All the other voices ( including the narrator and one out-of-tune mouse ) were provided by Postgate , who also wrote the stories .


The first antique village vignette is a cropped image of Horrabridge taken in 1898 , though nothing is known of the other photo of the children with the pram .


One of the first telephones in a private residence was installed in his palace in Petrópolis , his summer retreat from Rio de Janeiro .


The wing was funded entirely by Postgate from royalties received from the BBC .


It describes the aspects of mathematical sets familiar in discrete mathematics ( for example Venn diagrams and symbolic reasoning about their Boolean algebra ) , and suffices for the everyday use of set theory concepts in contemporary mathematics .


It was created at the end of the 19th " century by Georg Cantor as part of his study of infinite sets and developed by Gottlob Frege in his " Grundgesetze der Arithmetik " .


One common example is Russell 's paradox : there is no set consisting of " all sets that do not contain themselves " .


According to some accounts , the metal detector worked flawlessly in tests but did not find Guiteau 's bullet , partly because the metal bed frame on which the President was lying disturbed the instrument , resulting in static .


Cantor 's paradox can actually be derived from the above ( false ) assumption - that any property may be used to form a set - using for is a cardinal number " .


It follows from Gödel 's incompleteness theorems that a sufficiently complicated first order logic system ( which includes most common axiomatic set theories ) cannot be proved consistent from within the theory itself & ndash ; even if it actually is consistent .


However , the common axiomatic systems are generally believed to be consistent ; by their axioms they do exclude " some " paradoxes , like Russell 's paradox .


Based on Gödel 's theorem , it is just not known & ndash ; and never can be & ndash ; if there are " no " paradoxes at all in these theories or in any first-order set theory .


The experimental boats were essentially proof-of-concept prototypes that culminated in the more substantial HD-4 , powered by Renault engines .


For any set " A " , the power set is a Boolean algebra under the operations of union and intersection .


It is even possible to define infinite Cartesian products , but this requires a more recondite definition of the product .


Cartesian products were first developed by René Descartes in the context of analytic geometry .


In the context of the Indo-Aryan languages like Sanskrit and Hindi and comparative Indo-European studies , breathy consonants are often called " voiced aspirated " , as in the Hindi and Sanskrit stops normally denoted " bh , dh , ḍh , jh , " and " gh " and the reconstructed Proto-Indo-European phoneme " gʷʰ " .


On September 9 , 1919 , the HD-4 set a world marine speed record of , a record which stood for ten years .


The IPA and authors such as Peter Ladefoged equate phonemically contrastive murmur with " breathy voice " in which the vocal folds are held with lower tension ( and further apart ) than in modal voice , with a concomitant increase in airflow and slower vibration of the glottis .


Many Indo-Aryan languages , such as Hindi , typically have a four-way contrast among plosives and affricates ( voiced , breathy , tenuis , aspirated ) and a two-way contrast among nasals ( voiced , breathy ) .


In some Bantu languages , historically breathy stops have been phonetically devoiced , but the four-way contrast in the system has been retained .


The " bel " ( B ) and the smaller " decibel " ( dB ) are units of measurement of sound pressure level ( SPL ) invented by Bell Labs and named after him .


Swazi , and to a greater extent Phuthi , display good evidence that breathy voicing can be used as a morphological property independent of any consonant voicing value .


In Portuguese , vowels after the stressed syllable can be pronounced with breathy voice .


Breathy stops in Punjabi lost their phonation , merging with voiceless and voiced stops in various positions , and a system of high and low tones developed in syllables that formerly had these sounds .


For instance , as the Cartesian skeptic will point out , all of my perceptual experiences are compatible with a skeptical scenario in which I am completely deceived about the existence of the external world , in which case most ( if not all ) of my beliefs would be false .


Calreticulin binds to misfolded proteins and prevents them from being exported from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus .


An intermediate position , known as " foundherentism " , is advanced by Susan Haack .


One of the oldest forms of epistemic skepticism can be found in Agrippa 's trilemma ( named after the Pyrrhonist philosopher Agrippa the Skeptic ) which demonstrates that certainty can not be achieved with regard to beliefs .


Some of the most famous historical empiricists include John Locke , David Hume , George Berkeley , Francis Bacon , John Stuart Mill , Rudolf Carnap , and Bertrand Russell .


Rationalist views can range from modest views in mathematics and logic ( such as that of Gottlob Frege ) to ambitious metaphysical systems ( such as that of Baruch Spinoza ) .


Calreticulin and Calnexin 's ability to bind carbohydrates associates them with the lectin protein family .


Another school , the Ajñana , included notable proponents of philosophical skepticism .


According to Jain epistemology , none of the pramanas gives absolute or perfect knowledge since they are each limited points of view .


Since is a nonempty set of positive integers , it has a minimum element , by the Well-ordering principle .


The car became known as the AMX-400 and it is now owned by an automobile collector .


Calreticulin binds to antibodies in certain area of systemic lupus and Sjögren patients that contain anti-Ro / SSA antibodies .


The team has flown the McDonnell Douglas F / A-18 Hornet since 1986 , which had served in the fleet and is constantly maintained and updated to be a combat-ready fighter aircraft .


At the next performance at Lackland Air Force Base following the announcement the No. 4 or slot pilot , was absent from the formation .


The word " esperanto " translates into English as " one who hopes " .


The first congress ratified the Declaration of Boulogne , which established several foundational premises for the Esperanto movement ; one of its pronouncements is that " Fundamento de Esperanto " is the only obligatory authority over the language ; another is that the Esperanto movement is exclusively a linguistic movement and that no further meaning can ever be ascribed to it .


In mice models of myeloid leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma , anti-CD 47 were effective in clearing cancer cells while normal cells were unaffected .


Around 1900 , Germany in particular was taking a more aggressive stance towards the territory and was accused of sabotage and of obstructing the administrative process in order to force the issue .


A field reference manual , FM 30 - 101 - 1 Feb. 1962 , contained the grammar , English-Esperanto-English dictionary , and common phrases .


Compound words are formed with a modifier-first , head-final order , as in English ( compare " birdsong " and " songbird , " and likewise , and ) .


In copular ( A = B ) clauses , word order is just as important as in English : " people are animals " is distinguished from " animals are people " .


A " crannog " ( ; ; ) is typically a partially or entirely artificial island , usually built in lakes and estuarine waters of Scotland , Wales , and Ireland .


The syntax has Germanic and Slavic tendencies , with internal tensions when these disagree ; the semantics and phonology have been said to be Slavic .


This is analogous to the situation with the English suffix " - ess , " as in the words " baron / baroness " , " waiter / waitress " , etc .


This latter figure appears in " Ethnologue " .


The 15th edition of " Ethnologue " cited estimates that there were 200 to 2000 native speakers in 1996 , but these figures were removed from the 16th and 17th editions .


Unlike the prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps , which were built on the shores and not inundated until later , crannogs were built in the water , thus forming artificial islands .


There are also shared traditions , such as Zamenhof Day , and shared behaviour patterns .


The flag was approved in 1905 by delegates to the first conference of Esperantists at Boulogne-sur-Mer .


Dubbed the " " ( jubilee symbol ) , it attracted criticism from some Esperantists , who dubbed it the " " ( melon ) because of the design 's elliptical shape .


In modern times , attempts have been made to eliminate perceived sexism in the language , such as Riism .


while Scotland has 347 sites officially listed as such .


This is analogous to the situation with the English suffix " - ess , " as in baron / baroness , waiter / waitress etc .


As in English , " li " " he " may be used generically , whereas " ŝi " " she " is always female .


These suggestions were adopted by the Ido reform .


Nicodemus takes only the literal meaning from Jesus 's statement , while Jesus clarifies that he means more of a spiritual rebirth from above .


Previously unknown crannogs in Scotland and Ireland are still being found as underwater surveys continue to investigate loch beds for completely submerged examples .


It details what is presumably a private conversation between Jesus and Nicodemus , with none of the disciples seemingly attending , making it unclear how a record of this conversation was acquired .


Historically , the classic text from John 3 was consistently interpreted by the early church fathers as a reference to baptism .


Historically , Christianity has used various metaphors to describe its rite of initiation , that is , spiritual regeneration via the sacrament of baptism by the power of the water and the spirit .


This same belief is , historically , also an integral part of Methodist doctrine , and is connected with the doctrine of Justification .


In Scotland , crannogs are mostly found on the western coast , with high concentrations in Argyll and Dumfries and Galloway .


The screw , the last of the simple machines to be invented , first appeared in Mesopotamia during the Neo-Assyrian period ( 911 - 609 ) BC .


The earliest practical water-powered machines , the water wheel and watermill , first appeared in the Persian Empire , in what are now Iraq and Iran , by the early 4th century BC .


The crankshaft and camshaft were invented by Al-Jazari in Northern Mesopotamia circa 1206 , and they later became central to modern machinery such as the steam engine , internal combustion engine and automatic controls .


The earliest programmable machines were developed in the Muslim world .


This centre offers guided tours and hands-on activities , including wool-spinning , wood-turning and making fire , holds events to celebrate wild cooking and crafts , and hosts yearly Midsummer , Lughnasadh and Samhain festivals .


The castle clock , a hydropowered mechanical astronomical clock invented by Al-Jazari , was the first programmable analog computer .


One of the most famous engineers of the mid 19th century was Isambard Kingdom Brunel , who built railroads , dockyards and steamships .


There were fewer than 50 engineering graduates in the U.S. before 1865 .


The foundations of electrical engineering in the 1800 s included the experiments of Alessandro Volta , Michael Faraday , Georg Ohm and others and the invention of the electric telegraph in 1816 and the electric motor in 1872 .


The visible structural remains are traditionally interpreted as duns or , in more recent terminology , as " Atlantic roundhouses " .


New specialties sometimes combine with the traditional fields and form new branches – for example , Earth systems engineering and management involves a wide range of subject areas including engineering studies , environmental science , engineering ethics and philosophy of engineering .


Computer engineering ( CE ) is a branch of engineering that integrates several fields of computer science and electronic engineering required to develop computer hardware and software .


One who practices engineering is called an engineer , and those licensed to do so may have more formal designations such as Professional Engineer , Chartered Engineer , Incorporated Engineer , Ingenieur , European Engineer , or Designated Engineering Representative .


Genrich Altshuller , after gathering statistics on a large number of patents , suggested that compromises are at the heart of " low-level " engineering designs , while at a higher level the best design is one which eliminates the core contradiction causing the problem .


Crannog construction and occupation was at its peak in Scotland from about 800 BC to AD 200 .


An example of this is the use of numerical approximations to the Navier–Stokes equations to describe aerodynamic flow over an aircraft , or the use of the Finite element method to calculate the stresses in complex components .


The Art Institute of Chicago , for instance , held an exhibition about the art of NASA 's aerospace design .


Robert Maillart 's bridge design is perceived by some to have been deliberately artistic .


Among famous historical figures , Leonardo da Vinci is a well-known Renaissance artist and engineer , and a prime example of the nexus between art and engineering .


Island settlement in Scotland and Ireland is manifest through the entire range of possibilities ranging from entirely natural , small islets to completely artificial islets , therefore definitions remain contentious .


Due to this the proliferation of compulsory education , combined with population growth , UNESCO has calculated that in the next 30 " years more people will receive formal education than in all of human history thus far .


The current version ISCED 2011 has 9 rather than 7 levels , created by dividing the tertiary pre-doctorate level into three levels .


Example alternative schools include Montessori schools , Waldorf schools ( or Steiner schools ) , Friends schools , Sands School , Summerhill School , Walden 's Path , The Peepal Grove School , Sudbury Valley School , Krishnamurti schools , and open classroom schools .


The concept has been revived by the University of Western Ontario to teach anatomy to medical students .


Another solution is to utilize a turbine that resists debris , such as a Gorlov helical turbine or Ossberger turbine .


The global campus online , led by American universities , allows free access to class materials and lecture files recorded during the actual classes .


The Programme for International Student Assessment and the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement objectively monitor and compare the proficiency of students from a wide range of different nations .


Charities like One Laptop per Child are dedicated to providing infrastructures through which the disadvantaged may access educational materials .


The OLPC foundation , a group out of MIT Media Lab and supported by several major corporations , has a stated mission to develop a $ 100 laptop for delivering educational software .


The basic requirement for passive solar heating is that the solar collectors must face the prevailing sunlight ( south in the Northern Hemisphere , north in the Southern Hemisphere ) , and the building must incorporate thermal mass to keep it warm in the night .


The Prussian education system in the 19th century , for example , wanted to turn boys and girls into adults who would serve the state 's political goals .


Studies from the United States suggest that the quality of teachers is the single most important factor affecting student performance , and that countries which score highly on international tests have multiple policies in place to ensure that the teachers they employ are as effective as possible .


At the level of the individual , there is a large literature , generally related to the work of Jacob Mincer , on how earnings are related to the schooling and other human capital .


Although never intended for the low-level role , the B-52 's flexibility allowed it to outlast its intended successor as the nature of the air war environment changed .


Passivhaus building codes , in particular , bring unusually good interior air quality , because the buildings change the air several times per hour , passing it through a heat exchanger to keep heat inside .


During the Vietnam War , the concept that all future wars would be nuclear was turned on its head , and the " big belly " modifications increased the B-52 's total bomb load to , turning it into a powerful tactical aircraft which could be used against ground troops along with strategic targets from high altitudes .


This produced a design that looked more like an airliner than a bomber , with a large swept wing , T-tail , and large high-bypass engines .


Initially , it had been expected that a Mach " 1.2 performance could be achieved at low altitude , which required that titanium be used in critical areas in the fuselage and wing structure .


A small number of B-52 s could launch hundreds of ALCMs , saturating the defense .


Passivhaus designs usually integrate the heater with the ventilation system .


Studies suggested that the existing B-52 fleet with ALCM would remain a credible threat until 1985 .


It was predicted that 75 % of the B-52 force would survive to attack its targets .


The computer is programmed with the JOVIAL programming language .


Although not technically a stealth aircraft in a comprehensive sense , thanks to the aircraft 's structure , serpentine intake paths and use of radar-absorbent material its RCS is about 1 / 50th of the similar sized B-52 's RCS ; this is about 26 " ft or 2.4 " m , roughly equivalent to the RCS of a small fighter aircraft .


Buckminster Fuller discovered this effect with a simple house design adapted from a grain silo , and adapted his Dymaxion house and geodesic domes to use it .


The B-52 was more suited to the role of conventional warfare and it was used by coalition forces instead .


An " encyclopedia " or " encyclopaedia " ( British English ) is a reference work or compendium providing summaries of knowledge either from all branches or from a particular field or discipline .


More commonly , François Rabelais is cited for his use of the term in " Pantagruel " ( 1532 ) .


Around year 960 , the Brethren of Purity of Basra were engaged in their " Encyclopedia of the Brethren of Purity " .


It makes up the majority of modern-day Turkey .


During the Renaissance , the creation of printing allowed a wider diffusion of encyclopedias and every scholar could have his or her own copy .


The first work titled in this way was the " Encyclopedia orbisque doctrinarum , hoc est omnium artium , scientiarum , ipsius philosophiae index ac divisio " written by Johannes Aventinus in 1517 .


During the Renaissance , middle classes had more time to read and encyclopedias helped them to learn more .


The ancient Anatolian peoples spoke the now-extinct Anatolian languages of the Indo-European language family , which were largely replaced by Greek language starting from classical antiquity and during the Hellenistic , Roman , and Byzantine periods .


Microsoft 's " Encarta " , published between 1993 and 2009 , was a landmark example as it had no printed equivalent .


Wikipedia , a crowd-sourced , multilingual , open licence , free online encyclopedia supported by the non-profit Wikimedia Foundation and open source MediaWiki software opened in 2001 .


Many academics , teachers , and journalists rejected and continue to reject open , crowd sourced encyclopedias , especially Wikipedia , as a reliable source of information , and Wikipedia is itself not a reliable source according to its own standards because of its openly editable and anonymous crowdsourcing model .


A study by " Nature " in 2005 found that Wikipedia 's science articles were roughly comparable in accuracy to those of " Encyclopædia Britannica " , containing the same number of serious errors and about 1 / 3 more minor factual inaccuracies , but that Wikipedia 's writing tended to be confusing and less readable .


Major Anatolian languages included Hittite , Luwian , and Lydian , while other , poorly attested local languages included Phrygian and Mysian .


More than a dozen other Wikipedias have 1 " million articles or more , of variable quality and length .


Each rotor is a disc approximately in diameter made from Ebonite or Bakelite with 26 brass , spring-loaded , electrical contact pins arranged in a circle on one face , with the other face housing 26 corresponding electrical contacts in the form of circular plates .


Most of the rotors are identified by Roman numerals , and each issued copy of rotor I , for instance , is wired identically to all others .


The same is true for the special thin beta and gamma rotors used in the M4 naval variant .


This traditional geographical definition is used , for example , in the latest edition of " Merriam-Webster 's Geographical Dictionary " .


During World War II , codebooks were only used each day to set up the rotors , their ring settings and the plugboard .


Prior to encryption the message was encoded using the " Kurzsignalheft " code book .


The " Kurzsignalheft " contained tables to convert sentences into four-letter groups .


On 23 February 1918 , Arthur Scherbius applied for a patent for a ciphering machine that used rotors .


These languages are now extinct ; relationships with indigenous languages of the Caucasus have been proposed but are not generally accepted .


, and Pontifical ( services appropriate to a bishop - confirmation , ordination ) .


In his early days Cranmer was a conservative humanist : he was an admirer of Erasmus .


Cranmer is " credited [ with ] the overall job of editorship and the overarching structure of the book " ; though , he borrowed and adapted material from other sources .


There was also a calendar and lectionary , which meant a Bible and a Psalter were the only other books required by a priest .


They were speakers of an Indo-European language , the Hittite language , or " nesili " ( the language of Nesa ) in Hittite .


Cranmer 's doctrinal concerns can be seen in the systematic amendment of source material to remove any idea that human merit contributed to an individual 's salvation .


The doctrines of justification by faith and predestination are central to Cranmer 's theology .


It also preserved much of the medieval structure of the Mass - stone altars remained , the clergy wore traditional vestments , much of the service was sung , and the priest was instructed to put the communion wafer into a communicant 's mouth instead of in their hand .


Nevertheless , the first BCP was a " radical " departure from traditional worship in that it " eliminated almost everything that had till then been central to lay Eucharistic piety " .


However , they did not necessarily displace the population genetically ; they assimilated into the former peoples ' culture , preserving the Hittite language .


Cranmer based his baptism service on Martin Luther 's service , which was a simplification of the long and complex medieval rite .


In both cases , conformity with strict Reformed Protestant principles would have resulted in a conditional formulation .


Cranmer was punished for his work in the English Reformation by being burned at the stake on 21 March 1556 .


Before the end of the English Civil War ( 1642 - 1651 ) and the introduction of the 1662 prayer book , something like a half a million prayer books are estimated to have been in circulation .


From the 9th century BC , Luwian regions coalesced into a number of states such as Lydia , Caria and Lycia , all of which had Hellenic influence .


Secondly , an attempt was made to restore the Offertory .


The so-called " manual acts " , whereby the priest took the bread and the cup during the prayer of consecration , which had been deleted in 1552 , were restored ; and an " amen " was inserted after the words of institution and before communion , hence separating the connections between consecration and communion which Cranmer had tried to make .


By such subtle means were Cranmer 's purposes further confused , leaving it for generations to argue over the precise theology of the rite .


The actual language of the 1662 revision was little changed from that of Cranmer .


This city was the birthplace of the last king of Babylon , the Assyrian Nabonidus and his son and regent Belshazzar .


Instead a different process , that of producing an alternative book , led to the publication of Series 1 , 2 and 3 in the 1960 s , the 1980 Alternative Service Book and subsequently to the 2000 " Common Worship " series of books .


The 1712 edition had parallel columns in English and Irish languages .


This attempt combined the Anglican structure of worship with indigenous prayer traditions .


Created by Ernest Coxhead , it stands on one of the higher points in Golden Gate Park .


The northern regions included Bithynia , Paphlagonia and Pontus ; to the west were Mysia , Lydia and Caria ; and Lycia , Pamphylia and Cilicia belonged to the southern shore .


As it has been in regular use for centuries , many phrases from its services have passed into everyday English , either as deliberate quotations or as unconscious borrowings .


This form of practice is intended primarily for kendo practitioners up to Nidan ranking , but can be beneficial for all kendo students .


Many scientists observed that enzymatic activity was associated with proteins , but others ( such as Nobel laureate Richard Willstätter ) argued that proteins were merely carriers for the true enzymes and that proteins " per se " were incapable of catalysis .


In 1926 , James B. Sumner showed that the enzyme urease was a pure protein and crystallized it ; he did likewise for the enzyme catalase in 1937 .


There were also several inland regions : Phrygia , Cappadocia , Pisidia and Galatia .


This was first done for lysozyme , an enzyme found in tears , saliva and egg whites that digests the coating of some bacteria ; the structure was solved by a group led by David Chilton Phillips and published in 1965 .


Michaelis–Menten kinetics relies on the law of mass action , which is derived from the assumptions of free diffusion and thermodynamically driven random collision .


New machinery developed in the USA installed at Enfield had greatly increased its output without needing more skilled craftsmen .


This new machinery brought to Birmingham the principle of the interchangeability of parts .


The use of minted coins continued to flourish during the Greek and Roman eras .


But , the War Office did not honour their undertaking .


This financial burden deprived Daimler of badly needed cash to fund development , forcing the Daimler company to borrow money from the Midland Bank .


In 1913 Daimler employed 5,000 workers to manufacture 1,000 vehicles , an indication that things were not well .


The armed forces had chosen the 500 cc side-valve BSA M20 motorcycle as their preferred machine .


The Ionian Revolt , as it became known , though quelled , initiated the Greco-Persian Wars , which ended in a Greek victory in 449 BC , and the Ionian cities regained their independence .


The first part of the product 's name comes from Latin " bovīnus " , meaning " ox " .


In 1870 , in the Franco-Prussian War , Napoleon III ordered one million cans of beef to feed his troops .


By 1888 , over 3,000 UK public houses , grocers and dispensing chemists were selling Bovril .


A period of peaceful Hellenization followed , such that the local Anatolian languages had been supplanted by Greek by the 1st century BC .


Epistemological moral skepticism is a subclass of theory , the members of which include Pyrrhonian moral skepticism and dogmatic moral skepticism .


The Stoic philosopher Epictetus posited that the greatest good was contentment and serenity .


Stoic philosophy says to accept things that cannot be changed , resigning oneself to the existence and enduring in a rational fashion .


Epictetus said difficult problems in life should not be avoided , but rather embraced .


Large urban centers included Ephesus , Pergamum , Sardis and Aphrodisias .


Objections to ethical intuitionism include whether or not there are objective moral values - an assumption which the ethical system is based upon - the question of why many disagree over ethics if they are absolute , and whether Occam 's razor cancels such a theory out entirely .


Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill are influential proponents of this school of thought .


John Stuart Mill , in his exposition of utilitarianism , proposed a hierarchy of pleasures , meaning that the pursuit of certain kinds of pleasure is more highly valued than the pursuit of other pleasures .


If they do not work on Sabbath because they are lazy , then their action is not truly speaking " right " , even though the actual physical action performed is the same .


The south and west coasts enjoy a typical Mediterranean climate , with mild rainy winters , and warm dry summers .


Care-focused feminism is a branch of feminist thought , informed primarily by ethics of care as developed by Carol Gilligan This body of theory is critical of how caring is socially assigned to women , and consequently devalued .


Some prominent works of philosopher Hans Jonas are devoted to ethics of technology .


Among the great mathematicians of antiquity to consider this problem were Pythagoras ( c .


Thomas Harriot seems to have been the first to derive and write formulas for sums of powers using symbolic notation , but even he calculated only up to the sum of the fourth powers .


In his dialogues , Plato often has Socrates utter oaths " by the dog " ( " kai me ton kuna " ) , " by the dog of Egypt " , and " by the dog , the god of the Egyptians " , both for emphasis and to appeal to Anubis as an arbiter of truth in the underworld .


The numerators of the first parentheses are ( see Connection with Stirling numbers of the first kind ) .


( ) / ( ) are the second ( fractional ) Euler numbers and an autosequence of the second kind .


Also valuable for / ( see Connection with Worpitzky numbers ) .


The expression [ even ] has the value 1 if is even and 0 otherwise ( Iverson bracket ) .


Several epithets attached to his name in Egyptian texts and inscriptions referred to that role .


However , already in 1877 Philipp Ludwig von Seidel published an ingenious algorithm , which makes it simple to calculate .


The coefficients are the Euler numbers of odd and even index , respectively .


Thus the determinant is , the Stirling polynomial at 1 .


An extremely rare depiction of him in fully human form was found in the tomb of Ramesses II in Abydos .


5 ♣ – 0 or 4 key cards was devised by Bobby Goldman as an attempt to resolve the situation when the Blackwood-asker has a void .


, and two of Elvis Presley 's movies , " Clambake " and " Speedway " .


He turned down the role as Marlo Thomas 's boyfriend in the successful " That Girl " , though he later guest-starred in the show , and starred in two failed pilots .


ABC cancelled the sitcom in 1972 at the end of season three .


Although he does not appear in many myths , he was extremely popular with Egyptians and those of other cultures .


He finished his career by directing 30 episodes ( in seasons two and three ) of the NBC sitcom " Blossom " .


He married her in October 1993 , just six weeks before he collapsed on the set of " Blossom " .


From 1652 to 1795 , the Dutch East India Company controlled this area , but the United Kingdom incorporated it into the British Empire in 1806 .


Immigrants from Germany , Scandinavia , and Switzerland journeyed to Holland in the hope of finding employment at the VOC. During the same year one of their ships was stranded in Table Bay at what would eventually become Cape Town , and the shipwrecked crew had to forage for themselves on shore for several months .


His cult center was at Cynopolis in Upper Egypt but memorials were built everywhere and he was universally revered in every part of the land .


The influence of this small body of immigrants on the character of the Dutch settlers was marked .


This resulted in the Huguenots assimilating by the middle of the 18th century , with a loss to the community in the use and knowledge of French .


The little settlement gradually spread eastwards , and in 1754 the country as far as Algoa Bay was included in the colony .


The administration of the Dutch East India Company was extremely despotic .


In popular and media culture , Anubis is often falsely portrayed as the sinister god of the dead .


The Gamtoos River had been declared , c .


What they had learnt of government from the Dutch East India Company they carried into the wilderness with them .


The end of the 19th century saw a revival of this same tyrannical monopolist policy in the Transvaal .


If the formula , " In all things political , purely despotic ; in all things commercial , purely monopolist , " was true of the government of the Dutch East India Company in the 18th century , it was equally true of Kruger 's government in the latter part of the 19th .


For example , " 24 " is ten days after " 14 " in the Gregorian calendar .


The rebellion was put down by Louis Botha and Jan Smuts , and the ringleaders received heavy fines and terms of imprisonment .


It evolved from the Dutch vernacular of South Holland ( Hollandic dialect ) spoken by the mainly Dutch settlers of what is now South Africa , where it gradually began to develop distinguishing characteristics in the course of the 18th century .


Hence , it is a daughter language of Dutch , and was previously referred to as " Cape Dutch " ( a term also used to refer collectively to the early Cape settlers ) or " kitchen Dutch " ( a derogatory term used to refer to Afrikaans in its earlier days ) .


They believe that many people of Voortrekker descent were not assimilated into what they see as the Cape-based Afrikaner identity .


A particular day may be represented by a different date in another calendar as in the Gregorian calendar and the Julian calendar , which have been used simultaneously in different places .


Dramatic examples include Shakespeare 's influential play " Hamlet " , whose hero articulates these concerns in poetry ; and films , such as " The Matrix " , which explores the nature of knowledge and was released worldwide .


Novels give great scope for investigating these themes while they entertain their readers .


An example of a creative work that considers philosophical questions so entertainingly that it has been presented in a very wide range of forms is " The Hitchhiker 's Guide to the Galaxy " .


Originally a radio comedy , this story became so popular that it has also appeared as a novel , film , television series , stage show , comic , audiobook , LP record , adventure game and online game , its ideas became popular references ( see Phrases from The Hitchhiker 's Guide to the Galaxy ) and has been translated into many languages .


The most widely used epoch is a conventional birthdate of Jesus ( which was established by Dionysius Exiguus in the sixth century ) .


This was the case with " masked dance-dramas " in Korea , which " originated in conjunction with village shaman rituals and eventually became largely an entertainment form for commoners " .


Nautch dancers in the Mughal Empire performed in Indian courts and palaces .


In the court at the Palace of Versailles , " thousands of courtiers , including men and women who inhabited its apartments , acted as both performers and spectators in daily rituals that reinforced the status hierarchy " .


Entry for the day 's events at the Tiltyard in Whitehall was set at 12d " .


Many computer systems internally store points in time in Unix time format or some other system time format .


One of the oldest known board games is Senet , a game played in Ancient Egypt , enjoyed by the pharaoh Tutankhamun .


Number games such as Sudoku and puzzle games like the Rubik 's cube can develop mental prowess .


Shakespeare wrote seventeen comedies that incorporate many techniques still used by performers and writers of comedy - such as jokes , puns , parody , wit , observational humor , or the unexpected effect of irony .


Showing how stories are used to pass the time and entertain an audience of travellers , Chaucer used pilgrims in his literary work " The Canterbury Tales " in the 14th century , as did Wu Cheng'en in the 16th century in " Journey to the West " .


The current date in the Gregorian calendar is .


Collections of stories , such as " Grimms ' Fairy Tales " or those by Hans Christian Andersen , have been similarly influential .


Audiences amazed at the stunt performances and escape acts of Harry Houdini , for example , regarded him as a magician .


" In the summer of 46 " BCE Julius Caesar chose to celebrate four triumphs held on different days extending for about one month .


For example , the modern sport of surfing is associated with Hawaii and that of snow skiing probably evolved in Scandinavia .


This date format is used in Kazakhstan , Latvia , Nepal , and Turkmenistan .


The Bayreuth Festspielhaus in Germany is a theatre designed and built for performances of one specific musical composition .


The Hillsborough disaster is an example of how poor aspects of building design can contribute to audience deaths .


Examples include " the preservation of the Alcázar of Toledo , with its grim Civil War History , the conversion of slave dungeons into tourist attractions in Ghana , [ such as , for example , Cape Coast Castle ] and the presentation of indigenous culture in Libya " .


In the IUPAC nomenclature system , ethers are named using the general formula " " alkoxyalkane " " , for example CH–CH–O–CH is methoxyethane .


In the United States , dates are rarely written in purely numerical forms in formal writing , although they are very common elsewhere ; when numerical forms are used , the month appears first .


Ethers also coordinate to the Mg ( II ) center in Grignard reagents .


This method usually does not work well for aryl halides ( e.g. bromobenzene , see Ullmann condensation below ) .


The phenoxide ion will then substitute the – X group in the alkyl halide , forming an ether with an aryl group attached to it in a reaction with an S2 mechanism .


The " ecliptic " is the plane of Earth 's orbit around the Sun .


The astronomers describe their system as also being a " Julian date " system .


The angular value of the obliquity is found by observation of the motions of Earth and other planets over many years .


where is the obliquity and is tropical centuries from B1900 .


where hereafter is Julian centuries from J2000 .


Because Earth 's orbit , and hence the ecliptic , moves very little , it is a relatively fixed reference with respect to the stars .


In Canada and the United States , the usual written form is " December 7 , 1941 " , spoken as " December seventh , nineteen forty-one " or colloquially " December the seventh , nineteen forty-one " .


For example , the orbit of each planet in the solar system is approximately an ellipse with the Sun at one focus point ( more precisely , the focus is the barycenter of the Sunplanet pair ) .


The ellipse is also the simplest Lissajous figure formed when the horizontal and vertical motions are sinusoids with the same frequency : a similar effect leads to elliptical polarization of light in optics .


Using Dandelin spheres , one can prove that any plane section of a cone with a plane is an ellipse , assuming the plane does not contain the apex and has slope less than that of the lines on the cone .


The parameter " t " ( called the " eccentric anomaly " in astronomy ) is not the angle of with the " x " - axis , but has a geometric meaning due to Philippe de La Hire ( see " Drawing ellipses " below ) .


He was the author of over 400 scientific papers published in refereed journals and sat on the editorial boards of the scientific journals " Intelligence " and " Personality and Individual Differences " .


A technical realization of the motion of the paper strip can be achieved by a Tusi couple ( see animation ) .


With help of a French curve one draws a curve , which has smooth contact to the osculating circles .


The special case of a moving circle with radius inside a circle with radius is called a Tusi couple .


In the 17th century , Johannes Kepler discovered that the orbits along which the planets travel around the Sun are ellipses with the Sun [ approximately ] at one focus , in his first law of planetary motion .


At 14 , he conducted a band that won a nationwide contest held in San Francisco .


If the Lissajous figure display is an ellipse , rather than a straight line , the two signals are out of phase .


Known as the Eureka Rebellion , it led to the introduction of male suffrage in Australia , and as such is interpreted as the origin of Australian democracy .


The present spelling was officially adopted by the City of Ballarat in 1996 .


The first publicised discovery of gold in the region was by Thomas Hiscock on 2 August 1851 , in Buninyong to the south .


Later , he conducted orchestras and attended a seminar given by Nikolai Sokoloff .


Around this time , it was overtaken in population by the port city of Geelong , further diminishing its provincial status .


In 2008 the City of Ballarat released a plan directing that growth of the city over the next 30 years is to be concentrated to the west of the city centre .


Geologically , the area consists of alluvial sediment and volcanic flows originating from now-extinct volcanoes such as nearby Buninyong and Warrenheip , which are the area 's tallest peaks .


He was also deeply interested in the life and example of Gandhi , producing an unpublished book-length manuscript on his life .


Prolonged drought ( an average annual rainfall with falls averaging as low as per year since 2001 ) caused Lake Wendouree to dry up completely for the first time in its history between 2006 and 2007 .


European rabbits and red foxes cause significant environmental damage in the region 's agriculture areas .


Major department stores include Myer , Target , Big W , Kmart , Harvey Norman and Harris Scarfe .


Where historically the mining industry supported tens of thousands of workers or the majority of the population , today agriculture dominates the sector , though collectively both industries employ less than thousand people or just over 2 % of the City of Ballarat 's total workforce .


This is a claim most closely identified with Charles Spearman .


The city is made up of 3 councillor , each represented by three postal votings elected once every four years by Mayor of Ballarat .


Television station WIN commenced transmission of test patterns on 17 March 1962 .


Since the controversial removal of " flagship " express services in 2011 , successive timetable changes have slowed peak hour services to Regional Rail Link , with the current journey taking a minimum of 73 minutes .


Optus provided competition with its entrance to the market in 2003 along with significant service upgrades in 2004 followed by optical fiber cable in mid-2009 .


During the period , fighting continued , particularly in Ireland and Scotland , between the parliamentary forces and those opposed to them , as part of what is now referred to as the Third English Civil War .


Fought from 28 to 30 June 1651 , the battle took place in the province of Volhynia , on the hilly plain south of the Styr River .


The number of Polish troops is uncertain .


A number of registered Cossacks remained loyal and participated in the battle on the Polish side .


He led an uprising against the Commonwealth and its magnates ( 1648 – 1654 ) that resulted in the creation of a state led by the Cossacks .


The only force keeping it together was the personality of Oliver Cromwell , who exerted control through the military by way of the " Grandees " , being the Major-Generals and other senior military leaders of the New Model Army .


For his service , he was granted a strip of land near the town , where Mykhailo set up a khutor Subotiv .


Mikołaj Potocki was successful again and after six weeks long siege Cossacks were forced to capitulate on 3 August 1638 .


They were elected on a council on 9 September 1638 in Kyiv .


Commissar , colonels and osauls had to be a noblemen , while sotniks and atamans hat to be Cossacks , who were " distinguished in a service for Us and the Commonwealth " .


The second piece of major legislation was the passage of the Humble Petition and Advice , a sweeping constitutional reform which had two purposes .


Had the Cossacks stayed at Khortytsia , they might have been defeated , as in many other rebellions .


It was repeated soon afterwards , with the same success , at the Battle of Korsuń on 26 May 1648 .


Throughout the years , the elite preserved and maintained the autonomy of the Cossack Hetmanate in the face of Russia 's attempt to curb it .


The resulting Treaty of Zboriv on 18 August 1649 was unfavourable for the Cossacks .


Inspired by the farces of the ancient Roman playwright Plautus ( 251&ndash ; 183 BC ) , specifically " Pseudolus " , " Miles Gloriosus " , and " Mostellaria " , the musical tells the bawdy story of a slave named Pseudolus and his attempts to win his freedom by helping his young master woo the girl next door .


Now , the Crimean Tatars played a decisive role and did not allow either side to prevail .


The other possible ally was the Orthodox tsar of Moskovia .


That government remained quite cautious and stayed away from the hostilities in Ukraine .


The Cossacks decided to rescind the demand and abide by the treaty .


The Hetman 's emissaries were not even allowed to attend the negotiations .


His expedition to Halychyna had failed because of mutiny within his army .


His funeral was held on 23 August , and his body was taken from his capital , Chyhyryn , to his estate , at Subotiv , for burial in his ancestral church .


However , with all this positive appreciation of his legacy , even in Ukraine it is far from being unanimous .


On the balance , the view of his legacy in present-day Ukraine is more positive than negative , with some critics acknowledging that the union with Russia was dictated by necessity and an attempt to survive in those difficult times .


This view was expressed in a monument commissioned by the Russian nationalist Mikhail Yuzefovich , which was installed in the centre of Kyiv in 1888 .


" Elephants " are mammals of the family Elephantidae and the largest existing land animals .


Three species are currently recognised : the African bush elephant , the African forest elephant , and the Asian elephant .


Jerome Robbins was called in to give advice and make changes .


The family Elephantidae also contains several now-extinct groups , including the mammoths and straight-tusked elephants .


Elephants are used as working animals in Asia .


As in Mycenaean Greek , Homer used the Greek word to mean ivory , but after the time of Herodotus , it also referred to the animal .


Elephants belong to the family Elephantidae , the sole remaining family within the order Proboscidea which belongs to the superorder Afrotheria .


A revival opened on Broadway at the Lunt-Fontanne Theatre on April 4 , 1972 and closed on August 12 , 1972 after 156 performances .


Among African elephants , forest elephants have smaller and more rounded ears and thinner and straighter tusks than bush elephants and are limited in range to the forested areas of western and Central Africa .


Over 180 extinct members and three major evolutionary radiations of the order Proboscidea have been recorded .


Later on , genera such as " Phiomia " and " Palaeomastodon " arose ; the latter likely inhabited forests and open woodlands .


One notable species of this epoch was " Eritreum melakeghebrekristosi " of the Horn of Africa , which may have been an ancestor to several later species .


They had to close soon after Phil Silvers suffered a stroke .


Mammutids continued to evolve into new species , such as the American mastodon .


African bush elephants are the largest species , with males being tall at the shoulder with a body mass of and females standing tall at the shoulder with a body mass of .


Male Asian elephants are usually about tall at the shoulder and whereas females are tall at the shoulder and .


African forest elephants are the smallest species , with males usually being around tall at the shoulder and .


Unexpectedly , Senex returns home early from his trip , and knocks three times on his own door .


Elephant teeth have loop-shaped dental ridges , which are thicker and more diamond-shaped in African elephants .


Elephants typically have grey skin , but African elephants look brown or reddish after wallowing in coloured mud .


Asian elephants have some patches of depigmentation , particularly on the forehead and ears and the areas around them .


African elephants are mostly browsers while Asian elephants are mainly grazers .


Andrew Gronholdt of the Shumagin Islands has played a vital role in reviving the ancient art of building the " chagudax " or bentwood hunting visors .


The size of adult elephants makes them nearly invulnerable to predators , Calves may be preyed on by lions , spotted hyenas , and wild dogs in Africa and tigers in Asia .


Rumbles are produced during mild arousal Infrasonic calls are important , particularly for long-distance communication , For African elephants , calls range from 15 – 35 " Hz with sound pressure levels as high as 117 " dB , allowing communication for many kilometres , with a possible maximum range of around .


After 1987 , losses in elephant numbers accelerated , and savannah populations from Cameroon to Somalia experienced a decline of 80 % .


African forest elephants had a total loss of 43 % .


In order to lessen the difficulty of drilling at such a remote location and transporting the oil to the lower 48 states , the oil companies proposed building a pipeline to carry the oil across Alaska to the port of Valdez At Valdez , the oil would be loaded onto tankers and shipped to the contiguous states .


Large-scale cullings ceased in 1988 , when Zimbabwe abandoned the practice .


The ivory trade contributed to the African elephant population decline in the late 20th century .


CITES approved an international ban on ivory that went into effect in January 1990 .


Asian elephants perform tasks such as hauling loads into remote areas , moving logs to rivers and roads , transporting tourists around national parks , pulling wagons , and leading religious processions .


In 1971 , barely one million acres of land in Alaska were in private hands .


Ralph Helfer is known to have relied on gentleness and reward when training his animals , including elephants and lions .


Elephants killed around 300 people between 2000 and 2004 in Jharkhand while in Assam , 239 people were reportedly killed between 2001 and 2006 .


Elephants were commonly featured in motifs by the stonemasons of the Gothic churches .


Max Ernst 's 1921 surrealist painting , " The Elephant Celebes , " depicts an elephant as a silo with a trunk-like hose protruding from it .


IS-95 , also called " cdmaOne " , and its 3 G evolution CDMA2000 , are often simply referred to as " CDMA " , but UMTS , the 3 G standard used by GSM carriers , also uses " wideband CDMA " , or W-CDMA , as well as TD-CDMA and TD-SCDMA , as its radio technologies .


Likewise in Hinduism , they are linked with thunderstorms as Airavata , the father of all elephants , represents both lightning and rainbows .


In Islamic tradition , the year 570 when Muhammad was born is known as the Year of the Elephant .


Highly influential until the end of World War II , social Darwinism was eventually banished from human sciences , leading to a strict separation of natural and sociocultural studies .


A satellite named " VORTEX " intercepted communications .


This is effectively a frequency convolution ( Wiener–Khinchin theorem ) of the two signals , resulting in a carrier with narrow sidebands .


The program 's capabilities and political implications were investigated by a committee of the European Parliament during 2000 and 2001 with a report published in 2001 .


On 5 September 2001 , the European Parliament voted to accept the committee 's report .


In 1999 , Enercon , a German company and leading manufacturer of wind energy equipment , developed a breakthrough generator for wind turbines .


The video game series " Tom Clancy 's Splinter Cell " also draws inspiration from this .


In the digital case , the sinusoidal carrier is replaced by Walsh functions .


149,425 Okinawans were killed , died by suicide or went missing , a significant proportion of the estimated pre-war 300,000 local population .


Primary resistance was to be led in the south by Lieutenant General Mitsuru Ushijima , his chief of staff , Lieutenant General Isamu Chō and his chief of operations , Colonel Hiromichi Yahara .


On Okinawa , middle school boys were organized into front-line-service " Tekketsu Kinnōtai " , while Himeyuri students were organized into a nursing unit .


The protracted length of the campaign under stressful conditions forced Admiral Chester W. Nimitz to take the unprecedented step of relieving the principal naval commanders to rest and recuperate .


Since each of the 64 Walsh codes is orthogonal to all other , the signals are channelized into 64 orthogonal signals .


While no major Allied warships were lost , several fleet carriers were severely damaged .


On April 10 , its attention was shifted to airfields on northern Formosa .


On May 1 , the British Pacific Fleet returned to action , subduing the airfields as before , this time with naval bombardment as well as aircraft .


However , this was not the end of ground combat in northern Okinawa .


Similarly , FDMA systems must use a guard band between adjacent channels , due to the unpredictable Doppler shift of the signal spectrum because of user mobility .


The ground advance began to resemble a World War I battlefield , as troops became mired in mud , and flooded roads greatly inhibited evacuation of wounded to the rear .


The official surrender ceremony was held on September 7 , near Kadena airfield .


Okinawa was the bloodiest battle of the Pacific War .


At sea , 368 Allied ships - including 120 amphibious craft - were damaged while another 36 - including 15 amphibious ships and 12 destroyers - were sunk during the Okinawa campaign .


Adoptionism denies the eternal pre-existence of Christ , and although it explicitly affirms his deity subsequent to events in his life , many classical trinitarians claim that the doctrine implicitly denies it by denying the constant hypostatic union of the eternal Logos to the human nature of Jesus .


In addition , the Battle of Alam el Halfa ( 30 August – 5 September 1942 ) was fought between both battles and in the same location .


The " Robert Recorde " symbol , which appears in every equation , was invented in 1557 by weighing scale , who considered that nothing could be more equal than parallel straight lines with the same length .


In the illustration , " x " , " y " and " z " are all different quantities ( in this case Cartesian coordinates ) represented as circular weights , and each of " x " , " y " , and " z " has a different weight .


The above transformations are the basis of most elementary methods for Gaussian elimination , as well as some less elementary one , like polynomial .


Under adoptionism Jesus is currently divine and has been since his adoption , although he is not equal to the Father , per " my Father is greater than I " ( ) .


The analytic geometry system transforms a geometric problem into an analysis problem , once the figures are transformed into equations ; thus the name Descartes .


Although it still uses equations to characterize figures , it also uses other sophisticated techniques such as linear algebra and Cartesian coordinate system .


One can use the same principle to specify the position of any point in three-spaceal René Descartes by the use of three Cartesian coordinates , which are the signed distances to three mutually perpendicular planes ( or , equivalently , by its perpendicular projection onto three mutually perpendicular lines ) .


In more technical language , they define an algebraic surface , lattice point , or more general object , and ask about the Hellenistic mathematicians on it .


Their name ( " Ebionaioi " , derived from Hebrew " ebyonim " , " ebionim " , meaning " the poor " or " poor ones " ) suggests that they placed a special value on voluntary poverty .


In practice , the policy meant that only limited independence of the satellite states ' communist parties was allowed and that no socialist country would be allowed to compromise the cohesiveness of the Eastern Bloc in any way .


That is , no country could leave the Warsaw Pact or disturb a ruling communist party 's monopoly on power .


Implicit in this doctrine was that the leadership of the Soviet Union reserved , for itself , the power to define " socialism " and " capitalism " .


Mikhail Gorbachev refused to use military force when Poland held free elections in 1989 and Solidarity defeated the Polish United Workers ' Party .


Spanish Adoptionism was a theological position which was articulated in Umayyad and Christian-held regions of the Iberian peninsula in the 8th and 9th centuries .


These reforms shocked the Hungarian Communist Party .


The Communist Party of the Soviet Union called for a peaceful coexistence , where the war between the United States and Soviet Union would come to a close .


While this idea was brought up following the events of Hungary , they were not put into effect for a great deal of time .


The previous president , Mohammed Daoud Khan was killed during the coup .


A third wave was the revived form ( " Neo-adoptionism " ) of Peter Abelard in the 12th century .


With that , the Soviet Union began to collapse .


While the communist agenda had caused infinite problems for other countries , it was the driving force behind the Soviet Union staying together .


It is important to distinguish the versions of ethical naturalism which have received the most sustained philosophical interest , for example , Cornell realism , from the position that " the way things are is always the way they ought to be " , which few ethical naturalists hold .


Ethical naturalism has been criticized most prominently by ethical non-naturalist G. E. Moore , who formulated the open-question argument .


Duns Scotus ( 1300 ) and Durandus of Saint-Pourçain ( 1320 ) admit the term " Filius adoptivus " in a qualified sense .


" Ballu tundu " or " ballu bardu " is a traditional Sardinian folk dance which is typically danced in a closed or open circle .


It is also a natural region mostly contained in the province of Nuoro and located alongside the Gennargentu massif .


One of the most important villages is Gavoi .


Orgosolo was famous for its bandits and kidnappers and typical murals .


A form of adoptionism surfaced in Unitarianism during the 18th century as denial of the virgin birth became increasingly common , led by the views of Joseph Priestley and others .


Another well known town is Fonni , the highest town in Sardinia at more than 1,000 meters above sea level .


Fonni is also the gateway to the Gennargentu mountain system .


Only his former teammate , Bruce McLaren , has since matched the achievement .


The concept of an acid-base reaction was first proposed in 1754 by Guillaume-François Rouelle , who introduced the word " base " into chemistry to mean a substance which reacts with an acid to give it solid form ( as a salt ) .


The team used the BT49 over four seasons .


With a better understanding of ground effect , the team further developed the BT49C for the 1981 season , incorporating a hydropneumatic suspension system to avoid ride height limitations intended to reduce downforce .


The 1992 season started with Eric van de Poele and Giovanna Amati after Akihiko Nakaya was denied a superlicense .


The car was entered again in 1966 , taking a third place for Jim McElreath .


The first scientific concept of acids and bases was provided by Lavoisier in around 1776 .


Gordon Murray devised a " hydropneumatic suspension " system for the BT49C , which allowed the car to settle to a much lower ride height at speed .


Driver Jacques Laffite was among those to claim that the cars were fitted with heavily ballasted bodywork before being weighed at scrutineering .


Boeing was quick to see the value of the name and had it trademarked for use .


As the war intensified , Boeing used feedback from aircrews to improve each new variant with increased armament and armor .


Since Lavoisier 's knowledge of strong acids was mainly restricted to oxoacids , such as ( nitric acid ) and ( sulfuric acid ) , which tend to contain central atoms in high oxidation states surrounded by oxygen , and since he was not aware of the true composition of the hydrohalic acids ( HF , HCl , HBr , and HI ) , he defined acids in terms of their containing " oxygen " , which in fact he named from Greek words meaning " acid-former " ( from the Greek οξυς ( " oxys " ) meaning " acid " or " sharp " and γεινομαι ( " geinomai " ) meaning " engender " ) .


It was the first manned vessel to reach the bottom of the Challenger Deep .


To withstand the enormous pressure of 1.25 metric tons per cm ( 110 MPa ) at the bottom of Challenger Deep , the sphere 's walls were thick ( it was overdesigned to withstand considerably more than the rated pressure ) .


On 23 January 1960 , she reached the ocean floor in the Challenger Deep ( the deepest southern part of the Mariana Trench ) , carrying Jacques Piccard and Don Walsh .


He is regarded as one of the most significant cultural icons of the 20th century and is often referred to as the " King of Rock and Roll " or simply " the King " .


The Lavoisier definition held for over 30 years , until the 1810 article and subsequent lectures by Sir Humphry Davy in which he proved the lack of oxygen in , HTe , and the hydrohalic acids .


In 1968 , following a seven-year break from live performances , he returned to the stage in the acclaimed television comeback special " Elvis " , which led to an extended Las Vegas concert residency and a string of highly profitable tours .


He was jailed for eight months , while Gladys and Elvis moved in with relatives .


A classmate later recalled that the teacher " agreed that Elvis was right when he said that she did n't appreciate his kind of singing " .


He adored the music of black gospel singer Sister Rosetta Tharpe .


One notable modification of oxygen theory was provided by Jöns Jacob Berzelius , who stated that acids are oxides of nonmetals while bases are oxides of metals .


Many of his future recordings were inspired by local African-American musicians such as Arthur Crudup and Rufus Thomas .


By the time he graduated from high school in June 1953 , Presley had already singled out music as his future .


Three days later , popular Memphis DJ Dewey Phillips played " That 's All Right " on his " Red , Hot , and Blue " show .


During the next few days , the trio recorded a bluegrass number , Bill Monroe 's " Blue Moon of Kentucky " , again in a distinctive style and employing a jury rigged echo effect that Sam Phillips dubbed " slapback " .


In 1838 , Justus von Liebig proposed that an acid is a hydrogen-containing compound whose hydrogen can be replaced by a metal .


Black , a natural showman , whooped and rode his bass , hitting double licks that Presley would later remember as " really a wild sound , like a jungle drum or something " .


The Shreveport-based show was broadcast to 198 radio stations in 28 states .


Soon after , he failed an audition for " Arthur Godfrey 's Talent Scouts " on the CBS television network .


By early 1955 , Presley 's regular " Hayride " appearances , constant touring , and well-received record releases had made him a regional star , from Tennessee to West Texas .


This redefinition was based on his extensive work on the chemical composition of organic acids , finishing the doctrinal shift from oxygen-based acids to hydrogen-based acids started by Davy .


The session produced the moody , unusual " Heartbreak Hotel " , released as a single on January 27 .


The sessions yielded eight songs , including a cover of Carl Perkins ' rockabilly anthem " Blue Suede Shoes " .


I 'm gonna show you what the real Elvis is like tonight .


The results , none officially released for 25 years , became known as the " Million Dollar Quartet " recordings .


The first modern definition of acids and bases in molecular terms was devised by Svante Arrhenius .


During a two-week leave in early June , he recorded five songs in Nashville .


Elvis ' singing was n't sexy , it was pornographic .


His first LP of sacred material , " His Hand in Mine " , followed two months later .


His forthcoming soundtrack album , " Speedway " , would rank at number 82 on the " Billboard " chart .


Similarly , compounds of group 15 elements with a formula DY , such as amines , NR , and phosphines , PR , can behave as Lewis bases .


Buoyed by the experience of the Comeback Special , Presley engaged in a prolific series of recording sessions at American Sound Studio , which led to the acclaimed " From Elvis in Memphis " .


Nonetheless , he was nervous : his only previous Las Vegas engagement , in 1956 , had been dismal .


A third followed his encore , " Ca n't Help Falling in Love " ( a song that would be his closing number for much of the 1970 s ) .


The biggest seller was " Elvis Sings the Wonderful World of Christmas " , " the truest statement of all " , according to Greil Marcus .


" Content-control software " , commonly referred to as an " Internet filter " , is software that restricts or controls the content an Internet user is capable to access , especially when utilised to restrict material delivered over the Internet via the Web , e-mail , or other means .


He is credited with playing piano on later albums such as " From Elvis in Memphis " and " Moody Blue " , and on " Unchained Melody " which was one of the last songs that he recorded .


Elvis played the back of his guitar on some of his hits such as " All Shook Up " , " Do n't Be Cruel " , and " ( Let Me Be Your ) Teddy Bear " , providing percussion by slapping the instrument to create a beat .


on his second LP to the blues of " Santa Claus Is Back in Town " .


The number five " She 's Not You " ( 1962 ) " integrates the Jordanaires so completely , it 's practically doo-wop " .


Some content-control software includes time control functions that empowers parents to set the amount of time that child may spend accessing the Internet or playing games or other computer activities .


Let 's face it : I ca n't sing like Fats Domino can .


" He was once beautiful , astonishingly beautiful " , according to critic Mark Feeney .


Writing in 1970 , critic George Melly described him as " the master of the sexual simile , treating his guitar as both phallus and girl " .


She and Priscilla Presley have a love for horses and have formed a special friendship .


In Cuba , if a computer user at a government-controlled Internet cafe types certain words , the word processor or web browser is automatically closed , and a " state security " warning is given .


The Discovery Channel placed him No. " 8 on its " Greatest American " list in 2005 .


" John Lennon said that " Nothing really affected me until Elvis .


After initial manoeuvring in late July , battle was offered near Bouvines on 27 July .


Industry research company Gartner uses " secure web gateway " ( SWG ) to describe the market segment .


On 23 July , having summoned his vassals , Philip had an army consisting of 6,000 to 8,000 soldiers .


William the Breton also says in his chronicle that " the two lines of combatants were separated by a small space " .


The battle opened with an attack by 150 light cavalrymen from the Abbey of Saint-Médard de Soissons against the Flemish knights on the allied left , aiming to throw it into confusion .


The Flemish knights easily drove off the unarmoured horsemen .


Another example was the filtering of Horniman Museum .


In 1914 , to mark the seventh centenary , Félix Dehau had the parish church of Bouvines rebuilt with a number of stained-glass windows representing the history of the battle .


Afterward he moved to Egypt to start a long-term romance with Cleopatra , becoming Caesarion 's " de facto " stepfather .


He hoped that it might regard him as its champion against the ambition of Octavian , whom he presumed would not be willing to abandon his position in a similar manner .


Octavian kept up his strategic preparations .


Whenever new information is uploaded to the Internet , filters can under block , or under-censor , content if the parties responsible for maintaining the filters do not update them quickly and accurately , and a blacklisting rather than a whitelisting filtering policy is in place .


Cleopatra now advised that garrisons be put into strong towns and that the main fleet return to Alexandria .


Octavian learned of this and debated how to prevent it .


And many of his ships were undermanned with rowing crews ; there had been a severe malaria outbreak while they were waiting for Octavian 's fleet to arrive .


Then , should Octavian 's ships approach his , the sea would push them into the shore .


The governments of countries such as the People 's Republic of China , and Cuba are current examples of countries in which this ethically controversial activity is alleged to have taken place .


This left a hole in the middle of Octavian 's formation .


With the end of the battle , Octavian exerted himself to save the crews of the burning vessels and spent the whole night on board .


At Samos Octavian received a message from Cleopatra with the present of a gold crown and throne , offering to abdicate in favor of her sons .


She was allowed to believe that she would be well treated , for Octavian was anxious to secure her for his triumph .


Part of the civil liberties argument , especially from groups like the Electronic Frontier Foundation , was that parents who wanted to block sites could use their own content-filtering software , making government involvement unnecessary .


Failing to escape by ship , he stabbed himself in the stomach upon mistakenly believing false rumours propagated by Cleopatra claiming that she had committed suicide .


His brother Ted Raimi was used as a " fake shemp " in many scenes when the original actor was either busy or preoccupied .


The premiere setup was inspired by horror director William Castle , who would often attempt to scare his audiences by using gimmicks .


CYBERsitter blocks out sites like National Organization for Women .


In a 1982 review , staff from the trade magazine " Variety " wrote that the film " emerges as the " nec plus ultra " of low-budget gore and shock effect " , commenting that the " powerful " and inventive camerawork was key to creating a sense of dread .


A video game adaptation of the same name was for the Commodore 64 in 1984 , as was a trilogy of survival horror games in the 1990 s and early 2000 s : " Evil Dead : Hail to the King " , " Evil Dead : A Fistful of Boomstick " and " Evil Dead : Regeneration " .


This is similar to the equi-marginal principle developed by Alfred Marshall .


According to Israel Kirzner ( 1973 ) and Don Lavoie ( 1985 ) , entrepreneurs reap profits by supplying unfulfilled needs in all markets .


It employs HTML metadata tags embedded within web page documents to specify the type of content contained in the document .


Economist Joan Robinson also argued that many prices in modern capitalism are effectively " administered prices " created by " quasi monopolies " , thus challenging the connection between capital markets and rational resource allocation .


The economist Robin Hahnel has argued that free markets are in fact systematically inefficient because externalities are pervasive and because real-world markets are rarely truly competitive or in equilibrium .


In some economic models , finding an equilibrium is hard and finding an Arrow–Debreu equilibrium is PPAD-complete .


Don Lavoie makes the same point in reverse .


Wood supposedly bypassed the $ 84 million filter in about half an hour to highlight problems with the government 's approach to Internet content filtering .


Likewise , old records from Sri Lanka are highly questionable and remain unconfirmed .


Elsewhere the species has been introduced to Colombia and Malaysia .


Zebrafish spawn best in the morning due to their Circadian rhythms .


The zebra danio was also used to make genetically modified fish and were the first species to be sold as GloFish ( fluorescent colored fish ) .


An encrypted VPN can be used as means of bypassing content control software , especially if the content control software is installed on an Internet gateway or firewall .


The fluorescent strains are tradenamed GloFish ; other cultivated varieties include " golden " , " sandy " , " longfin " and " leopard " .


Its importance has been consolidated by successful large-scale forward genetic screens ( commonly referred to as the Tübingen / Boston screens ) .


In 2011 , the British Heart Foundation ran an advertising campaign publicising its intention to study the applicability of this ability to humans , stating that it aimed to raise £ 50 million in research funding .


Zebrafish have also been found to regenerate photoreceptor cells and retinal neurons following injury , which has been shown to be mediated by the dedifferentiation and proliferation of Müller glia .


Over the centuries this monastery played an important role in shaping Portuguese culture .


A common reverse genetics technique is to reduce gene expression or modify splicing using Morpholino antisense technology .


Guidelines for using Morpholinos in zebrafish describe appropriate control strategies .


Despite the complications of the zebrafish genome , a number of commercially available global platforms exist for analysis of both gene expression by microarrays and promoter regulation using ChIP-on-chip .


To the south is the city of Caldas da Rainha and the medieval town of Óbidos .


In 2015 , researchers at Brown University discovered that 10 % of zebrafish genes do not need to rely on the U2AF2 protein to initiate RNA splicing .


In 2007 , researchers at University College London grew a type of zebrafish adult stem cell found in the eyes of fish and mammals that develops into neurons in the retina .


The researchers studied Müller glial cells in the eyes of humans aged from 18 months to 91 years , and were able to develop them into all types of retinal neurons .


He obtained his medical education at the University of Edinburgh Medical School ; whether he ever obtained the formal degree of MD is not known .


Also to the northeast is the town of Porto de Mós with its rebuilt castle .


The Italian army then occupied the Tigrayan capital , Adwa .


The Italians were then forced to withdraw to more defensible positions in Tigray Province , where the two main armies faced each other .


He opened the meeting on a negative note , revealing to his brigadiers that provisions would be exhausted in less than five days , and suggested retreating , perhaps as far back as Asmara .


He accordingly estimates that the Italian force at Adwa consisted of 14,923 effective combat troops .


To the south is Caldas da Rainha and the quaint medieval town of Óbidos that is an attraction for any tourists that enjoys a true glimpse of the past .


On the night of 29 February and the early morning of 1 March , three Italian brigades advanced separately towards Adwa over narrow mountain tracks , while a fourth remained camped .


David Levering Lewis states that the Italian battle plan : However , the three leading Italian brigades had become separated during their overnight march and by dawn were spread across several miles of very difficult terrain .


The Emperor summoned the separate armies of his nobles and with the Empress Taytu beside him , ordered his forces forward .


Two companies of Bersaglieri who arrived at the same moment could not help and were cut down .


Also to the south is the town of Porto de Mós with its fanciful rebuilt castle .


By noon , the survivors of the Italian army were in full retreat and the main battle was over .


The Italians suffered about 6,000 killed and 1,500 wounded in the battle and subsequent retreat back into Eritrea , with 3,000 taken prisoner .


In their flight to Eritrea , the Italians left behind all of their artillery and 11,000 rifles , as well as most of their transport .


Women dress up in different patterns of handcrafted traditional Ethiopian clothing , known in Amharic as Habesha kemis .


A " chambered cairn " is a burial monument , usually constructed during the Neolithic , consisting of a sizeable ( usually stone ) chamber around and over which a cairn of stones was constructed .


It is named after the Ediacara Hills of South Australia .


The C-isotope chemostratigraphic characteristics obtained for contemporaneous cap carbonates in different parts of the world may be variable in a wide range owing to different degrees of secondary alteration of carbonates , dissimilar criteria used for selection of the least altered samples , and , as far as the C-isotope data are concerned , due to primary lateral variations of δ C in the upper layer of the ocean .


Also , the Shuram excursion is prolonged and is estimated to last for ~ 9.0 Myrs .


The base age of approximately 635 million years is based on U–Pb ( uranium–lead ) isochron dating from Namibia and China .


They are found throughout Britain and Ireland , with the largest number in Scotland .


Ediacara biota bear little resemblance to modern lifeforms , and their relationship even with the immediately following lifeforms of the Cambrian explosion is rather difficult to interpret .


More than 100 genera have been described , and well known forms include " Arkarua " , " Charnia " , " Dickinsonia " , " Ediacaria " , " Marywadea " , " Cephalonega " , " Pteridinium " , and " Yorgia " .


A system can transition from one state of minimal energy to the other if it is given enough activation energy to penetrate the barrier ( compare activation energy and Arrhenius equation for the chemical case ) .


In mathematical logic , there are two quantifiers , " some " and " all " , though as Brentano ( 1838 – 1917 ) pointed out , we can make do with just one quantifier and negation .


Scotland has a particularly large number of chambered cairns ; they are found in various different types described below .


However , this argument may be inverted by realists in arguing that since the sentence " Socrates is wise " can be rewritten as " Socrates has wisdom " , this proves the existence of a hidden referent for " wise " .


In polls , potential voters identified Fred Thompson as a " law and order " candidate .


The sentences " Socrates is not bald " and " it is not the case that Socrates is bald " both appear to have the same meaning , and they both appear to assert or presuppose the existence of someone ( Socrates ) who is not bald , so that negation takes a narrow scope .


According to the direct-reference view , an early version of which was originally proposed by Bertrand Russell , and perhaps earlier by Gottlob Frege , a proper name strictly has no meaning when there is no object to which it refers .


Along with the excavations of settlements such as Skara Brae , Links of Noltland , Barnhouse , Rinyo and Balfarg and the complex site at Ness of Brodgar these cairns provide important clues to the character of civilization in Scotland in the Neolithic .


" Pegasus flies " implies existence in the wide sense , for it implies that " something " flies .


On 21 October 2015 , education minister Simon Birmingham told a senate committee the offered funding had been withdrawn .


In response to this , another group of Danish scientists collected over 600 signatures , primarily from the medical and natural sciences community , to support the continued existence of the DCSD and presented their petition to the DRA .


It involves inflation rising as real gross domestic product rises and unemployment falls , as the economy moves along the Phillips curve .


They first were identified as a separate group in the Firth of Clyde region , hence the name .


The main town and administrative centre is Bandanaira , located on the island of the same name .


They were sold by Arab traders to the Venetians for exorbitant prices .


On his first visit , he interviewed the Portuguese and the far more knowledgeable Malay sailors in Malacca .


Some of these textiles were then on-sold , ending up in Halmahera and New Guinea .


Over 100 have been identified in Scotland alone .


On 22 May , before building of the fort had started , the " orang kaya " called a meeting with the Dutch admiral , purportedly to negotiate prices .


Japanese mercenaries served in the Dutch forces .


The islanders were tortured and their villages destroyed by the Dutch .


The Dutch carved 68 parcels out of the islands after the enslavement and slaughter of the natives .


They are generally considered to be the earliest in Scotland .


The squadron took a circuitous route to avoid alerting the Dutch .


Use of best practices eases compliance with requirements such as IFRS , Sarbanes-Oxley , or Basel II .


This may require migrating some business units before others , delaying implementation to work through the necessary changes for each unit , possibly reducing integration ( e.g. , linking via Master data management ) or customizing the system to meet specific needs .


Other educational organizations that focus on one or more endocrine-related conditions include the American Diabetes Association , Human Growth Foundation , American Menopause Foundation , Inc. , and Thyroid Foundation of America .


The number of these compartments ranges from 4 in the earliest examples to over 24 in an extreme example on Orkney .


In 1902 William Bayliss and Ernest Starling performed an experiment in which they observed that acid instilled into the duodenum caused the pancreas to begin secretion , even after they had removed all nervous connections between the two .


The Broncos have achieved four minor premierships during their 29 years in multiple competitions , making them Rugby League 's most successful club over the past three decades .


Until 2015 , Brisbane had never been defeated in a grand final , and since 1991 , have only failed to qualify for the finals twice .


They are one of the most successful clubs in the National Rugby League since it began in 1998 , winning three premierships ( second only to the Sydney Roosters ' four ) .


It is likely that these are the result of cultural influences from mainland Europe , as they are similar to designs found in France and Spain .


Since the club 's founding , Brisbane has never finished last in the competition and obtained the wooden spoon .


The original club logo was first featured in the Broncos ' inaugural season in the premiership in 1988 and was used until 1999 .


In 2000 , the club adopted a new logo with a more maroon design , which was much closer to the traditional colour associated with Queensland rugby league and Queensland sport in general .


" In 2001 , following the release of the club 's predominantly white with navy-blue and maroon away jersey , the National Rugby League ordered the club to produce a third jersey since the new away jersey clashed with the home jerseys of the Penrith Panthers , Melbourne Storm and New Zealand Warriors .


Examples include Midhowe on Rousay and Unstan Chambered Cairn from the Orkney Mainland , both of which date from the mid 4th millennium BC and were probably in use over long periods of time .


This is marginally less ( 0.01 % ) than first placed Melbourne Storm .


The club 's biggest winning margin is 65 points , achieved in 2007 in a 71 – 6 victory over the Newcastle Knights .


Their heaviest defeat is a 59 – 0 loss by the Sydney Roosters on 4 June 2020 .


Cushing 's disease and Addison 's disease are pathologies involving the dysfunction of the adrenal gland .


When the latter was excavated in 1884 , grave goods were found that gave their name to Unstan ware pottery .


Graves ' disease involves the hyperactivity of the thyroid gland which produces the T3 and T4 hormones .


Here one considers the matrix , which is the Markov transition matrix of the graph " G " .


For not necessarily regular graphs , the spectrum of a graph can be defined similarly using the eigenvalues of the Laplacian matrix .


Noga Alon showed that certain graphs constructed from finite geometries are the sparsest examples of highly expanding graphs .


Blackhammer cairn on Rousay is another example dating from the 3rd millennium BC .


Port Adelaide had finished on top of the ladder and hosted the other preliminary final in Adelaide .


Their opponents , Port Adelaide , playing in their first ever grand final , were too good on the day and recorded a 40-point win .


However this was followed by a series of losses in the pre-season to Essendon , Melbourne and Richmond .


Their season ended with a 51-point loss to the Western Bulldogs .


2700 BC , there are various other examples from the Orkney Mainland .


Injuries were beginning to take a toll , with young players Claye Beams and Jared Polec suffering severe injuries .


On 13 August 2013 , coach Michael Voss was told that his contract would not be renewed .


Along with the retirement of Ashley McGrath in August 2014 , no active players remain from any of the club 's triple-premiership winning sides .


The two teams contest the " QClash " twice each season .


Like the Shetland cairn the Hebridean group appear relatively late in the Neolithic .


Bloody Sunday came to be regarded as one of the most significant events of the Troubles , because many civilians were killed by forces of the state , in full view of the public and the press .


He gave orders to Lieutenant Colonel Derek Wilford , commander of 1 Para. He in turn gave orders to Major Ted Loden , who commanded the company who launched the arrest operation .


Lord Widgery , in his now discredited tribunal , said that there were only 3,000 to 5,000 .


Two Protestant civilians were shot dead and others wounded by the paratroopers , who claimed they were returning fire at loyalist gunmen .


They are largely found in the Outer Hebrides , although a mixture of cairn types are found here .


In the event , one man was witnessed by Father Edward Daly and others haphazardly firing a revolver in the direction of the paratroopers .


Relatives of the Bloody Sunday victims expressed feelings of devastation that only one soldier would face trial for the killings .


on the loyalist side ) , the Troubles cost the lives of thousands of people .


The display of the flags was heavily criticised by nationalist politicians and relatives of the Bloody Sunday dead .


The Rubha an Dùnain peninsula on the island of Skye provides an example from the 2nd or 3rd millennium BC .


He is also called the second " Apostle of the Prussians " .


His use of African rhythms and a signature beat , a simple five-accent hambone rhythm , is a cornerstone of hip hop , rock , and pop music .


During the summers of 1943 and 1944 , he played at the Maxwell Street market in a band with Earl Hooker .


When someone on the show 's staff overheard him casually singing " Sixteen Tons " in the dressing room , he was asked to perform the song on the show .


, in January 1977 , and sales of its computers , including the Apple II , grew quickly .


One scholar found this rhythm in 13 rhythm and blues recordings made in the years 1944 – 55 , including two by Johnny Otis from 1948 .


Modern humans are known to have inhabited the area during the Upper Paleolithic period , though permanent settlements were only established within the last 6,000 years .


Roughly 11,000 " years ago , when the ice sheets began to recede , humans repopulated the area ; genetic research suggests they came from the northern part of the Iberian Peninsula .


As the seas rose , it was separated from Ireland 10,000 " years ago and from Eurasia two millennia later .


The Apple I was sold as a motherboard with CPU , RAM , and basic textual-video chips - a base kit concept which would not yet be marketed as a complete personal computer .


It was during this time that major Neolithic monuments such as Stonehenge and Avebury were constructed .


By heating together tin and copper , which were in abundance in the area , the Beaker culture people made bronze , and later iron from iron ores .


Brythonic was the spoken language during this time .


Society was tribal ; according to Ptolemy 's " Geographia " there were around 20 tribes in the area .


It differs from its major rivals , the TRS-80 and Commodore PET , because of its character cell-based color graphics and open architecture .


During the settlement period the lands ruled by the incomers seem to have been fragmented into numerous tribal territories , but by the 7th century , when substantial evidence of the situation again becomes available , these had coalesced into roughly a dozen kingdoms including Northumbria , Mercia , Wessex , East Anglia , Essex , Kent and Sussex .


The 7th century saw a struggle for hegemony between Northumbria and Mercia , which in the 8th century gave way to Mercian preeminence .


In the early 9th century Mercia was displaced as the foremost kingdom by Wessex .


Wessex under Alfred the Great was left as the only surviving English kingdom , and under his successors , it steadily expanded at the expense of the kingdoms of the Danelaw .


While early Apple II models use ordinary cassette tapes as storage devices , they were superseded by the introduction of a - inch floppy disk drive and interface called the Disk II in 1978 .


After the Glorious Revolution of 1688 , it was constitutionally established that King and Parliament should rule together , though Parliament would have the real power .


Among the statutes set down were that the law could only be made by Parliament and could not be suspended by the King , also that the King could not impose taxes or raise an army without the prior approval of Parliament .


With the founding of the Royal Society in 1660 , science was greatly encouraged .


The Napoleonic Wars fostered a concept of Britishness and a united national British people , shared with the Scots and Welsh .


The Apple II was chosen to be the desktop platform for the first " killer application " of the business world : VisiCalc , a spreadsheet program released in 1979 .


Combined , these changes prompted the reform of local government in England in the mid-20 th century .


Devolution has stimulated a greater emphasis on a more English-specific identity and patriotism .


It was created in 2009 after constitutional changes , taking over the judicial functions of the House of Lords .


The prison population doubled over the same period , giving it one of highest incarceration rate in Western Europe at 147 per 100,000 .


39 per share when adjusting for stock splits ) , generating over $ 100 " million , which was more capital than any IPO since Ford Motor Company in 1956 .


London accepted in 1998 : the London Assembly was created two years later .


However , when the proposal was rejected by the 2004 North East England devolution referendum in the North East , further referendums were cancelled .


It is separated from France ( Hauts-de-France ) by a sea gap , though the two countries are connected by the Channel Tunnel near Folkestone .


The ports of London , Liverpool , and Newcastle lie on the tidal rivers Thames , Mersey and Tyne respectively .


Its debut was signified by " 1984 " , a $ 1.5 " million television advertisement directed by Ridley Scott that aired during the third quarter of Super Bowl XVIII on January 22 , 1984 .


There are karst landscapes in calcite areas such as parts of Yorkshire and Derbyshire .


They contain two national parks , the Yorkshire Dales and the Peak District .


The coldest months are January and February , the latter particularly on the English coast , while July is normally the warmest month .


while the lowest was on 10 January 1982 in Edgmond , Shropshire .


Macintosh sales were initially good , but began to taper off dramatically after the first three months due to its high price , slow speed , and limited range of available software .


Taxation in England is quite competitive when compared to much of the rest of Europe – the basic rate of personal tax is 20 % on taxable income up to £ 31,865 above the personal tax-free allowance ( normally £ 10,000 ) , and 40 % on any additional earnings above that amount .


London is the largest financial centre in Europe , and is the second largest in the world .


Manchester is the largest financial and professional services sector outside London and is the mid tier private equity capital of Europe as well as one of the growing technology hubs of Europe .


Originally established as private banker to the government of England , since 1946 it has been a state-owned institution .


The outlook on Macintosh improved with the introduction of the LaserWriter , the first reasonably priced PostScript laser printer , and PageMaker , an early desktop publishing application released in July 1985 .


The company builds the buses – the underlying structure onto which the payload and propulsion systems are built – for most of the European Space Agency 's spacecraft , as well as commercial satellites .


Some experts claim that the earliest concept of a metric system was invented by John Wilkins , the first secretary of the Royal Society , in 1668 .


High Speed 2 , a new high-speed north-south railway line , projected in 2015 to cost £ 56 billion , but estimated in 2020 to be almost double that figure , is to start being built in 2020 .


The largest airport is Heathrow , which is the world 's busiest airport measured by number of international passengers .


It has been suggested that the combination of Macintosh , LaserWriter , and PageMaker was responsible for the creation of the desktop publishing market .


Government commitments to reduce emissions are occurring against a backdrop of economic crisis across Europe .


With a density of 424 people per square kilometre , it would be the second most densely populated country in the European Union after Malta .


However , other geneticists place the Germanic estimate up to half .


Over time , various cultures have been influential : Prehistoric , Brythonic , Roman , Anglo-Saxon , Viking ( North Germanic ) , Gaelic cultures , as well as a large influence from Normans .


Selling Macintosh at such high profit margins was only possible because of its dominant position in the desktop publishing market .


The ONS has projected that the population will grow by nine million between 2014 and 2039 .


Modern English has extended this custom of flexibility when it comes to incorporating words from different languages .


It is spoken by 0.1 % of people in Cornwall , and is taught to some degree in several primary and secondary schools .


The church regards itself as both Catholic and Protestant .


This policy began to backfire in the last years of the decade as new desktop publishing programs appeared on PC clones that offered some or much of the same functionality of the Macintosh but at far lower price points .


It gained popularity in the mill towns of Lancashire and Yorkshire , and amongst tin miners in Cornwall .


There are other non-conformist minorities , such as Baptists , Quakers , Congregationalists , Unitarians and The Salvation Army .


State-run and state-funded schools are attended by approximately 93 % of English schoolchildren .


Around 7.2 per cent of English schoolchildren attend private schools , which are funded by private sources .


The magazine " MacAddict " named the period between 1989 and 1991 as the " first golden age " of the Macintosh .


Some English students study an apprenticeship to learn skilled trades and pursue T-levels to progress towards skilled employment , further study or a higher apprenticeship .


Many ancient standing stone monuments were erected during the prehistoric period ; amongst the best known are Stonehenge , Devil 's Arrows , Rudston Monolith and Castlerigg .


Some of the best-known medieval castles are the Tower of London , Warwick Castle , Durham Castle and Windsor Castle .


Expanding on the Norman base there was also castles , palaces , great houses , universities and parish churches .


The Apple IIe was discontinued in 1993 .


Lancashire hotpot is a well-known stew originating in the northwest .


Many Anglo-Indian hybrid dishes , curries , have been created , such as chicken tikka masala and balti .


Traditional English dessert dishes include apple pie or other fruit pies ; spotted dick – all generally served with custard ; and , more recently , sticky toffee pudding .


Sweet pastries include scones ( either plain or containing dried fruit ) served with jam or cream , dried fruit loaves , Eccles cakes and mince pies as well as a wide range of sweet or spiced biscuits .


These were the high-end Quadra , the mid-range Centris line , and the consumer-marketed Performa series .


The earliest known examples are the prehistoric rock and cave art pieces , most prominent in North Yorkshire , Northumberland and Cumbria , but also feature further south , for example at Creswell Crags .


With the arrival of Roman culture in the 1st century , various forms of art such as statues , busts , glasswork and mosaics were the norm .


There are numerous surviving artefacts , such as those at Lullingstone and Aldborough .


Some of these blended Gaelic and Anglian styles , such as the Lindisfarne Gospels and Vespasian Psalter .


Enormous resources were also invested in the problem-plagued Newton division based on John Sculley 's unrealistic market forecasts .


Empiricism continued through John Stuart Mill and Bertrand Russell , while Bernard Williams was involved in analytics .


The traditional folk music of England is centuries old and has contributed to several genres prominently ; mostly sea shanties , jigs , hornpipes and dance music .


Early English composers in classical music include Renaissance artists Thomas Tallis and William Byrd , followed up by Henry Purcell from the Baroque period .