In 1998, the H&K USP Compact with the LEM trigger action, in .40 Smith & Wesson, was adopted by the United States Immigration and Naturalization Service as the duty sidearm for its Special Agents and plain clothes officers. In 2004, after the I&NS's criminal investigations branch merged with the U.S. Customs Service's Office of Investigations into the U.S. Department of Homeland Security's Homeland Security Investigations, the former I&NS Special Agents continued to carry the USP Compact. New duty pistols, the SIG Sauer Model P229 DAK, in .40 Caliber Smith & Wesson, were eventually issued to the HSI Special Agents after new pistol contracts were awarded by DHS.