In 1990, Investec acquired property management company I. Kuper & Company (Pty) Limited, Corporate Merchant Bank Limited (formerly Hill Samuel Merchant Bank Limited) and trade finance company Reichmans Limited. Investec entered the UK market in 1992, by acquiring London-based Allied Trust Bank Limited ('ATB'), this was the its first international acquisition. In 1998, Investec acquired Guinness Mahon, a leading London based merchant bank, and Henderson Crosthwaite, its stockbroking arm, for £95 million. It also bought Hambros plc, another London-based merchant bank the same year. It was first listed on the London Stock Exchange in 2002. In 2003, in a Black Economic Empowerment transaction empowerment partners acquired a 21.5% stake in the South Africa-listed Investec.