Though the bill was defeated, Roosevelt's long presidency allowed him to appoint most of the court. By the end of Roberts's tenure, he was the lone Supreme Court Justice who was not appointed by Roosevelt. He was one of three Justices to vote against Roosevelt's orders for Japanese American internment camps in "Korematsu v. United States" as well as the lone judge to dissent in the case of "Smith v. Allwright", which ruled white primaries unconstitutional. His relations with his colleagues on the Stone Court became strained and he retired in 1945. Roberts served as the Dean of his alma mater, the University of Pennsylvania Law School from 1948 to 1951. He died in Chester County, Pennsylvania in 1955.