The verb phrase may also optionally include modal prefixes that add nuances of meaning: adversative ("ɛ̀tɩ́ɩ̀hàzɩ̀ɣ́" "he swept in spite of it"), habitual ("ɛ̀tɩ́ɩ́házɩ̀ɣ̀" "he usually sweeps"), expectative ("ɛ̀tɩ́ɩ́házɩ́ɣ́" "he sweeps in the meantime"), immediative ("ɛ̀tɩ̀hàzàá" "he swept straightaway"), pluperfect ("ɛ̀ɛ̀hàzàá" "he had swept"), future ("ɛ̀ɛ́hàzɩ̀ɣ̀ lɛ́" "when he will sweep") and negative ("ɛ̀tàhàzɩ́" "he didn't sweep"). Some of these modal prefixes may also appear in combination with each other so that, for example, negative + adversative indicates a negative categorical meaning ("ɛ̀tàtɩ́ɩ̀hàzɩ́" "he didn't sweep at all").