During his studies at the Polytechnic, Sikorski became involved in the People's School Association ("Towarzystwo Szkoły Ludowej"), an organization dedicated to spreading literacy among the rural populace. Around 1904–1905 he was briefly involved with the "endecja" Association of the Polish Youth "Zet", and then drifted towards paramilitary socialist organizations related to the Polish Socialist Party, which was intent on securing Polish independence. He made contact with the socialist movement around 1905–1906 through the "Union for the Resurrection of the Polish Nation" ("Związek Odrodzenia Narodu Polskiego"). In 1908, in Lwów, Sikorski—together with Józef Piłsudski, Marian Kukiel, Walery Sławek, Kazimierz Sosnkowski, and Henryk Minkiewicz—organized the secret Union for Active Struggle" (Związek Walki Czynnej)", with the aim of bringing about an uprising against the Russian Empire, one of Poland's three partitioners. In 1910, likewise in Lwów, Sikorski helped to organize a Riflemen's Association (the "Związek Strzelecki"), became the president of its Lwów chapter, and became responsible for the military arm within the Commission of Confederated Independence Parties ("Komisja Skonfederowanych Stronnictwo Niepodległościowych, KSSN"). Having a military education, he lectured other activists on military tactics.