One way to see this is to note that the graph of the function "ƒ"("x") = "x"2 is a parabola whose vertex is at the origin (0, 0). Therefore, the graph of the function "ƒ"("x" − "h") = ("x" − "h")2 is a parabola shifted to the right by "h" whose vertex is at ("h", 0), as shown in the top figure. In contrast, the graph of the function "ƒ"("x") + "k" = "x"2 + "k" is a parabola shifted upward by "k" whose vertex is at (0, "k"), as shown in the center figure. Combining both horizontal and vertical shifts yields "ƒ"("x" − "h") + "k" = ("x" − "h")2 + "k" is a parabola shifted to the right by "h" and upward by "k" whose vertex is at ("h", "k"), as shown in the bottom figure.