commiss decis april declar compat common market concentr case iv accor wagon lit council regul eec french text authent eec commiss european commun regard treati establish european econom commun regard council regul eec decemb control concentr undertak articl thereof regard commiss decis decemb initi proceed case undertak concern opportun make view object rais commiss regard opinion advisori committe concentr march natur proceed proceed relat concentr notifi commiss pursuant articl regul eec regul notif effect novemb concentr involv propos acquisit accor sa accor intermediari hold compani cobefin share circul compagni international de wagon lit du tourism ciwlt mean takeov bid preced acquisit major cobefin capit ii parti accor french cater hotel group main activ cater motorwai group cater luncheon voucher hotel includ salt water cure tourism activ cruis tour oper relat servic ciwlt belgian cater hotel tourism group main activ cater motorwai train group cater hotel includ railwai sleep car car hire travel agenc iii concentr takeov bid end decemb accor hold capit ciwlt oper accor minor hold ciwlt accor minor hold exercis control ciwlt brussel commerci court judgment deliv decemb accor appeal bind commiss view prior oper ciwlt jointli control number undertak includ accor determin accor exercis joint control ciwlt oper commiss consid oper object effect enabl undertak exercis undertak joint control mean subparagraph articl regul control undertak concentr mean articl regul oper concentr mean articl regul iv commun dimens turnov financi year shown consolid profit loss account undertak concern accor ecu ciwlt ecu accor propos ad sum turnov figur pursuant articl regul turnov achiev oper minor subsidiari manag accor subsidiari hotel manag contract accor oper hotel account minor subsidiari compani includ consolid account commiss note contract characterist accor run hotel group establish name undertak manag term refer gener scope oper hotel market sale account financi manag manag control legal administr tax matter owner option entrust servic accor full control staf polici recruit manag dismiss supervis staff plai import role train negoti collect agreement second member accor staff hotel requir explicit agreement owner contract long term year averag renew tacit owner sell leas dispos hotel buyer lesse undertak compli assum oblig incumb owner vi vi accor accor refus transact purchas leas hotel price rent term condit set owner notif buyer occup refus assum oblig incumb owner accor purchas leas hotel contract termin accor receiv compens conclus appear contract owner virtual role provid capit confer accor role fulli fledg manag accor manag relev undertak affair mean fourth indent articl regul conclus base detail analysi contract notabl precis power owner budgetari matter analysi allow commiss accept accor argument turnov gener contract concern ecu account item oper proce includ ciwlt profit loss account commiss consid compon item deriv sale product provis servic ciwlt part ordinari activ item amount ecu total amount shown recit repres aggreg turnov relev undertak mean articl regul amount ecu combin aggreg worldwid turnov undertak concern ecu billion accor ciwlt commun wide turnov ecu million parti concern achiev third turnov member state concentr commun dimens mean articl regul assess pursuant articl regul commiss examin tour oper travel agenc group cater hotel commerci cater sector concentr lead increas accor market share vertic conglomer relationship emerg concentr account analysi hotel sector tour oper travel agenc sector tour oper travel agenc sector activ accor ciwlt margin occupi present modest place market commiss includ market decis open proceed pursuant articl regul commiss object effect concentr sector group cater sector group cater sector concentr bring increas market share entiti germani spain relev product market relev product market market contract group cater contract group cater commiss mean provis cater servic home perform parti includ princip provis prepar partli prepar meal premis public privat sector bodi provis servic carri sector includ cater place work firm administr offic social welfar health sector hospit peopl home educ school colleg commiss agre view accor competitor question signific differ segment public privat sector exist distinct market basic major undertak concern engag market segment consid group cater market constitut relev product market contrari accor opinion relev market includ group cater carri bodi direct group cater run canteen firm administr bodi servic offer market suppli cater servic repres altern custom seek group cater provid parti view line commiss consist practic relev geograph market sign tendenc market open featur point conclus group cater market regard nation charact legisl provis differ member state notabl award contract public sector social welfar aspect prefer client firm member state regard qualiti servic charg method price proport contract hous group cater extent group cater provid differ wide member state compat common market group cater market germani suppli structur group cater germani character larg number small firm independ contractor paechter offer cater servic region local level present market restrict number firm larger term size capac call cater firm belong foreign group compani ara sodexho gardner amp merchant commiss carri investig import german cater firm result servic offer cater firm hand small compani independ contractor hand signific extent regard substitut reason inconsider part custom serv cater firm account bodi requir averag number meal dai demand satisfi cater firm small compani fact compani suppli servic repres spot constitut import element choic custom inform commiss nation contract cater firm suppli cater servic compani belong group nation european scale final independ contractor flexibl term price effect competit cater firm fix cost structur higher assess posit entiti acquir group cater market question small firm independ contractor includ relev market form contrari distinct market left open case commiss consid concentr compat common market activ small compani contractor includ german contract group cater market estim ecu billion market entiti market share domin posit take account activ larg cater firm defin market restrict combin turnov lead cater firm amount ecu million market entiti market share ara sodexho pedu number firm smaller market share psg apetito ksg gardner amp merchant zorn market accor hold import market posit concentr term absolut rel market share term financi power capac strengthen accor market posit commiss consid analysi condit competit determin german cater market requir articl regul accor achiev scope action allow behav appreci extent independ competitor custom explain reason contract cater market germani develop tradit exist hous canteen grow rapidli major cater firm consult commiss forecast annual growth year ahead legal technic econom barrier hinder competitor enter market restrain actual competitor smaller size enlarg activ market hand confirm major cater compani inquiri commiss hand demonstr develop german cater market number foreign compani enter year acquisit german compani sodexho eirung amp ott creation subsidiari gardner amp merchant compani present hold signific posit market shown ara sodexho number number cater firm germani number competitor ara gardner amp merchant sodexho present cater market financi power compar financi power entiti compar activ member state commun hand financi power constitut prerequisit success compani market concern shown exist number medium size compani pedu ksg apetito competit behaviour accor addit partial influenc small compani independ contractor repres viabl altern custom region local level larg number custom consider compani repres spot time directli assur region characterist suppli light exist local region demand accor oblig consider competit reaction independ contractor small compani result scope action market restrict lastli negoti strength cater firm limit fact clientèl made essenti industri firm cater auxiliari busi contract group cater grow market signific barrier entri number competitor compar size financi power competit influenc result small compani independ contractor offer cater servic local region level industri charact clientèl affect demand side high market share entiti achiev merger lead domin posit result effect competit imped german group cater market group cater market spain spanish group cater market compar german market develop grow rapidli suppli structur character presenc number small compani restrict geograph activ larger compani cater firm account group cater market spain estim industri take consider activ larg cater firm entiti market share inform commiss sodexho husa serunión vasca osesa concentr result high market share entiti spanish market strengthen financi power improv access custom analysi condit competit market show accor acquir domin posit concentr result effect competit significantli imped spanish market explain reason spanish market contract cater grow market accor share contract cater firm spain present hold market account total group cater includ hous group cater gira sic studi cater market spain experienc annual growth cater firm present spanish market ask commiss confirm forecast compar annual growth year ahead specif legal technic econom barrier prevent competitor enter market hinder actual competitor small size develop activ market addit foreign competitor enter market acquir spanish compani establish market creat joint ventur compani expans actual competitor reason explain point recit refer german market hold spanish market suppli structur group cater market character exist number competitor hold signific market share presenc number medium size compani term volum financi power market show success market depend size financi power compani final custom cater firm turn difficulti small compani region local level small compani repres viabl altern term price result greater flexibl term avail result local presenc confirm major cater firm question spanish market commiss consid concentr lead domin posit entiti result effect competit significantli imped spanish market group cater conclus commiss includ market decis initi proceed articl regul commiss object effect concentr market hotel sector decis initi proceed decemb commiss decid initi proceed pursuant articl regul includ hotel sector decis commun pursuant articl regul commiss view investig carri part proceed object concentr hotel sector market hotel servic suppli local level mention decis commiss state examin effect concentr market hotel servic suppli local level hotel establish provid accommod examin look hotel sector gener separ categori market commiss conclud concentr rais doubt compat common market studi hotel chain mention decis commiss carri detail investig hotel chain investig prompt make observ industri distinguish broad categori hotel independ hotel consist legal econom independ undertak total number approv hotel room voluntari chain consist group independ hotel carri market promot purchas hotel total number approv hotel room integr chain oper hotel directli subsidiari indirectli franchis manag contract total number approv hotel total number room suppli chain hotel differ respect independ hotel chain hotel base network concept involv larg number establish result broad geograph coverag meet servic requir pure local framework point view product servic suppli chain hotel offer uniform product hotel extens rang servic extend open hour restaur reserv network chain hotel base polici oper common hotel trade mark polici combin market commerci activ hotel public larg mean inaccess singl independ hotel financi cost chain hotel central reserv system resint accor holidex holidai inn access intern reserv system amadeu galileo hotel chain pursu polici activ seek custom approach intermediari tour oper travel agenc airlin computer reserv system major compani offer contract provid special price promot packag access relat servic car hire aim boost network clientèl joint polici chain creat aggreg demand perform hotel benefit hotel network convers number overnight stai independ hotel establish site familiar creat network depend local competit habitu frequenc visit guest demand larg custom tour oper travel agenc larg firm work primarili type hotel transact cost reserv lower form part pre negoti framework reserv made basi pre arrang formula framework agreement govern invoic price term payment commiss discount investig carri shown third turnov integr chain deriv sale travel agenc tour oper custom cover framework contract lastli computer reserv system tour oper hotel chain preferenti access intern custom hotel trade accor ciwlt oper chain franc formul ibi urbi novotel mercur sofitel case accor arcad altea pullmann case ciwlt accor take view hotel chain constitut distinct market separ hotel trade determin framework decis hotel chain market regard distinct independ hotel similarli determin geograph framework competit oper reason take narrowest market definit nation hotel chain market concentr result accor ciwlt hold french hotel chain market market share term turnov term capac basi number room market share view light fact accor market leader franc group extrem wide geograph coverag hotel town pari region repres hotel categori larg number hotel name oper addit accor improv access custom acquisit ciwlt travel agenc network broaden rang servic joint control acquir europcar car hire view point set market share note modest suggest concentr give entiti domin posit compet hotel chain consider financi strength société du louvr holidai inn bass plc group trust hous fort hilton ladbrok marriott oper market french hotel industri continu develop notabl establish chain hotel modern independ hotel facilit incent support measur made public author increas group independ hotel voluntari chain help increas suppli hotel network give agenc tour oper larg custom altern sourc suppli addit independ computer hotel reserv system develop increas lastli tour oper travel agenc volum busi consider negoti power chain account tour oper travel agenc provid servic hotel servic transport car hire involv specif clientèl conclus commiss consid concentr creat reinforc domin posit result effect competit significantli imped hotel market common market substanti part thereof motorwai cater sector commerci cater side motorwai cater involv sector franc concentr result increas market share entiti decis initi proceed decemb examin notif commiss decid initi proceed pursuant articl regul doubt compat concentr common market motorwai cater sector franc commun pursuant articl regul investig carri respect broad rang undertak associ commiss accor januari ciwlt februari commun pursuant articl regul object rais commun summar motorwai cater market franc market distinct tradit cater due fa demand concern fact clientèl specif motorwai user access servic captiv majoritii user leav motorwai meal suppli concern motorwai cater character wide variat turnov depend dai year great import relat servic suppli custom remain open dai week long open hour strict legal framework notabl oblig impos govern distinct drawn product market motorwai cater cater strict sens waiter servic servic light meal snack sandwich bar sale food product shop vend machin picnic facil awai distinct base demand concern criteria time requir consumpt natur servic provid price place consumpt journei busi pleasur suppli concern criteria natur firm type servic presenc type cater servic area percept accor competitor claus contain contract document amount invest relev geograph market french market competit take place essenti time cater facil establish time tender oper facil legal regulatori reason condit govern establish condit govern oper uniform nation territori addit differ member state organ motorwai network condit govern establish oper cater facil market commun market confirm fact major motorwai cater firm oper member state simultan limit extent foreign firm except ciwlt oper franc attempt establish oper foreign metwork gener failur plan concentr give entiti domin posit result effect competit imped significantli market cater strict sens light meal reason market share entiti cater strict sens light meal cater strict sens entiti time size nearest competitor light meal larg number competitor share market market share diminish appreci futur notabl number servic area period cover subconcess cater strict sens competitor entiti small group elitair market share independ cater light meal competitor fuel distribut compani competit strength sphere limit financi strength entiti proport competitor barrier market entri high due legal regulatori constraint freedom establish long durat concess heavi burden administr oblig small firm fact motorwai limit number futur develop network uncertain difficulti foreign firm penetr market entiti procur power increas benefit past advantag oper success servic area stretch motorwai diversifi imag ey compani oper motorwai franc improv technic econom progress benefit consum case commiss consid mean achiev event major obstacl competit concentr repres market cater strict sens light meal commiss alter conclus entiti domin posit imped significantli competit relev market motorwai cater regard singl product market commiss disput posit alter substanc assum market definit market share entiti point set appli similar domin posit result effect competit imped significantli french market repli made accor ciwlt commun accor observ commiss commun set letter date februari object accor classifi categori accor question product market defin commiss contest view concentr creat domin posit commiss respons accor observ respect object relat market definit accor consid figur motorwai user leav motorwai order make purchas appear estim respect commiss repeat figur motorwai compani question appear correspond realiti commiss note accor evid capabl rais doubt respect accor regret commiss type meal chosen depend distanc client journei respect commiss criterion relev parti question rais issu case accor observ reinforc fact relev product market accor sale light meal increas commiss contest fact remark evolut equal reflect reduct sale shop consumpt product purchas journei motorwai reduct restaur purchas stricto sensu accor note increas market share petrol retail compar stagnat motorwai restaur compani respect relev recal petrol retail present market cater strict sens put argument perspect accor consid presenc servic provid servic station configur servic station facilit substitut servic commiss maintain presenc servic servic station demonstr requir consum vari commiss consid import accor criteria exagger consum inform specif motorwai signal graphic represent accor consid exist ancillari servic common servic sector presenc tabl proxim automat vend machin substitut commiss note exist ancillari servic put doubt distinct made product market result combin number relev factor oper level suppli demand argument put forward correspond common practic event justifi inclus cater strict sens permit group light meal retail food stuff accor consid price variat servic fact lower competitor respect commiss note accor admit exist price variat commiss note respect price variat accor larg base averag price purchas calcul basket good ignor price differ individu product object relat creation domin posit accor reproach commiss account develop plan motorwai compani commiss note relat develop plan question accor chang posit notif page mention precis detail develop plan motorwai compani evisag approxim instal year low annual increment bring doubt commiss analysi accor consid servic station shop financi resourc compar accor ciwlt belong major petroleum compani commiss note contrari partner ciwlt instal manag servic station shop financi independ respect recours support group accor cite motorwai restaur compani financi power compar commiss remark group present french motorwai network accor note compani present market resubmit bid tender offer commiss recogn recal remain durat concess long year accor consid small undertak establish notabl partnership note grow tendenc respect commiss consid exist partnership demonstr difficult small undertak set market share small cater compani respect neglig accor argu concentr enabl train personnel improv instal modern commiss observ firstli increas product claim accor remain vagu evalu suppos benefit exist demonstr superior run cost creat larger size entiti final motorwai restaur market weak elast demand structur undertak domin posit hold interest pass assum gain consum accor observ fundament alter conclus contain commiss commun make observ accor nonetheless number undertak set head vi letter date februari ciwlt comment commiss commun ciwlt comment summar commiss repli respons comment ciwlt consid geograph refer market motorwai cater commun wide market base view propos council direct coordin procedur award public servic contract direct applic motorwai cater commiss unawar exist propos account factor framework merger control determin geograph size refer market maintain case question refer market french market reason chang year ahead ciwlt point direct reach stage common posit adopt februari council fortiori transpos nation law member state direct principl lai provis grant concess procedur award contract rule govern oper exclud direct type servic concern addit remain period left run subconcess year direct impact long period number invit tender anticip establish year ahead proport current number establish oper commiss believ circumst complet case iv tnt cite ciwlt ciwlt stress current featur oper establish oper partnership local cater chamber commerc local author minor hold capit compani submit partnership confer right minor partner accor wagon lit network continu oper separ intern competit establish belong group suffici argument accept domin posit part group concern rate question accor refrain interven strateg decis manag ciwlt oper ciwlt argument relev commiss view ciwlt comment fundament alter conclus contain commiss commun comment parti parti submit written comment commiss pursuant articl regul articl commiss regul eec motorwai compani wrote februari confirm previou letter previou letter state oppos concentr obstacl competit result associ motorwai compani state letter date februari concentr view jeopard balanc network provid intern competit continu mainten separ trade name system lacal partnership maintain motorwai compani state letter date februari support posit abovement associ point made parti analys commiss point recit alter conclus contain commiss commun vi made plan concentr accor inform commiss letter februari willing alter aspect concentr undertak agre period sell ciwlt motorwai cater activ motorwai cater activ ciwlt directli indirectli depend subsidiari ciwlt sogerba accor commit relat transfer accompani commit intend make transfer fulli effect undertak accor prevent intern growth motorwai cater activ vii consequ sale ciwlt motorwai cater activ analysi competit rule accor sale ciwlt motorwai cater activ repres import chang fact case influenc assess concentr french motorwai cater market sale accor increas share motorwai cater market franc concentr effect concentr outlin commiss commun aris chang fact propos concentr prompt commiss concentr compat common market light condit oblig mean subparagraph articl regul counterpart undertak accor condit oblig comment ciwlt repli commiss april hand disput accor give sale undertak consid accor capit ciwlt account interest minor sharehold hand request imposit condit oblig commun commiss point commiss author oper accor exercis control ciwlt undertak commiss point commiss consid examin condit oblig propos ciwlt author concentr prevent harm ciwlt aoppt decis articl concentr accor sa compagni international de wagon lit du tourism declar compat common market subject oblig articl arrang implement articl articl accor sell ciwlt french motorwai cater activ directli indirectli depend sogerba oper buyer period articl oblig articl subject practic arrang sale place natur legal person prevent mention sale achiev full effect remov link kind sogerba accor date notif decis date sale take place transfer activ sogerba accor accor ensur motorwai cater activ depend sogerba oper commerci alter trade name restaur sale outlet chang accor inform commiss measur compli articl month date notif decis subsequ month oblig furnish inform end date transfer commiss inform delai accor mean compani accor compani control directli indirectli accor natur legal person control directli indirectli accor person act behalf compani refer indent sogerba mean compani sogerba compnai control directli indirectli sogerba natur legal person control directli indirectli sogerba person act behalf compani refer indent articl decis address accor sa rue de la mare neuv evri brussel april commiss leon brittanvic presid oj amend oj oj ecu ff convers rate ecu ff averag rate ecu bfr convers rate ecu bfr averag rate substanti publish version decis inform hereinaft omit pursuant provis articl regul eec includ proce sale car europcar volum discount grant europcar manufactur purchas commiss decis septemb case iv mannesmann boge sourc inform cater firm quot umsatzsteuerstatistik de statistischen bundesamt quot term number meal studi report nation group hotel chain le chaîn hôtelièr en franc possibl remain accor chang exist intern structur ciwlt oj