Starting with a more or less arbitrary choice for e.g. formula_23 and formula_50, the appropriate values for formula_20 and formula_54 can be calculated in favor of the desired formula_31 and formula_33. In practice, certain choices of component values will perform better than others due to the non-idealities of real operational amplifiers. As an example, high resistor values will increase the circuit's noise production, whilst contributing to the DC offset voltage on the output of op amps equipped with bipolar input transistors.