Tagalog translations began appearing in the 1940s, with the first known one titled "Diwa ng Bayan" ("Spirit of the Country"), which was sung during the Japanese occupation of the Philippines. The second most popular one was "O Sintang Lupa" ("O Beloved Land") by Julián Cruz Balmaceda, Ildefonso Santos, and Francisco Caballo; this was adopted as the official version in 1948. Upon the adoption of "Diwa ng Bayan", the song "Awit sa Paglikha ng Bagong Pilipinas" and the Japanese national anthem "Kimigayo" were replaced.