Derogatory word referring to Roman Catholicism, as personified in the Pope; King James II was the first Catholic monarch of England since Mary I of England. James's Catholic faith and attempts to revoke legal restrictions against his coreligionists caused an anti-Catholic Parliament to invite King James' daughter, Mary, and her husband, James' nephew and son-in-law William of Orange, to rule England. William invaded England with a large army. Parliament announced that the King had effectively abdicated and declared William III and Mary II to be joint King and Queen. This coup d'etat was a unique event in British history, and is known as the Glorious Revolution. Parliament passed legislation making Protestantism a condition for any monarch of Britain or Ireland.