Unrelated to the geography but important to some modelers is current evidence of ancient writing. They surmise, there are only two regions in the New World showing the high degree of ancient civilization required by the text of the Book of Mormon. One of these locations is centered in South America in the region once occupied by the Inca civilization. The other is centered in Mesoamerica in the region once occupied by the Maya and the Olmec civilizations. Of the two, only the civilizations in the Mesoamerican region are known to have had a sophisticated form of writing. One LDS researcher, however, points out that even though Central America bore a large population during the Book of Mormon time period, there is no evidence of a large population matching the description of Nephite civilization existing there. Therefore, "Mesoamerican settings are not more favorable towards the Book of Mormon demographically, than Joseph Smith's American Israelite setting among the mound builders." As to the written language of the Nephite people, it was anticipated that their writing "upon anything save it be upon plates must perish and vanish away ..."