council direct june amend council direct eec approxim law member state relat measur air pollut gase posit ignit engin motor vehicl eec council european commun regard treati establish european econom commun articl thereof regard propos commiss regard opinion european parliament regard opinion econom social committe programm action european commun protect environ approv council novemb call account latest scientif advanc combat atmospher pollut caus gase emit motor vehicl amend direct adopt end direct eec lai limit valu carbon monoxid unburnt hydrocarbon emiss engin limit valu reduc direct eec supplement accord direct eec limit valu permiss emiss nitrogen oxid limit valu pollut lower direct eec advanc motor vehicl design enabl reduct limit valu appear desir precaut advers effect environ period consider reduct jeopard aim commun polici field ration energi view increas diesel engin car light commerci vehicl advis reduc soot emiss cover direct eec carbon monoxid unburnt hydrocarbon nitrogen oxid emiss engin bring engin scope direct eec involv amend oper part direct amend effect content technic annex commiss propos council present direct adopt time amend technic annex derog articl direct eec oj opinion deliv june publish offici journal oj oj oj oj oj oj adopt direct articl direct eec amend titl direct eec replac quot direct eec approxim law member state relat measur air pollut gase engin motor vehicl quot articl replac quot articl purpos direct quot vehicl quot mean vehicl posit ignit engin compress ignit engin intend road bodywork wheel permiss maximum mass kg maximum design speed equal exceed km except agricultur tractor machineri public work vehicl quot annex replac annex direct articl decemb member state ground relat air pollut gase engin refus grant eec type approv issu document refer indent articl direct eec grant nation type approv type motor vehicl prohibit entri servic vehicl level gaseou pollut emit type motor vehicl vehicl meet requir direct eec amend direct octob member state longer issu document provid indent articl direct eec respect type motor vehicl emit gaseou pollut level meet requir direct eec amend direct refus nation type approv type motor vehicl emit gaseou pollut level meet requir direct eec amend direct octob member state prohibit entri servic vehicl emit gaseou pollut level meet requir direct eec amend direct articl member state bring forc provis order compli direct novemb forthwith inform commiss thereof articl direct address member state luxembourg june council presid spranger annex scope definit applic eec type approv eec type approv specif test extens eec type approv conform product transit provis scope direct appli emiss gaseou pollut motor vehicl equip posit ignit engin vehicl categori equip compress ignit engin cover articl definit purpos direct quot vehicl type quot regard emiss gaseou pollut engin mean categori power driven vehicl differ essenti respect equival inertia determin relat refer mass prescrib annex iii engin vehicl characterist defin annex ii annex vii quot refer mass quot mean mass vehicl run order uniform mass driver kg increas uniform mass kg quot mass vehicl run order quot mean mass defin annex direct eec quot maximum mass quot mean mass defin annex direct eec quot gaseou pollut quot mean carbon monoxid hydrocarbon assum ratio ch oxid nitrogen express nitrogen dioxid equival quot engin crankcas quot mean space extern engin connect oil sump intern extern duct gase vapour escap quot cold start devic quot mean devic enrich air fuel mixtur engin temporarili assist engin start quot start aid quot mean devic assist engin start enrich air fuel mixtur engin glow plug modif inject time applic eec type approv applic approv vehicl type regard emiss gaseou pollut engin submit vehicl manufactur author repres accompani document triplic particular defin annex direct eec oj descript engin type compris particular refer annex ii draw combust chamber piston includ piston ring maximum lift valv angl open close relat dead centr vehicl repres vehicl type approv submit test annex technic servic respons type approv test eec type approv form conform model set annex vii attach eec type approv certif requir test gener compon liabl affect emiss gaseou pollut design construct assembl enabl vehicl normal compli requir direct vibrat subject descript test vehicl categori subject test type test type ii iii power posit ignit engin type power compress ignit engin type test verifi averag emiss gaseou pollut cold start test carri vehicl refer maximum mass exceed tonn vehicl dynamomet bench equip mean load inertia simul test last total minut compris cycl perform interrupt cycl compris phase idl acceler steadi speed deceler test exhaust gase dilut proport sampl collect bag exhaust gase vehicl test dilut sampl analyz procedur total volum dilut exhaust measur test carri procedur annex iii method collect analyz gase prescrib analysi method approv found yield equival result subject requir test repeat time vehicl refer mass mass carbon monoxid combin mass hydrocarbon nitrogen oxid obtain test amount shown tabl gt pic file quot quot gt pollut refer result obtain exce limit prescrib section vehicl concern provid arithmet result prescrib limit prescrib limit exceed pollut carbon monoxid combin mass hydrocarbon nitrogen oxid immateri occur test test gt pic file quot quot gt number test prescrib reduc condit hereinaft defin result test result test pollut refer test perform read carbon monoxid combin hydrocarbon oxid nitrogen read equal gt pic file quot quot gt result obtain pollut exce limit prescrib vehicl concern test continu figur flow sheet type approv european test procedur gt pic file quot quot gt type ii test carbon monoxid emiss test idl speed except vehicl power compress ignit engin test carri vehicl refer carbon monoxid content volum exhaust gase emit engin idl exce check made accord requir annex iv oper condit conform standard recommend manufactur configur adjust compon maximum content measur volum exce conform requir check mean test carri procedur annex iv type iii test verifi emiss crankcas gase test carri vehicl refer compress ignit engin engin crankcas ventil system permit emiss crankcas gase atmospher conform requir check mean test carri procedur annex extens eec type approv vehicl type refer mass approv vehicl type condit extend vehicl type differ type approv respect refer mass approv extend vehicl type refer mass requir higher lower equival inertia refer mass vehicl type extens approv request requir flywheel equival inertia higher vehicl type approv extens approv grant refer mass vehicl type extens approv request requir flywheel equival inertia lower vehicl type approv extens approv grant mass pollut obtain vehicl approv limit prescrib vehicl extens approv request vehicl type gear ratio approv grant vehicl type condit extend vehicl type differ type approv respect transmiss ratio gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt vehicl type refer mass transmiss rate approv grant vehicl type extend vehicl type differ approv type respect refer mass transmiss ratio provid condit prescrib fulfil note vehicl type approv accord approv extend vehicl type conform product gener rule conform product model regard limit emiss gaseou pollut engin check basi descript annex type approv certif set annex vii test type ii iii conform vehicl type test check vehicl seri subject test limit shown replac gt pic file quot quot gt vehicl seri satisfi requir manufactur measur perform sampl vehicl seri includ vehicl origin manufactur determin size sampl vehicl vehicl origin subject singl type test gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt limit laid emiss carbon monoxid combin emiss hydrocarbon oxid nitrogen statist factor depend tabl gt pic file quot quot gt type ii type iii test carri vehicl seri condit laid compli notwithstand requir annex iii technic servic respons verifi conform product consent manufactur carri test type ii iii vehicl driven km transit provis type approv check product conform vehicl categori vehicl categori design carri occup includ driver limit combin emiss hydrocarbon oxid nitrogen result multipl valu tabl factor check product conform vehicl type approv octob emiss pollut concern accord provis direct eec amend direct eec provis abovement direct remain applic member state make articl direct gt pic file quot quot gt annex ii gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt annex iii type test verifi averag emiss pollut congest urban area cold start introduct annex describ procedur type test defin annex oper cycl chassi dynamomet descript cycl oper cycl chassi dynamomet tabl depict graph appendix breakdown oper tabl appendix gener condit cycl carri preliminari test cycl carri determin actuat acceler brake control achiev cycl approxim theoret cycl prescrib limit gearbox maximum speed attain gear km fourth gear fourth gear drive instruct recommend start gear level ground gear defin gear reserv cross countri drive crawl tow vehicl equip semi automat shift gearbox test gear emploi drive gear shift accord manufactur instruct vehicl equip automat shift gearbox test highest gear quot drive quot engag acceler obtain steadiest acceler enabl gear engag normal order gear chang point shown appendix annex appli acceler continu period repres straight line connect end period idl begin period steadi speed toler appli vehicl equip overdr driver actuat test overdr action toler toler km allow speed theoret speed acceler steadi speed deceler vehicl brake vehicl deceler rapidli brake requir appli speed toler greater prescrib accept phase provid toler exceed occas time toler toler appli equal begin end gear chang period note time second allow includ time chang gear amount latitud catch cycl oper cycl chassi dynamomet gt pic file quot quot gt speed time toler combin appendix annex vehicl fuel test vehicl vehicl present good mechan condit run driven km test exhaust devic exhibit leak reduc quantiti ga collect quantiti emerg engin tight intak system check ensur carbur affect accident intak air set engin vehicl control prescrib manufactur requir appli set idl rotat speed carbon monoxid content exhaust gase cold start devic exhaust ga pollut emiss control system vehicl test equival vehicl fit devic permit measur characterist paramet chassi dynamomet set conform technic servic verifi vehicl perform conform state manufactur normal drive capabl start cold hot vehicl equip catalyt convert test catalyst fit vehicl manufactur state vehicl equip suppli fuel lead content gram litr capabl compli requir direct catalyst life defin vehicl manufactur fuel refer fuel defin annex vi test test equip chassi dynamomet dynamomet capabl simul road load classif dynamomet fix load curv dynamomet physic characterist provid fix load curv shape dynamomet adjust load curv dynamomet road load paramet adjust shape load curv set dynamomet affect laps time produc vibrat percept vehicl impair vehicl normal oper equip mean simul inertia load simul connect front roller case roller dynamomet accuraci measur read load accuraci case dynamomet fix load curv accuraci load set km case dynamomet adjust load curv accuraci match dynamomet load road load km km dynamomet absorpt posit total inertia rotat part includ simul inertia applic kg inertia class test speed vehicl measur speed rotat roller front roller case roller dynamomet measur accuraci km speed km load inertia set dynamomet fix load curv load simul adjust absorb power exert drive wheel steadi speed km mean load determin set appendix dynamomet adjust load curv load simul adjust order absorb power exert drive wheel steadi speed km mean load determin set appendix inertia dynamomet electr inertia simul demonstr equival mechan inertia system mean equival establish appendix exhaust ga sampl system exhaust ga sampl system design enabl measur true mass emiss pollut vehicl exhaust system constant volum sampler cv system requir vehicl exhaust continu dilut ambient air control condit constant volum sampler concept measur mass emiss condit satisfi total volum mixtur exhaust dilut air measur continu proport sampl volum collect analysi mass emiss determin sampl concentr correct pollut content ambient air total flow test period flow system suffici elimin water condens condit occur test defin appendix figur schemat diagram gener concept appendix exampl type constant volum sampler system satisfi requir set annex ga air mixtur homogen point sampl probe probe extract true sampl dilut exhaust gase system free ga leak design materi system influenc pollut concentr dilut exhaust ga compon heat exchang blower chang concentr pollut ga dilut ga sampl pollut carri compon problem correct vehicl test equip exhaust pipe compris branch connect tube connect vehicl static pressur variat tailpip vehicl remain kpa static pressur variat measur dynamomet drive cycl connect tailpip sampl system capabl maintain static pressur kpa written request manufactur compet author issu approv substanti narrow toler back pressur measur exhaust pipe end extens diamet gt pic file quot quot gt valv direct exhaust gase quick adjust quick act type ga sampl collect sampl bag adequ capac bag made materi chang pollut ga minut storag analyt equip requir pollut gase analyz instrument carbon monoxid carbon dioxid analysi carbon monoxid carbon dioxid analyz dispers infra red ndir absorpt type hydrocarbon hc analysi spark ignit engin hydrocarbon analyz flame ioniz fid type calibr propan ga express equival carbon atom hydrocarbon hc analysi compress ignit engin hydrocarbon analyz flame ioniz type detector valv pipework heat hfid calibr propan ga express equival carbon atom nitrogen oxid nox analysi nitrogen oxid analyz chemiluminesc cla dispens ultra violet reson absorpt nduvr type nox convert accuraci analyz measur rang compat accuraci requir measur concentr exhaust ga sampl pollut measur error exce disregard true calibr gase concentr ppm measur error exce ppm ambient air sampl measur analyz rang dilut exhaust sampl ic trap ga dry devic analyz shown effect pollut content ga stream requir compress ignit engin gt pic file quot quot gt hfid constant flow heat exchang system ensur repres sampl compens vari cfv cfo flow made calibr analyz calibr case month type approv test month verifi conform product calibr method appendix analyz refer volum measur method measur total dilut exhaust volum incorpor constant volum sampler measur accur constant volum sampler calibr constant volum sampler system volum measur devic calibr method suffici ensur prescrib accuraci frequenc suffici maintain accuraci calibr procedur give requir accuraci appendix method util flow meter devic dynam suitabl high flow rate encount constant volum sampler test devic certifi accuraci conform approv nation intern standard gase pure gase pure gase calibr oper gt pic file quot quot gt calibr span gase gase chemic composit mixtur purifi synthet air purifi nitrogen purifi nitrogen purifi nitrogen amount contain calibr ga exce content true concentr calibr ga state figur concentr appendix obtain mean ga divid dilut purifi purifi synthet air accuraci mix devic concentr dilut calibr gase determin addit equip temperatur temperatur appendix measur accuraci pressur atmospher pressur measur kpa absolut humid absolut humid measur exhaust ga sampl system verifi method appendix maximum permiss deviat quantiti ga introduc quantiti ga measur prepar test adjust inertia simul vehicl translatori inertia inertia simul enabl total inertia rotat mass obtain proport refer mass limit gt pic file quot quot gt set dynamomet load adjust method method valu obtain equival inertia characterist adjust paramet record test report condit vehicl test vehicl room temperatur remain constant condit carri hour continu engin oil temperatur coolant temperatur room manufactur request test carri hour vehicl run normal temperatur tyre pressur manufactur preliminari road test brake adjust tyre pressur increas manufactur recommend set case roller dynamomet actual pressur record test report procedur bench test special condit carri cycl test test cell temperatur absolut humid air test cell intak air engin gt pic file quot quot gt vehicl approxim horizont test avoid abnorm distribut fuel test carri bonnet rais technic imposs auxiliari ventil devic act radiat water cool air intak air cool engin temperatur normal test speed record time correct cycl perform assess start engin engin start mean devic provid purpos manufactur instruct incorpor driver handbook product vehicl engin idl period second cycl begin end aforesaid period second idl idl manual shift semi automat gearbox period idl clutch engag gear neutral enabl acceler perform normal cycl vehicl gear clutch disengag second acceler idl period consid idl period begin cycl consist second idl neutral clutch engag second gear clutch disengag idl period cycl time second neutral second gear clutch disengag idl period success cycl compris second neutral clutch engag automat shift gearbox initi engag selector oper time test case acceler acceler perform rate acceler constant phase acceler carri prescrib time extra time requir deduct time allow chang gear subsequ steadi speed period automat shift gearbox acceler carri prescrib time gear selector oper accord requir manual shift gearbox deceler deceler effect remov foot complet acceler clutch remain engag clutch disengag gear lever speed km period deceler longer prescrib phase vehicl brake enabl time cycl compli period deceler shorter prescrib phase time theoret cycl restor constant speed idl period merg oper end deceler period halt vehicl roller gear neutral clutch engag steadi speed quot pump quot close throttl avoid pass acceler steadi speed period constant speed achiev keep acceler posit fix procedur sampl analysi sampl sampl begin begin test cycl defin end end idl period fourth cycl analysi exhaust gase contain bag analyz event minut end test cycl prior sampl analysi analyz rang pollut set ga analyz set calibr curv mean span gase nomin concentr rang analyz zero recheck read differ rang set procedur repeat sampl analyz analysi span point recheck gase recheck analysi consid accept point section flow rate pressur gase calibr analyz figur adopt content gase pollut measur read stabil measur devic hydrocarbon mass emiss compress ignit engin calcul integr hfid read correct vari flow shown appendix determin quantiti gaseou pollut emit volum consid volum consid correct conform condit kpa total mass gaseou pollut emit mass pollut emit vehicl test determin obtain product volumin concentr volum ga question due regard densiti abovement refer condit case carbon monoxid gram litr case hydrocarbon ch gram litr case nitrogen oxid gram litr appendix calcul rel method exampl determin quantiti gaseou pollut emit appendix breakdown oper cycl type test breakdown phase gt pic file quot quot gt breakdown gear gt pic file quot quot gt averag speed test km effect run time theoret distanc cover cycl km equival distanc test cycl km gt pic file quot quot gt appendix chassi dynamomet definit chassi dynamomet fix load curv introduct event total resist progress road reproduc chassi dynamomet speed km recommend chassi dynamomet characterist defin definit chassi dynamomet roller front roller drive directli indirectli inertia mass power absorpt devic set load km method determin kv power absorb pa brake chassi intern friction effect refer set vehicl speed km gt km pa kv kv pv neg gt pic file quot quot gt method calibr dynamomet introduct appendix describ method determin power absorb dynamometr brake power absorb compris power absorb friction effect power absorb power absorpt devic dynamomet brought oper rang test speed devic start dynamomet disconnect rotat speed driven roller decreas kinet energi roller dissip power absorpt unit friction effect method disregard variat roller intern friction effect caus roller vehicl friction effect rear roller disregard free calibr power indic km function power absorb procedur measur rotat speed roller wheel revolut counter method place vehicl dynamomet devis method start dynamomet fly wheel system inertia simul inertia class gt pic file quot quot gt bring dynamomet speed km note power pi bring dynamomet speed km disconnect devic start dynamomet note time dynamomet pass speed km speed km set power absorpt devic level requir repeat suffici cover rang road power calcul power absorb formula gt pic file quot quot gt pa power absorb kw mj equival inertia kg exlud inerti effect free rear roller initi speed km final speed km time roller pass km diagram show power km term power absorb km gt pic file quot quot gt oper repeat inertia class calibr power indic function absorb power speed procedur repeat chosen speed verif power absorpt curv dynamomet refer set speed km place vehicl dynamomet devis method start dynamomet adjust dynamomet absorb power pa km note power absorb km draw curv pa verifi correspond requir repeat procedur set valu power pa km valu inertia procedur forc torqu calibr set dynamomet vacuum method introduct method prefer method fix load curv shape dynamomet determin load set km vehicl compress ignit engin test instrument vacuum absolut pressur intak manifold vehicl measur accuraci kpa record read continu interv speed record continu precis km road test ensur requir appendix met drive vehicl steadi speed km record speed vacuum absolut pressur accord requir repeat procedur set time direct run complet hour data reduct accept criteria gt pic file quot quot gt dynamomet set prepar perform oper appendix set gt pic file quot quot gt set method dynamomet set carri constant speed km accord requir appendix altern method manufactur agreement method brake adjust absorb power exert drive wheel constant speed km accord tabl gt pic file quot quot gt case vehicl passeng car refer mass kg vehicl wheel driven power valu tabl set multipli factor appendix resist progress vehicl measur method road simul chassi dynamomet object method object method defin measur resist progress vehicl stabil speed road simul resist dynamomet accord annex iii definit road road level suffici long enabl measur made slope constant exce atmospher condit wind test limit wind speed averag peak speed addit vector compon wind speed test road wind veloc measur road surfac humid road dry pressur temperatur air densiti time test deviat refer condit kpa vehicl prepar run vehicl normal run order adjust run km tyre run time vehicl tread depth initi tread depth verif check made accord manufactur specif consid wheel wheel trim tyre make type pressur front axl geometri brake adjust elimin parasit drag lubric front rear axl adjust suspens vehicl level prepar test vehicl load refer mass level vehicl obtain centr graviti load situat midwai quot quot point front outer seat straight line pass point case road test window vehicl close cover air climat system headlamp oper posit vehicl clean immedi prior test vehicl brought normal run temperatur manner method gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt appendix verif inertia mechan object method appendix make check simul total inertia dynamomet carri satisfactorili run phase oper cycl principl gt pic file quot quot gt specif mass simul total inertia remain theoret equival inertia annex iii limit theoret instantan theoret averag calcul sequenc cycl limit brought start vehicl manual transmiss second gear verif procedur verif carri test cycl defin annex iii requir met instantan acceler time greater smaller valu obtain sequenc theoret cycl verif technic note explan draw work equat gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt appendix definit ga sampl system introduct type sampl devic capabl meet requir set annex iii devic deem accept satisfi main criteria relat variabl dilut principl commun laboratori mention system sampl perform test criteria relat variabl dilut system measur exhaust ga emiss scope section specifi oper characterist exhaust ga sampl system intend measur true mass emiss vehicl exhaust accord provis direct principl variabl dilut sampl measur mass emiss requir condit satisfi vehicl exhaust gase continu dilut ambient air condit total volum mixtur exhaust gase dilut air measur accur continu proport sampl dilut exhaust gase dilut air collect analysi mass emiss determin proport sampl concentr total volum measur test sampl concentr correct account pollut content ambient air technic summari figur schemat diagram sampl system vehicl exhaust gase dilut suffici amount ambient air prevent water condens sampl measur system exhaust ga sampl system make measur averag volum concentr hc nox contain exhaust gase emit vehicl test cycl mixtur air exhaust gase homogen point sampl probe locat probe extract repres sampl dilut exhaust gase system make measur total volum dilut exhaust gase vehicl test sampl system ga tight design variabl dilut sampl system materi make affect pollut concentr dilut exhaust gase compon system heat exchang cyclon separ blower chang concentr pollut dilut exhaust gase fault correct sampl pollut carri compon vehicl test equip exhaust system compris tailpip connect tube connect manifold instal vehicl ga sampl collect sampl bag adequ capac hinder ga flow sampl period bag made materi affect concentr pollut gase variabl dilut system design enabl exhaust gase sampl appreci chang back pressur exhaust pipe outlet specif requir exhaust ga collect dilut devic connect tube vehicl exhaust tailpip mix chamber short case static pressur exhaust tailpip vehicl test differ kpa km kpa durat test static pressur record connect vehicl tailpip pressur measur exhaust tailpip extens diamet end pipe chang natur exhaust ga mix chamber vehicl exhaust gase dilut air mix produc homogen mixtur chamber outlet homogen mixtur cross section locat sampl probe vari averag valu obtain point locat equal interv diamet ga stream order minim effect condit exhaust tailpip limit drop pressur insid dilut air condit devic pressur insid mix chamber differ kpa atmospher pressur suction devic volum measur devic devic rang fix speed ensur suffici flow prevent water condens result gener obtain keep concentr dilut exhaust ga sampl bag lower volum volum measur volum measur devic retain calibr accuraci oper condit devic compens variat temperatur mixtur exhaust gase dilut air measur point heat exchang maintain temperatur oper temperatur cyclon separ protect volum measur devic gt pic file quot quot gt temperatur sensor instal immedi volum measur devic temperatur sensor accuraci precis respons time temperatur variat measur silicon oil pressur measur precis accuraci kpa test measur pressur differ atmospher pressur volum measur devic ga sampl dilut exhaust gase sampl dilut exhaust gase suction devic condit devic flow rate deviat averag sampl rate fall litr minut exce flow rate dilut exhaust gase equival limit appli constant mass sampl system dilut air sampl dilut air constant flow rate ambient air inlet filter fit air contamin exhaust gase mix area sampl rate dilut air compar case dilut exhaust gase sampl oper materi sampl oper chang pollut concentr filter order extract solid particl sampl pump requir order convei sampl sampl bag flow control valv flow meter need order obtain flow rate requir sampl quick fasten ga tight connect valv sampl bag connect seal automat bag side system convei sampl analyz stop valv valv direct sampl gase quick adjust quick act type storag sampl ga sampl collect sampl bag adequ capac reduc sampl rate bag made materi chang concentr synthet pollut gase minut addit sampl apparatu test diesel engin vehicl sampl point close mix chamber heat pipe sampl probe heat filter pump locat vicin sampl sourc quick act connect analyz sampl ambient air collect bag heat compon temperatur heat system compens variat flow rate heat exchang temperatur control devic characterist ensur flow rate system constant sampl rate proport descript devic variabl dilut devic posit displac pump pdp cv figur posit displac pump constant volum sampler pdp cv satisfi requir annex meter constant temperatur pressur pump total volum measur count revolut made calibr posit displac pump proport sampl achiev sampl pump flow meter flow control valv constant flow rate figur schemat draw sampl system configur produc accur result exact conform draw essenti addit compon instrument valv solenoid switch provid addit inform coordin function compon system collect equip consist filter dilut air preheat filter consist activ charcoal sandwich layer paper reduc stabil hydrocarbon concentr ambient emiss dilut air mix chamber exhaust ga air mix homogen heat exchang capac suffici ensur test temperatur air exhaust ga mixtur measur point immedi upstream posit displac pump design oper temperatur devic affect pollut concentr dilut gase analysi temperatur control system tc preheat heat exchang test control temperatur test deviat design oper temperatur limit posit displac pump pdp transport constant volum flow air exhaust ga mixtur flow capac pump larg elimin water condens system oper condit occur test gener ensur posit displac pump flow capac high maximum flow exhaust ga produc acceler drive cycl suffici ensur concentr dilut exhaust sampl bag volum temperatur sensor accuraci precis fit point immedi upstream posit displac pump design monitor continu temperatur dilut exhaust ga mixtur test pressur gaug accuraci precis kpa fit immedi upstream volum meter regist pressur gradient ga mixtur ambient air pressur gaug accuraci precis kpa fit differenti pressur pump inlet pump outlet regist sampl outlet take constant sampl dilut air dilut exhaust ga air mixtur filter extract solid particl flow ga collect analysi pump collect constant flow dilut air dilut exhaust ga air mixtur test gt pic file quot quot gt flow meter fl adjust monitor constant flow ga sampl test quick act valv divert constant flow ga sampl sampl bag vent ga tight quick lock coupl element quick act valv sampl bag coupl close automat sampl bag side altern wai transport sampl analyz stopcock instanc bag collect sampl dilut exhaust ga dilut air test suffici capac imped sampl flow bag materi affect measur chemic composit ga sampl instanc lamin polyethylen polyamid film fluorin polyhydrocarbon digit counter regist number revolut perform posit displac pump test addit equip requir test diesel engin vehicl compli requir annex iii addit compon dot line figur test diesel engin vehicl fh heat filter sampl point close mix chamber vh heat multiwai valv quick connector ambient air sampl ba analyz hfid hfid heat flame ioniz analyz gt pic file quot quot gt mean integr record instantan hydrocarbon concentr lh heat sampl line heat compon maintain critic flow venturi dilut devic cfv cv figur critic flow venturi connect cv sampl procedur base principl flow mechan critic flow variabl mixtur flow rate dilut exhaust ga maintain sonic veloc directli proport squar root ga temperatur flow continu monitor comput integr test addit critic flow sampl venturi proportion ga sampl ensur pressur temperatur equal venturi inlet volum ga flow divert sampl proport total volum dilut exhaust ga mixtur produc requir annex met figur schemat draw sampl system configur produc accur result exact conform draw essenti addit compon instrument valv solenoid switch provid addit inform coordin function compon system collect equip consist filter dilut air preheat filter consist activ charcoal sandwich layer paper reduc stabil hydrocarbon background emiss dilut air mix chamber exhaust ga air mix homogen cyclon separat cs extract particl sampl probe take sampl dilut air dilut exhaust ga sampl critic flow venturi sv proport sampl dilut exhaust ga sampl probe filter extract solid particl ga flow divert analysi pump collect part flow air dilut exhaust ga bag test gt pic file quot quot gt snubber ps sampl line flow meter fl adjust monitor flow ga sampl test quick act solenoid valv divert constant flow ga sampl sampl bag vent ga tight quick lock coupl element quick act valv sampl bag coupl close automat sampl bag side altern wai transport sampl analyz stopcock instanc bag collect sampl dilut exhaust ga dilut air test suffici capac imped sampl flow bag materi affect measur chemic composit ga sampl instanc lamin polyethylen polyamid film fluorin polyhydrocarbon pressur gaug precis accur kpa temperatur sensor precis accur respons time second temperatur chang measur silicon oil measur critic flow venturi tube mv measur flow volum dilut exhaust ga blower bl suffici capac handl total volum dilut exhaust ga capac cfv cv system oper condit possibl occur test condens water gener ensur blower capac high maximum flow exhaust ga produc acceler drive cycl suffici ensur concentr dilut exhaust sampl bag volum addit equip requir test diesel engin vehicl compli requir annex iii addit compon shown dot line figur test diesel engin vehicl fh heat filter sampl point close mix chamber vh heat multiwai valv quick connector ambient air sampl ba analyz hfid hfid heat flame ioniz analyz mean integr record instantan hydrocarbon concentr lh heat sampl line heat compon maintain compens vari flow heat exchang temperatur control system tc requir ensur constant flow venturi mv proport flow gt pic file quot quot gt variabl dilut devic constant flow control orific cfo cv figur collect equip consist sampl tube connect vehicl exhaust pipe devic sampl devic consist pump devic draw dilut mixtur exhaust ga air mix chamber exhaust ga air mix homogen heat exchang capac suffici ensur test temperatur air exhaust ga mixtur measur point immedi posit displac flow rate measur devic design oper temperatur devic alter pollut concentr dilut gase analysi condit satisfi pollut sampl effect cyclon consid pollut devic temperatur control tc preheat heat exchang test temperatur test probe sampl mean pump flow meter fl filter allow collect solid particl gase analysi pump dilut air dilut mixtur volum meter orific temperatur censor accuraci precis fit point immedi volum measur devic design monitor continu temperatur dilut exhaust ga mixtur test pressur gaug accuraci precis kpa fit immedi volum meter regist pressur gradient ga mixtur ambient air pressur gaug accuraci precis kpa fit differenti pressur pump inlet pump outlet regist gt pic file quot quot gt flow meter fl adjust monitor constant flow ga sampl test valv divert constant flow ga sampl sampl bag vent ga tight quick lock coupl element valv sampl bag coupl close automat sampl bag side wai transport sampl analyz stopcock instanc bag collect sampl dilut exhaust ga dilut air test suffici capac imped sampl flow bag materi affect measur chemic composit ga sampl instanc lamin polyethylen polyamid film fluorin polyhydrocarbon gt pic file quot quot gt appendix method calibr equip establish calibr curv oper rang calibr accord requir annex iii procedur analyz calibr curv establish calibr point space uniformli nomin concentr calibr ga highest concentr full scale calibr curv calcul squar method result polynomin degre greater number calibr point equal polynomi degre calibr curv differ nomin calibr ga trace calibr curv trace calibr curv calibr point verifi calibr carri correctli characterist paramet analyz scale sensit point date carri calibr shown satisfact technic servic altern technolog comput electron control rang switch give equival accuraci altern verif calibr oper rang check prior analysi accord calibr check ga span ga nomin suppos analyz point consid found differ full scale theoret adjust paramet modifi case calibr curv establish accord test ga span ga check analysi consid accept differ measur result effici test nox convert effici convert convers test test set shown figur procedur effici convert test mean ozon calibr cla common oper rang manufactur specif span ga content amount oper rang concentr ga mixtur concentr nox analyz mode span ga pass convert record concentr fit oxygen synthet air ad continu ga flow concentr calibr concentr record concentr ozon deactiv process ozon activ gener ozon bring concentr minimum calibr concentr record concentr nox analyz switch nox mode mean ga mixtur consist pass convert record concentr ozon deactiv mixtur gase pass convert detector record concentr figur gt pic file quot quot gt ozon deactiv flow oxygen synthet air shut nox read analyz figur effici nox convert calcul gt pic file quot quot gt effici convert effici convert test week calibr cv system cv system calibr accur flow meter restrict devic flow system measur pressur read control paramet system measur relat flow type flow meter calibr venturi laminar flow meter calibr turbin meter provid dynam measur system meet requir annex iii section give detail method calibr pdp cfv unit laminar flow meter requir accuraci statist check calibr valid calibr posit displac pump pdp calibr procedur outlin equip test configur paramet measur establish flow rate cv pump paramet relat pump simultan measur paramet relat flow meter connect seri pump calcul flow rate min pump inlet absolut pressur temperatur plot versu correl function specif combin pump paramet linear equat relat pump flow correl function determin event cv multipl speed drive calibr rang perform calibr procedur base measur absolut valu pump flow meter paramet relat flow rate point condit maintain ensur accuraci integr calibr curv pump pressur measur tap pump extern pipe pump inlet outlet pressur tap mount top centr bottom centr pump drive headplat expos actual pump caviti pressur reflect absolut pressur diffenti temperatur stabil maintain calibr laminar flow meter sensit inlet temperatur oscil data point scatter gradual temperatur accept long occur period minut connect flow meter cv pump free leakag exhaust emiss test measur pump paramet enabl user calcul flow rate calibr equat figur appendix show test set variat permiss provid approv author grant approv compar accuraci set shown figur appendix data found limit precis gt pic file quot quot gt system connect shown figur set variabl restrictor wide open posit run cv pump minut start calibr reset restrictor valv restrict condit increment pump inlet depress kpa yield minimum data point total calibr system stabil minut repeat data acquisit figur pdp cv calibr configur gt pic file quot quot gt data analysi air flow rate qs test point calcul standard min flow meter data manufactur prescrib method air flow rate convert pump flow vo rev absolut pump inlet temperatur pressur gt pic file quot quot gt vo pump flow rate tp pp rev qs air flow kpa min tp pump inlet temperatur pp absolut pump inlet pressur pump speed revolut minut figur cfv cv calibr configur gt pic file quot quot gt compens interact pump speed pressur variat pump pump slip rate correl function xo pump speed pressur differenti pump inlet pump outlet absolut pump outlet pressur calcul gt pic file quot quot gt cv system multipl speed calibr speed calibr curv gener rang approxim parallel intercept valu increas pump flow rang decreas calibr perform carefulli calcul valu equat measur vo valu vari pump calibr perform pump start major mainten calibr critic flow venturi cfv calibr cfv base flow equat critic venturi gt pic file quot quot gt qs flow kv calibr coeffici absolut pressur kpa absolut temperatur ga flow function inlet pressur temperatur calibr procedur establish calibr coeffici measur valu pressur temperatur air flow manufactur recommend procedur calibr electron portion cfv measur flow calibr critic flow venturi requir data found limit precis gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt equip set shown figur check leak leak flow measur devic critic flow venturi affect accuraci calibr variabl flow restrictor set open posit blower start system stabil data instrument record flow restrictor vari read critic flow rang venturi made data record calibr calcul air flow rate qs test point calcul flow meter data manufactur prescrib method calcul valu calibr coeffici test point gt pic file quot quot gt qs flow rate min kpa tv temperatur venturi inlet pv absolut pressur venturi inlet kpa plot kv function venturi inlet pressur sonic flow kv constant pressur decreas vacuum increas venturi unchok kv decreas result kv permiss minimum point critic region calcul averag kv standard deviat standard deviat exce averag kv correct action appendix total system verif compli requir annex iii total accuraci cv sampl system analyt system determin introduc mass pollut ga system whilst oper normal test analyz calcul pollut mass formula appendix annex densiti propan gram litr standard condit techniqu give suffici accuraci meter constant flow pure ga critic flow orific devic quantiti pure ga fed cv system calibr critic orific inlet pressur high flow rate adjust mean critic flow orific independ orific outlet pressur critic flow deviat exceed occur malfunct locat determin cv system oper exhaust emiss test minut ga collect sampl bag analyz usual equip result compar concentr ga sampl meter limit quantiti pure ga mean gravimetr techniqu gravimetr procedur verifi cv system weight small cylind fill carbon monoxid propan determin precis minut cv system oper normal exhaust emiss test propan inject system quantiti pure ga involv determin mean differenti weigh ga accumul bag analyz mean equip exhaust ga analysi result compar concentr figur comput previous appendix calcul mass emiss pollut mass emiss pollut calcul mean equat gt pic file quot quot gt mi mass emiss pollut gram test vmix volum dilut exhaust ga express litr test correct standard condit kpa qi densiti pollut gram litr normal temperatur pressur kpa kh humid correct factor calcul mass emiss oxid nitrogen humid correct hc ci concentr pollut dilut exhaust ga express ppm correct amount pollut contain dilut air volum determin calcul volum variabl dilut devic constant flow control orific venturi record continu paramet show volumetr flow calcul total volum durat test calcul volum posit displac pump volum dilut exhaust ga system compris posit displac pump calcul formula vo volum dilut exhaust ga express litr test prior correct vo volum ga deliv posit displac pump test condit litr revolut number revolut test correct dilut exhaust ga volum standard condit dilut exhaust ga volum correct mean formula gt pic file quot quot gt pb barometr pressur test room kpa vacuum inlet posit displac pump kpa rel ambient barometr pressur tp averag temperatur dilut exhaust ga enter posit displac pump test calcul correct concentr pollut sampl bag gt pic file quot quot gt ci concentr pollut dilut exhaust ga express ppm correct amount contain dilut air ce measur concentr pollut dilut exhaust ga express ppm cd measur concentr pollut air dilut express ppm df dilut factor dilut factor calcul gt pic file quot quot gt equat cco concentr dilut exhaust ga contain sampl bag express volum chc concentr hc dilut exhaust ga contain sampl bag express ppm carbon equival cco concentr dilut exhaust ga contain sampl bag express ppm determin humid correct factor order correct influenc humid result oxid nitrogen calcul appli gt pic file quot quot gt absolut humid express gram water kilogram dry air ra rel humid ambient air express percentag pd satur vapour pressur ambient temperatur express kpa pb atmospher pressur room express kpa gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt annex iv type ii test carbon monoxid emiss test idl speed introduct annex describ procedur type ii test defin annex condit measur fuel refer fuel specif annex vi type ii test carri immedi fourth oper cycl type test engin idl speed cold start devic immedi measur carbon monoxid content type test oper cycl annex annex iii carri case vehicl manual oper semi automat shift gearbox test carri gear lever quot neutral quot posit clutch engag case vehicl automat shift gear box test carri gear selector quot neutral quot quot park quot posit compon adjust idl speed definit purpos direct quot compon adjust idl speed quot mean control chang idl condit engin easili oper mechan tool devic calibr fuel air flow consid adjust compon set requir remov set stop oper perform profession mechan tool control compon adjust idl speed screwdriv ordinari cross head spanner ring open end adjust plier allen kei determin measur point measur set type test perform adjust compon continu variat suffici number characterist posit determin measur carbon monoxid content exhaust gase carri posit adjust compon compon continu variat posit defin adopt type ii test consid satisfactori condit met valu measur accord exce limit valu maximum content obtain continu vari adjust compon compon stabl exce limit condit met combin adjust compon vari continu posit adjust compon limit hand larger valu lowest idl speed engin reach speed recommend manufactur minu revolut minut hand smallest valu highest speed engin attain activ idl speed compon speed recommend manufactur revolut minut cut speed automat clutch addit set incompat correct run engin adopt measur set engin equip carburettor carburettor set sampl gase sampl probe pipe connect exhaust sampl bag close exhaust concentr cco cco determin measur instrument read record calibr curv correct concentr carbon monoxid stroke engin gt pic file quot quot gt concentr cco measur formula contain correct total concentr measur cco cco stroke engin annex type iii test verifi emiss crankcas gase introduct annex describ procedur type iii test defin annex gener provis test iii carri vehicl gasolin fuell engin subject type type ii test engin test includ leak proof engin design slight leak unaccept oper fault flat twin engin test condit idl regul conform manufactur recommend measur perform set condit engin oper gt pic file quot quot gt test method oper condit list reliabl function crankcas ventil system check method verif crankcas ventil system engin apertur left found pressur crankcas measur locat measur dipstick hole inclin tube manomet vehicl deem satisfactori condit measur defin pressur measur crankcas exce atmospher pressur prevail time measur test method pressur intak manifold measur kpa vehicl speed dynamomet measur km pressur measur crankcas measur kpa condit measur defin pressur measur crankcas exce atmospher pressur addit test defin perform request manufactur addit test method engin apertur left found flexibl bag impervi crankcas gase capac approxim litr connect dipstick hole bag empti measur bag close measur open crankcas minut condit measur prescrib vehicl deem satisfactori condit measur defin visibl inflat bag occur remark structur layout engin test perform method measur effect method modifi test apertur requir recoveri gase close bag suitabl introduc addit loss pressur instal recycl circuit devic directli engin connect apertur gt pic file quot quot gt annex vi specif refer fuel technic data refer fuel test vehicl equip gasolin fuell engin cec refer fuel rf type premium gasolin lead gt pic file quot quot gt technic data refer fuel test vehicl equip diesel engin cec refer fuel rf type diesel fuel gt pic file quot quot gt annex vii gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt