Arts integration is related to arts education in schools. Arts education, while existing in different forms during the 19th century, gained popularity as part of John Dewey's Progressive Education Theory. The first publication that describes a seamless interplay between the arts and other subjects (arts integration) taught in American schools was Leon Winslow's "The Integrated School Art Program (1939)." For the remainder of the 20th century, arts education's role in public schools ebbed and flowed with the country's political leanings and financial well-being.