In accordance with his express wishes, Newman was buried in the grave of his lifelong friend Ambrose St. John. The pall over the coffin bore the motto that Newman adopted for use as a cardinal, "Cor ad cor loquitur" ("Heart speaks to heart"), which William Barry, writing in the "Catholic Encyclopedia" (1913), traces to Francis de Sales and sees as revealing the secret of Newman's "eloquence, unaffected, graceful, tender, and penetrating". Ambrose St. John had become a Roman Catholic at around the same time as Newman, and the two men have a joint memorial stone inscribed with the motto Newman had chosen, "Ex umbris et imaginibus in veritatem" ("Out of shadows and phantasms into the truth"), which Barry traces to Plato's allegory of the cave.