The grounds had many fine trees, and in addition to those already mentioned, there were Monterey cypress ("Cupressus macrocarpa"), common yew ("Taxus baccata"), "Laburnum", Turkey oaks ("Quercus cerris"), black poplar, strawberry tree, elms ("Ulmus" spp.) and holm oaks ("Quercus ilex"). The knopper gall grows from a distortion of the growing acorn, greatly reducing the fecundity of the oak host. It has a two phase life-cycle that requires both pedunculate oak and Turkey oak. Woodway gardens have this species and Woodway House was one of the first places in Devon to record both life-cycle stages of this invading insect. The insect concerned ("Andricus quercuscalicis") came from the continent to Devon via the Channel Islands. Large numbers of knopper galls were sent from Woodway for research purposes in the late 1970s when the infestation first struck (Griffith 2006). A feature of the old hedge forming a boundary by the garage was the pennywort ("Umbilicus rupestris") a typical plant of Devon country lanes. The winter heliotrope is a distinctive weed species and lady's smock is an early spring flower.