In 1536, the church was partially demolished and the side chapels removed in order to restore the ancient temple for the visit to Rome of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V. The church, now constrained within the cella of the temple, was remodelled in 1602 by Orazio Torriani, creating a single nave and three new side chapels. The main altar has a reredos canvas by Pietro da Cortona of the "Martyrdom of St. Lawrence" (1646), while the first chapel on the left hosts the "Madonna and Child with Saints" (1626) by Domenichino.