The term was coined in 1897 by the conservationist Ernst Rudorff; referring to the German term "Heimat" which had become popular since the Napoleonic Wars of Liberation and gained increasing political meaning during the rise of Romantic nationalism. Numerous historical and folk art societies arose, such as the bourgeois "Wandervogel" youth movement in 1896. On 30 March 1904, Rudorff founded the "Bund Heimatschutz" association in Dresden; the architect Paul Schultze-Naumburg being its first head. In 1916, Austrian Max Dvořák's "Katechismus der Denkmalpflege" appeared. In this book Dvorak builds upon the ideas of fellow-countryman Alois Riegl and extends the idea of "homeland protection" beyond simply protection of geographical borders to encapsulate a society's culture.