In 1931, Cälil graduated from the literature faculty of Moscow University. Until 1932, he was a chief editor of the Tatar children's magazine "Keckenə iptəşlər", which was later renamed to "Oktəbr Balasь" ("Little Octobrist"). Then, he managed the section of literature and art in the central Tatar newspaper "Kommunist". In 1934, Musa Cälil published two collections. The first of them, "The Millions, Decorated with Orders" was devoted mostly to youth and Komsomol, whereas in the second, "Verses and Poems", was a general compilation of his writing. However, many of his lyrical poems weren't published due to being at conflict with Stalinism.