Over 120 species of land birds have been recorded at the refuge, with over 72 nesting. Some of those include great crested flycatcher ("Myiarchus crinitus"), tree swallow ("Tachycineta bicolor"), hermit thrush ("Catharus guttatus"), black-throated green warbler ("Dendroica virens"), scarlet tanager ("Piranga olivacea"), and others. Forests, woodlands, and swamps surrounding refuge salt marshes also provide habitat for many raptors. Many migrating raptors use forested areas next to marshes as hunting perches and feeding areas. Sharp-shinned hawk ("Accipiter striatus"), Cooper's hawk ("Accipiter cooperii"), and broad-winged hawk ("Buteo platypterus") have nested in forested habitat on the refuge. Northern goshawks ("Accipiter gentilis") and red-tailed hawks ("Buteo jamaicensis") nest in the area. During migration (primarily autumn), many raptors move through the refuge. Northern harriers are the only raptor species thought to breed in the estuarine communities of the refuge.