Years later the novel was turned into an opera performed in Italian and called "Il Guarany" (1870), by Carlos Gomes, among other places it was presented in Milan and New York (it is a known fact that the author did not appreciate the final result). "The Guarani" is regarded a foundational text of Brazilian Romanticism, but it gained international projection by being translated into Spanish, German ("Der Guarany, Brasilianischer Roman", Maximillian Emerich, 1876) and English ("The Guarany, Brazilian novel", James W. Hawes, 1893).