Bereft of its full context, the colonists' sparse message of "CROATOAN" has taken on a paranormal quality in Harlan Ellison's 1975 short story "Croatoan", Stephen King's 1999 television miniseries "Storm of the Century," and the 2005 television series "Supernatural." The 1994 graphic novel "" states that "Croatoan" was the name of a powerful demon who, in the 20th century, attempts to sacrifice the entirety of Gotham City to Satan. In the 2015 novel "The Last American Vampire", the colonists are the victims of a vampire named Crowley; the inscription "CRO" was thus an incomplete attempt to implicate him.