In July 1803, the plans unravelled when Michael Dwyer, still holding out in Wicklow, recognised that there were neither the promised arms nor convincing proof of an intended French landing, and when in the north Thomas Russell and James Hope found no enthusiasm in what had been the strongest United Irish and Catholic Defender districts for a renewal of the struggle. In Dublin, triggered by the accidental explosion of a rebel arms depot, Emmet's rising was broken after a brief street battle.