UM is led by a board of trustees. The board has 48 elected members, 3 alumni representatives, 23 senior members, 4 national members, 6 "ex officio" members, 14 emeriti members and 1 student representative. "Ex officio" members, who serve by virtue of their positions in the university, include the president of the university; the president and immediate past president of the citizens board; and the president, president-elect and immediate past president of the alumni association. Since 1982, the board has eleven visiting committees, which include both trustees and outside experts, to help oversee the individual academic units.