Around 850, the land and head taxes yielded an estimated 2,900,000 "nomismata" annually for the empire. Commerce during this period increased dramatically, therefore contributing 400,000 "nomismata" annually. The expenditures of the period were large, but manageable by the treasury. Approximately 1,400,000 "nomismata" went to the payroll of the army annually while other military costs took another 800,000 "nomismata" annually. Supporting the Byzantine bureaucracy needed 500,000 "nomismata". Also, imperial largess cost the treasury 100,000 "nomismata" every year. All of these expenses meant that the Byzantine government had about 500,000 "nomismata" in surplus revenue each year, much more than in the 8th century.