The first products of Dow Jones & Company, the publisher of the "Journal", were brief news bulletins, nicknamed "flimsies", hand-delivered throughout the day to traders at the stock exchange in the early 1880s. They were later aggregated in a printed daily summary called the "Customers' Afternoon Letter". Reporters Charles Dow, Edward Jones, and Charles Bergstresser converted this into "The Wall Street Journal", which was published for the first time on July 8, 1889, and began delivery of the Dow Jones & Company News Service via telegraph.