The 19th century also experienced a cultural revival. In 1836, the was founded on the initiative of . The main leaders of the department were involved in the cultural life of the province. Modernisation of Rodez occurred very slowly during the 19th century. Little by little, Rodez evolved by affirming and developing its role as capital of the department of Aveyron from the 21st century, creating its own economy and independence, whilst remaining linked to Toulouse. Thus, from this period, many facilities have appeared such as the , the development of the Rodez-Marcillac Airport platform, high-speed connections to Rodez, the "Esplanade du Foirail" with its multiplex cinemas, the Pierre Soulages Museum and its festival hall.