Historically several cities have been considered the "second city of the British Empire". In the early 19th century, Dublin was considered by many to be the second city; later in the century, Glasgow and Liverpool burgeoned as major industrial centres and had competing claims to be the busiest ports in the world for ship building and freight transport. Calcutta also laid the claim from as far away as India as the most populous city, while in 1911 the editor of the "Irish Times" laid a second claim for Dublin during a ceremonial visit by George V.