By the late 19th century, fear had already begun to spread in North America with regard to Chinese immigrants who supplied cheap labor to lay railroad tracks, mostly in California and elsewhere in the West Coast. In the xenophobic jargon which was common at that time, ordinary workers, newspapers, and politicians uniformly opposed this "Yellow Peril". The common cause to eradicate Asians from the workforce gave rise to the Asiatic Exclusion League. When the fledgling Indian community which was mostly made up of Punjabi Sikhs settled in California, the xenophobia was expanded in order to combat not only the East Asian Yellow Peril, but now the immigrants from British India, the "Turban Tide", equally referred to as the "Hindoo Invasion" (sic).