Its first seamount that came above the water was about 20 million years ago, and the sea level was about 200 to 400 meters, higher than the present day. The first islands formed were present day Sal, and the eastern part, 50-40 million years ago. The western part, were formed later, including, São Nicolau, as early as 11.8 million years ago, São Vicente, 9 million years ago, present day Santiago and Fogo 4 million years ago, and Brava, 3-2 million years ago.