Traditionally, in the winter the Yup'ik lived in semi-permanent subterranean houses, with some for the men and others for the women (with their children) . The Yup'ik men lived together in a larger communal house ("qasgiq"), while women and children lived in a smaller different sod houses ("ena"). Although the men and women lived separately, they had many interactions. Depending on the village, "qasgiq" and "ena" were connected by a tunnel. Both qasgiq and ena also served as school and workshop for young boys and girls. Among the Akulmiut, the residential pattern of separate houses for women and children and a single residence for men and boys persisted until about 1930.