Kahn did not want Hudson to restrict itself to defense-related research, and along with Singer recruited a full-time professional staff with widely different academic backgrounds. Hudson Institute regularly involved a broad range of outside notables in their analytic projects and policy deliberations. These included French philosopher Raymond Aron, African-American novelist Ralph Ellison, political scientist Henry Kissinger, conceptual artist James Lee Byars, and social scientist Daniel Bell. Hudson's focus expanded to include geopolitics, economics, demography, anthropology, science and technology, education, and urban planning.