In 1894 the secular and ecclesiastical aspects of the vestries were separated in local government reforms, by the creation of civil parishes and the vestry's secular duties have been performed in England since then by parish councils. Their ecclesiastical duties remained with the Church of England where they have been performed by parochial church councils (PCCs) since 1921. This secularisation of local government was unsuccessfully opposed by administrations of the Tory Party led by Lord Salisbury and several High Whigs politicians from 1895 to 1900.