In 1989, Serge Klarsfeld and his "Association des fils et filles des déportés juifs de France" (Sons and daughters of Jewish Deportees from France), the and the filed a complaint against Bousquet for crimes against humanity, for the deportation of 194 children from six departments of the south of France. After eight years of investigation and numerous delay tactics, Bousquet was indicted by the national government in 1991. By 1995, only four senior French Vichy officials had been indicted for war crimes, and as of that time, only Paul Touvier had stood trial. The former Vichy official Maurice Papon was convicted of war crimes in 1998.