In Madrid, Aranda meanwhile had convinced the populace to adopt the French-style short capes and three-cornered hats, first meeting with the members of Madrid's five major guilds ("Gremios Mayores") and 53 minor guilds ("Gremios Menores"). Aranda managed to convince these members that the "chambergo" and the long cape was nothing but the apparel of "el verdugo" –the hated hangman or executioner- and that no respectable person would wear such a thing. The populace thus gradually and peacefully adopted more modern apparel.