Recent scholarship indicates that in his work on perspective, Ghiberti was influenced by the Arab polymath Alhazen who had written about the optical basis of perspective in the early 11th century. His "Book of Optics" was translated into Italian in the 14th century as "Deli Aspecti", and was quoted at length in Ghiberti's "Commentario terzo." Author A. Mark Smith suggests that, through Ghiberti, Alhazen's "Book of Optics" "may well have been central to the development of artificial perspective in early Renaissance Italian painting."