Instruction that emphasizes conventional spelling focuses on the phonics patterns and rules in English which are anyway intrinsically weak because of the complexity of the history of the English language. For example, children can be taught that when they hear the sound at the end of a one-syllable word where a short vowel precedes the sound, the sound will be spelled "ck" (as in "stack", "wreck", "stick", "rock", and "stuck"). A similar pattern holds for the sound spelled "dge" (as in "badge", "wedge", "bridge", "lodge", and "budge") and the sound spelling "tch".