Jones maintained that the paper was peer-reviewed prior to publication. The paper was published in the online "Journal of 9/11 Studies", a journal co-founded and co-edited by Jones for the purpose of "covering the whole of research related to 9/11/2001." The paper also appeared in a volume of essays, "9/11 and American Empire: Intellectuals Speak Out", edited by conspiracy theorists David Ray Griffin and Peter Dale Scott. Skepticism arose as to the efficacy of the peer-review process, and conspiracy theorists responded to refutations by positing still more ostensible cover-ups.