The term ultimately descends from the reconstructed Proto-Indo-European (PIE) root "", enclosure. From this same root come the Germanic word elements *"gard" and *"gart" (as in Stuttgart), and likely also the names of Graz, Austria and Gartz, Germany. Cognate to these are English words such as "yard", "garth", "girdle" and "court." Also cognate but less closely related are Latin "hortus", a garden, and its English descendants "horticulture" and "orchard". In the Hungarian language, "kert", the word for a garden, literally means "encircled". Because Hungarian is a Uralic rather than an Indo-European language, this is likely a loanword.