The United States Supreme Court in their opinion "Festo Corp. v. Shoketsu Kinzoku Kogyo Kabushiki Co.", 535 U. S. 722 (2002), citing the instruction in "Warner-Jenkinson Company, Inc. v. Hilton Davis Chemical Co.", found that "courts must be cautious before adopting changes that disrupt the settled expectations of the inventing community," overturned the complete bar issued by the Federal Circuit. It also acknowledged that while any narrowing amendment made for a reason related to patentability could give rise to prosecution history estoppel, inventors who amended their claims under the previous case law had no reason to believe that they were conceding all equivalents of amended elements when responding to a rejection. Had they known, the Court stated, they might have appealed the rejection.