the nearby town of Dudley ; and 19 more formed in Birmingham between 1782 and 1795 .


The Republic of Ireland had around 40 building societies at the mid-20 th century peak .


This would keep the bombers out of range of Soviet ground-based defences installed around the target area , allowing the missile to " dash " in at high speed .


often in parking garages in the Bijlmer area .


177B ) was quickly produced to extend the life of the V-bomber force in the strategic role until the Polaris missile was deployed .


When Benjamin Roden died in 1978 , he was succeeded by his wife Lois Roden .


After Lois Roden died , George Roden assumed the right to the Presidency .


Both groups have disputed the relevance of the other 's spiritual authority based on the proceedings following Victor Houteff 's death .


With 180 different nationalities , Amsterdam is home to one of the widest varieties of nationalities of any city in the world .


As of " DDR 2014 " , the groove radar also employs a numerical measurement in addition to a graphical representation .


All of the " MAX " songs on " MAX2 " received foot-ratings , excluding songs that were removed .


The random BPM display is replaced with the normal BPM display in the next mix , and as of " X " , after said song has been unlocked for normal play .


However , it introduced Konami 's internet based link system " e-Amusement " to the series , which can save stats and unlocks for individual players ( but cannot store edits ) .


The oldest area of the town is known as De Wallen ( English : " The Quays " ) .


Both of these are based on the PlayStation .


The games come with a small thumb pad that fits over the Game Boy Color 's controls to simulate the dance pad .


The tournament allows players in different regions around the world to sign up and play in specific online events to earn a spot in the grand finals , typically held in Tokyo , Japan .


The first iterations of the tournament were limited only to competitors in Japan .


It lies to the east of Damrak and contains the city 's famous red-light district .


During World War I , however , Italy did not go to war immediately with its allies but stayed neutral .


Under Hantzsch–Widman nomenclature , a diazepine is a heterocycle with two nitrogen atoms , five carbon atom and the maximum possible number of cumulative double bonds .


Influential developmental psychologists from the 20th century include Urie Bronfenbrenner , Erik Erikson , Sigmund Freud , Jean Piaget , Barbara Rogoff , Esther Thelen , and Lev Vygotsky .


One of them , Erik Erikson developed a model of eight stages of psychological development .


To the south of De Wallen is the old Jewish quarter of Waterlooplein .


Evolutionary developmental psychology is a research paradigm that applies the basic principles of Darwinian evolution , particularly natural selection , to understand the development of human behavior and cognition .


Attachment theory , originally developed by John Bowlby , focuses on the importance of open , intimate , emotionally meaningful relationships .


Linguist Noam Chomsky asserts that , evidenced by the lack of sufficient information in the language input , there is a universal grammar that applies to all human languages and is pre-specified .


Other accounts , such as that of Lev Vygotsky , have suggested that development does not progress through stages , but rather that the developmental process that begins at birth and continues until death is too complex for such structure and finality .


This can be recognised by the suffix " - meer " which means " lake " , as in Aalsmeer , Bijlmermeer , Haarlemmermeer , and Watergraafsmeer .


Feral children such as Genie , deprived of adequate stimulation , fail to acquire important skills and are unable to learn in later childhood .


The concept of critical periods is also well-established in neurophysiology , from the work of Hubel and Wiesel among others .


Early adulthood generally refers to the period between ages 18 to 29 , and according to theorists such as Erik Erikson , is a stage where development is mainly focused on maintaining relationships .


According to Erikson 's stages of psychosocial development , old age is the stage in which individuals assess the quality of their lives .


The Amsterdam canal system is the result of conscious city planning .


The WHO regards a BMI of less than 18.5 as underweight and may indicate malnutrition , an eating disorder , or other health problems , while a BMI equal to or greater than 25 is considered overweight and above 30 is considered obese .


The BMI has been used by the WHO as the standard for recording obesity statistics since the early 1980 s .


In late mitosis and early G1 phase , a large complex of initiator proteins assembles into the pre-replication complex at particular points in the DNA , known as " origins " .


Cdc6 and Cdt1 then associate with the bound origin recognition complex at the origin in order to form a larger complex necessary to load the Mcm complex onto the DNA .


In the early 17th century , when immigration was at a peak , a comprehensive plan was developed that was based on four concentric half-circles of canals with their ends emerging at the IJ bay .


The TOPRIM fold contains an α / β core with four conserved strands in a Rossmann-like topology .


Because a new Mcm complex cannot be loaded at an origin until the pre-replication subunits are reactivated , one origin of replication can not be used twice in the same cell cycle .


Geminin binds Cdt1 , preventing its binding to the origin recognition complex .


When geminin is destroyed , Cdt1 is released , allowing it to function in pre-replication complex assembly .


The fourth and outermost canal is the Singelgracht , which is often not mentioned on maps , because it is a collective name for all canals in the outer ring .


A Faravahar floats above , giving its blessing to the king .


She appeared in 11 short films between 1940 and 1954 , and far later in " Mickey 's Christmas Carol " ( 1983 ) and " Fantasia 2000 " ( 1999 ) .


Like the original " Fantasia " , the film constituted various musical segments .


She first appeared in a one-page illustration titled " Don Donald " and published in " Good Housekeeping " # 3701 ( January 1937 ) .


The Singelgracht should not be confused with the oldest and innermost canal , the Singel .


At Epcot , she appears at the main entrance .


His father 's family had founded Goldwater 's , a leading upscale department store in Phoenix .


A pilot , amateur radio operator , outdoorsman and photographer , he criss-crossed Arizona and developed a deep interest in both the natural and the human history of the state .


A Democratic campaign advertisement known as Daisy showed a young girl counting daisy petals , from one to ten .


Construction started in 1613 and proceeded from west to east , across the breadth of the layout , like a gigantic windshield wiper as the historian Geert Mak calls it – and not from the centre outwards , as a popular myth has it .


In the segregated city of Phoenix in the 1950 s , he had quietly supported civil rights for blacks , but would not let his name be used .


Eventually his doll collection included 437 items and was presented in 1969 to the Heard Museum in Phoenix .


Ansel Adams wrote a foreword to the 1976 book .


He was the first Congressman to serve while having a father in the Senate .


The eastern part of the concentric canal plan , covering the area between the Amstel river and the IJ bay , has never been implemented .


The most successful entrepreneurs , such as Mark Cuban , sold their shares or entered into hedges to protect their gains .


However , several telecom executives sold stock before the crash including Philip Anschutz , who reaped $ 1.9 billion , Joseph Nacchio , who reaped $ 248 million , and Gary Winnick , who sold $ 748 million worth of shares .


On March 13 , 2000 , news that Japan had once again entered a recession triggered a global sell off that disproportionately affected technology stocks .


That same day , MicroStrategy announced a revenue restatement due to aggressive accounting practices .


Over the years , several canals have been filled in , becoming streets or squares , such as the Nieuwezijds Voorburgwal and the Spui .


com , a much-hyped company that had backing from Amazon .


The September 11 attacks accelerated the stock-market drop later that year .


Investor confidence was further eroded by several accounting scandals and the resulting bankruptcies , including the Enron scandal in October 2001 , the WorldCom scandal in June 2002 , and the Adelphia Communications Corporation scandal in July 2002 .


As growth in the technology sector stabilized , companies consolidated ; some , such as Amazon .


After the development of Amsterdam 's canals in the 17th century , the city did not grow beyond its borders for two centuries .


He also owns the franchise for the Hamilton Tiger-Cats of the Canadian Football League and serves as self-styled Caretaker of the team .


Prior to being named PrecisionHawk 's CEO in 2015 , he was an early investor in the company .


It is now a popular residential area for people working in Munich , with roughly 45,000 inhabitants .


It was home to many artists during the late 19th and early 20th centuries ; well-known author and editor Ludwig Thoma lived here for two years .


During the 19th century , Samuel Sarphati devised a plan based on the grandeur of Paris and London at that time .


Remains of this old route are found along the Amper marshlands .


From June 1715 to Autumn 1717 , Joseph Effner remodeled the palace to suit the contemporary taste in style .


The Dachau art colony , which flourished between 1890 and 1914 , brought the town recognition as one of the most important artist 's colonies in Germany beside Worpswede .


14,100 prisoners were killed in the camp by the Nazis and almost another 10,000 in its subcamps .


The plan envisaged the construction of new houses , public buildings and streets just outside the Grachtengordel .


The bordering communities are Bergkirchen to the west , Schwabhausen to the northwest , Röhrmoos to the north , Hebertshausen to the northeast , and Karlsfeld to the south .


Additionally , several Staatsstraßen connect Dachau with surrounding towns and villages .


" Drosophila " ( ) is a genus of flies , belonging to the family Drosophilidae , whose members are often called " small fruit flies " or ( less frequently ) pomace flies , vinegar flies , or wine flies , a reference to the characteristic of many species to linger around overripe or rotting fruit .


They should not be confused with the Tephritidae , a related family , which are also called fruit flies ( sometimes referred to as " true fruit flies " ) ; tephritids feed primarily on unripe or ripe fruit , with many species being regarded as destructive agricultural pests , especially the Mediterranean fruit fly .


The area to the southeast of the city built during the same period is known as the Bijlmer .


" Drosophila " species also harbour vertically transmitted endosymbionts such as " Wolbachia " and " Spiroplasma " .


These endosymbionts can act as reproductive manipulators , such as cytoplasmic incompatibility induced by " Wolbachia " or male-killing induced by the " D. melanogaster Spiroplasma poulsonii " ( named MSRO ) .


According to Hannah Arendt , totalitarianism is a new and extreme form of dictatorship composed of " atomized , isolated individuals " .


Amsterdam has a rich architectural history .


There were no such dictatorships after the beginning of the 2nd century BC and later dictators such as Sulla and the Roman emperors exercised power much more personally and arbitrarily .


Often leading a private army , these " caudillos " or self-appointed political-military leaders , attacked weak national governments once they controlled a region 's political and economic powers , with examples such as Antonio López de Santa Anna in Mexico and Juan Manuel de Rosas in Argentina .


The wave of military dictatorships in South America in the second half of the twentieth century left a particular mark on Latin American culture .


The often-cited exploitative dictatorship is the regime of Mobutu Sese Seko , who ruled Zaire from 1965 to 1997 , embezzling over $ 5 " billion from his country .


It is also one of the few examples of Gothic architecture in Amsterdam .


Next was General Zia-ul-Haq who usurped power in 1977 and held on to power the longest until he died in an air crash in 1988 .


Several dozen less powerful species from the League of Non-Aligned Worlds also have diplomatic contact with the major races , including the Drazi , Brakiri , Vree , Markab , and pak'ma ' ra .


An ancient and secretive race , the Shadows , unknown to humans but documented in many other races ' religious texts , malevolently influence events to bring chaos and war among the known species .


The station is the last of its line ; the first three stations were all destroyed during construction , while " Babylon 4 " was completed but mysteriously vanished shortly after being made operational .


Amsterdam quickly developed its own Renaissance architecture .


Having worked on a number of television science fiction shows which had regularly gone over budget , Straczynski concluded that a lack of long-term planning was to blame , and set about looking at ways in which a series could be done responsibly .


A fan of sagas such as the " Foundation " series , " Childhood 's End " , " The Lord of the Rings " , " Dune " and the " Lensman " series , Straczynski wondered why no one had done a television series with the same epic sweep , and concurrently with the first idea started developing the concept for a vastly ambitious epic covering massive battles and other universe-changing events .


It was one of the first television shows to use computer technology in creating visual effects , rather than models and miniatures , primarily out of budgetary concerns ; Straczynski estimated that each of their episodes cost to make , compared to the cost of each episode of " Star Trek : The Next Generation " .


The effects sequences were designed to simulate Newtonian physics , with particular emphasis on the effects of inertia on the motion of spacecraft .


These buildings were built according to the principles of the architect Hendrick de Keyser .


emphasising personal desire and ambition , using it to shape identity , The representation of order and chaos was informed by the Babylonian myth that the universe was born in the conflict between both .


The climax of this conflict comes with the younger races ' exposing of the Vorlons ' and the Shadows ' " true faces " and the rejection of both philosophies , heralding the dawn of a new age without their interference .


Straczynski has stated that there was no intent to wholly represent any particular period of history or preceding work of fiction , but has acknowledged their influence on the series , insamuch as it uses similar well established storytelling structures , such as the Hero 's journey .


Emperor Cartagia believes himself to be a god , a deliberate reference to Caligula .


One of the most striking buildings designed by Hendrick de Keyser is the Westerkerk .


Straczynski indicated that Paramount Television was aware of his concept as early as 1989 , when he attempted to sell the show to the studio , and provided them with the series bible , pilot script , artwork , lengthy character background histories , and plot synopses for 22 " or so planned episodes taken from the overall course of the planned series " .


Straczynski has claimed that the multi-year story arc , now a feature of most mainstream televised drama , is the lasting legacy of the series .


Disc 1 of each set contained an introduction to the season by Straczynski , while disc 6 included featurettes containing interviews with various production staff , as well as information on the fictional universe , and a gag reel .


Three episodes in each season also contained commentary from either Straczynski , members of the main cast , and / or the episode director .


In the 17th century baroque architecture became very popular , as it was elsewhere in Europe .


Beta 2 of Haiku was released in June 2020 .


The API was written in C ++ for ease of programming .


He participated in a jam session and radio performance with Louis Armstrong .


During the war , Romani were systematically killed in concentration camps .


Throughout the 18th century , Amsterdam was heavily influenced by French culture .


He followed the Romani lifestyle and was relatively little recorded .


During his career he wrote nearly 100 songs , according to jazz guitarist Frank Vignola .


The festival was organized by George Wein .


The term was suggested in 1916 by Clements , originally as a synonym for biotic community of Möbius ( 1877 ) .


Since Amsterdam expanded rapidly during this period , new buildings adjacent to the city centre were also built in this style .


The eponymously-named Heinrich Walter classification scheme considers the seasonality of temperature and precipitation .


She also worked in film , appearing in the horror film " Exorcist II : The Heretic " ( 1977 ) , headlining the adventure-horror film " Return to Boggy Creek " ( 1977 ) , and starring in the comedy film " California Suite " ( 1978 ) .


She made her acting debut at the age of 11 , making a cameo appearance on the television show " The Six Million Dollar Man " .


Her co-star Conrad Bain had revealed that she was happy about her baby and that she would no longer be alone .


Amsterdam has many parks , open spaces , and squares throughout the city .


The kick was once in wide use in both Australian rules football and gridiron football , but is today rarely seen in either sport .


In both American and Canadian football , one method of scoring a field goal or extra point is by drop-kicking the football through the goal .


In Canadian football the drop kick can be taken from any point on the field , unlike placekicks which must be attempted behind the line of scrimmage .


The drop kick came under controversy in 2019 , after Justin Tucker of the Baltimore Ravens used the manoeuvre on a kickoff late in a game against the Kansas City Chiefs .


The Vondelpark , the largest park in the city , is located in the Oud-Zuid neighbourhood and is named after the 17th - century Amsterdam author Joost van den Vondel .


During one game in the 1980 s , Hamilton Tiger-Cats wide receiver Earl Winfield was unable to field a punt properly ; in frustration , he kicked the ball out of bounds .


In 490 BC , he sent a naval task force under Datis and Artaphernes across the Aegean , to subjugate the Cyclades , and then to make punitive attacks on Athens and Eretria .


Reaching Euboea in mid-summer after a successful campaign in the Aegean , the Persians proceeded to besiege and capture Eretria .


The Persian force then sailed for Attica , landing in the bay near the town of Marathon .


Annually , almost 4.5 " million people visit the park , which has a size of 1.000 hectares and is approximately three times the size of Central Park .


The inward wheeling flanks enveloped the Persians , routing them .


The Persian army broke in panic towards their ships , and large numbers were slaughtered .


The Ionian Revolt had begun with an unsuccessful expedition against Naxos , a joint venture between the Persian satrap Artaphernes and the Milesian tyrant Aristagoras .


Cleisthenes , however , found himself being politically defeated by a coalition led by Isagoras and decided to change the rules of the game by appealing to the " demos " ( the people ) , in effect making them a new faction in the political arena .


Other squares include Rembrandtplein , Muntplein , Nieuwmarkt , Leidseplein , Spui , and Waterlooplein .


The Persian naval victory at the Battle of Lade ( 494 BC ) all but ended the Ionian Revolt , and by 493 BC , the last hold-outs were vanquished by the Persian fleet .


Mardonius re-subjugated Thrace and made Macedonia a fully subordinate part of the Persians ; they had been vassals of the Persians since the late 6th century BC , but retained their general autonomy .


Mardonius had been injured in the prior campaign and had fallen out of favor .


After island-hopping across the Aegean , including successfully attacking Naxos , the Persian task force arrived off Euboea in mid summer .


Also , near to Amsterdam is the Nekkeveld estate conservation project .


They then headed south down the coast of Attica , en route to complete the final objective of the campaign - punish Athens .


Herodotus suggests that command rotated between the " strategoi " , each taking in turn a day to command the army .


He further suggests that each " strategos " , on his day in command , instead deferred to Miltiades .


Pausanias noticed on the monument to the battle the names of former slaves who were freed in exchange for military services .


Other non-Dutch companies have chosen to settle in communities surrounding Amsterdam since they allow freehold property ownership , whereas Amsterdam retains ground rent .


Plato and Lysias give 500,000 ; and Justinus 600,000 .


Some modern commentators have suggested this was a deliberate ploy to encourage a double envelopment of the Persian centre .


The epic second Persian invasion of Greece finally began in 480 BC , and the Persians met with initial success at the battles of Thermopylae and Artemisium .


Marathon was the first time a phalanx faced more lightly armed troops , and revealed how effective the hoplites could be in battle .


In 2019 the new lock in IJmuiden will open ; the port will then be able to grow to 125 " million tonnes in capacity .


Archaeological evidence , such as the Serpent Column , also supports some of Herodotus 's specific claims .


Pheidippides ' run to Sparta to bring aid has other legends associated with it .


Herodotus mentions that Pheidippides was visited by the god Pan on his way to Sparta ( or perhaps on his return journey ) .


This was in fulfillment of a vow made by the city before the battle , to offer in sacrifice a number of goats equal to that of the Persians slain in the conflict .


It is near Dam Square in the city centre .


The dog followed his master to battle and attacked the Persians at his master 's side .


He ran a distance of over 225 kilometers ( 140 miles ) , arriving in Sparta the day after he left .


This would echo the legendary version of events , with the competitors running from Marathon to Athens .


In the last few years of his life , John Maynard Keynes was much preoccupied with the question of balance in international trade .


One of Amsterdam 's busiest high streets is the narrow , medieval Kalverstraat in the heart of the city .


This was later , in the 20th century , echoed by economist Milton Friedman .


This position is a more refined version of the theorem first discovered by David Hume .


of the Earth ) , and largely self-regulating .


When these four component spheres are combined into one system , it is known as the Ecosphere .


Several fashion brands and designers are based in Amsterdam .


More recently , in 2015 , " remains of biotic life " were found in 4.1 " billion-year-old rocks in Western Australia .


In 2017 , putative fossilized microorganisms ( or microfossils ) were announced to have been discovered in hydrothermal vent precipitates in the Nuvvuagittuq Belt of Quebec , Canada that were as old as 4.28 " billion years , the oldest record of life on earth , suggesting " an almost instantaneous emergence of life " after ocean formation 4.4 billion years ago , and not long after the formation of the Earth 4.54 " billion years ago .


In fact , single-celled life forms have been found in the deepest part of the Mariana Trench , by the Challenger Deep , at depths of .


Temperature increases with increasing depth into the Earth 's crust .


The northeastern part of the square is bordered by the very large Rijksmuseum .


On the other hand , Earth analogs may be quite numerous , at least in the Milky Way galaxy , given the large number of planets .


It is also possible that artificial biospheres will be created in the future , for example with the terraforming of Mars .


Derry is close to the border with County Donegal , with which it has had a close link for many centuries .


On 23 July 2015 , the council voted in favour of a motion to change the official name of the city to Derry and to write to Mark H. Durkan , Northern Ireland Minister of the Environment , to ask how the change could be effected .


In front of the Rijksmuseum on the square itself is a long , rectangular pond .


The name " Derry " is very much in popular use throughout Ireland for the naming of places , and there are at least six towns bearing that name and at least a further 79 places .


The word " Derry " often forms part of the place name , for example Derrybeg , Derryboy , Derrylea and Derrymore .


The names Derry and Londonderry spread from Ireland to the other colonies of the British Empire , frequently named by Scotch-Irish settlers .


Derry is one of the oldest continuously inhabited places in Ireland .


The Museumplein is covered almost entirely with a lawn , except for the northeastern part of the square which is covered with gravel .


The charter initially defined the city as extending three Irish miles ( about 6.1 " km ) from the centre .


When they arrived on 7 December 1688 the gates were closed against them and the Siege of Derry began .


The city was rebuilt in the 18th century with many of its fine Georgian style houses still surviving .


The city 's first bridge across the River Foyle was built in 1790 .


The square itself is the most prominent site in Amsterdam for festivals and outdoor concerts , especially in the summer .


The large numbers of military personnel in Derry substantially altered the character of the city , bringing in some outside colour to the local area , as well as some cosmopolitan and economic buoyancy during these years .


Several airfields were built in the outlying regions of the city at this time , Maydown , Eglinton and Ballykelly .


In European Parliament elections , it was part of the Northern Ireland constituency .


The River Foyle forms a deep valley as it flows through the city , making Derry a place of very steep streets and sudden , startling views .


Plans were made in 2008 to remodel the square again , because many inhabitants of Amsterdam are not happy with its current appearance .


Today , modern Derry extends considerably north and west of the city walls and east of the river .


A notable exception to this lies on the north-eastern edge of the city , on the shores of Lough Foyle , where large expanses of sea and mudflats were reclaimed in the middle of the 19th century .


Derry has , like most of Ireland , a temperate maritime climate according to the Köppen climate classification system .


Typically , 27 nights of the year will report an air frost at Ballykelly , and at least 1 " mm of precipitation will be reported on 170 days ( 1981 – 2010 averages ) .


The artist most associated with Amsterdam is Rembrandt , whose work , and the work of his pupils , is displayed in the Rijksmuseum .


Seagate currently employs over 1,000 people , producing more than half of the company 's total requirement for hard drive read-write heads .


The city is the north west 's foremost shopping district , housing two large shopping centres along with numerous shop packed streets serving much of the greater county , as well as Tyrone and Donegal .


Until the store 's closure in March 2016 , the city was also home to the world 's oldest independent department store , Austins .


Derry is renowned for its architecture .


Rembrandt 's masterpiece " The Night Watch " is one of the top pieces of art of the museum .


Today , the fortifications form a continuous promenade around the city centre , complete with cannon , avenues of mature trees and views across Derry .


Attractions include museums , a vibrant shopping centre and trips to the Giant 's Causeway , which is approximately away , though poorly connected by public transport .


Lonely Planet called Derry the fourth best city in the world to see in 2013 .


The city 's road network also makes use of two bridges to cross the River Foyle , the Craigavon Bridge and the Foyle Bridge , the longest bridge in Ireland .


This ranges from Delftware to giant doll-houses from the 17th century .


In spite of it being the second city of Northern Ireland ( and it being the second-largest city in all of Ulster ) , road and rail links to other cities are below par for its standing .


There is no direct motorway link with Dublin or Belfast .


The rail link to Belfast has been downgraded over the years so that , presently , it is not a viable alternative to the roads for industry to rely on .


Most public transport in Northern Ireland is operated by the subsidiaries of Translink .


The full collection was reopened to the public on 13 April 2013 and the Rijksmuseum has remained the most visited museum in Amsterdam with 2.2 " million visitors in 2016 and 2.16 " million in 2017 .


There are hourly services to Strabane , Omagh , Coleraine , Letterkenny and Buncrana , and up to twelve services a day to bring people to Dublin .


There is a daily service to Sligo , Galway , Shannon Airport and Limerick .


The A2 from Maydown to Eglinton , serving airport , has recently been turned into a dual carriageway .


The link primarily provides passenger services from the city to Belfast , via several stops that include , , and , and connections to links with other parts of Northern Ireland .


The museum is housed in one of the few modern buildings in this area of Amsterdam .


The latter project brings a dual-carriageway link between Northern Ireland 's two largest cities one step closer .


The tidal River Foyle is navigable from the coast at Derry to approximately inland .


In 1796 , the Strabane Canal was opened , continuing the navigation a further southwards to Strabane .


The campus has never thrived and currently only has 3,500 students out of a total Ulster University student population of 27,000 .


The building was designed by Gerrit Rietveld .


The Foyle Cup youth soccer tournament is held annually in the city .


In recent years the city and surrounding countryside have become well known for their artistic legacy , producing Nobel Prize-winning poet Seamus Heaney , poet Seamus Deane , playwright Brian Friel , writer and music critic Nik Cohn , artist Willie Doherty , socio-political commentator and activist Eamonn McCann and bands such as The Undertones .


There was a locally based television station , C9TV , one of only two local or ' restricted ' television services in Northern Ireland , which ceased broadcasts in 2007 .


The British vacillated and disagreed and were beleaguered in their inadequate cantonments .


This is Amsterdam 's most important museum of modern art .


During the withdrawal they were attacked by Ghilzai tribesmen and in running battles through the snowbound passes nearly the entire column of 4,500 troops and 12,000 camp followers were killed .


Of the British only one , Dr. William Brydon , reached Jalalabad , while a few others were captured .


He brought foreign physicians , engineers ( especially for mining ) , geologists , and printers to Afghanistan .


Amsterdam contains many other museums throughout the city .


The boundary with Iran was firmly delineated in 1904 , replacing the ambiguous line made by a British commission in 1872 .


Agreement could not be reached , however , on sharing the waters of the Helmand River .


During the 1920 s , Afghanistan established diplomatic relations with most major countries .


On 20 February 1919 , Habibullah Khan was assassinated on a hunting trip .


The modern-styled Nemo is dedicated to child-friendly science exhibitions .


Mahmud Tarzi , a highly educated , well-traveled poet , journalist , and diplomat , was a key figure that brought Western dress and etiquette to Afghanistan .


In fact , in 1928 the King and Queen of Afghanistan received honorary degrees from the University of Oxford .


An uprising in Jalalabad culminated in a march to the capital , and much of the army deserted rather than resist .


When he attempted to return to Afghanistan , he had little support from the people .


Amsterdam 's musical culture includes a large collection of songs that treat the city nostalgically and lovingly .


Kraepelin reduced the complex psychiatric taxonomies of the nineteenth century by dividing them into two classes : manic-depressive psychosis and dementia praecox .


This division , commonly referred to as the Kraepelinian dichotomy , had a fundamental impact on twentieth-century psychiatry , though it has also been questioned .


Kraepelin contrasted this with manic-depressive psychosis , now termed bipolar disorder , and also with other forms of mood disorder , including major depressive disorder .


Kraepelin viewed dementia praecox as a progressively deteriorating disease from which no one recovered .


Another notable Amsterdam song is " Amsterdam " by Jacques Brel ( 1964 ) .


" Dementia " is an ancient term which has been in use since at least the time of Lucretius in 50 B.C.E. where it meant " being out of one 's mind " .


He was accompanied by his younger assistant , Ewald Hecker ( 1843 – 1909 ) , and during a ten-year collaboration they conducted a series of research studies on young psychotic patients that would become a major influence on the development of modern psychiatry .


The class , dementia praecox , comprised the paranoid , catatonic and hebephrenic psychotic disorders , and these forms were found in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders until the fifth edition was released , in May 2013 .


The ICD-10 still uses " hebephrenic " to designate the third type .


Amsterdam has a world-class symphony orchestra , the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra .


In the eighth edition of Kraepelin 's textbook , published in four volumes between 1909 and 1915 , he described eleven forms of dementia , and dementia praecox was classed as one of the " endogenous dementias " .


Based on his theory that dementia praecox is the product of autointoxication emanating from the sex glands , Kraepelin experimented , without success , with injections of thyroid , gonad and other glandular extracts .


There was also no mention of the dire prognosis Kraepelin had made .


For research purposes , the definition of schizophrenia returned to the narrow range allowed by Kraepelin 's dementia praecox concept .


Some nine hundred concerts and other events per year take place in the Concertgebouw , for a public of over 700,000 , making it one of the most-visited concert halls in the world .


The opening words of the declaration represented the first public expression of support for Zionism by a major political power .


The term " national home " had no precedent in international law , and was intentionally vague as to whether a Jewish state was contemplated .


At the meeting David Lloyd George , then Chancellor of the Exchequer , " referred to the ultimate destiny of Palestine " .


The pledge excluded " portions of Syria " lying to the west of " the districts of Damascus , Homs , Hama and Aleppo " .


The opera house of Amsterdam is situated adjacent to the city hall .


The Arab Revolt was launched on June5th , 1916 , on the basis of the " quid pro quo " agreement in the correspondence .


Such a claim in my opinion is clearly inadmissible and personally I do not think we should go further than the original declaration which I made to Lord Rothschild " .


In addition to its publication in major newspapers , leaflets were circulated throughout Jewish communities .


These leaflets were airdropped over Jewish communities in Germany and Austria , as well as the Pale of Settlement , which had been given to the Central Powers following the Russian withdrawal .


This huge modern complex , opened in 1986 , lies in the former Jewish neighbourhood at " Waterlooplein " next to the river Amstel .


Its inspiration was primarily the unification of Italy in 1859 – 70 but also that of Germany in 1871 .


They made a plan to kill the royal couple - King Alexander I Obrenović and Queen Draga .


Ljuba Čupa , Bogdan Radenković and Vojislav Tankosić wrote the constitution of the organization .


The magazine was founded by Ljuba Čupa in August 1911 .


Muziekgebouw aan ' t IJ is a concert hall , which is situated in the IJ near the central station .


The assassins idled around in Sarajevo for a month .


" Dolphin " is a common name of aquatic mammals within the infraorder Cetacea .


Dolphins range in size from the long and Maui 's dolphin to the and killer whale .


The dolphin " Moko " in New Zealand has been observed guiding a female pygmy sperm whale together with her calf out of shallow water where they had stranded several times .


Amsterdam has three main theatre buildings .


The Cornwall Wildlife Trust records about one such death a year .


The Indus river dolphin has a sleep method that is different from that of other dolphin species .


The Cetacean morbillivirus in particular has been known to cause regional epizootics often leaving hundreds of animals of various species dead .


Some dolphin species are at risk of extinction , especially some river dolphin species such as the Amazon river dolphin , and the Ganges and Yangtze river dolphin , which are critically or seriously endangered .


The Stadsschouwburg at the Leidseplein is the home base of Toneelgroep Amsterdam .


In Greek myths , dolphins were seen invariably as helpers of humankind .


Dolphins also seem to have been important to the Minoans , judging by artistic evidence from the ruined palace at Knossos .


During the 2009 excavations of a major Mycenaean city at Iklaina , a striking fragment of a wall-paintings came to light , depicting a ship with three human figures and dolphins .


A dolphin rescued the poet Arion from drowning and carried him safe to land , at Cape Matapan , a promontory forming the southernmost point of the Peloponnesus .


The Stadsschouwburg is currently being renovated and expanded .


Dolphins are present in the coat of arms of Anguilla and the coat of arms of Romania , and the coat of arms of Barbados has a dolphin supporter .


The dolphin is said to be among the creatures which heralded the goddess ' descent from the heavens and her mount , the Makara , is sometimes depicted as a dolphin .


The Boto , a species of river dolphin that resides in the Amazon River , are believed to be shapeshifters , or " encantados " , who are capable of having children with human women .


These small cetaceans are more often than not kept in theme parks , such as SeaWorld , commonly known as a dolphinarium .


The third theatre space , to be operated jointly with next door Melkweg , will open in late 2009 or early 2010 .


Tilikum has played a role in the death of three people in three different incidents ( 1991 , 1999 and 2010 ) .


Tilikum 's behaviour sparked the production of the documentary " Blackfish " , which focuses on the consequences of keeping orcas in captivity .


Fatal attacks from other species are less common , but there is a registered occurrence off the coast of Brazil in 1994 , when a man died after being attacked by a bottlenose dolphin named Tião .


Tião had suffered harassment by human visitors , including attempts to stick ice cream sticks down her blowhole .


Contemporary popular artists are Youp van ' t Hek , Freek de Jonge , Herman Finkers , Hans Teeuwen , Theo Maassen , Herman van Veen , Najib Amhali , Raoul Heertje , Jörgen Raymann , Brigitte Kaandorp and Comedytrain .


However , by Wedderburn 's little theorem all finite division rings are commutative and therefore finite fields .


In general , if " R " is a ring and " S " is a simple module over " R " , then , by Schur 's lemma , the endomorphism ring of " S " is a division ring ; every division ring arises in this fashion from some simple module .


The ring of Hamiltonian quaternions forms a 4-dimensional algebra over its center , which is isomorphic to the real numbers .


A more complete comparison is found in the article Field ( mathematics ) .


The English spoken comedy scene was established with the founding of Boom Chicago in 1993 .


Directors of Fortune 500 companies received median pay of $ 234,000 in 2011 .


A recent National Association of Corporate Directors study found directors averaging just 4.3 hours a week on board work .


Although ion engines had been developed at NASA since the late 1950 s , with the exception of the SERT missions in the 1960 s , the technology had not been demonstrated in flight on United States spacecraft , though hundreds of Hall-effect engines had been used on Soviet and Russian spacecraft .


Part proceeded east and occupied Western Thrace .


They have their own theatre at Leidseplein .


to run the company 's own operating system , BeOS .


Production was halted in January 1997 , following the port of BeOS to the Macintosh , in order for the company to concentrate on software .


Over 65 programs are currently accredited by ABET .


At this time he developed his Empire style , notable for its use of warm Venetian colours .


Amsterdam is famous for its vibrant and diverse nightlife .


He overcame the opposition , and went to learn from François Boucher ( 1703 – 1770 ) , the leading painter of the time , who was also a distant relative .


Denis Diderot said it looked like he copied it from some ancient bas-relief .


Before the opening of the Salon , the French Revolution had begun .


When the newspapers reported that the government had not allowed the showing of " The Lictors Bring to Brutus the Bodies of His Sons " , the people were outraged , and the royals were forced to give in .


Brutus was the heroic defender of the republic , sacrificing his own family for the good of the republic .


Brutus sits on the left , alone , brooding , seemingly dismissing the dead bodies of his sons .


Robespierre 's agents discovered a secret vault containing the King 's correspondence which proved he was trying to overthrow the government , and demanded his execution .


After this , he supposedly fell ill , and did not attend the evening session because of " stomach pain " , which saved him from being guillotined along with Robespierre .


A common sight on the Leidseplein during summer is a square full of terraces packed with people drinking beer or wine .


This work also brought him to the attention of Napoleon .


This was likely a decision by Napoleon himself after considering the current political situation .


He also called on the more advanced students , such as Jérôme-Martin Langlois , to help him paint his large canvases .


The term has acquired a stigmatized and pejorative meaning related to the process of Balkanization , and hence the preferred alternative term used for the region is Southeast Europe .


Many restaurants can be found in Amsterdam as well .


The first attested time the name " Balkan " was used in the West for the mountain range in Bulgaria was in a letter sent in 1490 to Pope Innocent VIII by Buonaccorsi Callimaco , an Italian humanist , writer and diplomat .


The term was not commonly used in geographical literature until the mid-19 th century because already then scientists like Carl Ritter warned that only the part South of the Balkan Mountains can be considered as a peninsula and considered it to be renamed as " Greek peninsula " .


Another reason it was not commonly accepted as the definition of then European Turkey had a similar land extent .


especially since the military conflicts of the 1990 s in Yugoslavia in the western half of the region , the term " Southeast Europe " is becoming increasingly popular .


Since Amsterdam is a multicultural city , a lot of different ethnic restaurants can be found .


The term is criticized for having a geopolitical , rather than a geographical meaning and definition , as a multiethnic and political area in the southeastern part of Europe .


On the Adriatic and Aegean coasts the climate is Mediterranean , on the Black Sea coast the climate is humid subtropical and oceanic , and inland it is humid continental .


Resources of energy are scarce , except in Kosovo , where considerable coal , lead , zinc , chromium and silver deposits are located .


Lignite deposits are widespread in Greece .


Amsterdam also possesses many discothèques .


Bulgaria was provoked by the backstage deals between its former allies , Serbia and Greece , on the allocation of the spoils at the end of the First Balkan War .


Bulgaria marks the beginning of Second Balkan War when it attacked them .


The Ottoman Empire used the opportunity to recapture Eastern Thrace , establishing its new western borders that still stand today as part of modern Turkey .


The Ottoman Empire soon joined the Central Powers becoming one of the three empires participating in that alliance .


The two main nightlife areas for tourists are the Leidseplein and the Rembrandtplein .


Greece became the first battleground of the emerging Cold War .


With this backing , Greece managed to defeat the partisans and , ultimately , remained the only non-communist country in the region .


Yugoslavia , led by Marshal Josip Broz Tito ( 1892 – 1980 ) , first propped up then rejected the idea of merging with Bulgaria and instead sought closer relations with the West , later even spearheaded , together with India and Egypt the Non-Aligned Movement .


Serbia , in turn , declared the dissolution of the union as unconstitutional and the Yugoslavian army unsuccessfully tried to maintain the status quo .


In 2008 , there were 140 festivals and events in Amsterdam .


Greece , having a large region ( see Macedonia ) also under the same name opposed to the usage of this name as an indication of a nationality .


Currently , all of the states are republics , but until World War II all countries were monarchies .


All the states have open market economies , most of which are in the upper-middle-income range ( $ 4,000 – 12,000 p.c. ) , except Croatia , Romania , Greece and Slovenia that have high income economies ( over $ 12,000 p.c. ) , and are classified with very high HDI , along with Bulgaria , in contrast to the remaining states , which are classified with high HDI .


The model 's key success lay in explaining the Rydberg formula for the spectral emission lines of atomic hydrogen .


On Koningsdag - that is held each year on 27 April - hundreds of thousands of people travel to Amsterdam to celebrate with the city 's residents .


The quantum theory of the period between Planck 's discovery of the quantum ( 1900 ) and the advent of a mature quantum mechanics ( 1925 ) is often referred to as the old quantum theory .


In the early 20th century , experiments by Ernest Rutherford established that atoms consisted of a diffuse cloud of negatively charged electrons surrounding a small , dense , positively charged nucleus .


The new theory was proposed by Werner Heisenberg .


This not only involves one-electron systems such as the hydrogen atom , singly ionized helium , and doubly ionized lithium , but it includes positronium and Rydberg states of any atom where one electron is far away from everything else .


The yearly Holland Festival attracts international artists and visitors from all over Europe .


The hydrogen formula also coincides with the Wallis product .


This is known as the Rydberg formula , and the Rydberg constant is , or in natural units .


But Moseley 's law experimentally probes the innermost pair of electrons , and shows that they do see a nuclear charge of approximately " Z " " − " 1 , while the outermost electron in an atom or ion with only one electron in the outermost shell orbits a core with effective charge " Z " " − " " k " where " k " is the total number of electrons in the inner shells .


In 1913 Henry Moseley found an empirical relationship between the strongest X-ray line emitted by atoms under electron bombardment ( then known as the K-alpha line ) , and their atomic number .


Amsterdam Gay Pride is a yearly local LGBT parade of boats in Amsterdam 's canals , held on the first Saturday in August .


Notwithstanding its restricted validity , Moseley 's law not only established the objective meaning of atomic number ( see Henry Moseley for detail ) but , as Bohr noted , it also did more than the Rydberg derivation to establish the validity of the Rutherford / Van den Broek / Bohr nuclear model of the atom , with atomic number ( place on the periodic table ) standing for whole units of nuclear charge .


( However , many such coincidental agreements are found between the semiclassical vs. full quantum mechanical treatment of the atom ; these include identical energy levels in the hydrogen atom and the derivation of a fine structure constant , which arises from the relativistic Bohr–Sommerfeld model ( see below ) and which happens to be equal to an entirely different concept , in full modern quantum mechanics ) .


In the end , the model was replaced by the modern quantum mechanical treatment of the hydrogen atom , which was first given by Wolfgang Pauli in 1925 , using Heisenberg 's matrix mechanics .


The current picture of the hydrogen atom is based on the atomic orbitals of wave mechanics which Erwin Schrödinger developed in 1926 .


Boxer Raymond Joval and field hockey midfielder Carole Thate were the first to receive the awards , in 1999 .


In particular , the symplectic form should be the curvature form of a connection of a Hermitian line bundle , which is called a prequantization .


The campaign featured designers such as Marcel Wanders , Yves Behar , Karim Rashid , Ulla Darni , and Dror Benshetrit and performance artist Jurgen Hahn .


Recently , it was awarded a score of 92 ( on a 100-point scale ) from the Beverage Testing Institute .


A drum kit consists of a mix of drums ( categorized classically as membranophones , Hornbostel-Sachs high-level classification 2 ) and idiophones - most significantly cymbals , but can also include the woodblock and cowbell ( classified as Hornbostel-Sachs high-level classification 1 ) .


Since 1981 , the municipality of Amsterdam has gradually been divided into semi-autonomous boroughs , called " stadsdelen " or ' districts ' .


Drummers such as Baby Dodds , Zutty Singleton and Ray Bauduc had taken the idea of marching rhythms , combining the bass drum and snare drum and " traps " , a term used to refer to the percussion instruments associated with immigrant groups , which included miniature cymbals , tom toms , cowbells and woodblocks .


In 1918 Baby Dodds , playing on riverboats with Louis Armstrong on the Mississippi , was modifying the military marching set-up and experimenting with playing the drum rims instead of woodblocks , hitting cymbals with sticks ( 1919 ) , which was not yet common , and adding a side cymbal above the bass drum , what became known as the ride cymbal .


For example , Jim Chapin , an early and influential exponent of the Moeller method , asserts that the technique does not rely on rebound , while Dave Weckl asserts that it does rely on rebound .


The sizes closely follow those given in Common configurations below .


Next to the Mayor , the municipal executive board consists of eight " wethouders " ( ' alderpersons ' ) appointed by the municipal council : four D66 alderpersons , two VVD alderpersons and two SP alderpersons .


In the 1960 s Ringo Starr used a sizzle cymbal as a second ride , particularly during guitar solos .


A four-piece kit extends the three-piece by adding one tom , either a second hanging tom mounted on the bass drum ( a notable user is Chris Frantz of Talking Heads ) and often displacing the cymbal , or by adding a floor tom .


The bass drum is most commonly 22 " in diameter , but rock kits may use 24 " , fusion 20 " , jazz 18 " , The use of muffled drums has been written about by such poets as Henry Wadsworth Longfellow , John Mayne , and Theodore O'Hara .


Many other role-playing settings pay homage to the series by including fantasy elements he invented such as the darkness-dwelling Grues .


On 18 September 2017 , it was announced by Eberhard van der Laan in an open letter to Amsterdam citizens that Kajsa Ollongren would take up his office as acting Mayor of Amsterdam with immediate effect due to ill health .


His parents were both of primarily English ancestry but they had distant Irish ancestry as well .


Nearly all of the daily ( except Sunday ) shows originated from the stage of Cain 's Ballroom .


The addition of steel guitar whiz Leon McAuliffe in March 1935 added not only a formidable instrumentalist , but also a second engaging vocalist .


Even a 1958 return to KVOO , where his younger brother Johnnie Lee Wills had maintained the family 's presence , did not produce the success he hoped .


In 2010 , the number of Amsterdam boroughs reached fifteen .


From 1974 until his 2002 death , Waylon Jennings performed a song he had written called " Bob Wills Is Still the King " .


This performance was included on their subsequent DVD " The Biggest Bang " .


This led to the languages losing their BASIC moniker in later years .


Various user-contributed modules extend the use of the language by wrapping such libraries as wxWidgets , Cairo , and Fontconfig as well as a selection of database modules .


The fifteenth , Westpoort , covers the harbour of Amsterdam and had very few residents .


Many of the concepts in dynamical systems can be extended to infinite-dimensional manifolds&mdash ; those that are locally Banach spaces&mdash ; in which case the differential equations are partial differential equations .


These points are a Poincaré section " S " ( " γ " , " " x " ) , of the orbit .


The flow now defines a map , the Poincaré map " F " " : " " S " " → " " S " , for points starting in " S " and returning to " " S " .


In the hyperbolic case , the Hartman–Grobman theorem gives the conditions for the existence of a continuous function that maps the neighborhood of the fixed point of the map to the linear map " J " " · " " x " .


The municipal council of Amsterdam voted to maintain the borough system by replacing the district councils with smaller , but still directly elected district committees ( " bestuurscommissies " ) .


In another example , Feigenbaum period-doubling describes how a stable periodic orbit goes through a series of period-doubling bifurcations .


In the Hamiltonian formalism , given a coordinate it is possible to derive the appropriate ( generalized ) momentum such that the associated volume is preserved by the flow .


The volume is said to be computed by the Liouville measure .


The Poincaré recurrence theorem was used by Zermelo to object to Boltzmann 's derivation of the increase in entropy in a dynamical system of colliding atoms .


" Amsterdam " is usually understood to refer to the municipality of Amsterdam .


The Liouville measure restricted to the energy surface Ω is the basis for the averages computed in equilibrium statistical mechanics .


SRB measures replace the Boltzmann factor and they are defined on attractors of chaotic systems .


In some countries with common law legal systems , such as New Zealand and some regions of Australia , lawyers are entitled to practise both as barristers and solicitors , but it remains a separate system of qualification to practise exclusively as a barrister .


Barristers once enjoyed a monopoly on appearances before the higher courts , but in Great Britain this has now been abolished , and solicitor advocates can generally appear for clients at trial .


Colloquially , some areas within the municipality , such as the town of Durgerdam , may not be considered part of Amsterdam .


Inns of Court , where they exist , regulate admission to the profession .


Inns of Court are independent societies that are titularly responsible for the training , admission ( calling ) , and discipline of barristers .


In fact , historically , call to and success at the Bar , to a large degree , depended upon social connections made early in life .


A Bar collectively describes all members of the profession of barrister within a given jurisdiction .


Of these various metropolitan area configurations , only the " Stadsregio Amsterdam " ( City Region of Amsterdam ) has a formal governmental status .


In Tasmania and the Northern Territory , the profession is fused , although a very small number of practitioners operate as an independent bar .


In Western Australia , wigs are no longer worn in any court .


They make up about 14 per cent of the bar in New South Wales .


However , " litigators " would generally perform all litigation functions traditionally performed by barristers and solicitors ; in contrast , those terming themselves " solicitors " would generally limit themselves to legal work not involving practice before the courts ( not even in a preparatory manner as performed by solicitors in England ) , though some might practise before chambers judges .


Since the 1983 constitutional revision , the constitution mentions " Amsterdam " and " capital " in chapter 2 , article 32 : The king 's confirmation by oath and his coronation take place in " the capital Amsterdam " ( " " de hoofdstad Amsterdam " " ) .


The profession of solicitor , or " avoué " , never took hold in colonial Quebec , so attorneys ( " avocats " ) have traditionally been a fused profession , arguing and preparing cases in contentious matters , whereas Quebec 's other type of lawyer , civil-law notaries ( " notaires " ) , handle out-of-court non-contentious matters .


Most large law firms in Quebec offer the full range of legal services of law firms in common-law provinces .


Intending Quebec attorneys must earn a bachelor 's degree in civil law , pass the provincial bar examination , and successfully complete a legal internship to be admitted to practice .


However , these restrictions do not apply to criminal cases , nor to pleadings at courts of the other court systems , including labour , administrative , taxation , and social courts and the European Union court system .


Previous versions of the constitution only mentioned " the city of Amsterdam " ( " " de stad Amsterdam " " ) .


Under the act , the Bar Council of India is the supreme regulatory body to regulate the legal profession in India and also to ensure the compliance of the laws and maintenance of professional standards by the legal profession in the country .


For this purpose , the Bar Council of India is authorized to pass regulations and make orders in individual cases and also generally .


The process for being entitled to practise in India is twofold .


In this manner the Bar Council of India also ensures the standard of education required for practising in India is met with .


Foreign embassies are also located in The Hague .


The Netherlands used to have a semi-separated legal profession comprising the lawyer and the " procureur " , the latter resembling , to some extent , the profession of barrister .


This step , referred to as " being called to the inner bar " or " taking silk " , is considered highly prestigious and has been a step in the career of many New Zealand judges .


Barristers sole ( i.e. barristers who are not employed by another barrister ) who are not Queen 's Counsel are never referred to as junior barristers .


In Nigeria , there is no formal distinction between barristers and solicitors .


The coat of arms of Amsterdam is composed of several historical elements .


In Poland , there are two main types of legal professions : advocate and legal counsel .


Although with somewhat different laws , England and Wales are considered within the United Kingdom a single united and unified legal jurisdiction for the purposes of both civil and criminal law , alongside Scotland and Northern Ireland , the other two legal jurisdictions within the United Kingdom .


England and Wales are covered by a common bar ( an organisation of barristers ) and a single law society ( an organisation of solicitors ) .


The profession of barrister in England and Wales is a separate profession from that of solicitor .


This part of the coat of arms is the basis of the flag of Amsterdam , flown by the city government , but also as civil ensign for ships registered in Amsterdam .


A barrister must be a member of one of the Inns of Court , which traditionally educated and regulated barristers .


Certain barristers in England and Wales are now instructed directly by members of the public .


Barristers undertaking public access work can provide legal advice and representation in court in almost all areas of law ( see the Public Access Information on the Bar Council website ) and are entitled to represent clients in any court or tribunal in England and Wales .


The ability of barristers to accept such instructions is a recent development ; it results from a change in the rules set down by the General Council of the Bar in July 2004 .


There are also privately operated water taxis , a water bus , a boat sharing operation , electric rental boats and canal cruises , that transport people along Amsterdam 's waterways .


Even though the term " barrister-at-law " is sometimes seen , and was once very common , it has never been formally correct in England and Wales .


In April 2003 there were 554 barristers in independent practice in Northern Ireland .


In Scotland , an advocate is , in all respects except name , a barrister , but there are significant differences in professional practice .


" ( " , , collectively " / " " the people of the " dhimma " " ) is a historical The word literally means " protected person " , referring to the state 's obligation under sharia to protect the individual 's life , property , and freedom of religion , in exchange for loyalty to the state and payment of the jizya tax , which complemented the zakat , or obligatory alms , paid by the Muslim subjects .


Amsterdam is one of the most bicycle-friendly large cities in the world and is a centre of bicycle culture with good facilities for cyclists such as bike paths and bike racks , and several guarded bike storage garages ( " fietsenstalling " ) which can be used .


This status later also came to be applied to Zoroastrians , Sikhs , Hindus , Jains and Buddhists .


As monotheists , Jews and Christians have traditionally been considered " People of the Book , " and afforded a special status known as " dhimmi " derived from a theoretical contract - " dhimma " or " residence in return for taxes " .


There are parallels for this in Roman and Jewish law .


Classical sharia incorporated the religious laws and courts of Christians , Jews and Hindus , as seen in the early caliphate , Al-Andalus , Indian subcontinent , and the Ottoman Millet system .


Previously , wildly different figures were arrived at using a Wisdom of the crowd approach .


The wide variety in forms of government , systems of law , attitudes toward modernity and interpretations of sharia are a result of the ensuing drives for independence and modernity in the Muslim world .


Muslim states , sects , schools of thought and individuals differ as to exactly what sharia law entails .


In addition , Muslim states today utilize a spectrum of legal systems .


It again proclaimed the principle of equality between Muslims and non-Muslims , and produced many specific reforms to this end .


Theft is widespreadin 2011 , about 83,000 bicycles were stolen in Amsterdam .


They were allowed to " practise their religion , subject to certain conditions , and to enjoy a measure of communal autonomy " and guaranteed their personal safety and security of property , in return for paying tribute and acknowledging Muslim rule .


" Muslims guaranteed freedom of worship and livelihood , provided that they remained loyal to the Muslim state and paid a poll tax " .


In some cases , religious practices that Muslims found repugnant were allowed .


This ruling was based on the precedent that Muhammad did not forbid such self-marriages among Zoroastrians despite coming in contact with them and having knowledge of their practices .


Bicycles are used by all socio-economic groups because of their convenience , Amsterdam 's small size , the of bike paths , the flat terrain , and the inconvenience of driving an automobile .


In addition to other legal limitations , Christians were not considered equals to Muslims and several prohibitions were placed on them .


Their testimony against Muslims by Christians and Jews was inadmissible in courts of law wherein a Muslim could be punished ; this meant that their testimony could only be considered in commercial cases .


Their houses could not overlook those of Muslims ; and their religious practices were severely circumscribed ( e.g. , the ringing of church bells was strictly forbidden ) .


Under Muslim rule , vandalism , and outright destruction of temples became a widespread phenomenon .


Amsterdam 's International Institute of Social History is one of the world 's largest documentary and research institutions concerning social history , and especially the history of the labour movement .


Sometimes , Muslim rulers issued regulations requiring dhimmis to attach distinctive signs to their houses .


Payment of the " jizya " obligated Muslim authorities to protect dhimmis in civil and military matters .


Sura 9 ( At-Tawba ) , verse 29 stipulates that " jizya " be exacted from non-Muslims as a condition required for jihad to cease .


Islamic jurists required adult , free , healthy males among the dhimma community to pay the jizya , while exempting women , children , the elderly , slaves , those affected by mental or physical handicaps , and travelers who did not settle in Muslim lands .


There are over 200 primary schools in Amsterdam .


Cases were taken out against Muslims , against other dhimmis and even against members of the dhimmi 's own family .


Dhimmis often took cases relating to marriage , divorce or inheritance to the Muslim courts so these cases would be decided under sharia law .


Oaths sworn by dhimmis in the Muslim courts were sometimes the same as the oaths taken by Muslims , sometimes tailored to the dhimmis ' beliefs .


Khaybar was the first territory attacked and conquered by Muslims .


Some of these primary schools base their teachings on particular pedagogic theories like the various Montessori schools .


At least some of the clauses of the pact mirror the measures first introduced by the Umayyad caliph Umar II or by the early Abbasid caliphs .


Muslims and Jews were sometimes partners in trade , with the Muslim taking days off on Fridays and Jews taking off on Saturdays .


The dhimma and the jizya poll tax are no longer imposed in Muslim majority countries .


See the section on casualties for a discussion of alternative Confederate casualty estimates , which have been cited as high as " 28,000 " .


Jewish schools can be found in the southern suburbs of Amsterdam .


Prodded by President Abraham Lincoln , Maj .


Low ridges to the northwest of town were defended initially by a Union cavalry division under Brig .


The Union line was laid out in a defensive formation resembling a fishhook .


All across the battlefield , despite significant losses , the Union defenders held their lines .


Most secondary schools in Amsterdam offer a variety of different levels of education in the same school .


The Union Army of the Potomac , under Maj .


Various towns , most notably York , Pennsylvania , were required to pay indemnities in lieu of supplies , under threat of destruction .


During the advance on Gettysburg , Maj .


These were appropriate terrain for a delaying action by his small cavalry division against superior Confederate infantry forces , meant to buy time awaiting the arrival of Union infantrymen who could occupy the strong defensive positions south of town at Cemetery Hill , Cemetery Ridge , and Culp 's Hill .


Amsterdam is a prominent centre for national and international media .


According to lore , the Union soldier to fire the first shot of the battle was Lt. Marcellus Jones .


The dismounted troopers resisted stoutly , delaying the Confederate advance by firing their breechloading carbine from behind fences and trees .


Gen. John F. Reynolds ) finally arrived .


The town of Hilversum , south-east of Amsterdam , has been crowned with this unofficial title .


By early afternoon , the Union line ran in a semicircle west , north , and northeast of Gettysburg .


The Confederate brigades of Col. Edward A. O'Neal and Brig .


From the late 1960 s onwards many buildings in Amsterdam have been squatted both for housing and for using as social centres .


Gen. George Pickett , had begun the 22 mile ( 35 " km ) march from Chambersburg , while Brig .


The Union line ran from Culp 's Hill southeast of the town , northwest to Cemetery Hill just south of town , then south for nearly along Cemetery Ridge , terminating just north of Little Round Top .


John Bell Hood 's and Lafayette McLaws 's divisions , followed by Maj .


Gen. Lafayette McLaws , advanced , they unexpectedly found Maj .


A number of these squats have legalised and become well known , such as OCCII , OT301 , Paradiso and Vrankrijk .


However , they opened fire on the Confederate infantry during their approach with devastating results .


Union and Confederate soldiers locked in hand-to-hand combat , attacking with their rifles , bayonets , rocks and even their bare hands .


Meanwhile , after hearing news of the day 's victory , Brig .


For example , the file to which the link points in a typical Unix-like system probably has a defined size that seldom changes .


In addition to being the deadliest battle of the war , Gettysburg also had the highest number of generals killed in action .


However , the Army of the Potomac was exhausted by days of fighting and heavy losses .


In Unix-like systems , user space programs do not operate directly , at a low level , on a file .


The military historian John Keegan agrees .


Gettysburg was a landmark battle , the largest of the war and it would not be surpassed .


Only the Maryland Campaign , with its tactically inconclusive Battle of Antietam , had been less than successful .


Film records survive of two Gettysburg reunions , held on the battlefield .


In Unix-like operating systems , many files have no associated physical storage device .


The wooden monocoque construction not only saved weight and compensated for the low power of the de Havilland Gipsy Twelve engines used by this aircraft , but also simplified production and reduced construction time .


Aviation firms entered heavy designs with new high-powered engines and multiple defensive turrets , leading to the production of the Avro Manchester and Handley Page Halifax .


91 , with the Bristol Hercules ( radial engine ) and Napier Sabre ( H-engine ) as alternatives .


On 5 December 1940 , the prototype , with the military serial number " W4050 " , experienced tail buffeting at speeds between .


The form was invented by and is named after Edmund Clerihew Bentley .


In late October 1941 , it returned to the factory to be fitted with Merlin 61 s , the first production Merlins fitted with a two-speed , two-stage supercharger .


Whilst submitting these arguments , Geoffrey de Havilland funded his private venture until a very late stage .


At a later stage , this was replaced by " Aerolite " , a synthetic urea-formaldehyde type , which was more durable .


In November 1944 , several crashes occurred in the Far East .


His mother kept a kosher home for her husband 's sake , but was lax about attending synagogue and observing the Jewish holidays .


It was featured in " The Times " on 28 September and the next day the newspaper published two captioned photographs illustrating the bomb strikes and damage .


Even the losses incurred in the squadrons ' dangerous Blenheim era were exceeded in percentage terms .


The low-level daylight attacks finished on 27 May 1943 with strikes on the Schott glass and Zeiss instrument works , both in Jena .


for mark numbers , but older aircraft retained their Roman numerals .


Through his best work , one sees a staged history of leftist , gender , and gay politics in the decades after World War II .


It only saw service in Canada , 25 were built .


Six were handed over to the United States Army Air Forces .


For this first conversion , the engines were a pair of Merlin 61 s .


The most important of his early screenplays is his adaptation of " Rope " for Alfred Hitchcock .


The " NF Mk 30 " was the final wartime variant and was a high-altitude version , powered by two Rolls-Royce Merlin 76 s .


Powered by two Rolls-Royce Merlin 113 / 114 piston engines ; 266 built .


303 ( 7.7 " mm ) Browning machine guns were retained in the nose and were used to " sight " the main weapon onto the target .


These production lines added totals of 1,133 aircraft of varying types from Canada plus 212 aircraft from Australia .


His next project was the stage musical " Anyone Can Whistle " , which he directed and for which he wrote the book , but it proved to be an infamous flop .


VIs and several T. IIIs , and Yugoslavia had 60 NF .


Anheuser-Busch has sponsored the CART championship .


In the early 20th century , the company commissioned a play-on-words song called " Under the Anheuser Bush , " which was recorded by several early phonograph companies .


While preparing " West Side Story " , he noted , " The musical theatre and cultural conventions of 1957 made it next to impossible for the characters to have authenticity .


This new packaging led to an increase in sales which lasted until the start of World War II in 1939 .


The maturation tanks that Anheuser-Busch uses are horizontal and , as such , flocculation of the yeast occurs much more quickly .


Anheuser-Busch refers to this process as a secondary fermentation , with the idea being that the chips give the yeast more surface area to rest on .


Placing the beechwood chips at the bottom of the tank keeps the yeast in suspension longer , giving it more time to reabsorb and process green beer flavors , such as acetaldehyde and diacetyl , that Anheuser-Busch believes are off-flavors which detract from overall drinkability .


He was short by one , the one he failed to get for " The Snake Pit " .


One explanation pins the blame on leftover technology from the mythical lost continent of Atlantis .


Followers of the purported psychic Edgar Cayce take his prediction that evidence of Atlantis would be found in 1968 , as referring to the discovery of the Bimini Road .


Believers describe the formation as a road , wall , or other structure , but the Bimini Road is of natural origin .


He explained himself to the House Un-American Activities Committee , and his appearance had no obvious impact on his career , which at the time was primarily in the theatre .


In Linux environments , programmers can build device drivers as parts of the kernel , separately as loadable modules , or as user-mode drivers ( for certain types of devices where kernel interfaces exist , such as for USB devices ) .


A good example for virtual device drivers can be Daemon Tools .


Hence the ' berg ' element in Bergen or Heidelberg relates to a hill , rather than a fort .


In Australia , the term " borough " is an occasionally used term for a local government area .


While on board , he received a cable from Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer offering him a screenwriting assignment .


Only eight municipalities in Quebec are divided into boroughs .


A local boundary review reporting in 2018 proposed granting borough status to any district containing a census town with a population over 30,000 ; this would have included the towns of Dundalk , Bray , and Navan .


This requires an amendment to the 2014 act , promised for 2019 by minister John Paul Phelan .


Following a long tradition , Broadway theatre lights were dimmed at 8 p.m. on May 6 , 2011 , for one minute in his memory .


From 1921 , Belfast and Derry were part of Northern Ireland and stayed within the United Kingdom on the establishment of the Irish Free State in 1922 .


Galway was a borough from 1937 until upgraded to a county borough in 1985 .


In the Netherlands , the municipalities of Rotterdam and Amsterdam were divided into administrative boroughs , or deelgemeenten , which had their own borough council and a borough mayor .


In Northern Ireland , local government was reorganised in 1973 .


, and Microsoft , culminating in his 2003 arrest .


The location chosen was close to the Dead Sea Works .


In spite of a gradual decrease during the 1980 s , the city 's population began to grow once again with the beginning of the Russian immigration in the 1990 s .


Due to projected rapid population growth in the Negev , the city is expected to triple in size by 2025 .


Their official status in Israel was an ongoing issue for many years , but in May 1990 , the issue was resolved with the issuing of first B / 1 visas , and a year later , issuing of temporary residency .


Focusing on the 2003 hacking scene , the film features interviews with Kevin Rose and Steve Wozniak .


Dimona Railway Station is located in the southwestern part of the city .


It is situated south-west of Bodmin Moor .


It is bordered to the east by Cardinham parish , to the southeast by Lanhydrock parish , to the southwest and west by Lanivet parish , and to the north by Helland parish .


There is also Carminow Cross at a road junction southeast of the town .


In May 2010 , an earlier cut of the film was leaked via BitTorrent .