Gupta is "a close ally of both Clintons," and a "major Democratic fundraiser" and "rainmaker." He "has a long history of giving and raising campaign money for the Clintons, and gave $1 million for the 2000 Millennium Celebration, a New Year's Party thrown by the Clintons." Gupta later "hired Bill Clinton as a consultant . . . one of two continuing business relationships has had since leaving office . . . worth $3.3 million," through infoGroup, the company formerly "owned by Vinod Gupta, a billionaire who has raised hundreds of thousands of dollars for the Clintons' campaigns and contributed $1 million to the Clinton Foundation."