Optimism reigns as Joe Biden takes the presidency, although there are serious differences. Both countries are concerned about the growing maritime presence and influence of China. Indians are optimistic that the Biden administration will ease visa requirements for Indian immigration as well as its entry into the Nuclear Suppliers Group. Both countries hope to see increased trade. The U.S. is concerned about India′s coziness with Russia on defense issues and its energy relationship with Iran despite U.S. sanctions. Vice President Kamala Harris expressed concern about the situation in Kashmir when she was a senator in 2019, and American concern about Indian treatment of dissenters and minorities is a sticky point, although it is unlikely to interfere with larger goals.