"Mother 2" was made with a development team different from that of the original game, and most of its members were unmarried and willing to work through nights on the project. Itoi again wrote the game's script and served as a designer. The game's five-year development exceeded time estimates and came under repeated threat of cancellation. It was in dire straits until producer Satoru Iwata joined the team. "Mother 2" was developed by Ape and HAL, published by Nintendo, and released in Japan's Super Famicom on August 27, 1994. The game was translated into English for North American audiences whereupon it became the only "Mother" series game to be released in North America until the later localization of Mother as "EarthBound Beginnings". The localizers were given liberties to translate the Japanese script's cultural allusions to Western audiences as they pleased. Symbolism was also modified between the versions to adapt to Western sensitivities. To avoid confusion about the series' numbering, its English title was changed to "EarthBound", and was released on June 5, 1995 for the North American Super Nintendo Entertainment System. Though Nintendo spent about $2 million on marketing, the American release was ultimately viewed as unsuccessful within Nintendo. "EarthBound" was released when role-playing games were not popular in the United States, and visual taste in role-playing games was closer to "Chrono Trigger" and "Final Fantasy VI". "EarthBound"s atypical "this game stinks" marketing campaign was derived from the game's unusual humor and included foul-smelling scratch and sniff advertisements. "1UP.com" called the campaign "infamously ill-conceived". Between the poor sales and the dwindling support for the Super NES, the game did not receive a European release.