Jan Alojzy Matejko (; also known as Jan Mateyko; 24 June 1838 – 1 November 1893) was a Polish painter known for depicting historical Polish political and military events. His works include large oil on canvas paintings such as "Rejtan" (1866), "Union of Lublin" (1869) or "Battle of Grunwald" (1878), numerous portraits, a gallery of Polish kings, and murals in St. Mary's Basilica, Kraków. He is referred to as the most famous Polish painter or even the "national painter" of Poland.