Albert (1559-1621) was son and brother of Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor. His uncle, brother-in-law, and father-in-law was King Philip II of Spain. Albert ruled the Royal Netherlands with his spouse, Philip’s daughter Elisabeth. He had little military experience. The Spanish army was as experienced as the Dutch, as were its officers, except for several of the highest in command. During Albert's absence in 1598-99, getting married in Spain, the Spanish army had been led by Mendoza, aka the Admiral of Aragon.