where formula_35 is the formula_23 eigenvalue estimated using PCA, formula_37 is the associated formula_23 eigenvector estimated using PCA, formula_39 implies element-by-element multiplication of matrices formula_40 and formula_41, formula_42 is the estimated covariance matrix taper, and formula_43 is the estimated noise floor. The estimation of the covariance taper formula_42 can be complicated, depending on the complexity of the underlying model attempting to emulate the interference environment. The reader is encouraged to see for more information on this particular subject. Once this taper is sufficiently modeled, it may also be applied to the more simple SMI adaptation of CMT as follows: