Toward the latter part of 1893, Zhitlowsky, now a Ph.D., aided by Shloyme Rappaport, M. Rosenbaum and several other Russian radicals, founded the Federation of Socialist Revolutionaries from which later developed the Socialist Revolutionary Party. The group opposed dogmatic Marxism. The newspaper "The Russian Worker", appearing under Zhitlowsky's and Rappaport's editorship, spread propaganda among the masses. The Verband published in 1898 Zhitlowsky's theoretical work, "Socialism and the Fight for Political Freedom", written under the pen name Gregorovich. In this work, he tried to synthesize the three principal currents of the Russian revolutionary movement. From time to time, he contributed to several well-known Russian magazines, such as "Russkoye Bogastvo"; articles on Marxism and philosophy in the Jewish—Russian Voskhod; and contributed also to "Sozialistische Monatshefte" and "Deutsche Worte".