Although he was initially an enthusiastic supporter of Nazism because it opposed the Treaty of Versailles, he was quickly disillusioned by 1934 when the "Schutzstaffel" (SS) extrajudicially murdered many "Sturmabteilung" (SA) leaders and political opponents, including two generals, in the Night of the Long Knives (30 June to 2 July 1934). The events of the 1930s, such as the 1938 Blomberg–Fritsch Affair, further strengthened his antipathy to the Nazis. He regarded the "Kristallnacht" (state-sanctioned, nationwide pogrom of Jews) as personal humiliation and degradation of civilization.