However, Shuswap Chief George Manuel believes the Three World Model to be outdated. In his 1974 book "The Fourth World: An Indian Reality", he describes the emergence of the Fourth World while coining the term. The fourth world refers to "nations", e.g., cultural entities and ethnic groups, of indigenous people who do not compose states in the traditional sense. Rather, they live within or across state boundaries (see First Nations). One example is the Native Americans of North America, Central America, and the Caribbean.