For England the treaty was a huge diplomatic triumph as well as an economic necessity. English public opinion however showed that the peace treaty was highly unpopular - many considered it a "humiliating peace" Many felt that the King had abandoned their ally the Netherlands, in order to appease the Spanish Crown and it also made James I "monumentally unpopular". The deal, however, made sure the Protestant reformation there had been protected, and James and his ministers refused the Spanish demand for Catholic toleration in England. After the defeat at Kinsale in 1602, the Treaty of Mellifont was concluded the following year between James I and the Irish rebels. In the subsequent London treaty Spain pledged not to support the rebels.