The earliest mention of Spain is, allegedly, found in Obadiah 1:20: "And the exiles of this host of the sons of Israel who are among the Canaanites as far as Ṣarfat (), and the exiles of Jerusalem who are in Sepharad, will possess the cities of the south." While the medieval lexicographer, David ben Abraham Al-Fāsī, identifies Ṣarfat with the city of Ṣarfend (Judeo-Arabic: ), the word Sepharad () in the same verse has been translated by the 1st-century rabbinic scholar, Yonathan Ben Uzziel, as "Aspamia". Based on a later teaching in the compendium of Jewish oral laws compiled by Rabbi Judah Hanasi in 189 CE, known as the Mishnah, "Aspamia" is associated with a very far place, generally thought of as Hispania, or Spain. In "circa" 960 CE, Ḥisdai ibn Šaprūṭ, minister of trade in the court of the Caliph in Córdoba, wrote to Joseph, the king of Khazaria, saying: "The name of our land in which we dwell is called in the sacred tongue, "Sefarad", but in the language of the Arabs, the indwellers of the lands, "Alandalus" , the name of the capital of the kingdom, Córdoba."