In 2008, Ciena earned $902 million and reported a profit of $39 million. The company earned $653 million and reported a loss of $580 million in 2009; Ciena was generating approximately two-thirds of its revenue in the U.S. at the time. Ciena had net losses until 2015, when the company earned $2.4 billion in sales and posted a $12 million profit. Ciena's global workforce increased from 4,300 in 2011 to 5,345 by October 2015. The company's research and development budget for its Ottawa facilities was approximately $180 million per year, as of 2015.