The United States Supreme Court granted certiorari to consider questions raised in "Berman v. Parker," and later in "Hawaii Housing Authority v. Midkiff", . Namely, whether a "public purpose" constitutes a "public use" for purposes of the Fifth Amendment's Taking Clause: "nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation." Specifically, does the Fifth Amendment, applicable to the states through the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment (see main article: Incorporation of the Bill of Rights), protect landowners from takings for economic development, rather than, as in "Berman," for the elimination of slums and blight?