Animism had been an important component of Minangkabau culture. Even after the penetration of Islam into Minangkabau society in the 16th century, animistic beliefs were not extinguished. In this belief system, people were said to have two souls, a real soul and a soul which can disappear called the "semangat". "Semangat" represents the vitality of life and it is said to be possessed by all living creatures including animals and plants. An illness may be explained as the capture of the "semangat" by an evil spirit, and a shaman ("pawang") may be consulted to conjure invisible forces and bring comfort to the family. Sacrificial offerings can be made to placate the spirits, and certain objects such as amulets are used as protection.