The character's second incarnation Jason Todd first appeared in "Batman" #357 (1983). This Robin made regular appearances in Batman related comic books until 1988, when the character was murdered by the Joker in the storyline "" (1989). Jason would later find himself alive after a reality-changing incident, eventually becoming the Red Hood. The premiere "Robin" limited series was published in 1991 which featured the character's third incarnation Tim Drake training to earn the role of Batman's vigilante partner. Following two successful sequels, the monthly "Robin" ongoing series began in 1993 and ended in early 2009, which also helped his transition from sidekick to a superhero in his own right. In 2004 storylines, established DC Comics character Stephanie Brown became the fourth Robin for a short duration before the role reverted to Tim Drake. Damian Wayne succeeds Drake as Robin in the 2009 story arc "" up until disowning it in "Teen Titans Annual" #2 in 2020.