Unlike ARA whose units are in $−1, RRA is a dimension-less quantity, which allows it to be applied universally. Like for absolute risk aversion, the corresponding terms "constant relative risk aversion" (CRRA) and "decreasing/increasing relative risk aversion" (DRRA/IRRA) are used. This measure has the advantage that it is still a valid measure of risk aversion, even if the utility function changes from risk averse to risk loving as "c" varies, i.e. utility is not strictly convex/concave over all "c". A constant RRA implies a decreasing ARA, but the reverse is not always true. As a specific example of constant relative risk aversion, the utility function formula_41 implies RRA = 1.