The decision caused an immediate negative reaction from some citizens of Washington. Bumper stickers reading "Can Judge Boldt, Not Salmon" appeared, and Boldt was hanged in effigy at the federal courthouse. Non-Indigenous commercial fishermen ignored the ruling, and the state was reluctant or at times refused to enforce the law. By 1978, Representative John E. Cunningham tried to get a bill passed to abrogate the treaties, to break up Indigenous peoples holdings, and stop giving the tribes "special consideration", but the effort failed. In 1984, Washington voters passed an initiative ending "special rights" for Indigenous peoples, but the state refused to enforce it as being pre-empted by federal law.