The oldest paintings are large frescoes ("Triumph of sant'Agostino" by Serafino da Modena) and wooden panels with gold-leaf backgrounds, such as the "Madonna and Child" by Gentile da Fabriano. The main artists from the 15th century in Ferrara represented in the museum are Cosmè Tura ("Giudizio" and "Martyrdom of san Maurelio"), Ercole de' Roberti, Vicino da Ferrara and Michele Pannonio. There are works from the Este family collections, including a work by Andrea Mantegna ("Cristo con l'animula della Madonna"). There are also two works by unidentified artists from the collection of the Marquis Leonello d'Este at the Belfiore Palace.