During the early 20th century, the emergence of working-class consciousness led to the formation of several left-wing newspapers including "The Maoriland Worker" (1910–1924), "The Weekly Herald", "The Transport Worker", and "The New Zealand Watersider". During the 1930s, they were joined by activist theatre companies, politically-engaged literary magazines, the Left Book Club, the Co-Operative Book Movement, and the Progressive Publishing Company. During the Great Depression, liberal-left perspectives penetrated mainstream New Zealand society through churches, women's groups, populist radio programmes, and the Labour Party.