On August 1, 1906, Miller killed Ben C. Collins, a lawman for the Bureau of Indian Affairs in what was still Indian Territory, which he carried out in front of Collins' home and his wife. It was retribution ordered by a man named Port Pruitt, whom Collins had shot and crippled in 1903 when Pruitt resisted arrest. Pruitt had already hired another gunman for $500, but that gunman took a $200 advance, told Collins of the threat, and left the territory. Miller shot Collins with a load of buckshot. Collins returned six shots, but was hit in the face by Miller and died. Miller was arrested for the murder, but was not convicted and eventually released.