The deployment of C Force has been the object of immense controversy. Because the Battle of Hong Kong was an Allied defeat, there have been various efforts almost from the moment the battle ended to find a culprit to blame the defeat on. In 1948 a report by Christopher Maltby appeared in which he largely blamed C Force for the defeat. The report was censored by the order of Field Marshal Bernard Law Montgomery, the Chief of the Imperial General Staff, who removed the "more inflammatory passages" from Maltby's report out of the fear of causing a crisis in Anglo-Canadian relations. The full uncensored version of Maltby's report did not become public until 1993. In a critique of Maltby's report, the British-born Canadian General Charles Foulkes who was serving as chief of the general staff in 1948 wrote: "The most regrettable feature arising out of the inadequate training and equipping was the effect on the morale and fighting efficiency of the Canadian troops, which unfortunately was interpreted by their British superiors as a lack of courage, willingness to fight and even in some cases cowardice. On the other hand this has caused in the minds of Canadian troops bitterness, lack of confidence and resentment in the British superiors". A number of British historians such as Oliver Lindsay in the first edition of "The Lasting Honor" (1978), Tim Carew in "The Fall of Hong Kong: Britain, China and the Japanese Occupation" (1963), Philip Snow in "The Fall of Hong Kong" (2003), and Andrew Whitfield in "Hong Kong, Empire and the Anglo-American Alliance at War" (2003) have portrayed C Force as a cowardly and undisciplined with the implication that Hong Kong could have held out longer if only C Force had fought better. Such criticism had its origins in a report in 1948 by Matlby. In Canada, such criticism of C Force has been echoed by historians such as Carl Vincent in "No Reason Why: The Canadian Hong Kong Tragedy, An Examination" (1981) and by the McKenna brothers who produced a documentary in 1992 "The Valor and the Horror" that portrayed C Force in an unflattering light.