Major critical essays on Nitobe's life and thought were collected in John F. Howes, ed. "Nitobe Inazo: Japan's Bridge Across the Pacific" (Westview, 1995). Full biography in English is: George M. Oshiro, "Internationalist in Pre-War Japan: Nitobe Inazo, 1862–1933" (UBC PhD. Thesis, 1986); and in Japanese by the same author: "Nitobe Inazo, Kokusai-shugi no Kaitakusha" (Chūō Daigaku Shuppanbu, 1992). The most detailed account of Nitobe's life after his tenure in the League of Nations, available in English, is: "Nitobe Inazo, The Twilight Years", by Uchikawa Eiichiro (Kyobunkwan, 1985). Six (6) critical essays on Nitobe's legacy are included in "Why Japan Matters!", vol. 2, edited by Joseph F. Kess and Helen Lansdowne (University of Victoria, 2005), pp. 519–573, 655–663.