Second reign 1487-95: Subsequently, Möxammädämin was installed as khan again. Although the khanate remained formally independent, Ivan III started to use the title Duke of Bulgaria among his other titles and closely monitored Möxammädämin during his reign. Möxammädämin corresponded with the Crimean Khanate, but all correspondence was sent through Moscow and translated into Russian for Ivan III to read. In 1491, when the Great Horde attempted to invade the Crimean Khanate, Kazan troops participated in a raid against it, together with Muscovy, the Qasim Khanate, and the Nogays.