Southern populations of onagers in the Middle East and South Asia tend to have a purely territorial life, where areas partly overlap. Dominant stallions have home ranges of , but they can also be significantly larger. These territories include food and rest stops and permanent or periodic water sources. The waters are usually at the edge of a coalfield and not in the center. Mares with foals sometimes find themselves in small groups, in areas up to , which overlap with those of the other groups and dominant stallions. Such features are seen in Grévy's zebras ("E. grevyi") and the African wild asses.