On the French side, as a token of goodwill towards the Germans, coastal defences were strengthened to safeguard Toulon from an attack from the sea by the Allies. These preparations included preparations for scuttling the fleet, in case a landing attempt by the Allies succeeded. French forces were commanded by Admiral Jean de Laborde (chief of the "High Seas Fleet", composed of the 38 most modern and powerful warships) and Admiral André Marquis ("préfet maritime", commanding a total of 135 ships, either in armistice custody or under repair).