Another element of Novalis's magical idealism is his concept of "love". In Novalis's view, love is a sense of relationship and sympathy between all beings in the world, which is considered both the basis of magic and its goal. From one perspective, Novalis's emphasis on the term "magic" represents a challenge to what he perceived as the disenchantment that came with modern rationalistic thinking. From another perspective, however, Novalis's use of "magic" and "love" in his writing is a performative act that enacts a key aspect of his philosophical and literary goals. These words are meant to startle readers into attentiveness, making them aware of his use of the arts, particularly poetry with its metaphor and symbolism, to explore and unify various understandings of nature in his all-embracing investigations.