Following periods of fluctuating success, urban music attained commercial dominance during the early 2000s, which featured massive crossover success on the "Billboard" charts by R&B and hip hop artists. In 2004, all 12 songs that topped the "Billboard" Hot 100 were African-American recording artists and accounted for 80% of the number-one R&B hits that year. Along with Usher's streak of singles, top 40 radio and both pop and R&B charts were topped by OutKast's "Hey Ya!", Snoop Dogg's "Drop It Like It's Hot", Terror Squad's "Lean Back" and Ciara's "Goodies". Chris Molanphy of "The Village Voice" later remarked that by the early 2000s, urban music "was" pop music