He also faced much adversity, such as the outbreak of World War I and the rise of Communism. Bishop Chartrand dealt with threats from the Ku Klux Klan by publishing a list of Klan members in the "Indianapolis Times" newspaper. During the Great Depression he exempted the entire diocese from fasting, with the exception of Fridays during Lent. (He was appointed Archbishop of Cincinnati, and Bishop John McNicholas appointed Bishop of Indianapolis, in 1925, but Bishop Chartrand declined the Cincinnati appointment. So, the two Bishops switched places, with Bishop Chartrand being reappointed to Indianapolis.)