After graduating with his Ph.D., Etzioni then remained in the United States to pursue a career as an academic and public intellectual. He became an American citizen in 1963, shortly after he was elected to the board of Americans for Democratic Action. Etzioni met a fellow student named Hava while studying sociology in Israel. They married in 1953. Etzioni and Hava relocated to the United States in 1957. They had two sons together, Ethan, born in 1958 and Oren, born in 1962. In 1964, Hava and Etzioni divorced and Hava moved back to Israel. In his autobiography, Etzioni writes that the divorce was one of his "gravest personal failures. We should have found a way."