During the American Civil War, Waynesboro played a part in the Gettysburg Campaign in June and July 1863. In the week before the Battle of Gettysburg, Confederate Major General Jubal Early's division of Lieutenant General Richard S. Ewell's corps of the Army of Northern Virginia passed through the community on its way northward. After the battle, General Robert E. Lee rode through the border community with his retreating forces. In 1963, a book, "Fifteen Days under the Confederate Flag", told of their two-week occupation. "Waynesboro During the Civil War" (2011) recounts the experiences of Waynesboro's residents during the war.