In April 2016, 11 million documents belonging to Panamanian law firm Mossack Fonseca were leaked to the German newspaper "Süddeutsche Zeitung" and the Washington-based International Consortium of Investigative Journalists. The name of Vladimir Putin does not appear in any of the records, and Putin denied his involvement with the company. However, various media have reported on three of Putin's associates on the list. According to the Panama Papers leak, close trusted associates of Putin own offshore companies worth US$2 billion in total. The German newspaper "Süddeutsche Zeitung" regards the possibility of Putin's family profiting from this money as plausible.