Roa Bastos further established himself as a screenwriter with the screenplay of "Shunko" (1960), directed by Lautaro Murúa and based on the memoirs of a country school teacher. In 1961 he once again collaborated with Murúa for "Alias Gardelito" (1961), which depicted the lives of urban petty criminals and became a major independent film of the "nuevo cine" movement. In 1974 Roa Bastos published his influential masterpiece "Yo, el Supremo", the result of seven years' work. When Jorge Rafael Videla's military dictatorship came to power in 1976, however, the book was banned in Argentina, and Roa Bastos was exiled once again, this time to Toulouse, France.