French Indochina (previously spelled as French Indo-China) (French: "Indochine française"; Vietnamese: "Đông Dương thuộc Pháp", lit. 'East Ocean under French Control'), officially known as the Indochinese Union (French: "Union indochinoise"; Vietnamese: "Liên bang Đông Dương", lit. 'East Ocean Federation') from 1887 and the Indochinese Federation (French: "Fédération indochinoise"; Vietnamese: "Liên đoàn Đông Dương") after 1947, was a grouping of French colonial territories in Southeast Asia until its demise in 1954. It comprised three Vietnamese regions of Tonkin in the north, Annam in the centre, and Cochinchina in the south, Cambodia, Laos (from 1899) and the Chinese territory of Guangzhouwan (from 1898 until 1945). The capital for most of its history (1902–45) was Hanoi; Saigon was the capital from 1887 to 1902 and again from 1945 to 54.