The cinema of the Philippines (Filipino: "Pelikulang Pilipino" or "Sine Pilipino") began with the introduction of the first moving pictures to the country on August 31, 1897 at the "Salón de Pertierra" in Manila. The following year, local scenes were shot on film for the first time by a Spaniard, Antonio Ramos, using the Lumiere Cinematograph. While most early filmmakers and producers in the country were mostly wealthy enterprising foreigners and expatriates, on September 12, 1919, "Dalagang Bukid (Country Maiden)", a movie based on a popular musical play, was the first movie made and shown by Filipino filmmaker José Nepomuceno. Dubbed as the "Father of Philippine Cinema," his work marked the start of cinema as an art form in the Philippines.