Nevertheless, according to some scholars, Nhu's personalism was evaluated as "a vague mish–mash of ideas" or "a hodgepodge" because "it was a mixture of Catholic teachings, Mounier's Personalism, Confucius' humanism, some factors of Capitalism and anti-communist spiritualism" and its actual substance was "maddeningly opaque". Thus, even the Vietnamese intellectuals could not understand Nhu's doctrine; neither could Americans, who spent much time in examining his doctrine and gave up. Lately, the values of Personalism ("Chủ nghĩa nhân vị") of the Ngô brothers has been revised. According to Nguyễn Ngọc Tấn, their Personalism, along with their Democratic Ethical Regime based on Personalism as a combination of the quintessence of Western values and Asian values, was a contribution to political science, especially in resolving the democratization issue in developing post-colonial countries, such as Vietnam today. Nguyễn Lập Duy, on the other hand, has argued that Personalism can be characterized as a form of Marxist humanism.