Since its introduction in the 1990s, "manga" publishing and "anime" broadcasting have become intertwined in France, where the most popular and exploited "shōnen", "shōjo" and "seinen" TV series were imported in their paper version. Therefore, Japanese books ("manga") were naturally and readily accepted by a large juvenile public who was already familiar with the series and received the "manga" as part of their own culture. A strong parallel backup was the emergence of Japanese video games, Nintendo/Sega, which were mostly based on "manga" and "anime" series.