A number of composers turned the subject into an opera including Fritz Hart, Geoffrey Molyneux Palmer, Cecil Gray Havergal Brian, Healey Wlllan and Karl Rankl. Fritz Hart wrote two operas based on the theme: "Deirdre of the Sorrows" (1916) and "Deirdre in Exile" (1926), both produced in Melbourne, Australia. Palmer's "Deirdre of the Sorrows" (1925) to a libretto by William Mervyn Crofton was initially unfinished, then completed by Staf Gebruers around 1930, but never performed. Cecil Gray's opera "Deirdre" was his first, completed in 1937. It was never performed in its entirety, but Gray did extract from its third act the "Symphonic Prelude for Orchestra" (1945), which received several performances in England and the United States.