The text "Prithviraj Raso", by Chanda Baradai, about the 1192 CE defeat of Prithviraj Chauhan at the hands of Muhammad Ghori, is full of references to "Hindus" and "Turks", and at one stage, says "both the religions have drawn their curved swords;" however, the date of this text is unclear and considered by most scholars to be more recent. In Islamic literature, 'Abd al-Malik Isami's Persian work, "Futuhu's-salatin", composed in the Deccan in 1350, uses the word " to mean Indian in the ethno-geographical sense and the word " to mean 'Hindu' in the sense of a follower of the Hindu religion". The poet Vidyapati's poem "Kirtilata" contrasts the cultures of Hindus and Turks (Muslims) in a city and concludes "The Hindus and the Turks live close together; Each makes fun of the other's religion ("dhamme")." One of the earliest uses of word 'Hindu' in religious context in a European language (Spanish), was the publication in 1649 by Sebastiao Manrique.