Damage to infrastructure and economic resources of southern Peru was severe. The colonial wine industry in southern Peru was wiped out; chronists tell how all wines were lost during the eruption and tsunamis that accompanied it. Before the eruption the Moquegua region had been a source of good wine, and afterwards the focus of viticulture shifted to Pisco, Ica and Nazca; later sugarcane became an important crop in Moquegua valley. Cattle ranching also was severely impacted by the 1600 eruption. The Arequipa and Moquegua areas were depopulated by epidemics and famine; recovery only began towards the end of the 17th century. Indigenous people from the Quinistacas valley moved to Moquegua because the Quinistacas valley was covered with ash; population movements resulting from the Huaynaputina eruption may have occurred as far away as in Bolivia. After the eruption, taxes were suspended for years, and indigenous workers were recruited from as far as Lake Titicaca and Cuzco to aid in the reconstruction. The city of Arequipa went from being a relatively wealthy city to be a place of famine and disease in the years after the eruption. Despite the damage, recovery was fast in Arequipa. New administrative surveys – so-called – had to be carried out in the Colca Valley in 1604 after population losses and the effects of the Huaynaputina eruption had reduced the ability of the local population to pay the tributes.