In contrast, in India, the word secular does not mean a "thorough-going separation of religion and state" states Donald Smith. However, some separation exists. According to the Constitution of India, states Smith, there is no official state religion in India, schools that are wholly owned by the state can not mandate religious instruction (Article 28), and there can be no taxes to support any particular religion (Article 27). Overlap is permitted, whereby institutions that are not entirely financed by the state can mandate religious instruction, and state can provide financial aid to maintain and construct religious buildings or infrastructure. Furthermore, India's constitutional framework allows "extensive state interference in religious affairs".