Luce Irigaray (born 3 May 1930) is a Belgian-born French feminist, philosopher, linguist, psycholinguist, psychoanalyst and cultural theorist who examined the uses and misuses of language in relation to women. Irigaray's first and most well known book, published in 1974, was "Speculum of the Other Woman" (1974), which analyzes the texts of Freud, Hegel, Plato, Aristotle, Descartes, and Kant through the lens of phallocentrism. Irigaray is the author of works analyzing many thinkers, including "This Sex Which Is Not One" (1977), which discusses Lacan's work as well as political economy; "Elemental Passions" (1982) can be read as a response to Merleau‐Ponty's article “The Intertwining—The Chiasm” in "The Visible and the Invisible", and in "The Forgetting of Air in Martin Heidegger" (1999), Irigaray critiques Heidegger's emphasis on the element of earth as the ground of life and speech and his "oblivion" or forgetting of air.