According to Frederick Howard Wines in his book "Punishment and Reformation: A Study Of The Penitentiary System" there were three main types of coercion employed in the torture chamber: Coercion by the cord, by water and by fire. There were five stages of torture that could have been applied to the accused: he could have been threatened with torture, he could have been taken to the torture chamber and been shown the instruments, he could have been undressed as if in preparation to be tied to the instrument, without actually being tied, he could have been tied to the instrument of torture but not actually getting tortured and finally he could have been tied to the instrument and tortured.