The "swara" differs from the "shruti" concept in Indian music. A "shruti" is the smallest gradation of pitch available, while a "swara" is the selected pitches from which the musician constructs the scales, melodies and "ragas". The "Natya Shastra" identifies and discusses twenty two "shruti" and seven "swara" per octave. Of the twenty two "shruti", veena scholars identified the 4th "shruti" to be "sa" solfege, 7th to be "re", 9th as "ga", 13th as "ma", 17th as "pa", 20th to be "dha" and 22nd as "ni" shuddha swara.