Between 1960 and 1967, he was a professor of international economics at Stockholm University. In 1961, he founded the Institute for International Economic Studies at the University. Throughout the 1960s, he worked on a comprehensive study of trends and policies in South Asia for the Twentieth Century Fund. The study culminated in his three-volume "Asian Drama: An Inquiry into the Poverty of Nations," published in 1968. In 1970, he published a companion book called "The Challenge of World Poverty," where he laid out what he believed to be the chief policy solutions to the problems he outlined in "Asian Drama."