With the advent of the Second Republic in 1931, Ibárruri moved to Madrid. She became the editor of the PCE newspaper "Mundo Obrero". She was arrested for the first time in September 1931. Jailed with common offenders, she persuaded them to begin a hunger strike to obtain freedom for political detainees. Following a second arrest in March 1932, she led other inmates in singing "The Internationale" in the visiting room. She encouraged them to turn down poorly paid menial labour in the prison yard. She wrote two articles from jail, one published by PCE periodical "Frente Rojo" and the other by "Mundo Obrero". On March 17, 1932, she was elected to the Central Committee of the PCE at the 4th Congress held in Seville.