A second kind of 'merger' agreements were demanded from larger states along sensitive border areas: Kutch in western India, and Tripura and Manipur in Northeast India. They were not merged into other states but retained as Chief Commissioners' Provinces under the central government control. Bhopal, whose ruler was proud of the efficiency of his administration and feared that it would lose its identity if merged with the Maratha states that were its neighbours, also became a directly administered Chief Commissioner's Province, as did Bilaspur, much of which was likely to be flooded on completion of the Bhakra dam.