The ancient Svetambara Jain text "Acharanga Sutra", dated to about 3rd or 2nd century BCE, describes three forms of "Sallekhana": the "Bhaktapratyakhyana", the "Ingita-marana," and the "Padapopagamana". In "Bhaktapratyakhyana", the person who wants to observe the vow selects an isolated place where he lies on a bed made of straw, does not move his limbs, and avoids food and drink until he dies. In "Ingita-marana", the person sleeps on bare ground. He can sit, stand, walk, or move, but avoids food until he dies. In "Padapopagamana", a person stands "like a tree" without food and drink until he dies.