where formula_23 is the shape of the microwave pulse in time, formula_24 is the resonance frequency of the second qubit, formula_25 are the Pauli matrices, formula_26 is the coupling coefficient between the two qubits via the resonator, formula_27 is the qubit detuning, formula_28 is the stray (unwanted) coupling between qubits and formula_29 is Planck constant divided by formula_30. The time integral over formula_23 determines the angle of rotation. Unwanted rotations due to the first and third terms of the Hamiltonian can be compensated with single qubit operations. The remaining part, combined with single qubit rotations, forms a basis for the su(4) Lie algebra.