Przyluski and several other scholars have argued that in the early texts, Mahākaśyapa represents ascetic and "brahmin" values. The ascetic values are seen in the account in which Mahākaśyapa refuses to give up ascetic practices, going against the advice of the Buddha. Such refusal was highly unusual for a disciple of the Buddha. The "brahmin" values can be observed from the account of the accusations leveled against Ānanda, which appear to be based more on "brahmin" values than violations of monastic discipline. Both these "brahmin" and ascetic values, as represented by the figure of Mahākaśyapa, would lead to strong opposition to the founding of the "bhikṣunī" order in early Buddhism. The ascetic values Mahākāśyapa represented, however, were a reaction to less austere tendencies that appeared in early Buddhism at the time.