In some schools of Buddhism, bardo ( Wylie: "bar do") or antarābhava (Sanskrit, Chinese and Japanese: 中有, romanized in Chinese as "zhōng yǒu" and in Japanese as "chūu") is an intermediate, transitional, or liminal state between death and rebirth. The concept arose soon after Gautama Buddha's death, with a number of earlier Buddhist groups accepting the existence of such an intermediate state, while other schools rejected it. The concept of "antarābhava", an intervening state between death and rebirth, was brought into Buddhism from the Vedic-Upanishadic (later Hindu) philosophical tradition. Later Buddhism expanded the bardo concept to six or more states of consciousness covering every stage of life and death. In Tibetan Buddhism, "bardo" is the central theme of the "Bardo Thodol" (literally "Liberation Through Hearing During the Intermediate State"), the "Tibetan Book of the Dead", a text intended to both guide the recently deceased person through the death bardo to gain a better rebirth and also to help their loved ones with the grieving process.