The Fatimid Caliphate of the 10th century was established and created by the Kutama Berbers and originated in Lower Kabylia, where an Ismaili missionary ("dā‘ī") found a receptive audience for his millennialist preaching and ultimately led the Kutama tribe to be accepted as a voluntary tax collector in Ifriqiya. After failing to raise the money and support he had hoped for, the Kutama tribe/family left for Egypt. A Berber family emerged as a formidable leaders in the unique Berber form of elected delegates form of government (through financial contribution and thus influence), the Zirids. Beyond their immediate Zirid territory ("aarch"/Congregation) another "aarch" and family Hammadid and its associates emerged in Kabylia with influence covering most of today's Algeria, whereas the Zirid's territory extended eastward to cover the area of modern Tunisia. Both of the Hammadid and Zirid empires as well as the Fatimids established their rule in all of the Maghreb countries. The Zirids ruled land in what is now Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco, Libya, Spain, Malta and Italy. The Hammadids captured and held important regions such as Ouargla, Constantine, Sfax, Susa, Algiers, Tripoli and Fez establishing their rule in every country in the Maghreb region. The Fatimids conquered all of North Africa as well as Sicily and parts of the Middle East.