Many versions of word-processing programs, data-storage media, and formats for encoding images and films were in the past considered industry standards but have since been replaced by new software versions or even by completely new hardware. Files meant to be read or edited with a certain program (for example Microsoft Word) might be unreadable in other programs, and as operating systems and hardware move on, even old versions of programs developed by the same company become impossible to use on the new platform (for instance, older versions of Microsoft Works, before Works 4.5, cannot be run under Windows 2000 or later). Some industry experts actually consider obsolescence to be a security feature in some contexts, arguing that outdated software is more difficult to hack, but this idea has not been widely accepted. Many entities now consider formatting obsolescence to be a key concern. In 2002, for example, the National Initiative for a Networked Cultural Heritage cited uncompressed TIFF and ASCII and RTF as "de facto" formats unlikely to be rendered obsolete in the near future. Charles M Dollar attempted to bring attention to challenges of preserving machine-readable data in the 1970s, but it was only during the 1990s that libraries and archives came to appreciate the scope and significance of the problem. Digital obsolescence has since become a major ongoing concern across both of these professions, and so far there is no obvious solution other than the laborious continual forward-migration of files and information to the latest data-storage standards.