Plant genomes can be engineered by physical methods or by use of "Agrobacterium" for the delivery of sequences hosted in T-DNA binary vectors. In plants the DNA is often inserted using "Agrobacterium"-mediated transformation, taking advantage of the "Agrobacterium"s T-DNA sequence that allows natural insertion of genetic material into plant cells. Other methods include biolistics, where particles of gold or tungsten are coated with DNA and then shot into young plant cells, and electroporation, which involves using an electric shock to make the cell membrane permeable to plasmid DNA.