Universal appealed the verdict to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. Nintendo and Universal argued the appeals case on May 23, 1984. As evidence of consumer confusion, Universal presented the results of a telephone survey of 150 managers and owners of arcades, bowling alleys, and pizza restaurants who owned or leased "Donkey Kong" machines. To the question "To the best of your knowledge, was the "Donkey Kong" game made with the approval or under the authority of the people who produce the "King Kong" movies?", 18% of those surveyed answered in the affirmative. However, to the question "As far as you know, who makes "Donkey Kong"?", no one named Universal. Universal argued that this was enough evidence to show that consumers were confused about the distinction between the two names.