Coleman was a pioneer in the construction of mathematical models in sociology with his book, "Introduction to Mathematical Sociology" (1964). His later treatise, "Foundations of Social Theory" (1990), made major contributions toward a more rigorous form of theorizing in sociology based on rational choice. Coleman wrote more than thirty books and published numerous articles. He also created an educational corporation that developed and marketed "mental games" aimed at improving the abilities of disadvantaged students. Coleman made it a practice to send his most controversial research findings "to his worst critics" prior to their publication, calling it "the best way to ensure validity."