The reformation was imposed on Norway in 1537 and the Dano-Norwegian rulers used it to also impose Danish culture; this was effected through the pulpit as well as through written records, as pastors were trained in Copenhagen. Thus, written Norwegian became closely related to Danish, causing the literature to become essentially Danish. Geble Pedersson (1490–1557) was the first Lutheran Bishop of Bergen and a man of broad humanistic views; his adopted son, Absalon Pederssøn Beyer (1528–1575), followed in his footsteps as a humanist and a nationalist, writing an important historical work, "Concerning the Kingdom of Norway" (1567). Peder Claussøn Friis (1545–1615) was also a humanist who both revived the "Heimskringla" by translating it into the language of the period and wrote the first natural history of Norway as well as an important topographic study of Norway.