No navy built pure "all or nothing" battleships although most navies put the theory into use to some degree. Even Japan's giant was armored along all-or-nothing principles as there simply was no other way to provide the heroic scale of protection they required. Of the battleships designed and built within the full constraints of the Washington Treaty, the Royal Navy's and the French navy's came closest to the ideal. Even in these ships some degree of "splinter protection" was included to protect key systems and personnel from fragmentation damage.