A case in 1861 questioned the legal status of people in Algeria. On 28 November 1861, the "conseil de l'ordre des avocats du barreau d'Alger" (Bar association of Algiers) declined to recognise Élie Énos (or Aïnos), a Jew from Algiers, since only French citizens could become lawyers. On 24 February 1862 ("appeal") and on 15 February 1864 "(cassation)", judges reconsidered this, deciding that people could display the qualities of being French (without having access to the full rights of a French citizen).