A more elaborate version of the Abgar Legend is recorded in the early 5th-century Syriac "Doctrine of Addai", purportedly based on the state archives of Edessa, and including both a pseudepigraphal letter from Abgar V to Tiberius () and the emperor's supposed reply. This text is the earliest to allege that a painting (or icon) of Jesus was enclosed with the reply to Abgar and that the city of Edessa was prophesied never to fall. According to this text, Edessenes were early adopters of Christianity; the inhabitants of the neighbouring city of Carrhae (Harran), by contrast, were pagans. According to the "Chronicle of Edessa", the early 5th-century theologian and bishop Rabbula built a church dedicated to Saint Stephen in a building that had been a synagogue.