Most books bearing Jiutian Xuannü's name were about warfare, but there were a few book that were specifically about sex. The "Xuannü Jing" () and the "Sunü Jing" (), both dating to the Han dynasty, were handbooks in dialogue form about sex. Texts from the "Xuannü Jing" have been partly incorporated into the Sui dynasty edition of the "Sunü Jing". From the Han dynasty onwards, these handbooks would be familiar to the upper class. On the other side, during the Han dynasty, Wang Chong had criticized the sexual arts as "not only harming the body but infringing upon the nature of man and woman."