A. Osipov states that the Orthodox use of the Greek word μεταβολή ("metabole"), meaning "change", and the Russian преложение in relation to the Eucharist should not be taken as equivalent to the word "transubstantiation", which has been rendered as "metousiosis". Eastern theologians who use the word "transubstantiation" or "metousiosis" are careful to exclude the notion that it is an explanation of "how" the bread and wine of the sacrament are changed into the body and blood of Christ, instead of being a statement of "what" is changed. Both Orlov and Nikolaj Uspenksij appeal to Church Fathers who, when speaking of other doctrines, drew analogies from the Eucharist and spoke of it as bread and wine, but as having also a heavenly nature.