In the years following World War I, the United States nearly entirely shut out immigration from the rest of the world. In 1921, Congress passed the "“Emergency” Quota Act of 1921", which set immigration levels to "3 percent of the number of foreign-born persons of each nationality” living in the U.S. as determined by the 1910 United States census. This Act was meant to reserve most immigration quota slots to northwestern European countries, which received the largest number of the 350,000 total slots created. Immigration restrictionists, however, were not satisfied, and US Representative Albert Johnson and Senator David Reed responded by pushing for even stricter quotas. The resulting "Johnson-Reed Act" reduced the quota from 3 percent to 2 percent, and changed the census base from 1910 to 1890, which meant that only people from West and North Europe could migrate.