The kogal phenomenon has never represented a majority of teenage girls. Rather, it largely symbolizes the evolution of the role of women in capitalist Japan. As such, the kogal style rejects not only traditional gender roles but the spirit of nationalism, seeking to embody stateless consumerism. This consumerism is communicated through knock-off designer goods, weekly photo booth trips, karaoke partying, the use of love hotels, and incorporating new loanwords into everyday speech. Kogals also take a more liberal approach to sexual activity, employing more risque language or referring openly to sex. Kogal hedonism and impolite language serve to assert self-hood of young Japanese women. Kogals' expertise in criticizing men, particularly older men, demonstrates their revolt against traditional gender norms. Kogal publications like "Egg"'s penis artwork gallery show that kogal culture can also empower young women to express displeasure and value their own pleasure. Overall, kogal language, behavior, and images reflect a need to rebel from a restrictive parent culture and assert diverse ideas of femininity.