The mid- to late-Joseon Dynasty is considered the golden age of Korean painting. It coincides with the shock of the collapse of Ming dynasty links with the Manchu emperors accession in China, and the forcing of Korean artists to build new artistic models based on nationalism and an inner search for particular Korean subjects. At this time China ceased to have pre-eminent influence, Korean art took its own course, and became increasingly distinctive. New genres of Korean painting flourished, such as "chaekgeori" (paintings of books) and "munjado" (paintings of letters), revealing the infatuation with books and learning in Korean culture. Korean folk art, called "minhwa", also emerged during this time.