The Hutu majority had long been resentful of power held by the Tutsi minority. They were encouraged by Hutu advocates in the Catholic Church, and by Christian Belgians (who were increasingly influential in the Congo). The United Nations mandates, the Tutsi elite class, and the Belgian colonists contributed to the growing social and political unrest. Gregoire Kayibanda, an ethnic Hutu, led the Hutu "emancipation" movement. He founded the political party "Parmehutu" ("Parti du Mouvement de l'Emancipation Hutu"; Hutu Emancipation Movement Party), and wrote his "Bahutu Manifesto" in 1957.