According to Afua Cooper, author of ""The Hanging of Angélique: The Untold Story of Canadian Slavery and the Burning of Old Montréal"", enslaved First Nations/Indian people outnumbered enslaved individuals of African descent under French rule. She attributed this to the relative ease with which New France could acquire First Nations slaves. She noted that the mortality of slaves was high, with the average age of First Nations slaves only 17, and the average age of slaves of African descent, 25. One of the first recorded black slaves in Canada was brought by a British convoy to New France in 1628. Olivier le Jeune was the name given to the boy, originally from Madagascar.