In that regard , the differences between the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox communions have not been improved in any relevant way .


The Oriental Orthodox churches are not in communion with the Eastern Orthodox Church , despite their similar names .


Slow dialogue towards restoring communion between the two churches began in the mid-20 th century , and , notably , in the 19th century , when the Greek Patriarch in Egypt had to absent himself from the country for a long period of time ; he left his church under the guidance of the Coptic Pope Cyril IV of Alexandria .


In Russia , Metropolitan Alfeyev stated belief in the possibility of peaceful coexistence between Islam and Christianity as the two religions have never had religious wars in Russia .


Most C64s in Europe shipped with a cardboard RF shield , coated with a layer of metal foil .


The primate may carry the honorary title of patriarch , metropolitan ( in the Slavic tradition ) or archbishop ( in the Greek tradition ) .


Below is a list of the 14 autocephalous Orthodox churches forming the main body of Orthodox Christianity , all of which are titled equal to each other , but the Ecumenical Patriarchate is titled the " first among equals " .


He lived finally in Constantinople from 338 up to his death .


With the exception of a short period of eclipse , he enjoyed the confidence both of Constantine and Constantius II .


In 1986 , Commodore released the last revision to the classic C64 motherboard .


he was sent into exile due to his continual contacts with Arius and his followers .


After his return in 329 he brought the whole machinery of the state government into action in order to impose his views upon the Church .


He brought Ulfilas into the Arian priesthood and sent the latter to convert the heathen Goths .


The Madagascar bamboo " Cathariostachys madagascariensis " produces cyanide as a deterrent to grazing .


The C64 used an external power supply , a conventional transformer with multiple tappings ( as opposed to switch mode , the type now used on PC power supplies ) .


The Nernst equation explains this process .


The most common are calcite or calcium carbonate , CaCO , the chief constituent of limestone ( as well as the main component of mollusc shells and coral skeletons ) ; dolomite , a calcium-magnesium carbonate CaMg ( CO ) ; and siderite , or iron ( II ) carbonate , FeCO , an important iron ore .


Carbonates are widely used in industry , e.g. in iron smelting , as a raw material for Portland cement and lime manufacture , in the composition of ceramic glazes , and more .


Groundwater may have existed at Gusev and Meridiani Planum .


Commodore power supplies often failed before expected .


The few fresh water ponds of the city were put to use , and a network of canals and underground wooden pipes bringing freshwater from the western side of the city and the Tama River was built .


The city was laid out as a castle town around Edo Castle , which was positioned at the tip of the Musashino terrace .


This area , Shitamachi ( 下町 , " lower town " or " lower towns " ) , was the center of urban and merchant culture .


Shippers managed ships known as " tarubune " to and from Osaka and other cities , bringing goods into the city or transferring them from sea routes to river barges or land routes .


To prevent the user from making this damaging mistake , Commodore changed the plug design on 250407 motherboards to a 3-pin connector in 1984 .


For example , Wilkinson 's catalyst RhCl ( PPh ) loses one triphenylphosphine ligand before entering the true catalytic cycle .


For example , in the Haber process , finely divided iron serves as a catalyst for the synthesis of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen .


With regard to synthetic fuels , an old but still important process is the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis of hydrocarbons from synthesis gas , which itself is processed via water-gas shift reactions , catalysed by iron. Biodiesel and related biofuels require processing via both inorganic and biocatalysts .


The largest-scale example is ammonia , which is prepared via the Haber process from nitrogen .


Commodore later changed the design yet again , omitting the resin gel in order to reduce costs .


Most carbonylation processes require metal catalysts , examples include the Monsanto acetic acid process and hydroformylation .


The last such calculation was performed in 1630 by Christoph Grienberger who used polygons with 10 sides .


They brought in producers Fred Weintraub and Paul Heller .


Argentinian musician Lalo Schifrin composed the film 's musical score .


The follow-on model , the Commodore 128 , used a larger , improved power supply that included a fuse .


Several clips from the film are comically used during the theatre scene in " The Last Dragon " .


" Street Fighter " went on to set the template for all fighting games that followed .


It was announced in September 2014 that Spike Lee would work on the remake .


More specifically , the continuum hypothesis / assumption hinges on the concepts of a representative elementary volume and separation of scales based on the Hill–Mandel condition .


The power supply that came with the Commodore REU was similar to that of the Commodore 128 's unit , providing an upgrade for customers who purchased that accessory .


For example , experiments in the Lincoln Tunnel found that a good fit ( except at low density ) is obtained by ( km/h r for density in cars / km ) .


Continuum mechanics models begin by assigning a region in three-dimensional Euclidean space to the material body being modeled .


Different " configurations " or states of the body correspond to different regions in Euclidean space .


" Surface forces " or " contact forces " , expressed as force per unit area , can act either on the bounding surface of the body , as a result of mechanical contact with other bodies , or on imaginary internal surfaces that bound portions of the body , as a result of the mechanical interaction between the parts of the body to either side of the surface ( Euler-Cauchy 's stress principle ) .


The is used to supply power via a charge pump to the SID sound generator chip , provide via a rectifier to the cassette motor , a " 0 " pulse for every positive half wave to the time-of-day ( TOD ) input on the CIA chips , and directly to the user-port .


In the continuum mechanics of solids , the second law of thermodynamics is satisfied if the Clausius–Duhem form of the entropy inequality is satisfied .


In the above equations is the mass density ( current ) , is the material time derivative of , is the particle velocity , is the material time derivative of , is the Cauchy stress tensor , is the body force density , is the internal energy per unit mass , is the material time derivative of , is the heat flux vector , and is an energy source per unit mass .


The Clausius–Duhem inequality can be used to express the second law of thermodynamics for elastic-plastic materials .


The term " exothermic " was first coined by Marcellin Berthelot .


Designed by Jeri Ellsworth , a self-taught computer designer who had earlier designed the modern C-One C64 implementation , the C64DTV was similar in concept to other mini-consoles based on the Atari 2600 and Intellivision , which had gained modest success earlier in the decade .


In most nations , such as the United States , India , and Singapore , constitutional law is based on the text of a document ratified at the time the nation came into being .


Other constitutions , notably that of the United Kingdom , rely heavily on unwritten rules known as constitutional conventions ; their status within constitutional law varies , and the terms of conventions are in some cases strongly contested .


Most jurisdictions , like the United States and France , have a codified constitution , with a bill of rights .


The first and the second are harmonised in traditional Westminster forms of government .


The motherboard itself is designed to be placed in an empty C64 or C64C case already owned by the user .


By 1692 , his repeated flouting of East India Company regulations and growing embarrassment at his illegal profiteering resulted in his being relieved of the post of governor .


In September 1688 , the Mughal Emperor Aurangazeb took Golconda after a prolonged battle .


Aurangazeb guaranteed the independence of Madras , but in return demanded that the English supply troops in the event of a war against the Marathas .


The motherboard contains several innovations , including selection via the RESTORE key of multiple KERNAL and character ROMs , built-in reset toggle on the power switch , and an S-video socket to replace the original TV modulator .


Today , they are restricted to the northwestern fringe of Europe and a few diaspora communities .


Welsh is an official language in Wales and Irish is an official language of Ireland and of the European Union .


The Cornish and Manx languages went extinct in modern times .


There are a number of extinct but attested continental Celtic languages , such as Celtiberian , Galatian and Gaulish .


As of 2008 , C64 enthusiasts still develop new hardware , including Ethernet cards , specially adapted hard disks and flash card interfaces ( sd2iec ) .


In the United States , children 's economic security is indicated by the income level and employment security of their families or organizations .


Economic security has been proposed as a key determinant of international relations , particularly in the geopolitics of petroleum in American foreign policy after September 11 , 2001 .


Papilio butterflies possess six types of photoreceptors and may have pentachromatic vision .


Although Aristotle and other ancient scientists had already written on the nature of light and color vision , it was not until Newton that light was identified as the source of the color sensation .


An iPhone app was also released with a compilation of C64 ports .


Afterimage effects have also been utilized by artists , including Vincent van Gogh .


In the 1969 study " Basic Color Terms : Their Universality and Evolution " , Brent Berlin and Paul Kay describe a pattern in naming " basic " colors ( like " red " but not " red-orange " or " dark red " or " blood red " , which are " shades " of red ) .


The CIE chromaticity diagram can be used to describe the gamut .


Philosophers such as Jerry Fodor have suggested various accounts of computation with the restriction that semantic content be a necessary condition for computation ( that is , what differentiates an arbitrary physical system from a computing system is that the operands of the computation represent something ) .


" Cartography " ( ; from Greek χάρτης " chartēs " , " papyrus , sheet of paper , map " ; and γράφειν " graphein " , " write " ) is the study and practice of making maps .


EDGE is standardized also by 3GPP as part of the GSM family .


Through the introduction of sophisticated methods of coding and transmitting data , EDGE delivers higher bit-rates per radio channel , resulting in a threefold increase in capacity and performance compared with an ordinary GSM / GPRS connection .


EDGE / EGPRS is implemented as a bolt-on enhancement for 2.5 G GSM / GPRS networks , making it easier for existing GSM carriers to upgrade to it .


EDGE requires no hardware or software changes to be made in GSM core networks .


The oldest surviving world maps are from 9th century BCE Babylonia .


This effectively triples the gross data rate offered by GSM .


EDGE , like GPRS , uses a rate adaptation algorithm that adapts the modulation and coding scheme ( MCS ) according to the quality of the radio channel , and thus the bit rate and robustness of data transmission .


Mobile operators have invested billions in GSM networks , many of which are already capable of supporting EDGE data speeds up to 236.8 kbit / s .


as of May 2013 , there were 604 GSM / EDGE networks in 213 countries , from a total of 606 mobile network operator commitments in 213 countries .


Another depicts Babylon as being north of the center of the world .


In alphabet , " ð " is not assigned to any particular phoneme and appears mostly for etymological reasons ; however , it does show where most of the Faroese Olav Jakobsen Høyem are ; when " ð " appears before " r " , it is , in a few words , pronounced .


The Faroese and alt code have a dedicated button for eth .


Using the Chrome OS ( " multi key " ) which is popular on [ [ Linux ] ] , eth can be typed by typing for lowercase or for capital letters .


It is about east-southeast of Valenciennes .


In the 2nd century CE , Ptolemy wrote his treatise on cartography , Geographia .


The Bozo Show " premiered in 1960 and appeared nationally on cable television in 1978 .


Clowns of America International ( established 1984 ) and World Clown Association ( established 1987 ) are associations of semi-professionals and professional performers .


Prime examples of this type of clown are the circus tramps Otto Griebling and Emmett Kelly .


Red Skelton , Harold Lloyd , Buster Keaton , Charlie Chaplin and Sacha Baron Cohen would all fit the definition of a character clown .


This contained Ptolemy 's world map – the world then known to Western society " ( Ecumene ) " .


" Coffea " species are shrubs or small trees native to tropical and southern Africa and tropical Asia .


Several insect pests affect coffee production , including the coffee borer beetle ( " Hypothenemus hampei " ) and the coffee leafminer ( " Leucoptera caffeina " ) .


Coffee is used as a food plant by the larvae of some Lepidoptera ( butterfly and moth ) species , " Dalcera abrasa " , turnip moth and some members of the genus " Endoclita " , including " E. damor " and " E. malabaricus " .


In 2008 , two new species were discovered in Cameroon .


In ancient China , geographical literature dates to the 5th century BCE .


The pre-1990 peak volume recorded at Hīt was per second , while after 1990 it is only per second .


The minimum volume at Hīt remained relatively unchanged , rising from per second before 1990 to per second afterward .


The Sajur is the smallest of these tributaries ; emerging from two streams near Gaziantep and draining the plain around Manbij before emptying into the reservoir of the Tishrin Dam .


In terms of length , drainage basin and discharge , the Khabur is the largest of these three .


In 1569 , mapmaker Gerardus Mercator first published a map based on his Mercator projection , which uses equally-spaced parallel vertical lines of longitude and parallel latitude lines spaced farther apart as they get farther away from the equator .


Southeast of the border between Syria and Iraq starts true desert .


This zone supports either no vegetation at all or small pockets of " Chenopodiaceae " or " Poa sinaica " .


The Neo-Assyrian palace reliefs from the 1st millennium BCE depict lion and bull hunts in fertile landscapes .


The Tabqa Dam is Syria 's largest dam and its reservoir ( Lake Assad ) is an important source of irrigation and drinking water .


In the Renaissance , maps were used to impress viewers and establish the owner 's reputation as sophisticated , educated , and worldly .


Syria also built three smaller dams on the Khabur and its tributaries .


GAP affects a total area of and approximately 7 million people ; representing about 10 percent of Turkey 's total surface area and population , respectively .


This and dam was completed in 1992 ; thereby creating a reservoir that is the third-largest lake in Turkey .


Because of this , towards the end of the Renaissance , maps were displayed with equal importance of painting , sculptures , and other pieces of art .


The largest number of people was displaced by the building of the Atatürk Dam , which alone affected 55,300 people .


The flooding of Lake Assad led to the forced displacement of c .


4,000 families , who were resettled in other parts of northern Syria as part of a now abandoned plan to create an " Arab belt " along the borders with Turkey and Iraq .


Annual evaporation from reservoirs has been estimated at in Turkey , in Syria and in Iraq .


With the Renaissance , cartography began to be seen as a metaphor for power .


Especially the flooding of Zeugma with its unique Roman mosaics by the reservoir of the Birecik Dam has generated much controversy in both the Turkish and international press .


The construction of the Tabqa Dam in Syria led to a large international campaign coordinated by UNESCO to document the heritage that would disappear under the waters of Lake Assad .


Archaeologists from numerous countries excavated sites ranging in date from the Natufian to the Abbasid period , and two minarets were dismantled and rebuilt outside the flood zone .


Parts of the flooded area have recently become accessible again due to the drying up of the lake , resulting not only in new possibilities for archaeologists to do more research , but also providing opportunities for looting , which has been rampant elsewhere in Iraq in the wake of the 2003 invasion .


There were two main printmaking technologies in the Renaissance : woodcut and copper-plate intaglio , referring to the medium used to transfer the image onto paper .


The river featured on the coat of arms of Iraq from 1932 – 1959 .


At the same time , the area was hit by severe drought and river flow toward Iraq was reduced from in 1973 to in 1975 .


This led to an international crisis during which Iraq threatened to bomb the Tabqa Dam .


A similar crisis , although not escalating to the point of military threats , occurred in 1981 when the Keban Dam reservoir had to be refilled after it had been almost emptied to temporarily increase Turkey 's hydroelectricity production .


In the early seventeenth century , the Selden map was created by a Chinese cartographer .


Another bilateral agreement from 1989 between Syria and Iraq settles the amount of water flowing into Iraq at 60 percent of the amount that Syria receives from Turkey .


Syria 's Lake Assad is the most important source of drinking water for the city of Aleppo , to the west of the river valley .


Through a newly restored power line , the Haditha Dam in Iraq provides electricity to Baghdad .


It is the official language of Estonia , spoken natively by about 1.1 " million people ; 922,000 people in Estonia and 160,000 outside Estonia .


Maps of the Enlightenment period practically universally used copper plate intaglio , having abandoned the fragile , coarse woodcut technology .


The northern group consists of the " keskmurre " or central dialect that is also the basis for the standard language , the " läänemurre " or western dialect , roughly corresponding to Lääne County and Pärnu County , the " saarte murre " ( islands ' dialect ) of Saaremaa , Hiiumaa , Muhu and Kihnu , and the " idamurre " or eastern dialect on the northwestern shore of Lake Peipus .


" Ö " and " Ü " are pronounced similarly to their equivalents in Swedish and German .


Unlike in standard German but like Swedish ( when followed by ' r ' ) and Finnish , " Ä " is pronounced [ æ ] , as in English " mat " .


It is almost identical to the close back close-mid central and the agglutinating language fusional language , and is also used to transcribe the Russian SVO .


This map is a close reproduction of a 1698 work by Nicolas de Fer .


Accusative vs. partitive case opposition of the Finnish used with transitive verbs creates a English contrast , just as in Finnish .


( the present tense serves here ) and features special forms to express an action performed by an undetermined Swedish ( the " impersonal " ) .


For basic maintenance and repairs cyclists can carry a pump ( or a CO cartridge ) , a puncture repair kit , a spare inner tube , and tire levers and a set of allen keys .


In some countries these may be known as bicycle rodeos , or operated as schemes such as Bikeability .


Hartmann Schedel was one of the first cartographers to use the printing press to make maps more widely available .


Many Dutch people subscribe every year to an event called " fietsvierdaagse " " - four days of organised cycling through the local environment .


The most famous of all bicycle races is the Tour de France .


Recumbent bicycles were banned from bike races in 1934 after Marcel Berthet set a new hour record in his " Velodyne streamliner " ( 49.992 " km on November 18 , 1933 ) .


Track bicycles are used for track cycling in Velodromes , while cyclo-cross races are held on outdoor terrain , including pavement , grass , and mud .


Optical technology , such as the telescope , sextant and other devices that use telescopes , allowed accurate land surveys and allowed mapmakers and navigators to find their latitude by measuring angles to the North Star at night or the Sun at noon .


The word " saccharide " comes from the Greek word " σάκχαρον " ( " sákkharon " ) , meaning " sugar " .


This type of equation is called a Weierstrass equation .


Then the " K " - rational points of " E " are the points on " E " whose coordinates all lie in " K " , including the point at infinity .


It is also an isomorphism of Riemann surfaces from the torus to the cubic curve , so topologically , an elliptic curve is a torus .


These days most commercial-quality maps are made using software of three main types : CAD , GIS and specialized illustration software .


the Mordell–Weil theorem states that the group " E " ( " Q " ) is a finitely generated ( abelian ) group .


The proof of that theorem rests on two ingredients : first , one shows that for any integer " m " " > " 1 , the quotient group " E " ( " Q " ) / " mE " ( " Q " ) is finite ( weak Mordell–Weil theorem ) .


The proof of the theorem is thus a variant of the method of infinite descent and relies on the repeated application of Euclidean divisions on " E " : let " P " ∈ " E " ( " Q " ) be a rational point on the curve , writing " P " as the sum 2 " P " + " Q " where " Q " is a fixed representant of " P " in " E " ( " Q " ) / 2 " E " ( " Q " ) , the height of " P " is about of the one of " P " ( more generally , replacing 2 by any " m " > 1 , and by ) .


At the analytic side , an important ingredient is a function of a complex variable , " L " , the Hasse–Weil zeta function of " E " over " Q " .


Depictions of Africa are a common target of deconstructionism .


It is defined as an Euler product , with one factor for every prime number " p " .


The conjecture , going back to the 1950 s , was completely proven by 1999 using ideas of Andrew Wiles , who proved it in 1994 for a large family of elliptic curves .


The proof of the link between these two statements , based on an idea of Gerhard Frey ( 1985 ) , is difficult and technical .


This fact can be understood and proven with the help of some general theory ; see local zeta function , Étale cohomology .


According to deconstructionist models , cartography was used for strategic purposes associated with imperialism and as instruments and representations of power during the conquest of Africa .


All extant species are in the genus " Equus " .


Equidae belongs to the order Perissodactyla , which includes the extant tapirs and rhinoceros , and several extinct families .


The family became relatively diverse during the Miocene , with many new species appearing .


The sole surviving genus , " Equus " , had evolved by the early Pleistocene , and spread rapidly through the world .


The depiction of Africa and the low latitudes in general on the Mercator projection has been interpreted as imperialistic and as symbolic of subjugation due to the diminished proportions of those regions compared to higher latitudes where the European powers were concentrated .


On August 12 , 2019 , independent game developer Zachtronics published a visual novel called " Eliza " , about an AI-based counseling service inspired by ELIZA .


Virginia " was one of the participants in the Battle of Hampton Roads , opposing the Union 's in March 1862 .


Accordingly , orders were sent to destroy the base rather than allow it to fall into Confederate hands .


Preliminary sketch designs were submitted by Lieutenants John Mercer Brooke and John L. Porter , each of whom envisaged the ship as a casemate ironclad .


Maps furthered imperialism and colonization of Africa in practical ways by showing basic information like roads , terrain , natural resources , settlements , and communities .


Her hanging port side anchor was lost after ramming " Cumberland " ; the bow was leaking from the loss of the ram 's port side half ; shot from " Cumberland " , " Congress " , and the shore-based Union batteries had riddled her smokestack , reducing her boilers ' draft and already slow speed ; two of her broadside cannon ( without shutters ) were put out of commission by shell hits ; a number of her armor plates had been loosened ; both of " Virginia " s cutters had been shot away , as had both 12 pounder anti-boarding / anti-personnel howitzers , most of the deck stanchions , railings , and both flagstaffs .


Monitor " , however , was under strict orders not to re-engage ; the two combatants would never battle again .


Their ensigns were then hoisted " Union-side down " to further taunt the Union Navy into a fight , as they were towed back to Norfolk , with the help of CSS " Raleigh " .


On May 10 , 1862 , advancing Union troops occupied Norfolk .


The only topography on it is the River Thames , letting the reader know whether a station is north or south of the river .


Both spellings are still in use in the Hampton Roads area .


It was first proposed by Brauer in 1939 .


A technique called " Montgomery 's ladder " addresses this concern .


This specific implementation of Montgomery 's ladder is not yet protected against cache timing attacks : memory access latencies might still be observable to an attacker , as different variables are accessed depending on the value of bits of the secret exponent .


Modern technology , including advances in Printing , the advent of Geographic information systems and Graphics software , and the Internet , has vastly simplified the process of map creation and increased the palette of design options available to cartographers .


Splicing can be experimentally modified so that targeted exons are excluded from mature mRNA transcripts by blocking the access of splice-directing small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles ( snRNPs ) to pre-mRNA using Morpholino antisense oligos .


BP also had no objection to lifting the ban .


ExxonMobil similarly sued 21st Century Fox over its cable channel FXX , but the parties agreed to dismiss the suit in October 2015 .


Prince William Sound 's remote location , accessible only by helicopter , plane , or boat , made government and industry response efforts difficult and severely taxed existing response plans .


The islands were known in the fourteenth century , and parts of them appear in the Catalan Atlas .


Captain Joseph Hazelwood , who was widely reported to have been drinking heavily that night , was not at the controls when the ship struck the reef .


Federal scientists estimate that between 16,000 and 21,000 US gallons ( 61 to 79 m ) of oil remains on beaches in Prince William Sound and up to 450 miles ( 725 " km ) away .


A USGS scientist who analyses the remaining oil along the coastline states that it remains among rocks and between tide marks .


Collaborating with InnoCentive they found a partial solution for the flow of oil .


This was a key turning point in the Battle of the Atlantic , enabling the Royal Air Force , the U.S. Army Air Forces , and the U.S. Navy to provide aerial coverage in the Mid-Atlantic gap .


In the aftermath of the spill , Alaska governor Steve Cowper issued an executive order requiring two tugboats to escort every loaded tanker from Valdez out through Prince William Sound to Hinchinbrook Entrance .


Tankers at Valdez are no longer single-hulled .


The village of Chenega was transformed into an emergency base and media outlet .


In the ship is a portrait of their patron saint , Joseph Hazelwood .


Since its opening , Lajes Field has been used for refuelling American cargo planes bound for Europe , Africa , and the Middle East .


Because of some of the doctrinal differences , Catholic , Orthodox , and several Protestant churches consider the church to be distinct and separate from mainstream Christianity .


Faithful members adhere to church laws of sexual purity , health , fasting , and Sabbath observance , and contribute ten percent of their income to the church in tithing .


Church members believe Joseph Smith is the first modern-day prophet .


Soon thereafter , church president Wilford Woodruff issued a manifesto that officially suspended the practice .


The U.S. Navy keeps a small squadron of its ships at the harbor of Praia da Vitória , southeast of Lajes Field .


One significant change was the ordination of men of black African descent to the priesthood in 1978 , which reversed a policy originally instituted by Brigham Young in 1852 .


During the Great Depression , the church also began operating a church welfare system , and it has conducted numerous humanitarian efforts in cooperation with other religious organizations including Catholic Relief Services and Islamic Relief , as well as secular organizations such as the American Red Cross .


The church characterizes the Book of Mormon as " the most correct of any book on earth and the keystone of [ the ] religion " .


These include a belief in the Bible ( subject to an acknowledgement that it is imperfect ) , the divinity of Jesus , and his atonement and resurrection .


The airfield also has a small commercial terminal handling scheduled and chartered passenger flights from the other islands in the Azores , Europe , Africa , and North America .


The faith itself views other modern Christian faiths as having departed from true Christianity via a general apostasy and maintains that it is a restoration of 1st - century Christianity and the only true and authorized Christian church .


Other significant differences relate to the church 's acceptance of additional scripture , doctrine , and practices beyond what is found in the Catholic , Protestant , or Eastern Orthodox versions of the Bible .


The church 's definition of " membership " includes all persons who were ever baptized , or whose parents were members while the person was under the age of eight called " members of record " , who have neither been excommunicated nor asked to have their names removed from church records with approximately 8.3 " million residing outside the United States , as of December 2011 .


For high-school aged youth , the church operates a four-year Seminary program , which provides religious classes for students to supplement their secular education .


The Azorean Liberation Front attempted to take advantage of this instability immediately after the revolution , hoping to establish an independent Azores , until operations ceased in 1975 .


The church also distributes money through its LDS Philanthropies division to disaster victims worldwide .


Although the church has not released church-wide financial statements since 1959 , in 1997 , " Time " magazine called it one of the world 's wealthiest churches per capita .


Its for-profit , non-profit , and educational subsidiary entities are audited by an independent accounting firm : , some done by Deloitte & Touche .


It actively works to counter anti-Mormonism that may come up during political campaigns .


The archipelago of the Azores is located in the middle of the northern hemisphere of the Atlantic Ocean and extends along a west-northwest to east-southeast orientation ( between 36.5 ° – 40 ° North latitudes and 24.5 ° – 31.5 ° West longitudes ) in an area approximately wide .


Jon Huntsman Jr. sought the Republican nomination until his withdrawal in early 2012 .


Welfare efforts , originally initiated during the Great Depression , provide aid for the poor , financed by donations from church members .


In the late " 1820 s , criticism centered around the claim by Joseph Smith to have been led to a set of gold plates from which the Book of Mormon was reputedly translated .


" Opposition led to a series of events culminating in murder of Smith and his brother while jailed in 1844 .


The islands of the Azores emerged from what is called the Azores Plateau , a 5.8 " million km region that is morphologically accented by a depth of .


In chemical thermodynamics the term used for the chemical potential energy is chemical potential , and for chemical transformation an equation most often used is the Gibbs-Duhem equation .


Any decrease in the Gibbs function of a system is the upper limit for any isothermal , isobaric work that can be captured in the surroundings , or it may simply be dissipated , appearing as " T " times a corresponding increase in the entropy of the system and / or its surrounding .


Ilya Prigogine developed the thermodynamic treatment of open systems that are far from equilibrium .


Some , perhaps most , of the Gibbs free energy of reaction may be delivered as external work .


The principal tectonic structures that exist in the region of the Azores are the Mid-Atlantic Ridge , the Terceira Rift , the Azores Fracture Zone and the Glória Fault .


An expensive war with Scotland , at first successful , ended with military withdrawal from Scotland and Boulogne-sur-Mer in exchange for peace .


His religious establishment was probably chosen by Archbishop Thomas Cranmer , a leading reformer .


He and Elizabeth were then told of the death of their father and heard a reading of the will .


In the words of historian Geoffrey Elton , " from that moment his autocratic system was complete " .


The sequence of the island formation has been generally characterized as : Santa Maria ( 8.12 Ma ) , São Miguel ( 4.1 Ma ) , Terceira ( 3.52 Ma ) , Graciosa ( 2.5 Ma ) , Flores ( 2.16 Ma ) , Faial ( 0.7 Ma ) , São Jorge ( 0.55 Ma ) , Corvo ( 0.7 Ma ) and the youngest , Pico ( 0.27 Ma ) .


From the first , his main interest as Protector was the war against Scotland .


The cost of maintaining the Protector 's massive armies and his permanent garrisons in Scotland also placed an unsustainable burden on the royal finances .


A complex aspect of the social unrest was that the protesters believed they were acting legitimately against enclosing landlords with the Protector 's support , convinced that the landlords were the lawbreakers .


Although not called a Protector , he was now clearly the head of the government .


Seismic events although frequent , are usually tectonic or vulco-tectonic in nature , but in general are of low to medium intensities , occasionally punctuated by events of level 5 or greater on the Richter magnitude scale .


He could be priggish in his anti-Catholicism and once asked Catherine Parr to persuade Lady Mary " to attend no longer to foreign dances and merriments which do not become a most Christian princess " .


The English Reformation advanced under pressure from two directions : from the traditionalists on the one hand and the zealots on the other , who led incidents of iconoclasm ( image-smashing ) and complained that reform did not go far enough .


The " Book of Common Prayer " of 1549 , intended as a compromise , was attacked by traditionalists for dispensing with many cherished rituals of the liturgy , such as the elevation of the bread and wine , while some reformers complained about the retention of too many " popish " elements , including vestiges of sacrificial rites at communion .


The prayer book of 1552 remains the foundation of the Church of England 's services .


The most severe earthquake was registered in 1757 , near Calheta on the island of São Jorge , which exceeded 7 on the Richter magnitude scale .


To his tutor John Cheke he whispered , " I am glad to die " .


According to John Foxe 's legendary account of his death , his last words were : " I am faint ; Lord have mercy upon me , and take my spirit " .


Although many of those who rallied to Mary were conservatives hoping for the defeat of Protestantism , her supporters also included many for whom her lawful claim to the throne overrode religious considerations .


Queen Mary 's attempts to undo the reforming work of her brother 's reign faced major obstacles .


In comparison , the 1522 earthquake that was mentioned by historian Gaspar Frutuoso measured 6.8 , but its effects were judged to be X ( " Extreme " ) on the Mercalli intensity scale , and was responsible for the destruction of Vila Franca do Campo and landslides that may have killed more than 5,000 of the inhabitants .


The concept of the adrenal medulla and the sympathetic nervous system being involved in the flight , fight and fright response was originally proposed by Cannon .


He is known especially for illustrations of the anthropomorphic animal and soft toy characters in " The Wind in the Willows " and " Winnie-the-Pooh " .


Throughout the war he had been contributing to " Punch " .


He was removed from this post in 1953 by " Punch " s new editor , Malcolm Muggeridge .


They range in surface area from the largest , São Miguel , at to the smallest , Corvo , at approximately .


In 1966 , he called the short film Winnie the Pooh and the Honey Tree a travesty .


Other disease-causing bacteria in this family include " Enterobacter " and " Citrobacter " .


Members of the Enterobacteriaceae can be trivially referred to as enterobacteria or " enteric bacteria " , as several members live in the intestines of animals .


In fact , the etymology of the family is enterobacterium with the suffix to designate a family ( aceae ) - not after the genus " Enterobacter " ( which would be " Enterobacteraceae " ) - and the type genus is " Escherichia " .


The archipelago lies in the Palearctic realm , and has a unique biotic community that includes the Macaronesian subtropical laurissilva , with many endemic species of plants and animals .


Catalase reactions vary among Enterobacteriaceae .


Some members of the " Enterobacteriaceae " produce endotoxins that , when released into the bloodstream following cell lysis , cause a systemic inflammatory and vasodilatory response .


However , " Proteus mirabilis " is now considered a part of the Morganellaceae , a sister clade within the Enterobacterales .


Several Enterobacteriaceae strains have been isolated which are resistant to antibiotics including carbapenems , which are often claimed as " the last line of antibiotic defense " against resistant organisms .


As a result , it is estimated that more than half of insects on the Graciosa island have disappeared or will become extinct .


On June 9 , 1978 , under the administration of Spencer W. Kimball , the church leadership finally received sanction to change the long-standing policy .


These peoples were called " Lamanites " , because they were all believed to descend from the Lamanite group in the " Book of Mormon " .


The church supported a gay rights bill in Salt Lake City which bans discrimination against gay men and lesbians in housing and employment , calling them " common-sense rights " .


Broadly speaking , Christian eschatology focuses on the ultimate destiny of individual souls and of the entire created order , based primarily upon biblical texts within the Old and New Testaments .


The two most common of these alien species are " Pittosporum undulatum " and " Acacia melanoxylon " .


The following approaches arose from the study of Christianity 's most central eschatological document , the Book of Revelation , but the principles embodied in them can be applied to all prophecy in the Bible .


In Futurism , parallels may be drawn with historical events , but most eschatological prophecies are chiefly referring to events which have not yet been fulfilled , but will take place at the end of the age and the end of the world .


Most prophecies will be fulfilled during a global time of chaos known as the Great Tribulation and afterwards .


Futurist beliefs usually have a close association with Premillennialism and Dispensationalism .


The Azores has at least two endemic living bird species .


Increasing gospel success will gradually produce a time in history prior to Christ 's return in which faith , righteousness , peace , and prosperity will prevail in the affairs of men and of nations .


After an extensive era of such conditions Jesus Christ will return visibly , bodily , and gloriously , to end history with the general resurrection and the final judgment after which the eternal order follows .


Amillennialism , in Christian eschatology , involves the rejection of the belief that Jesus will have a literal , thousand-year-long , physical reign on the earth .


Monteiro 's storm-petrel , described to science as recently as 2008 , is known to breed in just two locations in the islands , but may occur more widely .


Amillennialism holds that while Christ 's reign during the millennium is spiritual in nature , at the end of the church age , Christ will return in final judgment and establish a permanent reign in the new heaven and new earth .


The abomination of desolation ( or desolating sacrilege ) is a term found in the Hebrew Bible , in the book of Daniel .


The term is used by Jesus Christ in the Olivet discourse , according to both the Gospel of Matthew and the Gospel of Mark .


The key to this understanding is the " seventy weeks prophecy " in the book of Daniel .


The Azores also has an endemic bat , the Azores noctule , which is unusual in regularly feeding during the day .


Many Christians do not subscribe to rapture-oriented theological views .


Although Martin Luther personally believed and taught resurrection of the dead in combination with soul sleep , this is not a mainstream teaching of Lutheranism and most Lutherans traditionally believe in resurrection of the body in combination with the immortal soul .


The city itself has a large wall with twelve gates in it which are never shut , and which have the names of the twelve tribes of Israel written on them .


If these are comparable to earthly measurements , the city will cover an area about half the size of the contiguous United States .


The islets of the Formigas ( the Portuguese word for " ants " ) , including the area known as the Dollabarat Reef , have a rich environment of maritime species , such as black coral and manta rays , different species of sharks , whales , and sea turtles .


A year later war broke out and the competition was considerably weakened , with Geelong being forced to pull out of the competition due to travel restrictions as a result of petrol rationing .


The match was played at Carlton in front of 49,000 spectators .


The peak of these incidents occurred in 1980 with new recruit Phil Carman making headlines for head-butting an umpire .


Hawthorn won by a then record 83 points .


The Azores High , an area of high atmospheric pressure , is named after the islands .


Blake Caracella , Chris Heffernan , Justin Blumfield , Gary Moorcroft and Damien Hardwick had all departed by the end of 2002 ; in 2004 , Mark Mercuri , Sean Wellman and Joe Misiti retired .


Due to this unprecedented situation , many in the football community predicted the club would go through the 2016 AFL season without a win ; however , they were able to win three matches : against , and in rounds 2 , 21 and 23 respectively .


The absence of its most experienced players also allowed the development of its young players , with Zach Merrett and Orazio Fantasia having breakout years , while Darcy Parish and Anthony McDonald-Tipungwuti , impressing in their debut seasons .


Midfielder Heath Hocking , who played 126 games for the club , was delisted .


Although as warm as has been recorded on Pico , neither of the two largest cities Ponta Delgada nor Angra do Heroísmo have ever gone above .


The 2018 season was capped off by the club not offering veteran Brendon Goddard a new contract for 2019 .


The club 's apparel is currently produced by Under Armour .


The club 's apparel has also been produced by Reebok , Fila , Puma , Adidas and ISC .


This structure was used during the 2005 playoffs by ESPN and Fox Broadcasting Company as a broadcasting platform .


The Azores have the warmest winters in Europe ( still within the European continental plate ) .


The Hollywood Stars of the Pacific Coast League had previously tried the same concept , but it was also poorly received .


The team 's current mascot , SouthPaw , was introduced in 2004 to attract young fans .


In 1992 , he was paired with color announcer Ed Farmer .


In 1990 , over-the-air broadcasts shifted back to WGN .


The coldest weather in winter usually comes from northwesterly air masses originating from Labrador in Canada .


Also , Harold Baines had his number 3 retired in 1989 ; it has since been ' unretired ' 3 times in each of his subsequent returns .


The word " casuistry " derives from the Latin noun " casus " ( " case " or " occurrence " ) .


Moreover , the ethical philosophies of Utilitarianism ( especially preference utilitarianism ) and Pragmatism commonly are identified as greatly employing casuistic reasoning .


The casuistic method was popular among Catholic thinkers in the early modern period , and not only among the Jesuits , as it is commonly thought .


However , since those air masses are warmed up as they pass across the warmer Atlantic Ocean , temperatures by day even then exceed .


Input methods based on other varieties of Chinese , like Hakka or Minnan , also exist .


While the phonetic system is easy to learn , choosing appropriate Chinese characters slows typing speed .


Shuangpin ( 雙拼 ; 双拼 ) , literally dual spell , is a stenographical phonetic input method based on hanyu pinyin that reduces the number of keystrokes for one Chinese character to two by distributing every vowel and consonant composed of more than one letter to a specific key .


Enid 's books are still enormously popular , and have been translated into 90 languages .


The westernmost islands of the archipelago , namely Flores and Corvo , get the strongest maritime moderation and the most rainfall since both are right on the Gulf Stream waters .


Some libraries and schools banned her works , which the BBC had refused to broadcast from the 1930 s until the 1950 s because they were perceived to lack literary merit .


He also passed on his interest in gardening , art , music , literature and the theatre , and the pair often went on nature walks , much to the disapproval of Enid 's mother , who showed little interest in her daughter 's pursuits .


Enid was devastated when he left the family shortly after her thirteenth birthday to live with another woman .


Enid and her mother did not have a good relationship , and she did not attend either of her parents ' funerals .


The Azores are divided into 19 municipalities ( ) ; each municipality is further divided into " freguesias " ( civil administrative parishes ) , of which there is a total of 156 in all of the Azores .


It was illustrated by a schoolfriend , Phyllis Chase , who collaborated on several of her early works .


According to Gillian the main character was based on a large handmade doll given to her by her mother on her third birthday .


The Noddy books became one of her most successful and best-known series , and were hugely popular in the 1950 s .


Gillian noted that in her mother 's adventure , detective and school stories for older children , " the hook is the strong storyline with plenty of cliffhangers , a trick she acquired from her years of writing serialised stories for children 's magazines .


There are six cities ( Portuguese : " cidades " ) in the Azores : Ponta Delgada , Lagoa and Ribeira Grande on the island of São Miguel ; Angra do Heroísmo and Praia da Vitória on the island of Terceira , and Horta on Faial .


The group changed its name to Chorion in 1998 but , after financial difficulties in 2012 , sold its assets .


She is the world 's fourth most-translated author , behind Agatha Christie , Jules Verne and William Shakespeare with her books being translated into 90 languages .


Chorion spent around £ 10 " million digitising Noddy and , as of 2002 , had made television agreements with at least 11 countries worldwide .


The changes , which Hodder described as " subtle " , mainly affect the dialogue rather than the narrative .


Three of these , Ponta Delgada , Angra and Horta are considered capital / administrative cities to the regional government : homes to the President ( Ponta Delgada ) , the Judiciary ( Angra ) and the Regional Assembly ( Horta ) .


In 2019 , " Malory Towers " was adapted as a 13 part TV series for the BBC .


The people of the Epipalaeolithic were nomadic hunter-gatherers who generally lived in small , seasonal camps rather than permanent villages .


These are the primary artifacts by which archaeologists recognise and classify Epipalaeolithic sites .


The start of the Epipalaeolithic is defined by the appearance of microliths .


The Azores were uninhabited when Portuguese navigators arrived in the early 15th century ; settlement began in 1439 with migrants from several regions of mainland Portugal and from Madeira .


The crystallization of these new patterns resulted in Mesolithic 1 .


The inhabitants of a small Mesolithic 1 site in the Levant left little more than their chipped stone tools behind .


The type site is Kebara Cave south of Haifa .


The Kebaran was characterized by small , geometric microliths .


The islands were populated mainly by Portuguese immigrants from the Algarve , Alentejo , and Minho in an effort to escape the dangers of the Portuguese inquisition on mainland Portugal .


The Kebaran is also characterised by the earliest collecting and processing of wild cereals , known due to the excavation of grain-grinding tools .


This was the first step towards the Neolithic Revolution .


The Kebaran people are believed to have migrated seasonally , dispersing to upland environments in the summer , and gathering in caves and rockshelters near lowland lakes in the winter .


The Epipalaeolithic is best understood when discussing the southern Levant , as the period is well documented due to good preservation at the sites , at least of animal remains .


The islands were also settled by Moorish prisoners and African slaves from Guinea , Cape Verde and São Tomé .


At Neve David near Haifa , 15 mammal species were found , and two reptile species .


In the Westminster type of parliamentary system , the principle of separation of powers is not as entrenched as in some others .


The municipality has also annexed portions of adjoining Delaware and Fairfield counties .


Franklinton , now a city neighborhood , was the first white settlement , laid out in 1797 .


The nature of the economy dictated that African slavery never became common in the Azores because the slaves were sent to Brazil and the Caribbean .


It was named for explorer Christopher Columbus .


Between 1000 B.C. and 1700 A.D. , the Columbus metropolitan area was a center to indigenous cultures known as the Moundbuilders .


The mound 's clay was used in bricks for most of the city ’s initial brick buildings ; many were subsequently used in the Ohio Statehouse .


In the 18th century , European traders flocked to the area , attracted by the fur trade .


The tuna fishing industry drew a significant number of Azoreans to the Point Loma neighborhood of San Diego , in Southern California .


The Refugee Tract , consisting of , was long and wide , was claimed by 67 eligible men .


Desiring to settle on a location , the state legislature considered Franklinton , Dublin , Worthington , and Delaware before compromising on a plan to build a new city in the state 's center , near major transportation routes , primarily rivers .


As well , Franklinton landowners had donated two plots in an effort to convince the state to move its capitol there .


The two spaces were set to become Capitol Square ( for the Ohio Statehouse ) and the Ohio Penitentiary .


The Great Recession led to an increase of out-migration from the Azores .


Although the recent War of 1812 had brought prosperity to the area , the subsequent recession and conflicting claims to the land threatened the new town 's success .


On January 7 , 1857 , the Ohio Statehouse finally opened after 18 years of construction .


To prevent flooding , the Army Corps of Engineers recommended widening the Scioto River through downtown , constructing new bridges , and building a retaining wall along its banks .


In 1922 , the association 's name was changed to the National Football League .


These civil parishes still retain their titles of " vila " in name only ; the populations of Capelas and neighbouring parish still protest the change and promote the restoration of their status .


The construction of the Greater Columbus Convention Center has brought major conventions and trade shows to the city .


Later in the year , protests over the killing of George Floyd took place in the city from May 28 into August .


This is due to Jim Rhodes 's tactic to annex suburbs while serving as mayor .


Winter snowfall is relatively light , since the city is not in the typical path of strong winter lows , such as the Nor'easters that strike cities farther east .


The municipalities are further subdivided into several civil parishes , with the exception of Corvo ( the only municipality by law without a civil parish , owing to its size ) .


Religious teaching institutions include the Trinity Lutheran Seminary and the Pontifical College Josephinum .


The administration of former mayor Michael B. Coleman continued this work , although the city faced financial turmoil and had to increase taxes , allegedly due in part to fiscal mismanagement .


The company is presently headquartered outside the city in nearby Dublin .


Wasserstrom Company , a major supplier of equipment and supplies for restaurants , is located on the north side .


The Democratic and Social Center / People 's Party ( CDS / PP ) , the Left Bloc ( BE ) , the Unitarian Democratic Coalition ( CDU ) and the People 's Monarchist Party ( PPM ) are also represented .


Another prominent art museum in the city is the Wexner Center for the Arts , a contemporary art gallery and research facility operated by the Ohio State University .


The Ohio State Buckeyes are a member of the NCAA 's Big Ten Conference , and their football team plays home games at Ohio Stadium .


The Columbus Motor Speedway was built in 1945 and held their first motorcycle race in 1946 .


Hosted by Arnold Schwarzenegger , the event has grown to eight Olympic sports and 22,000 athletes competing in 80 events .


They are also in the European Union Customs Union and VAT area , but levy a lower rate of VAT than applies on the mainland .


Also in the zoo complex is the Zoombezi Bay water park and amusement park .


Of these , only Eastland remains in operation .


Easton Town Center was built in 1999 , and Polaris Fashion Place in 2001 .


The Roman Catholic Diocese of Columbus also operates several parochial elementary and high schools .


The Azores , like Madeira and the Canary Islands , are among member state territories with special status , as one of the designated " Outermost Regions " .


The city 's primary airport , John Glenn Columbus International Airport , is on the city 's east side .


The airport was a hub for discount carrier Skybus Airlines and continues to be a home to NetJets , the world 's largest fractional ownership air carrier .


According to a 2005 market survey , John Glenn Columbus International Airport attracts about 50 % of its passengers from outside of its radius primary service region .


After the two boys were sent to a rural community to be wet nursed , Enrico rejoined his family in Rome when he was two and a half .


The commercial terminals in Ponta Delgada , Horta , Vila do Porto and Santa Cruz das Flores are operated by ANA – Aeroportos de Portugal , a public entity that oversees the operations of airports across Portugal .


Accordingly , it is now known as Fermi–Dirac statistics .


In 1926 , at the age of 24 , he applied for a professorship at the Sapienza University of Rome .


His theory , later referred to as Fermi 's interaction , and still later as the theory of the weak interaction , described one of the four fundamental forces of nature .


The chemist Ida Noddack suggesting that some of the experiments could have produced lighter elements than lead rather than new , heavier elements .


The remaining , except for Lajes Field , are operated by the Regional Government .


French scientists Hans von Halban , Lew Kowarski , and Frédéric Joliot-Curie had demonstrated that uranium bombarded by neutrons emitted more neutrons than it absorbed , suggesting the possibility of a chain reaction .


He decided to concentrate the plutonium work at the University of Chicago .


The possible results of a self-sustaining nuclear reaction were unknown , so it seemed inadvisable to build the first nuclear reactor on the University of Chicago campus in the middle of the city .


Stone & Webster was contracted to develop the site , but the work was halted by an industrial dispute .


The " Atlantida " , a 50 " million Euro cruiser ( as part of a two-ship deal with the other named " Anticiclone " ) was rejected in 2009 by Atlanticoline for the under-performance of the power-plant .


DuPont had deviated from the Metallurgical Laboratory 's original design in which the reactor had 1,500 tubes arranged in a circle , and had added 504 tubes to fill in the corners .


The idea was elaborated by Shoichi Sakata .


He mused about what is now referred to as the " Fermi paradox " : the contradiction between the presumed probability of the existence of extraterrestrial life and the fact that contact has not been made .


His body was interred at Oak Woods Cemetery .


The most important religious events are tied with the festivals associated with the cult of the Holy Spirit , commonly referred to as the festivals of the Holy Spirit ( or " Espírito Santo " ) , rooted in millenarian dogma and held on all islands from May to September .


This includes his theory of beta decay , his work with non-linear systems , his discovery of the effects of slow neutrons , his study of pion-nucleon collisions , and his Fermi–Dirac statistics .


The " editor war " is the rivalry between users of the Emacs and vi ( now usually Vim , or recently Neovim ) text editors .


The Emacs vs vi debate was one of the original " holy wars " conducted on Usenet groups , with many flame wars fought between those insisting that their editor of choice is the paragon of editing perfection , and insulting the other , since at least 1985 .


In the past , many small editors modeled after or derived from vi flourished .


These festivals are very important to the Azorean people , who are primarily Roman Catholic , and combine religious rituals with processions celebrating the benevolence and egalitarianism of neighbours .


For example , Vim without any extensions requires about ten times the disk space required by vi , and recent versions of Vim can have more extensions and run slower than Emacs .


In " The Art of Unix Programming " , Eric S. Raymond called Vim 's supposed light weight when compared with Emacs " a shared myth " .


Moreover , with the large amounts of RAM in modern computers , both Emacs and vi are lightweight compared to large integrated development environments such as Eclipse , which tend to draw derision from Emacs and vi users alike .


While it refers to vi as the " editor of the beast " ( vi-vi-vi being 6 - 6 - 6 in Roman numerals ) , it does not oppose the use of vi ; rather , it calls proprietary software anathema .


On Terceira , for example , these impérios have grown into ornate buildings painted and cared for by the local brotherhoods in their respective parishes .


The Emacs distribution includes the full list .


As a poke at Emacs ' creeping featurism , vi advocates have been known to describe Emacs as " a great operating system , lacking only a decent editor " .


This game humor originated with users of the older TECO editor , which was the implementation basis , via macros , of the original Emacs .


) , hackers joke about a proposed method of creating a pseudorandom character sequence by having a user unfamiliar with vi seated in front of an open editor and asking them to exit the program .


The Sanjoaninas Festivities in Angra do Heroísmo on Terceira are held in June honoring Saint Anthony , Saint Peter and Saint John the Baptist , in a large religious celebration .


The title of Patriarch was created in 531 by Justinian .


There are several types of electric guitar , including : the solid-body guitar ; various types of hollow-body guitars ; the six-string guitar ( the most common type ) , which is usually tuned E , B , G , D , A , E , from highest to lowest strings ; the seven-string guitar , which typically adds a low B string below the low E ; the eight-string guitar , which typically adds a low E or F # string below the low B ; and the twelve-string guitar , which has six pairs of strings .


One of the first solid-body guitars was invented by Les Paul .


Another notable solid-body design is the Fender Stratocaster , which was introduced in 1954 and became extremely popular among musicians in the 1960 s and 1970 s for its wide tonal capabilities and more comfortable ergonomics than other models .


The festival of Our Lady of Lourdes ( or " Nossa Senhora de Lourdes " ) , patron saint of whalers , begins in Lajes on Pico Island on the last Sunday of August and runs through the week - Whalers Week .


A variation with single-coil pickups , and sometimes with a Bigsby tremolo , has long been popular in country and rockabilly ; it has a distinctly more twangy , biting tone than the classic jazzbox .


While the scale length of the Les Paul is often described as 24.75 " inches , it has varied through the years by as much as a half inch .


Leo Fender pioneered bolt-on necks on electric guitars to facilitate easy adjustment and replacement .


Some instruments - notably most Gibson models - continue to use set-in glued necks .


The Wine Harvest Festival ( or " Festa das Vindimas " ) , takes place during the first week of September and is a century-old custom of the people of Pico .


The vintage Fender Telecaster , for example , has a typical small radius of approximately .


Cleveland 's economy relies on diversified sectors such as manufacturing , financial services , healthcare , biomedicals , and higher education .


The city 's major cultural institutions include the Cleveland Museum of Art , the Cleveland Museum of Natural History , the Cleveland Orchestra , Playhouse Square , and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame .


Locals adopted Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry as a civic hero and erected a monument in his honor decades later .


The Festival da Maré de Agosto ( August Sea Festival ) , takes place every year beginning on 15 August in Praia Formosa on Santa Maria .


It grew rapidly after the 1832 completion of the Ohio and Erie Canal .


Its products could reach markets on the Gulf of Mexico via the Mississippi River .


The city also served as an important center for the Union during the American Civil War .


In 1885 , he moved its headquarters to New York City , which had become a center of finance and business .


In 1929 , the city hosted the first of many National Air Races .


However , by the 1960 s , Cleveland 's economy began to slow down , and residents increasingly sought new housing in the suburbs , reflecting the national trends of suburban growth following federally subsidized highways .


The shore of Lake Erie is above sea level ; however , the city lies on a series of irregular bluffs lying roughly parallel to the lake .


In the late 1880 s , writer Bayard Taylor described it as " the most beautiful street in the world " .


He spent his childhood in a poor neighbourhood and later studied philosophy at the University of Algiers .


The Cleveland Metroparks provides ample opportunity for outdoor recreational activities .


During the summer months , kayakers , paddle boarders , and rowing and sailing crews can be seen on the Cuyahoga River and Lake Erie .


Just outside of Rockefeller Park , the Cleveland Botanical Garden in University Circle , established in 1930 , is the oldest civic garden center in the nation .


Clevelanders geographically define themselves in terms of whether they live on the east or west side of the Cuyahoga River .


He was a second-generation French in Algeria , a French territory from 1830 until 1962 .


Additionally , the city and the county have significant communities of Albanians , Arabs ( especially Lebanese , Syrians , and Palestinians ) , Armenians , French , Greeks , Iranians , Scots , and West Indians .


It is the only district in Ohio under direct control of the mayor , who appoints a school board .


Established in 1869 , the Cleveland Public Library is one of the largest public libraries in the nation with a collection of 10,559,651 materials as of 2018 .


Under head librarian William Howard Brett , the library adopted an " open shelf " philosophy , which allowed patrons open access to the library 's bookstacks .


His paternal grandfather , along with many others of his generation , had moved to Algeria for a better life during the first decades of the 19th century .


The city also has a history of polka music being popular both past and present , even having a subgenre called Cleveland-style polka named after the city , and is home to the Polka Hall of Fame .


Written and directed by Billy Wilder , the latter marked Walter Matthau and Jack Lemmon 's first on-screen collaboration and features gameday footage of the 1965 Cleveland Browns .


The Cleveland State University Poetry Center serves as an academic center for poetry .


Famous local figures include chef Michael Symon and food writer Michael Ruhlman , both of whom achieved local and national attentions for their contributions in the culinary world .


Hence , he was called - a slang term for French who were born in Algeria - and his identity and his poor background had a substantial effect on his later life .


The Cleveland Indians won the World Series in 1920 and 1948 .


They also won the American League pennant , making the World Series in the 1954 , 1995 , 1997 , and 2016 seasons .


Former owner Art Modell 's relocation of the Browns after the 1995 season ( to Baltimore creating the Ravens ) , caused tremendous heartbreak and resentment among local fans .


The 1921 and 1957 U.S. Open Chess Championship also took place in the city , and were won by Edward Lasker and Bobby Fischer , respectively .


He also became part of a circle of intellectuals including Simone de Beauvoir , André Breton , and others .


From 1924 to 1931 , the city briefly experimented with a council–manager government under William R. Hopkins and Daniel E. Morgan before returning to the mayor–council system .


The office of the mayor has been held by Frank G. Jackson since 2006 .


WCPN public radio functions as the local NPR affiliate , and sister station WCLV airs a classical music format .


Sports oriented stations include sister stations WKNR and WWGK ( ESPN Radio ) , WARF ( Fox Sports Radio ) and WKRK-FM ( CBS Sports Radio ) .


He also visited Algeria once more , only to leave disappointed by the continued oppressive colonial policies , which he had warned about many times .


There have been several proposals for commuter rail in Cleveland , including a study into a Sandusky–Cleveland line .


National intercity bus service is provided at a Greyhound station , just behind the Playhouse Square theater district .


In addressing his embryo drawings to a general audience , Haeckel does not cite any sources , which gives his opponents the freedom to make assumptions regarding the originality of his work .


His main aim was to express the positive side of surrealism and existentialism , rejecting the negativity and the nihilism of André Breton .


The SI unit for specific enthalpy is joule per kilogram .


One of the simple applications of the concept of enthalpy is the so-called throttling process , also known as Joule-Thomson expansion .


It was presided over by King Oswiu , who did not engage in the debate but made the final ruling .


A new pattern of worship was set out in the Book of Common Prayer ( 1549 and 1552 ) .


He was anticipating André Malraux would win the prestigious award .


The archbishop of Canterbury acknowledged it was not the only area where the church " fell short of its standards " .


The sacraments of baptism and the Eucharist are generally thought necessary to salvation .


Traditional Choral evensong is a staple of most cathedrals .


During the 18th century , clergy such as Charles Wesley introduced their own styles of worship with poetic hymns .


At age 44 , he was the second-youngest recipient of the prize , after Rudyard Kipling , who was 42 .


He is the focus of unity for the worldwide Anglican Communion of independent national or regional churches .


The Bishop of London , the Bishop of Durham and the Bishop of Winchester are ranked in the next three positions .


Of the 42 diocesan archbishops and bishops in the Church of England , 26 are permitted to sit in the House of Lords .


At the time of his birth Italy was under fascist rule .


During these years , he published posthumously the works of the philosopher Simone Weil , in the series " " Espoir " " ( " Hope " ) which he had founded for Éditions Gallimard .


Performed by Mina , it was a standout track of " Studio Uno 66 " , the fifth-best-selling album of the year 1966 in Italy .


Despite the small film budgets , the " Dollars Trilogy " was a box-office success .


The opening scene of Jeff Tremaine 's " Jackass Number Two " ( 2006 ) , in which the cast is chased through a suburban neighbourhood by bulls , is accompanied by this piece .


While punk rock band the Ramones used " The Ecstasy of Gold " as closing theme during their live performances , Metallica uses " The Ecstasy of Gold " as the introductory music for its concerts since 1983 .


The subject was the 1934 revolt by Spanish miners that was brutally suppressed by the Spanish government resulting in 1,500 to 2,000 deaths .


The song was later included in movies such as " The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou " .


The top 10 list was compiled by 40 film composers such as Michael Giacchino and Carter Burwell .


Both were published by Edmond Charlot 's small publishing house .


Michel Legrand and Georges Delerue performed on the same evening .


He manages to persuade her to return them to human shape , lives with her for a year and has sons by her , including Latinus and Telegonus .


Early philosophical questions were also raised whether the change from a reasoning being to a beast was not preferable after all , and this paradox was to have a powerful impact during the Renaissance .


As such she has been frequently depicted in all the arts from the Renaissance down to modern times .


The third , the cycle of the love , consisted of " Nemesis " .


The " Telegony " , an epic now lost , relates the later history of the last of these .


In this 600-page expansion of the pseudo-Homeric " Batrachomyomachia " , it is related at the court of the mice and takes up sections 5 – 8 of the first part .


The transformed Picus continually appears in this , trying to warn Ulysses , and then Eurylochus , of the danger to be found in the palace , and is rewarded at the end by being given back his human shape .


In most accounts Ulysses only demands this for his own men .


He turned to theatre and the third cycle which was about love and the goddess Nemesis .


In this moral work , the aim of Ulysses in talking to the beasts is to learn more of the human condition .


With the Renaissance there began to be a reinterpretation of what it was that changed the men , if it was not simply magic .


For Socrates , in Classical times , it had been gluttony overcoming their self-control .


But for the influential emblematist Andrea Alciato , it was unchastity .


While he did not deny that morals change over time , he rejected the classical Marxist doctrine that history defines morality .


There the sorceress anticipates her meeting with Ulysses and his men and insists that she does not turn men into pigs - she merely takes away the disguise that makes them seem human .


The mythological character of the speaker contributes at a safe remove to the Victorian discourse on women 's sexuality by expressing female desire and criticizing the subordinate role given to women in heterosexual politics .


It is a reflection on contemporary gender politics that scarcely needs the disguises of Augusta Webster 's .


It has further been suggested that John Milton 's " Mask Presented at Ludlow Castle " ( 1634 ) is a sequel to " Tempe Restored , " a masque in which Circe had figured two years earlier , and that the situation presented there is a reversal of the Greek myth. At the start of the masque , the character Comus is described as the son of Circe by Bacchus , god of wine , and the equal of his mother in enchantment .


When confronted with the dilemma of choosing between his mother and justice , his response was : " I have always condemned terrorism , and I must condemn a terrorism that works blindly in the streets of Algiers and one day might strike at my mother and family .


However , he is sometimes depicted carrying spears as well , as in the Athens lekythos , while Homer reports that it was a bow he had slung over his shoulder .


Later writers were to follow Socrates in interpreting the episode as illustrating the dangers of drunkenness .


Other artefacts depicting the story include the chest of Cypselus described in the travelogue by Pausanias .


For the women are four , and they are engaged on the tasks which Homer mentions in his poetry ' .


He wrote a series of articles reporting on conditions , and advocating for French reforms and concessions to the demands of the Algerian people .


A bronze mirror relief in the Fitzwilliam Museum is also Etruscan and is inscribed with the names of the characters .


The subject here was the mistress of the painter George Stubbs .


One of the photographic series by Julia Margaret Cameron , a pupil of the painter George Frederic Watts , was of mythical characters , for whom she used the children of friends and servants as models .


Set for mezzo-soprano and full orchestra , it was given almost operatic treatment by the court composer Luigi Cherubini in 1789 .


He identified with the " Pieds-Noirs " such as his own parents and defended the French government 's actions against the revolt .


It is based on four excerpts from Homer 's " Odyssey " and emphasises a variety of vocal uses for the mezzo-soprano part .


One of the most well known of them was Octavius Mamilius ( died 498 BCE ) , princeps of Tusculum and son-in-law of Lucius Tarquinius Superbus the seventh and last king of Rome .


These may each be derived by means of a special case of continuous-time Markov processes known as a birth–death process .


The formula was derived by Agner Krarup Erlang and is not limited to telephone networks , since it describes a probability in a queuing system ( albeit a special case with a number of servers but no queueing space for incoming calls to wait for a free server ) .


Although favoring greater Algerian autonomy or even federation , though not full-scale independence , he believed the " Pieds-Noirs " and Arabs could co-exist .


It is assumed that the call arrivals can be modeled by a Poisson process and that call holding times are described by an exponential distribution .


A proposed rule change in the XFL would make all players behind the line of scrimmage eligible receivers , regardless of position or number .


The change was intended to close a loophole in the rules which allowed teams to run an A-11 offense , in which a team could legally be exempted from eligibility numbering restrictions if the player receiving the snap was at least seven yards behind the line of scrimmage .


Detractors criticize him for a series of political repressions which included the establishment and use of forced labor camps , extrajudicial killings and executions that targeted and eliminated dissidents , a large number of which were carried out by the Sigurimi secret police .


Behind the scenes , he began working for imprisoned Algerians who faced the death penalty .


A submarine base was built on the island of Sazan near Vlorë , posing a possible threat to the United States Sixth Fleet .


The Soviet Union retaliated by threatening " dire consequences " if the condemnations were not retracted .


The Soviet–Albanian split was now complete .


As a result , the population of Albania tripled from 1 million in 1944 to around 3 " million in 1985 .


Sartre recognizes the absurdity of individual experience .


In increasingly precarious health from the late 1970 s onward , he turned most state functions over to Ramiz Alia .


He was succeeded as head of state by Ramiz Alia after his burial , who gained control of the party leadership two days later .


In the first west of the high summit , the Kicking Horse River drops .


However , this route was far more direct than one through the Yellowhead Pass and saved hours for both passengers and freight .


The savanna ( or grassy woodlands ) of northern Australia are the largest , intact savanna regions in the world .


Many thousands of navvies worked on the railway .


Chinese labourers in British Columbia made only between 75 cents and $ 1.25 a day , paid in rice mats , and not including expenses , leaving barely anything to send home .


In March 1885 , the North-West Rebellion broke out in the District of Saskatchewan .


Some sections of track were incomplete or had not been used before , but the trip to Winnipeg was made in nine days and the rebellion quickly suppressed .


Feral animals such as camels thrive in central Australia , brought to Australia by pastoralists and explorers , along with the early Afghan drivers .


The Great Depression , which lasted from 1929 until 1939 , hit many companies heavily .


It also custom-built many of its passenger cars at its CPR Angus Shops to be able to meet the demands of the upper class .


Bombardier Transportation assumed control of train operations on 5 May 2014 .


Widespread use of bore water , obtained from underground aquifers , including the Great Artesian Basin , has enabled livestock to be grazed across vast areas in which no permanent surface water exists naturally .


2816 has been stored indefinitely since 2012 after CEO E. Hunter Harrison discontinued the steam program .


Colin James was a headline entertainer .


The CNR had built a radio network with the aim of promoting itself as well as entertaining its passengers during their travels .


They also played an important role in both world wars with many of them being lost to enemy action , including " Empress of Britain " .


Oil and gas are extracted in the Cooper Basin around Moomba .


Eventually , there will be ten SD70ACU rebuilds painted in the two heritage paint schemes .


These units are numbered 7020 – 7023 , with 7024 being renumbered to 6644 to commemorate the date of D-Day : 6 June 1944 .


The 7020 represents the army in temperate regions , painted in NATO green and featuring a modernized army typeface .


The 7022 represents the navy , painted in Royal Canadian Navy shipside grey and oxide red and uses the correct naval typeface .


The Pilbara region 's economy is dominated by mining and petroleum industries .


After Japan 's surrender , he was not prosecuted for war crimes as many other leading government figures were .


Another notable case was the assassination of moderate Prime Minister Inukai Tsuyoshi in 1932 , marking the end of civilian control of the military .


When Chief Aide-de-camp Shigeru Honjō informed him of the revolt , the Emperor immediately ordered that it be put down and referred to the officers as " rebels " ( " bōto " ) .


Shortly thereafter , he ordered Army Minister Yoshiyuki Kawashima to suppress the rebellion within the hour .


Most of Australia 's iron ore is also mined in the Pilbara and it also has one of the world 's major manganese mines .


Finally , it was at his insistence that plans were drafted for the recapture of Saipan and , later , for an offensive in the Battle of Okinawa .


The following day , Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal Kōichi Kido prepared a draft document which summarized the hopeless military situation and proposed a negotiated settlement .


One of his uncles , Prince Yasuhiko Asaka , asked whether the war would be continued if the " kokutai " ( national polity ) could not be preserved .


The Emperor could not defy cabinet 's decision to start World War II and he was not trained or accustomed to do so .


Travelling in remote areas in northern Australia is not advisable during the wet season ( November to April ) , as heavy tropical downpours can quickly make dirt roads impassable .


In the Netherlands , raw eggs and vacuum flasks were thrown by right-wing forces .


The protest was so severe that Empress Kojun , who accompanied the Emperor , was exhausted .


The satirical magazine " Private Eye " used a racist double entendre to refer to the emperor 's visit ( " nasty Nip in the air " ) .


" His contributions included the description of several dozen species of Hydrozoa new to science .


In the remotest parts of Australia fuel sellers are located hundreds of kilometres apart , so spare fuel must be carried or refuelling spots calculated carefully in order not to run out of fuel in between towns .


The boycott was continued by his son , Akihito .


The Emperor was succeeded by his son , the Emperor Akihito , whose enthronement ceremony was held on 12 November 1990 .


The Emperor 's death ended the Shōwa era .


On the same day a new era began : the Heisei era , effective at midnight the following day .


The Stuart Highway runs from north to south through the centre of the continent , roughly paralleled by the Adelaide–Darwin railway .


It lies at the north end of an arm of Chichester Harbour , a large and shallow inlet from the English Channel and is equidistant between Portsmouth and Chichester .


At first it was linked to the settlement of Warblington nearby .


But the oyster industry is again under threat , because the reproductive rate of the oysters has plunged , as they now contain microscopic glass spicules that are shed into the water from the hulls of the numerous plastic fibreglass boats in Chichester Harbour .


In the run up to D-Day , the Canadian Army used these woods as one of their pre-invasion assembly points for men and material .


A standard solution to this problem is found in Zermelo 's set theory , which does not allow the unrestricted formation of sets from arbitrary properties .


There are four types of instability in emulsions : flocculation , creaming / sedimentation , coalescence , and Ostwald ripening .


Short-period comets originate in the Kuiper belt or its associated scattered disc , which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune .


Long-period comets are thought to originate in the Oort cloud , a spherical cloud of icy bodies extending from outside the Kuiper belt to halfway to the nearest star .


Long-period comets are set in motion towards the Sun from the Oort cloud by gravitational perturbations caused by passing stars and the galactic tide .


It was here that their third and last child , Agatha , was born in 1890 .


That , in turn , is a latinization of the Greek κομήτης ( " wearing long hair " ) , and the " Oxford English Dictionary " notes that the term ( ἀστὴρ ) κομήτης already meant " long-haired star , comet " in Greek .


In 2009 , it was confirmed that the amino acid glycine had been found in the comet dust recovered by NASA 's Stardust mission .


In August 2011 , a report , based on NASA studies of meteorites found on Earth , was published suggesting DNA and RNA components ( adenine , guanine , and related organic molecules ) may have been formed on asteroids and comets .


Instruments on the " Philae " lander found at least sixteen organic compounds at the comet 's surface , four of which ( acetamide , acetone , methyl isocyanate and propionaldehyde ) have been detected for the first time on a comet .


" , which was about a hunt for a pair of deadly fifth columnists in wartime England .


Greek historian Ephorus reported that a comet split apart as far back as the winter of 372 – 373 BC .


Some comets have been observed to break up during their perihelion passage , including great comets West and Ikeya–Seki .


In India , by the 6th century astronomers believed that comets were celestial bodies that re-appeared periodically .


This was the view expressed in the 6th century by the astronomers Varāhamihira and Bhadrabahu , and the 10th - century astronomer Bhaṭṭotpala listed the names and estimated periods of certain comets , but it is not known how these figures were calculated or how accurate they were .


A three-part adaptation of " The A.B.C. Murders " starring John Malkovich and Rupert Grint began filming in June 2018 and was first broadcast in December 2018 .


Pliny the Elder believed that comets were connected with political unrest and death .


Galileo Galilei one of the most renowned astronomers to date , even attempted writings on comets in The Assayer .


He rejected Tycho Brahe 's theories on the parallax of comets and claimed that they may be a mere optical illusion .


He noted that three of these , the comets of 1531 , 1607 , and 1682 , had very similar orbital elements , and he was further able to account for the slight differences in their orbits in terms of gravitational perturbation caused by Jupiter and Saturn .


" Death Comes as the End " will be the next BBC adaptation .


One plan for " Cassini " involved sending it to a centaur , but NASA decided to destroy it instead .


However , even without access to optical equipment , it is still possible for the amateur astronomer to discover a sungrazing comet online by downloading images accumulated by some satellite observatories such as SOHO .


The depiction of comets in popular culture is firmly rooted in the long Western tradition of seeing comets as harbingers of doom and as omens of world-altering change .


Halley 's Comet alone has caused a slew of sensationalist publications of all sorts at each of its reappearances .


The television adaptation " Agatha Christie 's Poirot " ( 1989 – 2013 ) , with David Suchet in the title role , ran for seventy episodes over thirteen series .


Mountbatten was a favourite of Winston Churchill .


After these two successes came the Dieppe Raid of 19 August 1942 .


Although his advisers favoured a gradual transfer of independence , Mountbatten decided the only way forward was a quick and orderly transfer of independence before 1947 was out .


Mountbatten was fond of Congress leader Jawaharlal Nehru and his liberal outlook for the country .


It received nine BAFTA award nominations and won four BAFTA awards in 1990 – 1992 .


Mountbatten 's own account says that he simply wanted the maharaja Hari Singh to make up his mind .


Mountbatten served his final posting at the Admiralty as First Sea Lord and Chief of the Naval Staff from April 1955 to July 1959 , the position which his father had held some forty years before .


As Mountbatten became more familiar with this new form of weaponry , he increasingly grew opposed to its use in combat yet at the same time he realised the potential nuclear energy had , especially with regards to submarines .


After leaving the Admiralty , Mountbatten took the position of Chief of the Defence Staff .


By the mid-19 th century , however , the British Empire gave up mercantilism and trade restrictions and adopted the principle of free trade , with few restrictions or tariffs .


He was Governor of the Isle of Wight from 20 July 1965 and then the first Lord Lieutenant of the Isle of Wight from 1 April 1974 .


Like many members of the royal family , Mountbatten was an aficionado of polo .


He was a long-serving Patron of the Society for Nautical Research ( 1951 – 1979 ) .


Mountbatten usually holidayed at his summer home , Classiebawn Castle , in Mullaghmore , a small seaside village in County Sligo in the west of Ireland .


" Collins English Dictionary " defines colonialism as " the policy and practice of a power in extending control over weaker peoples or areas " .


After the public ceremonies , which he had planned himself , Mountbatten was buried in Romsey Abbey .


As part of the funeral arrangements , his body had been embalmed by Desmond Henley .


He was tried for the assassinations in Ireland and convicted on 23 November 1979 based on forensic evidence supplied by James O'Donovan that showed flecks of paint from the boat and traces of nitroglycerine on his clothes .


Mountbatten took pride in enhancing intercultural understanding and in 1984 , with his elder daughter as the patron , the Mountbatten Institute was developed to allow young adults the opportunity to enhance their intercultural appreciation and experience by spending time abroad .


Etymologically , the word " colony " comes from the Latin " colōnia " - " a place for agriculture " .


Corundum for abrasives is mined in Zimbabwe , Pakistan , Afghanistan , Russia , Sri Lanka , and India .


Historically it was mined from deposits associated with dunites in North Carolina , US and from a nepheline syenite in Craigmont , Ontario .


The Verneuil process allows the production of flawless single-crystal sapphire and ruby gems of much larger size than normally found in nature .


Corundum crystallizes with trigonal symmetry in the space group hexagonal crystal family # Crystal classes and has the lattice parameters 4.75 Å and 12.982 Å at standard conditions .


These new lands were divided between the Spanish Empire and Portuguese Empire .


He was first educated by private tutors and entered Harvard College shortly before turning 14 .


He was elected as a representative to the First Continental Congress in September 1774 , but declined , still grieving the loss of his father .


He was assigned to its committee of safety , responsible for assuring that the province 's limited supplies of weapons and gunpowder remained out of British Army hands .


It was not until 1800 that he would formally associate with the Democratic-Republicans in opposition to what he saw as attempts by the Federalists to centralize too much power in the national government .


A first wave of independence was started by the American Revolutionary War ( 1775 – 1783 ) , initiating a new phase for the British Empire .


He left the convention after a shouting match with convention chair Francis Dana .


He agreed to serve as a presidential elector for John Adams in the 1796 election .


The commissioners refused , and sought unsuccessfully to engage Talleyrand in formal negotiations .


The undeclared naval Quasi-War ( 1798 – 1800 ) followed .


However , many new colonies were established after this time , including the German colonial empire and Belgian colonial empire .


Both are on view in the rotunda of the United States Capitol .


Today , encryption is used in the transfer of communication over the Internet for security and commerce .


For example , the Computer Security Institute reported that in 2007 , 71 % of companies surveyed utilized encryption for some of their data in transit , and 53 % utilized encryption for some of their data in storage .


Encryption can be used to protect data " at rest " , such as information stored on computers and storage devices ( e.g. USB flash drives ) .


After World War II decolonisation progressed rapidly .


For example , the well-known CRIME and BREACH attacks against HTTPS were side-channel attacks that relied on information leakage via the length of encrypted content .


This contradicted the view associated with Niels Bohr and Werner Heisenberg , according to which a quantum particle does not have a definite value of a property like momentum until the measurement takes place .


In 1951 , David Bohm proposed a variant of the EPR thought experiment in which the measurements have discrete ranges of possible outcomes , unlike the position and momentum measurements considered by EPR .


Suppose we have a source that emits electron–positron pairs , with the electron sent to destination " A " , where there is an observer named Alice , and the positron sent to destination " B " , where there is an observer named Bob .


Second , all the colonial powers were significantly weakened by World War II .


In this case , if Bob subsequently measures spin along the " z " - axis , there is 100 % probability that he will obtain − " z " .


Suppose that Alice and Bob had decided to measure spin along the " x " - axis .


In state Ia , Alice 's electron has spin + " x " and Bob 's positron has spin − " x " .


In state IIa , Alice 's electron has spin − " x " and Bob 's positron has spin + " x " .


Dozens of independence movements and global political solidarity projects such as the Non-Aligned Movement were instrumental in the decolonisation efforts of former colonies .


In quantum mechanics , the " x " - spin and " z " - spin are " incompatible observables " , meaning the Heisenberg uncertainty principle applies to alternating measurements of them : a quantum state cannot possess a definite value for both of these variables .


Suppose Alice measures the " z " - spin and obtains " + z " , so that the quantum state collapses into state I. Now , instead of measuring the " z " - spin as well , Bob measures the " x " - spin .


According to quantum mechanics , when the system is in state I , Bob 's " x " - spin measurement will have a 50 % probability of producing + " x " and a 50 % probability of - " x " .


It is impossible to predict which outcome will appear until Bob actually " performs " the measurement .


Apart from the British Empire , they were not favoured destinations for the immigration of surplus populations .


It seems as if information has propagated ( faster than light ) from Alice 's apparatus to make Bob 's positron assume a definite spin in the appropriate axis .


In these " true " states , the positron going to Bob always has spin values opposite to the electron going to Alice , but the values are otherwise completely random .


For example , the first pair emitted by the source might be " ( + " z " , − " x " ) to Alice and ( − " z " , + " x " ) to Bob " , the next pair " ( − " z " , − " x " ) to Alice and ( + " z " , + " x " ) to Bob " , and so forth .


Therefore , if Bob 's measurement axis is aligned with Alice 's , he will necessarily get the opposite of whatever Alice gets ; otherwise , he will get " + " and " − " with equal probability .


The term neocolonialism has been used to refer to a variety of contexts since decolonisation that took place after World War II .


The left hand side of both equations show that the measurement of " S " on Bob 's positron is now determined , it will be − " z " in the first case or + " z " in the second case .


The right hand side of the equations show that the measurement of " S " on Bob 's positron will return , in both cases , + " x " or - " x " with probability 1 / 2 each .


" Capoeira " ( ) is an Afro-Brazilian martial art that combines elements of dance , acrobatics , and music .


It was developed by enslaved Africans in Brazil at the beginning of the 16th century .


Muslims fought for an independent country to be partitioned where they would not be a religious minority , resulting in the creation of Pakistan .


On 26 November 2014 , capoeira was granted a special protected status as intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO .


In the 16th century , Portugal had claimed one of the largest territories of the colonial empires , but lacked people to colonize it , especially workers .


Groups of capoeiristas , known as " maltas " , raided Rio de Janeiro .


Capoeira is an active exporter of Brazilian culture all over the world .


Half the native population of Hispaniola in 1518 was killed by smallpox .


Through most of its history in Brazil , capoeira commonly featured weapons and weapon training , given its street fighting nature .


Even though apelidos or these nicknames are not necessary any more , the tradition is still very alive not only in capoeira but in many aspects of Brazilian culture .


In Brazil , men who used street smarts to make a living were called " malandros " .


Performed by many capoeira groups , samba de roda is a traditional Afro-Brazilian dance and musical form that has been associated with capoeira for many decades .


Between 1736 and 1834 only some 10 % of East India Company 's officers survived to take the final voyage home .


For instance , of the 1,692 " megatonnes of carbon harvested from forests in Oregon and Washington from 1900 to 1992 , only 23 % is in long-term storage in forest products .


A test in 2002 in the Southern Ocean around Antarctica suggests that between 10,000 and 100,000 carbon atoms are sunk for each iron atom added to the water .


A major research project examining the geological sequestration of carbon dioxide is currently being performed at an oil field at Weyburn in south-eastern Saskatchewan .


Sleipner reduces emissions of carbon dioxide by approximately one million tonnes a year .


Notable examples of these plants included sugar , nutmeg , tobacco , cloves , cinnamon , Peruvian bark , peppers and tea .


Instead of dividing an octave , an equal temperament can also divide a different interval , like the equal-tempered version of the Bohlen–Pierce scale , which divides the just interval of an octave and a fifth ( ratio 3:1 ) , called a " tritave " or a " pseudo-octave " in that system , into 13 equal parts .


The MIDI encoding standard uses integer note designations .


Zhu Zaiyu is quoted as saying that , in a text dating from 1584 , " I have founded a new system .


Zhu Zaiyu created several instruments tuned to his system , including bamboo pipes .


Though Sweden did not possess an extensive colonial network , botanical research based on Carl Linnaeus identified and developed techniques to grow cinnamon , tea and rice locally as an alternative to costly imports .


He entered Nova Scotian politics in 1855 as a protégé of James William Johnston .


As premier , he established public education in Nova Scotia and expanded Nova Scotia 's railway network in order to promote industry .


An election was called , just before he was sworn in as prime minister , which his party lost to Wilfrid Laurier and the Liberals .


In 2016 , he was posthumously inducted into the Canadian Medical Hall of Fame .


Assumptions are that colonialism and imperialism are interchangeable , however Robert J. C. Young suggests that imperialism is the concept while colonialism is the practice .