A "British standard" began to emerge following the 1755 publication of Samuel Johnson's "A Dictionary of the English Language", and an "American standard" started following the work of Noah Webster and, in particular, his "An American Dictionary of the English Language", first published in 1828. Webster's efforts at spelling reform were somewhat effective in his native country, resulting in certain well-known patterns of spelling differences between the American and British varieties of English. However, English-language spelling reform has rarely been adopted otherwise. As a result, modern English orthography varies only minimally between countries and is far from phonemic in any country.