This list includes only seat belt laws, which often do not themselves apply to children. Even so, all 50 U.S. states, the District of Columbia, and all 5 inhabited U.S. territories have separate child restraint laws. Note that these fines are the base fines only. In many cases, significant add-on fees, such as the head injury fund and court security fees, can increase the total assessed fine often by up to a factor of five times as much. These are also for a "first offense", and fines for subsequent offenses are often much higher.