In 1960, during an exhibition at the Apollinaire Gallery in Milan, the critic Pierre Restany coined the term Nouveau réalisme. Later that year, on 27 October 1960 by at the home of Yves Klein, artists from this exhibition, including Arman, Dufrêne, Hains, Klein, Raysse, Restany, Spoerri, Tinguely and Villeglé signed a New Realism manifesto. The New Realists thus recognized their "collective singularity." An inaugural exhibition entitled "40° above Dada (40° au-dessus de Dada)" was held at the J Gallery run by Jeanine Restany, the wife of Pierre Restany.