Some traditional processes also involve the use of raw pig's blood or sea sands as part of the undercoat. The use of pig's blood takes advantage of its coagulative properties; blood is mixed with "jinoko", a clay powder, as a base coat, and on top of this is applied a mixture of blood and "tonoko", another form of pulverized whetstone or clay. The blood is used instead of typical lacquer throughout the base-coating process. Once dried, the pig's blood becomes insoluble in water and the lacquer topcoat is able to adhere without flaking or lifting off.