After in-fighting among various factions in Parliament, Cromwell ruled over the Protectorate as lord protector, effectively a military dictator, until his death in 1658. On Oliver Cromwell's death, his son Richard became lord protector, but the Army had little confidence in him. After seven months the Army removed Richard, and in May 1659 it re-installed the Rump. However, military force shortly dissolved this as well. General George Monck, still governor of Scotland, marched south with his army, crossing the Tweed on 2 January 1660 and entering London on 3 February, where he called new parliamentary elections. These resulted in the Convention Parliament which on 8 May 1660 declared that Charles II had reigned as the lawful monarch since the execution of Charles I. Charles returned from exile and was crowned King of England on 23 April 1661, twelve years after being crowned by the Scots at Scone, completing the Restoration.