Brivati writes that for Gaitskell "socialism was not an end state … but the reform of institutions and practices for the more effective realisation of preferred values". Evan Durbin's "Politics of Democratic Socialism" (1940) was a seminal text. Gaitskell was not, in Brivati's view, a "progressive" in any modern sense. He favoured equality and thought the free market wasteful. He wanted to incorporate Liberal opinion within the Labour vote. However, the modernising leaders of subsequent generations, Neil Kinnock and Tony Blair, were to a certain extent continuing Gaitskell's tradition.