Shakespeare meant each play primarily to be self-contained. Thus in "Richard II" the murder of Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester, inaugurates the action—John of Gaunt places the guilt on Richard II—but Woodstock is forgotten in the later plays. Again, Henry IV, at the end of "Richard II", speaks of a crusade as reparation for Richard's death: but in the next two plays he does not show remorse for his treatment of Richard. As for the "Henry VI" plays, the Yorkist view of history in "1 Henry VI" differs from that in "2 Henry VI": in Part 1 the conspiracy of the Yorkist Richard Earl of Cambridge against Henry V is admitted; in Part 2 it is passed silently over. Henry VI's attitude to his own claim undergoes changes. "Richard III" does not refer to "any" events prior to Henry VI's reign.