The series has sold over 100 million copies worldwide in 37 languages. In 2008, the four "Twilight" books were in the top four spots on "USA Today"s year-end bestseller list. Meyer was the bestselling author of 2008, and the first author to have books in all four of the top-selling spots. The "Twilight" novels held the top four spots on "USA Today"s year-end list again in 2009. The success of the "Twilight" series has been attributed to the Internet which allowed Meyer to directly reach out to her fans, leading the series to be called "the first social networking bestseller." According to scholar Lykke Guanio-Uluru, the "Twilight" series "popularized and helped redefine, the paranormal romance subgenre".