One place the "senpai–kōhai" relation applies to its greatest extent in Japan is in schools. For example, in junior and senior high schools (especially in school clubs) third-year students (who are the oldest) demonstrate great power as "senpais". It is common in school sports clubs for new "kōhais" to have to perform basic tasks such as retrieving balls, cleaning playing fields, taking care of equipment, and even wash elder students' clothes. They must also bow to or salute their "senpais" when congratulated, and "senpais" may punish "kōhais" or treat them severely.