The Thirty Years' War put an end to the prosperity of the town. The properties of the Smiřickýs, who had been loyal to King Frederick of the Palatinate, were seized by the imperial treasury after the Battle of the White Mountain and sold to the Trčkas of Lípa in 1623. When Adam Erdman Trčka was assassinated (together with Wallenstein) in Cheb in 1634, the domain was seized again and donated by the Emperor to his general Ottavio Piccolomini, later Duke of Amalfi. Thus the town fell into the hands of an Italian family, suffered from military operations and forced re-catholicization, but also enjoyed some development: the château was grandly rebuilt in the Baroque style, the first street in the town was paved in 1638, a new town hall was built and St. Lawrence's Church on the square renovated after the fire of 1663. The burgesses were also granted some privileges.