In 1960, the syllabus was changed to six papers, of which four were compulsory: Common Law (comprising the general principles of contract and torts), the Roman Law of Ownership and Possession, Equity, and Conflict of Laws. The two optional papers were to be chosen from either the Development of Modern Jurisprudence, the Roman Law of Condictiones, the Law of Evidence, Criminal Law and Penology, Public International Law, Roman Dutch Law, Legal History: the Legislation of Edward I, Administrative Law, the Comparative Law of Matrimonial Causes. For non-Oxford graduates, there was a Preliminary Examination after the first year.