Few medieval texts refer to a known place, although the Humber estuary is mentioned by several sources. John of Worcester's "Chronicon" (early 12th C), Symeon of Durham's "Historia Regum" (mid-12th C), the "Chronicle of Melrose" (late 12th C) and Robert Mannyng of Brunne's "Chronicle" (1338) all state that Olaf's fleet entered the mouth of the Humber, while Robert of Gloucester's "Metrical Chronicle" (late 13th C) says the invading army arrived "south of the Humber". Peter of Langtoft's "Chronique" (ca. 1300) states the armies met at “"Bruneburgh on the Humber"”, while Robert Mannyng of Brunne's "Chronicle" (1338) claims the battle was fought at “"Brunesburgh on Humber"”. Pseudo-Ingulf (ca. 1400) says that as Æthelstan led his army into Northumbria (i.e. north of the Humber) he met on his way many pilgrims coming home from Beverley. Hector Boece's "Historia" (1527) claims that the battle was fought by the River Ouse, which flows into the Humber estuary.