The Annapurna Conservation Area Project (ACAP) [https://web.archive.org/web/20080116200353/http://www.south-asia.com/Kingmah/tonproj.htm], the first and largest conservation area in Nepal, covers , some 5.8% of the total land area of Nepal. Launched in 1986 as an innovative concept in the protected area management system of the country, the conservation area embraces multiple land use principles of resource management that combine environmental protection with sustainable community development. Traditional subsistence activities are woven into a framework of sound resource management, supplemented by conservation, development and alternative energy programmes to minimize the negative impacts of tourism and enhance the living standards of the local people.