Some modern scholars believe it is a mistake to conflate the two terms, however. David Kalupahana argues that "citta-mātra" signifies a metaphysical reification of mind into an absolute, while "vijñapti-mātra" refers to a certain epistemological approach. While the standard translations for these terms are often "consciousness only" and "mind-only" (signifying an Idealistic doctrine), several modern scholars object to these, as well as to Idealistic interpretation. According to Bruce Cameron Hall, the interpretation of this doctrine as a form of subjective or absolute idealism has been "the most common "outside" interpretation of "Vijñānavāda", not only by modern writers, but by its ancient opponents, both Hindu and Buddhist."