It directs the FDA to designate a "priority countermeasure" as a fast track product pursuant to the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. It requires the FDA to give priority to accelerated countermeasure research and development and requires the FDA to issue a final rule within 90 days allowing reliance on animal trials for countermeasures for public health emergencies. It directs the Secretary to periodically evaluate new technology to improve the ability of public health officials to conduct public health surveillance activities relating to bioterrorism or other public health emergency.