Proper identification is important for treatment and control measures. Thus a differential media is used to culture "Dickeya" species and isolate or identify "D. dadantii". Researchers at Fu Jen Catholic University in Taiwan developed a medium that differentiates "D. dadantii" from other species. This NGM medium contains nutrient agar (NA) and glycerol medium supplemented with MnCl2 :4H2O. To make this media, mix 23 g of nutrient agar, 10 ml glycerol (1% v/v), and 0.4 g MnCl2:4H2O (2 mM) to 1.0 liter of water. Note the pH of this media is 6.5 and it has a light brown base color. The proper temperature for culturing "D. dadantii" is 28 degrees Celsius. A positive result occurs when a bacterial streak produces a brownish blue color on the agar plate. Further isolation and extraction of the indigoidine pigment is possible using the methods described by Chatterejee and Brown.