Affect theory is originally attributed to the psychologist Silvan Tomkins, which he introduced in the first two volumes of his book "Affect Imagery Consciousness" (1962). Tomkins uses the concept of "affect" to refer to the "biological portion of emotion," defined as the "hard-wired, preprogrammed, genetically transmitted mechanisms that exist in each of us," which, when triggered, precipitate a "known pattern of biological events". However, it is also acknowledged that, in adults, the affective experience is a result of interactions between the innate mechanism and a "complex matrix of nested and interacting ideo-affective formations."