council decis decemb conclus behalf european commun matter compet agreement reach uruguai round multilater negoti ec council european union regard treati establish european commun articl conjunct subparagraph articl thereof regard propos commiss regard opinion econom social committe regard assent european parliament multilater trade negoti open gatt pursuant declar minist adopt punta del est septemb led final act embodi result uruguai round multilater trade negoti repres commun member state sign final act embodi result uruguai round multilater trade negoti subject conclus agreement establish world trade organ marrakesh april reciproc concess commit negoti commiss behalf european commun member state embodi multilater agreement final act repres satisfactori balanc outcom number reciproc concess commit negoti commiss behalf european commun member state countri parti negoti set special plurilater agreement annex agreement establish world trade organ concess commit negoti bilater uruguai bovin meat parallel uruguai round compet commun conclud intern agreement deriv explicit conferr treati deriv provis treati act adopt pursuant provis commun institut commun rule adopt order achiev aim treati member state framework common institut enter commit liabl affect rule alter scope portion commit contain agreement establish world trade organ includ annex thereto fall compet commun articl treati remaind commit affect commun rule adopt basi articl enter commun articl treati legal base decis justifi extent agreement establish world trade organ includ annex thereto affect council direct eec juli common system taxat applic merger divis transfer asset exchang share compani member state council direct eec juli common system taxat applic case parent compani subsidiari member state base articl treati council regul ec decemb commun trade mark base articl treati act commun law adopt basi articl treati natur agreement establish world trade organ includ annex thereto suscept directli invok commun member state court decid articl multilater agreement act approv behalf european commun regard portion fall compet european commun agreement establish world trade organ agreement annex agreement ministeri decis declar understand commit financi servic uruguai round final act text agreement act refer articl attach decis presid council author design person empow measur provid articl xiv agreement establish world trade organ order bind european commun regard portion agreement fall compet articl plurilater agreement annex agreement establish world trade organ approv behalf european commun regard portion fall compet european commun text agreement refer articl attach decis presid council author design person empow measur provid agreement refer articl order bind european commun regard portion agreement fall compet articl agreement bovin meat conclud uruguai approv behalf european commun text agreement attach decis presid council author design person empow sign agreement order bind european commun brussel decemb council presid seehof opinion deliv novemb publish offici journal assent deliv decemb publish offici journal oj oj oj annex multilater agreement trade good gener interpret note annex event conflict provis gener agreement tariff trade provis agreement annex agreement establish world trade organ refer agreement annex wto agreement provis agreement prevail extent conflict gener agreement tariff trade gener agreement tariff trade gatt consist provis gener agreement tariff trade date octob annex final act adopt conclus session preparatori committe unit nation confer trade employ exclud protocol provision applic rectifi amend modifi term legal instrument enter forc date entri forc wto agreement provis legal instrument set enter forc gatt date entri forc wto agreement protocol certif relat tariff concess ii protocol access exclud provis provision applic withdraw provision applic provid part ii gatt appli provision fullest extent inconsist legisl exist date protocol iii decis waiver grant articl xxv gatt forc date entri forc wto agreement iv decis contract parti gatt understand set understand interpret articl ii gener agreement tariff trade ii understand interpret articl xvii gener agreement tariff trade iii understand balanc payment provis gener agreement tariff trade iv understand interpret articl xxiv gener agreement tariff trade understand respect waiver oblig gener agreement tariff trade vi understand interpret articl xxviii gener agreement tariff trade marrakesh protocol gatt explanatori note refer contract parti provis gatt deem read member refer develop contract parti develop contract parti deem read develop countri member develop countri member refer execut secretari deem read director gener wto refer contract parti act jointli articl xv xv xv xxxviii note ad articl xii xviii provis special exchang agreement articl xv xv xv xv xv gatt deem refer wto function provis gatt assign contract parti act jointli alloc ministeri confer text gatt authent english french spanish ii text gatt french languag subject rectif term annex document mtn tnc iii authent text gatt spanish languag text volum iv basic instrument select document seri subject rectif term annex document mtn tnc provis part ii gatt appli measur member specif mandatori legisl enact member contract parti gatt prohibit sale leas foreign built foreign reconstruct vessel commerci applic point nation water water exclus econom zone exempt appli continu prompt renew conform provis legisl amend conform provis legisl extent amend decreas conform provis part ii gatt exempt limit measur legisl notifi prior date entri forc wto agreement legisl subsequ modifi decreas conform part ii gatt longer qualifi coverag paragraph ministeri confer review exempt year date entri forc wto agreement year long exempt forc purpos examin condit creat exempt prevail member measur cover exempt annual submit detail statist notif consist year move averag actual expect deliveri relev vessel addit inform sale leas repair relev vessel cover exempt member consid exempt oper manner justifi reciproc proportion limit sale leas repair vessel construct territori member invok exempt free introduc limit subject prior notif ministeri confer exempt prejudic solut specif aspect legisl cover exempt negoti sector agreement fora understand interpret articl ii gener agreement tariff trade member agree order ensur transpar legal right oblig deriv paragraph articl ii natur level duti charg levi bound tariff item refer provis record schedul concess annex gatt tariff item appli understood record chang legal charact duti charg date duti charg bound purpos articl ii april duti charg record schedul level appli date subsequ negoti concess negoti concess applic date tariff item question date incorpor concess schedul date instrument concess tariff item incorpor gatt gatt continu record column loos leaf schedul duti charg record respect tariff bind tariff item previous subject concess level duti charg record schedul higher level obtain time incorpor concess schedul open member challeng exist duti charg ground duti charg exist time origin bind item question consist record level duti charg previous bound level period year date entri forc wto agreement year date deposit director gener wto instrument incorpor schedul question gatt date record duti charg schedul prejudic consist right oblig gatt affect paragraph member retain challeng time consist duti charg oblig purpos understand provis articl xxii xxiii gatt elabor appli disput settlement understand appli duti charg omit schedul time deposit instrument incorpor schedul question gatt date entri forc wto agreement director gener contract parti gatt director gener wto subsequ ad duti charg record level lower prevail applic date restor level addit made month date deposit instrument decis paragraph date applic concess purpos paragraph articl ii gatt supersed decis applic date march bisd understand interpret articl xvii gener agreement tariff trade member note articl xvii oblig member respect activ state trade enterpris refer paragraph articl xvii requir consist gener principl discriminatori treatment prescrib gatt government measur affect import export privat trader note member subject gatt oblig respect government measur affect state trade enterpris recogn understand prejudic substant disciplin prescrib articl xvii agre order ensur transpar activ state trade enterpris member notifi enterpris council trade good review work parti set paragraph accord work definit government government enterpris includ market board grant exclus special right privileg includ statutori constitut power exercis influenc purchas sale level direct import export notif requir appli import product ultim consumpt government enterpris resal product good sale member conduct review polici regard submiss notif state trade enterpris council trade good take account provis understand carri review member regard ensur maximum transpar notif permit clear appreci manner oper enterpris notifi effect oper intern trade notif made accord questionnair state trade adopt bisd understood member notifi enterpris refer paragraph import export fact place member reason member adequ met notif oblig rais matter member concern matter satisfactorili resolv make counter notif council trade good consider work parti set paragraph simultan inform member concern work parti set behalf council trade good review notif counter notif light review prejudic paragraph articl xvii council trade good make recommend regard adequaci notif inform work parti review light notif receiv adequaci abovement questionnair state trade coverag state trade enterpris notifi paragraph develop illustr list show kind relationship govern enterpris kind activ engag enterpris relev purpos articl xvii understood secretariat provid gener background paper work parti oper state trade enterpris relat intern trade membership work parti open member indic serv meet year date entri forc wto agreement year report annual council trade good understand balanc payment provis gener agreement tariff trade member recogn provis articl xii xviii gatt declar trade measur balanc payment purpos adopt novemb bisd refer understand declar order clarifi provis agre applic measur member confirm commit announc publicli time schedul remov restrict import measur balanc payment purpos understood time schedul modifi account balanc payment situat time schedul publicli announc member member provid justif reason therefor member confirm commit give prefer measur disrupt effect trade measur refer understand price base measur understood includ import surcharg import deposit requir equival trade measur impact price import good understood notwithstand provis articl ii price base measur balanc payment purpos appli member excess duti inscrib schedul member member amount price base measur exce bound duti separ notif procedur understand member seek avoid imposit quantit restrict balanc payment purpos critic balanc payment situat price base measur arrest sharp deterior extern payment posit case member appli quantit restrict provid justif reason price base measur adequ instrument deal balanc payment situat member maintain quantit restrict success consult progress made significantli reduc incid restrict effect measur understood type restrict import measur balanc payment purpos appli product member confirm restrict import measur balanc payment purpos appli control gener level import exce address balanc payment situat order minim incident protect effect member administ restrict transpar manner author import member provid adequ justif criteria determin product subject restrict provid paragraph articl xii paragraph articl xviii member case essenti product exclud limit applic surcharg appli board measur appli balanc payment purpos term essenti product understood product meet basic consumpt contribut member effort improv balanc payment situat capit good input need product administr quantit restrict member discretionari licens unavoid phase progress justif provid criteria determin allow import quantiti valu procedur balanc payment consult committe balanc payment restrict refer understand committe carri consult order review restrict import measur balanc payment purpos membership committe open member indic serv committe follow procedur consult balanc payment restrict approv april bisd refer understand full consult procedur subject provis set member appli restrict rais gener level exist restrict substanti intensif measur enter consult committe month adopt measur member adopt measur request consult held paragraph articl xii paragraph articl xviii request made chairman committe invit member hold consult factor examin consult includ inter alia introduct type restrict measur balanc payment purpos increas level product coverag restrict restrict appli balanc payment purpos subject period review committe paragraph articl xii paragraph articl xviii subject possibl alter period consult agreement consult member pursuant specif review procedur recommend gener council consult held simplifi procedur approv decemb bisd refer understand simplifi consult procedur case develop countri member case develop countri member pursu liber effort conform schedul present committe previou consult simplifi consult procedur trade polici review develop countri member schedul calendar year date fix consult case decis full consult procedur made basi factor enumer paragraph declar case develop countri member success consult held simplifi consult procedur notif document member notifi gener council introduct applic restrict import measur balanc payment purpos modif time schedul remov measur announc paragraph signific notifi gener council prior dai announc yearli basi member make secretariat consolid notif includ law regul polici statement public notic examin member notif includ full inform tariff line level type measur appli criteria administr product coverag trade flow affect request member notif review committe review limit clarif specif issu rais notif examin consult paragraph articl xii paragraph articl xvvii requir member reason restrict import measur appli member balanc payment purpos bring matter attent committe chairman committe request inform measur make member prejudic member committe seek clarif consult question submit advanc consider consult member consult member prepar basic document consult addit inform consid relev includ overview balanc payment situat prospect includ consider intern extern factor bear balanc payment situat domest polici measur order restor equilibrium sound last basi full descript restrict appli balanc payment purpos legal basi step reduc incident protect effect measur consult liber import restrict light conclus committe plan elimin progress relax remain restrict refer made relev inform provid notif report made wto simplifi consult procedur consult member submit written statement essenti inform element cover basic document secretariat view facilit consult committe prepar factual background paper deal aspect plan consult case develop countri member secretariat document includ relev background analyt materi incid extern trade environ balanc payment situat prospect consult member technic assist servic secretariat request develop countri member assist prepar document consult conclus balanc payment consult committe report consult gener council full consult procedur report committe conclus element plan consult fact reason base committe endeavour includ conclus propos recommend aim promot implement articl xii xviii declar understand case time schedul present remov restrict measur balanc payment purpos gener council recommend adher time schedul member deem complianc gatt oblig gener council made specif recommend right oblig member assess light recommend absenc specif propos recommend gener council committe conclus record view express committe simplifi consult procedur report includ summari main element discuss committe decis full consult procedur requir understand interpret articl xxiv gener agreement tariff trade member regard provis articl xxiv gatt recogn custom union free trade area greatli increas number import establish gatt todai cover signific proport world trade recogn contribut expans world trade made closer integr economi parti agreement recogn contribut increas elimin constitu territori duti restrict regul commerc extend trade diminish major sector trade exclud reaffirm purpos agreement facilit trade constitu territori rais barrier trade member territori format enlarg parti greatest extent avoid creat advers effect trade member convinc reinforc effect role council trade good review agreement notifi articl xxiv clarifi criteria procedur assess enlarg agreement improv transpar articl xxiv agreement recogn common understand oblig member paragraph articl xxiv agre custom union free trade area interim agreement lead format custom union free trade area consist articl xxiv satisfi inter alia provis paragraph articl articl xxiv evalu paragraph articl xxiv gener incid duti regul commerc applic format custom union respect duti charg base assess weight averag tariff rate custom duti collect assess base import statist previou repres period suppli custom union tariff line basi valu quantiti broken wto countri origin secretariat comput weight averag tariff rate custom duti collect accord methodolog assess tariff offer uruguai round multilater trade negoti purpos duti charg consider appli rate duti recogn purpos assess incid regul commerc quantif aggreg difficult examin individu measur regul product cover trade flow affect requir reason length time refer paragraph articl xxiv exce year except case case member parti interim agreement year insuffici provid full explan council trade good longer period articl xxiv paragraph articl xxiv establish procedur member form custom union propos increas bound rate duti regard member reaffirm procedur set articl xxviii elabor guidelin adopt novemb bisd understand interpret articl xxviii gatt commenc tariff concess modifi withdrawn format custom union interim agreement lead format custom union negoti enter good faith view achiev mutual satisfactori compensatori adjust negoti requir paragraph articl xxiv due account reduct duti tariff line made constitu custom union format reduct suffici provid compensatori adjust custom union offer compens form reduct duti tariff line offer consider member negoti right bind modifi withdrawn compensatori adjust remain unaccept negoti continu effort agreement negoti compensatori adjust articl xxviii elabor understand interpret articl xxviii gatt reach reason period initi negoti custom union free modifi withdraw concess affect member free withdraw substanti equival concess accord articl xxviii gatt impos oblig member benefit reduct duti consequ format custom union interim agreement lead format custom union provid compensatori adjust constitu review custom union free trade area notif made paragraph articl xxiv examin work parti light relev provis gatt paragraph understand work parti submit report council trade good find regard council trade good make recommend member deem regard interim agreement work parti report make recommend propos time frame measur requir complet format custom union free trade area provid review agreement member parti interim agreement notifi substanti plan schedul includ agreement council trade good request council examin interim agreement notifi paragraph articl xxiv includ plan schedul contrari paragraph articl xxiv work parti report recommend plan schedul parti maintain put forc case agreement prepar modifi accord recommend provis made subsequ review implementaton recommend custom union constitu free trade area report period council trade good envisag contract parti gatt instruct gatt council report region agreement bisd oper relev agreement signific develop agreement report occur disput settlement provis articl xxii xxiii gatt elabor appli disput settlement understand invok respect matter aris applic provis articl xxiv relat custom union free trade area interim agreement lead format custom union free trade area articl xxiv member fulli respons gatt observ provis gatt reason measur ensur observ region local govern author territori provis articl xxii xxiii gatt elabor appli disput settlement understand invok respect measur affect observ region local govern author territori member disput settlement bodi rule provis gatt observ respons member reason measur ensur observ provis relat compens suspens concess oblig appli case secur oberv member undertak accord sympathet consider afford adequ opportun consult represent made member measur affect oper gatt territori understand respect waiver oblig gener agreement tariff trade member agre request waiver extens exist waiver describ measur member propos specif polici object member seek pursu reason prevent member achiev polici object measur consist oblig gatt waiver effect date entri forc wto agreement termin extend accord procedur articl ix wto agreement date expiri year date entri forc wto agreement whichev earlier member benefit accru gatt nullifi impair result failur member waiver grant observ term condit waiver applic measur consist term condit waiver invok provis articl xxiii gatt elabor appli disput settlement understand understand interpret articl xxviii gener agreement tariff trade member agre purpos modif withdraw concess member highest ratio export affect concess export product market member modifi withdraw concess total export deem princip suppli interest initi negoti princip suppli interest provid paragraph articl xxviii agre paragraph review council trade good year date entri forc wto agreement view decid criterion work satisfactorili secur redistribut negoti right favour small medium size export member case consider improv includ light avail adequ data adopt criterion base ratio export affect concess export market product question member consid princip suppli interest term paragraph commun claim write support evid member propos modifi withdraw concess time inform secretariat paragraph procedur negoti articl xxviii adopt novemb bisd appli case determin member princip suppli interest provid paragraph paragraph articl xxviii substanti interest trade affect product place mfn basi consider trade affect product place contractu prefer account trade question ceas benefit preferenti treatment mfn trade time negoti modif withdraw concess conclus negoti tariff concess modifi withdrawn product product year trade statist member possess initi negoti right tariff line product classifi deem initi negoti concess question determin princip suppli substanti interest calcul compens account inter alia product capac invest affect product export member estim export growth forecast demand product import member purpos paragraph product understood includ tariff item creat mean breakout exist tariff line member consid princip suppli substanti interest term paragraph commun claim write support evid member propos modifi withdraw concess time inform secretariat paragraph abovement procedur negoti articl xxviii appli case unlimit tariff concess replac tariff rate quota amount compens provid exce amount trade affect modif concess basi calcul compens amount futur trade prospect exce level quota understood calcul futur trade prospect base greater averag annual trade recent repres year period increas averag annual growth rate import period cent whichev greater trade recent year increas cent case member liabil compens exce entail complet withdraw concess member princip suppli interest provid paragraph paragraph articl xxviii concess modifi withdrawn accord initi negoti compensatori concess form compens agre member concern marrakesh protocol gener agreement tariff trade member carri negoti framework gatt pursuant ministeri declar uruguai round agre schedul annex protocol relat member schedul gatt relat member dai wto agreement enter forc member schedul submit accord ministeri decis measur favour develop countri deem annex protocol tariff reduct agre member implement equal rate reduct member schedul reduct made effect date entri forc wto agreement success reduct made effect januari year final rate effect date year date entri forc wto agreement member schedul schedul member accept wto agreement entri forc date agreement enter forc make effect rate reduct place reduct preced sentenc oblig make effect januari year make effect remain rate reduct schedul previou sentenc reduc rate stage round decim agricultur product defin articl agreement agricultur stage reduct implement relev part schedul implement concess commit contain schedul annex protocol request subject multilater examin member prejudic right oblig member agreement annex wto agreement schedul annex protocol relat member schedul gatt pursuant provis paragraph member free time withhold withdraw part concess schedul respect product princip supplier uruguai round particip schedul schedul gatt action written notic withhold withdraw concess council trade good consult held request member relev schedul relat schedul gatt substanti interest product involv concess withheld withdrawn appli dai schedul member princip suppli interest schedul gatt prejudic provis paragraph articl agreement agricultur purpos refer paragraph articl ii gatt date agreement applic date respect product subject concess provid schedul concess annex protocol date protocol purpos refer paragraph articl ii gatt date agreement applic date respect schedul concess annex protocol date protocol case modif withdraw concess relat tariff measur contain part iii schedul provis articl xxviii gatt procedur negoti articl xxviii adopt novemb bisd appli prejudic right oblig member gatt case schedul annex protocol result product treatment favour provid product schedul gatt prior entri forc wto agreement member schedul relat deem action relev provis articl xxviii gatt provis paragraph appli egypt peru south africa uruguai schedul annex hereto authent english french spanish languag schedul date protocol april agre schedul particip annex marrakesh protocol treati copi wto agreement agreement agricultur member decid establish basi initi process reform trade agricultur line object negoti set punta del est declar recal long term object agre mid term review uruguai round establish fair market orient agricultur trade system reform process initi negoti commit support protect establish strengthen operation effect gatt rule disciplin recal abovement long term object provid substanti progress reduct agricultur support protect sustain agre period time result correct prevent restrict distort world agricultur market commit achiev specif bind commit area market access domest support export competit reach agreement sanitari phytosanitari issu agre implement commit market access develop countri member fulli account condit develop countri member provid greater improv opportun term access agricultur product interest member includ fullest liber trade tropic agricultur product agre mid term review product import diversif product grow illicit narcot crop note commit reform programm made equit member regard trade concern includ food secur protect environ regard agreement special differenti treatment develop countri integr element negoti take account neg effect implement reform programm develop net food import develop countri agre part articl definit term agreement context requir aggreg measur support am annual level support express monetari term provid agricultur product favour produc basic agricultur product product specif support provid favour agricultur produc gener support provid programm qualifi exempt reduct annex agreement respect support provid base period relev tabl support materi incorpor refer part iv member schedul ii respect support provid year implement period calcul accord provis annex agreement take account constitu data methodolog tabl support materi incorpor refer part iv member schedul basic agricultur product relat domest support commit defin product close practic point sale member schedul relat support materi budgetari outlai outlai includ revenu foregon equival measur support mean annual level support express monetari term provid produc basic agricultur product applic measur calcul accord am methodolog impractic support provid programm qualifi exempt reduct annex agreement respect support provid base period relev tabl support materi incorpor refer part iv member schedul ii respect support provid year implement period calcul accord provis annex agreement take account constitu data methodolog tabl support materi incorpor refer part iv member schedul export subsidi refer subsidi conting export perform includ export subsidi list articl agreement implement period mean year period commenc year purpos articl mean year period commenc market access concess includ market access commit undertaken pursuant agreement total aggreg measur support total am sum domest support provid favour agricultur produc calcul sum aggreg measur support basic agricultur product product specif aggreg measur support equival measur support agricultur product respect support provid base period base total am maximum support permit provid year implement period annual final bound commit level part iv member schedul ii respect level support provid year implement period current total am calcul accord provis agreement includ articl constitu data methodolog tabl support materi incorpor refer part iv member schedul year paragraph relat specif commit member refer calendar financi market year schedul relat member articl product coverag agreement appli product list annex agreement hereinaft refer agricultur product part ii articl incorpor concess commit domest support export subsidi commit part iv member schedul constitut commit limit subsid made integr part gatt subject provis articl member provid support favour domest produc excess commit level section part iv schedul subject provis paragraph articl member provid export subsidi list paragraph articl respect agricultur product group product section ii part iv schedul excess budgetari outlai quantiti commit level provid subsidi respect agricultur product section schedul part iii articl market access market access concess contain schedul relat bind reduct tariff market access commit member maintain resort revert measur kind requir convert ordinari custom duti provid articl annex articl special safeguard provis notwithstand provis paragraph articl ii gatt member recours provis paragraph connect import agricultur product respect measur refer paragraph articl agreement convert ordinari custom duti design schedul symbol ssg subject concess respect provis articl invok volum import product enter custom territori member grant concess year exce trigger level relat exist market access opportun set paragraph concurr prize import product enter custom territori member grant concess determin basi import price shipment concern express term domest currenc fall trigger price equal averag refer price product concern import current minimum access commit establish part concess refer paragraph count purpos determin volum import requir invok provis subparagraph paragraph import commit affect addit duti impos subparagraph paragraph subparagraph paragraph suppli product question en rout basi contract settl addit duti impos subparagraph paragraph exempt addit duti provid count volum import product question year purpos trigger provis subparagraph year addit duti impos subparagraph maintain end year impos levi level exce level ordinari custom duti effect year action trigger level set schedul base market access opportun defin import percentag domest consumpt preced year data market access opportun product equal cent base trigger level equal cent market access opportun product greater cent equal cent base trigger level equal cent market access opportun product greater cent base trigger level equal cent case addit duti impos year absolut volum import product concern enter custom territori member grant concess exce sum base trigger level set multipli averag quantiti import preced year data absolut volum chang domest consumpt product concern recent year data compar preced year provid trigger level cent averag quantiti import addit duti impos subparagraph set schedul differ import price shipment express term domest currenc hereinaft refer import price trigger price defin subparagraph equal cent trigger price addit duti impos differ import price trigger price hereinaft refer differ greater cent equal cent trigger price addit duti equal cent amount differ exce cent differ greater cent equal cent trigger price addit duti equal cent amount differ exce cent addit duti allow differ greater cent equal cent addit duti equal cent amount differ exce cent trigger price addit duti allow differ greater cent trigger price addit duti equal cent amount differ exce cent addit duti allow perish season product condit set appli manner account specif characterist product shorter time period subparagraph paragraph refer period base period refer price period subparagraph oper special safeguard carri transpar manner member take action subparagraph give notic write includ relev data committe agricultur advanc practic event dai implement action case consumpt volum alloc individu tariff line subject action paragraph relev data includ inform method alloc member take action paragraph afford interest member opportun consult respect condit applic action member take action subparagraph give notic write includ relev data committe agricultur dai implement action perish season product action period member undertak practic recours provis subparagraph volum import product concern declin case member take action afford interest member opportun consult respect condit applic action measur conform paragraph member undertak recours respect measur provis paragraph articl xix gatt paragraph articl agreement safeguard provis articl remain forc durat reform process determin articl part iv articl domest support commit domest support reduct commit member contain part iv schedul appli domest support measur favour agricultur produc except domest measur subject reduct term criteria set articl annex agreement commit express term total aggreg measur support annual final bound commit level accord mid term review agreement govern measur assist direct indirect encourag agricultur rural develop integr part develop programm develop countri invest subsidi gener agricultur develop countri member agricultur input subsidi gener low incom resourc poor produc develop countri member exempt domest support reduct commit applic measur domest support produc develop countri member encourag diversif grow illicit narcot crop domest support meet criteria paragraph requir includ member calcul current total am member consid complianc domest support reduct commit year domest support favour agricultur produc express term current total am exce annual final bound commit level part iv member schedul member requir includ calcul current total am requir reduc product specif domest support requir includ member calcul current am support exce cent member total product basic agricultur product relev year ii product specif domest support requir includ member calcul current am support exce cent member total agricultur product develop countri member de minimi percentag paragraph cent direct payment product limit programm subject commit reduc domest support payment base fix area yield ii payment made cent base level product iii livestock payment made fix number head exempt reduct commit direct payment meet criteria reflect exclus direct payment member calcul current total am articl gener disciplin domest support member ensur domest support measur favour agricultur produc subject reduct commit qualifi criteria set annex agreement maintain conform therewith domest support measur favour agricultur produc includ modif measur measur subsequ introduc shown satisfi criteria annex agreement exempt reduct reason provis agreement includ member calcul current total am total am commit exist part iv member schedul member provid support agricultur produc excess relev de minimi level set paragraph articl part articl export competit commit member undertak provid export subsidi conform agreement commit member schedul articl export subsidi commit export subsidi subject reduct commit agreement provis govern agenc direct subsidi includ payment kind firm industri produc agricultur product cooper associ produc market board conting export perform sale dispos export govern agenc commerci stock agricultur product price lower compar price charg product buyer domest market payment export agricultur product financ virtu government action charg public account involv includ payment financ proce levi impos agricultur product concern agricultur product export product deriv provis subsidi reduc cost market export agricultur product wide export promot advisori servic includ handl grade process cost cost intern transport freight intern transport freight charg export shipment provid mandat govern term favour domest shipment subsidi agricultur product conting incorpor export product provid subparagraph export subsidi commit level year implement period member schedul repres respect export subsidi list paragraph articl case budgetari outlai reduct commit maximum level expenditur subsidi alloc incur year respect agricultur product group product concern ii case export quantiti reduct commit maximum quantiti agricultur product group product respect export subsidi grant year year implement period member provid export subsidi list paragraph year excess annual commit level respect product group product part iv member schedul provid cumul amount budgetari outlai subsidi begin implement period year question exce cumul amount result full complianc relev annual outlai commit level member schedul cent base period level budgetari outlai ii cumul quantiti export benefit export subsidi begin implement period year question exce cumul quantiti result full complianc relev annual quantiti commit level member schedul cent base period quantiti iii total cumul amount budgetari outlai export subsidi quantiti benefit export subsidi entir implement period greater total result full complianc relev annual commit level member schedul iv member budgetari outlai export subsidi quantiti benefit subsidi conclus implement period greater cent cent base period level develop countri member percentag cent commit relat limit extens scope export subsid schedul implement period develop countri member requir undertak commit respect export subsidi list subparagraph paragraph provid appli manner circumv reduct commit articl prevent circumvent export subsidi commit export subsidi list paragraph articl appli manner result threaten lead circumvent export subsidi commit commerci transact circumv commit member undertak work develop internation agre disciplin govern provis export credit export credit guarante insur programm agreement disciplin provid export credit export credit guarante insur programm conform therewith member claim quantiti export excess reduct commit level subsid establish export subsidi list articl grant respect quantiti export question member donor intern food aid ensur provis intern food aid ti directli indirectli commerci export agricultur product recipi countri intern food aid transact includ bilater food aid monet carri accord fao principl surplu dispos consult oblig includ system usual market requir umr aid provid extent fulli grant form term concession provid articl iv food aid convent articl incorpor product case unit subsidi paid incorpor agricultur primari product exce unit export subsidi payabl export primari product part vi articl disciplin export prohibit restrict member institut export prohibit restrict foodstuff accord paragraph articl xi gatt member observ provis member institut export prohibit restrict give due consider effect prohibit restrict import member food secur member institut export prohibit restrict give notic write advanc practic committe agricultur compris inform natur durat measur consult request member substanti interest import respect matter relat measur question member institut export prohibit restrict provid request member inform provis articl appli develop countri member measur develop countri member net food export specif foodstuff concern part vii articl due restraint implement period notwithstand provis gatt agreement subsidi countervail measur refer articl subsidi agreement domest support measur conform fulli provis annex agreement action subsidi purpos countervail duti ii exempt action base articl xvi gatt part iii subsidi agreement iii exempt action base violat nullif impair benefit tariff concess accru member articl ii gatt sens paragraph articl xxiii gatt domest support measur conform fulli provis articl agreement includ direct payment conform requir paragraph thereof reflect member schedul domest support de minimi level conform paragraph articl exempt imposit countervail duti determin injuri threat thereof made accord articl vi gatt part subsidi agreement due restraint shown initi countervail duti investig ii exempt action base paragraph articl xvi gatt articl subsidi agreement provid measur grant support specif commod excess decid market year iii exempt action base violat nullif impair benefit tariff concess accru member articl ii gatt sens paragraph articl xxiii gatt provid measur grant support specif commod excess decid market year export subsidi conform fulli provis part agreement reflect member schedul subject countervail duti determin injuri threat thereof base volum effect price consequ impact accord articl vi gatt part subsidi agreement due restraint shown initi countervail duti investig ii exempt action base articl xvi gatt articl subsidi agreement part viii articl sanitari phytosanitari measur member agre give effect agreement applic sanitari phytosanitari measur part ix articl special differenti treatment keep recognit differenti favour treatment develop countri member integr part negoti special differenti treatment respect commit provid set relev provis agreement embodi schedul concess commit develop countri member flexibl implement reduct commit period year develop countri member requir undertak reduct commit part articl develop net food import develop countri develop countri member action provid framework decis measur neg effect reform programm develop net food import develop countri committe agricultur monitor follow decis part xi articl committe agricultur committe agricultur establish articl review implement commit progress implement commit negoti uruguai round reform programm review committe agricultur review process undertaken basi notif submit member relat matter interv determin basi document secretariat request prepar order facilit review process addit notif submit paragraph domest support measur modif exist measur exempt reduct claim notifi promptli notif detail modifi measur conform agre criteria set articl annex review process member give due consider influenc excess rate inflat abil member abid domest support commit member agre consult annual committe agricultur respect particip normal growth world trade agricultur product framework commit export subsidi agreement review process provid opportun member rais matter relev implement commit reform programm set agreement member bring attent committe agricultur measur consid notifi member articl consult disput settlement provis articl xxii xxiii gatt elabor appli disput settlement understand appli consult settlement disput agreement part xii articl continu reform process recogn long term object substanti progress reduct support protect result fundament reform process member agre negoti continu process initi year end implement period take account experi date implement reduct commit effect reduct commit world trade agricultur trade concern special differenti treatment develop countri member object establish fair market orient agricultur trade system object concern mention preambl agreement commit achiev abovement long term object part xiii articl final provis provis gatt multilater trade agreement annex wto agreement appli subject provis agreement annex agreement made integr part agreement annex product coverag agreement cover product hs chapter fish fish product ii hs code mannitol hs code sorbitol hs head essenti oil hs head albuminoid substanc modifi starch glue hs code finish agent hs code sorbitol hs head hide skin hs head raw furskin hs head raw silk silk wast hs head wool anim hair hs head raw cotton wast cotton card comb hs head raw flax hs head raw hemp product descript round bracket necessarili exhaust forego limit product coverag agreement applic sanitari phytosanitari measur annex domest support basi exempt reduct commit domest support measur exempt reduct commit claim meet fundament requir minim trade distort effect effect product measur exempt claim conform basic criteria support question provid publicli fund govern programm includ govern revenu foregon involv transfer consum support question effect provid price support produc polici specif criteria condit set govern servic programm gener servic polici categori involv expenditur revenu foregon relat programm provid servic benefit agricultur rural commun involv direct payment produc processor programm includ restrict list meet gener criteria paragraph polici specif condit set research includ gener research research connect environment programm research programm relat product pest diseas control includ gener product specif pest diseas control measur earli warn system quarantin erad train servic includ gener specialist train facil extens advisori servic includ provis mean facilit transfer inform result research produc consum inspect servic includ gener inspect servic inspect product health safeti grade standard purpos market promot servic includ market inform advic promot relat product exclud expenditur unspecifi purpos seller reduc sell price confer direct econom benefit purchas infrastructur servic includ electr reticul road mean transport market port facil water suppli facil dam drainag scheme infrastructur work environment programm case expenditur direct provis construct capit work exclud subsid provis farm facil reticul gener public util includ subsidi input oper cost preferenti user charg public stock hold food secur purpos expenditur revenu foregon relat accumul hold stock product form integr part food secur programm identifi nation legisl includ govern aid privat storag product part programm volum accumul stock correspond pre determin target relat sole food secur process stock accumul dispos financi transpar food purchas govern made current market price sale food secur stock made current domest market price product qualiti question domest food aid expenditur revenu foregon relat provis domest food aid section popul elig receiv food aid subject defin criteria relat nutrit object aid form direct provis food concern provis mean elig recipi bui food market subsid price food purchas govern made current market price financ administr aid transpar direct payment produc support provid direct payment revenu foregon includ payment kind produc exempt reduct commit claim meet basic criteria set paragraph specif criteria appli individu type direct payment set paragraph exempt reduct claim exist type direct payment paragraph conform criteria paragraph addit gener criteria set paragraph de coupl incom support elig payment determin defin criteria incom statu produc landown factor product level defin fix base period amount payment year relat base type volum product includ livestock unit undertaken produc year base period amount payment year relat base price domest intern appli product undertaken year base period amount payment year relat base factor product emploi year base period produt requir order receiv payment govern financi particip incom insur incom safeti net programm elig payment determin incom loss take account incom deriv agricultur exce cent averag gross incom equival net incom term exclud payment similar scheme preced year period year averag base preced year period exclud highest lowest entri produc meet condit elig receiv payment amount payment compens cent produc incom loss year produc elig receiv assist amount payment relat sole incom relat type volum product includ livestock unit undertaken produc price domest intern appli product factor product emploi produc receiv year payment paragraph paragraph relief natur disast total payment cent produc total loss payment made directli govern financi particip crop insur scheme relief natur disast elig payment aris formal recognit govern author natur disast includ diseas outbreak pest infest nuclear accid war territori member concern occur occur determin product loss exce cent averag product preced year period year averag base preced year period exclud highest lowest entri payment made disast appli respect loss incom livestock includ payment connect veterinari treatment anim land product factor due natur disast question payment compens total cost replac loss requir type quantiti futur product payment made disast exce level requir prevent allevi loss defin criterion produc receiv year payment paragraph paragraph incom insur incom safeti net programm total payment cent produc total loss structur adjust assist provid produc retir programm elig payment determin refer defin criteria programm design facilit retir person engag market agricultur product movement agricultur activ payment condit total perman retir recipi market agricultur product structur adjust assist provid resourc retir programm elig payment determin refer defin criteria programm design remov land resourc includ livestock market agricultur product payment condit retir land market agricultur product minimum year case livestock slaughter definit perman dispos payment requir altern land resourc involv product market agricultur product payment relat type quantiti product price domest intern appli product undertaken land resourc remain product structur adjust assist provid invest aid elig payment determin refer defin criteria govern programm design assist financi physic restructur produc oper respons object demonstr structur disadvantag elig programm base defin govern programm privat agricultur land amount payment year relat base type volum product includ livestock unit undertaken produc year base period provid criterion amount payment year relat base price domest intern appli product undertaken year base period payment period time realiz invest respect provid payment mandat design agricultur product produc recipi requir produc product payment limit amount requir compens structur disadvantag payment environment programm elig payment determin part defin govern environment conserv programm depend fulfil specif condit govern programm includ condit relat product method input amount payment limit extra cost loss incom involv compli govern programm payment region assist programm elig payment limit produc disadvantag region region design contigu geograph area defin econom administr ident consid disadvantag basi neutral object criteria spelt law regul indic region difficulti aris temporari circumst amount payment year relat base type volum product includ livestock unit undertaken produc year base period reduc product amount payment year relat base price domest intern appli product undertaken year base period payment produc elig region gener produc region relat product factor payment made degress rate threshold level factor concern payment limit extra cost loss incom involv undertak agricultur product prescrib area annex domest support calcul aggreg measur support subject provis articl aggreg measur support am calcul product specif basi basic agricultur product receiv market price support exempt direct payment subsidi exempt reduct commit exempt polici support product specif total product specif am total monetari term subsidi paragraph includ budgetari outlai revenu foregon govern agent support nation nation level includ specif agricultur levi fee paid produc deduct am am calcul outlin base period constitut base level implement reduct commit domest support basic agricultur product specif am establish express total monetari term am calcul close practic point sale basic agricultur product concern measur direct agricultur processor includ extent measur benefit produc basic agricultur product market price support market price support calcul gap fix extern refer price appli administ price multipli quantiti product elig receiv appli administ price budgetari payment made maintain gap bui storag cost includ am fix extern refer price base year gener averag unit basic agricultur product concern net export countri averag unit basic agricultur product concern net import countri base period fix refer price adjust qualiti differ exempt direct payment exempt direct payment depend price gap calcul gap fix refer price appli administ price multipli quantiti product elig receiv administ price budgetari outlai fix refer price base year gener actual price determin payment rate exempt direct payment base factor price measur budgetari outlai exempt measur includ input subsidi measur market cost reduct measur measur measur govern budgetari outlai budgetari outlai reflect full extent subsidi concern basi calcul subsidi gap price subsid good servic repres market price similar good servic multipli quantiti good servic annex domest support calcul equival measur support subject provis articl equival measur support calcul respect basic agricultur product market price support defin annex exist calcul compon am practic product base level implement domest support reduct commit consist market price support compon express term equival measur support paragraph exempt direct payment exempt support evalu provid paragraph support nation nation level includ equival measur support provid paragraph calcul product specif subsidi basi basic agricultur product close practic point sale receiv market price support calcul market price support compon am practic basic agricultur product equival measur market price support made appli administ price quantiti product elig receiv price practic budgetari outlai maintain produc price basic agricultur product fall paragraph subject exempt direct payment product specif exempt reduct commit basi equival measur support measur calcul am compon paragraph annex equival measur support calcul amount subsidi close practic point sale basic agricultur product concern measur direct agricultur processor includ extent measur benefit produc basic agricultur product specif agricultur levi fee paid produc reduc equival measur support amount annex special treatment respect paragraph articl section provis paragraph articl appli effect entri forc wto agreement primari agricultur product work prepar product design product respect condit compli hereinaft refer special treatment import design product compris cent domest consumpt base period base period export subsidi provid begin base period design product effect product restrict measur appli primari agricultur product product design symbol st annex section part member schedul annex marrakesh protocol subject special treatment reflect factor trade concern food secur environment protect minimum access opportun respect design product correspond section part schedul member concern cent base period domest consumpt design product begin year implement period increas cent domest consumpt base period year remaind implement period begin year implement period member ceas appli special treatment respect design product compli provis paragraph case member concern maintain minimum access opportun effect time increas minimum access opportun cent domest consumpt base period year remaind implement period level minimum access opportun result formula final year implement period maintain schedul member concern negoti question continu special treatment set paragraph end implement period complet time frame implement period part negoti set articl agreement take account factor trade concern agre result negoti refer paragraph member continu appli special treatment member confer addit accept concess determin negoti special treatment continu end implement period member concern implement provis paragraph case end implement period minimum access opportun design product maintain level cent domest consumpt base period schedul member concern border measur ordinari custom duti maintain respect design product subject provis paragraph articl effect begin year special treatment ceas appli product subject ordinari custom duti bound schedul member concern appli begin year special treatment ceas rate applic reduct cent implement implement period equal annual instal duti establish basi tariff equival calcul accord guidelin prescrib attach hereto section provis paragraph articl appli effect entri forc wto agreement primari agricultur product predomin stapl tradit diet develop countri member respect condit addit paragraph appli product concern compli minimum access opportun respect product concern section part schedul develop countri member concern correspond cent base period domest consumpt product concern begin year implement period increas equal annual instal cent domest consumpt base period begin year implement period begin sixth year implement period minimum access opportun respect product concern correspond cent domest consumpt base period increas equal annual instal cent domest consumpt base period begin year level minimum access opportun result formula year maintain schedul develop countri member concern market access opportun provid product agreement negoti question continu special treatment set paragraph end tenth year begin implement period initi complet time frame tenth year begin implement period agre result negoti refer paragraph member continu appli special treatment member confer addit accept concess determin negoti event special treatment paragraph continu tenth year begin implement period product concern subject ordinari custom duti establish basi tariff equival calcul accord guidelin prescrib attach hereto bound schedul member concern respect provis paragraph appli modifi relev special differenti treatment accord develop countri member agreement attach annex guidelin calcul tariff equival specif purpos paragraph annex calcul tariff equival express ad valorem specif rate made actual differ intern extern price transpar manner data year tariff equival primarili establish digit level hs establish digit detail level hs gener establish work prepar product multipli specif tariff equival primari agricultur product proport term physic term primari agricultur product work prepar product account addit element provid protect industri extern price gener actual averag unit valu import countri averag unit valu extern price averag unit valu countri estim averag unit valu major export adjust ad estim insur freight relev cost import countri extern price gener convert domest currenc annual averag market exchang rate period price data intern price gener repres wholesal price rule domest market estim price adequ data initi tariff equival adjust account differ qualiti varieti coeffici tariff equival result guidelin neg lower current bound rate initi tariff equival establish current bound rate basi nation offer product adjust made level tariff equival result guidelin member concern afford request full opportun consult view negoti solut agreement applic sanitari phytosanitari measur member reaffirm member prevent adopt enforc measur protect human anim plant life health subject requir measur appli manner constitut mean arbitrari unjustifi discrimin member condit prevail disguis restrict intern trade desir improv human health anim health phytosanitari situat member note sanitari phytosanitari measur appli basi bilater agreement protocol desir establish multilater framework rule disciplin guid develop adopt enforc sanitari phytosanitari measur order minim neg effect trade recogn import contribut intern standard guidelin recommend make regard desir harmon sanitari phytosanitari measur member basi intern standard guidelin recommend develop relev intern organ includ codex alimentariu commiss intern offic epizoot relev intern region organ oper framework intern plant protect convent requir member chang level protect human anim plant life health recogn develop countri member encount special difficulti compli sanitari phytosanitari measur import member consequ access market formul applic sanitari phytosanitari measur territori desir assist endeavour regard desir elabor rule applic provis gatt relat sanitari phytosanitari measur provis articl xx agre articl gener provis agreement appli sanitari phytosanitari measur directli indirectli affect intern trade measur develop appli accord provis agreement purpos agreement definit provid annex appli annex integr part agreement agreement affect right member agreement technic barrier trade respect measur scope agreement articl basic right oblig member sanitari phytosanitari measur protect human anim plant life health provid measur inconsist provis agreement member ensur sanitari phytosanitari measur appli extent protect human anim plant life health base scientif principl maintain suffici scientif evid provid paragraph articl member ensur sanitari phytosanitari measur arbitrarili unjustifi discrimin member ident similar condit prevail includ territori member sanitari phytosanitari measur appli manner constitut disguis restrict intern trade sanitari phytosanitari measur conform relev provis agreement presum accord oblig member provis gatt relat sanitari phytosanitari measur provis articl xx articl harmon harmon sanitari phytosanitari measur wide basi member base sanitari phytosanitari measur intern standard guidelin recommend exist provid agreement paragraph sanitari phytosanitari measur conform intern standard guidelin recommend deem protect human anim plant life health presum consist relev provis agreement gatt member introduc maintain sanitari phytosanitari measur result higher level sanitari phytosanitari protect achiev measur base relev intern standard guidelin recommend scientif justif consequ level sanitari phytosanitari protect member determin accord relev provis paragraph articl notwithstand measur result level sanitari phytosanitari protect achiev measur base intern standard guidelin recommend inconsist provis agreement member plai full part limit resourc relev intern organ subsidiari bodi codex alimentariu commiss intern offic epizoot intern region organ oper framework intern plant protect convent promot organ develop period review standard guidelin recommend respect aspect sanitari phytosanitari measur committe sanitari phytosanitari measur provid paragraph articl refer agreement committe develop procedur monitor process intern harmon coordin effort regard relev intern organ articl equival member accept sanitari phytosanitari measur member equival measur differ member trade product export member object demonstr import member measur achiev import member level sanitari phytosanitari protect purpos reason access request import member inspect test relev procedur member request enter consult aim achiev bilater multilater agreement recognit equival sanitari phytosanitari measur articl assess risk determin level sanitari phytosanitari protect member ensur sanitari phytosanitari measur base assess circumst risk human anim plant life health take account risk assess techniqu develop relev intern organ assess risk member account scientif evid relev process product method relev inspect sampl test method preval specif diseas pest exist pest diseas free area relev ecolog environment condit quarantin treatment assess risk anim plant life health determin measur appli achiev level sanitari phytosanitari protect risk member account relev econom factor potenti damag term loss product sale event entri establish spread pest diseas cost control erad territori import member rel cost effect altern approach limit risk member determin level sanitari phytosanitari protect account object minim neg trade effect object achiev consist applic concept level sanitari phytosanitari protect risk human life health anim plant life health member avoid arbitrari unjustifi distinct level consid situat distinct result discrimin disguis restrict intern trade member cooper committe accord paragraph articl develop guidelin practic implement provis develop guidelin committe account relev factor includ except charact human health risk peopl voluntarili expos prejudic paragraph articl establish maintain sanitari phytosanitari measur achiev level sanitari phytosanitari protect member ensur measur trade restrict requir achiev level sanitari phytosanitari protect take account technic econom feasibl case relev scientif evid insuffici member provision adopt sanitari phytosanitari measur basi pertin inform includ relev intern organ sanitari phytosanitari measur appli member circumst member seek obtain addit inform object assess risk review sanitari phytosanitari measur reason period time member reason specif sanitari phytosanitari measur introduc maintain member constrain potenti constrain export measur base relev intern standard guidelin recommend standard guidelin recommend exist explan reason sanitari phytosanitari measur request provid member maintain measur articl adapt region condit includ pest diseas free area area low pest diseas preval member ensur sanitari phytosanitari measur adapt sanitari phytosanitari characterist area countri part countri part countri product orgin product destin assess sanitari phytosanitari characterist region member account inter alia level preval specif diseas pest exist erad control programm criteria guidelin develop relev intern organ member recogn concept pest diseas free area area low pest diseas preval determin area base factor geographi ecosystem epidemiolog surveil effect sanitari phytosanitari control export member claim area territori pest diseas free area area low pest diseas preval provid evid thereof order object demonstr import member area remain pest diseas free area area low pest diseas preval purpos reason access request import member inspect test relev procedur articl transpar member notifi sanitari phytosanitari measur provid inform sanitari phytosanitari measur accord provis annex articl control inspect approv procedur member observ provis annex oper control inspect approv procedur includ nation system approv addit establish toler contamin food beverag feedstuff ensur procedur inconsist provis agreement articl technic assist member agre facilit provis technic assist member develop countri member bilater intern organ assist inter alia area process technolog research infrastructur includ establish nation regulatori bodi form advic credit donat grant includ purpos seek technic expertis train equip countri adjust compli sanitari phytosanitari measur achiev level sanitari phytosanitari protect export market substanti invest requir order export develop countri member fulfil sanitari phytosanitari requir import member provid technic assist permit develop countri member maintain expand market access opportun product involv articl special differenti treatment prepar applic sanitari phytosanitari measur member account special develop countri member develop countri member level sanitari phytosanitari protect scope phase introduct sanitari phytosanitari measur longer time frame complianc accord product interest develop countri member maintain opportun export view ensur develop countri member compli provis agreement committe enabl grant countri request time limit except part oblig agreement take account financi trade develop member encourag facilit activ particip develop countri member relev intern organ articl consult disput settlement provis articl xxii xxiii gatt elabor appli disput settlement understand appli consult settlement disput agreement specif provid disput agreement involv scientif technic issu panel seek advic expert chosen panel consult parti disput end panel deem establish advisori technic expert group consult relev intern organ request parti disput initi agreement impair right member intern agreement includ resort good offic disput settlement mechan intern organ establish intern agreement articl administr committe sanitari phytosanitari measur establish provid regular forum consult carri function implement provis agreement further object respect harmon committe reach decis consensu committe encourag facilit ad hoc consult negoti member specif sanitari phytosanitari issu committe encourag intern standard guidelin recommend member regard sponsor technic consult studi object increas coordin integr intern nation system approach approv food addit establish toler contamin food beverag feedstuff committe maintain close contact relev intern organ field sanitari phytosanitari protect codex alimentariu commiss intern offic epizoot secretariat intern plant protect convent object secur scientif technic advic administr agreement order ensur unnecessari duplic effort avoid committe develop procedur monitor process intern harmon intern standard guidelin recommend purpos committe conjunct relev intern organ establish list intern standard guidelin recommend relat sanitari phytosanitari measur committe determin major trade impact list includ indic member intern standard guidelin recommend appli condit import basi import product conform standard enjoi access market case member appli intern standard guidelin recommend condit import member provid indic reason therefor consid standard stringent provid level sanitari phytosanitari protect member revis posit indic standard guidelin recommend condit import provid explan chang inform secretariat relev intern organ notif explan procedur annex order avoid unnecessari duplic committe decid inform gener procedur notif oper relev intern organ committe basi initi member channel invit relev intern organ subsidiari bodi examin specif matter respect standard guidelin recommend includ basi explan paragraph committe review oper implement agreement year date entri forc wto agreement aris committe submit council trade good propos amend text agreement regard inter alia experi gain implement articl implement member fulli respons agreement observ oblig set member formul implement posit measur mechan support observ provis agreement central govern bodi member reason measur ensur government entiti territori region bodi relev entiti territori member compli relev provis agreement addit member measur effect directli indirectli requir encourag region government entiti local government bodi act manner inconsist provis agreement member ensur reli servic government entiti implement sanitari phytosanitari measur entiti compli provis agreement articl final provis develop countri member delai applic provis agreement period year date entri forc wto agreement respect sanitari phytosanitari measur affect import import product develop countri member delai applic provis agreement paragraph articl articl year date entri forc wto agreement respect exist sanitari phytosanitari measur affect import import product applic prevent lack technic expertis technic infrastructur resourc annex definit sanitari phytosanitari measur measur appli protect anim plant life health territori member risk aris entri establish spread pest diseas diseas carri organ diseas caus organ protect human anim life health territori member risk aris addit contamin toxin diseas caus organ food beverag feedstuff protect human life health territori member risk aris diseas carri anim plant product thereof entri establish spread pest prevent limit damag territori member entri establish spread pest sanitari phytosanitari measur includ relev law decre regul requir procedur includ inter alia end product criteria process product method test inspect certif approv procedur quarantin treatment includ relev requir transport anim plant materi surviv transport provis relev statist method sampl procedur method risk assess packag label requir directli relat food safeti harmon establish recognit applic common sanitari phytosanitari measur member intern standard guidelin recommend food safeti standard guidelin recommend establish codex alimentariu commiss relat food addit veterinari drug pesticid residu contamin method analysi sampl code guidelin hygien practic anim health zoonos standard guidelin recommend develop auspic intern offic epizoot plant health intern standard guidelin recommend develop auspic secretariat intern plant protect convent cooper region organ oper framework intern plant protect convent matter cover organ standard guidelin recommend promulg relev intern organ open membership member identifi committe risk assess evalu likelihood entri establish spread pest diseas territori import member sanitari phytosanitari measur appli potenti biolog econom consequ evalu potenti advers effect human anim health aris presenc addit contamin toxin diseas caus organ food beverag feedstuff level sanitari phytosanitari protect level protect deem member establish sanitari phytosanitari measur protect human anim plant life health territori note member refer concept accept level risk pest diseas free area area countri part countri part countri identifi compet author specif pest diseas occur note pest diseas free area surround surround adjac area part countri geograph region includ part countri specif pest diseas occur subject region control measur establish protect surveil buffer zone confin erad pest diseas question area low pest diseas preval area countri part countri part countri identifi compet author specif pest diseas occur low level subject effect surveil control erad measur annex transpar sanitari phytosanitari regul public regul member ensur sanitari phytosanitari regul adopt publish promptli manner enabl interest member acquaint urgent circumst member reason interv public sanitari phytosanitari regul entri forc order time produc export member develop countri member adapt product method product requir import member enquiri point member ensur enquiri point exist respons provis answer reason question interest member provis relev document sanitari phytosanitari regul adopt propos territori control inspect procedur product quarantin treatment pesticid toler food addit approv procedur oper territori risk assess procedur factor consider determin level sanitari phytosanitari protect membership particip member relev bodi territori intern region sanitari phytosanitari organ system bilater multilater agreement arrang scope agreement text agreement arrang member ensur copi document request interest member suppli price cost deliveri nation member concern notif procedur intern standard guidelin recommend exist content propos sanitari phytosanitari regul substanti content intern standard guidelin recommend regul signific effect trade member member publish notic earli stage manner enabl interest member acquaint propos introduc regul notifi member secretariat product cover regul indic object rational propos regul notif place earli stage amend introduc comment account provid request member copi propos regul identifi part substanc deviat intern standard guidelin recommend discrimin reason time member make comment write discuss comment request comment result discuss account urgent problem health protect aris threaten aris member member omit step enumer paragraph annex find provid member immedi notifi member secretariat regul product cover indic object rational regul includ natur urgent problem request copi regul member member make comment write discuss comment request take comment result discuss account notif secretariat english french spanish develop countri member request member provid copi document case volumin document summari document cover specif notif english french spanish secretariat promptli circul copi notif member interest intern organ draw attent develop countri member notif relat product interest member design singl central govern author respons implement nation level provis notif procedur paragraph annex gener reserv agreement constru requir provis particular copi draft public text languag member state paragraph annex member disclos confidenti inform imped enforc sanitari phytosanitari legisl prejudic legitim commerci interest enterpris annex control inspect approv procedur member ensur respect procedur check ensur fulfil sanitari phytosanitari measur procedur undertaken complet undu delai favour manner import product domest product standard process period procedur publish anticip process period commun applic request receiv applic compet bodi promptli examin complet document inform applic precis complet manner defici compet bodi transmit result procedur precis complet manner applic correct action applic defici compet bodi proce practic procedur applic request request applic inform stage procedur delai explain inform requir limit control inspect approv procedur includ approv addit establish toler contamin food beverag feedstuff confidenti inform import product aris suppli connect control inspect approv respect favour domest product manner legitim commerci interest protect requir control inspect approv individu specimen product limit reason fee impos procedur import product equit relat fee charg domest product product origin member higher actual cost servic criteria site facil procedur select sampl import product domest product minim inconveni applic import export agent specif product chang subsequ control inspect light applic regul procedur modifi product limit determin adequ confid exist product meet regul concern procedur exist review complaint oper procedur correct action complaint justifi import member oper system approv food addit establish toler contamin food beverag feedstuff prohibit restrict access domest market product base absenc approv import member relev intern standard basi access final determin made sanitari phytosanitari measur specifi control level product member territori product take place provid assist facilit control work control author agreement prevent member carri reason inspect territori agreement textil cloth member recal minist agre punta del est negoti area textil cloth aim formul modal permit eventu integr sector gatt basi strengthen gatt rule disciplin contribut object liber trade recal april decis trade negoti committe agre process integr commenc conclus uruguai round multilater trade negoti progress charact recal agre special treatment accord develop countri member agre articl agreement set provis appli member transit period integr textil cloth sector gatt member agre provis paragraph articl paragraph articl permit meaning increas access possibl small supplier develop commerci signific trade opportun entrant field textil cloth trade member due regard situat member accept protocol extend arrang intern trade textil refer agreement mfa extent afford special treatment appli provis agreement member agre interest cotton produc export member consult reflect implement provis agreement order facilit integr textil cloth sector gatt member continu autonom industri adjust increas competit market provid agreement provis affect right oblig member provis wto agreement multilater trade agreement textil cloth product agreement appli set annex articl quantit restrict bilater agreement maintain articl notifi articl mfa forc dai entri forc wto agreement dai entri forc notifi detail includ restraint level growth rate flexibl provis member maintain restrict textil monitor bodi provid articl refer agreement tmb member agre date entri forc wto agreement restrict maintain gatt contract parti place dai entri forc govern provis agreement tmb circul notif member inform open member bring attent tmb dai circul notif observ deem regard notif observ circul member inform tmb make recommend member concern month period restrict notifi paragraph coincid month period immedi preced date entri forc wto agreement member concern mutual agre arrang bring period restrict line agreement year establish nation base level restrict order implement provis articl concern member agre enter consult promptli request view reach mutual agreement arrang account inter alia season pattern shipment recent year result consult notifi tmb make recommend deem member concern restrict notifi paragraph deem constitut total restrict appli respect member dai entri forc wto agreement restrict term product member introduc provis agreement relev gatt provis restrict notifi dai date entri forc wto agreement termin forthwith unilater measur articl mfa prior date entri forc wto agreement remain effect durat exceed month review textil surveil bodi refer agreement tsb establish mfa tsb opportun review unilater measur review tmb accord rule procedur govern articl measur mfa measur appli mfa articl agreement prior date entri forc wto agreement subject disput tsb opportun review review tmb accord mfa rule procedur applic review date entri forc wto agreement member integr gatt product account cent total volum member import product annex term hs line categori product integr encompass product group top yarn fabric made textil product cloth full detail action pursuant paragraph notifi member concern member maintain restrict fall paragraph undertak notwithstand date entri forc wto agreement notifi detail gatt secretariat date determin ministeri decis april gatt secretariat promptli circul notif particip inform notif made tmb establish purpos paragraph member pursuant paragraph articl retain provis articl notifi detail tmb dai date entri forc wto agreement case member cover paragraph articl end twelfth month wto agreement effect tmb circul notif member inform review provid paragraph remain product product integr gatt paragraph integr term hs line categori stage dai month wto agreement effect product account cent total volum member import product annex product integr member encompass product group top yarn fabric made textil product cloth dai month wto agreement effect product account cent total volum member import product annex product integr member encompass product group top yarn fabric made textil product cloth dai st month wto agreement effect textil cloth sector stand integr gatt restrict agreement elimin member notifi pursuant paragraph articl intent retain provis articl purpos agreement deem integr textil cloth product gatt member exempt compli provis paragraph agreement prevent member submit integr programm pursuant paragraph integr product gatt earlier provid programm integr product effect begin agreement year detail notifi tmb month prior thereto circul member respect programm integr pursuanc paragraph notifi detail tmb month come effect circul tmb member base level restrict remain product mention paragraph restraint level refer paragraph stage agreement date entri forc wto agreement month effect inclus level restrict mfa bilater agreement forc month period prior date entri forc wto agreement increas annual growth rate establish respect restrict increas cent council trade good disput settlement bodi decid paragraph articl level remain restrict increas annual subsequ stage agreement stage month wto agreement effect inclus growth rate respect restrict stage increas cent stage month wto agreement effect inclus growth rate respect restrict stage increas cent agreement prevent member elimin restrict maintain pursuant articl effect begin agreement year transit period provid export member concern tmb notifi month prior elimin come effect period prior notif shorten dai agreement restrain member tmb circul notif member elimin restrict envisag paragraph member concern account treatment similar export member flexibl provis swing carryov carri forward applic restrict maintain pursuant articl provid mfa bilater agreement month period prior entri forc wto agreement quantit limit maintain combin swing carryov carri forward administr arrang deem relat implement provis articl matter agreement member concern arrang notifi tmb member export subject restrict dai entri forc wto agreement restrict repres cent total volum restrict appli import member decemb notifi articl meaning improv access export provid entri forc wto agreement durat agreement advanc stage growth rate set paragraph equival mutual agre respect mix base level growth flexibl provis improv notifi tmb case durat agreement safeguard measur initi member articl xix gatt respect product period year immedi integr product gatt accord provis articl provis articl xix interpret agreement safeguard appli save set paragraph measur appli tariff mean import member concern appli measur manner set paragraph articl xiii gatt request export member export product subject restrict agreement time year period immedi prior initi safeguard measur export member concern administ measur applic level reduc relev export level recent repres period averag export member concern repres year statist safeguard measur appli year applic level progress liber regular interv period applic case export member concern exercis suspend substanti equival concess oblig paragraph articl xix gatt tmb review implement articl request member review matter refer implement provis articl make recommend find dai member member concern invit particip member articl dai date entri forc wto agreement member maintain restrict textil cloth product restrict maintain mfa cover provis articl consist gatt notifi detail tmb provid tmb notif respect submit wto bodi notif applic provid inform respect gatt justif restrict includ gatt provis base member maintain restrict fall paragraph justifi gatt provis bring conform gatt year entri forc wto agreement notifi action tmb inform phase progress programm present tmb member maintain restrict month date entri forc wto agreement programm provid restrict phase period exceed durat agreement tmb make recommend member concern respect programm durat agreement member provid tmb inform notif submit wto bodi respect restrict exist restrict textil cloth product gatt provis dai come effect open member make revers notif tmb inform regard gatt justif regard restrict notifi provis articl action respect notif pursu member relev gatt provis procedur wto bodi tmb circul notif made pursuant articl member inform articl restrict refer articl appli articl administ export member import member oblig accept shipment excess restrict notifi articl restrict appli pursuant articl member agre introduct practic rule procedur categor textil cloth product includ relat harmon system implement administr restrict notifi appli agreement upset balanc right oblig member concern agreement advers affect access member imped full util access disrupt trade agreement product constitut part restrict notifi integr pursuant provis articl member agre chang level restrict upset balanc right oblig member concern agreement mention paragraph member agre member initi inform initi consult affect member member prior implement view reach mutual accept solut equit adjust member agre consult prior implement feasibl member initi request affect member consult dai member concern view reach mutual satisfactori solut equit adjust mutual satisfactori solut reach member involv refer matter tmb recommend provid articl tsb opportun review disput introduc prior entri forc wto agreement review tmb accord rule procedur mfa applic review articl member agre circumvent tran shipment rout fals declar countri place origin falsif offici document frustrat implement agreement integr textil cloth sector gatt member establish legal provis administr procedur address action circumvent member agre consist domest law procedur cooper fulli address problem aris circumvent member agreement circumv tran shipment rout fals declar countri place origin falsif offici document inadequ measur appli address action circumvent member consult member member concern view seek mutual satisfactori solut consult held promptli dai mutual satisfactori solut reach matter refer member involv tmb recommend member agre action consist domest law procedur prevent investig legal administr action circumvent practic territori member agre cooper fulli consist domest law procedur instanc circumvent alleg circumvent agreement establish relev fact place import export applic tran shipment agre cooper consist domest law procedur includ investig circumvent practic increas restrain export member maintain restraint exchang document correspond report relev inform extent facilit plant visit contact request case case basi member endeavour clarifi circumst instanc circumvent alleg circumvent includ respect role export import involv result investig suffici evid circumvent occur evid countri place true origin circumst circumvent member agre action extent address problem action includ denial entri good good enter due regard actual circumst involv countri place true origin adjust charg restraint level reflect true countri place origin evid involv territori member good tran ship action includ introduct restraint respect member action time scope consult held view arriv mutual satisfactori solut concern member notifi tmb full justif member concern agre remedi consult agreement notifi tmb tmb make recommend member concern deem mutal satisfactori solut reach member concern refer matter tmb prompt review recommend member note case circumvent involv shipment transit countri place alter made good contain shipment place transit note gener practic place transit exercis control shipment member agre fals declar fibr content quantiti descript classif merchandis frustrat object agreement evid fals declar made purpos circumvent member agre measur consist domest law procedur export import involv member agreement circumv fals declar inadequ administr measur appli address action circumvent member consult promptli member involv view seek mutual satisfactori solut solut reach matter refer member involv tmb recommend provis intend prevent member make technic adjust inadvert error declar made articl member recogn transit period appli specif transit safeguard mechan refer agreement transit safeguard transit safeguard appli member product cover annex integr gatt provis articl member maintain restrict fall articl notifi tmb dai date entri forc wto agreement retain provis articl member accept protocol extend mfa make notif month entri forc wto agreement transit safeguard appli sparingli consist provis articl effect implement integr process agreement safeguard action articl basi determin member demonstr product import territori increas quantiti damag actual threat thereof domest industri produc directli competit product damag actual threat thereof demonstr caus increas quantiti total import product factor technolog consum prefer make determin damag actual threat thereof refer paragraph member examin effect import state industri reflect relev econom variabl output product util capac inventori market share export wage employ domest price profit invest combin factor necessarili give decis guidanc measur invok pursuant provis articl appli member member basi member member damag actual threat thereof refer paragraph attribut determin basi sharp substanti increas import actual immin member member individu basi level import compar import sourc market share import domest price compar stage commerci transact factor combin factor necessarili give decis guidanc safeguard measur appli export member export product restraint agreement period valid determin damag actual threat thereof purpos invok safeguard action exce dai date initi notif set paragraph applic transit safeguard account interest export member set develop countri member accord treatment significantli favour provid group member refer paragraph prefer element term member total volum textil cloth export small comparison total volum export member account small percentag total import product import member accord differenti favour treatment fix econom term provid paragraph supplier due account pursuant paragraph articl futur possibl develop trade commerci quantiti import respect wool product wool produc develop countri member economi textil cloth trade depend wool sector total textil cloth export consist exlus wool product volum textil cloth trade compar small market import member special consider export member quota level growth rate flexibl favour treatment accord import member textil cloth product member export member process subsequ import defin law practic import member subject satisfactori control certif procedur product import member type trade repres signific proport total export textil cloth member propos safeguard action seek consult member member affect action request consult accompani specif relev factual inform date regard factor refer paragraph member invok action base determin exist damag actual threat thereof factor refer paragraph basi propos invok safeguard action respect member member concern respect request made paragraph inform relat close identifi segment product refer period set paragraph member invok action specif level import product question member member concern propos restrain level lower level refer paragraph member seek consult time commun chairman tmb request consult includ relev factual data outlin paragraph propos restraint level chairman inform member tmb request consult indic request member product question member receiv request member member concern respond request promptli consult held delai complet dai date request receiv consult mutual understand situat call restraint export product member member concern level restraint fix level lower actual level export import member concern month period termin month preced month request consult made detail agre restraint measur commun tmb dai date conclus agreement tmb determin agreement justifi accord provis articl order make determin tmb factual data provid chairman tmb refer paragraph relev inform provid member concern tmb make recommend deem member concern expiri period dai date request consult receiv agreement member member propos safeguard action appli restraint date import date export accord provis articl dai dai period consult time refer matter tmb open member refer matter tmb expiri period dai case tmb promptli conduct examin matter includ determin damag actual threat thereof make recommend member concern dai order conduct examin tmb factual data provid chairman tmb refer paragraph relev inform provid member concern highli unusu critic circumst delai damag difficult repair action paragraph provision condit request consult notif tmb effect work dai take action case consult produc agreement tmb notifi conclus consult case dai date implement action tmb promptli conduct examin matter make recommend member concern dai case consult produc agreement member notifi tmb conclus case dai date implement action tmb make recommend deem member concern member maintain measur invok pursuant provis articl year extens product integr gatt whichev restraint measur remain forc period exceed year level subsequ year level year increas growth rate cent annum justifi tmb restraint level product concern exceed year subsequ year carri forward carryov cent carri forward repres cent quantit limit combin carryov carri forward provis paragraph product member restraint articl member level restraint agre pursuant provis articl product exceed cent provid total export subject restraint exce total level product restrain articl basi agre common unit period applic restraint product coincid provis appli overlap period pro rata basi safeguard action appli articl product restraint previous place mfa month period prior entri forc wto agreement pursuant provis articl level restraint level provid paragraph restraint forc year date notif refer paragraph articl elimin previou restraint date remov previou restraint put place pursuant provis articl mfa case level higher level restraint month period product restraint ii level restraint provid paragraph member maintain restraint articl decid appli restraint pursuant provis articl establish arrang full account factor establish tariff classif quantit unit base normal commerci practic export import transact fibr composit term compet segment domest market avoid categor request consult refer paragraph includ full inform arrang articl part integr process refer specif commit undertaken member result uruguai round member action abid gatt rule disciplin achiev improv access market textil cloth product measur tariff reduct bind reduct elimin tariff barrier facilit custom administr licens formal ensur applic polici relat fair equit trade condit textil cloth area dump anti dump rule procedur subsidi countervail measur protect intellectu properti right avoid discrimin import textil cloth sector take measur gener trade polici reason action prejudic right oblig member gatt member notifi tmb action refer paragraph bear implement agreement extent notifi wto bodi summari refer origin notif suffici fulfil requir paragraph open member make revers notif tmb member consid member action refer paragraph balanc right oblig agreement upset member bring matter relev wto bodi inform tmb subsequ find conclus wto bodi concern form part tmb comprehens report articl order supervis implement agreement examin measur agreement conform therewith action specif requir agreement textil monitor bodi tmb establish tmb consist chairman member membership balanc broadli repres member provid rotat member interv member appoint member design council trade good serv tmb discharg function ad personam basi tmb develop work procedur understood consensu tmb requir assent concurr member appoint member involv unresolv issu review tmb tmb consid stand bodi meet carri function requir agreement reli notif inform suppli member relev articl agreement supplement addit inform detail submit decid seek reli notif report wto bodi sourc deem member afford adequ opportun consult respect matter affect oper agreement absenc mutual agre solut bilater consult provid agreement tmb request member prompt consider matter make recommend member concern request member tmb review promptli matter member consid detriment interest agreement consult member member concern fail produc mutual satisfactori solut matter tmb make observ deem member concern purpos review provid paragraph formul recommend observ tmb invit particip member directli affect matter question tmb call make recommend find prefer period dai time period agreement recommend find commun member directli concern recommend find commun council trade good inform member endeavour accept full recommend tmb exercis proper surveil implement recommend member consid unabl conform recommend tmb provid tmb reason month receipt recommend consider reason tmb issu recommend consid forthwith recommend matter remain unresolv member bring matter disput settlement bodi invok paragraph articl xxiii gatt relev provis disput settlement understand order overse implement agreement council trade good conduct major review end stage integr process assist review tmb month end stage transmit council trade good comprehens report implement agreement stage review matter regard integr process applic transit safeguard mechan relat applic gatt rule disciplin defin articl tmb comprehens report includ recommend deem tmb council trade good light review council trade good consensu decis deem ensur balanc right oblig embodi agreement impair resolut disput aris respect matter refer articl disput settlement bodi author prejudic final date set articl adjust paragraph articl stage subsequ review respect member found compli oblig agreement articl agreement restrict thereund stand termin dai st month wto agreement effect date textil cloth sector fulli integr gatt extens agreement annex list product cover agreement annex list textil cloth product defin harmon commod descript code system hs code digit level action safeguard provis articl respect textil cloth product basi hs line se action safeguard provis articl agreement appli develop countri member export handloom fabric cottag industri hand made cottag industri product made handloom fabric tradit folklor handicraft textil cloth product provid product properli certifi arrang establish member concern histor trade textil product internation trade commerci signific quantiti prior bag sack carpetback cordag luggag mat mat carpet typic made fibr jute coir sisal abaca maguei henequen product made pure silk product provis articl xix gatt interpret agreement safeguard applic gt tabl gt gt tabl gt agreement technic barrier trade member regard uruguai round multilater trade negoti desir object gatt recogn import contribut intern standard conform assess system make regard improv effici product facilit conduct intern trade desir encourag develop intern standard conform assess system desir ensur technic regul standard includ packag mark label requir procedur assess conform technic regul standard creat unnecessari obstacl intern trade recogn countri prevent take measur ensur qualiti export protect human anim plant life health environ prevent decept practic level consid subject requir appli manner constitut mean arbitrari unjustifi discrimin countri condit prevail disguis restrict intern trade accord provis agreement recogn countri prevent take measur protect essenti secur interest recogn contribut intern standard make transfer technolog develop develop countri recogn develop countri encount special difficulti formul applic technic regul standard procedur assess conform technic regul standard desir assist endeavour regard agre articl gener provis gener term standard procedur assess conform mean definit adopt unit nation system intern standard bodi take account context light object purpos agreement purpos agreement mean term annex appli product includ industri agricultur product subject provis agreement purchas specif prepar government bodi product consumpt requir government bodi subject provis agreement address agreement govern procur coverag provis agreement appli sanitari phytosanitari measur defin annex agreement applic sanitari phytosanitari measur refer agreement technic regul standard conform assess procedur constru includ amend thereto addit rule product coverag thereof amend addit insignific natur technic regul standard articl prepar adopt applic technic regul central govern bodi respect central govern bodi member ensur respect technic regul product import territori member accord treatment favour accord product nation origin product origin countri member ensur technic regul prepar adopt appli view effect creat unnecessari obstacl intern trade purpos technic regul trade restrict fulfil legitim object take account risk fulfil creat legitim object inter alia nation secur requir prevent decept practic protect human health safeti anim plant life health environ assess risk relev element consider inter alia scientif technic inform relat process technolog intend end product technic regul maintain circumst object give rise adopt longer exist chang circumst object address trade restrict manner technic regul requir relev intern standard exist complet immin member relev part basi technic regul intern standard relev part ineffect inappropri mean fulfil legitim object pursu instanc fundament climat geograph factor fundament technolog problem member prepar adopt appli technic regul signific effect trade member request member explain justif technic regul term provis paragraph technic regul prepar adopt appli legitim object explicitli mention paragraph accord relev intern standard rebutt presum creat unnecessari obstacl intern trade view harmon technic regul wide basi member plai full part limit resourc prepar intern standard bodi intern standard product adopt expect adopt technic regul member give posit consider accept equival technic regul member regul differ provid satisfi regul adequ fulfil object regul member technic regul base product requir term perform design descript characterist relev intern standard exist technic content propos technic regul accord technic content relev intern standard technic regul signific effect trade member member publish notic public earli stage manner enabl interest parti member acquaint propos introduc technic regul notifi member secretariat product cover propos technic regul indic object rational notif place earli stage amend introduc comment account request provid member particular copi propos technic regul identifi part substanc deviat relev intern standard discrimin reason time member make comment write discuss comment request written comment result discuss account subject provis lead paragraph urgent problem safeti health environment protect nation secur aris threaten aris member member omit step enumer paragraph find provid member adopt technic regul notifi immedi member secretariat technic regul product cover indic object rational technic regul includ natur urgent problem request provid member copi technic regul discrimin member present comment write discuss comment request written comment result discuss account member ensur technic regul adopt publish promptli made manner enabl interest parti member acquaint urgent circumst refer paragraph member reason interv public technic regul entri forc order time produc export member develop countri member adapt product method product requir import member articl prepar adopt applic technic regul local govern bodi government bodi respect local govern government bodi territori member reason measur ensur complianc bodi provis articl except oblig notifi refer paragraph articl member ensur technic regul local govern level directli central govern member notifi accord provis paragraph articl note notif requir technic regul technic content substanti previous notifi technic regul central govern bodi member concern member requir contact member includ notif provis inform comment discuss refer paragraph articl place central govern member measur requir encourag local govern bodi government bodi territori act manner inconsist provis articl member fulli respons agreement observ provis articl member formul implement posit measur mechan support observ provis articl central govern bodi articl prepar adopt applic standard member ensur central govern standard bodi accept compli code good practic prepar adopt applic standard annex agreement refer agreement code good practic reason measur ensur local govern government standard bodi territori region standard bodi bodi territori member accept compli code good practic addit member measur effect directli indirectli requir encourag standard bodi act manner inconsist code good practic oblig member respect complianc standard bodi provis code good practic appli irrespect standard bodi accept code good practic standard bodi accept compli code good practic acknowledg member compli principl agreement conform technic regul standard articl procedur assess conform central govern bodi member ensur case posit assur conform technic regul standard requir central govern bodi appli provis product origin territori member conform assess procedur prepar adopt appli grant access supplier product origin territori member condit favour accord supplier product nation origin origin countri compar situat access entail supplier assess conform rule procedur includ foreseen procedur possibl conform assess activ undertaken site facil receiv mark system conform assess procedur prepar adopt appli view effect creat unnecessari obstacl intern trade mean inter alia conform assess procedur strict appli strictli give import member adequ confid product conform applic technic regul standard take account risk conform creat implement provis paragraph member ensur conform assess procedur undertaken complet expediti favour order product origin territori member domest product standard process period conform assess procedur publish anticip process period commun applic request receiv applic compet bodi promptli examin complet document inform applic precis complet manner defici compet bodi transmit result assess precis complet manner applic correct action applic defici compet bodi proce practic conform assess applic request request applic inform stage procedur delai explain inform requir limit assess conform determin fee confidenti inform product origin territori member aris suppli connect conform assess procedur respect domest product manner legitim commerci interest protect fee impos assess conform product origin territori member equit relat fee chargeabl assess conform product nation origin origin countri take account commun transport cost aris differ locat facil applic conform assess bodi site facil conform assess procedur select sampl unnecessari inconveni applic agent specif product chang subsequ determin conform applic technic regul standard conform assess procedur modifi product limit determin adequ confid exist product meet technic regul standard concern procedur exist review complaint oper conform assess procedur correct action complaint justifi paragraph prevent member carri reason spot check territori case posit assur requir product conform technic regul standard relev guid recommend issu intern standard bodi exist complet immin member ensur central govern bodi relev part basi conform assess procedur duli explain request guid recommend relev part inapropri member concern inter alia reason nation secur requir prevent decept practic protect human health safeti anim plant life health environ fundament climat geograph factor fundament technolog infrastructur problem view harmon conform assess procedur wide basi member plai full part limit resourc prepar intern standard bodi guid recommend conform assess procedur relev guid recommend issu intern standard bodi exist technic content propos conform assess procedur accord relev guid recommend issu intern standard bodi conform assess procedur signific effect trade member member publish notic public earli stage manner enabl interest parti member acquaint propos introduc conform assess procedur notifi member secretariat product cover propos conform assess procedur indic object rational notif place earli stage amend introduc comment account request provid member particular copi propos procedur identifi part substanc deviat relev guid recommend issu intern standard bodi discrimin reason time member make comment write discuss comment request written comment result discuss account subject provis lead paragraph urgent problem safeti health environment protect nation secur aris threaten aris member member omit step enumer paragraph find provid member adopt procedur notifi immedi member secretariat procedur product cover indic object rational procedur includ natur urgent problem request provid member copi rule procedur discrimin member present comment write discuss comment request written comment result discuss account member ensur conform assess procedur adopt publish promptli made manner enabl interest parti member acquaint urgent circumst refer paragraph member reason interv public requir conform assess procedur entri forc order time produc export member develop countri member adapt product method product requir import member articl recognit conform assess central govern bodi respect central govern bodi prejudic provis paragraph member ensur result conform assess procedur member accept procedur differ provid satisfi procedur offer assur conform applic technic regul standard equival procedur recogn prior consult order arriv mutual satisfactori understand adequ endur technic compet relev conform assess bodi export member confid continu reliabl conform assess result exist regard verifi complianc instanc accredit relev guid recommend issu intern standard bodi account indic adequ technic compet limit accept conform assess result produc design bodi export member member ensur conform assess procedur permit practic implement provis paragraph member encourag request member enter negoti conclus agreement mutual recognit result conform assess procedur member requir agreement fulfil criteria paragraph give mutual satisfact potenti facilit trade product concern member encourag permit particip conform assess bodi locat territori member conform assess procedur condit favour accord bodi locat territori territori countri articl procedur assess conform local govern bodi respect local govern bodi territori member reason measur ensur complianc bodi provis articl except oblig notifi refer paragraph articl member ensur conform assess procedur local govern level directli central govern member notifi accord provis paragraph articl note notif requir conform assess procedur technic content substanti previous notifi conform assess procedur central govern bodi member concern member requir contact member includ notif provis inform comment discuss refer paragraph articl place central govern member measur requir encourag local govern bodi territori act manner inconsist provis articl member fulli respons agreement observ provis articl member formul implement posit measur mechan support observ provis articl central govern bodi articl procedur assess conform government bodi member reason measur ensur government bodi territori oper conform assess procedur compli provis articl except oblig notifi propos conform assess procedur addit member measur effect directli indirectli requir encourag bodi act manner inconsist provis articl member ensur central govern bodi reli conform assess procedur oper government bodi bodi compli provis articl except oblig notifi propos conform assess procedur articl intern region system posit assur conform technic regul standard requir member practic formul adopt intern system conform assess member thereof particip member reason measur ensur intern region system conform assess relev bodi territori member particip compli provis articl addit member measur effect directli indirectli requir encourag system act manner inconsist provis articl member ensur central govern bodi reli intern region conform assess system extent system compli provis articl applic inform assist articl inform technic regul standard conform assess procedur member ensur enquiri point exist answer reason enquiri member interest parti member provid relev document technic regul adopt propos territori central local govern bodi government bodi legal power enforc technic regul region standard bodi bodi member particip standard adopt propos territori central local govern bodi region standard bodi bodi member particip conform assess procedur propos conform assess procedur oper territori central local govern bodi government bodi legal power enforc technic regul region bodi bodi member particip membership particip member relev central local govern bodi territori intern region standar bodi conform assess system bilater multilater arrang scope agreement provid reason inform provis system arrang locat notic publish pursuant agreement provis inform inform obtain locat enquiri point mention paragraph legal administr reason enquiri point establish member member provid member complet unambigu inform scope respons enquiri point addit member ensur enquiri address incorrect enquiri point promptli convei correct enquiri point member reason measur ensur enquiri point exist answer reason enquiri member interest parti member provid relev document inform obtain standard adopt propos territori government standard bodi region standard bodi bodi member particip conform assess procedur propos conform assess procedur oper territori government bodi region bodi bodi member particip membership particip relev government bodi territori intern region standard bodi conform assess system bilater multilater arrang scope agreement provid reason inform provis system arrang member reason measur ensur copi document request member interest parti member accord provis agreement suppli equit price real cost deliveri nation member concern member develop countri member request member provid english french spanish translat document cover specif notif case volumin document summari document secretariat receiv notif accordan provis agreement circul copi notif member interest intern standard conform assess bodi draw attent develop countri member notif relat product interest member reach agreement countri countri issu relat technic regul standard conform assess procedur signific effect trade member parti agreement notifi member secretariat product cover agreement includ descript agreement member concern encourag enter request consult member purpos conclud similar agreement arrang particip agreement agreement constru requir public text languag member provis particular copi draft languag member state paragraph member furnish inform disclosur contrari essenti secur interest notif secretariat english french spanish member design singl central govern author respons implement nation level provis notif procedur agreement includ annex legal administr reason respons notif procedur divid central govern author member concern provid member complet unambigu inform scope respons author articl technic assist member member request advis member develop countri member prepar technic regul member request advis member develop countri member grant technic assist mutual agre term condit establish nation standard bodi particip intern standard bodi encourag nation standard bodi likewis member request reason measur arrang regulatori bodi territori advis member develop countri member grant technic assist mutual agre term condit establish regulatori bodi bodi assess conform technic regul method technic regul met member request reason measur arrang advic member develop countri member grant technic assist mutual agre term condit establish bodi assess conform standard adopt territori request member member request advis member develop countri member grant technic assist mutual agre term condit step produc access system conform assess oper government government bodi territori member receiv request member member particip intern region system conform assess request advis member develop countri member grant technic assist mutual agre term condit establish institut legal framework enabl fulfil oblig membership particip system member request encourag bodi territori member particip intern region system conform assess advis member develop countri member request technic assist establish institut enabl relev bodi territori fulfil oblig membership particip provid advic technic assist member term paragraph member give prioriti develop countri member articl special differenti treatment develop countri member member provid differenti favour treatment develop countri member agreement provis relev provis articl agreement member give attent provis agreement develop countri member right oblig account special develop financi trade develop countri member implement agreement nation oper agreement institut arrang member prepar applic technic regul standard conform assess procedur account special develop financi trade develop countri member view ensur technic regul standard conform assess procedur creat unnecessari obstacl export develop countri member member recogn intern standard guid recommend exist technolog socio econom condit develop countri member adopt technic regul standard conform assess procedur aim preserv indigen technolog product method process compat develop member recogn develop countri member expect intern standard basi technic regul standard includ test method develop financi trade member reason measur ensur intern standard bodi intern system conform assess organ oper facilit activ repres particip relev bodi member take account special problem develop countri member member reason measur ensur intern standard bodi request develop countri member examin possibl practic prepar intern standard product special interest develop countri member member accord provis articl provid technic assist develop countri member ensur prepar applic technic regul standard conform assess procedur creat unnecessari obstacl expans diversif export develop countri member determin term condit technic assist account stage develop request member develop countri member recogn develop countri member face special problem includ institut infrastructur problem field prepar applic technic regul standard conform assess procedur recogn special develop trade develop countri member stage technolog develop hinder abil discharg fulli oblig agreement member fact fulli account view ensur develop countri member compli agreement committe technic barrier trade provid articl refer agreement committe enabl grant request time limit except part oblig agreement request committe account special problem field prepar applic technic regul standard conform assess procedur special develop trade develop countri member stage technolog develop hinder abil discharg fulli oblig agreement committe account special problem develop countri member consult develop countri member bear mind special difficulti experienc develop countri member formul implement standard technic regul conform assess procedur desir assist develop countri member effort direct develop countri member account special regard financ trade develop committe examin period special differenti treatment laid agreement grant develop countri member nation intern level institut consult disput settlement articl committe technic barrier trade committe technic barrier trade establish compos repres member committe elect chairman meet year purpos afford member opportun consult matter relat oper agreement further object carri respons assign agreement member committe establish work parti bodi carri respons assign committe accord relev provis agreement understood unnecessari duplic avoid work agreement govern technic bodi committe examin problem view minim duplic articl consult disput settlement consult settlement disput respect matter affect oper agreement place auspic disput settlement bodi follow mutati mutandi provis articl xxii xxiii gatt elabor appli disput settlement understand request parti disput initi panel establish technic expert group assist question technic natur requir detail consider expert technic expert group govern procedur annex disput settlement provis set invok case member consid member achiev satisfactori result articl trade interest significantli affect respect result equival bodi question member final provis articl final provis reserv reserv enter respect provis agreement consent member review member promptli date wto agreement enter forc inform committe measur exist ensur implement administr agreement measur notifi committe committe review annual implement oper agreement take account object thereof end year date entri forc wto agreement end year period committe review oper implement agreement includ provis relat transpar view recommend adjust right oblig agreement ensur mutual econom advantag balanc right oblig prejudic provis articl regard inter alia experi gain implement agreement committe submit propos amend text agreement council trade good annex annex agreement constitut integr part thereof annex term definit purpos agreement term present sixth edit iso iec guid gener term definit standard relat activ agreement mean definit guid take account servic exclud coverag agreement purpos agreement definit appli technic regul document lai product characterist relat process product method includ applic administr provis complianc mandatori includ deal exclus terminolog symbol packag mark label requir appli product process product method explanatori note definit iso iec guid contain base call build block system standard document approv recogn bodi common repeat rule guidelin characterist product relat process product method complianc mandatori includ deal exclus terminolog symbol packag mark label requir appli product process product method explanatori note term defin iso iec guid cover product process servic agreement deal technic regul standard conform assess procedur relat product process product method standard defin iso iec guid mandatori voluntari purpos agreement standard defin voluntari technic regul mandatori document standard prepar intern standard commun base consensu agreement cover document base consensu conform assess procedur procedur directli indirectli determin relev requir technic regul standard fulfil explanatori note conform assess procedur includ inter alia procedur sampl test inspect evalu verif assur conform registr accredit approv combin intern bodi system bodi system membership open relev bodi member region bodi system bodi system membership open relev bodi member central govern bodi central govern ministri depart bodi subject control central govern respect activ question explanatori note case european commun provis govern central govern bodi appli region bodi conform assess system establish european commun case subject provis agreement region bodi conform assess system local govern bodi govern central govern state provinc laender canton municip ministri depart bodi subject control govern respect activ question government bodi bodi central govern bodi local govern bodi includ government bodi legal power enforc technic regul annex technic expert group procedur appli technic expert group establish accord provis articl technic expert group panel author term refer detail work procedur decid panel report panel particip technic expert group restrict person profession stand experi field question citizen parti disput serv technic expert group joint agreement parti disput except circumst panel consid special scientif expertis fulfil govern offici parti disput serv technic expert group member technic expert group serv individu capac govern repres repres organ govern organ give instruct regard matter technic expert group technic expert group consult seek inform technic advic sourc deem technic expert group seek inform advic sourc jurisdict member inform govern member member respond promptli fulli request technic expert group inform technic expert group consid parti disput access relev inform provid technic expert group confidenti natur confidenti inform provid technic expert group releas formal author govern organ person provid inform inform request technic expert group releas inform technic expert group author confidenti summari inform provid govern organ person suppli inform technic expert group submit draft report member concern view obtain comment take account final report circul member concern submit panel annex code good practic prepar adopt applic standard gener provis purpos code definit annex agreement appli code open accept standard bodi territori member wto central govern bodi local govern bodi government bodi government region standard bodi member member wto government region standard bodi member situat territori member wto refer code collect standard bodi individu standard bodi standard bodi accept withdrawn code notifi fact iso iec inform centr geneva notif includ address bodi concern scope current expect standard activ notif directli iso iec inform centr nation member bodi iso iec prefer relev nation member intern affili isonet substant provis respect standard standard bodi accord treatment product origin territori member wto favour accord product nation origin product origin countri standard bodi ensur standard prepar adopt appli view effect creat unnecessari obstacl intern trade intern standard exist complet immin standard bodi relev part basi standard develop intern standard relev part ineffect inappropri instanc insuffici level protect fundament climat geograph factor fundament technolog problem view harmon standard wide basi standard bodi plai full part limit resourc prepar relev intern standard bodi intern standard subject matter adopt expect adopt standard standard bodi territori member particip intern standard activ place deleg repres standard bodi territori adopt expect adopt standard subject matter intern standard activ relat standard bodi territori member make effort avoid duplic overlap work standard bodi nation territori work relev intern region standard bodi make effort achiev nation consensu standard develop likewis region standard bodi make effort avoid duplic overlap work relev intern standard bodi standard bodi standard base product requir term perform design descript characterist month standard bodi publish work programm address standard prepar standard adopt preced period standard prepar moment decis develop standard standard adopt titl specif draft standard request provid english french spanish notic exist work programm publish nation case region public standard activ work programm standard accord isonet rule classif relev subject matter stage attain standard develop refer intern standard basi time public work programm standard bodi notifi exist thereof iso iec inform centr geneva notif address standard bodi issu public work programm publish period work programm appli price obtain notif directli iso iec inform centr prefer relev nation member intern affili isonet nation member iso iec make effort member isonet appoint bodi member acquir advanc membership type isonet member standard bodi make effort associ isonet member adopt standard standard bodi period dai submiss comment draft standard interest parti territori member wto period shorten case urgent problem safeti health environ aris threaten aris start comment period standard bodi publish notic announc period comment public refer paragraph notif includ practic draft standard deviat relev intern standard request interest parti territori member wto standard bodi promptli provid arrang provid copi draft standard submit comment fee charg servic real cost deliveri foreign domest parti standard bodi account process standard comment receiv period comment comment receiv standard bodi accept code good practic request repli promptli repli includ explan deviat relev intern standard standard adopt promptli publish request interest parti territori member wto standard bodi promptli provid arrang provid copi recent work programm standard produc fee charg servic real cost deliveri foreign domest parti standard bodi afford sympathet consider adequ opportun consult represent respect oper code present standard bodi accept code good practic make object effort solv complaint agreement trade relat invest measur member minist agre punta del est declar examin oper gatt articl relat trade restrict distort effect invest measur negoti elabor provis avoid advers effect trade desir promot expans progress liberalis world trade facilit invest intern frontier increas econom growth trade partner develop countri member ensur free competit take account trade develop financi develop countri member develop countri member recogn invest measur trade restrict distort effect agre articl coverag agreement appli invest measur relat trade good refer agreement trim articl nation treatment quantit restrict prejudic right oblig gatt member appli trim inconsist provis articl iii articl xi gatt illustr list trim inconsist oblig nation treatment provid paragraph articl iii gatt oblig gener elimin quantit restrict provid paragraph articl xi gatt contain annex agreement articl except except gatt appli provis agreement articl develop countri member develop countri member free deviat temporarili provis articl extent manner articl xviii gatt understand balanc payment provis gatt declar trade measur balanc payment purpos adopt novemb bisd permit member deviat provis articl iii xi gatt articl notif transit arrang member dai date entri forc wto agreement notifi council trade good trim appli conform provis agreement trim gener specif applic notifi princip featur member elimin trim notifi paragraph year date entri forc wto agreement case develop countri member year case develop countri member year case develop countri member request council trade good extend transit period elimin trim notif paragraph develop countri member includ develop countri member demonstr difficulti implement provis agreement request council trade good account individu develop financi trade member question transit period member modifi term trim notifi paragraph prevail date entri forc wto agreement increas degre inconsist provis articl trim introduc dai date entri forc wto agreement benefit transit arrang provid paragraph notwithstand provis articl member order disadvantag establish enterpris subject trim notifi paragraph appli transit period trim invest product invest product establish enterpris ii avoid distort condit competit invest establish enterpris trim appli invest notifi council trade good term trim equival competit effect applic establish enterpris termin time articl transpar member reaffirm respect trim commit oblig transpar notif articl gatt undertak notifici contain understand notifict consult disput settlement surveil adopt novemb ministeri decis notif procedur adopt april member notifi secretariat public trim found includ appli region local govern author territori member accord sympathet consider request inform afford adequ opportun consult matter aris agreement rais member conform articl gatt member requir disclos inform disclosur imped law enforc contrari public interest prejudic legitim commerci interest enterpris public privat articl committe trade relat invest measur committe trade relat invest measur refer agreement committe establish open member committe elect chairman vice chairman meet year request member committe carri respons assign council trade good afford member opportun consult matter relat oper implement agreement committe monitor oper implement agreement report thereon annual council trade good articl consult disput settlement provis articl xxii xxiii gatt elabor appli disput settlement understand appli consult settlement disput agreement articl review council trade good year date entri forc wto agreement council trade good review oper agreement propos ministeri confer amend text review council trade good agreement complement provis invest polici competit polici annex illustr list trim inconsist oblig nation treatment provid paragraph articl iii gatt includ mandatori enforc domest law administr rule complianc obtain advantag requir purchas enterpris product domest origin domest sourc term product term volum product term proport volum local product enterpris purchas import product limit amount relat volum local product export trim inconsist oblig gener elimin quantit restrict provid paragraph articl xi gatt includ mandatori enforc domest law administr rule complianc obtain advantag restrict import enterpris product relat local product gener amount relat volum local product export import enterpris product relat local product restrict access foreign exchang amount relat foreign exchang inflow attribut enterpris export sale export enterpris product term product term volum product term proport volum local product agreement implement articl vi gener agreement tariff trade member agre part articl principl anti dump measur appli circumst provid articl vi gatt pursuant investig initi conduct accord provis agreement provis govern applic articl vi gatt action anti dump legisl regul articl determin dump purpos agreement product consid dump introduc commerc countri normal export price product export countri compar price ordinari trade product destin consumpt export countri sale product ordinari trade domest market export countri market situat low volum sale domest market export countri sale permit proper comparison margin dump determin comparison compar price product export countri provid price repres cost product countri origin reason amount administr sell gener cost profit sale product domest market export countri sale countri price unit fix variabl cost product administr sell gener cost treat ordinari trade reason price disregard determin normal author determin sale made extend period time substanti quantiti price provid recoveri cost reason period time price unit cost time sale weight averag unit cost period investig price consid provid recoveri cost reason period time purpos paragraph cost calcul basi record export produc investig provid record accord gener accept account principl export countri reflect cost product sale product consider author evid proper alloc cost includ made export produc investig provid alloc histor util export produc relat establish amort depreci period allow capit expenditur develop cost reflect cost alloc paragraph cost adjust appropri recur item cost benefit futur current product circumst cost period investig affect start oper purpos paragraph amount administr sell gener cost profit base actual data pertain product sale ordinari trade product export produc investig amount determin basi amount determin basi actual amount incur realiz export produc question respect product sale domest market countri origin gener categori product ii weight averag actual amount incur realiz export produc subject investig respect product sale product domest market countri origin iii reason method provid amount profit establish exce profit realiz export produc sale product gener categori domest market countri origin case export price appear author concern export price unreli associ compensatori arrang export import parti export price construct basi price import product resold independ buyer product resold independ buyer resold condit import reason basi author determin fair comparison made export price normal comparison made level trade factori level respect sale made time due allow made case merit differ affect price compar includ differ condit term sale taxat level trade quantiti physic characterist differ demonstr affect price compar case refer paragraph allow cost includ duti tax incur import resal profit accru made case price compar affect author establish normal level trade equival level trade construct export price make due allow warrant paragraph author parti question inform ensur fair comparison impos unreason burden proof parti comparison paragraph requir convers currenc convers made rate exchang date sale provid sale foreign currenc forward market directli link export sale involv rate exchang forward sale fluctuat exchang rate investig author export dai adjust export price reflect sustain movement exchang rate period investig subject provis govern fair comparison paragraph exist margin dump investig phase establish basi comparison weight averag normal weight averag price compar export transact comparison normal export price transact transact basi normal establish weight averag basi compar price individu export transact author find pattern export price differ significantli purchas region time period explan provid differ account appropri weight averag weight averag transact transact comparison case product import directli countri origin export import member intermedi countri price product sold countri export import member compar compar price countri export comparison made price countri origin product tran ship countri export product produc countri export compar price countri export agreement term product produit similair interpret product ident alik respect product consider absenc product product alik respect characterist close resembl product consider articl prejudic supplementari provis paragraph articl vi annex gatt articl determin injuri determin injuri purpos articl vi gatt base posit evid involv object examin volum dump import effect dump import price domest market product consequ impact import domest produc product regard volum dump import investig author signific increas dump import absolut term rel product consumpt import member regard effect dump import price investig author signific price undercut dump import compar price product import member effect import depress price signific degre prevent price increas occur signific degre factor necessarili give decis guidanc import product countri simultan subject anti dump investig investig author cumul assess effect import determin margin dump establish relat import countri de minimi defin paragraph articl volum import countri neglig cumul assess effect import light condit competit import product condit competit import product domest product examin impact dump import domest industri concern includ evalu relev econom factor indic bear state industri includ actual potenti declin sale profit output market share product return invest util capac factor affect domest price magnitud margin dump actual potenti neg effect cash flow inventori employ wage growth abil rais capit invest list exhaust factor necessarili give decis guidanc demonstr dump import effect dump set paragraph caus injuri mean agreement demonstr causal relationship dump import injuri domest industri base examin relev evid author author examin factor dump import time injur domest industri injuri caus factor attribut dump import factor relev respect includ inter alia volum price import sold dump price contract demand pattern consumpt trade restrict practic competit foreign domest produc develop technolog export perform product domest industri effect dump import assess relat domest product product data permit separ identif product basi criteria product process produc sale profit separ identif product effect dump import assess examin product narrowest group rang product includ product inform provid determin threat materi injuri base fact alleg conjectur remot possibl chang circumst creat situat dump injuri foreseen immin make determin exist threat materi injuri author inter alia factor signific rate increas dump import domest market indic likelihood substanti increas import ii suffici freeli dispos immin substanti increas capac export indic likelihood substanti increas dump export import member market take account avail export market absorb addit export iii import enter price signific depress suppress effect domest price increas demand import iv inventori product investig factor necessarili give decis guidanc total factor consid lead conclus dump export immin protect action materi injuri occur respect case injuri threaten dump import applic anti dump measur consid decid special care articl definit domest industri purpos agreement term domest industri interpret refer domest produc product collect output product constitut major proport total domest product product produc relat export import import allegedli dump product term domest industri interpret refer rest produc ii except circumst territori member product question divid competit market produc market regard separ industri produc market sell product product question market demand market substanti degre suppli produc product question locat territori circumst injuri found exist major portion total domest industri injur provid concentr dump import isol market provid dump import caus injuri produc product market domest industri interpret refer produc area market defin paragraph ii anti dump duti levi product question consign final consumpt area constitut law import member permit levi anti dump duti basi import member levi anti dump duti limit export opportun ceas export dump price area concern give assur pursuant articl adequ assur regard promptli duti levi product specif produc suppli area question countri reach provis paragraph articl xxiv gatt level integr characterist singl unifi market industri entir area integr domest industri refer paragraph provis paragraph articl applic articl articl initi subsequ investig provid paragraph investig determin exist degre effect alleg dump initi written applic behalf domest industri applic paragraph includ evid dump injuri mean articl vi gatt interpret agreement causal link dump import alleg injuri simpl assert unsubstanti relev evid consid suffici meet requir paragraph applic inform applic ident applic descript volum domest product product applic written applic made behalf domest industri applic identifi industri behalf applic made list domest produc product associ domest produc product extent descript volum domest product product account produc ii complet descript allegedli dump product name countri countri origin export question ident export foreign produc list person import product question iii inform price product question sold destin consumpt domest market countri countri origin export inform price product sold countri countri origin export countri countri construct product inform export price price pnroduct resold independ buyer territori import member iv inform evolut volum allegedli dump import effect import price product domest market consequ impact import domest industri demonstr relev factor indic bear state domest industri list paragraph articl author examin accuraci adequaci evid provid applic determin suffici evid justifi initi investig investig initi pursuant paragraph author determin basi examin degre support opposit applic express domest produc product applic made behalf domest industri applic consid made behalf domest industri support domest produc collect output constitut cent total product product produc portion domest industri express support opposit applic investig initi domest produc expressli support applic account cent total product product produc domest industri author avoid decis made initi investig public applic initi investig receipt properli document applic proceed initi investig author notifi govern export member concern special circumst author concern decid initi investig receiv written applic behalf domest industri initi investig proce suffici evid dump injuri causal link paragraph justifi initi investig evid dump injuri consid simultan decis initi investig investig start date earliest date accord provis agreement provision measur appli applic paragraph reject investig termin promptli author concern satisfi suffici evid dump injuri justifi proceed case termin case author determin margin dump de minimi volum dump import actual potenti injuri neglig margin dump consid de minimi margin cent express percentag export price volum dump import regard neglig volum dump import countri found account cent import product import member countri individu account cent import product import member collect account cent import product import member anti dump proceed hinder procedur custom clearanc investig special circumst conclud year case month initi articl evid interest parti anti dump investig notic inform author requir ampl opportun present write evid relev respect investig question export foreign produc receiv questionnair anti dump investig dai repli due consider request extens dai period shown extens grant practic subject requir protect confidenti inform evid present write interest parti made promptli interest parti particip investig investig initi author provid full text written applic receiv paragraph articl export author export member make request interest parti involv due regard paid requir protect confidenti inform provid paragraph anti dump investig interest parti full opportun defenc interest end author request provid opportun interest parti meet parti advers interest oppos view present rebutt argument offer provis opportun account preserv confidenti conveni parti oblig parti attend meet failur prejudici parti case interest parti justif present inform oral oral inform provid paragraph account author subsequ reproduc write made interest parti provid subparagraph author practic provid time opportun interest parti inform relev present case confidenti defin paragraph author anti dump investig prepar present basi inform inform natur confidenti disclosur signific competit advantag competitor disclosur significantli advers effect person suppli inform person person acquir inform provid confidenti basi parti investig good shown treat author inform disclos specif permiss parti submit author requir interest parti provid confidenti inform furnish confidenti summari thereof summari suffici detail permit reason understand substanc inform submit confid except circumst parti inform suscept summari except circumst statement reason summar provid author find request confidenti warrant supplier inform unwil make inform public author disclosur gener summari form author disregard inform demonstr satisfact sourc inform correct circumst provid paragraph author investig satisfi accuraci inform suppli interest parti find base order verifi inform provid obtain detail author carri investig territori member requir provid obtain agreement firm concern notifi repres govern member question member object investig procedur annex appli investig carri territori member subject requir protect confidenti inform author make result investig provid disclosur thereof pursuant paragraph firm pertain make result applic case interest parti refus access provid inform reason period significantli imped investig preliminari final determin affirm neg made basi fact provis annex ii observ applic paragraph author final determin made inform interest parti essenti fact consider form basi decis appli definit measur disclosur place suffici time parti defend interest author rule determin individu margin dump export produc concern product investig case number export produc import type product involv larg make determin impractic author limit examin reason number interest parti product sampl statist valid basi inform author time select largest percentag volum export countri question investig select export produc import type product made paragraph prefer chosen consult consent export produc import concern case author limit examin provid paragraph determin individu margin dump export produc initi select submit inform time inform consid investig number export produc larg individu examin unduli burdensom author prevent time complet investig voluntari respons discourag purpos agreement interest parti includ export foreign produc import product subject investig trade busi associ major member produc export import product ii govern export member iii produc product import member trade busi associt major member produc product territori import member list preclud member allow domest foreign parti mention includ interest parti author provid opportun industri user product investig repres consum organ case product commonli sold retail level provid inform relev investig dump injuri causal author due account difficulti experienc interest parti small compani suppli inform request provid assist practic procedur set intend prevent author member proceed expediti regard initi investig reach preliminari final determin affirm neg appli provision final measur accord relev provis agreement articl provision measur provision measur appli investig initi accord provis articl public notic effect interest parti adequ opportun submit inform make comment ii preliminari affirm determin made dump consequ injuri domest industri iii author concern judg measur prevent injuri caus investig provision measur form provision duti prefer secur cash deposit bond equal amount anti dump duti provision estim greater provision estim margin dump withhold apprais provision measur provid normal duti estim amount anti dump duti long withhold apprais subject condit provision measur provision measur appli sooner dai date initi investig applic provision measur limit short period exceed month decis author concern request export repres signific percentag trade involv period exceed month author investig examin duti lower margin dump suffici remov injuri period month relev provis articl applic provision measur articl price undertak proceed suspend termin imposit provision measur anti dump duti receipt satisfactori voluntari undertak export revis price ceas export area question dump price author satisfi injuri effect dump elimin price increas undertak higher elimin margin dump desir price increas margin dump increas adequ remov injuri domest industri price undertak sought accept export author import member made preliminari affirm determin dump injuri caus dump undertak offer accept author accept impract number actual potenti export great reason includ reason gener polici case aris practic author provid export reason led accept undertak inappropri extent give export opportun make comment thereon undertak accept investig dump injuri complet export desir author decid case neg determin dump injuri made undertak automat laps case determin due larg part exist price undertak case author requir undertak maintain reason period consist provis agreement event affirm determin dump injuri made undertak continu consist term provis agreement price undertak suggest author import member export forc enter undertak fact export offer undertak accept invit prejudic consider case author free determin threat injuri realiz dump import continu author import member requir export undertak accept provid period inform relev fulfil undertak permit verif pertin data case violat undertak author import member agreement conform provis expediti action constitut applic provision measur inform case definit duti levi accord agreement product enter consumpt dai applic provision measur retroact assess appli import enter violat undertak articl imposit collect anti dump duti decis impos anti dump duti case requir imposit fulfil decis amount anti dump duti impos full margin dump decis made author import member desir imposit permiss territori member duti margin lesser duti adequ remov injuri domest industri anti dump duti impos respect product anti dump duti collect amount case discriminatori basi import product sourc found dump caus injuri import sourc price undertak term agreement accept author supplier supplier product concern supplier countri involv impractic supplier author suppli countri concern supplier countri involv author supplier involv impractic suppli countri involv amount anti dump duti exce margin dump establish articl amount anti dump duti assess retrospect basi determin final liabil payment anti dump duti place month case month date request final assess amount anti dump duti made refund made promptli dai determin final liabil made pursuant paragraph case refund made dai author provid explan request amount anti dump duti assess prospect basi provis made prompt refund request duti paid excess margin dump refund duti paid excess actual margin dump place month case month date request refund duli support evid made import product subject anti dump duti refund author made dai note decis determin extent reimburs made export price construct accord paragraph articl author account chang normal chang cost incur import resal movement resal price duli reflect subsequ sell price calcul export price deduct amount anti dump duti paid conclus evid provid author limit examin accord sentenc paragraph articl anti dump duti appli import export produc includ examin exce weight averag margin dump establish respect select export produc ii liabil payment anti dump duti calcul basi prospect normal differ weight averag normal select export produc export price export produc individu examin provid author disregard purpos paragraph de minimi margin margin establish circumst refer paragraph articl author appli individu duti normal valu import export produc includ examin provid inform investig provid subparagraph articl product subject anti dump duti import member author promptli carri review purpos determin individu margin dump export produc export countri question export product import member period investig provid export produc show relat export produc export countri subject anti dump duti product review initi carri acceler basi compar normal duti assess review proceed import member anti dump duti levi import export produc review carri author withhold apprais request guarante ensur review result determin dump respect produc export anti dump duti levi retroact date initi review articl retroact provision measur anti dump duti appli product enter consumpt time decis paragraph articl paragraph articl enter forc subject except set articl final determin injuri threat thereof materi retard establish industri made case final determin threat injuri effect dump import absenc provision measur led determin injuri anti dump duti levi retroact period provision measur appli definit anti dump duti higher provision duti paid payabl amount estim purpos secur differ collect definit duti lower provision duti paid payabl amount estim purpos secur differ reimburs duti recalcul case provid paragraph determin threat injuri materi retard made injuri occur definit anti dump duti impos date determin threat injuri materi retard cash deposit made period applic provision measur refund bond releas expediti manner final determin neg cash deposit made period applic provision measur refund bond releas expediti manner definit anti dump duti levi product enter consumpt dai prior date applic provision measur author determin dump product question histori dump caus injuri import awar export practis dump dump injuri ii injuri caus massiv dump import product short time light time volum dump import circumst rapid build inventori import product undermin remedi effect definit anti dump duti appli provid import concern opportun comment author initi investig measur withhold apprais assess collect anti dump duti retroact provid paragraph suffici evid condit set paragraph satisfi duti levi retroact pursuant paragraph product enter consumpt prior date initi investig articl durat review anti dump duti price undertak anti dump duti remain forc long extent counteract dump caus injuri author review continu imposit duti warrant initi provid reason period time elaps imposit definit anti dump duti request interest parti submit posit inform substanti review interest parti request author examin continu imposit duti offset dump injuri continu recur duti remov vari result review paragraph author determin anti dump duti longer warrant termin immedi notwithstand provis paragraph definit anti dump duti termin date year imposit date recent review paragraph review cover dump injuri paragraph author determin review initi date initi duli substanti request made behalf domest industri reason period time prior date expiri duti lead continu recurr dump injuri duti remain forc pend outcom review provis articl evid procedur appli review carri articl review carri expediti conclud month date initi review provis articl appli mutati mutandi price undertak accept articl articl public notic explan determin author satisfi suffici evid justifi initi anti dump investig pursuant articl member member product subject investig interest parti investig author interest notifi public notic public notic initi investig make separ report adequ inform export countri countri product involv ii date initi investig iii basi dump alleg applic iv summari factor alleg injuri base address represent interest parti direct vi time limit allow interest parti make view public notic preliminari final determin affirm neg decis accept undertak pursuant articl termin undertak termin definit anti dump duti notic set make separ report suffici detail find conclus reach issu fact law consid materi investig author notic report forward member member product subject determin undertak interest parti interest public notic imposit provision measur set make separ report suffici detail explan preliminari determin dump injuri refer matter fact law led argument accept reject notic report due regard paid requir protect confidenti inform name supplier impractic suppli countri involv ii descript product suffici custom purpos iii margin dump establish full explan reason methodolog establish comparison export price normal articl iv consider relev injuri determin set articl main reason lead determin public notic conclus suspens investig case affirm determin provid imposit definit duti accept price undertak make separ report relev inform matter fact law reason led imposit final measur accept price undertak due regard paid requir protect confidenti inform notic report inform subparagraph reason accept reject relev argument claim made export import basi decis made subparagraph articl public notic termin suspens investig accept undertak pursuant articl includ make separ report confidenti part undertak provis articl appli mutati mutandi initi complet review pursuant articl decis articl appli duti retroact articl judici review member nation legisl provis anti dump measur maintain judici arbitr administr tribun procedur purpos inter alia prompt review administr action final determin review determin mean articl tribun procedur independ author respons determin review question articl anti dump action behalf countri applic anti dump action behalf countri made author countri request action applic support price inform show import dump detail inform show alleg dump caus injuri domest industri concern countri govern countri afford assist author import countri obtain inform requir applic author import countri effect alleg dump industri concern countri injuri assess relat effect alleg dump industri export import countri industri total export decis proce case rest import countri import countri decid prepar action initi approach council trade good seek approv action rest import countri articl develop countri member recogn special regard develop countri member special situat develop countri member applic anti dump measur agreement possibl construct remedi provid agreement explor appli anti dump duti affect essenti interest develop countri member part ii articl committe anti dump practic establish committe anti dump practic refer agreement committe compos repres member committe elect chairman meet year envisag relev provis agreement request member committe carri respons assign agreement member afford member opportun consult matter relat oper agreement further object wto secretariat act secretariat committe committe set subsidiari bodi carri function committe subsidiari bodi consult seek inform sourc deem committe subsidiari bodi seek inform sourc jurisdict member inform member involv obtain consent member firm consult member report delai committe preliminari final anti dump action report secretariat inspect member member submit semi annual basi report anti dump action preced month semi annual report submit agre standard form member notifi committe author compet initi conduct investig refer articl domest procedur govern initi conduct investig articl consult disput settlement provid disput settlement understand applic consult settlement disput agreement member afford sympathet consider afford adequ opportun consult represent made member respect matter affect oper agreement member consid benefit accru directli indirectli agreement nullifi impair achiev object imped member member view reach mutual satisfactori resolut matter request write consult member member question member afford sympathet consider request member consult member request consult consid consult pursuant paragraph fail achiev mutual agre solut final action administ author import member levi definit anti dump duti accept price undertak refer matter disput settlement bodi dsb provision measur signific impact member request consult consid measur contrari provis paragraph articl member refer matter dsb dsb request complain parti establish panel examin matter base written statement member make request indic benefit accru directli indirectli agreement nullifi impair achiev object agreement imped ii fact made conform domest procedur author import member examin matter refer paragraph assess fact matter panel determin author establish fact proper evalu fact unbias object establish fact proper evalu unbias object panel reach conclus evalu overturn ii panel interpret relev provis agreement accord customari rule interpret public intern law panel find relev provis agreement admit permiss interpret panel find author measur conform agreement rest permiss interpret confidenti inform provid panel disclos formal author person bodi author provid inform inform request panel releas inform panel author confidenti summari inform author person bodi author provid inform provid part iii articl final provis specif action dump export form member accord provis gatt interpret agreement reserv enter respect provis agreement consent member subject subparagraph provis agreement appli investig review exist measur initi pursuant applic made date entri forc member wto agreement respect calcul margin dump refund procedur paragraph articl rule recent determin review dump appli purpos paragraph articl exist anti dump measur deem impos date date entri forc member wto agreement case domest legisl member forc date includ claus type provid paragraph member step gener charact ensur date entri forc wto agreement conform law regul administr procedur provis agreement appli member question member inform committe law regul relev agreement administr law regul committe review annual implement oper agreement take account object thereof committe inform annual council trade good develop period cover review annex agreement constitut integr part thereof annex procedur spot investig pursuant paragraph articl initi investig author export member firm concern inform intent carri sport investig except circumst intend includ government expert investig team firm author export member inform government expert subject effect sanction breach confidenti requir standard practic obtain explicit agreement firm concern export member visit final schedul agreement firm concern obtain investig author notifi author export member name address firm visit date agre suffici advanc notic firm question visit made visit explain questionnair made request export firm visit made author import member notifi repres member question object visit main purpos spot investig verifi inform provid obtain detail carri respons questionnair receiv firm agre contrari govern export member inform investig author anticip visit object standard practic prior visit advis firm concern gener natur inform verifi inform provid preclud request made spot detail provid light inform obtain enquiri question put author firm export member essenti success sport investig answer visit made annex ii inform term paragraph articl initi investig investig author detail inform requir interest parti manner inform structur interest parti respons author ensur parti awar inform suppli reason time author free make determin basi fact includ contain applic initi investig domest industri author request interest parti provid respons medium comput tape comput languag request made author reason abil interest parti respond prefer medium comput languag request parti respons comput system parti author maintain request computer respons interest parti maintain computer account present respons request result unreason extra burden interest parti entail unreason addit cost troubl author maintain request respons medium comput languag interest parti maintain computer account medium comput languag present respons request result unreason extra burden interest parti entail unreason addit cost troubl inform verifi appropri submit investig undu difficulti suppli time fashion applic suppli medium comput languag request author account determin made parti respond prefer medium comput languag author find circumst set paragraph satisfi failur respond prefer medium comput languag consid significantli imped investig author abil process inform provid medium comput tape inform suppli form written materi form accept author inform provid ideal respect justifi author disregard provid interest parti act abil evid inform accept suppli parti inform forthwith reason therefor opportun provid explan reason period due account time limit investig explan consid author satisfactori reason reject evid inform publish determin author base find includ respect normal inform secondari sourc includ inform suppli applic initi investig special circumspect case author practic check inform independ sourc dispos publish price list offici import statist custom return inform obtain interest parti investig clear interest parti cooper relev inform withheld author situat lead result favour parti parti cooper agreement implement articl vii gener agreement tariff trade gener introductori commentari primari basi custom agreement transact defin articl articl read articl inter alia adjust price paid payabl case specif element consid form part custom purpos incur buyer includ price paid payabl import good articl inclus transact consider pass buyer seller form good servic form monei articl provid method determin custom determin provis articl custom determin provis articl process consult custom administr import view arriv basi provis articl occur import inform custom ident similar import good immedi custom administr port import hand custom administr inform custom ident similar import good readili import process consult parti enabl inform exchang subject requir commerci confidenti view determin proper basi custom purpos articl provid base determin custom determin basi transact import good ident similar import good paragraph articl custom determin basi price good sold condit import unrel buyer countri import import good process import valu provis articl import request articl custom determin basi comput method present difficulti import provis articl choos order applic method articl set determin custom case determin provis preced articl member regard multilater trade negoti desir object gatt secur addit benefit intern trade develop countri recogn import provis articl vii gatt desir elabor rule applic order provid greater uniform certainti implement recogn fair uniform neutral system valuat good custom purpos preclud arbitrari fictiti custom valu recogn basi valuat good custom purpos greatest extent transact good valu recogn custom base simpl equit criteria consist commerci practic valuat procedur gener applic distinct sourc suppli recogn valuat procedur combat dump agre part rule custom valuat articl custom import good transact price paid payabl good sold export countri import adjust accord provis articl provid restrict disposit good buyer restrict impos requir law public author countri import ii limit geograph area good resold iii substanti affect good sale price subject condit consider determin respect good valu part proce subsequ resal dispos good buyer accru directli indirectli seller adjust made accord provis articl buyer seller relat buyer seller relat transact accept custom purpos provis paragraph determin transact accept purpos paragraph fact buyer seller relat mean articl ground transact unaccept case circumst surround sale examin transact accept provid relationship influenc price light inform provid import custom administr ground relationship influenc price commun ground import import reason opportun respond import request commun ground write sale relat person transact accept good valu accord provis paragraph import demonstr close approxim occur time transact sale unrel buyer ident similar good export countri import ii custom ident similar good determin provis articl iii custom ident similar good determin provis articl appli forego test due account demonstr differ commerci level quantiti level element enumer articl cost incur seller sale seller buyer relat incur seller sale seller buyer relat test set paragraph initi import comparison purpos substitut valu establish provis paragraph articl custom import good determin provis articl custom transact ident good sold export countri import export time good valu appli articl transact ident good sale commerci level substanti quantiti good valu determin custom sale found transact ident good sold commerci level quantit adjust account differ attribut commerci level quantiti provid adjust made basi demonstr evid establish reason accuraci adjust adjust lead increas decreas cost charg refer paragraph articl includ transact adjust made account signific differ cost charg import good ident good question aris differ distanc mode transport appli articl transact ident good found lowest determin custom import good articl custom import good determin provis articl custom transact similar good sold export countri import export time good valu appli articl transact similar good sale commerci level substanti quantiti good valu determin custom sale found transact similar good sold commerci level quantiti adjust account differ attribut commerci level quantiti provid adjust made basi demonstr evid establish reason accuraci adjust adjust lead increas decreas cost charg refer paragraph articl includ transact adjust made account signific differ cost charg import good similar good question arais differ distanc mode transport appli articl transact similar good found lowest determin custom import good articl custom import good determin provis articl custom determin provis articl custom determin articl provis articl request import order applic articl revers articl import good ident similar import good sold countri import condit import custom import good provis articl base unit price import good ident similar import good sold greatest aggreg quantiti time import good valu person relat person bui good subject deduct commiss paid agre paid addit made profit gener expens connect sale countri import good class kind ii usual cost transport insur cost incur countri import iii cost charg refer paragraph articl iv custom duti nation tax payabl countri import reason import sale good import good ident similar import good sold time import good valu custom subject provis paragraph base unit price import good ident similar import good sold countri import condit import earliest date import good valu expir dai import import good ident similar import good sold countri import condit import import request custom base unit price import good process sold greatest aggreg quantiti person countri import relat person bui good due allow made ad process deduct provid paragraph articl custom import good provis articl base cumput comput consist sum cost materi fabric process emploi produc import good amount profit gener expens equal reflect sale good class kind good valu made produc countri export export countri import cost expens reflect valuat option chosen member paragraph articl member requir compel person resid territori produc examin access account record purpos determin comput inform suppli produc good purpos determin custom provis articl verifi countri author countri import agreement produc provid give suffici advanc notic govern countri question object investig articl custom import good determin provis articl inclus custom determin reason mean consist principl gener provis agreement articl vii gatt basi data countri import custom determin provis articl basi sell price countri import good produc countri system accept custom purpos higher altern valu price good domest market countri export cost product comput valu determin ident similar good accord provis articl price good export countri countri import minimum custom valu arbitrari fictiti valu import request import inform write custom determin provis articl method determin articl determin custom provis articl ad price paid payabl import good extent incur buyer includ price paid payabl good commiss brokerag bui commiss ii cost contain treat custom purpos good question iii cost pack labour materi apport good servic suppli directli indirectli buyer free charg reduc cost connect product sale export import good extent includ price paid payabl materi compon part similar item incorpor import good ii tool di mould similar item product import good iii materi consum product import good iv engin develop artwork design work plan sketch undertaken countri import product import good royalti licenc fee relat good valu buyer pai directli indirectli condit sale good valu extent royalti fee includ price paid payabl part proce subsequ resal dispos import good accru directli indirectli seller frame legisl member provid inclus exclus custom part cost transport import good port place import load unload handl charg transport import good port place import cost insur addit price paid payabl made articl basi object quantifi data addit made price paid payabl determin custom provid articl articl convers currenc determin custom rate exchang duli publish compet author countri import concern reflect effect respect period cover document public current currenc commerci transact term currenc countri import convers rate effect time export time import provid member articl inform natur confidenti provid confidenti basi purpos custom valuat treat strictli confidenti author concern disclos specif permiss person govern provid inform extent requir disclos context judici proceed articl legisl member provid regard determin custom appeal penalti import person liabl payment duti initi appeal penalti author custom administr independ bodi legisl member provid appeal penalti judici author notic decis appeal appel reason decis provid write appel inform right appeal articl law regul judici decis administr rule gener applic give effect agreement publish conform articl gatt countri import concern articl determin custom import good delai final determin custom import good withdraw custom requir import suffici guarante form sureti deposit instrument cover ultim payment custom duti good liabl legisl member make provis circumst articl note annex agreement form integr part agreement articl agreement read appli conjunct respect note annex ii iii form integr part agreement articl agreement custom import good mean good purpos levi ad valorem duti custom import good countri import mean countri custom territori import produc includ grown manufactur mine agreement ident good mean good respect includ physic characterist qualiti reput minor differ appear preclud good conform definit regard ident similar good mean good alik respect characterist compon materi enabl perform function commerci interchang qualiti good reput exist trademark factor consid determin good similar term ident good similar good includ case good incorpor reflect engin develop artwork design work plan sketch adjust made paragraph iv articl element undertaken countri import good regard ident good similar good produc countri good valu good produc person account ident good similar good case produc person good valu agreement good class kind mean good fall group rang good produc industri industri sector includ ident similar good purpos agreement person deem relat offic director busi legal recogn partner busi employ employe person directli indirectli own control hold cent outstand vote stock share directli indirectli control directli indirectli control person directli indirectli control person member famili person busi sole agent sole distributor sole concessionair deem relat purpos agreement fall criteria paragraph articl written request import explan write custom administr countri import custom import good determin articl agreement constru restrict call question right custom administr satisfi truth accuraci statement document declar present custom valuat purpos part ii administr consult disput settlement articl institut establish committe custom valuat refer agreement committe compos repres member committe elect chairman meet year envisag relev provis agreement purpos afford member opportun consult matter relat administr custom valuat system member affect oper agreement further object carri respons assign member wto secretariat act secretariat committe establish technic committe custom valuat refer agreement technic committe auspic custom oper council refer agreement ccc carri respons annex ii agreement oper accord rule procedur contain articl consult disput settlement provid disput settlement understand applic consult settlement disput agreement member consid benefit accru directli indirectli agreement nullifi impair achiev object agreement imped result action member member view reach mutual satisfactori solut matter request consult member member question member afford sympathet consider request member consult technic committe provid request advic assist member engag consult request parti disput initi panel establish examin disput relat provis agreement request technic committe carri examin question requir technic consider panel determin term refer technic committe disput set time period receipt report technic committe panel consider report technic committe event technic committe unabl reach consensu matter refer pursuant paragraph panel afford parti disput opportun present view matter panel confidenti inform provid panel disclos formal author person bodi author provid inform inform request panel releas inform panel author confidenti summari inform author person bodi author provid inform provid part iii special differenti treatment articl develop countri member parti agreement implement articl vii gener agreement tariff trade april delai applic provis agreement period exceed year date entri forc wto agreement member develop countri member choos delai applic agreement notifi director gener wto addit paragraph develop countri member parti agreement implement articl vii gener agreement tariff trade april delai applic paragraph iii articl articl period exceed year applic provis agreement develop countri member choos delai applic provis paragraph notifi director gener wto develop countri member furnish mutual agre term technic assist develop countri member request basi develop countri member draw programm technic assist includ inter alia train personnel assist prepar implement measur access sourc inform custom valuat methodolog advic applic provis agreement part iv final provis articl reserv reserv enter respect provis agreement consent member articl nation legisl member ensur date applic provis agreement conform law regul administr procedur provis agreement member inform committe law regul relev agreement administr law regul articl review committe review annual implement oper agreement take account object thereof committe annual inform council trade good develop period cover review articl secretariat agreement servic wto secretariat regard respons specif assign technic committe servic ccc secretariat annex interpret note gener note sequenti applic valuat method articl defin custom import good determin provis agreement method valuat set sequenti order applic primari method custom valuat defin articl import good valu accord provis articl condit prescrib fulfil custom determin provis articl determin proceed sequenti succeed articl articl custom determin provid articl custom determin provis articl provis articl sequenc import request order articl revers normal order sequenc import request prove imposs determin custom provis articl custom determin provis articl determin custom determin provis articl determin provis articl gener accept account principl gener accept account principl refer recogn consensu substanti authorit support countri time econom resourc oblig record asset liabil asset liabil record asset liabil measur inform disclos disclos financi statement prepar standard broad guidelin gener applic detail practic procedur purpos agreement custom administr member util inform prepar manner consist gener accept account principl countri articl question determin usual profit gener expens provis articl carri util inform prepar manner consist gener accept account principl countri import hand determin usual profit gener expens provis articl carri util inform prepar manner consist gener accept account principl countri product determin element provid paragraph ii articl undertaken countri import carri util inform manner consist gener accept account principl countri note articl price paid payabl price paid payabl total payment made made buyer benefit seller import good payment necessarili form transfer monei payment made letter credit negoti instrument payment made directli indirectli indirect payment settlement buyer part debt ow seller activ undertaken buyer buyer account adjust provid articl consid indirect payment seller regard benefit seller cost activ ad price paid payabl determin custom custom includ charg cost provid distinguish price paid payabl import good charg construct erect assembl mainten technic assist undertaken import import good industri plant machineri equip cost transport import duti tax countri import price paid payabl refer price import good flow dividend payment buyer seller relat import good part custom paragraph iii restrict render price paid payabl unaccept restrict substanti affect good restrict case seller requir buyer automobil sell exhibit prior fix date repres begin model year paragraph sale price subject condit consider determin respect good valu transact accept custom purpos exampl includ seller establish price import good condit buyer bui good quantiti price import good depend price price buyer import good sell good seller import good price establish basi form payment extran import good import good semi finish good provid seller condit seller receiv quantiti finish good condit consider relat product market import good result reject transact fact buyer furnish seller engin plan undertaken countri import result reject transact purpos articl likewis buyer undertak buyer account agreement seller activ relat market import good activ part custom activ result reject transact paragraph paragraph provid mean establish accept transact paragraph buyer seller relat circumst surround sale examin transact accept custom provid relationship influenc price intend examin circumst case buyer seller relat examin requir doubt accept price custom administr doubt accept price accept request inform import custom administr previous examin relationship detail inform buyer seller satisfi examin inform relationship influenc price custom administr unabl accept transact inquiri give import opportun suppli detail inform enabl examin circumst surround sale context custom administr prepar examin relev aspect transact includ buyer seller organ commerci relat price question arriv order determin relationship influenc price shown buyer seller relat provis articl bui sell relat demonstr price influenc relationship price settl manner consist normal price practic industri question seller settl price sale buyer relat seller demonstr price influenc relationship shown price adequ ensur recoveri cost profit repres firm profit realiz repres period time annual basi sale good class kind demonstr price influenc paragraph opportun import demonstr transact close approxim test previous accept custom administr accept provis articl test paragraph met examin question influenc paragraph custom administr suffici inform satisfi detail inquiri test provid paragraph met reason requir import demonstr test met paragraph term unrel buyer mean buyer relat seller case paragraph number factor consider determin close approxim factor includ natur import good natur industri season good import differ valu commerci signific factor vari case case imposs appli uniform standard fix percentag case small differ case involv type good unaccept larg differ case involv type good accept determin transact close approxim test valu set paragraph articl note articl appli articl custom administr sale ident good commerci level substanti quantiti good valu sale found sale ident good take place condit sale commerci level quantiti sale commerci level substanti quantiti sale commerci level quantiti found sale condit adjust made case quantiti factor commerci level factor commerci level quantiti factor express flexibl sale make adjust condit purpos articl transact ident import good mean custom adjust provid paragraph accept articl condit adjust commerci level quantiti adjust lead increas decreas made basi demonstr evid establish reason accuraci adjust valid price list price refer level quantiti import good valu consist shipment unit ident import good transact exist involv sale unit recogn seller grant quantiti discount requir adjust accomplish resort seller price list price applic sale unit requir sale made quantiti long price list establish bona fide sale quantiti absenc object measur determin custom provis articl note articl appli articl custom administr sale similar good commerci level substanti quantiti good valu sale found sale similar good take place condit sale commerci level quantiti sale commerci level substanti quantiti sale commerci level quantiti found sale condit adjust made case quantiti factor commerci level factor commerci level quantiti factor express flexibl sale make adjust condit purpos articl transact similar import good mean custom adjust provid paragraph accept articl condit adjust commerci level quantiti adjust lead increas decreas made basi demonstr evid establish reason accuraci adjust valid price list price refer level quantiti import good valu consist shipment unit similar import good transact exist involv sale unit recogn seller grant quantiti discount requir adjust accomplish resort seller price list price applic sale unit requir sale made quantiti long price list establish bona fide sale quantiti absenc object measur determin custom provis articl note articl term unit price good sold greatest aggreg quantiti mean price greatest number unit sold sale person relat person bui good commerci level import sale place good sold price list grant favour unit price purchas made larger quantiti gt tabl gt greatest number unit sold price unit price greatest aggreg quantiti sale occur sale unit sold price currenc unit sale unit sold price currenc unit greatest number unit sold price unit price greatest aggreg quantiti situat quantiti sold price sale gt tabl gt total gt tabl gt greatest number unit sold price unit price greatest aggreg quantiti sale import countri paragraph person suppli directli indirectli free charg reduc cost connect product sale export import good element paragraph articl account establish unit price purpos articl note profit gener expens refer paragraph articl figur purpos deduct determin basi inform suppli behalf import import figur inconsist obtain sale countri import import good class kind import figur inconsist figur amount profit gener expens base relev inform suppli behalf import gener expens includ direct indirect cost market good question local tax payabl reason sale good deduct made provis paragraph iv articl deduct provis paragraph articl determin commiss usual profit gener expens provis paragraph articl question good class kind good determin case case basi refer circumst involv sale countri import narrowest group rang import good class kind includ good valu inform provid examin purpos articl good class kind includ good import countri good valu good import countri purpos paragraph articl earliest date date sale import good ident similar import good made suffici quantiti establish unit price method paragraph articl deduct made ad process base object quantifi data relat cost work accept industri formula recip method construct industri practic form basi calcul recogn method valuat provid paragraph articl applic result process import good lose ident instanc ident import good lost ad process determin accur unreason difficulti hand instanc import good maintain ident form minor element good sold countri import valuat method unjustifi view situat type consid case case basi note articl gener rule custom determin agreement basi inform readili countri import order determin comput examin cost produc good valu inform obtain countri import case produc good jurisdict author countri import comput method gener limit case buyer seller relat produc prepar suppli author countri import cost provid facil subsequ verif cost refer paragraph articl determin basi inform relat product good valu suppli behalf produc base commerci account produc provid account consist gener accept account principl appli countri good produc cost includ cost element paragraph ii iii articl includ apport provis relev note articl element paragraph articl suppli directli indirectli buyer connect product import good element paragraph iv articl undertaken countri import includ extent element charg produc understood cost element refer paragraph count determin comput amount profit gener expens refer paragraph articl determin basi inform suppli behalf produc produc figur inconsist reflect sale good class kind good valu made produc countri export export countri import note context amount profit gener expens case produc profit figur low produc gener expens high produc profit gener expens consist reflect sale good class kind situat occur product launch countri import produc accept nil low profit offset high gener expens launch produc demonstr low profit sale import good commerci circumst produc actual profit figur account provid produc valid commerci reason justifi produc price polici reflect usual price polici branch industri concern situat occur produc forc lower price temporarili unforese drop demand sell good complement rang good produc countri import accept low profit maintain competit produc figur profit gener expens consist reflect sale good class kind good valu made produc countri export export countri import amount profit gener expens base relev inform suppli behalf produc good inform suppli behalf produc purpos determin comput author import countri inform import request sourc inform data calcul base data subject provis articl gener expens refer paragraph articl cover direct indirect cost produc sell good export includ paragraph articl good class kind good determin case case basi refer circumst involv determin usual profit gener expens provis articl sale export countri import narrowest group rang good includ good valu inform provid examin purpos articl good class kind countri good valu note articl custom valu determin provis articl greatest extent base previous determin custom valu method valuat emploi articl laid articl reason flexibl applic method conform aim provis articl exampl reason flexibl ident good requir ident good export time good valu flexibl interpret ident import good produc countri countri export good valu basi custom valuat custom valu ident import good determin provis articl similar good requir similar good export time good valu flexibl interpret similar import good produc countri countri export good valu basi custom valuat custom valu similar import good determin provis articl deduct method requir good sold condit import paragraph articl flexibl interpret dai requir administ flexibl note articl paragraph term bui commiss mean fee paid import import agent servic repres import abroad purchas good valu paragraph ii factor involv apportion element paragraph ii articl import good element apport import good apportion element made reason manner circumst accord gener accept account principl element import acquir element seller relat import cost element cost element produc import person relat import cost produc element previous import acquir produc import origin cost acquisit product adjust downward reflect order arriv element determin element apport import good possibl exist apport shipment import wish pai duti entir time import request apport number unit produc time shipment import request apport entir anticip product contract firm commit exist product method apportion depend document provid import illustr import produc mould product import good contract produc bui unit time arriv shipment unit produc produc unit import request custom administr apport mould unit unit unit paragraph iv addit element paragraph iv articl base object quantifi data order minim burden import custom administr determin valu ad data readili buyer commerci record system element suppli buyer purchas leas buyer addit cost purchas leas addit made element public domain cost obtain copi eas calcul valu ad depend firm structur manag practic account method firm import varieti product countri maintain record design centr countri import show accur cost attribut product case direct adjust appropri made provis articl case firm carri cost design centr countri import gener overhead expens alloc specif product instanc adjust made provis articl respect import good apport total design centr cost total product benefit design centr ad apport cost unit basi import variat circumst requir factor consid determin proper method alloc case product element question involv number countri period time adjust limit ad element countri import paragraph royalti licenc fee refer paragraph articl includ thing payment respect patent trade mark copyright charg reproduc import good countri import ad price paid payabl import good determin custom payment made buyer distribut resel import good ad price paid payabl import good payment condit sale export countri import import good paragraph object quantifi data exist regard addit requir made provis articl transact determin provis articl illustr royalti paid basi price sale import countri litr product import kilogram made solut import royalti base partial import good partial factor import good import good mix domest ingredi longer separ identifi royalti distinguish special financi arrang buyer seller inappropri attempt make addit royalti amount royalti base import good readili quantifi addit price paid payabl made note articl purpos articl time import includ time entri custom purpos note articl articl import appeal valuat determin made custom administr good valu appeal higher level custom administr import final instanc appeal judiciari penalti mean import subject fine threat fine import chose exercis appeal payment normal court cost lawyer fee considerd fine articl prevent member requir full payment assess custom duti prior appeal note articl paragraph purpos articl term person includ legal person paragraph purpos agreement person deem control legal operation posit exercis restraint direct annex ii technic committe custom valuat accord articl agreement technic committe establish auspic ccc view ensur technic level uniform interpret applic agreement respons technic committe includ examin specif technic problem aris dai dai administr custom valuat system member give advisori opinion solut base fact present studi request valuat law procedur practic relat agreement prepar report result studi prepar circul annual report technic aspect oper statu agreement furnish inform advic matter valuat import good custom purpos request member committe inform advic form advisori opinion commentari explanatori note facilit request technic assist member view further intern accept agreement carri examin matter refer panel articl agreement exercis respons committe assign gener technic committe attempt conclud work specif matter refer member committe panel short period time provid paragraph articl panel set specif time period receipt report technic committe technic committe provid report period technic committe assist activ ccc secretariat represent member repres technic committe member nomin deleg altern repres technic committe member repres technic committe refer annex member technic committe repres member technic committe assist advis wto secretariat attend meet observ statu member ccc member wto repres meet technic committe deleg altern repres attend meet technic committe observ subject approv chairman technic committe secretari gener ccc refer annex secretari gener invit repres govern member wto member ccc repres intern government trade organ attend meet technic committe observ nomin deleg altern advis meet technic committe made secretari gener technic committe meet technic committe meet time year date meet fix technic committe preced session date meet vari request member technic committe concur simpl major member technic committe case requir urgent attent request chairman notwithstand provis sentenc paragraph technic committe meet matter refer panel provis articl agreement meet technic committe held headquart ccc decid secretari gener inform member technic committe includ paragraph dai advanc urgent case open date session technic committe agenda provision agenda session drawn secretari gener circul member technic committe includ paragraph dai advanc session urgent case agenda compris item inclus approv technic committe preced session item includ chairman chairman initi item inclus request secretari gener committe member technic committe technic committe determin agenda open session session agenda alter time technic committe offic conduct busi technic committe elect deleg member chairman vice chairmen chairman vice chairmen hold offic period year retir chairman vice chairmen elig elect mandat chairman vice chairman longer repres member technic committe termin automat chairman absent meet part thereof vice chairman presid event power duti chairman chairman meet particip proceed technic committe repres member technic committe addit exercis power confer chairman rule chairman declar open close meet direct discuss accord speak pursuant rule control proceed chairman call speaker order speaker remark relev discuss matter deleg rais point order event chairman immedi state rule rule challeng chairman submit meet decis stand overrul secretari gener offic ccc secretariat design secretari gener perform secretari work meet technic committe quorum vote repres simpl major member technic committe constitut quorum member technic committe vote decis technic committe major compris third member present outcom vote matter technic committe free make full report committe ccc matter indic view express relev discuss notwithstand provis paragraph matter refer panel technic committe decis consensu agreement reach technic committe question refer panel technic committe provid report detail fact matter indic view member languag record offici languag technic committe english french spanish speech statement made languag immedi translat offici languag deleg agre dispens translat speech statement made languag translat english french spanish subject condit event deleg concern provid translat english french spanish english french spanish offici document technic committe memoranda correspond consider technic committe present offici languag technic committe draw report session chairman consid minut summari record meet chairman designe chairman report work technic committe meet committe meet ccc annex iii year delai applic provis agreement develop countri member provid paragraph articl practic insuffici develop countri member case develop countri member request end period refer paragraph articl extens period understood member give sympathet consider request case develop countri member question show good develop countri good basi offici establish minimum valu make reserv enabl retain valu limit transit basi term condit agre member develop countri revers sequenti order request import provid articl agreement give rise real difficulti make reserv articl term govern reserv provid relev provis articl agreement appli custom author agre request revers order articl develop countri make reserv member consent articl agreement develop countri make reserv respect paragraph articl agreement term govern reserv provid paragraph articl agreement appli accord provis relev note thereto import request develop countri make reserv member consent articl agreement develop countri problem implement articl agreement relat import countri sole agent sole distributor sole concessionair problem aris practic develop countri member appli agreement studi question made request member view find solut articl recogn appli agreement custom adminstr make enquiri truth accuraci statement document declar present custom valuat purpos articl acknowledg enquiri made aim verifi element declar present custom connect determin custom complet correct member subject nation law procedur expect full cooper import enquiri price paid payabl includ payment made made condit sale import good buyer seller buyer parti satisfi oblig seller agreement preship inspect member note minist septemb agre uruguai round multilater trade negoti aim bring liber expans world trade strengthen role gatt increas respons gatt system evolv intern econom environ note number develop countri member recours preship inspect recogn develop countri long verifi qualiti quantiti price import good mind programm carri give rise unnecessari delai unequ treatment inspect definit carri territori export member recogn establish agre intern framework right oblig user member export member recogn principl oblig gatt appli activ preship inspect entiti mandat govern member wto recogn desir provid transpar oper preship inspect entiti law regul relat preship inspect desir provid speedi effect equit resolut disput export preship inspect entiti aris agreement agre articl coverag definit agreement appli preship inspect activ carri territori member activ contract mandat govern govern bodi member term user member mean member govern govern bodi contract mandat preship inspect activ preship inspect activ activ relat verif qualiti quantiti price includ currenc exchang rate financi term custom classif good export territori user member term preship inspect entiti entiti contract mandat member carri preship inspect activ articl oblig user member discrimin user member ensur preship inspect activ carri discriminatori manner procedur criteria emploi conduct activ object appli equal basi export affect activ ensur uniform perform inspect inspector preship inspect entiti contract mandat government requir user member ensur preship inspect activ relat law regul requir provis paragraph articl iii gatt respect extent relev site inspect user member ensur preship inspect activ includ issuanc clean report find note issuanc perform custom territori good export inspect carri custom territori complex natur product involv parti agre custom territori good manufactur standard user member ensur quantiti qualiti inspect perform accord standard defin seller buyer purchas agreement absenc standard relev intern standard appli transpar user member ensur preship inspect activ conduct transpar manner user member ensur initi contact export preship inspect entiti provid export list inform export compli inspect requir preship inspect entiti provid actual inform request export inform includ refer law regul user member relat preship inspect activ includ procedur criteria inspect price currenc exchang rate verif purpos export right vi vi inspect entiti appeal procedur set paragraph addit procedur requir exist procedur appli shipment export concern inform time inspect date arrang emerg situat type address articl xx xxi gatt addit requir appli shipment export inform assist reliev export oblig respect complianc import regul user member user member ensur inform refer paragraph made export conveni manner preship inspect offic maintain preship inspect entiti serv inform point inform user member publish promptli applic law regul relat preship inspect activ manner enabl govern trader acquaint protect confidenti busi inform user member ensur preship inspect entiti treat inform receiv preship inspect busi confidenti extent inform publish gener parti public domain user member ensur preship inspect entiti maintain procedur end user member provid inform member request measur take give effect paragraph provis paragraph requir member disclos confidenti inform disclosur jeopard effect preship inspect programm prejudic legitim commerci interest enterpris public privat user member ensur preship inspect entiti divulg confidenti busi inform parti preship inspect entiti share inform govern entiti contract mandat user member ensur confidenti busi inform receiv preship inspect entiti contract mandat adequ safeguard preship inspect entiti share confidenti busi inform govern contract mandat extent inform customarili requir letter credit form payment custom import licens exchang control purpos user member ensur preship inspect entiti request export provid inform manufactur data relat patent licens undisclos process process patent pend unpublish technic data data demonstr complianc technic regul standard intern price includ manufactur cost profit level term contract export supplier entiti conduct inspect question case entiti request inform purpos inform refer paragraph preship inspect entiti request releas voluntarili export illustr specif case conflict interest user member ensur preship inspect entiti bear mind provis protect confidenti busi inform paragraph maintain procedur avoid conflict interest preship inspect entiti relat entiti preship inspect entiti question includ entiti financi commerci interest entiti financi interest preship inspect entiti question shipment preship inspect entiti inspect preship inspect entiti entiti includ entiti subject preship inspect except govern entiti contract mandat inspect divis preship inspect entiti engag activ requir carri inspect process delai user member ensur preship inspect entiti avoid unreason delai inspect shipment user member ensur preship inspect entiti export agre inspect date preship inspect entiti conduct inspect date schedul mutual agre basi export preship inspect entiti preship inspect entiti prevent export forc majeur user member ensur receipt final document complet inspect preship inspect entiti work dai issu clean report find provid detail written explan reason issuanc user member ensur case preship inspect entiti give export opportun present view write export request arrang inspect earliest mutual conveni date user member ensur request export preship inspect entiti undertak prior date physic inspect preliminari verif price applic currenc exchang rate basi contract export import pro forma invoic applic applic import author user member ensur price currenc exchang rate accept preship inspect entiti basi preliminari verif withdrawn provid good conform import document import licenc ensur preliminari verif place preship inspect entiti immedi inform export write accept detail reason accept price currenc exchang rate user member ensur order avoid delai payment preship inspect entiti send export design repres export clean report find expediti user member ensur event cleric error clean report find preship inspect entiti correct error forward correct inform parti expediti price verif user member ensur order prevent invoic fraud preship inspect entiti conduct price verif guidelin preship inspect entiti reject contract price agre export import demonstr find unsatisfactori price base verif process conform criteria set subparagraph preship inspect entiti base price comparison verif export price price ident similar good offer export countri export time competit compar condit sale conform customari commerci practic net applic standard discount comparison base price provid valid basi comparison take account relev econom factor pertain countri import countri countri price comparison ii preship inspect entiti reli price good offer export countri import arbitrarili impos lowest price shipment iii preship inspect entiti account specif element list subparagraph iv stage process preship inspect entiti provid export opportun explain price conduct price verif preship inspect entiti make allow term sale contract gener applic adjust factor pertain transact factor includ limit commerci level quantiti sale deliveri period condit price escal claus qualiti specif special design featur special ship pack specif order size spot sale season influenc licenc intellectu properti fee servic render part contract customarili invoic separ includ element relat export price contractu relationship export import verif transport charg relat agre price mode transport countri export sale contract price verif purpos sell price countri import good produc countri ii price good export countri countri export iii cost product iv arbitrari fictiti price valu appeal procedur user member ensur preship inspect entiti establish procedur receiv render decis grievanc rais export inform procedur made export accord provis paragraph user member ensur procedur develop maintain accord guidelin preship inspect entiti design offici normal busi hour citi port maintain preship inspect administr offic receiv render decis export appeal grievanc export provid write design offici fact specif transact question natur grievanc suggest solut design offici afford sympathet consider export grievanc render decis receipt document refer subparagraph derog derog provis articl user member provid except part shipment shipment minimum applic shipment defin user member inspect except circumst minimum form part inform furnish export provis paragraph articl oblig export member discriminaton export member ensur law regul relat preship inspect activ appli discriminatori manner transpar export member publish promptli applic law regul relat preship inspect activ manner enabl govern trader acquaint technic assist export member offer provid user member request technic assist direct achiev object agreement mutual agre term articl independ review procedur member encourag preship inspect entiti export mutual resolv disput work dai submiss grievanc accord provis paragraph articl parti refer disput independ review member reason measur ensur procedur establish maintain end procedur administ independ entiti constitut jointli organ repres preship inspect entiti organ repres export purpos agreement independ entiti refer subparagraph establish list expert section member nomin organ repres preship inspect entiti ii section member nomin organ repres export iii section independ trade expert nomin independ entiti refer subparagraph geograph distribut expert list enabl disput rais procedur dealt expediti list drawn month entri forc wto agreement updat annual list publicli notifi secretariat circul member export preship inspect entiti wish rais disput contact independ entiti refer subparagraph request format panel independ entiti respons establish panel panel consist member member panel chosen avoid unnecessari cost delai member chosen section list preship inspect entiti concern provid member affili entiti member chosen section ii list export concern provid member affili export member chosen section iii list independ entiti refer subparagraph object made independ trade expert drawn section iii list independ trade expert drawn section iii list serv chairman panel independ trade expert decis ensur expediti settlement disput panel instanc fact case requir panelist meet meet place take account site inspect question parti disput agre independ trade expert select section iii list independ entiti refer subparagraph review disput question expert decis ensur expediti settlement disput instanc take account site inspect question object review establish inspect disput parti disput compli provis agreement procedur expediti provid opportun parti present view person write decis member panel major vote decis disput render work dai request independ review commun parti disput time limit extend agreement parti disput panel independ trade expert apport cost base merit case decis panel bind preship inspect entiti export parti disput articl notif member submit secretariat copi law regul put agreement forc copi law regul relat preship inspect wto agreement enter forc respect member concern law regul relat preship inspect enforc offici publish notifi secretariat immedi public secretariat inform member avail inform articl review end year date entri forc wto agreement year ministeri confer review provis implement oper agreement take account object thereof experi gain oper result review ministeri confer amend provis agreement articl consult member consult member request respect matter affect oper agreement case provis articl xxii gatt elabor appli disput settlement understand applic agreement articl disput settlement disput member oper agreement subject provis articl xxiii gatt elabor appli disput settlement understand articl final provis member measur implement present agreement member ensur law regul contrari provis agreement agreement rule origin member note minist septemb agre uruguai round multilater trade negoti aim bring liber expans world trade strengthen role gatt increas respons gatt system evolv intern econom environ desir object gatt recogn clear predict rule origin applic facilit flow intern trade desir ensur rule origin creat unneccessari obstacl trade desir ensur rule origin nullifi impair right member gatt recogn desir provid transpar law regul practic rule origin desir ensur rule origin prepar appli imparti transpar predict consist neutral manner recogn avail consult mechan procedur speedi effect equit regul disput aris agreement desir harmon clarifi rule origin agre part definit coverag articl rule origin purpos part iv agreement rule origin defin law regul administr determin gener applic appli member determin countri origin good provid rule origin relat contractu autonom trade regim lead grant tariff prefer applic paragraph articl gatt rule origin refer paragraph includ rule origin preferenti commerci polici instrument applic favour nation treatment articl ii iii xi xiii gatt anti dump countervail duti articl vi gatt safeguard measur articl xix gatt origin mark requir articl ix gatt discriminatori quantit restrict tariff quota includ rule origin govern procur trade statist part ii disciplin govern applic rule origin articl disciplin transit period work programm harmon rule origin set part iv complet member ensur issu administr determin gener applic requir fulfil defin case criterion chang tariff classif appli rule origin except rule subhead head tariff nomenclatur address rule ii case ad valorem percentag criterion appli method calcul percentag rule origin iii case criterion manufactur process oper prescrib oper confer origin good concern precis notwithstand measur instrument commerci polici link rule origin instrument pursu trade object directli indirectli rule origin creat restrict distort disrupt effect intern trade pose unduli strict requir requir fulfil condit relat manufactur process prerequisit determin countri origin cost directli relat manufactur process includ purpos applic ad valorem percentag criterion consist subparagraph rule origin appli import export stringent rule origin appli determin good domest discrimin member irrespect affili manufactur good concern rule origin administ consist uniform imparti reason manner rule origin base posit standard rule origin state confer origin neg standard permiss part clarif posit standard individu case posit determin origin law regul judic decis administr rule gener applic relat rule origin publish subject accord provis paragraph articl gatt request export import person justifi assess origin accord good issu dai request assess provid element submit request assess accept trade good concern begin accept point time assess remain valid year provid fact condit includ rule origin made remain compar provid parti concern inform advanc assess longer valid decis contrari assess made review refer subparagraph assess made publicli subject provis subparagraph introduc rule origin rule origin appli retroact defin prejudic law regul administr action relat determin origin review promptli judici arbitr administr tribun procedur independ author issu determin effect modif revers determin inform natur confidenti provid confidenti basi purpos applic rule origin treat strictli confidenti author concern disclos specif permiss person govern provid inform extent requir disclos context judici proceed articl disciplin transit period take account aim member achiev result harmon work programm set part iv establish harmon rule origin member ensur implement result harmon work programm appli rule origin equal purpos set articl rule origin countri determin origin good countri good wholli obtain countri concern product good countri substanti transform carri rule origin appli import export stringent rule origin appli determin good domest discrimin member irrespect affili manufactur good concern rule origin administ consist uniform imparti reason manner law regul judici decis administr rule gener applic relat rule origin publish subject accord provis paragraph articl gatt request export import person justifi assess origin accord good issu dai request assess provid element submit request assess accept trade good concern begin accept point time assess remain valid year provid fact condit includ rule origin made remain compar provid parti concern inform advanc assess longer valid decis contrari assess made review refer subparagraph assess made publicli subject provis subparagraph introduc rule origin rule origin appli retroact defin prejudic law regul administr action relat determin origin review promptli judici arbitr administr tribun procedur independ author issu determin effect modif revers determin inform natur confidenti provid confidenti basi purpos applic rule origin treat strictli confidenti author concern disclos specif permiss person govern provid inform extent requir disclos context judici proceed part iii procedur arrang notif review consult disput settlement articl institut establish committe rule origin refer agreement committe compos repres member committe elect chairman meet year purpos afford member opportun consult matter relat oper part ii iii iv further object set part carri respons assign agreement council trade good committe request inform advic technic committe refer paragraph matter relat agreement committe request work technic committe consid further abovement object agreement wto secretariat act secretariat committe establish technic committe rule origin refer agreement technic committe auspic custom oper council ccc set annex technic committe carri technic work call part iv prescrib annex technic committe request inform advic committe matter relat agreement technic committe request work committe consid further abovement object agreement ccc secretariat act secretariat technic committe articl inform procedur modif introduct rule origin member provid secretariat dai date entri forc wto agreement rule origin judici decis administr rule gener applic relat rule origin effect date inadvert rule origin provid member concern provid immedi fact list inform receiv secretariat circul member secretariat period refer articl member introduc modif de minimi modif rule origin introduc rule origin purpos articl includ rule origin refer paragraph provid secretariat publish notic effect dai entri forc modifi rule manner enabl interest parti acquaint intent modifi rule origin introduc rule origin except circumst aris threaten aris member except case member publish modifi rule articl review committe review annual implement oper part ii iii agreement regard object committe annual inform council trade good develop period cover review committe review provis part ii iii propos amend reflect result harmon work programm committe cooper technic committe set mechan propos amend result harmon work programm take account object principl set articl includ instanc rule made oper updat account product process affect technolog chang articl consult provis articl xxii gatt elabor appli disput settlement understand applic agreement articl disput settlement provis articl xxiii gatt elabor appli disput settlement understand applic agreement part iv harmon rule origin articl object principl object harmon rule origin inter alia provid certainti conduct world trade ministeri confer undertak work programm set conjunct ccc basi principl rule origin appli equal purpos set articl rule origin provid countri determin origin good countri good wholli obtain countri concern product good countri substanti transform carri rule origin object understand predict notwithstand measur instrument link rule origin instrument pursu trade object directli indirectli creat restrict distort disrupt effect intern trade pose unduli strict requir requir fulfil condit relat manufactur process prerequisit determin countri origin cost directli relat manufactur process includ purpos applic ad valorem percentag criterion rule origin administr consist uniform imparti reason manner rule origin coher rule origin base posit standard neg standard clarifi posit standard work programm work programm initi entri forc wto agreement complet year initi committe technic committe provid articl bodi conduct work provid detail input ccc committe request technic committe provid interpret opinion result work basi principl list paragraph ensur time complet work programm harmon work conduct product sector basi repres chapter section harmon system hs nomenclatur wholli obtain minim oper process technic committe develop harmon definit good consid wholli obtain countri work detail minim oper process confer origin good result work submit committe month receipt request committe ii substanti transform chang tariff classif technic committe elabor basi criterion substanti transform chang tariff subhead head develop rule origin product product sector minimum chang nomenclatur meet criterion technic committe divid work product basi take account chapter section hs nomenclatur submit result work committe quarterli basi technic committe complet work year month receipt request committe iii substanti transform supplementari criteria complet work subparagraph ii product sector individu product categori exclus hs nomenclatur expresson substanti transform technic committe elabor basi criterion substanti transform supplementari exclus manner requir includ ad valorem percentag manufactur process oper develop rule origin product product sector provid explan propos divid work product basi take account chapter section hs nomenclatur submit result work committe quarterli basi technic committe comple work year month receipt request committe role committe basi principl list paragraph committe interpret opinion technic committe period accord time frame provid subparagraph ii iii paragraph view endors interpret opinion committe request technic committe refin elabor work develop approach assist technic committe committe provid reason request addit work suggest altern approach complet work identifi subparagraph ii iii paragraph committe result term coher result harmon work programm subsequ work ministeri confer establish result harmon work programm annex integr part agreement ministeri confer establish time frame entri forc annex annex technic committe rule origin respons respons technic committe includ request member technic committe examin specif technic problem aris dai dai administr rule origin member give advisori opinion solut base fact present furnish inform advic matter origin determin good request member committe prepar circul period report technic aspect oper statu agreement review annual technic aspect implement oper part ii iii technic committe exercis respons committe request technic committe attempt conclud work specif matter refer member committe short period time represent member repres technic committe member nomin deleg altern repres technic committe member repres technic committe hereinaft refer member technic committe repres member technic committe assist advis meet technic committe wto secretariat attend meet observ statu member ccc member wto repres meet technic committe deleg altern repres attend meet technic committe observ subject approv chairman technic committe secretari gener ccc refer annex secretari gener invit repres govern member wto member ccc repres intern government trade organ attend meet technic committe observ nomin deleg altern advis meet technic committe made secretari gener meet technic committe meet year procedur technic committe elect chairman establish procedur annex ii common declar regard preferenti rule origin recogn member appli preferenti rule origin distinct preferenti rule origin member agre purpos common declar preferenti rule origin defin law regul administr determin gener applic appli member determin good qualifi preferenti treatment contractu autonom trade regim lead grant tariff prefer applic paragraph articl gatt member agre ensur issu administr determin gener applic requir fulfil defin case criterion chang tariff classif appli preferenti rule origin except rule subhead head tariff nomenclatur address rule ii case ad valorem percentag criterion appli method calcul percentag preferenti rule origin iii case criterion manufactur process oper prescrib oper confer preferenti origin precis preferenti rule origin base posit standard preferenti rule origin state confer preferenti origin neg standard permiss part clarif posit standard individu case posit determin preferenti origin law regul judici decis administr rule gener applic relat preferenti rule origin publish subject accord provis paragraph articl gatt request export import person justifi assess preferenti origin accord good issu dai request assess provid element submit request assess accept trade good concern begin accept point time assess remain valid year provid fact condit includ preferenti rule origin made remain compar provid parti concern inform advanc assess longer valid decis contrari assess made review refer subparagraph assess made publicli subject provis subparagraph introduc preferenti rule origin preferenti rule origin appli retroact defin prejudic law regul administr action relat determin preferenti origin review promptli judici arbitr administr tribun procedur independ author issu determin effect modif revers determin inform natur confidenti provid confidenti basi purpos applic preferenti rule origin treat strictli confidenti author concern disclos specif permiss person govern provid inform extent requir disclos context judici proceed member agre provid secretariat promptli preferenti rule origin includ list preferenti arrang appli judici decis administr rule gener applic relat preferenti rule origin effect date entri forc wto agreement member concern member agre provid modif preferenti rule origin preferenti rule origin secretariat list inform receiv secretariat circul member secretariat agrem import licens procedur member regard multilater trade negoti desir object gatt take account trade develop financi develop countri member recogn us automat import licens purpos licens restrict trade recogn import licens emploi administ measur adopt pursuant relev provis gatt recogn provis gatt appli import licens procedur desir ensur import licens procedur util manner contrari principl oblig gatt recogn flow intern trade imped inappropri import licens procedur convinc import licens automat import licens implement transpar predict manner recogn automat licens procedur administr burdensom abolut administ relev measur desir simplifi bring transpar administr procedur practic intern trade ensur fair equit applic administr procedur practic desir provid consult mechan speedi effect equit resolut disput aris agreement agre articl gener provis purpos agreement import licens defin administr procedur oper import licens regim requir submiss applic document requir custom purpos relev administr bodi prior condit import custom territori import member member ensur administr procedur implement import licens regim conform relev provis gatt includ annex protocol interpret agreement view prevent trade distort aris inappropri oper procedur take account econom develop purpos financi trade develop countri member rule import licens procedur neutral applic administ fair equit manner rule inform procedur submiss applic includ elig person firm institut make applic administr bodi i approach list product subject licens requir publish sourc notifi committe import licens provid articl refer agreement committe manner enabl govern trader acquaint public place practic dai prior effect date requir event effect date except derog rule licens procedur list product subject import licens publish manner time period copi public made secretariat member make comment write provid opportun discuss comment request concern member give due consider comment result discuss applic form applic renew form simpl document inform consid strictli proper function licens regim requir applic applic procedur applic renew procedur simpl applic allow reason period submiss licenc applic close date period dai provis extens circumst insuffici applic receiv period applic approach administr bodi connect applic strictli indispens approach administr bodi applic approach administr bodi applic refus minor document error alter basic data contain penalti greater serv warn impos respect omiss mistak document procedur made fraudul intent gross neglig licens import refus minor variat quantiti weight amount design licenc due differ occur shipment differ incident bulk load minor differ consist normal commerci practic foreign exchang pai licens import made licenc holder basi import good requir import licenc regard secur except provis articl xxi gatt appli provis agreement requir member disclos confidenti inform imped law enforc contrari public interest prejudic legitim commerci interest enterpris public privat articl automat import licens automat import licens defin import licens approv applic grant case accord requir paragraph provis addit paragraph articl paragraph articl appli automat import licens procedur automat licens procedur administ manner restrict effect import subject automat licens automat licens procedur deem trade restrict effect inter alia person firm institut fulfil legal requir import member engag import oper involv product subject automat licens equal elig appli obtain import licenc ii applic licenc submit work dai prior custom clearanc good iii applic licenc submit complet form approv immedi receipt extent administr feasibl maximum work dai member recogn automat import licens procedur automat import licens maintain long circumst gave rise introduct prevail long underli administr purpos achiev articl automat import licens provis addit paragraph articl appli automat import licens procedur automat import licens procedur defin import licens fall definit contain paragraph articl automat licens trade restrict distort effect import addit caus imposit restrict automat licens procedur correspond scope durat measur implement administr burdensom absolut administ measur case licens requir purpos implement quantit restrict member publish suffici inform member trader basi grant alloc licenc member possibl person firm institut request except derog licens requir includ fact inform publish paragraph articl inform make request extent indic circumst request consid member provid request member interest trade product concern relev inform administr restrict ii import licenc grant recent period iii distribut licenc suppli countri iv practic import statist volum respect product subject import licens develop countri member expect addit administr financi burden account member administ quota mean licens publish amount quota appli quantiti open close date quota chang thereof time period paragraph articl manner enabl govern trader acquaint case quota alloc suppli countri member appli restrict promptli inform member interest suppli product concern share quota alloc quantiti suppli countri publish inform time period paragraph articl manner enabl governmen trader acquaint situat aris make provid earli open date quota inform refer paragraph articl publish time period paragraph articl manner enabl govern trader acquaint person firm institut fulfil legal administr requir import member equal elig appli consid licenc licenc applic approv applic request reason therefor appeal review accord domest legisl procedur import member period process applic reason control member longer dai applic consid receiv serv basi longer dai applic consid simultan case period process applic consid begin dai close date announc applic period period licenc valid reason durat short preclud import period licenc valid preclud import distant sourc special case import meet unforeseen short term requir administ quota member prevent import effect accord issu licenc discourag full util quota issu licenc member account desir issu licenc product econom quantiti alloc licenc member import perform applic regard consider licenc issu applic past fulli util recent repres period case licenc fulli util member examin reason reason consider alloc licenc consider ensur reason distribut licenc import take account desir issu licenc product econom quantiti regard special consider import import product origin develop countri member develop countri member case quota administ licenc alloc suppli countri licenc holder free choos sourc import case quota alloc suppli countri licenc stipul countri countri appli paragraph articl compens adjust made futur licenc alloc import exceed previou licenc level articl institut establish committe import licens compos repres member committe elect chairman vice chairman meet purpos afford member opportun consult matter relat oper agreement further object articl notif member institut licens procedur procedur notifi committe dai public notif institut import licens procedur includ inform list product subject licens procedur contact point inform elig administr bodi i submiss applic date public licens procedur publish indic licens procedur automat automat definit contain articl case automat import licens procedur administr purpos case automat import licens procedur indic measur implement licens procedur expect durat licens procedur estim probabl reason inform provid notif import licens procedur element mention occur member notifi committe public inform requir paragraph articl publish interest member consid member notifi institut licens procedur accord provis paragraph bring matter attent member notif made promptli member notifi licens procedur includ relev inform articl consult disput settlement consult settlement disput respect matter affect oper agreement subject provis articl xxii xxiii gatt elabor appli disput settlement understand articl review committe review year implement oper agreement take account object thereof right oblig contain basi committe review secretariat prepar factual report base inform provid articl respons annual questionnair import licens procedur relev reliabl inform report provid synopsi aforement inform indic develop period review includ inform agre committe member undertak complet annual questionnair import licens procedur promptli full committe inform council trade good develop period cover review articl final provis reserv reserv enter respect provis agreement consent member domest legisl member ensur date entri forc wto agreement conform law regul administr procedur provis agreement member inform committe law regul relev agreement administr law regul agreement subsidi countervail measur member agre part gener provis articl definit subsidi purpos agreement subsidi deem exist financi contribut govern public bodi territori member refer agreement govern govern practic involv direct transfer fund grant loan equiti infus potenti direct transfer fund liabil loan guarante ii govern revenu due foregon collect fiscal incent tax credit iii govern good servic gener infrastructur purchas good iv govern make payment fund mechan entrust direct privat bodi carri type function illustr iii vest govern practic real sens differ practic govern form incom price support sens articl xvi gatt benefit confer subsidi defin paragraph subject provis part ii subject provis part iii subsidi specif accord provis articl articl specif order determin subsidi defin paragraph articl specif enerpris industri group enterpris industri refer agreement enterpris jurisdict grant author principl appli grant author legisl pursuant grant author oper explicitli limit access subsidi enterpris subsidi specif grant author legisl pursuant grant author oper establish object criteria condit govern elig amount subsidi specif exist provid elig automat criteria condit strictli adher criteria condit spell law regul offici document capabl verif notwithstand appear specif result applic principl laid subparagraph reason subsidi fact specif factor consid factor subsidi programm limit number enterpris predomin enterpris grant disproportion larg amount subsidi enterpris manner discret exercis grant author decis grant subsidi appli subparagraph account extent diversif econom activ wihin jurisdict grant author length time subsidi programm oper subsidi limit enterpris locat design geograph region jurisdict grant author specif understood set chang gener applic tax rate level govern entitl deem specif subsidi purpos agreement subsidi fall provis articl deem specif determin specif provis articl substanti basi posit evid part ii prohibit subsidi articl prohibit provid agreement agricultur subsidi wihin mean articl prohibit subsidi conting law fact sole condit export perform includ illustr annex subsidi conting sole condit domest import good member grant maintain subsidi refer paragraph articl remedi member reason prohibit subsidi grant maintain member member request consult member request consult paragraph includ statement evid regard exis natur subsidi question request consult paragraph member believ grant maintain subsidi question enter consult quickli purpos consult clarifi fact situat arriv mutual agre solut mutual agre solut reach dai request consult member parti consult refer matter disput settlement bodi dsb establish panel dsb decid consensu establish panel establish panel request assist perman group expert refer agreement pge regard measur question prohibit subsidi request pge immedi review evid regard exist natur measur question provid opportun member appli maintain measur demonstr measur question prohibit subsidi pge report conclus panel time limit determin panel pge conclus issu measur question prohibit subsidi accept panel modif panel submit final report parti disput report circul member dai date composit establish panel term refer measur question found prohibit subsidi panel recommend subsid member withdraw subsidi delai regard panel recommend time period measur withdrawn dai issuanc panel report member report adopt dsb parti disput formal notifi dsb decis appeal dsb decid consensu adopt report panel report appeal appel bodi issu decis dai date parti disput formal notifi intent appeal appel bodi consid provid report dai inform dsb write reason delai estim period submit report case proceed exce dai apel report adopt dsb uncondition accept parti disput dsb decid consensu adopt appel report dai issuanc member event recommend dsb time period panel commenc date adopt panel report appel bodi report dsb grant author complain member counter measur dsb decid consensu reject request event parti disput request arbitr paragraph articl disput settlement understand dsu arbitr determin counter measur purpos disput conduct pursuant articl time period specif prescrib articl time period applic dsu conduct disput half time prescrib part iii action subsidi articl advers effect member subsidi refer paragraph articl advers effect interest member injuri domest industri member nullif impair benefit accru directli indirectli member gatt benefit concess bound articl ii gatt prejudic interest member articl appli subsidi maintain agricultur product provid articl agreement agricultur articl prejudic prejudic sens paragraph articl deem exist case total ad valorem subsid product exceed cent subsidi cover oper loss sustain industri subsidi cover oper loss sustain enterpris time measur recurr repeat enterpris provid time develop long term solut avoid acut social problem direct forgiv debt forgiv govern held debt grant cover debt repay notwithstand provis paragraph prejudic found subsid member demonstr subsidi question result effect enumer paragraph prejudic sens paragraph articl aris case appli effect subsidi displac imped import product member market subsid member effect subsidi displac imped export product member countri market effect subsidi signific price undercut subsid product compar price product member market signific price suppress price depress lost sale market effect subsidi increas world market share subsid member subsid primari product commod compar averag share previou period year increas consist trend period subsidi grant purpos paragraph displac imped export includ case subject provis paragraph demonstr chang rel share market disadvantag subsid product appropri repres period suffici demonstr clear trend develop market product concern normal circumst year chang rel share market includ situat increas market share subsid product market share subsid product remain constant circumst absenc subsidi declin market share subsid product declin slower rate case absenc subsidi purpos paragraph price undercut includ case price undercut demonstr comparison price subsid product price subsid product suppli market comparison made level trade compar time due account factor affect price compar direct comparison exist price undercut demonstr basi export unit valu member market prejudic alleg arisen subject provis paragraph annex make parti disput aris articl panel establish pursuant paragraph articl relev inform obtain market share parti disput price product involv displac impedi result prejudic aris paragraph circumst exist relev period prohibit restrict export product complain member import complain member countri market concern decis import govern oper monopoli trade state trade product concern shift commerci reason import complain member countri countri natur disast strike transport disrupt forc majeur substanti affect product qualiti quantiti price product export complain member exist arrang limit export complain member voluntari decreas avail export product concern complain member includ inter alia situat firm complain member autonom alloc export product market failur conform standard regulatori requir import countri absenc circumst refer paragraph exist prejudic determin basi inform submit obtain panel includ inform submit accord provis annex articl appli subsidi maintain agricultur product provid articl agreement agricultur articl remedi provid articl agreement agricultur member reason subsidi refer articl grant maintain member result injuri domest industri nullif impair prejudic member request consult member request consult paragraph includ statement evid regard exist natur subsidi question injuri caus domest industri nullif impair prejudic caus interest member request consult request consult paragraph member believ grant maintain subsidi practic question enter consult quickli purpos consult clarifi fact situat arriv mutual agre solut consult result mutual agre solut dai member parti consult refer matter dsb establish panel dsb decid consensu establish panel composit panel term refer establish dai date establish panel review matter submit final report parti disput report circul member dai date composit establish panel term refer dai issuanc panel report member report adopt dsb parti disput formal notifi dsb decis appeal dsb decid consensu adopt report panel report appeal appel bodi issu decis dai date parti disput formal notifi intent appeal appel bodi consid provid report dai inform dsb write reason delai estim period submit report case proceed exce dai appel report adopt dsb uncondition accept parti disput dsb decid consensu adopt appel report dai issuanc member panel report appel bodi report adopt determin subsidi result advers effect interest member mean articl member grant maintain subsidi step remov advers effect withdraw subsidi event member step remov advers effect subsidi withdraw subsidi month date dsb adopt panel report appel bodi report absenc agreement compens dsb grant author complain member counter measur commensur degre natur advers effect determin exist dsb decid consensu reject request event parti disput request arbitr paragraph articl dsu arbitr determin counter measur commensur degre natur advers effect determin exist part iv action subsidi articl identif action subsidi subsidi consid action subsidi specif mean articl subsidi specif mean articl meet condit provid paragraph notwithstand provis part iii subsidi action assist research activ conduct firm higher educ research establish contract basi firm assist cover cent cost industri research cent cost pre competit develop activ provid assist limit exclus cost personnel research technician support staff emploi exclus research activ ii cost instrument equip land build exclus perman dispos commerci basi research activ iii cost consult equival servic exclus research activ includ bought research technic knowledg patent iv addit overhead cost incur directli result research activ run cost materi suppli incur directli result research activ assist disadvantag region territori member pursuant gener framework region develop specif mean articl elig region provid disadvantag region design contigu geograph area defin econom administr ident ii region consid disadvantag basi neutral object criteria indic region difficulti aris temporari circumst criteria spell law regul offici document capabl verif iii criteria includ measur econom develop base factor incom capita household incom capita gdp capita cent averag territori concern unemploy rate cent averag territori concern measur year period measur composit includ factor assist promot adapt exist facil environment requir impos law regul result greater constraint financi burden firm provid assist time recur measur ii limit cent cost adapt iii cover cost replac oper assist invest fulli born firm iv directli link proportion firm plan reduct nuisanc pollut cover manufactur cost save achiev firm adopt equip product process subsidi programm provis paragraph invok notifi advanc implement committe accord provis part vii notif suffici precis enabl member evalu consist programm condit criteria provid relev provis paragraph member provid committe yearli updat notif suppli inform global expenditur programm modif programm member request inform individu case subsid notifi programm request member secretariat review notif made pursuant paragraph requir addit inform subsid member notifi programm review secretariat report find committe committe request promptli review find secretariat review secretariat request notif view determin condit criteria laid paragraph met procedur provid paragraph complet latest regular meet committe notif subsidi programm provid month elaps notif regular meet committe review procedur paragraph appli request substanti modif programm notifi yearli updat refer paragraph request member determin committe refer paragraph failur committe make determin violat individu case condit set notifi programm submit bind arbitr arbitr bodi present conclus member dai date matter refer arbitr bodi provid paragraph dsu appli arbitr conduct paragraph articl consult author remedi implement programm refer paragraph articl notwithstand fact programm consist criteria laid paragraph member reason programm result advers effect domest industri member damag difficult repair member request consult member grant maintain subsidi request consult paragraph member grant maintain subsidi programm question enter consult quickli purpos consult clarifi fact situat arriv mutual accept solut mutual accept solut reach consult paragraph dai request consult request member refer matter committe matter refer committe committe immedi review fact involv evid effect refer paragraph committe determin effect exist recommend subsid member modifi programm remov effect committe present conclus dai date matter refer paragraph event recommend month committe author request member counter measur commensur natur degre effect determin exist part countervail measur articl applic articl vi gatt member step ensur imposit countervail duti product territori member import territori member accord provis articl vi gatt term agreement countervail duti impos pursuant investig initi conduct accord provis agreement agreement agricultur articl initi subsequ investig provid paragraph investig determin exist degre effect alleg subsidi initi written applic behalf domest industri applic paragraph includ suffici evid exist subsidi amount injuri mean articl vi gatt interpret agreement causal link subsid import alleg injuri simpl assert unsubstanti relev evid consid suffici meet requir paragraph applic inform applic ident applic descript volum domest product product applic written applic made behalf domest industri applic identifi industri behalf applic made list domest produc product associ domest produc product extent descript volum domest product product account produc ii complet descript allegedli subsid product name countri countri origin export question ident export foreign produc list person import product question iii evid regard exist amount natur subsidi question iv evid alleg injuri domest industri caus subsid import effect subsidi evid includ inform evolut volum allegedli subsid import effect import price product domest market consequ impact import domest industri demonstr relev factor indic bear state domest industri list paragraph articl author review accuraci adequaci evid provid applic determin evid suffici justifi initi investig investig initi pursuant paragraph author determin basi examin degre support opposit applic express domest produc product applic made behalf domest industri applic consid made behalf domest industri support domest produc collect output constitut cent total product product produc portion domest industri express support opposit applic investig initi domest produc expressli support applic account cent total product product produc domest industri author avoid decis made initi investig public applic initi investig special circumst author concern decid initi investig receiv written applic behalf domest industri initi investig proce suffici evid exist subsidi injuri causal link paragraph justifi initi investigt evid subsidi injuri consid simultan decis initi investig investig start date earliest date accord provis agreement provision measur appli case product import directli countri origin export import member intermedi countri provis agreement fulli applic transact transact purpos agreement regard place countri origin import member applic paragraph reject investig termin promptli author concern satisfi suffici evid subsid injuri justifi proceed case termin case amount subsidi de minimi volum subsid import actual potenti injuri neglig purpos paragraph amount subsidi consid de minimi subsidi cent ad valorem investig hinder procedur custom clearanc investig special circumst conclud year case month initi articl evid interest member interest parti countervail duti investig notic inform author requir ampl opportun present write evid relev respect investig question export foreign produc interest member receiv questionnair countervail duti investig dai repli due consider request extens dai period shown extens grant practic subject requir protect confidenti inform evid present write interest member interest parti made promptli interest member interest parti particip investig investig initi author provid full text written applic receiv paragraph articl export author export member make request interest parti involv due regard paid protect confidenti inform provid paragraph interest member interest parti justif present inform oral inform provid oral interest member interest parti subsequ requir reduc submiss write decis investig author base inform argument written record author interest member interest parti particip investig due account protect confidenti inform author practic provid time opportun interest member interest parti inform relev present case confidenti defin paragraph author countervail duti investig prepar present basi inform inform natur confidenti disclosur signific competit advantag competitor disclosur significantli advers effect person suppli inform person supplier acquir inform provid confidenti basi parti investig good shown treat author inform disclos specif permiss parti submit author requir interest member interest parti provid confidenti inform furnish confidenti summari thereof summari suffici detail permit reason understand substanc inform submit confid except circumst member parti inform suscept summari except circumst statement reason summar provid author find request confidenti warrant supplier inform unwil make inform public author disclosur gener summari form author disregard inform demonstr satisfact sourc inform correct circumst provid paragraph author investig satisfi accuraci inform suppli interest member interest parti find base investig author carri investig territori member requir provid notifi good time member question member object investig investig author carri investig premis firm examin record firm firm agre member question notifi object procedur set annex vi appli investig premis firm subject requir protect confidenti inform author make result investig provid disclosur thereof pursuant paragraph firm pertain make result applic case interest member interest parti refus access provid inform reason period significantli imped investig preliminari final determin affirm neg made basi fact author final determin made inform interest member interest parti essenti fact consider form basi decis appli definit measur disclosur place suffici time parti defend interest purpos agreement interest parti includ export foreign produc import product subject investig trade busi associ major member produc export import product ii produc product import member trade busi associ major member produc product territori import member list preclud member allow domest foreign parti mention includ interest parti author provid opportun industri user product investig repres consum organ case product commonli sold retail level provid inform relev investig subsid injuri causal author due account difficulti experienc interest parti small compani suppli inform request provid assist practic procedur set intend prevent author member proceed expediti regard initi investig reach preliminari final determin affirm neg appli provision final measur accord relev provis agreement articl consult applic articl accept event initi investig member product subject investig invit consult aim clarifi situat matter refer paragraph articl arriv mutual agre solut period investig member product subject investig afford reason opportun continu consult view clarifi factual situat arriv mutual agre solut prejudic oblig afford reason opportun consult provis consult intend prevent author member proceed expediti regard initi investig reach preliminari final determin affirm neg appli provision final measur accord provis agreement member intend initi investig conduct investig permit request member member product subject investig access confidenti evid includ confidenti summari confidenti data initi conduct investig articl calcul amount subsidi term benefit recipi purpos part method investig author calcul benefit recipi confer pursuant paragraph articl provid nation legisl implement regul member concern applic case transpar adequ explain method consist guidelin govern provis equiti capit consid confer benefit invest decis regard inconsist usual invest practic includ provis risk capit privat investor territori member loan govern consid confer benefit differ amount firm receiv loan pai govern loan amount firm pai compar commerci loan firm obtain market case benefit differ amount loan guarante govern consid confer benefit differ amount firm receiv guarante pai loan guarante govern amount firm pai compar commerci loan absent govern guarante case benefit differ amount adjust differ fee provis good servic purchas good govern consid confer benefit provis made adequ remuner purchas made adequ remuner adequaci remuner determin relat prevail market condit good servic question countri provis purchas includ price qualiti avail market transport condit purchas sale articl determin injuri determin injuri purpos articl vi gatt base posit evid involv object examin volum subsid import effect subsid import price domest market product consequ impact import domest produc product regard volum subsid import investig author signific increas subsid import absolut term rel product consumpt import member regard effect subsid import price investig author signific price undercut subsid import compar price product import member effect import depress price signific degre prevent price increas occur signific degre factor necessarili give decis guidanc import product countri simultan subject countervail duti investig investig author cumul assess effect import determin amount subsid establish relat import countri de minimi defin paragraph articl volum import countri neglig cumul assess effect import light condit competit import product condit competit import product domest product examin impact subsid import domest industri includ evalu relev econom factor indic bear state industri includ actual potenti declin output sale market share profit product return invest util capac factor affect domest price actual potenti neg effect cash flow inventori employ wage growth abil rais capit invest case agricultur increas burden govern support programm list exhaust factor necessarili give decis guidanc demonstr subsid import effect subsidi caus injuri mean agreement demonstr causal relationship subsid import injuri domest industri base examin relev evid author author examin factor subsid import time injur domest industri injuri caus factor attribut subsid import factor relev respect includ inter alia volum price subsid import product question contract demand pattern consumpt trade restrict practic competit foreign domest produc develop technolog export perform product domest industri effect subsid import assess relat domest product product data permit separ identif product basi criteria product process produc sale profit separ identif product effect subsid import assess examin product narrowest group rang product includ product inform provid determin threat materi injuri base fact alleg conjectur remot possibl chang circumst creat situat subsidi injuri foreseen immin make determin exist threat materi injuri investig author inter alia factor natur subsidi subsidi question trade effect aris therefrom ii signific rate increas subsid import domest market indic likelihood substanti increas import iii suffici freeli dispos immin substanti increas capac export indic likelihood substanti increas subsid export import member market take account avail export market absorb addit export iv import enter price signific depress suppress effect domest price increas demand import inventori product investig factor necessarili give decis guidanc total factor consid lead conclus subsid export immin protect action materi injuri occur respect case injuri threaten subsid import applic countervail measur consid decid special care articl definit domest industri purpos agreement term domest industri provid paragraph interpret refer domest produc product collect output product constitut major proport total domest product product produc relat export import import allegedli subsid product product countri term domest industri interpret refer rest produc except circumst territori member product question divid competit market produc market regard separ industri produc market sell product product question market demand market substanti degre suppli produc product question locat territori circumst injuri found exist major portion total domest industri injur provid concentr subsid import isol market provid subsid import caus injuri produc product market domest industri interpret refer produc area market defin paragraph countervail duti levi product question consign final consumpt area constitut law import member permit levi countervail duti basi import member levi countervail duti limit export opportun ceas export subsid price area concern give assur pursuant articl adequ assur regard promptli duti levi product specif produc suppli area question countri reach provis paragraph articl xxiv gatt level integr characterist singl unifi market industri entir area integr domest industri refer paragraph provis paragraph articl applic articl articl provision measur provision measur appli investig initi accord provis articl public notic effect interest member interest parti adequ opportun submit inform make comment preliminari affirm determin made subsidi exist injuri domest industri caus subsid import author concern judg measur prevent injuri caus investig provision measur form provision countervail duti guarante cash deposit bond equal amount provision calcul amount subsid provision measur appli sooner dai date initi investig applic provision measur limit short period exceed month relev provis articl applic provision measur articl undertak proceed suspend termin imposit provision measur countervail duti receipt satisfactori voluntari undertak govern export member agre elimin limit subsidi measur effect export agre revis price investig author satisfi injuri effect subsidi elimin price increas undertak higher elimin amount subsidi desir price increas amount subsidi increas adequ remov injuri domest industri undertak sought accept author import member made preliminari affirm determin subsid injuri caus subsid case undertak export obtain consent export member undertak offer accept author import member accept impract number actual potenti export great reason includ reason gener polici case aris practic author provid export reason led accept undertak inappropri extent give export opportun make comment thereon undertak accept investig subsid injuri complet export member desir import member decid case neg determin subsid injuri made undertak automat laps case determin due larg part exist undertak case author concern requir undertak maintain reason period consist provis agreement event affirm determin subsid injuri made undertak continu consist term provis agreement price undertak suggest author import member export forc enter undertak fact govern export offer undertak accept invit prejudic consider case author free determin threat injuri realiz subsid import continu author import member requir govern export undertak accept provid period inform relev fulfil undertak permit verif pertin data case violat undertak author import member agreement conform provis expediti action constitut applic provision measur inform case definit duti levi accord agreement product enter consumpt dai applic provision measur retroact assess appli import enter violat undertak articl imposit collect countervail duti reason effort made complet consult member make final determin exist amount subsidi effect subsidi subsid import caus injuri impos countervail duti accord provis articl subsidi subsidi withdrawn decis impos countervail duti case requir imposit fulfil decis amount countervail duti impos full amount subsidi decis made author import member desir imposit permiss territori member duti total amount subsidi lesser duti adequ remov injuri domest industri procedur establish author concern due account represent made domest interest parti interest advers affect imposit countervail duti countervail duti impos respect product countervail duti levi amount case discriminatori basi import product sourc found subsid caus injuri import sourc renounc subsidi question undertak term agreement accept export export subject definit countervail duti investig reason refus cooper entitl expedit review order investig author promptli establish individu countervail duti rate export countervail duti levi import product excess amount subsidi found exist calcul term subsid unit subsid export product articl retroact provision measur countervail duti appli product enter consumpt time decis paragraph articl paragraph articl enter forc subject except set articl final determin injuri threat thereof materi retard establish industri made case final determin threat injuri effect subsid import absenc provision measur led determin injuri countervail duti levi retroact period provision measur appli definit countervail duti higher amount guarante cash deposit bond differ collect definit duti amount guarante cash deposit bond excess amount reimburs bond releas expediti manner provid paragraph determin threat injuri materi retard made injuri occur definit countervail duti impos date determin threat injuri materi retard cash deposit made period applic provision measur refund bond releas expediti manner final determin neg cash deposit made period applic provision measur refund bond releas expediti manner critic circumst subsid product question author find injuri difficult repair caus massiv import short period product benefit subsidi paid bestow inconsist provis gatt agreement deem order preclud recurr injuri assess countervail duti retroact import definit countervail duti assess import enter consumpt dai prior date applic provision measur articl durat review countervail duti undertak countervail duti remain forc long extent counteract subsid caus injuri author review continu imposit duti warrant initi provid reason period time elaps imposit definit countervail duti request interest parti submit posit inform substanti review interest parti request author examin continu imposit duti offset subsid injuri continu recur duti remov vari result review paragraph author determin countervail duti longer warrant termin immedi notwithstand provis paragraph definit countervail duti termin date year imposit date recent review paragraph review cover subsid injuri paragraph author determin review initi date initi duli substanti request made behalf domest industri reason period time prior date expiri duti lead continu recurr subsid injuri duti remain forc pend outcom review provis articl evid procedur appli review carri articl review carri expediti conclud month date initi review provis articl appli mutati mutandi undertak accept articl articl public notic explan determin author satisfi suffici evid justifi initi investig pursuant articl member member product subject investig interest parti investig author interest notifi public notic public notic initi investig make separ report adequ inform export countri countri product involv ii date initi investig iii descript subsidi practic practic investig iv summari factor alleg injuri base address represent interest member interest parti direct vi time limit allow interest member interest parti make view public notic preliminari final determin affirm neg decis accept undertak pursuant articl termin undertak termin definit countervail duti notic set make separ report suffici detail find conclus reach issu fact law consid materi investig author notic report forward member member product subject determin undertak interest parti interest public notic imposit provision measur set make separ report suffici detail explan preliminari determin exist subsidi injuri refer matter fact law led argument accept reject notic report due regard paid requir protect confidenti inform name supplier impractic suppli countri involv ii descript product suffici custom purpos iii amount subsidi establish basi exist subsidi determin iv consider relev injuri determin set articl main reason lead determin public notic conclus suspens investig case affirm determin provid imposit definit duti accept undertak make separ report relev inform matter fact law reason led imposit final measur accept undertak due regard paid requir protect confidenti inform notic report inform paragraph reason accept reject relev argument claim made interest member export import public notic termin suspens investig accept undertak pursuant articl includ make separ report confidenti part undertak provis articl appli mutati mutandi initi complet review pursuant articl decis articl appli duti retroact articl judici review member nation legisl provis countervail duti measur maintain judici arbitr administr tribun procedur purpos inter alia prompt review administr action relat final determin review determin mean articl tribun procedur independ author respons determin review question provid interest parti particip administr proceed directli individu affect administr action access review part vi institut articl committe subsidi countervail measur subsidiari bodi establish committe subsidi countervail measur compos repres member committe elect chairman meet year envisag relev provis agreement request member committe carri respons assign agreement member afford member opportun consult matter relat oper agreement further object wto secretariat act secretariat committe committe set subsidiari bodi committe establish perman group expert compos independ person highli qualifi field subsidi trade relat expert elect committe replac year pge request assist panel provid paragraph articl committe seek advisori opinion exist natur subsidi pge consult member give advisori opinion natur subsidi propos introduc maintain member advisori opinion confidenti invok proceed articl carri function committe subsidiari bodi consult seek inform sourc deem committe subsidiari bodi seek inform sourc jurisdict member inform member involv part vii notif surveil articl notif member agre prejudic provis paragraph articl xvi gatt notif subsidi submit june year conform provis paragraph member notifi subsidi defin paragraph articl specif mean articl grant maintain territori content notif suffici specif enabl member evalu trade effect understand oper notifi subsidi programm connect prejudic content form questionnair subsidi member ensur notif inform form subsidi grant loan tax concess ii subsidi unit case total amount annual amount budget subsidi indic averag subsidi unit previou year iii polici object purpos subsidi iv durat subsidi time limit attach statist data permit assess trade effect subsidi specif point paragraph address notif explan provid notif subsidi grant specif product sector notif organ product sector member measur territori requir notif paragraph articl xvi gatt agreement inform secretariat write member recogn notif measur prejudg legal statu gatt agreement effect agreement natur measur member time make written request inform natur extent subsidi grant maintain member includ subsidi refer part iv explan reason specif measur consid subject requir notif member request provid inform quickli comprehens manner readi request provid addit inform request member provid suffici detail enabl member assess complianc term agreement member consid inform provid bring matter attent committe member consid measur member effect subsidi notifi accord provis paragraph articl xvi gatt articl bring matter attent member alleg subsidi notifi promptli member bring alleg subsidi question notic committe member report delai committe preliminari final action respect countervail duti report secretariat inspect member member submit semi annual basi report countervail duti action preced month semi annual report submit agre standard form member notifi committe author compet initi conduct investig refer articl domest procedur govern initi conduct investig articl surveil committe examin full notif submit paragraph articl xvi gatt paragraph articl agreement special session held year notif submit interven year updat notif examin regular meet committe committe examin report submit paragraph articl regular meet committe part viii develop countri member articl special differenti treatment develop countri member member recogn subsidi plai import role econom develop programm develop countri member prohibit paragraph articl appli develop countri member refer annex vii develop countri member period year date entri forc wto agreement subject complianc provis paragraph prohibit paragraph articl appli develop countri member period year appli leastdevelop countri member period year date entri forc wto agreement develop countri member refer paragraph phase export subsidi year period prefer progress manner develop countri member increas level export subsidi elimin period shorter provid paragraph export subsidi inconsist develop develop countri member deem appli subsidi year period year expiri period enter consult committe determin extens period justifi examin relev econom financi develop develop countri member question committe determin excess justifi develop countri member concern hold annual consult committe determin necess maintain subsidi determin made committe develop countri member phase remain export subsidi year end author period develop countri member reach export competit product phase export subsidi product period year develop countri member refer annex vii reach export competit product export subsidi product gradual phase period year export competit product exist develop countri member export product reach share cent world trade product consecut calendar year export competit exist basi notif develop countri member reach export competit basi comput undertaken secretariat request member purpos paragraph product defin section head harmon system nomenclatur committe review oper provis year date entri forc wto agreement provis articl appli develop countri member case export subsidi conform provis paragraph relev provis case articl presumpt term paragraph articl subsidi grant develop countri member result prejudic defin agreement prejudic applic term paragraph demonstr posit evid accord provis paragraph articl action subsidi grant maintain develop countri member refer paragraph articl action author articl nullif impair tariff concess oblig gatt found exist result subsidi displac imped import product member market subsid develop countri member injuri domest industri market import member occur countervail duti investig product origin develop countri member termin author concern determin level subsidi grant product question exce cent calcul unit basi volum subsid import repres cent total import product import member import develop countri member individu share total import repres cent collect account cent total import product import member develop countri member scope paragraph elimin export subsidi prior expiri period year date entri forc wto agreement develop countri member refer annex vii number paragraph cent cent provis appli date elimin export subsidi notifi committe long export subsidi grant notifi develop countri member provis expir year date entri forc wto agreement provis paragraph govern determin de minimi paragraph articl provis part iii appli direct forgiv debt subsidi cover social cost form includ relinquish govern revenu transfer liabil subsidi grant directli link privat programm develop countri member provid programm subsidi involv grant limit period notifi committe programm result eventu privat enterpris concern committe request interest member undertak review specif export subsidi practic develop countri member examin practic conform develop committe request interest develop countri member undertak review specif countervail measur examin consist provis paragraph applic develop countri member question part ix transit arrang articl exist programm subsidi programm establish territori member date member sign wto agreement inconsist provis agreement notifi committe dai date entri forc wto agreement member brought conform provis agreement year date entri forc wto agreement member subject part ii member extend scope programm programm renew expiri articl transform market economi member process transform central plan market free enterpris economi appli programm measur transform member subsidi programm fall scope articl notifi paragraph phase brought conform articl period year date entri forc wto agreement case articl appli addit period subsidi programm fall scope paragraph articl action articl respect action subsidi provis paragraph articl appli subsidi programm fall scope articl notifi committe earliest practic date date entri forc wto agreement notif subsidi made year date entri forc wto agreement except circumst member refer paragraph departur notifi programm measur time frame committe departur deem process transform part disput settlement articl provis articl xxii xxiii gatt elabor appli disput settlement understand appli consult settlement disput agreement specif provid part xi final provis articl provision applic provis paragraph articl provis articl articl appli period year begin date entri forc wto agreement dai end period committe review oper provis view determin extend applic present draft modifi form period articl final provis specif action subsidi member accord provis gatt interpret agreement reserv enter respect provis agreement consent member subject paragraph provis agreement appli investig review exist measur initi pursuant applic made date entri forc member wto agreement purpos paragraph articl exist countervail measur deem impos date date entri forc member wto agreement case domest legisl member forc date includ claus type provid paragraph member step gener charact ensur date entri forc wto agreement conform law regul administr procedur provis agreement appli member question member inform committe law regul relev agreement administr law regul committe review annual implement oper agreement take account object thereof committe inform annual council trade good develop period cover review annex agreement constitut integr part thereof annex illustr list export subsidi provis govern direct subsidi firm industri conting export perform currenc retent scheme similar practic involv bonu export intern transport freight charg export shipment provid mandat govern term favour domest shipment provis govern agenc directli indirectli govern mandat scheme import domest product servic product export good term condit favour provis directli competit product servic product good domest consumpt case product term condit favour commerci world market export full partial exempt remiss deferr specif relat export direct tax social welfar charg paid payabl industri commerci enterpris allow special deduct directli relat export export perform grant respect product domest consumpt calcul base direct tax charg exempt remiss respect product distribut export product indirect tax excess levi respect product distribut product sold domest consumpt exempt remiss deferr prior stage cumul indirect tax good servic product export product excess exempt remiss deferr prior stage cumul indirect tax good servic product product sold domest consumpt provid prior stage cumul indirect tax exempt remit defer export product exempt remit defer product sold domest consumpt prior stage cumul indirect tax levi input consum product export product make normal allow wast item interpret accord guidelin consumpt input product process contain annex ii remiss drawback import charg excess levi import input consum product export product make normal allow wast provid case firm quantiti home market input equal qualiti characterist import input substitut order benefit provis import export oper occur reason time period exce year item interpret accord guidelin consumpt input product process contain annex ii guidelin determin substitut drawback system export subsidi contain annex iii provis govern special institut control govern export credit guarante insur programm insur guarante programm increas cost export product exchang risk programm premium rate inadequ cover long term oper cost loss programm grant govern special institut control act author govern export credit rate pai fund emploi pai borrow intern capit market order obtain fund matur credit term denomin currenc export credit payment part cost incur export financi institut obtain credit secur materi advantag field export credit term provid member parti intern undertak offici export credit twelv origin member agreement parti januari successor undertak adopt origin member practic member appli interest rate provis relev undertak export credit practic conform provis consid export subsidi prohibit agreement charg public account constitut export subsidi sens articl xvi gatt annex ii guidelin consumpt input product process indirect tax rebat scheme exempt remiss deferr prior stage cumul indirect tax levi input consum product export product make normal allow wast similarli drawback scheme remiss drawback import charg levi input consum product export product make normal allow wast illustr list export subsidi annex agreement make refer term input consum product export product paragraph pursuant paragraph indirect tax rebat scheme constitut export subsidi extent result exempt remiss deferr prior stage cumul indirect tax excess amount tax levi input consum product export product pursuant paragraph drawback scheme constitut export subsidi extent result remiss drawback import charg excess levi input consum product export product paragraph stipul normal allow wast made find consumpt input product export product paragraph substitut ii examin input consum product export product part countervail duti investig pursuant agreement investig author proce basi alleg indirect tax rebat scheme drawback scheme convei subsidi reason rebat excess drawback indirect tax import charg input consum product export product investig author determin govern export member place appli system procedur confirm input consum product export product amount system procedur determin appli investig author examin system procedur reason effect purpos intend base gener accept commerci practic countri export investig author deem carri accord paragraph articl practic test order verifi inform satisfi system procedur effect appli system procedur reason institut consid reason found appli appli effect examin export member base actual input involv carri context determin excess payment occur investig author deem examin carri accord paragraph investig author treat input physic incorpor input product process physic present product export member note input present final product form enter product process determin amount input consum product export product normal allow wast account wast treat consum product export product term wast refer portion input serv independ function product process consum product export product reason ineffici recov sold manufactur investig author determin claim allow wast normal account product process averag experi industri countri export technic factor investig author bear mind import question author export member calcul amount wast amount intend includ tax duti rebat remiss annex iii guidelin determin substitut drawback system export subsidi drawback system refund drawback import charg input consum product process product export product domest input qualiti characterist substitut import input pursuant paragraph illustr list export subsidi annex substitut drawback system constitut export subsidi extent result excess drawback import charg levi initi import input drawback claim ii examin substitut drawback system part countervail duti investig pursuant agreement investig author proce basi paragraph illustr list stipul home market input substitut import input product product export provid input equal quantiti qualiti characterist import input substitut exist verif system procedur import enabl govern export member ensur demonstr quantiti input drawback claim exce quantiti similar product export form drawback import charg excess origin levi import input question alleg substitut drawback system convei subsidi investig author proce determin govern export member place appli verif system procedur system procedur determin appli investig author examin verif procedur reason effect purpos intend base gener accept commerci practic countri export extent procedur determin meet test effect appli subsidi presum exist deem investig author carri accord paragraph articl practic test order verifi inform satisfi verif procedur effect appli verif procedur reason procedur institut consid reason found appli appli effect subsidi case examin export member base actual transact involv carri determin excess payment occur investig author deem examin carri accord paragraph exist substitut drawback provis export allow select import shipment drawback claim consid convei subsidi excess drawback import charg sens paragraph deem exist govern paid interest moni refund drawback scheme extent interest paid payabl annex iv calcul total ad valorem subsid paragraph articl calcul amount subsidi purpos paragraph articl term cost grant govern provid paragraph determin rate subsid exce cent product product calcul total recipi firm sale recent month period sale data preced period subsidi grant subsidi ti product sale product product calcul total recipi firm sale product recent month period sale data preced period subsidi grant recipi firm start situat prejudic deem exist rate subsid exce cent total fund invest purpos paragraph start period extend year product recipi firm locat inflationari economi countri product calcul recipi firm total sale sale relev product subsidi ti preced calendar year index rate inflat experienc month preced month subsidi determin rate subsid year subsidi programm author territori member aggreg subsidi grant prior date entri forc wto agreement benefit alloc futur product includ rate subsid subsidi action relev provis agreement includ calcul amount subsidi purpos paragraph articl annex procedur develop inform prejudic member cooper develop evid examin panel procedur paragraph articl parti disput countri member concern notifi dsb provis paragraph articl invok organ respons administr provis territori procedur compli request inform case matter refer dsb paragraph articl dsb request initi procedur obtain inform govern subsid member establish exist amount subsid total sale subsid firm inform analyz advers effect caus subsid product process includ present question govern subsid member complain member collect inform clarifi obtain elabor inform parti disput notif procedur set part vii case effect countri market parti disput collect inform includ question govern countri member analyz advers effect complain member subsid member requir administ impos unreason burden countri member member expect make market price analysi special purpos inform suppli readili obtain member recent statist gather relev statist servic publish custom data import declar valu product concern parti disput undertak detail market analysi expens task person firm conduct analysi facilit author countri member person firm access inform maintain confidenti govern dsb design repres serv function facilit inform gather process sole purpos repres ensur time develop inform facilit expediti subsequ multilater review disput repres suggest wai effici solicit inform encourag cooper parti inform gather process outlin paragraph complet dai date matter refer dsb paragraph articl inform obtain process submit panel establish dsb accord provis part inform includ inter alia data amount subsidi question total sale subsid firm price subsid product price subsid product price supplier market suppli subsid product market question market share includ rebutt evid supplement inform panel deem relev reach conclus subsid countri member fail cooper inform gather process complain member present case prejudic base evid fact circumst cooper subsid countri member inform unavail due cooper subsid countri member panel complet record reli inform make determin panel draw advers infer instanc cooper parti involv inform gather process make determin inform advers infer panel advic dsb repres nomin paragraph reason request inform effort made parti compli request cooper time manner inform gather process limit abil panel seek addit inform deem essenti proper resolut disput adequ sought develop process ordinarili panel request addit inform complet record inform support parti posit absenc inform record result unreason cooper parti inform gather process annex vi procedur spot investig pursuant paragraph articl initi investig author export member firm concern inform intent carri spot investig except circumst intend includ government expert investig team firm author export member inform government expert subject effect sanction breach confidenti requir standard practic obtain explicit agreement firm concern export member visit final schedul agreement firm concern obtain investig author notifi author export member name address firm visit date agre suffici advanc notic firm question visit made visit explain questionnair made request export firm case request investig author place dispos firm visit made author import member notifi repres govern member question object visit main purpos spot investig verifi inform provid obtain detail carri respons questionnair receiv firm agre contrari govern export member inform investig author anticip visit object standard practic prior visit advis firm concern gener natur inform verifi inform provid preclud request made spot detail provid light inform obtain enquiri question put author firm export member essenti success spot investig answer visit made annex vii develop countri member refer paragraph articl develop countri member subject provis paragraph articl term paragraph articl develop countri design unit nation member wto develop countri member wto subject provis applic develop countri member paragraph articl gnp capita reach annum bolivia cameroon congo côte ivoir dominican republ egypt ghana guatemala guyana india indonesia kenya morocco nigaragua nigeria pakistan philippin seneg sri lanka zimbabw agreement safeguard member mind object member improv strengthen intern trade system base gatt recogn clarifi reinforc disciplin gatt specif articl xix emerg action import product establish multilater control safeguard elimin measur escap control recogn import structur adjust enhanc limit competit intern market recogn purpos comprehens agreement applic member base basic principl gatt call agre articl gener provis agreement establish rule applic safeguard measur understood measur provid articl xix gatt articl condit member appli safeguard measur product member determin pursuant provis set product import territori increas quantiti absolut rel domest product condit threaten injuri domest industri produc indirectli competit product safeguard measur appli product import irrespect sourc articl investig member appli safeguard measur investig compet author member pursuant procedur previous establish made public conson articl gatt investig includ reason public notic interest parti public hear mean import export interest parti present evid view includ opportun respond present parti submit view inter alia applic safeguard measur public interest compet author publish report set find reason conclus reach pertin issu fact law inform natur confidenti provid confidenti basi shown treat compet author inform disclos permiss parti submit parti provid confidenti inform request furnish confidenti summari thereof parti inform summar reason summari provid compet author find request confidenti warrant parti concern unwil make inform public author disclosur gener summari form author disregard inform demonstr satisfact sourc inform correct articl determin injuri threat thereof purpos agreement injuri understood signific impair posit domest industri threat injuri understood injuri immin accord provis paragraph determin exist threat injuri base fact alleg conjectur remot possibl determin injuri threat thereof domest industri understood produc directli competit product oper territori member collect output directli competit product constitut major proport total domest product product investig determin increas import caus threaten injuri domest industri term agreement compet author evalu relev factor object quantifi natur bear situat industri rate amount increas import product concern absolut rel term share domest market increas import level sale product product capac util profit loss employ determin refer subparagraph made investig demonstr basi object evid exist causal link increas import product concern injuri threat thereof factor increas import caus injuri domest industri time injuri attribut increas import compet author publish promptli accord provis articl detail analysi case investig demonstr relev factor examin articl applic safeguard measur member safeguard measur extent prevent remedi injuri facilit adjust quantit restrict measur reduc quantiti import level recent period averag import repres year statist clear justif level prevent remedi injuri member choos measur suitabl achiev object case quota alloc suppli countri member appli restrict seek agreement respect alloc share quota member substanti interest suppli product concern case method practic member concern allot member substanti interest suppli product share base proport suppli member previou repres period total quantiti import product due account special factor affect affect trade product member depart provis subparagraph provid consult paragraph articl conduct auspic committe safeguard provid paragraph articl clear demonstr provid committe import member increas disproportion percentag relat total increas import product concern repres period ii reason departur provis subparagraph justifi iii condit departur equit supplier product concern durat measur extend initi period paragraph articl departur refer permit case threat injuri articl provision safeguard measur critic circumst delai damag difficult repair member provision safeguard measur pursuant preliminari determin clear evid increas import caus threaten injuri durat provision measur exce dai period pertin requir articl met measur form tariff increas promptli refund subsequ investig refer paragraph articl determin increas import caus threaten injuri domest industri durat provision measur count part initi period extens refer paragraph articl articl durat review safeguard measur member appli safeguard measur period time prevent remedi injuri facilit adjust period exce year extend paragraph period mention paragraph extend provid compet author import member determin conform procedur set articl safeguard measur continu prevent remedi injuri evid industri adjust provid pertin provis articl observ total period applic safeguard measur includ period applic provision measur period initi applic extens thereof exce year order facilit adjust situat expect durat safeguard measur notifi provis paragraph articl year member appli measur progress liber regular interv period applic durat measur exce year member appli measur review situat mid term measur withdraw increas pace liber measur extend paragraph restrict end initi period continu liber safeguard measur appli import product subject measur date entri forc wto agreement period time equal measur previous appli provid period applic year notwithstand provis paragraph safeguard measur durat dai appli import product year elaps date introduct safeguard measur import product safeguard measur appli product year period immedi preced date introduct measur articl level concess oblig member propos appli safeguard measur seek extens safeguard measur endeavour maintain substanti equival level concess oblig exist gatt export member affect measur accord provis paragraph articl achiev object member concern agre adequ mean trade compens advers effect measur trade agreement reach dai consult paragraph articl affect export member free dai measur appli suspend expir dai dai written notic suspens receiv council trade good applic substanti equival concess oblig gatt trade member appli safeguard measur suspens council trade good disapprov suspens refer paragraph exercis year safeguard measur effect provid safeguard measur result absolut increas import measur conform provis agreement articl develop countri member safeguard measur appli product origin develop countri member long share import product concern import member exce cent provid develop countri member cent import share collect account cent total import product concern develop countri member extend period applic safeguard measur period year maximum period provid paragraph articl notwithstand provis paragraph articl develop countri member appli safeguard measur import product subject measur date entri forc wto agreement period time equal half measur previous appli provid period applic year articl pre exist articl xix measur member termin safeguard measur pursuant articl xix gatt exist date entri forc wto agreement year date appli year date entri forc wto agreement whichev articl prohibit elimin measur member seek emerg action import product set articl xix gatt action conform provis articl appli accord agreement member seek maintain voluntari export restraint orderli market arrang similar measur export import side includ action singl member action agreement arrang understand enter member measur effect date entri forc wto agreement brought conform agreement phase accord paragraph agreement appli measur sought maintain member pursuant provis gatt articl xix multilater trade agreement annex agreement pursuant protocol agreement arrang conclud framework gatt phase measur refer paragraph carri timet present committe safeguard member concern dai date entri forc wto agreement timet provid measur refer paragraph phase brought conform agreement period exceed year date entri forc wto agreement subject specif measur import member durat extend decemb except mutual agre member directli concern notifi committe safeguard review accept dai entri forc wto agreement annex agreement measur agre fall except member encourag support adopt mainten public privat enterpris government measur equival refer paragraph articl notif consult member immedi notifi committe safeguard initi investigatori process relat injuri threat thereof reason make find injuri threat thereof caus increas import take decis appli extend safeguard measur make notif refer paragraph member propos appli extend safeguard measur provid committe safeguard pertin inform includ evid injuri threat thereof caus increas import precis descript product involv propos measur propos date introduct expect durat timet progress liber case extens measur evid industri concern adjust provid council trade good committe safeguard request addit inform member propos appli extend measur member propos appli extend safeguard measur provid adequ opportun prior consult member substanti interest export product concern view inter alia review inform provid paragraph exchang view measur reach understand wai achiev object set paragraph articl member make notif committe safeguard take provision safeguard measur refer articl consult initi immedi measur result consult refer articl result mid term review refer paragraph articl form compens refer paragraph articl propos suspens concess oblig refer paragraph articl notifi immedi council trade good member concern member notifi promptli committe safeguard law regul administr procedur relat safeguard measur modif made member maintain measur articl paragraph articl exist date entri forc wto agreement notifi measur committe safeguard dai date entri forc wto agreement member notifi committe safeguard law regul administr procedur measur action dealt agreement notifi member requir agreement make notif member notifi committe safeguard government measur refer paragraph articl notif council trade good refer agreement made committe safeguard provis notif agreement requir member disclos confidenti inform disclosur imped law enforc contrari public interest prejudic legitim commerci interest enterpris public privat articl surveil committe safeguard establish author council trade good open particip member indic serv committe function monitor report annual council trade good gener implement agreement make recommend improv find request affect member procedur requir agreement compli connect safeguard measur report find council trade good assist member request consult provis agreement examin measur cover articl paragraph articl monitor phase measur report council trade good review request member take safeguard measur propos suspend concess oblig substanti equival report council trade good receiv review notif provid agreement report council trade good perform function connect agreement council trade good determin assist committe carri surveil function secretariat prepar annual factual report oper agreement base notif reliabl inform articl disput settlement provis articl xxii xxiii gatt elabor appli disput settlement understand appli consult settlement disput aris agreement annex gt tabl gt waiver cover provis list footnot page part ii document mtn fa decemb mtn fa corr march ministeri confer establish session revis list waiver cover provis add waiver grant gatt decemb date entri forc wto agreement delet waiver expir time activ work parti coordin work group provid section iii ministeri decis notif procedur adopt april understand intend modifi right oblig member articl xii xviii gatt provis articl xxii xxiii gatt elabor appli disput settlement understand invok respect matter aris applic restrict import measur balanc payment purpos measur includ quantit import restrict variabl import levi minimum import price discretionari import licens tariff measur maintain state trade enterpris voluntari export restraint similar border measur ordinari custom duti measur maintain countri specif derog provis gatt measur maintain balanc payment provis gener agricultur specif provis gatt multilater trade agreement annex wto agreement refer price invok provis subparagraph gener averag unit product concern price term qualiti product stage process initi publicli extent member assess addit duti levi domest consumpt account base trigger level subparagraph appli countervail duti refer articl cover articl vi gatt part agreement subsidi countervail measur purpos paragraph annex government stock hold programm food secur purpos develop countri oper transpar conduct accord offici publish object criteria guidelin consid conform provis paragraph includ programm stock foodstuff food secur purpos acquir releas administ price provid differ acquisit price extern refer price account am purpos paragraph annex provis foodstuff subsid price object meet food requir urban rural poor develop countri regular basi reason price consid conform provis paragraph agreement refer articl xx includ chapeau articl purpos paragraph articl scientif justif basi examin evalu scientif inform conform relev provis agreement member determin relev intern standard guidelin recommend suffici achiev level sanitari phytosanitari protect purpos paragraph articl measur trade restrict requir measur take account technic econom feasibl achiev level sanitari phytosanitari protect significantli restrict trade purpos definit anim includ fish wild fauna plant includ forest wild flora pest includ weed contamin includ pesticid veterinari drug residu extran matter sanitari phytosanitari measur law decre ordin applic gener nation refer agreement term deem case separ custom territori member wto person natur legal domicil real effect industri commerci establish custom territori control inspect approv procedur includ inter alia procedur sampl test certif extent export develop countri member benefit provis agreement year defin month period begin date entri forc wto agreement subsequ month interv relev gatt provis includ articl xix respect product integr gatt specif provid paragraph annex restrict denot unilater quantit restrict bilater arrang measur similar effect custom union appli safeguard measur singl unit behalf member state custom union appli safeguard measur singl unit requir determin damag actual threat thereof agreement base condit exist custom union safeguard measur appli behalf member state requir determin damag actual threat thereof base condit exist member state measur limit member state immin increas measur determin exist basi alleg conjectur mere possibl aris exist product capac export member nation deem case separ custom territori member wto person natur legal domicil real effect industri commerci establish custom territori case trim appli discretionari author specif applic notifi inform prejudic legitim commerci interest enterpris disclos term initi agreement mean procedur action member formal commenc investig provid articl sale product destin consumpt domest market export countri consid suffici quantiti determin normal sale constitut cent sale product consider import member provid lower ratio accept evid demonstr domest sale lower ratio nonetheless suffici magnitud provid proper comparison agreement term author interpret mean author senior level extend period time year case month sale unit cost made substanti quantiti author establish weight averag sell price transact consider determin normal weight averag unit cost volum sale unit cost repres cent volum sold transact consider determin normal adjust made start oper reflect cost end start period period extend period investig recent cost account author investig understood factor overlap author ensur duplic adjust made provis date sale date contract purchas order order confirm invoic whichev establish materi term sale agreement term injuri materi injuri domest industri threat materi injuri domest industri materi retard establish industri interpret accord provis articl exclus convinc reason futur substanti increas import product dump price purpos paragraph produc deem relat export import directli indirectli control directli indirectli control person directli indirectli control person provid ground believ suspect effect relationship produc concern behav differ relat produc purpos paragraph deem control legal operation posit exercis restraint direct agreement levi definit final legal assess collect duti tax case fragment industri involv exception larg number produc author determin support opposit statist valid sampl techniqu member awar territori member employe domest produc product repres employe make support applic investig paragraph gener rule time limit export count date receipt questionnair purpos deem receiv week date respond transmit diplomat repres export member case separ custom territori member wto offici repres export territori understood number export involv high full text written applic provid author export member relev trade associ member awar territori member disclosur pursuant narrowli drawn protect order requir member agre request confidenti arbitrarili reject word interpret simultan continu proceed implement price undertak provid paragraph understood observ time limit mention subparagraph subparagraph product question subject judici review proceed determin final liabil payment anti dump duti provid paragraph articl constitut review mean articl amount anti dump duti assess retrospect basi find recent assess proceed subparagraph articl duti levi requir author termin definit duti author provid inform explan provis articl separ report ensur report readili public intend preclud action relev provis gatt understood provis oblig member govern entiti member conduct preship inspect activ territori intern standard standard adopt government government bodi membership open member recogn activ field standard understood purpos agreement forc majeur irresist compuls coercion unforese event excus fulfil contract oblig user member respect servic preship inspect entiti connect custom valuat oblig accept gatt multilater trade agreement includ annex wto agreement understood technic assist bilater plurilater multilater basi understood provis prejudic determin made purpos defin domest industri product domest industri similar term appli respect rule origin appli purpos govern procur provis creat oblig addit assum member gatt respect request made year date entri forc wto agreement member requir issu assess ad valorem criterion prescrib method calcul percentag rule origin criterion manufactur process oper prescrib oper confer origin product concern precis time consider arrang settlement disput relat custom classif respect request made year entri forc wto agreement member requir issu assess procedur refer licens similar administr procedur agreement impli basi scope durat measur implement licens procedur subject question agreement purpos agreement term govern deem includ compet author european commun import licens procedur requir secur restrict effect import considerd fall scope paragraph develop countri member develop countri member parti agreement import licens procedur april specif difficulti requir subparagraph ii iii notif committe delai applic subparagraph year date entri forc wto agreement member refer quota holder origin circul gatt document march accord provis articl xvi gatt note articl xvi provis annex iii agreement exempt export product duti tax born product destin domest consumpt remiss duti tax amount excess accru deem subsidi object criteria condit criteria condit neutral favour enterpris econom natur horizont applic number employe size enterpris regard inform frequenc applic subsidi refus approv reason decis consid standard met fact demonstr grant subsidi made legal conting export perform fact ti actual anticip export export earn mere fact subsidi grant enterpris export reason consid export subsidi mean provis measur refer annex constitut export subsidi prohibit provis agreement time period mention articl extend mutual agreement establish articl meet dsb schedul period meet held purpos express meant counter measur disproportion light fact subsidi dealt provis prohibit express meant counter measur disproportion light fact subsidi dealt provis prohibit term injuri domest industri sens part term nullif impair agreement sens relev provis gatt exist nullif impair establish accord practic applic provis term prejudic interest member agreement sens paragraph articl xvi gatt includ threat prejudic total ad valorem subsid calcul accord provis annex iv anticip civil aircraft subject specif multilater rule threshold subparagraph appli civil aircraft member recogn royalti base financ civil aircraft programm fulli repaid due level actual sale fall level forecast sale constitut prejudic purpos subparagraph multilater agre specif rule appli trade product commod question fact circumst refer paragraph confer legal statu term gatt agreement circumst isol sporad insignific event request relat subsidi deem result prejudic term paragraph articl evid prejudic limit evid condit paragraph articl met time period mention articl extend mutual agreement meet dsb schedul period meet held purpos recogn govern assist purpos wide provid member mere fact assist qualifi action treatment provis articl restrict abil member provid assist anticip civil aircraft subject specif multilater rule provis subparagraph appli product month date entri forc wto agreement committe subsidi countervail measur provid articl refer agreement committe review oper provis subparagraph view make modif improv oper provis consider modif committe carefulli review definit categori set subparagraph light experi member oper research programm work relev intern institut provis agreement appli fundament research activ independ conduct higher educ research establish term fundament research mean enlarg gener scientif technic knowledg link industri commerci object allow level action assist refer subparagraph establish refer total elig cost incur durat individu project term industri research mean plan search critic investig aim discoveri knowledg object knowledg develop product process servic bring signific improv exist product process servic term pre competit develop activ mean translat industri research find plan blueprint design modifi improv product process servic intend sale includ creation prototyp capabl commerci includ conceptu formul design product process servic altern initi demonstr pilot project provid project convert industri applic commerci exploit includ routin period alter exist product product line manufactur process servic oper alter repres improv case programm span industri research pre competit develop activ allow level action assist exce simpl averag allow level action assist applic categori calcul basi elig cost set item subparagraph gener framework region develop mean region subsidi programm part intern consist gener applic region develop polici region develop subsidi grant isol geograph point virtual influenc devlop region neutral object criteria mean criteria favour region elimin reduct region dispar framework region develop polici regard region subsidi programm includ ceil amount assist grant subsid project ceil differenti level develop assist region express term invest cost cost job creation ceil distribut asisst suffici broad avoid predomin subsidi grant disproportion larg amount subsidi enterpris provid articl term exist facil mean facil oper year time environment requir impos recogn notif provis requir provis confidenti inform includ confidenti busi inform provis part ii iii invok parallel provis part regard effect subsidi domest market import member form relief countervail duti requir part met counter measur articl provis part iii invok measur consid action accord provis part iv measur refer paragraph articl investig order determin specif mean articl addit case subsidi refer paragraph articl confer pursuant programm notifi accord paragraph articl provis part iii invok subsidi treat action found conform standard set paragraph articl term countervail duti understood special duti levi purpos offset subsidi bestow directli indirectli manufactur product export merchandis provid paragraph articl vi gatt term initi hereinaft mean procedur action member formal commenc investig provid articl case fragment industri involv exception larg number procedur author determin support opposit statist valid sampl techniqu member awar territori member employe domest produc product repres employe make support applic investig paragraph gener rule time limit export count date receipt questionnair purpos deem receiv week date respond transmit diplomat repres export member case separ custom territori member wto offici repres export territori understood number export involv high full text applic provid author export member relev trade associ forward copi export concern member awar territori member disclosur pursuant narrowli drawn protect order requir member agre request confidenti arbitrarili reject member agre investig author request waiv confidenti inform relev proceed import accord provis paragraph affirm determin preliminari final made reason opportun consult consult establish basi proceed provis part ii iii agreement term injuri materi injuri domest industri threat materi injuri domest industri materi retard establish industri interpret accord provis articl agreement term product produit similair interpret product ident alik respect product consider absenc product product alik respect characterist close resembl product consider set paragraph purpos paragraph produc deem relat export import directli indirectli control directli indirectli control person directli indirectli control person provid ground believ suspect effect relationship produc concern behav differ relat produc purpos paragraph deem control legal operation posit exercis restraint direct word interpret simultan continu proceed implement undertak provid paragraph purpos paragraph term domest interest parti includ consum industri user import product subject investig agreement levi definit final legal assess collect duti tax amount countervail duti assess retrospect basi find recent assess proceed duti levi requir author termin definit duti author provid inform explan provis articl separ report ensur report readili public committe establish work parti review content form questionnair contain bisd develop countri member grant export subsidi date entri forc wto agreement paragraph appli basi level export subsidi grant paragraph intend preclud action relev provis gatt term commerci mean choic domest import product unrestrict depend commerci consider purpos agreement term direct tax tax wage profit interest rent royalti form incom tax ownership real properti term import charg tariff duti fiscal charg enumer note levi import term indirect tax sale excis turnov ad franchis stamp transfer inventori equip tax border tax tax direct tax import charg prior stage indirect tax levi good servic directli indirectli make product cumul indirect tax multi stage tax levi mechan subsequ credit tax good servic subject tax stage product succeed stage product remiss tax includ refund rebat tax remiss drawback includ full partial exempt deferr import charg member recogn deferr amount export subsidi interest charg collect member reaffirm principl price good transact export enterpris foreign buyer control tax purpos price charg independ enterpris act arm length member draw attent member administr practic contraven principl result signific save direct tax export transact circumst member attempt resolv differ facil exist bilater tax treati specif intern mechan prejudic right oblig member gatt includ consult creat preced sentenc paragraph intend limit member take measur avoid doubl taxat foreign sourc incom earn enterpris enterpris member paragraph appli ad tax system border tax adjust lieu thereof problem excess remiss ad tax exclus cover paragraph input consum product process input physic incorpor energi fuel oil product process catalyst consum obtain export product understand member develop matter annex clarif purpos paragraph articl recipi firm firm territori subsid member case tax relat subsidi product calcul total recipi firm sale fiscal year tax relat measur earn start situat includ instanc financi commit product develop construct facil manufactur product benefit subsidi made product begun case exist prejudic demonstr inform gather process dsb account protect inform natur confidenti provid confidenti basi member involv process inclus develop countri member list paragraph base recent data world bank gnp capita custom union appli safeguard measur singl unit behalf member state custom union appli safeguard measur singl unit requir determin injuri threat thereof agreement base condit exist custom union safeguard measur appli behalf member state requir determin injuri threat thereof base condit exist member state measur limit member state agreement prejudg interpret relationship articl xix paragraph articl xxiv gatt member immedi notifi action paragraph articl committe safeguard import quota appli safeguard measur conform relev provis gatt agreement mutual agreement administ export member exampl similar measur includ export moder export price import price monitor system export import surveil compulsori import cartel discretionairi export import licens scheme afford protect except european commun entitl annex agreement annex gener agreement trade servic page part scope definit articl scope definit part ii gener oblig disciplin articl ii favour nation treatment articl iii transpar articl iii bi disclosur confidenti inform articl iv increas particip develop countri articl econom integr articl bi labour market integr agreement articl vi domest regul articl vii recognit articl viii monopoli exclus servic supplier articl ix busi practic articl emerg safeguard measur articl xi payment transfer articl xii restrict safeguard balanc payment articl xiii govern procur articl xiv gener except articl xv bi secur except articl xv subsidi part iii specif commit articl xvi market access articl xvii nation treatment articl xviii addit commit part iv progress liber articl xix negoti specif commit articl xx schedul specif commit articl xxi modif schedul part institut provis articl xxii consult articl xxiii disput settlement enforc articl xxiv council trade servic articl xxv technic cooper articl xxvi relationship intern organ part vi final provis articl xxvii denial benefit articl xxviii definit articl xxix annex annex articl ii exempt annex movement natur person suppli servic agreement annex air transport servic annex financi servic annex financi servic annex negoti maritim transport servic annex telecommun annex negoti basic telecommun gener agreement trade servic member recogn grow import trade servic growth develop world economi wish establish multilater framework principl rule trade servic view expans trade condit transpar progress liber mean promot econom growth trade partner develop develop countri desir earli achiev progress higher level liber trade servic success round multilater negoti aim promot interest particip mutual advantag basi secur balanc right oblig give due respect nation polici object recogn member regul introduc regul suppli servic territori order meet nation polici object asymmetri exist respect degre develop servic regul countri develop countri exercis desir facilit increas particip develop countri trade servic expans servic export includ inter alia strengthen domest servic capac effici competit take account difficulti develop countri view special econom situat develop trade financi agre part scope definit articl scope definit agreement appli measur member affect trade servic purpos agreement trade servic defin suppli servic territori member territori member territori member servic consum member servic supplier member commerci presenc territori member servic supplier member presenc natur person member territori member purpos agreement measur member mean measur central region local govern author ii government bodi exercis power deleg central region local govern author fulfil oblig commit agreement member reason measur ensur observ region local govern author government bodi territori servic includ servic sector servic suppli exercis government author servic suppli exercis government author mean servic suppli commerci basi competit servic supplier part ii gener oblig disciplin articl ii favour nation treatment respect measur cover agreement member accord immedi uncondition servic servic supplier member treatment favour accord servic servic supplier countri member maintain measur inconsist paragraph provid measur list meet condit annex articl ii exempt provis agreement constru prevent member confer advantag adjac countri order facilit exchang limit contigu frontier zone servic local produc consum articl iii transpar member publish promptli emerg situat latest time entri forc relev measur gener applic pertain affect oper agreement intern agreement pertain affect trade servic member signatori publish public refer paragraph practic inform made publicli member promptli annual inform council trade servic introduct exist law regul administr guidelin significantli affect trade servic cover specif commit agreement member respond promptli request member specif inform measur gener applic intern agreement mean paragraph member establish enquiri point provid specif inform member request matter subject notif requir paragraph enquiri point establish year date entri forc agreement establish wto refer agreement wto agreement flexibl respect time limit enquiri point establish agre individu develop countri member enquiri point depositori law regul member notifi council trade servic measur member consid affect oper agreement articl iii bi disclosur confidenti inform agreement requir member provid confidenti inform disclosur imped law enforc contrari public interest prejudic legitim commerci interest enterpris public privat articl iv increas particip develop countri increas particip develop countri member world trade facilit negoti specif commit member pursuant part iii iv agreement relat strengthen domest servic capac effici competit inter alia access technolog commerci basi improv access distribut channel inform network liber market access sector mode suppli export interest develop countri member extent member establish contact point year date entri forc wto agreement facilit access develop countri member servic supplier inform relat respect market commerci technic aspect suppli servic registr recognit obtain profession qualif avail servic technolog special prioriti develop countri member implement paragraph account difficulti develop countri accept negoti specif commit view special econom situat develop trade financi articl econom integr agreement prevent member parti enter agreement liber trade servic parti agreement provid agreement substanti sector coverag absenc elimin substanti discrimin sens articl xvii parti sector cover subparagraph elimin exist discriminatori measur ii prohibit discriminatori measur entri forc agreement basi reason time frame measur permit articl xi xii xiv xiv bi evalu condit paragraph met consider relationship agreement wider process econom integr trade liber countri concern develop countri parti agreement type refer paragraph flexibl provid condit set paragraph refer subparagraph thereof accord level develop countri concern individu sector subsector notwithstand paragraph case agreement type refer paragraph involv develop countri favour treatment grant jurid person own control natur person parti agreement agreement refer paragraph design facilti trade parti agreement respect member agreement rais level barrier trade servic respect sector subsector compar level applic prior agreement conclus enlarg signific modif agreement paragraph member intend withdraw modifi specif commit inconsist term condit set schedul provid dai advanc notic modif withdraw procedur set paragraph articl xxi appli servic supplier member jurid person constitut law parti agreement refer paragraph entitl treatment grant agreement provid engag substant busi oper territori parti agreement member parti agreement refer paragraph promptli notifi agreement enlarg signific modif agreement council trade servic make council relev inform request council establish work parti examin agreement enlarg modif agreement report council consist articl member parti agreement refer paragraph implement basi time frame report period council trade servic implement council establish work parti examin report deem work parti base report work parti refer subparagraph council make recommend parti deem member parti agreement refer paragraph seek compens trade benefit accru member agreement articl bi labour market integr agreement agreement prevent member parti agreement establish full integr labour market parti agreement provid agreement exempt citizen parti agreement requir resid work permit notifi council trade servic articl vi domest regul sector specif commit undertaken member ensur measur gener applic affect trade servic administ reason object imparti manner member maintain institut practic judici arbitr administr tribun procedur provid request affect servic supplier prompt review justifi remedi administr decis affect trade servic procedur independ agenc entrust administr decis concern member ensur procedur fact provid object imparti review provis subparagraph constru requir member institut tribun procedur inconsist constitut structur natur legal system author requir suppli servic specif commit made compet author member reason period time submiss applic consid complet domest law regul inform applic decis applic request applic compet author member provid undu delai inform statu applic view ensur measur relat qualif requir procedur technic standard licens requir constitut unnecessari barrier trade servic council trade servic bodi establish develop disciplin disciplin aim ensur requir inter alia base object transpar criteria compet abil suppli servic burdensom ensur qualiti servic case licens procedur restrict suppli servic sector member undertaken specif commit pend entri forc disciplin develop sector pursuant paragraph member appli licens qualif requir technic standard nullifi impair specif commit manner compli criteria outlin subparagraph ii expect member time specif commit sector made determin member conform oblig paragraph account intern standard relev intern organ appli member sector specif commit profession servic undertaken member provid adequ procedur verifi compet profession member articl vii recognit purpos fulfil part standard criteria author licens certif servic supplier subject requir paragraph member recogn educ experi obtain requir met licens certif grant countri recognit achiev harmon base agreement arrang countri concern accord autonom member parti agreement arrang type refer paragraph exist futur afford adequ opportun interest member negoti access agreement arrang negoti compar member accord recognit autonom afford adequ opportun member demonstr educ experi licens certif obtain requir met member territori recogn member accord recognit manner constitut mean discrimin countri applic standard criteria author licens certif servic supplier disguis restrict trade servic member month date wto agreement take effect inform council trade servic exist recognit measur state measur base agreement arrang type refer paragraph promptli inform council trade servic advanc open negoti agreement arrang type refer paragraph order provid adequ opportun member interest particip negoti enter substant phase promptli inform council trade servic adopt recognit measur significantli modifi exist state measur base agreement arrang type refer paragraph recognit base multilater agre criteria case member work cooper relev inter government government organ establish adopt common intern standard criteria recognit common intern standard practic relev servic trade profess articl viii monopoli exclus servic supplier member ensur monopoli supplier servic territori suppli monopoli servic relev market act manner inconsist member oblig articl ii specif commit member monopoli supplier compet directli affili compani suppli servic scope monopoli right subject member specif commit member ensur supplier abus monopoli posit act territori manner inconsist commit council trade servic request member reason monopoli supplier servic member act manner inconsist paragraph request member establish maintain author supplier provid specif inform relev oper date entri forc wto agreement member grant monopoli right suppli servic cover specif commit member notifi council trade servic month intend implement grant monopoli right provis paragraph articl xxi appli provis articl appli case exclus servic supplier member formal effect author establish small number servic supplier substanti prevent competit supplier territori articl ix busi practic member recogn busi practic servic supplier fall articl viii restrain competit restrict trade servic member request member enter consult view elimin practic refer paragraph member address accord full sympathet consider request cooper suppli publicli confidenti inform relev matter question member address provid inform request member subject domest law conclus satisfactori agreement safeguard confidenti request member articl emerg safeguard measur multilater negoti question emerg safeguard measur base principl discrimin result negoti enter effect date year date entri forc wto agreement period entri effect result negoti refer paragraph member notwithstand provis paragraph articl xxi notifi council trade servic intent modifi withdraw specif commit period year date commit enter forc provid member show council modif withdraw await laps year period provid paragraph articl xxi provis paragraph ceas appli year date entri forc wto agreement articl xi payment transfer circumst envisag articl xii member appli restrict intern transfer payment current transact relat specif commit agreement affect right oblig member intern monetari fund articl agreement fund includ exchang action conform articl agreement provid member impos restrict capit transact inconsist specif commit transact articl xii request fund articl xii restrict safeguard balanc payment event balanc payment extern financi difficulti threat thereof member adopt maintain restrict trade servic undertaken specif commit includ payment transfer transact relat commit recogn pressur balanc payment member process econom develop econom transit necessit restrict ensur inter alia mainten level financi reserv adequ implement programm econom develop econom transit restrict refer paragraph discrimin member consist articl agreement intern monetari fund avoid unnecessari damag commerci econom financi interest member exce deal circumst paragraph temporari phase progress situat paragraph improv determin incid restrict member give prioriti suppli servic essenti econom develop programm restrict adopt maintain purpos protect servic sector restrict adopt maintain paragraph promptli notifi gener council member appli provis articl consult promptli committe balanc payment restrict restrict adopt articl ministeri confer establish procedur period consult object enabl recommend made member concern deem consult assess balanc payment situat member concern restrict adopt maintain articl take account inter alia factor natur extent balanc payment extern financi difficulti ii extern econom trade environ consult member iii altern correct measur consult address complianc restrict paragraph progress phaseout restrict accord paragraph consult find statist fact present intern monetari fund relat foreign exchang monetari reserv balanc payment accept conclus base assess fund balanc payment extern financi situat consult member member member intern monetari fund wish appli provis articl ministeri confer establish review procedur procedur articl xiii govern procur articl ii xvi xvii appli law regul requir govern procur government agenc servic purchas government purpos view commerci resal view suppli servic commerci sale multilater negoti govern procur servic agreement year date entri forc wto agreement articl xiv gener except subject requir measur appli manner constitut mean arbitrari unjustifi discrimin countri condit prevail disguis restrict trade servic agreement constru prevent adopt enforc member measur protect public moral maintain public order protect human anim plant life health secur complianc law regul inconsist provis agreement includ relat prevent decept fraudul practic deal effect default servic contract ii protect privaci individu relat process dissemin person data protect confidenti individu record account iii safeti inconsist articl xvii provid differ treatment aim ensur equit effect imposit collect direct tax respect servic servic supplier member inconsist articl ii provid differ treatment result agreement avoid doubl taxat provis avoid doubl taxat intern agreement arrang member bound articl xiv bi secur except agreement constru requir member furnish inform disclosur consid contrari essenti secur interest prevent member take action consid protect essenti secur interest relat suppli servic carri directli indirectli purpos provis militari establish ii relat fission fusion materi materi deriv iii time war emerg intern relat prevent member take action pursuanc oblig unit nation charter mainten intern peac secur council trade servic inform fullest extent measur paragraph termin articl xv subsidi member recogn circumst subsidi distort effect trade servic member enter negoti view develop multilater disciplin avoid trade distort effect negoti address appropri countervail procedur negoti recogn role subsidi relat develop programm develop countri account member develop countri member flexibl area purpos negoti member exchang inform subsidi relat trade servic provid domest servic supplier member consid advers affect subsidi member request consult member matter request accord sympathet consider part iii specif commit articl xvi market access respect market access mode suppli identifi articl member accord servic servic supplier member treatment favour provid term limit condit agre schedul sector market access commit undertaken measur member maintain adopt basi region subdivis basi entir territori schedul defin limit number servic supplier form numer quota monopoli exclus servic supplier requir econom test limit total servic transact asset form numer quota requir econom test limit total number servic oper total quantiti servic output express term design numer unit form quota requir econom test limit total number natur person emploi servic sector servic supplier emploi directli relat suppli specif servic form numer quota requir econom test measur restrict requir specif type legal entiti joint ventur servic supplier suppli servic limit particip foreign capit term maximum percentag limit foreign sharehold total individu aggreg foreign invest articl xvii nation treatment sector inscrib schedul subject condit qualif set member accord servic servic supplier member respect measur affect suppli servic treatment favour accord servic servic supplier member meet requir paragraph servic servic supplier member formal ident treatment formal treatment accord servic servic supplier formal ident formal treatment consid favour modifi condit competit favour servic servic supplier member compar servic servic supplier member articl xviii addit commit member negoti commit respect measur affect trade servic subject schedul articl xvi xvii includ qualif standard licens matter commit inscrib member schedul part iv progress liber articl xix negoti specif commit pursuanc object agreement member enter success round negoti begin year date entri forc wto agreement period view achiev progress higher level liber negoti direct reduct elimin advers effect trade servic measur mean provid effect market access process place view promot interest particip mutual advantag basi secur balanc right oblig process liber place due respect nation polici object level develop individu member individu sector flexibl individu develop countri member open fewer sector liber fewer type transact progress extend market access line develop situat make access market foreign servic supplier attach access condit aim achiev object refer articl iv round negoti guidelin procedur establish purpos establish guidelin council trade servic carri assess trade servic term sector basi refer object agreement includ set paragraph articl iv negoti guidelin establish modal treatment liber undertaken autonom member previou negoti special treatment develop countri member provis paragraph articl iv process progress liber advanc round bilater plurilater multilater negoti direct increas gener level specif commit undertaken member agreement articl xx schedul specif commit member set schedul specif commit undertak part iii agreement respect sector commit undertaken schedul term limit condit market access condit qualif nation treatment undertak relat addit commit time frame implement commit date entri forc commit measur inconsist articl xvi xvii inscrib column relat articl xvi case inscript consid provid condit qualif articl xvii schedul specif commit annex agreement form integr part thereof articl xxi modif schedul member refer articl modifi member modifi withdraw commit schedul time year elaps date commit enter forc accord provis articl modifi member notifi intent modifi withdraw commit pursuant articl council trade servic month intend date implement modif withdraw request member benefit agreement affect refer articl affect member propos modif withdraw notifi subparagraph modifi member enter negoti view reach agreement compensatori adjust negoti agreement member concern endeavour maintain gener level mutual advantag commit favour trade provid schedul specif commit prior negoti compensatori adjust made favour nation basi agreement reach modifi member affect member end period provid negoti affect member refer matter arbitr affect member wish enforc compens particip arbitr affect member request arbitr modifi member free implement propos modif withdraw modifi member modifi withdraw commit made compensatori adjust conform find arbitr modifi member implement propos modif withdraw compli find arbitr affect member particip arbitr modifi withdraw substanti equival benefit conform find notwithstand articl ii modif withdraw implement sole respect modifi member council trade servic establish procedur rectif modif schedul member modifi withdrawn schedul commit articl modifi schedul procedur part institut provis articl xxii consult member accord sympathet consider afford adequ opportun consult represent made member respect matter affect oper agreement disput settlement understand dsu appli consult council trade servic disput settlement bodi dsb request member consult member member respect matter find satisfactori solut consult paragraph member invok articl xvii articl articl xxiii respect measur member fall scope intern agreement relat avoid doubl taxat case disagr member measur fall scope agreement open member bring matter council trade servic council refer matter arbitr decis arbitr final bind member articl xxiii disput settlement enforc member member fail carri oblig specif commit agreement view reach mutual satisfactori resolut matter recours dsu dsb consid circumst justifi action author member member suspend applic member member oblig specif commit accord articl dsu member consid benefit expect accru specif commit member part iii agreement nullifi impair result applic measur conflict provis agreement recours dsu measur determin dsb nullifi impair benefit member affect entitl mutual satisfactori adjust basi paragraph articl xxi includ modif withdraw measur event agreement reach member concern articl dsu appli articl xxiv council trade servic council trade servic carri function assign facilit oper agreement object council establish subsidiari bodi consid effect discharg function council council decid subsidiari bodi open particip repres member chairman council elect member articl xxv technic cooper servic supplier member assist access servic contact point refer paragraph articl iv technic assist develop countri provid multilater level secretariat decid council trade servic articl xxvi relationship intern organ gener council make arrang consult cooper unit nation special agenc inter government organ concern servic part vi final provis articl xxvii denial benefit member deni benefit agreement suppli servic establish servic suppli territori member member deni member appli wto agreement case suppli maritim transport servic establish servic suppli vessel regist law member member deni member appli wto agreement ii person oper vessel part member member deni member appli wto agreement servic supplier jurid person establish servic supplier member servic supplier member deni member appli wto agreement articl xxviii definit purpos agreement measur mean measur member form law regul rule procedur decis administr action form suppli servic includ product distribut market sale deliveri servic measur member affect trade servic includ measur respect purchas payment servic ii access connect suppli servic servic requir member offer public gener iii presenc includ commerci presenc person member suppli servic territori member commerci presenc mean type busi profession establish includ constitut acquisit mainten jurid person ii creation mainten branch repres offic territori member purpos suppli servic sector servic mean refer specif commit subsector servic member schedul ii servic sector includ subsector servic member mean servic suppli territori member case maritim transport vessel regist law member person member suppli servic oper vessel part ii case suppli servic commerci presenc presenc natur person servic supplier member servic supplier mean person suppli servic monopoli supplier servic mean person public privat relev market territori member author establish formal effect member sole supplier servic servic consum mean person receiv servic person mean natur person jurid person natur person member mean natur person resid territori member member law member nation member ii perman resid member case member nation accord substanti treatment perman resid nation respect measur affect trade servic notifi accept access wto agreement provid member oblig accord perman resid treatment favour accord member perman resid notif includ assur assum respect perman resid accord law regul respons member bear respect nation jurid person mean legal entiti duli constitut organ applic law profit privat own government own includ corpor trust partnership joint ventur sole proprietorship associ jurid person member mean jurid person constitut organ law member engag substant busi oper territori member member ii case suppli servic commerci presenc own control natur person member jurid person member identifi subparagraph jurid person own person member cent equiti interest benefici own person member ii control person member person power major director legal direct action iii affili person control control person person control person direct tax compris tax total incom total capit element incom capit includ tax gain alien properti tax estat inherit gift tax total amount wage salari paid enterpris tax capit appreci articl xxix annex annex agreement integr part agreement annex articl ii exempt scope annex specifi condit member entri forc agreement exempt oblig paragraph articl ii exempt appli date entri forc wto agreement dealt paragraph articl ix agreement review council trade servic review exempt grant period year review place year entri forc wto agreement council trade servic review examin condit creat exempt prevail determin date review termin exempt member oblig paragraph articl ii agreement respect measur termin date provid exempt principl exempt exce period year event subject negoti subsequ trade liber round member notifi council trade servic termin exempt period inconsist measur brought conform paragraph articl ii agreement list articl ii exempt agre list exempt paragraph articl ii annex treati copi wto agreement annex movement natur person suppli servic agreement annex appli measur affect natur person servic supplier member natur person member emploi servic supplier member respect suppli servic agreement appli measur affect natur person seek access employ market member appli measur citizenship resid employ perman basi accord part iii iv agreement member negoti specif commit appli movement categori natur person suppli servic agreement natur person cover specif commit allow suppli servic accord term commit agreement prevent member appli measur regul entri natur person temporari stai territori includ measur protect integr ensur orderli movement natur person border provid measur appli manner nullifi impair benefit accru member term specif commit annex air transport servic annex appli measur affect trade air transport servic schedul schedul ancillari servic confirm specif commit oblig assum agreement reduc affect member oblig bilater multilater agreement effect date entri forc wto agreement agreement includ disput settlement procedur appli measur affect traffic right grant servic directli relat exercis traffic right provid paragraph annex agreement appli measur affect aircraft repair mainten servic sell market air transport servic comput reserv system cr servic disput settlement procedur agreement invok oblig specif commit assum concern member disput settlement procedur bilater multilater agreement arrang exhaust council trade servic review period year develop air transport sector oper annex view applic agreement sector definit aircraft repair mainten servic activ undertaken aircraft part thereof withdrawn servic includ call line mainten sell market air transport servic opportun air carrier concern sell market freeli air transport servic includ aspect market market research advertis distribut activ includ price air transport servic applic condit comput reserv system cr servic servic provid computer system inform air carrier schedul avail fare fare rule reserv made ticket issu traffic right schedul schedul servic oper carri passeng cargo mail remuner hire territori member includ point serv rout oper type traffic carri capac provid tariff charg condit criteria design airlin includ criteria number ownership control annex financi servic scope definit annex appli measur affect suppli financi servic refer suppli financi servic annex suppli servic defin paragraph articl agreement purpos subparagraph articl agreement servic suppli exercis government author mean activ conduct central bank monetari author public entiti pursuit monetari exchang rate polici ii activ form part statutori system social secur public retir plan iii activ conduct public entiti account guarante financi resourc govern purpos subparagraph articl agreement member activ refer subparagraph ii iii paragraph conduct financi servic supplier competit public entiti financ servic supplier servic includ activ subparagraph articl agreement appli servic cover annex domest regul notwithstand provis agreement member prevent take measur prudenti reason includ protect investor depositor polici holder person fiduciari duti ow financi servic supplier ensur integr stabil financi system measur conform provis agreement mean avoid member commit oblig agreement agreement constru requir member disclos inform relat affair account individu custom confidenti proprietari inform possess public entiti recognit member recogn prudenti measur countri determin member measur relat financi servic appli recognit achiev harmon base agreement arrang countri concern accord autonom member parti agreement arrang refer subparagraph futur exist afford adequ opportun interest member negoti access agreement arrang negoti compar circumst equival regul oversight implement regul procedur share inform parti agreement arrang member accord recognit autonom afford adequ opportun member demonstr circumst exist member contempl recognit prudenti measur countri paragraph articl vii appli disput settlement panel disput prudenti issu financi matter expertis relev specif financi servic disput definit purpos annex financi servic servic financi natur offer financi servic supplier member financi servic includ insur insur relat servic bank financi servic exclud insur financi servic includ activ insur insur relat servic direct insur includ insur life life ii insur retrocess iii insur inter mediat brokerag agenc iv servic auxiliari insur consult actuari risk assess claim settlement servic bank financi servic exclud insur accept deposit repay fund public vi lend type includ consum credit mortgag credit factor financ commerci transact vii financi leas viii payment monei transmiss servic includ credit charg debit card travel chequ banker draft ix guarante commit trade account account custom exchang counter market monei market instrument includ chequ bill certif deposit foreign exchang deriv product includ limit futur option exchang rate interest rate instrument includ product swap forward rate agreement transfer secur negoti instrument financi asset includ bullion xi particip issu kind secur includ underwrit placement agent publicli privat provis servic relat issu xii monei broke xiii asset manag cash portfolio manag form collect invest manag pension fund manag custodi depositori trust servic xiv settlement clear servic financi asset includ secur deriv product negoti instrument xv provis transfer financi inform financi data process relat softwar supplier financi servic xvi advisori intermedi auxiliari financi servic activ list subparagraph xv includ credit refer analysi invest portfolio research advic advic acquisit corpor restructur strategi financi servic supplier mean natur jurid person member wish suppli suppli financi servic term financi servic supplier includ public entiti public entiti mean govern central bank monetari author member entiti own control member princip engag carri government function activ government purpos includ entiti princip engag suppli financi servic commerci term ii privat entiti perform function perform central bank monetari author exercis function annex financi servic notwithstand articl ii agreement paragraph annex articl ii exempt member period dai begin month date entri forc wto agreement list annex measur relat financi servic inconsist paragraph articl ii agreement notwithstand articl xxi agreement member period dai begin month date entri forc wto agreement improv modifi withdraw part specif commit financi servic inscrib schedul council trade servic establish procedur applic paragraph annex negotiaton maritim transport servic articl ii annex articl ii exempt includ requir list annex measur inconsist favour nation treatment member maintain enter forc intern ship auxiliari servic access port facil implement date determin paragraph ministeri decis negoti maritim transport servic negoti succe date final report negoti group maritim transport servic provid decis paragraph appli specif commit maritim transport servic inscrib member schedul conclus negoti refer paragraph implement date member improv modifi withdraw part specif commit sector offer compens notwithstand provis articl xxi annex telecommun object recogn specif telecommun servic sector dual role distinct sector econom activ underli transport mean econom activ member agre annex object elabor provis agreement respect measur affect access public telecommun transport network servic annex note supplementari provis agreement scope annex appli measur member affect access public telecommun transport network servic annex appli measur affect cabl broadcast distribut radio televis program annex constru requir member author servic supplier member establish construct acquir leas oper suppli telecommun transport network servic provid schedul ii requir member requir member oblig servic supplier jurisdict establish construct acquir leas oper suppli telecommun transport network servic offer public gener definit purpos annex telecommun mean transmiss recept signal electromagnet mean public telecommun transport servic mean telecommun transport servic requir explicitli effect member offer public gener servic includ inter alia telegraph telephon telex data transmiss typic involv real time transmiss custom suppli inform point end end chang form content custom inform public telecommun transport network mean public telecommun infrastructur permit telecommun defin network termin point intra corpor commun mean telecommun compani commun compani subsidiari branch subject member domest law regul affili purpos subsidiari branch applic affili defin member intra corpor commun annex exclud commerci commerci servic suppli compani relat subsidiari branch affili offer custom potenti custom refer paragraph subparagraph annex includ subdivis thereof transpar applic articl iii agreement member ensur relev inform condit affect access public telecommun transport network servic publicli includ tariff term condit servic specif technic interfac network servic inform bodi respons prepar adopt standard affect access condit appli attach termin equip notif registr licens requir access public telecommun transport network servic member ensur servic supplier member accord access public telecommun transport network servic reason discriminatori term condit suppli servic includ schedul oblig appli inter alia paragraph member ensur servic supplier member access public telecommun transport network servic offer border member includ privat leas circuit end ensur subject paragraph supplier permit purchas leas attach termin equip interfac network suppli supplier servic ii interconnect privat leas own circuit public telecommun transport network servic circuit leas own servic supplier iii oper protocol servic supplier choic suppli servic ensur avail telecommun transport network servic public gener member ensur servic supplier member public telecommun transport network servic movement inform border includ intra corpor commun servic supplier access inform contain data base store machin readabl form territori member amend measur member significantli affect notifi subject consult accord relev provis agreement notwithstand preced paragraph member measur ensur secur confidenti messag subject requir measur appli manner constitut mean arbitrari unjustifi discrimin disguis restrict trade servic member ensur condit impos access public telecommun transport network servic safeguard public servic respons supplier public telecommun transport network servic abil make network servic public gener ii protect technic integr public telecommun transport network servic iii ensur servic supplier member suppli servic permit pursuant commit member schedul provid satisfi criteria set paragraph condit access public telecommun transport network servic includ restrict resal share servic ii requir technic interfac includ interfac protocol inter connect network servic iii requir inter oper servic encourag achiev goal set paragraph iv type approv termin equip interfac network technic requir relat attach equip network restrict inter connect privat leas own circuit network servic circuit leas own servic supplier vi notif registr licens notwithstand preced paragraph section develop countri member consist level develop place reason condit access public telecommun transport network servic strengthen domest telecommun infrastructur servic capac increas particip intern trade telecommun servic condit member schedul technic cooper member recogn effici advanc telecommun infrastructur countri develop countri essenti expans trade servic end member endors encourag particip fullest extent practic develop develop countri supplier public telecommun transport network servic entiti develop programm intern region organ includ intern telecommun union unit nation develop programm intern bank reconstruct develop member encourag support telecommun cooper develop countri intern region region level cooper relev intern organ member make practic develop countri inform respect telecommun servic develop telecommun inform technolog assist strengthen domest telecommun servic sector member give special consider opportun develop countri encourag foreign supplier telecommun servic assist transfer technolog train activ support develop telecommun infrastructur expans telecommun servic trade relat intern organ agreement member recogn import intern standard global compat inter oper telecommun network servic undertak promot standard work relev intern bodi includ intern telecommun union intern organ standard member recogn role plai inter government government organ agreement ensur effici oper domest global telecommun servic intern telecommun union member make arrang relev consult organ matter aris implement annex annex negoti basic telecommun articl ii annex articl ii exempt includ requir list annex measur inconsist favour nation treatment member maintain enter forc basic telecommun implement date determin paragraph ministeri decis negoti basic telecommun negoti succe date final report negoti group basic telecommun provid decis paragraph appli specif commit basic telecommun inscrib member schedul condit understood term number sector volum trade affect mode suppli order meet condit agreement provid priori exclus mode suppli typic integr citizen parti concern free entri employ market parti includ measur condit pai condit employ social benefit term relev intern organ refer intern bodi membership open relev bodi member wto understood procedur paragraph gatt procedur public order except invok genuin suffici threat pose fundament interest societi measur aim ensur equit effect imposit collect direct tax includ measur member taxat system appli resid servic supplier recognit fact tax oblig resid determin respect taxabl item sourc locat member territori ii appli resid order ensur imposit collect tax member territori iii appli resid resid order prevent avoid evas tax includ complianc measur iv appli consum servic suppli territori member order ensur imposit collect tax consum deriv sourc member territori distinguish servic supplier subject tax worldwid taxabl item servic supplier recognit differ natur tax base vi determin alloc apport incom profit gain loss deduct credit resid person branch relat person branch person order safeguard member tax base tax term concept paragraph articl xiv footnot determin tax definit concept equival similar definit concept domest law member take measur futur work programm determin time frame negoti multilater disciplin conduct member undertak market access commit relat suppli servic mode suppli refer subparagraph articl cross border movement capit essenti part servic member commit movement capit member undertak market access commit relat suppli servic mode suppli refer subparagraph articl commit relat transfer capit territori subparagraph cover measur member limit input suppli servic specif commit assum articl constru requir member compens inher competit disadvantag result foreign charact relev servic servic supplier respect agreement avoid doubl taxat exist date entri forc wto agreement matter brought council trade servic consent parti agreement servic suppli directli jurid person form commerci presenc branch repres offic servic supplier jurid person nonetheless presenc accord treatment provid servic supplier agreement treatment extend presenc servic suppli extend part supplier locat territori servic suppli sole fact requir visa natur person member regard nullifi impair benefit specif commit paragraph understood member ensur oblig annex appli respect supplier public telecommun transport network servic measur term discriminatori understood refer favour nation nation treatment defin agreement reflect sector specif usag term term condit favour accord user public telecommun transport network servic circumst annex agreement trade relat aspect intellectu properti right page part igener provis basic principl part ii standard avail scope intellectu properti right copyright relat right trademark geograph indic industri design patent layout design topographi integr circuit protect undisclos inform control anti competit practic contractu licenc part iii enforc intellectu properti right gener oblig civil administr procedur remedi provision measur special requir relat border measur crimin procedur part iv acquisit mainten intellectu properti right relat inter part procedur part disput prevent settlement part vi transit arrang part vii institut arrang final provis agreement trade relat aspect intellectu properti right member desir reduc distort impedi intern trade take account promot effect adequ protect intellectu properti right ensur measur procedur enforc intellectu properti right barrier legitim trade recogn end rule disciplin applic basic principl gatt relev intern intellectu properti agreement convent provis adequ standard principl avail scope trade relat intellectu properti right provis effect mean enforc trade relat intellectu properti right take account differ nation legal system provis effect expediti procedur multilater prevent settlement disput govern transit arrang aim fullest particip result negoti recogn multilater framework principl rule disciplin deal intern trade counterfeit good recogn intellectu properti right privat right recogn underli public polici object nation system protect intellectu properti includ development technolog object recogn special develop countri member respect maximum flexibl domest implement law regul order enabl creat sound viabl technolog base emphas import reduc tension reach strengthen commit resolv disput trade relat intellectu properti issu multilater procedur desir establish mutual support relationship wto world intellectu properti organ refer agreement wipo relev intern organ agre part gener provis basic principl articl natur scope oblig member give effect provis agreement member oblig implement law extens protect requir agreement provid protect contraven provis agreement member free determin method implement provis agreement legal system practic purpos agreement term intellectu properti refer categori intellectu properti subject section part ii member accord treatment provid agreement nation member respect relev intellectu properti nation member understood natur legal person meet criteria elig protect provid pari convent bern convent rome convent treati intellectu properti respect integr circuit member wto member convent member avail possibl provid paragraph articl paragraph articl rome convent make notif foreseen provis council trade relat aspect intellectu properti right council trip articl intellectu properti convent respect part ii iii iv agreement member compli articl articl pari convent part iv agreement derog exist oblig member pari convent bern convent rome convent treati intellectu properti respect integr circuit articl nation treatment member accord nation member treatment favour accord nation regard protect intellectu properti subject except provid pari convent bern convent rome convent treati intellectu properti respect integr circuit respect perform produc phonogram broadcast organ oblig appli respect right provid agreement member avail possibl provid articl bern convent paragraph articl rome convent make notif foreseen provis council trip member avail except permit paragraph relat judici administr procedur includ design address servic appoint agent jurisdict member except secur complianc law regul inconsist provis agreement practic appli manner constitut disguis restrict trade articl favour nation treatment regard protect intellectu properti advantag favour privileg immun grant member nation countri accord immedi uncondition nation member exempt oblig advantag favour privileg immun accord member deriv intern agreement judici assist law enforc gener natur confin protect intellectu properti grant accord provis bern convent rome convent author treatment accord function nation treatment treatment accord countri respect right perform produc phonogram broadcast organ provid agreement deriv intern agreement relat protect intellectu properti enter forc prior entri forc wto agreement provid agreement notifi council trip constitut arbitrari unjustifi discrimin nation member articl multilater agreement acquisit mainten protect oblig articl appli procedur provid multilater agreement conclud auspic wipo relat acquisit mainten intellectu properti right articl exhaust purpos disput settlement agreement subject provis articl agreement address issu exhaust intellectu properti right articl object protect enforc intellectu properti right contribut promot technolog innov transfer dissemin technolog mutual advantag produc user technolog knowledg manner conduct social econom welfar balanc right oblig articl principl member formul amend law regul adopt measur protect public health nutrit promot public interest sector vital import socio econom technolog develop provid measur consist provis agreement measur provid consist provis agreement need prevent abus intellectu properti right holder resort practic unreason restraint trade advers affect intern transfer technolog part ii standard avail scope intellectu properti right section copyright relat right articl relat bern convent member compli articl bern convent appendix thereto member right oblig agreement respect right confer articl bi convent right deriv therefrom copyright protect extend express idea procedur method oper mathemat concept articl comput program compil data comput program sourc object code protect literari work bern convent compil data materi machin readabl form reason select arrang content constitut intellectu creation protect protect extend data materi prejudic copyright subsist data materi articl rental right respect comput program cinematograph work member provid author successor titl author prohibit commerci rental public origin copi copyright work member except oblig respect cinematograph work rental led widespread copi work materi impair exclus reproduct confer member author successor titl respect comput program oblig appli rental program essenti object rental articl term protect term protect work photograph work work appli art calcul basi life natur person term year end calendar year author public fail author public year make work year end calendar year make articl limit except member confin limitaton except exclus right special case conflict normal exploit work unreason prejudic legitim interest holder articl protect perform produc phonogram sound record broadcast organ respect fixat perform phonogram perform possibl prevent act undertaken author fixat unfix perform reproduct fixat perform possibl prevent act undertaken author broadcast wireless mean commun public live perform produc phonogram enjoi author prohibit direct indirect reproduct phonogram broadcast organ prohibit act undertaken author fixat reproduct fixat broadcast wireless mean broadcast commun public televis broadcast member grant right broadcast organ provid owner copyright subject matter broadcast possibl prevent act subject provis bern convent provis articl respect comput program appli mutati mutandi produc phonogram holder phonogram determin member law april member forc system equit remuner holder respect rental phonogram maintain system provid commerci rental phonogram give rise materi impair exclus right reproduct holder term protect agreement perform produc phonogram end period year comput end calendar year fixat made perform place term protect grant pursuant paragraph year end calendar year broadcast place member relat right confer paragraph provid condit limit except reserv extent permit rome convent provis articl bern convent appli mutati mutandi right perform produc phonogram phonogram section trademark articl protect subject matter sign combin sign capabl distinguish good servic undertak undertak capabl constitut trademark sign word includ person name letter numer figur element combin colour combin sign elig registr trademark sign inher capabl distinguish relev good servic member make registr depend distinct acquir member requir condit registr sign visual percept paragraph understood prevent member deni registr trademark ground provid derog provis pari convent member make registr depend actual trademark condit fill applic registr applic refus sole ground intend place expiri period year date applic natur good servic trademark appli case form obstacl registr trademark member publish trademark regist promptli regist afford reason opportun petit cancel registr addit member afford opportun registr trademark oppos articl right confer owner regist trademark exclus prevent parti owner consent trade ident similar sign good servic ident similar respect trademark regist result likelihood confus case ident sign ident good servic likelihood confus presum right prejudic exist prior right affect possibl member make right basi articl bi pari convent appli mutati mutandi servic determin trademark member account knowledg trademark relev sector public includ knowledg member concern obtain result promot trademark articl bi pari convent appli mutati mutandi good servic similar respect trademark regist provid trademark relat good servic connect good servic owner regist trademark provid interest owner regist trademark damag articl except member provid limit except right confer trademark fair descript term provid except account legitim interest owner trademark parti articl term protect initi registr renew registr trademark term year registr trademark renew indefinit articl requir requir maintain registr registr cancel interrupt period year valid reason base exist obstacl shown trademark owner circumst aris independ owner trademark constitut obstacl trademark import restrict govern requir good servic protect trademark recogn valid reason subject control owner trademark person recogn trademark purpos maintain registr articl requir trademark trade justifi encumb special requir trademark special form manner detriment capabl distinguish good servic undertak undertak preclud requir prescrib trademark identifi undertak produc good servic link trademark distinguish specif good servic question undertak articl licens assign member determin condit licens assign trademark understood compulsori licens trademark permit owner regist trademark assign trademark transfer busi trademark belong section geograph indic articl protect geograph indic geograph indic purpos agreement indic identifi good origin territori member region local territori qualiti reput characterist good essenti attribut geograph origin respect geograph indic member provid legal mean interest parti prevent mean design present good suggest good question origin geograph area true place origin manner mislead public geograph origin good constitut act unfair competit mean articl bi pari convent member officio legisl permit request interest parti refus invalid registr trademark consist geograph indic respect good origin territori indic trademark good member natur mislead public true place origin protect paragraph applic geograph indic liter true territori region local good origin fals repres public good origin territori articl addit protect geograph indic wine spirit member provid legal mean interest parti prevent geograph indic identifi wine wine origin place geograph indic question identifi spirit spirit origin place geograph indic question true origin good geograph indic translat accompani express kind type style imit registr trademark wine consist geograph indic identifi wine spirit consist geograph indic identifi spirit refus invalid officio member legisl permit request interest parti respect wine spirit origin case homonym geograph indic wine protect accord indic subject provis paragraph articl member determin practic condit homonym indic question differenti take account ensur equit treatment produc concern consum misl order facilit protect geograph indic wine negoti undertaken council trip establish multilater system notif registr geograph indic wine elig protect member particip system articl intern negoti except member agre enter negoti aim increas protect individu geograph indic articl provis paragraph member refus conduct negoti conclud bilater multilater agreement context negoti member continu applic provis individu geograph indic subject negoti council trip review applic provis section review place year entri forc wto agreement matter affect complianc oblig provis drawn attent council request member consult member member respect matter respect find satisfactori solut bilater plurilater consult member concern council action agre facilit oper object section implement section member diminish protect geograph indic exist member immedi prior date entri forc wto agreement section requir member prevent continu similar geograph indic member identifi wine spirit connect good servic nation domiciliari geograph indic continu manner regard relat good servic territori member year preced april good faith preced date trademark appli regist good faith right trademark acquir good faith date applic provis member defin part vi geograph indic protect countri origin measur adopt implement section prejudic elig valid registr trademark trademark basi trademark ident similar geograph indic section requir member appli provis respect geograph indic member respect good servic relev indic ident term customari common languag common good servic territori member section requir member appli provis respect geograph indic member respect product vine relev indic ident customari grape varieti exist territori member date entri forc wto agreement member provid request made section connect registr trademark present year advers protect indic gener member date registr trademark member provid trademark publish date date earlier date advers gener member provid geograph indic regist bad faith provis section prejudic person trade person person predecessor busi manner mislead public oblig agreement protect geograph indic ceas protect countri origin fallen disus countri section industri design articl requir protect member provid protect independ creat industri design origin member provid design origin significantli differ design combin design featur member provid protect extend design dictat essenti technic function consider member ensur requir secur protect textil design regard cost examin public unreason impair opportun seek obtain protect member free meet oblig industri design law copyright law articl protect owner protect industri design prevent parti owner consent make sell import articl bear embodi design copi substanti copi protect design act undertaken commerci purpos member provid limit except protect industri design provid except unreason conflict normal exploit protect industri design unreason prejudic legitim interest owner protect design take account legitim interest parti durat protect amount year section patent articl patent subject matter subject provis paragraph patent invent product process field technolog provid involv invent step capabl industri applic subject paragraph articl paragraph articl paragraph articl patent patent right enjoy discrimin place invent field technolog product import local produc member exclud patent invent prevent territori commerci exploit protect ordr public moral includ protect human anim plant life health avoid prejudic environ provid exclus made exploit prohibit law member exclud patent diagnost therapeut surgic method treatment human anim plant anim micro organ essenti biolog process product plant anim biolog microbiolog process member provid protect plant varieti patent effect sui generi system combin thereof provis subparagraph review year date entri forc wto agreement articl right confer patent confer owner exclus right subject matter patent product prevent parti owner consent act make offer sale sell import purpos product subject matter patent process prevent parti owner consent act process act offer sale sell import purpos product obtain directli process patent owner assign transfer success patent conclud licens contract articl condit patent applic member requir applic patent disclos invent manner suffici clear complet invent carri person skill art requir applic mode carri invent inventor file date prioriti claim prioriti date applic member requir applic patent provid inform applic foreign applic grant articl except right confer member provid limit except exclus right confer patent provid except unreason conflict normal exploit patent unreason prejudic legitim interest patent owner take account legitim interest parti articl author holder law member subject matter patent author holder includ govern parti author govern provis respect author consid individu merit permit prior propos user made effort obtain author holder reason commerci term condit effort success reason period time requir waiv member case nation emerg circumst extrem urgenc case public commerci situat nation emerg circumst extrem urgenc holder notifi practic case public commerci govern contractor make patent search demonstr ground valid patent govern holder inform promptli scope durat limit purpos author case semi conductor technolog public commerci remedi practic determin judici administr process anti competit exclus assign part enterpris goodwil enjoi author predominantli suppli domest market member author author liabl subject adequ protect legitim interest person author termin circumst led ceas exist recur compet author author review motiv request continu exist circumst holder paid adequ remuner circumst case take account econom author legal valid decis relat author subject judici review independ review distinct higher author member decis relat remuner provid respect subject judici review independ review distinct higher author member member oblig appli condit set subparagraph permit remedi practic determin judici administr process anti competit correct anti competit practic account determin amount remuner case compet author author refus termin author condit led author recur author permit exploit patent patent exploit infring patent patent addit condit appli invent claim patent involv import technic advanc consider econom signific relat invent claim patent ii owner patent entitl cross licenc reason term invent claim patent iii author respect patent assign assign patent articl revoc forfeitur opportun judici review decis revok forfeit patent articl term protect term protect end expir period twenti year count file date articl process patent burden proof purpos civil proceed respect infring right owner refer paragraph articl subject matter patent process obtain product judici author author order defend prove process obtain ident product patent process member provid circumst ident product produc consent patent owner absenc proof contrari deem obtain patent process product obtain patent process substanti likelihood ident product made process owner patent unabl reason effort determin process member free provid burden proof paragraph alleg infring conditon refer subparagraph fulfil condit refer subparagraph fulfil adduct proof contrari legitim interest defend protect manufactur busi secret account section layout design topographi integr circuit articl relat ipic treati member agre provid protect layout design topographi integr circuit refer agreement layout design accord articl paragraph articl articl paragraph articl treati intellectu properti respect integr circuit addit compli provis articl scope protect subject provis paragraph articl member unlaw act perform author holder impor sell distribut commerci purpos protect layout design integr circuit protect layout design incorpor articl incorpor integr circuit continu unlawfulli reproduc layout design articl act requir author holder notwithstand articl member unlaw perform act refer articl respect integr circuit incorpor unlawfulli reproduc layout design articl incorport integr circuit person perform order act reason ground acquir integr circuit articl incorpor integr circuit incorpor unlawfulli reproduc layout design member provid time person receiv suffici notic layout design unlawfulli reproduc person perform act respect stock hand order time liabl pai holder sum equival reason royalti payabl freeli negoti licenc respect layout design condit set subparagraph articl appli mutati mutandi event voluntari licens layout design govern author holder articl term protect member requir registr condit protect term protect layout design end expir period year count date file applic registr commerci exploit world occur member requir registr condit protect layout design protect term year date commerci exploit world occur notwithstand paragraph member provid protect laps year creation layout design section protect undisclos inform articl ensur effect protect unfair competit provid articl bi pari convent member protect undisclos inform accord paragraph data submit govern government agenc accord paragraph natur legal person possibl prevent inform lawfulli control disclos acquir consent manner contrari honest commerci practic long inform secret sens bodi precis configur assembl compon gener readili access person circl deal kind inform question commerci vavlu secret subject reason step circumst person lawfulli control inform secret member requir condit approv market pharmaceut agricultur chemic product util chemic entiti submiss undisclos test data origin involv consider effort protect data unfair commerci addit member protect data disclosur protect public step ensur data protect unfair commerci section control anti competit practic contractu licenc articl member agre licens practic condit pertain intellectu properti right restrain competit advers effect trade imped transfer dissemin technolog agreement prevent member legisl licens practic condit case constitut abus intellectu properti right advers effect competit relev market provid member adopt consist provis agreement measur prevent control practic includ exclus grantback condit condit prevent challeng valid coerciv packag licens light relev law regul member member enter request consult member intellectu properti owner nation domiciliari member request consult address undertak practic violat request member law regul subject matter section wish secur complianc legisl prejudic action law full freedom ultim decis member member address accord full sympathet consider afford adequ opportun consult request member cooper suppli publicli confidenti inform relev matter question inform member subject domest law conclus mutual satisfactori agreement safeguard confidenti request member member nation domiciliari subject proceed member alleg violat member law regul subject matter section request grant opportun consult member condit foreseen paragraph part iii enforc intellectu properti right section gener oblig articl member ensur enforc procedur part law permit effect action act infring intellectu properti right cover agreement includ expediti remedi prevent infring remedi constitut deterr infring procedur appli manner avoid creation barrier legitim trade provid safeguard abus procedur enforc intellectu properti right fair equit unnecessarili complic costli entail unreason time limit unwarr delai decis merit case prefer write reason made parti proceed undu delai decis merit case base evid respect parti offer opportun heard parti proceed opportun review judici author final administr decis subject jurisdict provis member law import case legal aspect initi judici decis merit case oblig provid opportun review acquitt crimin case understood part creat oblig put place judici system enforc intellectu properti right distinct enforc law gener affect capac member enforc law gener part creat oblig respect distribut resourc enforc intellectu properti right enforc law gener section civil administr procedur remedi articl fair equit procedur member make holder civil judici procedur enforc intellectu properti cover agreement defend written notic time suffici detail includ basi claim parti allow repres independ legal counsel procedur impos overli burdensom requir mandatori person appear parti procedur duli entitl substanti claim present relev evid procedur provid mean identifi protect confidenti inform contrari exist constitut requir articl evid judici author author parti present evid suffici support claim evid relev substanti claim li control oppos parti order evid produc oppos parti subject case condit ensur protect confidenti inform case parti proceed voluntarili good reason refus access provid inform reason period significantli imped procedur relat enforc action member accord judici author author make preliminari final determin affirm neg basi inform present includ complaint alleg present parti advers affect denial access inform subject provid parti opportun heard alleg evid articl injunct judici author author order parti desist infring inter alia prevent entri channel commerc jurisdict import good involv infring intellectu properti immedi custom clearanc good member oblig accord author respect protect subject matter acquir order person prior know reason ground deal subject matter entail infring intellectu properti notwithstand provis part provid provis part ii specif address govern parti author govern author holder compli member limit remedi payment remuner accord subparagraph articl case remedi part appli remedi inconsist member law declaratori judgment adequ compens articl damag judici author author order infring pai holder damag adequ compens injuri holder suffer infring person intellectu properti infring knowingli reason ground engag infring activ judici author author order infring pai holder expens includ attornei fee case member author judici author order recoveri profit payment pre establish damag infring knowingli reason ground engag infring activ articl remedi order creat effect deterr infring judici author author order good found infring compens sort dispos channel commerc manner avoid harm caus holder contrari exist constitut requir destroi judici author author order materi implement predomin creation infring good compens sort dispos channel commerc manner minim risk infring request proportion serious infring remedi order interest parti account regard counterfeit trademark good simpl remov trademark unlawfulli affix suffici except case permit releas good channel commerc articl inform member provid judici author author proport serious infring order infring inform holder ident person involv product distribut infring good servic channel distribut articl indemnif defend judici organ author order parti request measur abus enforc procedur provid parti wrongfulli enjoin restrain adequ compens injuri suffer abus judici author author order applic pai defend expens includ attornei fee respect administr law pertain protect enforc intellectu properti right member exempt public author offici liabil remedi measur action intend good faith administr law articl administr procedur extent civil remedi order result administr procedur merit case procedur conform principl equival substanc set section section provision measur articl judici author author order prompt effect provision measur prevent infring intellectu properti occur prevent entri channel commerc jurisdict good includ import good immedi custom clearanc preserv relev evid regard alleg infring judici author author adopt provision measur inaudita altera part delai irrepar harm holder demonstr risk evid destroi judici author author requir applic provid evid order satisfi suffici degre certainti applic holder applic infring infring immin order applic provid secur equival assur suffici protect defend prevent abus provision measur adopt inaudita altera part parti affect notic delai execut measur latest review includ heard place request defend view decid period notif measur measur modifi revok confirm applic requir suppli inform identif good concern author execut provision measur prejudic paragraph provision measur basi paragraph request defend revok ceas effect proceed lead decis merit case initi reason period determin judici author order measur member law permit absenc determin exce work dai calendar dai whichev longer provision measur revok laps due act omiss applic subsequ found infring threat infring intellectu properti judici author author order applic request defend provid defend compens injuri caus measur extent provision measur order result administr procedur procedur conform principl equival substanc set section section special requir relat border measur articl suspens releas custom author member conform provis set adopt procedur enabl holder valid ground suspect import counterfeit trademark pirat copyright good place lodg applic write compet author administr judici suspens custom author releas free circul good member enabl applic made respect good involv infring intellectu properti right provid requir section met member provid procedur suspens custom author releas infring good destin export territori articl applic holder initi procedur articl requir provid adequ evid satisfi compet author law countri import prima faci infring holder intellectu properti suppli suffici detail descript good make readili recogniz custom author compet author inform applic reason period accept applic determin compet author period custom author action articl secur equival assur compet author author requir applic provid secur equival assur suffici protect defend compet author prevent abus secur equival assur unreason deter recours procedur pursuant applic section releas good involv industri design patent layout design undisclos inform free circul suspend custom author basi decis judici independ author period provid articl expir grant provision relief duli empow author provid condit import compli owner import consigne good entitl releas post secur amount suffici protect holder infring payment secur prejudic remedi holder understood secur releas holder fail pursu action reason period time articl notic suspens import applic promptli notifi suspens releas good articl articl durat suspens period exceed work dai applic serv notic suspens custom author inform proceed lead decis merit case initi parti defend duli empow author provision measur prolong suspens releas good good releas provid condit import export compli case time limit extend work dai proceed lead decis merit case initi review includ heard place request defend view decid reason period measur modifi revok confirm notwithstand suspens releas good carri continu accord provision judici measur provis paragraph articl appli articl indemnif import owner good relev author author order applic pai import consigne owner good compens injuri caus wrong detent good detent good releas pursuant articl articl inspect inform prejudic protect confidenti inform member provid compet author author give holder suffici opportun good detain custom author inspect order substanti holder claim compet author author give import equival opportun good inspect posit determin made merit case member provid compet author author inform holder name address consignor import consigne quantiti good question articl officio action member requir compet author act initi suspend releas good respect acquir prima faci evid intellectu properti infring compet author time seek holder inform assist exercis power import holder promptli notifi suspens import lodg appeal suspens compet author suspens subject condit mutati mutandi set articl member exempt public author offici liabil remedi measur action intend good faith articl remedi prejudic right action open holder subject defend seek review judici author compet author author order destruct dispos infring good accord principl set articl regard counterfeit trademark good author export infring good unalt state subject custom procedur except circumst articl de minimi import member exclud applic provis small quantiti good commerci natur contain travel person luggag small consign section crimin procedur articl member provid crimin procedur penalti appli case wil trademark counterfeit copyright piraci commerci scale remedi includ imprison monetari fine suffici provid deterr consist level penalti appli crime graviti case remedi includ seizur forfeitur destruct infring good materi implement predomin commiss offenc member provid crimin procedur penalti appli case infring intellectu properti right commit wilfulli commerci scale part iv acquisit mainten intellectu properti right relat inter part procedur articl member requir condit acquisit mainten intellectu properti right provid section part ii complianc reason procedur formal procedur formal consist provis agreement acquisit intellectu properti subject grant regist member ensur procedur grant registr subject complianc substant condit acquisit permit grant registr reason period time avoid unwarr curtail period protect articl pari convent appli mutati mutandi servic mark procedur acquisit mainten intellectu properti right member law procedur administr revoc inter part procedur opposit revoc cancel govern gener principl set paragraph articl final administr decis procedur refer paragraph subject review judici quasi judici author oblig provid opportun review decis case unsuccess opposit administr revoc provid ground procedur subject invalid procedur part disput prevent settlement articl transpar law regul final judici decis administr rule gener applic made effect member pertain subject matter agreement avail scope acquisit enforc prevent abus intellectu properti right publish public practic made publicli nation languag manner enabl govern holder acquaint agreement subject matter agreement forc govern government agenc member govern government agenc member publish member notifi law regul refer paragraph council trip order assist council review oper agreement council attempt minim burden member carri oblig decid waiv oblig notifi law regul directli council consult wipo establish common regist law regul success council connect action requir notif pursuant oblig agreement stem provis articl ter pari convent member prepar suppli respons written request member inform sort refer paragraph member reason specif judici decis administr rule bilater agreement area intellectu properti right affect right agreement request write access inform suffici detail specif judici decis administr rule bilater agreement paragraph requir member disclos confidenti inform imped law enforc contrari public interest prejudic legitim commerci interest enterpris public privat articl disput settlement provis articl xxii xxiii gatt elabor appli disput settlement understand appli consult settlement disput agreement specif provid subparagraph articl xxiii gatt appli settlement disput agreement period year date entri forc wto agreement time period refer paragraph council trip examin scope modal complaint type provid subparagraph articl xxiii gatt made pursuant agreement submit recommend ministeri confer approv decis ministeri confer approv recommend extend period paragraph made consensu approv recommend effect member formal accept process part vi transit arrang articl transit arrang subject provis paragraph member oblig appli provis agreement expiri gener period year date entri forc wto agreement develop countri member entitl delai period year date applic defin paragraph provis agreement articl member process transform central plan market free enterpris economi undertak structur reform intellectu properti system face special problem prepar implement intellectu properti law regul benefit period delai foreseen paragraph extent develop countri member oblig agreement extend product patent protect area technolog protect territori gener date applic agreement member defin paragraph delai applic provis product patent section part ii area technolog addit period year member avail transit period paragraph ensur law regul practic made period result lesser degre consist provis agreement articl develop countri member view special requir develop countri member econom financi administr constraint flexibl creat viabl technolog base member requir appli provis agreement articl period year date applic defin paragraph articl council trip duli motiv request develop countri member accord extens period develop countri member provid incent enterpris institut territori purpos promot encourag technolog transfer develop countri member order enabl creat sound viabl technolog base articl technic cooper order facilit implement agreement develop countri member provid request mutual agre term condit technic financi cooper favour develop develop countri member cooper includ assist prepar law regul protect enforc intellectu properti right prevent abus includ support establish reinforc domest offic agenc relev matter includ train personnel part vii institut arrang final provis articl council trade relat aspect intellectu properti right council trip monitor oper agreement member complianc oblig hereund afford member opportun consult matter relat trade relat aspect intellectu properti right carri respons assign member provid assist request context op disput settlement procedur carri function council trip consult seek inform sourc deem consult wipo council seek establish year meet arrang cooper bodi organ articl intern cooper member agre cooper view elimin intern trade good infring intellectu properti right purpos establish notifi contact point administr readi exchang inform trade infring good promot exchang inform cooper custom author regard trade counterfeit trademark good pirat copyright good articl protect exist subject matter agreement give rise oblig respect act occur date applic agreement member question provid agreement agreement rise oblig respect subject matter exist date applic agreement member question protect member date meet subsequ meet criteria protect term agreement respect paragraph paragraph copyright oblig respect exist work sole determin articl bern convent oblig respect right produc phonogram perform exist phonogram determin sole articl bern convent made applic paragraph articl agreement oblig restor protect subject matter date applic agreement member question fallen public domain respect act respect specif object embodi protect subject matter infring term legisl conform agreement commenc respect signific invest made date accept wto agreement member member provid limit remedi holder continu perform act date applic agreement member case member provid payment equit remuner member oblig appli provis articl paragraph articl respect origin copi purchas prior date applic agreement member member requir appli articl requir paragraph articl patent right enjoy discrimin field technolog author holder author grant govern date agreement case intellectu properti right protect condit registr applic protect pend date applic agreement member question permit amend claim enhanc protect provid provis agreement amend includ matter member make date entri forc wto agreement patent protect pharmaceut agricultur chemic product commensur oblig articl member notwithstand provis part vi provid date entri forc wto agreement mean applic patent invent file appli applic date applic agreement criteria patent laid agreement criteria appli date file member prioriti claim prioriti date applic provid patent protect accord agreement grant patent remaind patent term count file date accord articl agreement applic meet criteria protect refer subparagraph product subject patent applic member accord paragraph exclus market right grant notwithstand provis part vi period year obtain market approv member product patent grant reject member whichev period shorter provid subsequ entri forc wto agreement patent applic file patent grant product member market approv obtain member articl review amend council trip review implement agreement expir transit period refer paragraph articl council regard experi gain implement review year date ident interv council undertak review light relev develop warrant modif amend agreement amend serv purpos adjust higher level protect intellectu properti right achiev forc multilater agreement accept agreement member wto refer ministeri confer action accord paragraph articl wto agreement basi consensu propos council trip articl reserv reserv enter respect provis agreement consent member articl secur except agreement constru requir member furnish inform disclosur consid contrari essenti secur interest prevent member take action consid protect essenti secur interest relat fission materi materi deriv ii relat traffic arm ammunit implement war traffic good materi carri directli indirectli purpos suppli militari establish iii time war emerg intern relat prevent member take action pursuanc oblig unit nation charter mainten intern peac secur nation refer agreement deem case separ custom territori member wto person natur legal domicil real effect industri commerci establish custom territori agreement pari convent refer pari convent protect industri properti pari convent refer stockholm act convent juli bern convent refer bern convent protect literari artist work bern convent refer pari act convent juli rome convent refer intern convent protect perform produc phonogram broadcast organ adopt rome octob treati intellectu properti respect integr circuit ipic treati refer treati intellectu properti respect integr circuit adopt washington wto agreement refer agreement establish wto purpos articl protect includ matter affect avail acquisit scope mainten enforc intellectu properti right matter affect intellectu properti right specif address agreement notwithstand sentenc articl member respect oblig provid enforc administr action purpos articl term invent step capabl industri applic deem member synonym term obviou right confer agreement respect sale import distribut good subject provis articl refer allow articl understood member system origin grant provid term protect comput file date system origin grant term holder section understood mean term holder ipic treati purpos provis manner contrari honest commerci practic practic breach contract breach confid induc breach includ acquisit undisclos inform parti knew grossli neglig fail practic involv acquisit purpos part term holder includ feder associ legal stand assert right member dismantl substanti control movement good border member form part custom union requir appli provis section border understood oblig appli procedur import good put market countri consent holder good transit purpos agreement counterfeit trademark good good includ packag bear author trademark ident trademark validli regist respect good distinguish essenti aspect trademark infring right owner trademark question law countri import pirat copyright good good copi made consent holder person duli author holder countri product made directli indirectli articl make copi constitut infring copyright relat law countri import annex understand rule procedur govern settlement disput member agre articl coverag applic rule procedur understand appli disput brought pursuant consult disput settlement provis agreement list appendix understand refer understand cover agreement rule procedur understand appli consult settlement disput member right oblig provis agreement establish world trade organ refer understand wto agreement understand isol combin cover agreement rule procedur understand appli subject special addit rule procedur disput settlement contain cover agreement identifi appendix understand extent differ rule procedur understand special addit rule procedur set appendix special addit rule procedur appendix prevail disput involv rule procedur cover agreement conflict special addit rule procedur agreement review parti disput agre rule procedur dai establish panel chairman disput settlement bodi provid paragraph articl refer understand dsb consult parti disput determin rule procedur dai request member chairman guid principl special addit rule procedur rule procedur set understand extent avoid conflict articl administr disput settlement bodi establish administ rule procedur provid cover agreement consult disput settlement provis cover agreement dsb author establish panel adopt panel appel bodi report maintain surveil implement rule recommend author suspens concess oblig cover agreement respect disput aris cover agreement plurilater trade agreement term member refer member parti relev plurilater trade agreement dsb administ disput settlement provis plurilater trade agreement member parti agreement particip decis action dsb respect disput dsb inform relev wto council committe develop disput relat provis respect cover agreement dsb meet carri function time frame provid understand rule procedur understand provid dsb decis consensu articl gener provis member affirm adher principl manag disput heretofor appli articl xxii xxiii gatt rule procedur elabor modifi disput settlement system wto central element provid secur predict multilater trade system member recogn serv preserv right oblig member cover agreement clarifi exist provis agreement accord customari rule interpret public intern law recommend rule dsb add diminish right oblig provid cover agreement prompt settlement situat member consid benefit accru direcli indirectli cover agreement impair measur member essenti effect function wto mainten proper balanc right oblig member recommend rule made dsb aim achiev satisfactori settlement matter accord right oblig understand cover agreement solut matter formal rais consult disput settlement provis cover agreement includ arbitr award consist agreement nullifi impair benefit accru member agreement imped attain object agreement mutual agre solut matter formal rais consult disput settlement provis cover agreement notifi dsb relev council committe member rais point relat thereto bring case member exercis judgement action procedur fruit aim disput settlement mechan secur posit solut disput solut mutual accept parti disput consist cover agreement prefer absenc mutual agre solut object disput settlement mechan secur withdraw measur concern found inconsist provis cover agreement provis compens resort withdraw measur impractic temporari measur pend withdraw measur inconsist cover agreement resort understand member invok disput settlement procedur possibl suspend applic concess oblig cover agreement discriminatori basi vi vi member subject author dsb measur case infring oblig assum cover agreement action consid prima faci constitut case nullif impair mean presumpt breach rule advers impact member parti cover agreement case member complaint brought rebut charg provis understand prejudic right member seek authorit interpret provis cover agreement decis make wto agreement cover agreement plurilater trade agreement understood request concili disput settlement procedur intend consid contenti act disput aris member engag procedur good faith effort resolv disput understood complaint counter complaint regard distinct matter link understand appli respect request consult consult provis cover agreement made date entri forc wto agreement respect disput request consult made gatt predecessor agreement cover agreement date entri forc wto agreement relev disput settlement rule procedur effect immedi prior date entri forc wto agreement continu appli notwithstand paragraph complaint base cover agreement brought develop countri member develop countri member complain parti invok altern provis contain articl understand provis decis april bisd panel consid time frame provid paragraph decis insuffici provid report agreement complain parti time frame extend extent differ rule procedur articl rule procedur decis prevail articl consult member affirm resolv strengthen improv effect consult procedur emploi member member undertak accord sympathet consider afford adequ opportun consult represent made member measur affect oper cover agreement territori request consult made pursuant cover agreement member request made mutual agre repli request dai date receipt enter consult good faith period dai date receipt request view reach mutual satisfactori solut member respond dai date receipt request enter consult period dai period mutual agre date receipt request member request hold consult proce directli request establish panel request consult notifi dsb relev council committe member request consult request consult submit write give reason request includ identif measur issu indic legal basi complaint consult accord provis cover agreement resort action understand member attempt obtain satisfactori adjust matter consult confidenti prejudic right member proceed consult fail settl disput dai date receipt request consult complain parti request establish panel complain parti request panel dai period consult parti jointli consult fail settl disput case urgenc includ concern perish good member enter consult period dai date receipt request consult fail settl disput period dai date receipt request complain parti request establish panel case urgenc includ concern perish good parti disput panel appel bodi make effort acceler proceed greatest extent consult member give special attent problem interest develop countri member member consult member consid substanti trade interest consult held pursuant paragraph articl xxii gatt paragraph articl xxii gat provis cover agreement member notifi consult member dsb dai date circul request consultaton articl desir join consult member join consult provid member request consult address agree claim substanti interest found event inform dsb request join consult accept applic member free request consult paragraph articl xxii paragraph articl xxiii gatt paragraph articl xxii paragraph articl xxiii gat provis cover agreement articl good offic concili mediat good offic concili mediat procedur undertaken voluntarili parti disput agre proceed involv good offic concili mediat posit parti disput proceed confidenti prejudic right parti proceed procedur good offic concili mediat request time parti disput begin time termin time procedur good offic concili mediat termin complain parti proce request establish panel good offic concili mediat enter dai date receipt request consult complain parti period dai date receipt request consult request establish panel complain parti request establish panel dai period parti disput jointli good offic concili mediat process fail settl disput parti disput agre procedur good offic concili mediat continu panel process proce director gener act officio capac offer good offic concili mediat view assist member settl disput articl establish panel complain parti request panel establish latest dsb meet request appear item dsb agenda meet dsb decid consensu establish panel request establish panel made write consult held identifi specif measur issu provid summari legal basi complaint suffici present problem case applic request establish panel standard term refer written request includ propos text special term refer articl term refer panel panel term refer parti disput agre dai establish panel examin light relev provis cover agreement cite parti disput matter refer dsb parti document make find assist dsb make recommend give rule provid agreement panel address relev provis cover agreement agreement cite parti disput establish panel dsb author chairman draw term refer panel consult parti disput subject provis paragraph term refer drawn circul member standard term refer agre member rais point relat thereto dsb articl composit panel panel compos qualifi government government individu includ person serv present case panel serv repres member contract parti gatt repres council committe cover agreement predecessor agreement secretariat taught publish intern trade law polici serv senior trade polici offici member panel member select view ensur independ member suffici divers background wide spectrum experi citizen member govern parti disput parti defin paragraph articl serv panel concern disput parti disput agre assist select panelist secretariat maintain indic list government government individu possess qualif outlin paragraph panelist drawn list includ roster government panelist establish novemb bisd roster indic list establish cover agreement retain name person roster indic list time entri forc wto agreement member period suggest name government government individu inclus indic list provid relev inform knowledg intern trade sector subject matter cover agreement name ad list approv dsb individu list list specif area experi expertis individu sector subject matter cover agreement panel compos panelist parti disput agre dai establish panel panel compos panelist member inform promptli composit panel secretariat propos nomin panel parti disput parti disput oppos nomin compel reason agreement panelist dai date establish panel request parti director gener consult chairman dsb chairman relev council committe determin composit panel appoint panelist director gener consid accord relev special addit rule procedur cover agreement cover agreement issu disput consult parti disput chairman dsb inform member composit panel form dai date chairman receiv request member undertak gener rule permit offici serv panelist panelist serv individu capac govern repres repres organ member give instruct seek influenc individu regard matter panel disput develop countri member develop countri member panel develop countri member request includ panelist develop countri member panelist expens includ travel subsist allow met wto budget accord criteria adopt gener council base recommend committe budget financ administr articl procedur multipl complain member request establish panel relat matter singl panel establish examin complaint take account right member concern singl panel establish examin complaint feasibl singl panel organ examin present find dsb manner right parti disput enjoi separ panel examin complaint impair parti disput request panel submit separ report disput concern written submiss complain made complain complain present complain present view panel panel establish examin complaint relat matter greatest extent person serv panelist separ panel timet panel process disput harmon articl parti interest parti disput member cover agreement issu disput fulli account panel process member substanti interest manner panel notifi interest dsb refer understand parti opportun heard panel make written submiss panel submiss parti disput reflect panel report parti receiv submiss parti disput meet panel parti consid measur subject panel proceed nullifi impair benefit accru cover agreement member recours normal disput settlement procedur understand disput refer origin panel articl function panel function panel assist dsb discharg respons understand cover agreement panel make object assess matter includ object assess fact case applic conform relev cover agreement make find assist dsb make recommend give rule provid cover agreement panel consult regularli parti disput give adequ opportun develop mutual satisfactori solut articl panel procedur panel follow work procedur appendix panel decid consult parti disput panel procedur provid suffici flexibl ensur highli qualiti panel report unduli delai panel process consult parti disput panelist practic week composit term refer panel agre fix timet panel process take account provis paragraph articl relev determin timet panel process panel provid suffici time parti disput prepar submiss panel set precis deadlin written submiss parti parti respect deadlin parti disput deposit written submiss secretariat transmiss panel parti parti disput complain parti submit submiss advanc respond parti submiss panel decid fix timet refer paragraph consult parti disput parti submit submiss simultan sequenti arrang deposit submiss panel establish firm time period receipt respond parti submiss subsequ written submiss submit simultan parti disput fail develop mutual satisfactori solut panel submit find form written report dsb case report panel set find fact applic relev provis basic rational find recommend make settlement manner parti disput found report panel confin descript case report solut reach order make procedur effici period panel conduct examin date composit term refer panel agre date final report issu parti disput gener rule exce month case urgenc includ relat perish good panel aim issu report parti disput month panel consid issu report month month case urgenc inform dsb write reason delai estim period issu report case period establish panel circul report member exce month context consult involv measur develop countri member parti agre extend period establish paragraph articl relev period elaps consult parti agre consult conclud chairman dsb decid consult parti extend relev period long addit examin complaint develop countri member panel accord suffici time develop countri member prepar present argument provis paragraph articl paragraph articl affect action pursuant paragraph parti develop countri member panel report explicitli form account relev provis differenti favour treatment develop countri member form part cover agreement rais develop countri member disput settlement procedur panel suspend work time request complain parti period exce month event suspens time frame set paragraph articl paragraph articl paragraph articl extend amount time work suspend work panel suspend month author establish panel laps articl seek inform panel seek inform technic advic individu bodi deem panel seek inform advic individu bodi jurisdict member inform author member member respond promptli fulli request panel inform panel consid confidenti inform provid reveal formal author individu bodi author member provid inform panel seek inform relev sourc consult expert obtain opinion aspect matter respect factual issu scientif technic matter rais parti disput panel request advisori report write expert review group rule establish group procedur set appendix articl confidenti panel deliber confidenti report panel draft presenc parti disput light inform provid statement made opinion express panel report individu panelist anonym articl interim review stage consider rebutt submiss oral argument panel issu descript factual argument section draft report parti disput period time set panel parti submit comment write expir set period time receipt comment parti disput panel issu interim report parti includ descript section panel find conclus period time set panel parti submit written request panel review precis aspect interim report prior circul final report member request parti panel hold meet parti issu identifi written comment comment receiv parti comment period interim report consid final panel report circul promptli member find final panel report includ discuss argument made interim review stage interim review stage conduct time period set paragraph articl articl adopt panel report order provid suffici time member panel report report consid adopt dsb dai date circul member member object panel report give written reason explain object circul dai prior dsb meet panel report consid parti disput particip fulli consider panel report dsb view fulli record dai date circul panel report member report adopt dsb meet parti disput formal notifi dsb decis appeal dsb decid consensu adopt report parti notifi decis appeal report panel consid adopt dsb complet appeal adopt procedur prejudic member express view panel report articl appel review stand appel bodi stand appel bodi establish dsb appel bodi hear appeal panel case compos person serv case person serv appel bodi serv rotat rotat determin work procedur appel bodi dsb appoint person serv appel bodi year term person reappoint term person appoint immedi entri forc wto agreement expir end year determin lot vacanc fill aris person appoint replac person term offic expir hold offic remaind predecessor term appel bodi compris person recogn author demonstr expertis law intern trade subject matter cover agreement gener unaffili govern appel bodi membership broadli repres membership wto person serv appel bodi time short notic stai abreast disput settlement activ relev activ wto particip consider disput creat direct indirect conflict interest parti disput parti appeal panel report parti notifi dsb substanti interest matter pursuant paragraph articl make written submiss opportun heard appel bodi gener rule proceed exce dai date parti disput formal notifi decis appeal date appel bodi circul report fix timet appel bodi account provis paragraph articl relev appel bodi consid provid report dai inform dsb write reason delai estim period submit report case proceed exce dai appeal limit issu law cover panel report legal interpret develop panel appel bodi provid administr legal support requir expens person serv appel bodi includ travel subsist allow met wto budget accord criteria adopt gener council base recommend committe budget financ administr procedur appel review work procedur drawn appel bodi consult chairman dsb director gener commun member inform proceed appel bodi confidenti report appel bodi draft presenc parti disput light inform provid statement made opinion express appel bodi report individu serv appel bodi anonym appel bodi address issu rais accord paragraph appel proceed appel bodi uphold modifi revers legal find conclus panel adopt appel bodi report appel bodi report adopt dsb uncondition accept parti disput dsb decid consensu adopt appel bodi report dai circul member adopt procedur prejudic member express view appel bodi report articl commun panel appel bodi part commun panel appel bodi matter consider panel appel bodi written submiss panel appel bodi treat confidenti made parti disput understand preclud parti disput disclos statement posit public member treat confidenti inform submit member panel appel bodi member design confidenti parti disput request member provid confidenti summari inform contain written submiss disclos public articl panel appel bodi recommend panel appel bodi conclud measur inconsist cover agreement recommend member concern bring measur conform agreement addit recommend panel appel bodi suggest wai member concern implement recommend accord paragraph articl find recommend panel appel bodi add diminish right oblig provid cover agreement articl time frame dsb decis agre parti disput period date establish panel dsb date dsb consid panel appel report adopt gener rule exce month panel report appeal month report appeal panel appel bodi act pursuant paragraph articl paragraph articl extend time provid report addit time ad period articl surveil implement recommend rule prompt complianc recommend rule dsb essenti order ensur effect resolut disput benefit member attent paid matter affect interest develop countri member respect measur subject disput settlement dsb meet held dai date adopt panel appel bodi report member concern inform dsb intent respect implement recommend rule dsb impractic compli immedi recommend rule member concern reason period time reason period time period time propos member concern provid period approv dsb absenc approv period time mutual agre parti disput dai date adopt recommend rule absenc agreement period time determin bind arbitr dai date adopt recommend rule arbitr guidelin arbitr reason period time implement panel appel bodi recommend exce month date adopt panel appel bodi report time shorter longer depend circumst panel appel bodi extend pursuant paragraph articl paragraph articl time provid report period date establish panel dsb date determin reason period time exce month parti disput agre panel appel bodi act extend time provid report addit time ad month period provid parti disput agre except circumst total time exce month disagr exist consist cover agreement measur compli recommend rule disput decid recours disput settlement procedur includ resort origin panel panel circul report dai date referr matter panel consid provid report time frame inform dsb write reason delai estim period submit report dsb surveil implement adopt recommend rule issu implement recommend rule rais dsb member time adopt dsb decid issu implement recommend rule agenda dsb meet month date establish reason period time pursuant paragraph remain dsb agenda issu resolv dai prior dsb meet member concern provid dsb statu report write progress implement recommend rule matter rais develop countri member dsb action circumst case brought develop countri member action dsb account trade coverag measur complain impact economi develop countri member concern articl compens suspens concess compens suspens concess oblig temporari measur event recommend rule implement reason period time compens suspens concess oblig prefer full implement recommend bring measur conform cover agreement compens voluntari grant consist cover agreement member concern fail bring measur found inconsist cover agreement complianc therewith compli recommend rule reason period time determin pursuant paragraph articl member request expiri reason period time enter negoti parti invok disput settlement procedur view develop mutual accept compens satisfactori compens agre dai date expiri reason period time parti invok disput settlement procedur request author dsb suspend applic member concern concess oblig cover agreement concess oblig suspend complain parti appli principl procedur gener principl complain parti seek suspend concess oblig respect sector panel appel bodi found violat nullif impair parti consid practic effect suspend concess oblig respect sector seek suspend concess oblig sector agreement parti consid practic effect suspend concess oblig respect sector agreement circumst seek suspend concess oblig cover agreement appli principl parti account trade sector agreement panel appel bodi found violat nullif impair import trade parti ii broader econom element relat nullif impair broader econom consequ suspens concess oblig parti decid request author suspend concess oblig pursuant subparagraph state reason therefor request time request forward dsb forward relev council case request pursuant subparagraph relev sectori bodi purpos paragraph sector mean respect good good ii respect servic princip sector identifi current servic sector classif list identifi sector iii respect trade relat intellectu properti right categori intellectu properti right cover section section section section section section section part ii oblig part iii part iv agreement trip purpos paragraph agreement mean respect good agreement list annex wto agreement plurilater trade agreement relev parti disput parti agreement ii respect servic gat iii respect intellectu properti right agreement trip level suspens concess oblig author dsb equival level nullif impair dsb author suspens concess oblig cover agreement prohibit suspens situat paragraph occur dsb request grant author suspend concess oblig dai expiri reason period time dsb decid consensu reject request member concern object level suspens propos claim principl procedur set paragraph complain parti request author suspend concess oblig pursuant paragraph matter refer arbitr arbitr carri origin panel member arbitr appoint director gener complet dai date expiri reason period time concess oblig suspend arbitr arbitr act pursuant paragraph examin natur concess oblig suspend determin level suspens equival level nullif impair arbitr determin propos suspens concess oblig allow cover agreement matter refer arbitr includ claim principl procedur set paragraph arbitr examin claim event arbitr determin principl procedur complain parti appli consist paragraph parti accept arbitr decis final parti concern seek arbitr dsb inform promptli decis arbitr request grant author suspend concess oblig request consist decis arbitr dsb decid consensu reject request suspens concess oblig temporari appli time measur found inconsist cover agreement remov member implement recommend rule solut nullif impair benefit mutual satisfactori solut reach accord paragraph articl dsb continu surveil implement adopt recommend rule includ case compens provid concess oblig suspend recommend bring measur conform cover agreement implement disput settlement provis cover agreement invok respect measur affect observ region local govern author territori member dsb rule provis cover agreement observ respons member reason measur ensur observ provis cover agreement understand relat compens suspens concess oblig appli case secur observ articl strengthen multilater system member seek redress violat oblig nullif impair benefit cover agreement impedi attain object cover agreement recours abid rule procedur understand case member make determin effect violat occur benefit nullifi impair attain object cover agreement imped recours disput settlement accord rule procedur understand make determin consist find contain panel appel bodi report adopt dsb arbitr award render understand follow procedur set articl determin reason period time member concern implement recommend rule follow procedur set articl determin level suspens concess oblig obtain dsb author accord procedur suspend concess oblig cover agreement respons failur member concern implement recommend rule reason period time articl special procedur involv develop countri member stage determin disput disput settlement procedur involv develop countri member consider special situat develop countri member regard member exercis due restraint rais matter procedur involv develop countri member nullif impair found result measur develop countri member complain parti exercis due restraint compens seek author suspend applic concess oblig pursuant procedur disput settlement case involv develop countri member satisfactori solut found consult director gener chairman dsb request develop countri member offer good offic concili mediat view assist parti settl disput request panel made director gener chairman dsb provid assist consult sourc deem articl arbitr expediti arbitr wto altern mean disput settlement facilit solut disput concern issu defin parti provid understand resort arbitr subject mutual agreement parti agre procedur agreement resort arbitr notifi member suffici advanc actual commenc arbitr process member parti arbitr proceed agreement parti agre recours arbitr parti proceed agre abid arbitr award arbitr award notifi dsb council committe relev agreement member rais point relat thereto articl understand appli mutati mutandi arbitr award articl violat complaint type paragraph articl xxiii gatt provis paragraph articl xxiii gatt applic cover agreement panel appel bodi make rule recommend parti disput consid benefit accru directli indirectli relev cover agreement nullifi impair attain object agreement imped result applic member measur conflict provis agreement extent parti consid panel appel bodi determin case concern measur conflict provis cover agreement provis paragraph articl xxiii gatt applic procedur understand appli subject complain parti present detail justif support complaint relat measur conflict relev cover agreement measur found nullifi impair benefit imped attain object relev cover agreement violat thereof oblig withdraw measur case panel appel bodi recommend member concern make mutual satisfactori adjust notwithstand provis articl arbitr provid paragraph articl request parti includ determin level benefit nullifi impair suggest wai mean reach mutual satisfactori adjust suggest bind parti disput notwithstand provis paragraph articl compens part mutual satisfactori adjust final settlement disput complaint type paragraph articl xxiii gatt provis paragraph articl xxiii gatt applic cover agreement panel make rule recommend parti consid benefit accru directli indirectli relev cover agreement nullifi impair attain object agreement imped result exist situat provis paragraph articl xxiii gatt applic extent parti consid panel determin matter cover paragraph procedur understand appli includ point proceed panel report circul member disput settlement rule procedur contain decis april bisd appli consider adopt surveil implement recommend rule appli complain parti present detail justif support argument made respect issu cover paragraph case involv matter cover paragraph panel find case involv disput settlement matter cover paragraph panel circul report dsb address matter separ report matter fall paragraph articl respons secretariat secretariat respons assist panel legal histor procedur aspect matter dealt provid secretari technic support secretariat assist member respect disput settlement request provid addit legal advic assist respect disput settlement develop countri member end secretariat make qualifi legal expert wto technic cooper servic develop countri member request expert assist develop countri member manner ensur continu imparti secretariat secretariat conduct special train cours interest member disput settlement procedur practic enabl member expert inform regard appendix agreement cover understand agreement establish world trade organ multilater trade agreement annex multilater agreement trade good annex gener agreement trade servic annex agreement trade relat aspect intellectu properti right annex understand rule procedur govern settlement disput plurilater trade agreement annex agreement trade civil aircraft agreement govern procur intern dairi agreement intern bovin meat agreement applic understand plurilater trade agreement subject adopt decis parti agreement set term applic understand individu agreement includ special addit rule procedur inclus appendix notifi dsb appendix gt tabl gt appendix work procedur proceed panel follow relev provis understand addit work procedur appli panel meet close session parti disput interest parti present meet invit panel deliber panel document submit confidenti understand preclud parti disput disclos statement posit public member treat confidenti inform submit member panel member design confidenti parti disput submit confidenti version written submiss panel request member provid confidenti summari inform contain submiss disclos public substant meet panel parti parti disput transmit panel written submiss present fact case argument substant meet parti panel parti brought complaint present case subsequ meet parti complaint brought ask present point view parti notifi interest disput dsb invit write present view session substant meet panel set purpos parti present entireti session formal rebutt made substant meet panel parti complain floor complain parti parti submit prior meet written rebutt panel panel time put question parti explan meet parti write parti disput parti invit present view accord articl make panel written version oral statement interest full transpar present rebutt statement refer paragraph made presenc parti parti written submiss includ comment descript part report respons question put panel made parti parti addit procedur specif panel propos timet panel work receipt written submiss parti complain parti week parti complain week date time place substant meet parti parti session week receipt written rebutt parti week date time place substant meet parti week issuanc descript part report parti week receipt comment parti descript part report week issuanc interim report includ find conclus parti week deadlin parti request review part report week period review panel includ addit meet parti week issuanc final report parti disput week circul final report member week calendar chang light unforeseen develop addit meet parti schedul requir appendix expert review group rule procedur appli expert review group establish accord provis paragraph articl expert review group panel author term refer detail work procedur decid panel report panel particip expert review group restrict person profession stand experi field question citizen parti disput serv expert review group joint agreement parti disput except circumst panel consid special scientif expertis fulfil govern offici parti disput serv expert review group member expert review group serv individu capac govern repres repres organ govern organ give instruct regard matter expert review group expert review group consult seek inform technic advic sourc deem expert review group seek inform advic sourc jurisdict member inform govern member member respond promptli fulli request expert review group inform expert review group consid parti disput access relev inform provid expert review group confidenti natur confidenti inform provid expert review group releas formal author govern organ person provid inform inform request expert review group releas inform expert review group author confidenti summari inform provid govern organ person suppli inform expert review group submit draft report parti disput view obtain comment take account final report issu parti disput submit panel final report expert review group advisori dsb deem decid consensu matter submit consider member present meet dsb decis formal object propos decis paragraph appli disput panel report adopt fulli implement provis cover agreement measur region local govern author territori member provis provis paragraph provis cover agreement prevail consult provis cover agreement list hereund agreement agricultur articl agreement applic sanitari phytosanitari measur paragraph articl agreement textil cloth paragraph articl agreement technic barrier trade paragraph articl agreement trade relat invest measur articl agreement implement articl vi gatt paragraph articl agreement implement articl vii gatt paragraph articl agreement preship inspect articl agreement rule origin articl agreement import licens procedur articl agreement subsidi countervail measur articl agreement safeguard articl agreement trade relat aspect intellectu properti right articl consult provis plurilater trade agreement determin compet bodi agreement notifi dsb complain parti request meet dsb conven purpos dai request provid dai advanc notic meet case custom union common market parti disput provis appli citizen member countri custom union common market meet dsb schedul period time enabl requir paragraph articl met meet dsb held purpos meet dsb schedul period meet dsb held purpos member concern parti disput panel appel bodi recommend direct respect recommend case involv violat gatt cover agreement articl parti agre arbitr ten dai refer matter arbitr arbitr appoint director gener ten dai consult parti express arbitr interpret refer individu group list document mtn gn identifi eleven sector express arbitr interpret refer individu group express arbitr interpret refer individu group member origin panel serv capac arbitr provis cover agreement measur region local govern author territori member provis provis paragraph provis cover agreement prevail annex trade polici review mechan member agre object purpos trade polici review mechan tprm contribut improv adher member rule disciplin commit made multilater trade agreement applic plurilater trade agreement smoother function multilater trade system achiev greater transpar understand trade polici practic member review mechan enabl regular collect appreci evalu full rang individu member trade polici practic impact function multilater trade system intend serv basi enforc specif oblig agreement disput settlement procedur impos polici commit member ii assess carri review mechan take place extent relev background wider econom development polici object member concern extern provis function review mechan examin impact member trade polici practic multilater trade system domest transpar member recogn inher domest transpar govern decis make trade polici matter member economi multilater trade system agre encourag promot greater transpar system acknowledg implement domest transpar voluntari basi account member legal polit system procedur review trade polici review bodi refer tprb establish carri trade polici review ii trade polici practic member subject period review impact individu member function multilater trade system defin term share world trade recent repres period determin factor decid frequenc review trade entiti identifi count european commun subject review year review year member review year longer period fix develop countri member understood review entiti common extern polici cover member cover compon polici affect trade includ relev polici practic individu member exception event member trade polici practic signific impact trade partner member concern request tprb consult bring forward review iii discuss meet tprb govern object set paragraph focu discuss member trade polici practic subject assess review mechan iv tprb establish basic plan conduct review discuss note updat report member tprb establish programm review year consult member directli concern consult member member review chairman choos discuss act person capac introduc discuss tprb tprb base work document full report refer paragraph suppli member member review report drawn secretariat respons base inform provid member member concern secretariat seek clarif member member concern trade polici practic vi report member review secretariat minut respect meet tprb publish promptli review vii document forward ministeri confer note report order achiev fullest degre transpar member report regularli tprb full report describ trade polici practic pursu member member concern base agre format decid tprb format initi base outlin format countri report establish decis juli bisd amend extend coverag report aspect trade polici cover multilater trade agreement annex applic plurilater trade agreement format revis tprb light experi review member provid report signific trade polici annual updat statist inform provid agre format account difficulti pesent develop countri member compil report secretariat make technic assist request develop countri member develop countri member inform contain report greatest extent coordin notif made provis multilater trade agreement applic plurilater trade agreement relationship balanc payment provis gatt gat member recogn minim burden govern subject full consult balanc payment provis gatt gat end chairman tprb consult member member concern chairman committe balanc payment restrict devis administr arrang harmon normal rhythm trade polici review timet balanc payment consult postpon trade polici review month apprais mechan tprb undertak apprais oper tprb year entri forc agreement establish wto result apprais present ministeri confer subsequ undertak apprais fo tprb interv determin request ministeri confer overview develop intern trade environ annual overview develop intern trade environ impact multilater trade system undertaken tprb overview assist annual report director gener set major activ wto highlight signific polici issu affect trade system final act embodi result uruguai round multilater trade negoti marrakesh april met order conclud uruguai round multilater trade negoti repres govern european commun member trade negoti committe agre agreement establish world trade organ refer final act wto agreement ministeri declar decis understand commit financi servic annex hereto embodi result negoti form integr part final act sign present final act repres agre submit wto agreement consider respect compet author view seek approv agreement accord procedur adopt ministeri declar decis repres agre desir accept wto agreement particip uruguai round multilater trade negoti hereinaft refer particip view entri forc januari earli late minist meet accord final paragraph punta del est ministeri declar decid intern implement result includ time entri forc repres agre wto agreement open accept signatur particip pursuant articl xiv thereof accept entri forc plurilater trade agreement includ annex wto agreement govern provis plurilater trade agreement accept wto agreement particip contract parti gener agreement tariff trade conclud negoti access gener agreement contract parti thereto particip contract parti gener agreement date final act schedul definit subsequ complet purpos access gener agreement accept wto agreement final act text annex hereto deposit director gener contract parti gener agreement tariff trade promptli furnish particip certifi copi thereof marrakesh fifteenth dai april thousand hundr nineti singl copi english french spanish languag text authent list signatur includ treati copi final act signatur decis measur favour develop countri minist recogn plight develop countri ensur effect particip world trade system measur improv trade opportun recogn specif develop countri area market access continu preferenti access remain essenti mean improv trade opportun reaffirm commit implement fulli provis develop countri contain paragraph decis novemb differenti favour treatment reciproc fuller particip develop countri regard commit particip set section vii part punta del est ministeri declar decid provid instrument negoti uruguai round notwithstand accept instrument develop countri long remain categori compli gener rule set aforesaid instrument requir undertak commit concess extent consist individu develop financi trade administr institut capabl develop countri addit time year april submit schedul requir articl xi agreement establish world trade organ agre expediti implement special differenti measur favour develop countri includ context uruguai round ensur inter alia regular review ii extent mfn concess tariff tariff measur agre uruguai round product export interest develop countri implement autonom advanc stage consider improv gsp scheme product export interest develop countri iii rule set agreement instrument transit provis uruguai round appli flexibl support manner develop countri effect sympathet consider specif motiv concern rais develop countri council committe iv applic import relief measur measur refer paragraph articl xxxvii gatt provis gatt special consider export interest develop countri develop countri accord substanti increas technic assist develop strengthen diversif product export base includ servic trade promot enabl maxim benefit liber access market agre review specif develop countri continu seek adopt posit measur facilit expans trade opportun favour countri declar contribut world trade organ achiev greater coher global econom polici make minist recogn global world economi led grow interact econom polici pursu individu countri includ interact structur macro econom trade financi develop aspect econom polici make task achiev harmoni polici fall primarili govern nation level coher internation import valuabl element increas effect polici nation level agreement reach uruguai round show particip govern recogn contribut liber trade polici make healthi growth develop economi world economi success oper area econom polici contribut progress area greater exchang rate stabil base orderli underli econom financi condit contribut expans trade sustain growth develop correct extern imbal adequ time flow concession concession financi real invest resourc develop countri effort address debt problem ensur econom growth develop trade liber form increasingli import compon success adjust programm countri undertak involv signific transit social cost connect minist note role world bank imf support adjust trade liber includ support net food import develop countri face short term cost aris agricultur trade reform posit outcom uruguai round major contribut coher complementari intern econom polici result uruguai round ensur expans market access benefit countri framework strengthen multilater disciplin trade guarante trade polici conduct transpar manner greater awar benefit domest competit open trade environ strengthen multilater trade system emerg uruguai round capac provid improv forum liber contribut effect surveil ensur strict observ multilater agre rule disciplin improv trade polici futur plai substanti role ensur coher global econom polici make minist recogn difficulti origin lie trade field redress measur trade field underscor import effort improv element global econom polici make complement effect implement result achiev uruguai round interlinkag aspect econom polici requir intern institut respons area follow consist mutual support polici world trade organ pursu develop cooper intern organ respons monetari financi matter respect mandat confidenti requir autonomi decis make procedur institut avoid imposit govern cross condition addit condit minist invit director gener wto review manag director intern monetari fund presid world bank implic wto respons cooper bretton wood institut form cooper view achiev greater coher global econom polici make decis notif procedur minist decid recommend adopt ministeri confer decis improv review notif procedur set member desir improv oper notif procedur agreement establish world trade organ hereinaft refer wto agreement contribut transpar member trade polici effect surveil arrang establish end recal oblig wto agreement publish notifi includ oblig assum term specif protocol access waiver agreement enter member agre gener oblig notifi member affirm commit oblig multilater trade agreement applic plurilater trade agreement public notif member recal undertak set understand notif consult disput settlement surveil adopt novemb bisd regard undertak notifi maximum extent adopt trade measur affect oper gatt notif prejudic view consist measur relev right oblig multilater trade agreement applic plurilater trade agreement member agre guid annex list measur member agre introduct modif measur subject notif requir understand ii central registri notif central registri notif establish respons secretariat member continu follow exist notif procedur secretariat ensur central registri record element inform provid measur member concern purpos trade coverag requir notifi central registri cross refer record notif member oblig central registri inform member annual regular notif oblig member expect respond year central registri draw attent individu member regular notif requir remain unfulfil inform central registri individu notif made request member entitl receiv notif concern iii review notif oblig procedur council trade good undertak review notif oblig procedur agreement annex wto agreement review carri work group membership open member group establish immedi date entri forc wto agreement term refer work group undertak review exist notif oblig member establish agreement annex wto agreement view simplifi standard consolid oblig greatest extent practic improv complianc oblig bear mind object improv transpar trade polici member effect surveil arrang establish end bear mind develop countri member assist meet notif oblig make recommend council trade good year entri forc wto agreement annex indic list notifi measur tariff includ rang scope bind gsp provis rate appli member free trade area custom union prefer tariff quota surcharg quantit restrict includ voluntari export restraint orderli market arrang affect import tariff measur licens mix requir variabl levi custom valuat rule origin govern procur technic barrier safeguard action anti dump action countervail action export tax export subsidi tax exempt concessionari export financ free trade zone includ bond manufactur export restrict includ voluntari export restraint orderli market arrang govern assist includ subsidi tax exempt role state trade enterpris foreign exchang control relat import export govern mandat counter trade measur cover multilater trade agreement annex wto agreement declar relationship world trade organ intern monetari fund minist note close relationship contract parti gatt intern monetari fund provis gatt govern relationship articl xv gatt recogn desir particip base relationship world trade organ intern monetari fund regard area cover multilater trade agreement annex wto agreement provis govern relationship contract parti gatt intern monetari fund reaffirm provid final act relationship wto intern monetari fund regard area cover multilater trade agreement annex wto agreement base provis govern relationship contract parti gatt intern monetari fund decis measur neg effect reform programm develop net food import develop countri minist recogn progress implement result uruguai round gener increas opportun trade expans econom growth benefit particip minist recogn reform programm lead greater liber trade agricultur develop net food import develop countri experi neg effect term avail adequ suppli basic foodstuff extern sourc reason term condit includ short term difficulti financ normal level commerci import basic foodstuff minist agre establish mechan ensur implement result uruguai round trade agricultur advers affect avail food aid level suffici continu provid assist meet food develop countri develop net food import develop countri end minist agre review level food aid establish period committe food aid food aid convent initi negoti forum establish level food aid commit suffici meet legitim develop countri reform programm ii adopt guidelin ensur increas proport basic foodstuff provid develop net food import develop countri fulli grant form concession term line articl iv food aid convent iii give full consider context aid programm request provis technic financi assist develop net food import develop countri improv agricultur product infrastructur minist agre ensur agreement relat agricultur export credit make provis differenti treatment favour develop net food import develop countri minist recogn result uruguai round develop countri experi short term difficulti financ normal level commerci import countri elig draw resourc intern financi institut exist facil facil establish context adjust programm order address financ difficulti regard minist note paragraph report director gener contract parti gatt consult manag director intern monetari fund presid world bank mtn gng ng provis decis subject regular review ministeri confer follow decis monitor committe agricultur decis notif integratoin articl agreement textil cloth minist agre particip maintain restrict fall paragraph articl agreement textil cloth notifi full detail action pursuant paragraph articl agreement gatt secretariat octob gatt secretariat promptli circul notif particip inform notif made textil monitor bodi establish purpos paragraph articl agreement textil cloth decis propos understand wto iso standard inform system minist decid recommend secretariat world trade organ reach understand intern organ standard iso establish inform system isonet member transmit iso iec inform centr geneva notif refer paragraph code good practic prepar adopt applic standard annex agreement technic barrier trade manner alpha numer classif system work programm refer paragraph standard classif system standard bodi give standard mention work programm alpha numer indic subject matter stage code system standard bodi give standard mention work programm alpha numer indic stage develop standard purpos stage develop distinguish stage decis develop standard technic work begun stage technic work begun period submissoin comment start stage period submiss comment start complet stage period submiss comment complet standard adopt stage standard hs adopt identif system cover intern standard standard bodi give standard mention work programm alpha numer indic intern standard basi iso iec inform centr promptli convei secretariat copi notif refer paragraph code good practic iso iec inform centr regularli publish inform receiv notif made paragraph code good practic public reason fee charg isonet member secretariat member wto decis review iso iec inform centr public minist decid conform paragraph articl agreement technic barrier trade annex agreement establish world trade organ committe technic barrier trade establish thereund prejudic provis consult disput settlement year review public provid iso iec inform centr inform receiv code good practic prepar adopt applic standard annex agreement purpos afford member opportun discuss matter relat oper code order facilit discuss secretariat provid list member standard bodi accept code list standard bodi accept withdrawn code previou review secretariat distribut promptli member copi notif receiv iso iec inform centr decis anti circumvent minist note problem circumvent anti dump duti measur form part negoti preced agreement implement articl vi gatt negoti unabl agre specif text mind desir applic uniform rule area decid refer matter committe anti dump practic establish agreement resolut decis review articl agreement implement articl vi gener agreement tariff trade minist decid standard review paragraph articl agreement implement articl vi gatt review period year view question capabl gener applic declar disput settlement pursuant agreement implement articl vi gener agreement tariff trade part agreement subsidi countervail measur minist recogn respect disput settlement pursuant agreement implement articl vi gatt part agreement subsidi countervail measur consist resolut disput aris anti dump countervail duti measur decis case custom administr reason doubt truth accuraci declar minist invit committe custom valuat establish agreement implement articl vii gatt decis committe custom valuat reaffirm transact primari basi valuat agreement implement articl vii gatt hereinaft refer agreement recogn custom administr address case reason doubt truth accuraci particular document produc trader support declar emphas custom administr prejudic legitim commerci interest trader take account articl agreement paragraph annex iii agreement relev decis technic committe custom valuat decid declar present custom administr reason doubt truth accuraci particular document produc support declar custom administr import provid explan includ document evid declar repres total amount paid payabl import good adjust accord provis articl receiv inform absenc respons custom administr reason doubt truth accuraci declar bear mind provis articl deem custom import good determin provis articl take final decis custom administr commun import write request ground doubt truth accuraci particular document produc import reason opportun respond final decis made custom administr commun import write decis ground therefor appli agreement member assist member mutual agre term decis text relat minimum valu import sole agent sole distributor sole concessionair minist decid refer text committe custom valuat establish agreement implement articl vii gatt adopt develop countri make reserv retain offici establish minimum valu term paragraph annex iii show good committe give request reserv sympathet consider reserv consent term condit refer paragraph annex iii full account develop financi trade develop countri concern ii number develop countri concern problem exist valuat import sole agent sole distributor sole concessionari paragraph articl develop countri member period delai year prior applic agreement context develop countri member avail provis period conduct studi action facilit applic consider committe recommend custom cooper council assist develop countri member accord provis annex ii formul conduct studi area identifi potenti concern includ relat import sole agent sole distribuor sole concessionair decis institut arrang gener agreement trade servic minist decid recommend council trade servic meet adopt decis subsidiari bodi set council trade servic act pursuant articl xxiv view facilit oper further object gener agreement trade servic decid subsidiari bodi council establish report council annual bodi establish rule procedur set subsidiari bodi sector committe carri respons assign council afford member opportun consult matter relat trade servic sector concern oper sector annex pertain respons includ continu review surveil applic agreement respect sector concern formul propos recommend consider council connect matter relat trade sector concern annex pertain sector propos amend sector annex make recommend council provid forum technic discuss conduct studi measur member conduct examin technic matter affect trade servic sector concern provid technic assist develop countri member develop countri negoti access agreement establish world trade organ respect applic oblig matter affect trade servic sector concern cooper subsidiari bodi establish gener agreement trade servic intern organ activ sector concern establish committe trade financi servic respons list paragraph decis disput settlement procedur gener agreement trade servic minist decid recommend council trade servic meet adopt decis set council trade servic take account specif natur oblig specif commit agreement trade servic respect disput settlement articl xxii xxiii decid roster panelist establish assist select panelist end member suggest name individu possess qualif refer paragraph inclus roster provid curriculum vita qualif includ applic indic sector specif expertis panel compos qualifi government government individu experi issu relat gener agreement trade servic trade servic includ regulatori matter panelist serv individu capac repres govern organ panel disput sector matter expertis relev specif servic sector disput concern secretariat maintain roster develop procedur administr consult chairman council decis trade servic environ minist decid recommend council trade servic meet adopt decis set council trade servic acknowledg measur protect environ conflict provis agreement note measur protect environ typic object protect human anim plant life health clear provid contain paragraph articl xiv decid order determin modif articl xiv agreement requir account measur request committe trade environ examin report recommend relationship servic trade environ includ issu sustain develop committe examin relev inter government agreement environ relationship agreement committe report result work biennial meet ministeri confer entri forc agreement establish world trade organ decis negoti movement natur person minist note commit result uruguai round negoti movement natur person purpos suppli servic mind object gener agreement trade servic includ increas particip develop countri trade servic expans servic export recogn import achiev higher level commit movement natur person order provid balanc benefit gener agreement trade servic decid negoti liber movement natur person purpos suppli servic continu conclus uruguai round view allow achiev higher level commit particip gener agreement trade servic negoti group movement natur person establish carri negoti group establish procedur report period council trade servic negoti group hold negoti session conclud negoti produc final report month entri forc agreement establish world trade organ commit result negoti inscrib member schedul specif commit decis financi servic minist note commit schedul particip financi servic conclus uruguai round enter forc mfn basi time agreement establish world trade organ hereinaft refer wto agreement decid conclus period end month date entri forc wto agreement member free improv modifi withdraw part commit sector offer compens notwithstand provis articl xxi gener agreement trade servic time member final posit relat mfn exempt sector notwithstand provis annex articl ii exempt date entri forc wto agreement end period refer exempt list annex articl ii exempt condit level commit undertaken particip exempt particip appli committe trade financi servic monitor progress negoti undertaken term decis report thereon council trade servic month date entri forc wto agreement decis negoti maritim transport servic minist note commit schedul particip maritim transport servic conclus uruguai round enter forc mfn basi time agreement establish world trade organ hereinaft refer wto agreement decid negoti enter voluntari basi sector maritim transport servic framework gener agreement trade servic negoti comprehens scope aim commit intern ship auxiliari servic access port facil lead elimin restrict fix time scale negoti group maritim transport servic hereinaft refer ngmt establish carri mandat ngmt report period progress negoti negoti ngmt open govern european commun announc intent particip date announc intent part negoti argentina canada european commun member state finland hong kong iceland indonesia korea malaysia mexico zealand norwai philippin poland romania singapor sweden switzerland thailand turkei unit state notif intent particip address depositari wto agreement ngmtss hold negoti session conclud negoti make final report june final report ngmt includ date implement result negoti conclus negoti articl ii paragraph annex articl ii exempt suspend applic sector list mfn exempt conclus negoti member free improv modifi withdraw commit made sector uruguai round offer compens notwithstand provis articl xxi agreement time member final posit relat mfn exempt sector notwithstand provis annex articl ii exempt negoti succe council trade servic decid continu negoti accord mandat commit result negoti includ date entri forc inscrib schedul annex gener agreement trade servic subject provis agreement commenc immedi continu implement date determin paragraph understood particip appli measur affect trade maritim transport servic respons measur appli countri view maintain improv freedom provis maritim transport servic manner improv negoti posit leverag implement paragraph subject surveil ngmt particip bring attent ngmt action omiss believ relev fulfil paragraph notif deem submit ngmt receipt secretariat decis negoti basic telecommun minist decid negoti enter voluntari basi view progress liber trade telecommun transport network servic hereinaft refer basic telecommun framework gener agreement trade servic prejudic outcom negoti comprehens scope basic telecommun exclud priori negoti group basic telecommun hereinaft refer ngbt establish carri mandat ngbt report period progress negoti negoti ngbt open govern european commun announc intent particip date announc intent part negoti australia austria canada chile cypru european commun member state finland hong kong hungari japan korea mexico zealand norwai slovak republ sweden switzerland turkei unit state notif intent particip address depositari agreement establish world trade organ ngbt hold negoti session conclud negoti make final report april final report ngbt includ date implement result negoti commit result negoti includ date entri forc inscrib schedul annex gener agreement trade servic subject provis agreement commenc immedi continu implement date determin paragraph understood particip appli measur affect trade basic telecommun manner improv negoti posit leverag understood provis prevent pursuit commerci government arrang provis basic telecommun servic implement paragraph subject surveil ngbt particip bring attent ngbt action omiss believ relev fulfil paragraph notif deem submit ngbt receipt secretariat decis profession servic minist decid recommend council trade servic meet adopt decis set council trade servic recogn impact regulatori measur relat profession qualif technic standard licens expans trade profession servic desir establish multilater disciplin view ensur specif commit undertaken regulatori measur constitut unnecessari barrier suppli profession servic decid work programm foreseen paragraph articl vi domest regul put effect immedi end work parti profession servic establish examin report recommend disciplin ensur measur relat qualif requir procedur technic standard licens requir field profession servic constitut unnecessari barrier trade matter prioriti work parti make recommend elabor multilater disciplin account sector give oper effect specif commit make recommend work parti concentr develop multilater disciplin relat market access ensur domest regulatori requir base object transport criteria compet abil suppli servic ii burdensom ensur qualiti servic facilit effect liber account servic intern standard encourag cooper relev intern organ defin paragraph articl vi give full effect paragraph articl vii facilit effect applic paragraph articl vi agreement establish guidelin recognit qualif elabor disciplin work parti account import government government bodi regul profession servic decis applic review understand rule procedur govern settlement disput minist recal decis februari exist rule procedur gatt field disput settlement remain effect date entri forc agreement establish world trade organ invit relev council committe decid remain oper purpos deal disput request consult made date invit ministeri confer complet full review disput settlement rule procedur world trade organ year entri forc agreement establish world trade organ decis occas meet complet review continu modifi termin disput settlement rule procedur understand commit financi servic particip uruguai round enabl specif commit respect financi servic gener agreement trade servic hereinaft refer agreement basi altern approach cover provis part iii agreement agre approach appli subject understand conflict provis agreement ii prejudic member schedul specif commit accord approach part iii agreement iii result specif commit appli favour nation basi iv presumpt creat degre liber member commit agreement interest member basi negoti subject condit qualif inscrib schedul specif commit conform approach set standstil condit limit qualif commit note limit exist conform measur market access monopoli right addit articl viii agreement appli member list schedul pertain financi servic exist monopoli right endeavour elimin reduc scope notwithstand subparagraph annex financi servic paragraph appli activ refer subparagraph iii annex financi servic purchas public entiti notwithstand articl xiii agreement member ensur financi servic supplier member establish territori accord favour nation treatment nation treatment purchas acquisit financi servic public entiti member territori cross border trade member permit resid supplier financi servic suppli princip intermediari intermediari term condit accord nation treatment servic insur risk relat maritim ship commerci aviat space launch freight includ satellit insur cover good transport vehicl transport good liabil aris therefrom ii good intern transit insur retrocess servic auxiliari insur refer subparagraph iv annex provis transfer financi inform financi data process refer subparagraph xv annex advisori auxiliari servic exclud intermedi relat bank financi servic refer subparagraph xvi annex member permit resid purchas territori member financi servic subparagraph subparagraph subparagraph xvi annex commerci presenc member grant financi servic supplier member establish expand territori includ acquisit exist enterpris commerci presenc member impos term condit procedur author establish expans commerci presenc circumv member oblig paragraph consist oblig agreement financi servic member permit financi servic supplier member establish territori offer territori financi servic transfer inform process inform member measur prevent transfer inform process financi inform includ transfer data electron mean subject import rule consist intern agreement prevent transfer equip transfer inform process financi inform transfer equip conduct ordinari busi financi servic supplier paragraph restrict member protect person data person privaci confidenti individu record account long circumv provis agreement temporari entri personnel member permit temporari entri territori personnel financi servic supplier member establish establish commerci presenc territori member senior manageri personnel possess proprietari inform essenti establish control oper servic financi servic supplier ii specialist oper financi servic supplier member permit subject avail qualifi personnel territori temporari entri territori personnel commerci presenc financi servic supplier member specialist comput servic telecommun servic account financi servic supplier ii actuari legal specialist discriminatori measur member endeavour remov limit signific advers effect financi servic supplier member discriminatori measur prevent financi servic supplier offer member territori form determin member financi servic permit member discriminatori measur limit expans activ financi servic supplier entir territori member measur member member appli measur suppli bank secur servic financi servic supplier member concentr activ provis secur servic measur respect provis agreement affect advers abil financi servic supplier member oper compet enter member market provid action paragraph unfairli discrimin financi servic supplier member take action respect discriminatori measur refer subparagraph member endeavour limit restrict present degre market opportun benefit enjoi financi servic supplier member class territori member provid commit result unfair discrimin financi servic supplier member appli measur nation treatment term condit accord nation treatment member grant financi servic supplier member establish territori access payment clear system oper public entiti offici fund financ facil normal ordinari busi paragraph intend confer access member lender resort facil membership particip access regulatori bodi secur futur exchang market clear agenc organ associ requir member order financi servic supplier member suppli financi servic equal basi financi servic supplier member member directli indirectli entiti privileg advantag suppli financi servic member ensur entiti accord nation treatment financi servic supplier member resid territori member definit purpos approach resid supplier financi servic financi servic supplier member suppli financi servic territori member establish locat territori member financi servic supplier commerci presenc territori member financi servic suppli commerci presenc mean enterpris member territori suppli financi servic includ wholli partli own subsidiari joint ventur partnership sole proprietorship franchis oper branch agenc repres offic organ financi servic servic financi natur includ servic relat exist product manner product deliv suppli financi servic supplier territori member suppli territori member list alter exist notif requir multilater trade agreement annex wto agreement applic plurilater trade agreement annex wto agreement annex agreement govern procur parti agreement hereinaft refer parti recogn effect multilater framework right oblig respect law regul procedur practic govern procur view achiev greater liber expans world trade improv intern framework conduct world trade recogn law regul procedur practic govern procur prepar adopt appli foreign domest product servic foreign domest supplier afford protect domest product servic domest supplier discrimin foreign product servic foreign supplier recogn desir provid transpar law regul procedur practic govern procur recogn establish intern procedur notif consult surveil disput settlement view ensur fair prompt effect enforc intern provis govern procur maintain balanc right oblig highest level recogn account develop financi trade develop countri develop countri desir accord paragraph articl ix agreement govern procur april amend februari broaden improv agreement basi mutual reciproc expand coverag agreement includ servic contract desir encourag accept access agreement govern parti undertaken negoti pursuanc object agre articl scope coverag agreement appli law regul procedur practic procur entiti cover agreement appendix agreement appli procur contractu mean includ method purchas leas rental hire purchas option bui includ combin product servic entiti context procur cover agreement requir enterpris includ appendix award contract accord requir articl iii appli mutati mutandi requir agreement appli procur contract relev threshold appendix articl ii valuat contract provis appli determin contract purpos implement agreement valuat account form remuner includ premium fee commiss interest receiv select valuat method entiti procur requir divid intent avoid applic agreement individu requir procur result award contract contract award separ part basi valuat actual similar recur contract conclud previou fiscal year month adjust anticip quantiti subsequ month estim recur contract fiscal year month subsequ initi contract case contract leas rental hire purchas product servic case contract total price basi valuat case fix term contract term month total contract durat term exce month total includ estim residu case contract indefinit period monthli instal multipli doubt basi valuat case intend procur specifi option claus basi valuat total maximum permiss procur inclus option purchas articl iii nation treatment discrimin respect law regul procedur practic govern procur cover agreement parti provid immedi uncondition product servic supplier parti offer product servic parti treatment favour accord domest product servic supplier accord product servic supplier parti respect law regul procedur practic govern procur cover agreement parti ensur entiti treat local establish supplier favour local establish supplier basi degre foreign affili ownership entiti discrimin local establish supplier basi countri product good servic suppli provid countri product parti agreement accord provis articl iv provis paragraph appli custom duti charg kind impos connect import method levi duti charg import regul formal measur affect trade servic law regul procedur practic govern procur cover agreement articl iv rule origin parti appli rule origin product servic import suppli purpos govern procur cover agreement parti rule origin appli normal trade time transact question import suppli product servic parti conclus work programm harmon rule origin good undertaken agreement rule origin annex agreement establish world trade organ hereinaft refer wto agreement negoti trade servic parti result work programm negoti account amend paragraph articl special differenti treatment develop countri object parti implement administr agreement provis set articl duli account develop financi trade develop countri develop countri safeguard balanc payment posit ensur level reserv adequ implement programm econom develop promot establish develop domest industri includ develop small scale cottag industri rural backward area econom develop sector economi support industri unit long wholli substanti depend govern procur encourag econom develop region global arrang develop countri present ministeri confer world trade organ hereinaft refer wto disapprov consist provis agreement parti prepar applic law regul procedur affect govern procur facilit increas import develop countri bear mind special problem develop countri countri low stage econom develop coverag view ensur develop countri adher agreement term consist develop financi trade object list paragraph duli account negoti respect procur develop countri cover provis agreement develop countri prepar coverag list provis agreement endeavour includ entiti procur product servic export interest develop countri agre exclus develop countri negoti particip negoti agreement mutual accept exclus rule nation treatment respect entiti product servic includ coverag list regard circumst case negoti consider mention subparagraph duli account develop countri particip region global arrang develop countri refer subparagraph negoti exclus list regard circumst case take account inter alia provis govern procur provid region global arrang concern product servic subject common industri develop programm entri forc agreement develop countri parti modifi coverag list accord provis modif list contain paragraph articl xxiv regard develop financi trade request committe govern procur hereinaft refer committe grant exclus rule nation treatment entiti product servic includ coverag list regard circumst case take duli account provis subparagraph entri forc agreement develop countri parti request committe grant exclus entiti product servic includ coverag list light particip region global arrang develop countri regard circumst case take duli account provis subparagraph request committe develop countri parti relat modif list accompani document relev request inform consider matter paragraph appli mutati mutandi develop countri acced agreement entri forc agre exclus mention paragraph subject review accord provis paragraph technic assist develop countri parti develop countri parti request provid technic assist deem develop countri parti resolv problem field govern procur assist provid basi discrimin develop countri parti relat inter alia solut technic problem relat award specif contract problem parti make request parti agre deal context assist technic assist refer paragraph includ translat qualif document tender made supplier develop countri parti offici languag wto design entiti develop countri parti deem translat burdensom case explan develop countri parti request address develop countri parti entiti inform centr develop countri parti establish individu jointli inform centr respond reason request develop countri parti inform relat inter alia law regul procedur practic govern procur notic intend procur publish address entiti cover agreement natur volum product servic procur procur includ inform futur tender committe set inform centr special treatment develop countri regard paragraph decis contract parti gatt novemb differenti favour treatment reciproc fuller particip develop countri blsd special treatment grant develop countri parti supplier parti respect product servic origin parti context gener specif measur favour develop countri parti parti grant benefit agreement supplier develop countri parti respect product servic origin countri develop countri parti request provid assist deem potenti tender develop countri submit tender select product servic interest ot entiti supplier develop countri likewis assist compli technic regul standard relat product servic subject intend procur review committe review annual oper effect articl year oper basi report submit parti carri major review order evalu effect part yearli review view achiev maximum implement provis agreement includ articl iii regard develop financi trade situat develop countri concern committe examin exclus provid accord provis paragraph articl modifi extend round negoti accord provis paragraph articl xxiv develop countri parti give consider possibl enlarg coverag list regard econom financi trade situat articl vi technic specif technic specif lai characterist product servic procur qualiti perform safeti dimens symbol terminolog packag mark label process method product requir relat conform assess procedur prescrib procur entiti prepar adopt appli view effect creat unnecessari obstacl intern trade technic specif prescrib procur entiti term perform design descript characterist base intern standard exist nation technic regul recogn nation standard build code requir refer trademark trade patent design type specif origin produc supplier suffici precis intellig describ procur requir provid word equival includ tender document entiti seek accept manner effect preclud competit advic prepar specif specif procur firm commerci interest procur articl vii tender procedur parti ensur tender procedur entiti appli discriminatori manner consist provis contain articl vii xvi entiti provid supplier inform regard specif procur manner effect preclud competit purpos agreement open tender procedur procedur interest supplier submit tender select tender procedur procedur consist paragraph articl relev provis agreement supplier invit entiti submit tender limit tender procedur procedur entiti contact supplier individu condit articl xv articl viii qualif supplier process qualifi supplier entiti discrimin supplier parti domest supplier supplier parti qualif procedur consist condit particip tender procedur publish adequ time enabl interest supplier initi extent compat effici oper procur process complet qualif procedur condit particip tender procedur limit essenti ensur firm capabl fulfil contract question condit particip requir supplier includ financi guarante technic qualif inform establish financi commerci technic capac supplier verif qualif favour supplier parti domest supplier discrimin supplier parti financi commerci technic capac supplier judg basi supplier global busi activ activ territori procur entiti take due account legal relationship suppli organ process time requir qualifi supplier order supplier parti supplier list consid intend procur entiti recogn qualifi supplier domest supplier supplier parti meet condit particip intend procur supplier request particip intend procur qualifi consid provid suffici time complet qualif procedur entiti maintain perman list qualifi supplier ensur supplier appli qualif time qualifi supplier request includ list short time public notic paragraph articl ix supplier qualifi request particip intend procur entiti promptli start procedur qualif supplier request qualifi supplier advis entiti concern decis regard qualifi supplier includ perman list entiti notifi termin list remov parti ensur entiti constitu part follow singl qualif procedur case duli substanti procedur ii effort made minim differ qualif procedur entiti subparagraph preclud exclus supplier ground bankruptci fals declar provid action consist nation treatment discrimin provis agreement articl ix invit particip intend procur accord paragraph entiti publish invit particip case intend procur provid articl xv limit tender notic publish public list appendix ii invit particip form af notic propos procur provid paragraph entiti annex notic plan procur provid paragraph notic qualif system provid paragraph invit particip entiti notic plan procur invit particip subsequ invit supplier express interest confirm interest basi inform includ inform refer paragraph entiti notic qualif system invit particip provid subject consider refer paragraph articl xviii time manner inform express interest meaning opportun assess interest particip procur inform includ inform contain notic refer paragraph extent inform inform provid interest supplier provid discriminatori manner interest supplier notic propos procur refer paragraph inform natur quantiti includ option procur estim time option exercis case recur contract natur quantiti estim time subsequ tender notic product servic procur procedur open select involv negoti date start deliveri complet deliveri good servic address final date submit applic invit tender qualifi supplier list receiv tender languag languag submit address entiti award contract provid inform obtain specif document econom technic requir financi guarante inform requir supplier amount term payment sum payabl tender document entiti invit offer purchas leas rental hire purchas method notic plan procur refer paragraph inform refer paragraph case includ inform refer paragraph statement interest supplier express interest procur entiti contact point entiti inform obtain case intend procur entiti publish summari notic offici languag wto notic inform subject matter contract time limit set submiss tender applic invit tender address wihich document relat contract request case select tender procedur entiti maintain perman list qualifi supplier publish annual public list appendix iii notic enumer list maintain includ head relat product servic categori product servic procur list condit fulfil supplier view inscpript list method condit verifi entiti concern period valid list formal renew notic invit particip accord paragraph notic addit includ inform natur product servic concern statement notic constitut invit particip durat qualif system year durat system made clear notic made clear notic publish suffici publish notic begin system system manner circumv provis agreement public invit particip case intend procur time set open receipt tender notic tender document amend issu notic amend issu notic circul origin document amend base signific inform supplier respect intend procur simultan supplier concern adequ time permit supplier inform respond entiti make clear notic refer articl public notic procur cover agreement articl select procedur ensur optimum effect intern competit select tender procedur entiti intend procur invit tender maximum number domest supplier supplier parti consist effici oper procur system select supplier particip procedur fair discriminatori manner entiti maintain perman list qualifi supplier select supplier invit tender list select equit opportun supplier list supplier request particip intend procur permit submit tender consid provid case qualifi suffici time complet qualif procedur articl viii ix number addit supplier permit particip limit effici oper procur system request particip select tender procedur submit telex telegram facsimil articl xi time limit tender deliveri gener prescrib time limit adequ supplier parti domest supplier prepar submit tender close tender procedur determin time limit entiti consist reason account factor complex intend procur extent contract anticip normal time transmit tender mail foreign domest point parti ensur entiti due account public delai set final date receipt tender applic invit tender deadlin provid paragraph open procedur period receipt tender dai date public refer paragraph articl ix select procedur involv perman list qualifi supplier period submit applic invit tender dai date public refer paragraph articl ix period receipt tender case dai date issuanc invit tender select procedur involv perman list qualifi supplier period receipt tender dai date initi issuanc invit tender date initi issuanc invit tender coincid date public refer paragraph articl ix period refer paragraph reduc circumst set separ notic publish dai month advanc notic inform refer paragraph articl ix ii inform refer paragraph articl ix iii statement interest supplier express interest procur entiti iv contact point entiti inform obtain dai limit receipt tender replac period suffici long enabl respons tender gener rule dai case dai case subsequ public deal contract recur natur mean paragraph articl ix dai limit receipt tender reduc dai state urgenc duli substanti entiti render impractic period question period paragraph reduc case dai date public refer paragraph articl ix period refer paragraph procur entiti list annex fix mutual agreement entiti select supplier absenc agreement entiti fix period suffici long enabl respons tender case dai consist entiti reason deliveri date account factor complex intend procur extent contract anticip realist time requir product de stock transport good point suppli suppli servic articl xii tender document tender procedur entiti tender submit languag languag offici languag wto tender document provid supplier inform permit submit respons tender includ inform requir publish notic intend procur paragraph articl ix address entiti tender address request supplementari inform languag languag tender tender document submit close date time receipt tender length time tender open accept person author present open tender date time place open econom technic requir financi guarante inform document requir supplier complet descript product servic requir requir includ technic specif conform certif fulfil plan draw instruct materi criteria award contract includ factor price consid evalu tender cost element includ evalu tender price transport insur inspect cost case product servic parti custom duti import charg tax currenc payment term payment term condit accord articl xvii term condit tender coutri parti agreement appli procedur articl entertain forward tender document entiti open procedur entiti forward tender document request supplier particip procedur repli promptli reason request explan relat thereto select procedur entiti forward tender document request supplier request particip repli promptli reason request explan relat thereto entiti repli promptli reason request relev inform submit supplier particip tender procedur condit inform give supplier advantag competitor procedur award contract articl xiii submiss receipt open tender award contract submiss receipt open tender award contract consist tender submit write directli mail tender telex telegram facsimil permit tender made includ inform evalu tender definit price propos tender statement tender agre term condit provis invit tender tender confirm promptli letter despatch sign copi telex telegram facsimil tender present telephon permit content telex telegram facsimil prevail differ conflict content document receiv time limit opportun tender correct unintent error form open tender award contract permit give rise discriminatori practic receipt tender supplier penal tender receiv offic design tender document time delai due sole mishandl part entiti tender consid except circumst procedur entiti concern provid open tender tender solicit open select procedur entiti receiv open procedur condit guarante regular open receipt open tender consist nation treatment discrimini provis agreement inform open tender remain entiti concern dispos govern author respons entiti order requir procedur articl xviii xix xx xxii award contract consid award tender time open conform essenti requir notic tender document supplier compli condit particip entiti receiv tender abnorm lower tender submit enquir tender ensur compli condit particip capabl fulfil term contract public interest entiti decid issu contract entiti make award tender determin fulli capabl undertak contract tender wether domest product servic product servic parti lowest tender tender term specif evalu criteria set notic tender document determin advantag award made accord criteria essenti requir tender document option claus option claus manner circumv provis agreement articl xiv negoti parti provid entiti conduct negoti context procur intent notic refer paragraph articl ix invit supplier particip procedur propos procur appear evalu tender advantag term specif evalu criteria set notic tender document negoti primarili identifi strength weak tender entiti treat tender confid provid inform intend assist particip bring tender level particip entiti negoti discrimin supplier ensur elimin particip carri accord criteria set notic tender document modif criteria technic requir transmit write remain particip negoti remain particip afford opportun submit amend submiss basi revis requir negoti conclud particip remain negoti permit submit final tender accord common deadlin articl xv limit tender provis articl vii xiv govern open select tender procedur appli condit provid limit tender view avoid maximum competit manner constitut mean discrimin supplier parti protect domest produc supplier absenc tender respons open select tender tender submit collus conform essenti requir tender supplier compli condit particip provid accord agreement condit requir initi tender substanti modifi contract award work art reason connect protect exclus right patent copyright absenc competit technic reason product servic suppli supplier reason altern substitut exist strictli reason extrem urgenc brought event unforese entiti product servic obtain time mean open select tender procedur addit deliveri origin supplier intend part replac exist suppli instal extens exist suppli servic instal chang supplier compel entiti procur equip servic meet requir interchang exist equip servic entiti procur prototyp product servic develop request contract research experi studi origin develop contract fulfil subsequ procur product servic subject articl vii xiv addit construct servic includ initi contract object origin tender document unforese circumst complet construct servic entiti award contract addit construct servic contractor carri construct servic concern separ addit construct servic initi contract difficult technic econom reason signific inconveni entiti total contract award addit construct servic exce cent amount main contract construct servic consist repetit similar construct servic conform basic project initi contract award accord articl vii xiv entiti notic intend procur initi construct servic limit tender procedur award contract construct servic product purchas commod market purchas made exception advantag condit aris short term provis intend cover unusu dispos firm supplier dispos asset busi liquid receivership intend cover routin purchas regular supplier case contract award winner design contest provid contest organ manner consist principl agreement notabl public sens articl ix invit suitabl qualifi supplier particip contest judg independ juri view design contract award winner entiti prepar report write contract award provis paragraph report procur entiti kind good servic procur countri origin statement condit articl prevail report remain entiti concern dispos govern author respons entiti order requir procedur articl xviii xix xx xxii articl xvi offset entiti qualif select supplier product servic evalu tender award contract impos seek offset regard gener polici consider includ relat develop develop countri time access negoti condit offset requir incorpor domest content requir qualif particip procur process criteria award contract condit object defin discriminatori set countri appendix includ precis limit imposit offset contract subject agreement exist condit notifi committe includ notic intend procur document articl xvii transpar parti encourag entiti term condit includ deviat competit tender procedur access challeng procedur tender entertain supplier situat countri parti agreement view creat transpar contract award contract accord articl vi technic specif publish procur notic refer articl ix includ version notic refer paragraph articl ix summari notic intend procur publish offici languag wto indic term condit tender entertain supplier situat countri parti agreement ensur procur regul chang procur event chang prove unavoid ensur avail satisfactori mean redress govern parti agreement compli condit paragraph entitl inform parti particip committe observ articl xviii inform review oblig entiti entiti publish notic public list appendix ii dai award contract articl xiii xv notic natur quantiti product servic contract award address entiti award contract date award address win tender win award highest lowest offer account award contract mean identifi notic issu paragraph articl ix justif articl xv procedur type procedur entiti request supplier parti promptli provid explan procur practic procedur pertin inform reason supplier applic qualifi reject exist qualif brought end select unsuccess tender pertin inform reason tender select characterist rel advantag tender select win tender entiti promptli inform particip supplier decis contract award request write entiti decid inform contract award contain paragraph withheld releas inform imped law enforc contrari public interest prejudic legitim commerci interest enterpris public privat prejudic fair competit supplier articl xix inform review oblig parti parti promptli publish law regul judici decis administr rule gener applic procedur includ standard contract claus govern procur cover agreement public list appendix iv manner enabl parti supplier acquaint parti prepar request explain parti govern procur procedur govern unsuccess tender parti agreement seek prejudic provis articl xxii addit inform contract award ensur procur made fairli imparti end procur govern provid inform characterist rel advantag win tender contract price inform disclos govern unsuccess tender provid exercis discret case releas inform prejudic competit futur tender inform disclos consult agreement parti gave inform govern unseccess tender inform procur cover entiti individu contract award provid request parti confidenti inform provid parti imped law enforc contrari public interest prejudic legitim commerci interest enterpris public privat prejudic fair competit supplier reveal formal author parti provid inform parti collect provid committe annual basi statist procur cover agreement report inform respect contract award procur entiti cover agreement entiti annex statist estim contract award threshold global basi broken entiti entiti annex statist estim contract award threshold global basi broken categori entiti entiti annex statist number total contract award threshold broken entiti categori product servic uniform classif system entiti annex statist estim contract award threshold broken categori entiti categori product servic entiti annex statist broken entiti categori product servic number total contract award case articl xv categori entiti annex statist total contract award threshold case articl xv entiti annex statist broken entiti number total contract award derog agreement contain relev annex categori entiti annex statist total contract award derog agreement contain relev annex extent inform parti provid statist countri origin product servic purchas entiti view ensur statist compar committe provid guidanc method view ensur effect monitor procur cover agreement committe decid unanim modifi requir subparagraph natur extent statist inform provid breakdown classif articl xx challeng procedur consult event complaint supplier breach agreement context procur parti encourag supplier seek resolut complaint consult procur entiti instanc procur entiti accord imparti time consider complaint manner prejudici abtain correct measur challeng system challeng parti provid discriminatori time transpar effect procedur enabl supplier challeng alleg breach agreement aris context procur interest parti provid challeng procedur write make gener parti ensur document relat aspect process procur cover agreement retain year interest supplier requir initi challeng procedur notifi procur entiti time limit time basi complaint case period dai challeng heard court imparti independ review bodi interest outcom procur member secur extern influenc term appoint review bodi court subject judici review procedur provid particip heard opinion decis reach particip repres accompani particip access proceed preceed place public opinion decis write statement describ basi opinion decis wit present document disclos review bodi challeng procedur provid rapid interim measur correct breach agreement preserv commerci opportun action result suspens procur process procedur provid overrid advers consequ interest concern includ public interest account decid measur appli circumst act provid write assess possbl decis justif challeng correct breach agreement compens loss damag suffer limit cost tender prepar protest view preserv commerci interest involv challeng procedur complet time fashion articl xxi institut committe govern procur compos repres parti establish committe elect chairman vice chairman meet year purpos afford parti opportun consult matter relat oper agreement further object carri respons assign parti committe establish work parti subsidiari bodi carri function committe articl xxii consult disput settlement provis understand rule procedur govern settlement disput wto agreement hereinaft refer disput settlement understand applic specif provid parti consid benefit accru directli indirectli agreement nullifi impair attain object agreement imped result failur parti parti carri oblig agreement applic parti parti measur conflict provis agreement view reach mutual satisfactori resolut matter make written represent propos parti parti consid concern action promptli notifi disput settlement bodi establish disput settlement understand hereinaft refer dsb parti approach give sympathet consider represent propos made dsb author establish panel adopt panel appel bodi report make recommend give rule matter maintain surveil implement rule recommend author suspens concess oblig agreement consult remedi withdraw measur found contravent agreement provid member wto parti agreement particip decis action dsb respect disput agreement panel term refer parti disput agre dai establish panel examin light relev provis agreement cover agreement cite parti disput matter refer dsb parti document make find assist dsb make recommend give rule provid agreement case disput provis agreement agreement list appendix disput settlement understand invok parti disput paragraph appli part panel report interpret applic agreement panel establish dsb examin disput agreement includ person qualifi area govern procur effort made acceler proceed greatest estent notwithstand provis paragraph articl disput settlement understand panel attempt provid final report parti disput month case delai month date composit term refer panel agre effort made reduc period foreseen paragraph articl paragraph articl disput settlement understand month notwithstand provis paragraph articl disput settlement understand panel attempt issu decis case disagr exist consist cover agreement measur compli recommend rule dai notwithstand paragraph articl disput settlement understand disput aris agreement list appendix disput settlement understand agreement result suspens concess oblig agreement disput aris agreement result suspens concess oblig agreement list appendix articl xxiii except agreement agreement constru prevent parti take action disclos inform consid protect essenti secur interest relat procur arm ammunit war materi procur indispens nation secur nation defenc purpos subject requir measur appli manner constitut mean arbitrari unjustifi discrimin countri condit prevail disguis restrict intern trade agreement constru prevent parti impos enforc measur protect public moral order safeti human anim plant life health intellectu properti relat product servic handicap person philanthrop institut prison labour articl xxiv final provis accept entri forc agreement enter forc januari govern agre coverag contain annex appendix agreement signatur accept agreement april date sign agreement subject ratif subsequ ratifi agreement januari access govern member wto prior date entri forc wto agreement contract parti gatt parti agreement acced agreement term agre govern parti access place deposit director gener wto instrument access state term agre agreement enter forc acced govern dai date access agreement transit arrang hong kong korea delai applic provis agreement articl xxi xxii date januari commenc date applic provis prior januari notifi director gener wto dai advanc period date entri forc agreement date applic hong kong right oblig hong kong parti agreement april parti agreement govern procur geneva april amend februari agreement govern substant provis agreement includ annex modifi rectifi provis incorpor refer purpos remain forc decemb parti agreement parti agreement right oblig agreement supersed agreement articl xxii enter forc date entri forc wto agreement time provis articl vii agreement appli consult disput settlement agreement provis incorpor agreement refer purpos provis appli auspic committe agreement prior date entri forc wto agreement refer wto bodi constru refer gatt bodi refer director gener wto wto secretariat constru refer director gener contract parti gatt gatt secretariat reserv reserv enter respect provis agreement nation legisl govern accept acced agreement ensur date entri forc agreement conform law regul administr procedur rule procedur practic appli entiti contain list annex hereto provis agreement parti inform committe law regul relev agreement administr law regul rectif modif rectif transfer entiti annex except case modif relat appendic iv notifi committe inform consequ chang mutual agre coverag provid agreement rectif transfer modif pure formal minor natur effect provid object dai case chairman committe promptli conven meet committe committe propos claim compensatori adjust view maintain balanc right oblig compar level mutual agre coverag provid agreement prior notif event agreement reach matter pursu accord provis contain articl xxii parti wish exercis right withdraw entiti appendix ground govern control influenc effect elimin parti notifi committe modif effect dai end meet committe provid meet sooner dai date notif object made event object matter pursu accord procedur consult disput settlement contain articl xxii propos modif appendix consequenti compensatori adjust allow made market open effect remov govern control influenc review negoti futur work committe review annual implement oper agreement take account object thereof committe annual inform gener council wto develop period cover review end year date entri forc agreement period parti thereto undertak negoti view improv agreement achiev greatest extens coverag parti basi mutual reciproc regard provis articl relat develop countri parti seek avoid introduc prolong discriminatori measur practic distort open procur context negoti subparagraph seek elimin remain date entri forc agreement inform technolog view ensur agreement constitut unnecessari obstacl technic progress parti consult regularli committe develop inform technolog govern procur negoti modif agreement consult aim ensur inform technolog promot aim open discriminatori effici govern procur transpar procedur contract cover agreement identifi inform relat contract identifi parti intend innov endeavour account view express parti potenti problem amend parti amend agreement regard inter alia experi gain implement amend parti concur accord procedur establish committe enter forc parti accept parti withdraw parti withdraw agreement withdraw effect expir dai date written notic withdraw receiv director gener wto parti notif request meet committe parti agreement member wto year date entri forc wto agreement ceas member wto ceas parti agreement effect date applic agreement parti agreement appli parti parti time accept acced agreement consent applic note appendic annex note appendic annex agreement constitut integr part thereof secretariat agreement servic wto secretariat deposit agreement deposit director gener wto promptli furnish parti certifi true copi agreement rectif modif thereto pursuant paragraph amend thereto pursuant paragraph notif accept thereof access thereto pursuant paragraph withdraw therefrom pursuant paragraph articl registr agreement regist accord provis articl charter unit nation marrakesh fifteenth dai april thousand hundr nineti singl copi english french spanish languag text authent respect appendic hereto note term countri countri agreement includ appendic understood includ separ custom territori parti agreement case separ custom territori parti agreement express agreement qualifi term nation express read pertain custom territori articl paragraph regard gener polici consider relat ti aid includ object develop countri respect unti aid agreement appli procur made further ti aid develop countri long practis parti intern dairi arrang preambl recogn import milk dairi product economi countri term product trade consumpt recogn mutual interest produc consum export import avoid surplus shortag maintain price equit level note divers interdepend dairi product note situat dairi product market character wide fluctuat prolifer export import measur improv cooper dairi product sector contribut attain object expans liber world trade implement principl object develop countri agre tokyo declar minist date septemb multilater trade negoti determin respect principl object gener agreement tariff trade hereinaft refer gener agreement gatt carri aim arrang effect implement principl object agre tokyo declar particip present arrang repres agre part gener provis articl object object arrang accord principl object agre tokyo declar minist date septemb multilater trade negoti achiev expans greater liber world trade dairi product market condit stabl basi mutual benefit export import countri econom social develop develop countri articl ii product coverag arrang appli dairi product sector purpos arrang term dairi product deem includ product defin custom cooper council nomenclatur cccn milk cream fresh concentr sweeten milk cream preserv concentr sweeten butter chees curd caseinex intern dairi product council establish term articl vii arrang hereinaft refer council decid arrang appli product dairi product refer paragraph articl incorpor deem inclus implement object provis arrang articl iii inform particip agre provid regularli promptli council inform requir permit monitor assess situat world market dairi product world market situat individu dairi product particip develop countri furnish inform order particip improv data collect mechan develop particip develop particip sympathet request technic assist inform particip undertak provid pursuant paragraph articl modal council establish includ data past perform current situat outlook product consumpt price stock trade includ transact normal commerci transact respect product refer articl ii arrang inform deem council particip provid inform domest polici trade measur bilater plurilater multilater commit dairi sector make earli polici measur affect intern trade dairi product provis paragraph requir particip disclos confidenti inform imped law enforc contrari public interest prejudic legitim commerci interest enterpris public privat note understood provis articl council instruct secretariat draw date inventori measur affect trade dairi product includ commit result bilater plurilater multilater negoti articl iv function intern dairi product council cooper particip arrang council meet order make evalu situat outlook world market dairi product basi statu report prepar secretariat document furnish particip accord articl iii arrang inform aris oper protocol cover articl vi arrang inform review function arrang evalu world market situat outlook refer paragraph articl council find market disequilibrium threat disequilibrium affect affect intern trade develop dairi product gener product council proce identifi take account situat develop countri solut consider govern depend council consid situat defin paragraph articl temporari durabl measur refer paragraph articl includ short medium long term measur contribut improv situat world market measur pursuant paragraph articl due account special favour treatment provid develop countri feasibl particip rais council matter affect arrang inter alia purpos provid paragraph articl particip promptli afford adequ opportun consult matter affect arrang matter affect applic specif provis protocol annex arrang particip consid trade interest threaten unabl reach mutual satisfactori solut particip particip concern request chairman committe relev protocol establish articl vii arrang conven special meet committe urgent basi determin rapidli work dai request measur requir meet situat satisfactori solut reach council request chairman committe relev protocol meet wihin period fifteen dai matter view facilit satisfactori solut articl food aid transact normal commerci transact particip agre cooper fao interest organ foster recognit dairi product improv nutrit level wai mean made benefit develop countri accord object arrang furnish limit possibl dairi product develop countri food aid particip notifi council advanc year practic scale quantiti destin propos contribut food aid particip give prior notif council propos amend notifi programm understood contribut made bilater joint project multilater programm world food programm recogn desir harmon effort field avoid harm interfer normal pattern product consumpt intern trade exchang view council arrang suppli requir dairi product food aid concession term donat export develop countri export destin relief purpos welfar purpos develop countri transact normal commerci transact effect accord fao principl surplu dispos consult oblig council cooper close consult committe surplu dispos council accord condit modal establish request discuss consult transact normal commerci transact cover agreement interpret applic articl vi xvi xxiii gener agreement tariff trade part specif provis articl vi protocol prejudic provis articl arrang product list subject provis protocol annex arrang annex protocol milk powder milk powder cream powder exclud whei powder annex ii protocol milk fat milk fat annex iii protocol chees chees part articl vii administr arrang intern dairi product council intern dairi product council establish framework gatt council compris repres particip arrang carri function implement provis arrang council servic gatt secretariat council establish rule procedur regular special meet council meet year chairman call special meet council initi request committe establish paragraph articl request particip arrang decis council reach decis consensu council deem decid matter submit consider member council formal object accept propos cooper organ council make arrang consult cooper inter government government organ admiss observ council invit particip countri repres meet observ ii council invit organ refer paragraph articl attend meet observ committe council establish committe carri function implement provis protocol milk powder committe carri function implement provis protocol milk fat committe carri function implement provis protocol chees committe compris repres particip relev protocol committe servic gatt secretariat report council exercis function examin market situat council make arrang determin modal inform furnish articl iii arrang committe protocol milk powder constant review situat evolut intern market product cover protocol condit provis protocol appli particip take account evolut price intern trade dairi product implic trade product cover protocol committe protocol milk fat constant review situat evolut intern market product cover protocol condit provis protocol appli particip take account evolut price intern trade dairi product implic trade product cover protocol committe protocol chees constant review situat evolut intern market product cover protocol condit provis protocol appli particip take account evolut price intern trade dairi product implic trade product cover protocol regular special meet committe meet quarter chairman committe call special meet committe initi request particip decis committe reach decis consensu committe deem decid matter submit consider member committe formal object accept propos part articl viii final provis accept arrang open accept signatur govern member unit nation special agenc european econom commun govern accept arrang time accept make reserv regard accept protocol annex arrang reserv subject approv particip arrang deposit director gener contract parti gatt promptli furnish certifi copi thereof notif accept thereof particip text arrang english french spanish languag equal authent accept arrang carri denunci arrang dairi product geneva januari enter forc particip accept arrang denunci protocol relat milk fat geneva april enter forc particip accept protocol denunci effect date entri forc arrang provision applic govern deposit director gener contract parti gatt declar provision applic arrang govern deposit declar provision appli arrang provision regard particip arrang entri forc arrang enter forc particip accept januari particip accept arrang date effect date accept valid contract enter date entri forc arrang affect arrang valid arrang remain forc year durat arrang extend period year time council eighti dai prior date expiri decid amend provis modif made arrang council recommend amend provis arrang propos amend enter forc accept govern particip relationship arrang annex deem integr part arrang subject provis paragraph articl protocol mention articl vi arrang contain annex ii iii list refer point mention articl protocol milk powder articl protocol milk fat articl protocol chees contain annex ii iii schedul price differenti milk fat content mention articl note protocol milk powder articl note protocol milk fat contain annex ii regist process control measur refer articl protocol milk powder contain annex ic relationship arrang gatt arrang affect right oblig particip gatt withdraw particip withdraw arrang withdraw effect expir sixti dai dai written notic withdraw receiv director gener contract parti gatt subject condit agre particip particip withdraw protocol annex arrang withdraw effect expir sixti dai dai written notic withdraw receiv director gener contract parti gatt geneva twelfth dai april nineteen hundr seventi annex protocol milk powder part articl product coverag protocol appli milk powder cream powder fall cccn head exclud whei powder part articl pilot product purpos protocol minimum export price establish pilot product descript design skim milk powder milk fat content equal cent weight water content equal cent weight design milk powder milk fat content cent weight water content equal cent weight design buttermilk powder milk fat content equal cent weight water content equal cent weight packag packag trade net content weight kg lb term sale ocean vessel export countri free frontier export countri derog provis refer point design countri list annex committe establish pursuanc articl vii arrang hereinaft refer committe amend content annex prompt payment document articl minimum price level observ minimum price particip undertak step ensur export price product defin articl protocol minimum price applic present protocol product export form good incorpor particip step avoid circumvent price provis protocol minimum price level set present articl account current market situat dairi price produc particip ensur relationship minimum price establish protocol present arrang ensur equit price consum desir maintain minimum return effici produc order ensur stabil suppli longer term minimum price provid paragraph present articl applic date entri forc protocol fix metric ton skim milk powder defin articl protocol ii metric ton milk powder defin articl protocol iii metric ton buttermilk powder defin articl protocol level minimum price present articl modifi committe take account hand result oper protocol hand evolut situat intern market level minimum price present articl subject review year committe committe meet septemb year purpos undertak review committe account extent relev cost face product relev econom factor world market maintain long term minimum return econom produc maintain stabil suppli ensur accept price consum current market situat regard desir improv relationship level minimum price set paragraph present articl dairi support level major produc particip adjust minimum price product export differ pilot product respect fat content packag term sale minimum price adjust protect minimum price establish protocol product articl protocol provis milk fat content milk fat content milk powder articl present protocol exclud buttermilk powder differ milk fat content pilot product defin articl present protocol full percentag point milk fat cent upward adjust minimum price proport differ minimum price establish pilot product defin articl present protocol packag product offer packag trade net content weight kg lb minimum price adjust reflect differ cost packag type packag term sale sold term export countri free frontier export countri minimum price calcul basi minimum price paragraph articl real justifi cost servic provid term sale includ credit charg prevail commerci rate countri concern export import skim milk powder buttermilk powder purpos anim feed dy derog provis paragraph articl particip condit defin export import case skim milk powder buttermilk powder purpos anim feed price minimum price provid protocol product particip make possibl extent subject product export import process control measur appli countri export destin ensur skim milk powder buttermilk powder export import exclus anim feed process control measur approv committe record regist establish particip with make provis paragraph give advanc notif intent committe meet request particip examin market situat particip furnish inform transact respect skim milk powder buttermilk powder purpos anim feed committe follow develop sector period make forecast evolut trade special conditon sale particip undertak limit institut possibl ensur practic refer articl protocol effect directli indirectli bring export price produc subject minimum price provis agre minimum price field applic particip protocol applic export product articl protocol manufactur repack insid custom territori transact normal commerci transact provis paragraph articl regard appli donat export develop countri export destin relief purpos food relat develop purpos welfar purpos develop countri articl provis inform case price intern trade product cover articl protocol approach minimum price mention articl protocol prejudic provis articl iii arrang particip notifi committe relev element evalu market situat credit loan practic twin product barter side transact refund rebat exclus contract packag cost detail packag committe make verif articl oblig export particip export particip agre endeavour accord institut possibl suppli prioriti basi normal commerci requir develop import particip food relat develop purpos welfar purpos articl cooper import particip particip import product cover articl protocol undertak cooper implement minimum price object protocol ensur product cover articl protocol import custom valuat equival prescrib minimum price prejudic provis articl iii arrang articl protocol suppli inform import product cover articl protocol particip sympathet propos remedi action import price inconsist minimum price threaten oper protocol paragraph articl appli import skim milk powder buttermilk powder purpos anim feed provid import subject measur procedur provid articl protocol part articl derog request particip committe author grant derog provis articl paragraph protocol order remedi difficulti observ minimum price particip committe pronounc request month date request articl emerg action particip consid interest endang countri bound protocol request chairman committe conven emerg meet committe work dai determin decid measur requir meet situat meet arrang work dai commerci interest particip concern materi prejud particip unilater action safeguard posit condit particip affect immedi notifi chairman committe formal advis immedi full circumst case request call special meet committe earliest moment annex ii protocol milk fat part articl product coverag protocol appli milk fat fall cccn head milk fat content equal greater cent weight part articl pilot product purpos protocol minimum export price establish pilot product descript design anhydr milk fat milk fat content cent weight design butter milk fat content cent weight packag packag trade net content weight kg lb term sale export countri free frontier export countri derog provis refer point design countri total annex ii committe establish pursuanc articl vii arrang hereinaft refer committe amend content annex prompt payment document articl minimum price level observ minimum price particip undertak step ensur export price product defin articl protocol minimum price applic present protocol product export form good incorpor particip step avoid circumvent price provis protocol minimum price level set present articl account current market situat dairi price produc particip ensur relationship minimum price establish protocol present arrang ensur equit price consum desir maintain minimum return effici produc order ensur stabil suppli longer term minimum price provid paragraph present articl applic date entri forc protocol fix metric ton anhydr milk fat defin articl protocol ii metric ton butter defin articl protocol level minimum price present articl modifi committe take account hand result oper protocol hand evolut situat intern market level minimum price present articl subject review year committe committe meet septemb year purpos undertak review committe account extent relev cost face produc relev econom factor world market maintain long term minimum return econom produc maintain stabil suppli ensur accept price consum current market situat regard desir improv relationship level minimum price set paragraph present articl dairi support level major produc particip adjust minimum price product export differ pilot product respect fat content packag term sale minimum price adjust protect minimum price establish protocol product articl protocol provis milk fat content milk fat content product defin articl present protocol differ milk fat content pilot product defin articl present protocol milk fat content equal greater cent cent minimum price product full percentag point milk fat content cent increas reduc proport differ minimum price establish pilot product defin articl present protocol packag product offer packag trade net content weight kg lb minimum price adjust reflect differ cost packag type packag term sale sold term export countri free frontier export countri minimum price calcul basi minimum price paragraph articl real justifi cost servic provid term sale includ credit charg prevail commerci rate countri concern special condit sale particip undertak limit institut possibl ensur practic refer articl protocol effect directli indirectli bring export price product subject minimum price provis agre minimum price field applic particip protocol applic export product articl protocol manufactur repack insid custom territori transact normal commerci transact provis paragraph articl regard appli donat export develop countri export destin relief purpos food relat develop purpos welfar purpos develop countri articl provis inform case price intern trade product coverd articl protocol approach minimum price mention articl protocol prejudic provis articl iii arrang particip notifi committe relev element evalu market situat credit loan practic twin product barter side transact refund rebat exclus contract packag cost detail packag committe make verif articl oblig export particip export particip agre endeavour accord institut possibl suppli prioriti basi normal commerci requir develop import particip food relat develop purpos welfar purpos articl cooper import particip particip import product cover articl protocol undertak cooper implement minimum price object protocol ensur product cover articl protocol import custom valuat equival prescrib minimum price prejudic provis articl iii arrang articl protocol suppli inform import product cover articl protocol particip sympathet propos remedi action import price inconsist minimum price threaten oper protocol part articl derog request particip committe author grant derog provis articl paragraph protocol order remedi difficulti observ minimum price particip committe pronounc request month date request articl emerg action particip consid interest endang countri bound protocol request chairman committe conven emerg meet committe work dai determin decid measur requir meet situat meet arrang work dai commerci interest particip concern materi prejud particip unilater action safeguard posit condit particip affect immedi notifi chairman committe formal advis immedi full circumst case request call special meet committe earliest moment annex iii protocol chees part articl product coverag protocol appli chees fall cccn head fat content dry matter weight equal cent dry matter content weight equal cent part articl pilot product purpos protocol minimum export price establish pilot product descript design chees packag packag trade net content weight kg lb term sale export countri free frontier export countri derog provis refer point design countri list annex iii committe establish pursuanc articl vii arrang hereinaft refer committe amend content annex prompt payment document articl minimum price level observ minimum price particip undertak step ensur export price product defin articl protocol minimum price applic present protocol product export form good incorpor particip step avoid circumvent price provis protocol minimum price level set present articl take account current market situat dairi price produc particip ensur relationship minimum price establish protocol present arrang ensur equit price consum desir maintain minimum return effici produc order ensur stabil suppli longer term minimum price provid paragraph present articl applic date entri forc protocol fix metric ton level minimum price present articl modifi committe take account hand result oper protocol hand evolut situat intern market level minimum price present articl subject review year committe committe meet septemb year purpos undertak review committe account extent relev cost face produc relev econom factor world market maintain long term minimum return econom produc maintain stabil suppli ensur accept price consum current market situat regard desir improv relationship level minimum price set paragraph present articl dairi support level major produc particip adjust minimum price product export differ pilot product respect packag term sale minimum price adjust protect minimum price establish protocol provis packag product offer packag articl minimum price adjust reflect differ cost packag type packag term sale sold term export countri free frontier export countri minimum price calcul basi minimum price paragraph articl real justifi cost servic provid term sale includ credit charg prevail commerci rate countri concern special condit sale particip undertak limit institut possibl ensur practic refer articl protocol effect directli indirectli bring export price product subject minimum price provis agre minimum price field applic particip protocol applic export product articl protocol manufactur repack insid custom territori transact normal commerci transact provis paragraph articl regard appli donat export develop countri export destin relief purpos food relat develop purpos welfar purpos develop countri articl provis inform case price intern trade product cover articl protocol approach minimum price mention articl protocol prejudic provis articl iii arrang particip notifi committe relev element evalu market situat credit loan practic twin product barter side transact refund rebat exclus contract packag cost detail packag committe make verif articl oblig export particip export particip agre endeavour accord institut possibl suppli prioriti basi normal commerci requir develop import particip food relat develop purpos welfar purpos articl cooper import particip particip import product cover articl protocol undertak cooper implement minimum price object protocol ensur product cover articl protocol import custom valuat equival prescrib minimum price prejudic provis articl iii arrang articl protocol suppli inform import product cover articl protocol particip sympathet propos remedi action import price inconsist minimum price threaten oper protocol part articl derog request particip committe author grant derog provis articl paragraph protocol order remedi difficulti observ minimum price particip committe pronounc request thirti dai date request provis articl appli export except circumst small quantiti natur unprocess chees normal export qualiti result deterior product fault particip export chees notifi gatt secretariat advanc intent particip notifi committe quarterli sale chees effect provis paragraph respect transact quantiti price destin involv articl emerg action particip consid interest endang countri bound protocol request chairman committe conven emerg meet committe work dai determin decid measur requir meet situat meet arrang work dai commerci interest particip concern materi prejud particip unilater action safeguard posit condit particip affect immedi notifi chairman committe formal advis immedi full circumst case request call special meet committe earliest moment arrang bovin meat preambl convinc increas intern cooper carri contribut achiev greater liber stabil expans intern trade meat live anim take account avoid disturb intern trade bovin meat live anim recogn import product trade bovin meat live anim economi countri develop develop countri mind oblig principl object gener agreement tariff trade hereinaft refer gener agreement gatt determin carri aim arrang implement principl object agre tokyo declar minist date septemb multilater trade negoti concern special favour treatment develop countri particip present arrang repres agre part gener provis articl object object arrang promot expans greater liber stabil intern meat livestock market facilit progress dismantl obstacl restrict world trade bovin meat live anim includ compartment trade improv intern framework world trade benefit consum produc import export eucourag greater intern cooper aspect affect trade bovin meat live anim view greater ration effici distribut resourc intern meat economi secur addit benefit intern trade develop countri bovin meat live anim improv possibl countri particip expans world trade product mean inter alia promot long term stabil price context expand world market bovin meat live anim promot mainten improv earn develop countri export bovin meat live anim view deriv addit earn mean secur long term stabil market bovin meat live anim expand trade competit basi take account tradit posit effici produc articl ii product coverag arrang appli bovin meat purpos arrang term bovin meat consid includ cccn live bovin anim meat edibl offal bovin anim fresh chill frozenex meat edibl offal bovin anim salt brine dri smokedex prepar preserv meat offal bovin animalsex product ad intern meat council establish term articl arrang order accomplish object provis arrang articl iii inform market monitor particip agre provid regularli promptli council inform permit council monitor access situat world market meat situat world market specif meat particip develop countri furnish inform order countri improv data collect mechan develop particip develop particip sympathet request technic assist inform particip undertak provid pursuant paragraph articl modal council establish includ data past perform current situat assess outlook product includ evolut composit herd consumpt price stock trade product refer articl ii inform deem council compet product particip provid inform domest polici trade measur includ bilater plurilater commit bovin sector notifi earli polici measur affect intern trade live bovin anim meat provis paragraph requir particip disclos confidenti inform imped law enforc contrari public interest prejudic legitim commerci interest enterpris public privat secretariat arrang monitor variat market data herd size stock slaughter domest intern price permit earli detect symptom imbal suppli demand situat secretariat council appriz signific develop world market prospect product consumpt export import note understood provis articl council instruct secretariat draw date inventori measur affect trade bovin meat live anim includ commit result bilater plurilater multilater negoti articl iv function intern meat council cooper particip arrang council meet order evalu world suppli demand situat outlook basi interpret analysi present situat probabl develop drawn secretariat arrang basi document provid conform articl iii present arrang includ relat oper domest trade polici inform secretariat proce comprehens examin function present arrang provid opportun regular consult matter affect intern trade bovin meat evalu world suppli demand situat refer paragraph articl examin relev inform pursuant paragraph articl iii council find evid imbal threat thereof intern meat market council proce consensu take account situat develop countri identifi consider govern solut remedi situat consistet principl rule gatt depend council consid situat defin paragraph articl temporari durabl measur refer paragraph articl includ short medium long term measur import export contribut improv situat world market consist object aim arrang expans greater liber stabil intern meat und livestock market suggest measur pursuant paragraph articl due consider special favour treatment develop countri feasibl particip undertak contribut fullest extent implement object arrang set articl end consist principl rule gener agreement particip regular basi enter discuss provid articl iv view explor possibl achiev object present arrang dismantl obstacl world trade bovin meat live anim discuss prepar subsequ consider solut trade problem consist rule principl gatt jointli accept parti concern balanc context mutual advantag particip rais council matter affect arrang inter alia purpos provid paragraph articl council request particip meet period fifteen dai matter affect present arrang part articl administr arrang intern meat council intern meat council establish framework gatt council compris repres particip arrang carri function implement provis arrang council servic gatt secretariat council establish rule procedur modal consult provid articl iv regular special meet council meet year chairman call special meet council initi request particip arrang decis council reach decis consensu council deem decid matter submit consider member council formal object accept propos cooper whith organ council make arrang consult cooper intergovernment government organ admiss observ council invit particip countri repres meet observ council invit organ refer paragraph articl attend meet observ part articl vi final provis accept arrang open accept signatur govern member unit nation special agenc european econom commun govern accept arrang time accept make reserv regard accept provis present arrang reserv subject approv particip arrang deposit director gener contract parti gatt promptli furnish certifi copi thereof notif accept thereof particip text arrang english french spanish languag equal authent entri forc arrang entail aboliton intern meat consult group provision applic govern deposit director gener contract parti gatt declar provision applic arrang govern deposit declar provison appli arrang provison regard particip arrang entri forc arrang enter forc particip accept januari particip accept arrang date effect date accept valid arrang remain forc year durat arrang extend period year time council eighti dai prior date expiri decid amend provis modif made arrang council recommend amend provis arrang propos amend enter forc accept govern particip relationship arrang gatt arrang affect right oblig particip gatt withdraw particip withdraw arrang withdraw effect expir sixti dai date written notic withdraw receiv director gener contract parti gatt annex draft exchang letter uruguai european commun european commun agre includ final offer market access uruguai round addit quantiti thousand metric tonn high qualiti beef meat bovin anim fresh chill meat bovin anim frozen uruguai european commun uruguai agre provis contain tokyo round agreement european commun prepar envisag possibl uruguai export addit annual quantiti high qualiti beef quota cut fulli beneficiari countri ceas appli abovement provis ceas appli date addit quantiti thousand metric tonn implement parti appendix divid annex annex central govern entiti annex central govern entiti annex entiti procur accord provis agreement annex specifi servic list posit neg cover agreement annex specifi cover construct servic relev threshold parti annex agreement appli procur contract contract estim equal exce threshold time public notic accord articl ix purpos agreement technic regul document lai characterist product servic relat process product method includ applic administr provis complianc mandatori includ deal exclus terminolog symbol packag mark label requir appli product servic process product method purpos agreement standard document approv recogn bodi common repeat rule guidelin characterist product servic relat process product method complianc mandatori includ deal exclus terminolog symbol packag mark label requir appli product servic process product method understand exist equip includ softwar extent initi procur softwar cover agreement origin develop product servic includ limit product suppli order incorpor result field test demonstr product servic suitabl product suppli quantiti accept qualiti standard extend quantiti product suppli establish commerci viabil recov research develop cost offset govern procur measur encourag local develop improv balanc payment account mean domest content licens technolog invest requir counter trade similar requir purpos agreement term govern deem includ compet author european commun provis agreement preambl articl vii articl ix paragraph paragraph arrang protocol annex thereto term countri deem includ european econom commun preambular provis appli particip contract parti gatt confirm term matter paragraph includ matter cover multilater agreement negoti framework multilater trade negoti bear export import measur confirm provis articl iv footnot prejudic right oblig parti agreement term accept accept articl includ complet domest procedur implement provis arrang purpos arrang term govern deem includ compet author european econom commun provis appli particip contract parti gatt deriv manufactur butter anhydr milk fat annex reproduc metric ton octob metric ton june metric ton octob defin articl procotol annex schedul price differenti milk fat content annex reproduc articl annex regist process control measur understood export permit ship skim milk powder buttermilk powder anim feed purpos unalt state import nad process control measur insert regist case export world inform committe intent ship unalt skim milk powder buttermilk powder anim feed purpos import process control measur regist annex reproduc annex ii reproduc metric ton june metric ton june articl annex iii reproduc metric ton octob articl provis appli gatt contract parti note confirm term matter paragraph includ matter cover multilater agreement negoti framework multilater trade negoti bear export import measur confirm provis articl iv paragraph footnot prejudic right oblig parti agreement term quot accept quot quot accept quot articl includ complet domest procedur implement provis arrang purpos arrang term quot govern quot deem includ compet author european econom commun provis appli gatt contract parti