However, the concept of the notwithstanding clause was not created with the Charter. The presence of the clause makes the Charter similar to the "Canadian Bill of Rights" (1960), which, under section 2, states that "an Act of the Parliament" may declare that a law "shall operate notwithstanding the "Canadian Bill of Rights"". A primary difference is that the Bill of Rights' notwithstanding clause could be used to invalidate "any" right, not just specified clauses as with the Charter. The Saskatchewan Human Rights Code (1979), the Quebec Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms (1977), and the Alberta Bill of Rights (1972) also contain devices like the notwithstanding clause.