NY 310 begins at an intersection with US 11 and NY 68 in the town of Canton. NY 310 proceeds northwestward on a right-of-way abandoned by NY 68, which turned west towards the village of Canton. Bypassing the village, the route proceeds away from St. Lawrence University on a two-lane residential and commercial roadway, bending northward into a junction with State Street. Running north through Canton, NY 310 remains residential for several blocks, crossing over to a rural nature near the town line, where it crosses into the town of Potsdam.