Holford believes that there is a potential link in some susceptible children between the MMR vaccine and the development of autism-like symptoms. This is against the overwhelming consensus of the scientific community and many high-quality empirical studies that demonstrate there is no such link. The Wakefield "et al." paper upon which this hypothesis was based has been discredited by the scientific community, was retracted from the journal, and 10 of the 12 co-authors have formally disavowed the paper's conclusions. Furthermore, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences, the UK National Health Service and the Cochrane Library review have all concluded that there is no evidence of a link between the MMR vaccine and autism. (See MMR vaccine controversy)