Orkney died in 1737, and Cliveden passed to his daughter Anne, 2nd Countess of Orkney in her own right. She immediately leased it to Frederick, Prince of Wales, eldest son of George II and father of George III. After Frederick fell out with his father, Kew and Cliveden became his refuges from life at the royal court, becoming family homes for his wife Augusta and their children. During the Prince's tenure of the house, on 1 August 1740, "Rule, Britannia!" (an aria by the English composer Thomas Arne) was first performed in public in the cliff-side amphitheatre at Cliveden. It was played as part of a masque to celebrate the third birthday of the Prince's daughter Augusta.