The origins of the Maremmana breed are entirely obscure. Some sources maintain that the Maremmana descends from the "Bos taurus macrocerus" of which archeological evidence is preserved in the Etruscan remains of Caere and Vetulonia, with a later admixture of Podolic cattle brought into the Italian peninsula by the Huns and other invaders from the East. Others suggest that the Maremmana is a direct descendant of those Asiatic grey cattle, while still others maintain that it descends directly from the aurochs, "Bos primigenius primigenius".