Circumstantial bilinguals, on the other hand, are those who are forced to learn a second language due to their social, geographical, or political situations. For example, immigrants who relocate to a new country may learn the new language in order to survive. For circumstantial bilinguals, child learners will enter a "functional" stage of learning the language after about two years of being in a new country. This means that they will be fluent or almost fluent, and have the necessary written and oral language skills to function in all aspects of life. Adult learners will most likely not enter the functional stage until they have been in the new country for 10 years.