The College of Arts and Letters (CAL) approaches the humanities, social sciences, and the arts from a science and technology perspective. While every undergraduate at Stevens is required to take a set of humanities courses, CAL offers B.A. degrees in literature, history, philosophy, and the social sciences. CAL was established as a separate college in 2007 as part of a larger institutional realignment. CAL's formation followed a history of integrating humanities and liberal arts education which dates back to the university's founding in 1870. In fall 2011 CAL began offering a new M.A. and graduate certificate in Technology, Policy, and Ethics. CAL also offers an accelerated, six-year combined bachelor's/J.D. degree program, in partnership with New York Law School and Seton Hall University School of Law.