The Fourth Republic was governed under the "Yu-shin Constitution", also spelled "Yushin" (Hangul: / Hanja: 維新) which in Korean means "rejuvenation" or "renewal". "Yushin" has the same Chinese root of "restoration" as a component of the Japanese 明治維新, "Meiji-ishin", meaning Meiji Restoration, the event which brought Japan under the effective rule of the Emperor of Japan and began the country's rise into a world power in the late 1800s. The significance of the term "Yushin" was the allusion to the "imperial" role which scholars have seen attached to the presidency under the Yusin Constitution, which effectively concentrated all governing power in Park's hands.