Also on 14 March, peaceful marches and protests by monks, nuns, and laypeople which began on 10 March were met with excessive force by the PLA and the People's Armed Police (PAP). Protesters clashed with Chinese forces that fired guns indicriminately, while businesses, shops and vehicles were looted and torched. The People's Republic of China claims that 22 people were killed in the riots, but Tibetan sources including International Campaign for Tibet, the 14th Dalai Lama, the Central Tibetan Administration, Amnesty International, Tibet Watch and HRW put the figure much higher at 400 deaths by the end of April, and at 5600 arrests and 1000 disappearances by the end of June, directly related to the 2008 anniversary events.