Testing showed that the ME262 handled much better than previous fighters such as the BF-109 or FW-190. Handling was so improved over previous aircraft that a report by Major Ernst Englander stated that any BF-109 pilot could convert to the ME262 with only an hour of instruction. According to his report, even bomber pilots who converted to fly the ME262 only required three instruction flights, and less than 5% had any difficulty retraining. The ME-262 had a gentle stall and gentle landing characteristics compared to previous German fighters. Its handling improved with speed, and would lose much less speed during turning. It had a cruising speed of 465mph, which was faster than the top speed of most other fighters of the day. It also had far better visibility in every direction compared to previous German fighters. Due to lack of engine torque, if a single engine was lost the aircraft remained easily controlled and landed without issue. Its only major deficiency was that brakes could not be used until the nose wheel had touched down, because engaging them before would smash the nose wheel strongly into the runway, potentially destroying the nose wheel and the aircraft. Quality of the aircraft was high, with only 10% of aircraft returned for minor defects such as wings being out of alignment by under 1 degree. It could reach 515mph without issue, although because it could reach extreme speeds in dives, components such as bomb racks would sometimes tear off.