The exact term "American exceptionalism" was occasionally used in the 19th century. In his "The Yale Book of Quotations", Fred Shapiro notes "exceptionalism" was used to refer to the United States and its self-image by "The Times" of London on August 20, 1861. The term's common use dates from communists in the late 1920s, when the Soviet leader Joseph Stalin chastised members of the Faction led by Jay Lovestone of the Communist Party USA for claiming that the U.S. is independent of the Marxist laws of history "thanks to its natural resources, industrial capacity, and absence of rigid class distinctions." Stalin may have been told of the usage "American exceptionalism" by Broder & Zack in "Daily Worker" (N.Y.) on January 29, 1929, before Lovestone's visit to Moscow. American communists started using the English term "American exceptionalism" in factional fights. The term was later moved into general use by intellectuals.