In addition, there are courses leading to the "Staatsexamen" (state examination). These did usually not transition to bachelor's and master's degrees. For future doctors, dentists, veterinarians, pharmacists, and lawyers, the "Staatsexamen" is required to be allowed to work in their profession. For teachers, judges, and public prosecutors, it is the required degree for working in civil service. Students usually study at university for 4–8 years before they take the "First Staatsexamen". Afterwards, they go on to work in their future jobs for one or two years (depending on subject and state), before they are able to take the "Second Staatsexamen", which tests their practical abilities. While it is not an academic degree formally, the "First Staatsexamen" is equivalent to a master's degree and qualifies for doctoral studies. On request, some universities bestow an additional academic degree (e.g., Diplom-Jurist or Magister iuris) on students who have passed "First Staatsexamen".