Gaudencio Cardinal Rosales, archbishop of Manila, said that the film is a "vicious attack on the divinity of Jesus Christ." He also added that "not since the time of the Presbyter Arius was there an attack on the divinity of Jesus Christ, which was as vicious and as momentarily profitable as this venture of Dan Brown and Sony Film Productions." Although the CBCP and Cardinal Rosales didn't categorically demand a ban of the film, they have issued guidelines for Filipino Catholics on watching the movie.