As Toyotomi Hideyoshi unified progressively larger parts of the country, "daimyō" found it unnecessary to recruit new soldiers. The Battle of Sekigahara in 1600 resulted in the confiscation or reduction of the fiefs of large numbers of "daimyō" on the losing side; consequently, many samurai became "rōnin". As many as a hundred thousand "rōnin" joined forces with Toyotomi Hideyori and fought at the Siege of Osaka. In the ensuing years of peace, there was less need to maintain expensive standing armies, and many surviving "rōnin" turned to farming or became townspeople. A few, such as Yamada Nagamasa, sought adventure overseas as mercenaries. Still, the majority lived in poverty as "rōnin". Under the third Tokugawa shōgun Iemitsu, their number approached half a million.