The autograph New Testament manuscripts were lost, and it is widely accepted that were from Jewish origin, (i.e. Richard Bauckham, Professor at the University of St. Andrews and Mark Allan Powell, Professor of New Testament at Trinity Lutheran Seminary). The oldest known formula_152 is a Christian manuscript, and it is assumed that "nomina sacra" were absent. Robert Shedinger (Professor of Religion at Luther College) quoting Howard and internal evidence of the "Diatessaron", gives θεος as an intermediate change before κυριος in the New Testament Greek copies, like Kristin De Troyer (Professor of Old Testament at the University of Salzburg) proposed it in the Old Testament.