Noun incorporation is a common phenomenon in Malimiutun Iñupiaq. The first type of noun incorporation is "lexical compounding". Within this subset of noun incorporation, the noun, which represents an instrument, location, or patient in relation to the verb, is attached to the front of the verb stem, creating a new intransitive verb. The second type is "manipulation of case". It is argued whether this form of noun incorporation is present as noun incorporation in Iñupiaq, or "semantically transitive noun incorporation"—since with this kind of noun incorporation the verb remains transitive. The noun phrase subjects are incorporated not syntactically into the verb but rather as objects marked by the instrumental case. The third type of incorporation, "manipulation of discourse structure", is supported by Mithun (1984) and argued against by Lanz (2010). See Lanz's paper for further discussion. The final type of incorporation is "classificatory noun incorporation", whereby a "general is incorporated into the [verb, while a more specific narrows the scope". With this type of incorporation, the external noun can take on external modifiers and, like the other incorporations, the verb becomes intransitive. See "Nominal Morphology" ("Instrumental Case, Usage of Instrumental" table, row four) on this page for an example.