Beethoven uses antiphonal dynamics (four bars of "piano" contrasted against four bars of "forte"), and opens the movement with a six-note falling-scale motif. finds that Beethoven here indulged the rougher side of his humour by using two folk songs, "Unsa kätz häd kaz'ln g'habt" (Our cat has had kittens) and "Ich bin lüderlich, du bist lüderlich" (lüderlich translates roughly as "dissolute" or "slob"). However, Tovey earlier decided that such theories of the themes' origins were "unscrupulous", since the first of these folk songs was arranged by Beethoven some time before this work's composition in payment for a publisher's trifling postage charge – the nature of the arrangement making it clear that the folk songs were of little importance to the composer .