Most bagworms are inoffensive to humans and not at all conspicuous; some are occasional nuisance pests. However, a few species can become more serious pests, and have caused significant damage e.g. to wattle ("Acacia mearnsii") in South Africa and orange ("Citrus × sinensis") in Florida. If detected early, picking the cases from the trees while in their pupa stage is an effective way to check an infestation; otherwise, insecticides are used. One bagworm species, the fangalabola ("Deborrea malgassa") of Madagascar, is in some places encouraged to breed on wattle trees, because its pupae are collected as a protein-rich food.