On 17 January 2012, New Jersey governor Chris Christie signed into law a bill (S.3172/A.4436) that legalised direct shipping from winery to consumers, and permits state wineries to open as many as 18 offsite retail tasting rooms in the state. The law allows wineries that make less than 250,000 gallons of wine annually (a "capacity cap limit") to ship wine to state residents. Because this prohibits 90% of wine made in the United States, but does not affect New Jersey's small wineries, proponents of the law fear that this section of the law will be struck down as unconstitutional. The U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit had struck down a similar limit in Massachusetts in 2008 and the Supreme Court of the United States addressed direct shipping laws a few years earlier.