James Burke's television series "The Day the Universe Changed" (1985) employs the same technique for a more academic purpose. In the episode "Point of View", which describes the discovery of perspective geometry and its ramifications, Burke spends a little time in the Italian city of Padua. This city, which hosted the second-oldest Italian university after Bologna, boasted a large concentration of intellectuals. In Burke's phrase, Padua was "the MIT of the fifteenth century". An episode of his later series "Connections 2" (1994) uses a similar shorthand to characterize the seventeenth-century Royal Society.