According to theatre historian John Kenrick, "H.M.S. Pinafore", in particular, "became an international sensation, reshaping the commercial theater in both England and the United States." Adaptations of "The Mikado", "Pinafore" and "The Gondoliers" have played on Broadway or the West End, including "The Hot Mikado" (1939; "Hot Mikado" played in the West End in 1995), George S. Kaufman's 1945 "Hollywood Pinafore", the 1975 animated film "Dick Deadeye, or Duty Done" and, more recently,"Gondoliers" (2001; a Mafia-themed adaptation) and "Pinafore Swing" (2004), each of which was first produced at the Watermill Theatre, in which the actors also served as the orchestra, playing the musical instruments. Shows that use G&S songs to tell the story of the Gilbert and Sullivan partnership include a 1938 Broadway show, "Knights of Song", and a 1975 West End show called "Tarantara! Tarantara!" Many other musicals parody or pastiche the operas.