To show that different batteries reflect the same "g", one must administer several test batteries to the same individuals, extract "g" factors from each battery, and show that the factors are highly correlated. This can be done within a confirmatory factor analysis framework. Wendy Johnson and colleagues have published two such studies. The first found that the correlations between "g" factors extracted from three different batteries were .99, .99, and 1.00, supporting the hypothesis that "g" factors from different batteries are the same and that the identification of "g" is not dependent on the specific abilities assessed. The second study found that "g" factors derived from four of five test batteries correlated at between .95–1.00, while the correlations ranged from .79 to .96 for the fifth battery, the Cattell Culture Fair Intelligence Test (the CFIT). They attributed the somewhat lower correlations with the CFIT battery to its lack of content diversity for it contains only matrix-type items, and interpreted the findings as supporting the contention that "g" factors derived from different test batteries are the same provided that the batteries are diverse enough. The results suggest that the same "g" can be consistently identified from different test batteries.