The gerund has a variety of uses and can mean (with "haciendo", for example) "doing/while doing/by doing/because of one's doing/through doing" and so on. It is also used to form progressive constructions, such as "estoy haciendo" ("I am doing"). The gerund cannot be used as an adjective and generally has no corresponding adjectival forms. The now-mostly archaic present participle, which ended in "-ante" or "-iente" and formerly filled this function, in some cases survives as such an adjective (e.g. "durmiente" ("sleeping"), "interesante" ("interesting")), but they are limited, and in cases where it does not, other constructions must be used to express the same ideas: where in English one would say "the crying baby", one would say in Spanish "el bebé que llora" ("the baby who's crying"; "llorante" is archaic).