Numerous biblical scholars have rejected from the traditional view that the Gospel of Marcion was a revision of the Gospel of Luke (the Patristic hypothesis). Those biblical scholars defend either of the two hypothesis. One group argues that both gospels are independent redactions of a "proto-Luke", with Marcion's text being an unaltered version of this proto-Luke or closer to the original proto-Luke; this position is called the Semler hypothesis after the name of its creator, Johann Salomo Semler; this position is supported among others by Johann Gottfried Eichhorn, John Knox, Karl Reinhold Köstlin, Joseph B. Tyson, and Jason BeDuhn. The other group argues that the Gospel of Luke is a later redaction of the Gospel of Marcion aiming at correcting the gospel of Marcion; this position is called the Schwegler hypothesis after its creator Albert Schwegler; this position is supported among others by Albrecht Ritschl, Paul-Louis Couchoud, John Townsend, Matthias Klinghardt, Markus Vinzent, and David Trobisch.