He went to Berlin and resumed his study of Jewish history, Marxism and philosophy. He was expelled from Germany, under the anti-Socialist law, and moved to Zurich. He immediately became active, founding the non-partisan "Verein für Wissenschaft und Leben des Jüdischen Volkes," for the purpose of inculcating nationalism and socialism among the Jewish masses. He engaged in debates between the orthodox and the adherents of the Narodnaya Volya. The latter evolved into the Social Revolutionary Party. He moved to Berne to study. Here, too, he founded an organization similar to the one in Zurich.