While the precursor code (Taihō Code) does not survive, a substantial amount of Yōrō Code is preserved in the piece, (833), especially the civil codes. In English-language scholarly literature, some commentators merely state that the code is preserved in a fragmentary state, but other academics do note preservation is nearly complete for the civil code portion. The "Ryō no gige" contains the full text of the "ryō" (or civil/administrative code part) except for two chapters according to a Kadokawa publishing house history dictionary, the missing portions being the and the , and even this lacuna can be partly be filled from a collections of fragments of the codes.