commiss decis septemb relat proceed pursuant council regul eec iv rtl veronica endemol english text authent ec commiss european commun regard treati establish european commun regard council regul eec decemb control concentr undertak articl thereof regard commiss decis initi proceed case undertak concern opportun make view object rais commiss regard opinion advisori committe concentr april commiss receiv request dutch govern pursuant articl council regul eec merger regul examin propos joint ventur holland media groep sa hmg rtl sa rtl verenig veronica omroeporganisati veronica endemol entertain hold bv endemol oper made dutch govern march mean press releas parti dutch govern request pursuant articl made month period provid articl examin abovement request commiss found request admiss mean articl merger regul concentr rais doubt compat common market decis commiss initi proceed pursuant articl conjunct articl merger regul parti rtl compani incorpor law luxembourg suppli dutch speak tv radio programm broadcast respons compagni luxembourgeois de télédiffus clt clt hold directli indirectli share capit rtl clt broadcast compani establish law luxembourg involv televis radio publish relat busi nation market consolid turnov clt ecu million dutch publish compani nv verenigd bezit vnu hold indirectli rtl rtl broadcast free commerci tv channel dutch languag rtl rtl direct netherland veronica associ establish law netherland act dutch tv radio market septemb public broadcast organ veronica public broadcast organ broadcast programm public channel nederland veronica announc intent leav public broadcast system order commerci broadcast decis withdraw public broadcast system bind januari veronica appli licenc oper public broadcast septemb endemol compani establish law netherland endemol result merger je entertain bv john de mol commun bv endemol independ produc tv programm centr activ netherland ii oper purpos oper creation compani hmg busi packag suppli tv radio programm broadcast clt veronica netherland luxembourg view fact normal suspens provis set merger regul appli case initi articl parti entitl complet oper case fulli rtl hold share hgm veronica endemol hold compani veronica media groep vmg hold remain rtl acquir share capit veronica blad bv subsidiari veronica publish weekli tv magazin veronica endemol exist radio tv activ parti direct netherland transfer hmg asset transfer rtl includ tv channel rtl rtl relat asset rtl rock radio channel hmg benefit clt broadcast licenc concess busi consist suppli packag dutch speak televis radio programm broadcast netherland luxembourg sharehold ipn sa ipn advertis compani sell tv advertis time rtl rtl channel asset transfer veronica endemol includ veronica tv channel relat asset endemol radio activ holland fm radio channel tv programm hmg broadcast septemb separ channel rtl rtl channel broadcast clt luxembourg broadcast licenc concess veronica channel broadcast dutch licenc commerci broadcast iii concentr oper constitut concentr mean articl merger regul hmg concentr joint ventur hand interpret articl put forward parti correct commiss view joint control hmg fact cast vote parent compani case reconcili effort parent compani necessarili joint control notic notion concentr oj decemb paragraph case parent compani contribut joint ventur vital oper paragraph present case basic purpos joint ventur combin rtl channel commerci veronica channel ensur suppli programm endemol parti vital maintain profil hmg channel rtl side veronica endemol side provid contribut crucial oper hmg circumst parent compani hmg oper joint ventur agreement import strateg decis contest cast vote rtl practic limit unusu situat prevent joint ventur jointli control event joint control hmg mean articl merger regul concentr present case form acquisit sole control rtl asset transfer vmg hmg specif circumst case chang assess set assess effect concentr product market remain structur link endemol hmg paragraph parent compani transfer hmg virtual activ market joint ventur commerci tv radio netherland scope coordin competit behaviour parent joint ventur iv commun dimens basi figur provid parti combin aggreg worldwid turnov threshold ecu thousand million met propos concentr commun dimens mean articl merger regul left open vnu undertak concern mean articl merger regul undertak concern parti rtl attain aggreg commun wide turnov ecu million effect trade member state concentr affect trade member state mean articl merger regul creation joint ventur influenc condit entrant dutch tv broadcast market tv advertis market includ broadcast netherland impact market acquisit foreign english languag programm netherland addit joint ventur hmg compani base luxembourg channel rtl rtl broadcast licenc concess confer grand duchi luxembourg dutch public tv channel fed cabl network belgium chang structur dutch tv market indirect impact tv market belgium legal situat belgium regard vtm chang result increas competit foreign channel market competit dutch commerci channel includ hmg channel vi assess articl merger regul relev product market concentr impact tv broadcast explain detail tv broadcast compet audienc share view fact direct trade relationship broadcast free tv channel suppli side viewer demand side argu tv broadcast constitut market strict econom sens notion decid issu purpos present case issu left open fact event term broadcast market viewer market common concern analysi decis adopt terminolog gener recogn sector ii market tv advertis iii market independ produc dutch tv programm tv product exclud hous product produc netherland broadcast competit structur market market share relat radio station transfer hmg low commiss consid oper creat strengthen domin posit market radio broadcast radio advertis parti argu commiss enquiri present case limit market tv advertis dutch govern invit commiss examin concentr creat strengthen domin posit result effect competit tv advertis market significantli imped netherland dutch govern identifi competit problem relat market examin market view parti exce mandat contain request dutch govern commiss agre opinion parti articl expressli state commiss find relat concentr question specif aspect thereof instanc specif product market respect articl differ articl commiss refer concentr regard distinct market member state regard product servic question geograph refer market articl gener identifi market competit problem aris examin concentr commiss carri request govern question respect articl procedur case commun dimens difficult member state assess market competit problem occur present case member state concern real investigatori power absenc nation provis relat merger control tv broadcast tv broadcast commonli viewer market broadcast compet audienc share true commerci tv financ advertis public broadcast partial financ advertis audienc share broadcast market determin factor success tv advertis market competit audienc share hand broadcast financ advertis hand public broadcast financ licenc fee pai tv supplier financ subscript fee case broadcast carri tv advertis audienc share remain import indic attract accept broadcast channel gener public basi viewer market includ tv broadcast term trade relationship broadcast suppli side viewer demand side distinct drawn hand market tv advertis broadcast compet advertis revenu hand market pai tv pai tv supplier compet subscript netherland public broadcast financ licenc fee advertis pai tv supplier reason outlin tv broadcast programm distribut netherland includ analysi viewer market set tradit reason data audienc share netherland includ part audienc relat home video appear home video part tv broadcast market analysi audienc share set incorpor home video affect analysi case audienc share attribut home video relev posit broadcast tv advertis market ii market tv advertis competit tv advertis market take place trade relationship tv broadcast advertis directli altern agenc repres advertis contact broadcast market tv advertis distinguish advertis media print media consum target type advertis differ consider addit techniqu emploi short film tv advertis graphic magazin relat product cost media price term target consum reach netherland cost thousand advertis contact tv advertis averag dai oppos advertis magazin fluctuat tv advertis media dealt detail conclud tv advertis advertis print media distinct market iii market independ produc dutch tv programm tv product exclud hous product explain detail paragraph independ product dutch tv programm constitut relev product market separ market hous product produc broadcast hous product broadcast captiv product compet independ produc market independ product character trade relationship broadcast programm broadcast channel independ produc supplier programm geograph market tv broadcast relev geograph market tv broadcast present case limit netherland relev factor account includ applic regulatori regim exist languag barrier cultur factor condit competit prevail market structur market cabl network basi element clear distinct made netherland countri respect flander belgium differ regulatori requir specif dutch system public broadcast exclus licenc commerci tv belgium vtm tv broadcast direct netherland compet geograph market distinct neighbour region rtl rtl distribut belgium nederland receiv belgium fed belgian cabl network attain prime time audienc share attain dutch territori belgian commerci channel vtm receiv netherland distribut cabl network belgium flemish public channel tv tv fed cabl network netherland attain prime time audienc share attain belgian tv market cultur barrier constitut major obstacl interpenetr dutch belgian tv market tv programm broadcast languag belgium netherland differ verbal express nation tast prefer tv person parti broadcast produc contact commiss tv market netherland flander region belgium consid geograph market tv advertis separ geograph market tv advertis direct dutch consum distinguish tv advertis market belgium radic condit competit exist respect competit advertis revenu netherland subsidiari rtl ipn compet ster joint oper public broadcast organ advertis revenu belgium vtm recent commerci channel permit sell commerci advertis dutch ster institut consid rtl rtl broadcast belgium sell advertis time dutch public broadcast account impact advertis flemish part belgium mean includ tv audienc region rate card similarli vtm sell advertis time netherland addit regulatori rule advertis belgium netherland belgium limit commerci direct children children programm regard refer price tv advertis tv broadcast cultur barrier differ verbal express tast prefer present advertis account assess geograph market lead conclus separ geograph market limit territori netherland exist tv advertis independ dutch tv product separ geograph market independ dutch tv product belgian flander region exclud relev market cultur differ virtual dutch product bought belgium belgian product bought netherland confirm commiss investig case dutch produc question point includ endemol sold tv product belgium sale minim compar total dutch independ product market differ tv product countri relev entertain programm includ instanc show sit com programm relat polit cultur featur difficult attract audienc flemish region belgium programm star netherland flander similarli difficult attract dutch audienc programm produc belgian audienc effect concentr market interconnect posit hmg parent market direct impact posit market audienc share viewer market essenti factor determin market posit tv advertis market high revenu achiev advertis market enabl acquisit attract programm sport right turn improv posit viewer market prefer access attract programm strenghten posit tv advertis viewer market link endemol produc biggest broadcast netherland strengthen posit market independ product explain detail combin strength partner hmg confer joint ventur endemol strong posit vi vi respect competitor tv broadcast structur dutch tv broadcast market creation hmg tv broadcast netherland includ public commerci broadcast addit channel specif direct netherland channel abroad specif direct netherland fed dutch cabl network public sector broadcast channel nederland channel run nederlands omroepprogramma sticht no behalf major public broadcast organ algemen omroepverenig avro verenig evangelisch omroep eo katholiek radio omroep kro nederlands christeljik radio verenig ncrv tro omroepverenig vara vara veronica omroep organisati voo veronica omroepverenig vpro vpro no umbrella organ provid administr servic broadcast new sport programm organ statu determin amount time organ entitl broadcast hour televis year design channel confer organ obtain member tradition organ reflect cultur polit differ exist netherland includ protest cathol liber socialist omroep handboek page basic characterist major organ gt tabl gt total number member associ member repres dutch household structur channel divid associ gt tabl gt commissariaat voor de media determin broadcast time proport total broadcast time attribut organ dai period dai broadcast addit commissariaat attribut broadcast time channel broadcast organizationssss bodi educ cooper educom rvu teleac church ikon rkk social cultur group hoss socutera minist van algemen zaken prime minist offic polit parti structur public broadcast result configur complex lack flexibl discuss organ order broadcast coordin program difficult dutch govern inform commiss attempt improv current coordin program organ attempt move direct order achiev vertic coordin organ broadcast channel achiev horizont coordin channel doubt attempt lead signific chang year differ opinion polit orient vertic coordin remain difficult practic year horizont coordin limit respect actual content programm commerci broadcast netherland includ channel broadcast dutch channel broadcast foreign languag channel broadcast dutch includ rtl rtl special interest nich channel kindernet eurosport addit newcom includ channel sb intend broadcast septemb special interest channel tv gold music factori arcad channel began broadcast year channel broadcast foreign languag includ ard wdr bbc tv rai whilst public channel distribut cabl terrestri transmiss cover dutch household commerci broadcast distribut cabl network rtl rtl reach dutch household compani broadcast netherland demonstr abil reach popul connect cabl network year transmiss popul year transmiss appear legal requir abandon futur accord current propos amend media law respect rtl began broadcast netherland rtl channel introduc year public channel dutch viewer market share declin total view yearli averag market share dutch tv market figur prime time gt tabl gt public broadcast attain market share rtl rtl broadcast month market share rtl rtl increas ii structur tv broadcast market netherland concentr accord previous declar intent veronica commit leav public broadcast system begin fulli fledg commerci broadcast oper dai week half dai veronica obtain licenc dutch author oper commerci channel began broadcast septemb creation hmg veronica strongest commerci competitor rtl rtl result creation joint ventur programm rtl rtl veronica coordin hmg strongest broadcast netherland busi plan hmg draft januari parti expect threee channel obtain combin audienc share rtl rtl parti argu figur correct commerci broadcast sb began broadcast end august attain market posit parti origin envisag parti expect hmg attain audienc share sb attain sb attain posit hmg broadcast market determin hand specif strength combin hand abil public broadcast commerci broadcast sb compet hmg iii strength hmg rtl rtl dutch commerci channel offer full programm servic date rtl channel oper establish averag annual audienc share programm gear famili target group housew rtl character station star imag deriv form entertain programm success rtl context illustr fact sport programm highest audienc rate season rtl broadcast programm rtl channel introduc meantim attain annual averag audienc share programm direct partial young peopl rtl sa belong clt group access larg resourc group oper strong success televis channel european countri veronica gener acknowledg popular public broadcast dai broadcast netherland veronica audienc share vari june juli novemb veronica broadcast associ highest number member million oppos associ main target group veronica young peopl ag group includ young famili slightli male orient rtl channel demonstr slogan young wild excit veronica imag modern dynam televis station success programm includ instanc weekli show love term audienc rate highest rank sport programm combin channel rtl rtl veronica enabl hmg coordin programm schedul order attract maximum viewer react compet channel unlik situat veronica commerci channel competit veronica rtl channel contrari hmg coordin target viewer group provid complementari programm schedul channel dai main target group cover rtl veronica rtl fight channel directli counteract program compet channel partiuclar programm entrant market fact hmg trend letter personnel hmg programm director hmg state rtl fight channel flexibl station netherland program immedi anticip compet channel combin rtl channel veronica strengthen hmg structur link endemol parent compani explain detail paragraph endemol biggest dutch independ produc tv programm endemol own right produc popular tv programm favour access success tv programm format popular tv person contract exclus basi endemol past main programm supplier rtl rtl veronica relationship base structur link guarante preferenti access channel success product made endemol preferenti access flow structur link illustr product agreement hmg endemol inter alia grant hmg sharehold hmg venu lead dutch publish vnu publish larg number gener famili weekli magazin libel margriet panorama stori nieuw revu incorpor televis programm inform featur promot specif programm star structur link tv broadcast print media deal inter alia tv relat featur promot tv programm broadcast occur exist statut editori independ experi show ownership print media influenc gener orient media direct cooper broadcast print media owner link health beauti magazin top santé vnu own mgazin relat televis programm broadcast rtl dutch broadcast similar link print media context import veronica associ own veronica gid largest dutch tv programm guid weekli circul million copi market share tv guid confer channel hmg major competit advantag promot programm iv possibl public broadcast react contrast hmg public broadcast coordin program public channel provid complementari programm schedul outlin recit orient public broadcast organ make inher difficult achiev coordin programm schedul channel provid channel specif imag ident target import viewer group difficult nederland individu rtl rtl veronica experi show framework public broadcast netherland render difficult coordin programm schedul channel type programm broadcast time public channel attempt improv horizont vertic coordin public broadcast appear reason outlin attempt achiev limit degre success year signific improv requir radic chang public broadcast system parti argu public broadcast guarante sourc revenu licenc fee amount fl million advertis revenu amount fl billion confer public broadcast strong competit advantag note licenc fee revenu radio tv advertis earmark no major broadcast organ revenu dutch ministri cultur total public broadcast system netherland compos fl million deriv licenc fee fl million deriv radio tv advertis fl million interest revenu total amount fl billion spread gt tabl gt budget revenu licenc fee cover larg number item financ no major broadcast associ amount fl billion earmark nationwid broadcast tv activ organ amount cover financ public radio station fl million organ bodi mention broadcast public channel respect major organ receiv fl million total public incom deriv licenc fee advertis revenu no receiv fl million fl million gener program fl million event fl teletext fl million minor friesland televis advertis revenu fl million total earmark nationwid tv radio broadcast total budget fl million activ cover extent fl advertis revenu account budget nationwid public tv radio activ basi conclud licenc fee intend financ broad complex system public broadcast includ radio tv no tv broadcast major associ receiv proport licenc fee incom advertis revenu plai import role amount guarante incom public tv broadcast deriv licenc fee account fact level staff overhead cost public broadcast higher commerci competitor rtl number employe princip public broadcast organ amount whilst rtl rtl oper basi employe hmg oper channel public broadcast staff employe quarter staff emploi public broadcast gener complex dutch public broadcast system multipl broadcast organ relat asset inevit lead compar higher cost public broadcast compar commerci broadcast parti point addit normal licenc fee incom public broadcast receiv addit fl million fund note addit incom sourc reserv public broadcast sum contrast explain detail signific long term reduct advertis revenu public broadcast creation hmg due posit hmg attain tv advertis market loss revenu direct impact product budget public broadcast turn repercuss viewer market repercuss signific public broadcast lose broadcast major sport event hmg oblig bid high amount order right parti contend whilst sport right dutch soccer leagu cost fl million cost expect increas fl million gener term parti argu acquisit sport right requir larg invest counterbalanc result revenu obtain advertis public broadcast public fund prepar pai right chairman hmg state explicitli disadvantag public broadcast result structur link hmg endemol provid hmg preferenti access attract endemol format programm public broadcast obtain programm make difficult fill gap creat veronica departur public system success veronica program larg degre link product endemol reason outlin constitut essenti structur element dutch tv market possibl public broadcast compet entiti hmg viewer market limit gener natur public broadcast limit abil public broadcast react commerci manner commerci broadcast hmg whilst hmg optim program commerci point view order attract maximum viewer public mission public broadcast associ permit behav manner public mission requir public channel provid minimum programm direct spectrum viewer includ programm attract limit number viewer art cultur programm inform programm minor market entranc sb august sb dutch commerci broadcast start broadcast netherland sb provid gener entertain programm channel sb includ dutch languag product sb own scandinavian broadcast system sb etablish oper commerci tv channel scandinavia februari dutch languag channel vt direct flemish region belgium turnov sb group usd million parti argu sb strong competitor hmg channel appear scope sb compet netherland limit comparison hmg rtl rtl establish commerci channel netherland veronica commerci broadcast dutch tv audienc gener million member contrast sb channel total dutch audienc develop imag scratch addit sb oper channel oppos channel hmg permit provid coordint complementari program schedul coordin target viewer target group parti stress sb announc sb channel annual programm budget fl million parti conclud sb major player market achiev market share appear programm budget fl million full commerci channel netherland small busi plan hmg programm budget veronica channel fl parti argu import sharehold sb compani abc viacom sb reli financi programm resourc compani note viacom direct stake option acquir sb small compani compar instanc clt group contrast clt strateg interest support number broadcast netherland question media compani abc hold stake sb equival strateg interest support small dutch channel establish foothold netherland note abc film right true sb conclud agreement paramount pictur subsidiari viacom sb access paramount librari sb capit opportun year parti argu sb obtain prefer access film right walt disnei corpor propos acquisit capit citi abc walt disnei note clt recent enter joint ventur walt disnei oper german tv channel super rtl appear oper form part broader cooper clt disnei develop jointli disnei channel european countri addit note abc stake german tv channel rtl clt sharehold gener term requir dutch law commerci channel access cabl network cover household provinc time major hurdl commerci channel tv audienc requir sb face strong negoti posit cabl compani order attain threshold attain broad coverag dutch tv audienc contrast veronica obtain full access dutch cabl system result pre exist presenc netherland public broadcast popular tv viewer requir coverag dutch cabl network abandon futur practic necess cover signific amount household connect cabl network order enter dutch tv market terrestri frequenc netherland reserv public broadcast satellit household netherland due broad coverag cabl network fed cabl network control network capac network event confer strong negoti posit dutch cabl oper vi vi newcom constitut major hurdl situat aggrav fact accord propos amend current media law cabl oper oper tv channel offer packag tv channel lead negoti advantag cabl oper final sb vulner possibl hmg rtl fight channel competitor market fact sb state hear programm schedul rtl recent announc exact copi schedul put advertis earlier sb result sb forc chang schedul attempt distinguish hmg fear chang reduc possibl sb retain audienc even whilst success entri dutch market event difficult chanc sb attain signific posit dutch tv market render difficult result creation hmg vi channel small dutch languag channel oper netherland special interest channel kindernet children eurosport sport programm region local station channel achiev signific market share date addit dutch compani arcad recent launch channel music factori tv gold music channel event channel attain market share detriment pan european music channel mtv fed dutch tv cabl network tv gold princip run channel broadcast exist product tv seri abovement channel limit respect scope programm attempt channel extend scope program signific extent face strong posit hmg channel exist hmg serv discourag dissuad attempt respect public broadcast associ note opportun veronica commerci channel appli begin year licenc public broadcast year period commerci channel side public broadcast vii conclus abovement reason hmg achiev strong posit tv broadcast market netherland order give hmg channel higher market share public channel collect event market posit place hmg public channel level determin precis audienc share competit assess case prime signific audienc share import paramet determin market power tv advertis market explain commiss view hmg obtain domin posit tv advertis market situat impact hmg tv advertis market structur creation hmg market share public broadcast group netherland rtl note rtl equal share tv advertis market audienc share significantli lower public broadcast fact rtl rtl enjoi bonu factor channel broadcast directli netherland market exclud repres audienc share audienc share rtl rtl lead bonu factor tv advertis market market share bonu factor explain inter alia restrict impos public channel dutch media law amount advertis broadcast limit total broadcast time public broadcast permit interrupt programm advertis contrast rtl commerci broadcast limit rule incorpor televis broadcast direct limit advertis maximum total broadcast time importantli permit commerci break limit practic possibl commerci break confer consider commerci advantag rtl commerci broadcast veronica enjoi advantag vi vi public broadcast gener rtl channel enjoi past hmg channel enjoi futur competit advantag tv advertis market vi vi public broadcast whilst rtl hmg provid channel specif profil cover specif target group difficult public broadcast develop profil channel public broadcast organ requir share channel broadcast fact dai dai gener orient public broadcast organ difficult imposs public channel creat coher program schedul develop perman ident profil addit constraint public broadcast result public mission organiz structur render difficult provid programm environ perman basi attract advertis industri respect public mission note programm relat cultur includ minimum art inform educ note licenc fee advertis revenu obtain ster transfer dutch state outlin no subsequ receiv market share revenu basi budget approv dutch govern major broadcast organ receiv equal share revenu licenc fee advertis incom obviou system remov incent public broadcast provid programm view maxim advertis revenu ii situat creation hmg busi plan parti expect attain market share dutch tv advertis market term spot revenu increas parti argu figur reassess competit potenti sb stronger consid case begin year parti market share hmg event sb attain market share bonu factor attribut parti hmg outlin probabl channel hmg attain audienc share audienc share total market result market share foreign station exclud base bonu factor rtl rtl past lead share tv advertis market base bonu factor hmg channel attain tv advertis market commiss order econometr studi carri consult compani experienc dutch media market copi studi parti studi base econom market model make basic paramet relev develop tv advertis market netherland posit player market model calcul market share tv advertis market base altern assumpt futur audienc structur broadcast netherland scenario take assumpt correct figur take account market share sb assumpt market share assumpt audienc market share gt tabl gt basi assumpt share tv advertis revenu share tv advertis revenu gt tabl gt scenario similar sb obtain market share audienc market share assumpt assumpt audienc market share gt tabl gt basi assumpt market share tv advertis market share tv advertis revenu gt tabl gt scenario base assumpt hmg channel collect attain higher audienc share public broadcast seri scenario base assumpt hmg channel attain audienc market share equival public broadcast basi audienc share public broadcast hmg market share sb model calcul market share tv advertis market share advertis revenu gt tabl gt basi audienc share public broadcast hmg market share sb model calcul market share tv advertis market share tv advertis revenu gt tabl gt scenario market share hmg tv advertis market scenario level abovement expect parti bonu factor hmg result econometr model highli market share hmg tv advertis market indic market share figur significantli higher time import paramet futur develop hmg posit tv advertis market improv audienc rate audienc share flexibl offer suitabl slot hmg channel includ commerci break possibl offer packag deal advertis sponsor note paramet fulli account studi refer strateg advantag hmg combin channel outlin preferenti access popular endemol product expect hmg share viewer market audienc rate increas time true hmg acquir right import sport event right dutch soccer leagu parti argu advertis revenu gener sport programm frequent cover cost right broadcast sport programm major featur profil channel reason commerci perspect hmg oper channel good opportun maxim right broadcast advertis term possibl make commerci break gener confer major advantag commerci broadcast advantag strengthen commerci broadcast oper channel fulli coordin hmg maxim possibl offer suitabl lot advertis industri offer slot specif target group channel complementari manner gener hmg offer packag deal advertis normal practic grant rebat basi total advertis time purchas hmg commerci term link advertis channel advertis channel achiev devis tariff structur effect make packag compel advertis achiev offer hidden discount advertis offer amount free advertis time channel perform principl ster offer packag deal public channel act sale organ public broadcast packag deal offer hmg commerci attract offer ster structur public broadcast system difficult develop specif profil public channel cover specif target group import factor tv advertis sponsor note market share tv advertis market outlin relat spot advertis includ kind spot advertis spot advertis includ bill board indic programm support brand script advertis present specif product brand talk show programm brand present brand product gain prize game show chariti programm promot charit organ lotteri sponsor advertis consum advic programm sponsor bank health organ product placement promot specif brand drama product draw attent viewer brand programm estim type sponsor account tv advertis market netherland restrict impos public broadcast respect sponsor spot advertis netherland larg carri rtl rtl hmg channel retain posit futur obviou deal sponsor link sale spot advertis posit hmg sponsor segment advertis market turn strengthen posit spot advertis market iii posit advertis parti argu tv advertis market gener buyer market advertis purchas advertis time ster repres public broadcast ipn repres rtl rtl switch easili parti high level competit dutch tv advertis market evidenc fact averag decreas price correct account inflat line argument overlook fact competit situat date radic chang result creation hmg unlik situat past rtl oper channel target main channel rtl primarili older famili housew hmg ad veronica channel target young famili male orient cover main target group interest advertis expect audienc share hmg competit advantag tv advertis market extrem difficult advertis avoid bui advertis time hmg channel advertis depend ipn imposs advertis plai ster ipn avoid situat hmg set price true averag price price decreas year refer year due fact sharp price decreas rtl entri market contrast comparison price made refer year develop price show increas real price correct inflat statist vea associ advertis agenc price develop term price thousand contact gt tabl gt tabl vea account develop special rebat grant advertis offici data vea estim due increas rebat index mean signific increas real price period consider lead index includ rebat entranc rtl market open competit led short term substanti decreas price time rtl establish market develop advertis price gener inflat rate price increas high prime time view hour doubt past market competit argu parti event price develop outlin indic buyer market parti argu tv advertis market time isol advertis shift part advertis budget time tv advertis print media vice versa true brand proport tv advertis media mix advertis campaign increas decreas time number advertis part total advertis tv proport due advertis strategi reaction price evidenc fact signific continu growth tv advertis market price increas inflat advertis magazin newspap tv advertis year index magazin newspap iv potenti entrant parti argu dutch tv advertis market experi substanti growth futur attract entranc newcom gener expect market averag annual growth rate appear realist growth necessarili result increas tv advertis time sold figur includ increas price due gener inflat past price increas real term appear averag annual growth rate tv advertis revenu year leav limit scope newcom busi plan parti show increas expect spot advertis revenu mean averag annual growth high market share parti averag annual growth tv advertis revenu hmg expect gener growth market lead situat largest part growth tv advertis market captur hmg expect broadcast activ dutch tv advertis market retain market share low level expect compar high futur growth dutch tv advertis market signific room market entrant strength hmg outlin constitut major obstacl entrant difficult newcom build programm schedul dutch market attract advertis main target cover hmg newcom face power combin hmg channel possibl react immedi entrant inter alia rtl fight channel exist hmg dissuas market entri potenti newcom conclus reason outlin hmg clear market leader dutch tv advertis market market posit high player market posit counteract activ attempt compet exist player render entranc newcom market difficult context note number media bui agenc advertis whilst gener welcom veronica decis commerci broadcast express concern combin rtl channel veronica hmg basi analysi commiss reach conclus creation hmg lead domin posit dutch tv advertis market market dutch independ tv product situat creation hmg dutch languag tv product carri independ produc hous product dutch broadcast whilst rtl rtl limit hous product public broadcast produc signific proport programm true no term hour broadcast hous product base breakdown programm broadcast march novemb respect public broadcast programm produc independ produc rang term hour broadcast vpro veronica tro figur relat total number hour broadcast includ programm purchas abroad figur base hour programm product question veronica tro highest proport independ product half third independ product account entertain show expens share independ tv product significantli higher term volum context note hous product public broadcast frequent limit short life product new low budget game show talk show broadcast time constitut real asset contrast big entertain drama seri produc independ produc exploit number occas constitut asset hous product public broadcast essenti purpos product offer intern market offer boradcast dutch tv market direct competit hous product programm produc independ produc offer market parti argu hous product includ gener market dutch tv product broadcast make make bui decis regard product fact case public broadcast signific amount hous product undergon consider invest product facil engag personnel product import cost factor fact outlin high number employe public broadcast compar commerci broadcast due consider extent personnel emploi hous product circumst public broadcast free choic decid produc programm commiss independ produc public broadcast increas order independ produc signific extent detriment hous product broadcast pai high overhead personnel cost hous product facil obtain adequ return cost term programm produc polici feasibl commerci term long run market limit independ tv product includ programm captiv appear term hous product larg gear categori programm new inform cultur youth documentari sport type entertain segment experi gain public broadcast mean reli independ produc public broadcast gener recogn produc larg scale entertain programm provid endemol problemat switch kind entertain hous product structur hous product public produc provid signific countervail power posit enjoi endemol market independ product market independ tv produc netherland structur big produc endemol small signific produc larg number small produc employe base programm produc market share structur gt tabl gt market structur show endemol overwhelm posit market fact compani endemol result merger previous largest dutch produc je entertain bv john de mol commun bv place parti argu calcul market share base volum hour produc programm approach give complet mislead descript player market investig commiss tv product rang hour fl cheap documentari fl expens drama entertain programm circumst calcul market share base volum addit extrem high market share compar competitor endemol possess number strength confer market posit competitor endemol own larg number popular dutch format due size huge resourc compar independ produc preferenti access foreign format adapt dutch audienc year programm produc je entertain bv john de mol base foreign format directli licens compani parti argu number format broadcast programm produc endemol period base foreign format own directli endemol endemol high number popular dutch tv person contract exclus basi endemol exclus contract tv person lost star recent year endemol dutch produc possibl offer tv star media opportun theatr show activit form entertain theatr tour final endemol agenc star facil endemol build star bind compani manner dutch produc parti contest endemol success format preferenti access foreign format contest success star contract investig carri commiss point rais strong concern larg number independ produc public commerci broadcast confirm conclus reach commiss outlin base resourc outlin endemol produc popular entertain programm netherland season sport programm highest audienc rate produc endemol endemol programm broadcast prime time provid major contribut success rtl veronica contribut appreci determin profil channel endemol larg activ netherland intern product amount fl annum compar fl dutch product intern activ improv posit endemol respect foreign format provid futher resourc busi turn strengthen posit dutch product market endemol competitor netherland compar intern activ abovement reason conclud endemol domin posit market dutch languag independ tv product netherland ii effect creation hmg endemol parent compani hmg obtain creation joint ventur structur link futur lead broadcast netherland true endemol creation hmg main programm supplier rtl rtl veronica contrast past endemol due particip hmg larg sale basi product safe attack competitor illustr guarante grant endemol product agreement conclud hmg endemol refer agreement hmg guarante purchas dutch languag programm requir endemol mean guarante fl product suppli endemol demonstr strateg import endemol link hmg abovement amount minimum suppli endemol hmg guarante parent compani endemol influenc hmg obtain order hmg produc netherland similar possibl safe sale basi product influenc programm acquisit broadcast parti argu endemol relev influenc hmg view endemol joint control hmg outlin commiss reach conclus hmg jointli control rtl hand veronica endemol vmg hand absenc joint control structur link hmg endemol posit influenc gener program programm acquisit polici hmg manner strengthen endemol current posit market independ product econom term vmg vehicl pool particip veronica endemol hmg amount hmg rtl hand vmg hand equal repres sharehold meet major strateg decis relat commerci behaviour hmg particip endemol hmg amount particip compani activ downstream market strateg particip financi case particip combin substanti represent sharehold decis make bodi compani sharehold obtain inform strateg decis involv discuss decis make procedur influenc decis relat upstream market activ gener evalu valid present case suppli relationship rtl veronica obtain major programm endemol past parti state suppli relationship major factor determin imag channel rtl rtl veronica suppli relationship major factor futur success hmg factual background unrealist assum particip endemol hmg mere financi particip confer relev influenc endemol situat result creation hmg strengthen significantli endemol power posit dutch product market endemol foreclos access produc hmg largest broadcast netherland addit programm need veronica dai channel parti stress point endemol product determin appreci extent imag rtl rtl veronica respect product suppli broadcast endemol creation hmg successfulli counteract competit independ product larg guarante sale basi true respect access attract format exclus relationship popular star parti argu futur increas demand dutch languag product addit programm need veronica commerci channel public broadcast order fill gap creat veronica departur sb entrant note largest part addit demand dutch product eman veronica requir addit program half dai broadcast contrast public broadcast fill gap half dai broadcast result veronica departur public system context doubt addit programm order public broadcast compar programm order veronica loss advertis revenu public broadcast result creation hmg respect sb note veronica programm budget outlin time sb largest part addit programm account veronica captur endemol respect remain addit programm endemol explain posit competitor sale basi hmg influenc programm slot hmg channel expect endemol success enter programm segment present date signific degre documentari neg consequ possibilit small dutch tv produc carri busi iii conclus abovement reason commiss reach conclus result establish hmg domin posit endemol independ dutch tv product market strengthen iv articl parti argu articl question concentr affect trade member state extent concentr affect trade member state view parti impact concentr dutch tv broadcast advertis market dutch product market suffici effect trade member state empow commiss act hmg line argument put forward parti clear parti opinion commiss interven articl respect effect trade member state examin articl limit aspect market territori member state made request circumst purpos articl meaningless contrari interpret articl pursuant commiss measur strictli maintain restor effect competit territori member state altern parti opinion specif test effect trade member state normal test articl case natur test clear fact articl concentr question effect trade member state indic effect higher degre competit rule ec law argument put forward parti make sens understood commiss base neg decis articl domin posit specif product geograph market concentr effect trade member state respect market effect market concern oper left open interpret articl correct strengthen endemol domin posit market independ dutch tv product direct effect trade member state market consider outlin interlink impact concentr product market condit competit market parti state endemol particip hmg improv market posit tv product netherland context note concentr increas capac endemol purchas foreign format preferenti access biggest commerci broadcast netherland parti argu procedur articl commiss empow declar concentr incompat common market examin measur suffici restor competit view parti provis articl mention opinion base misunderstand purpos function articl articl commiss entitl adopt decis provid articl subparagraph absenc suffici commit mean articl parti commiss adopt neg decis articl commiss adopt decis articl order restor condit effect competit concentr complet situat articl limit measur articl strictli maintain restor effect competit territori member state question event concentr complet articl ensur neg decis commiss limit domin posit creat reinforc member state made request order maintain effect competit member state argument parti parti argu hmg current structur order competit vi vi multin player tv market respect particip futur multimedia market context note clt larg multin media group difficult parti strong posit dutch tv market detriment dutch broadcast respect futur multi media market futur digit tv note hmg time gear activ current analogu tv environ event parti activ futur digit tv difficult combin lead channel domin produc appear combin strength parti hmg major player futur digit tv counterproduct develop digit tv netherland vii undertak propos parti parti submit propos undertak order remov doubt rais compat concentr common market essenti featur propos propos relat rtl suffici avoid creation domin posit hmg tv advertis market basi parti propos hmg retain substanti influenc rtl expect rtl activ compet hmg channel propos parti relat rtl consid adequ measur establish rtl viabl independ competitor risk divestitur rtl prove feasibl basi potenti purchas ultim found divestitur complet evalu fulli stage divestitur suffici reduc market posit hmg level domin competit potenti rtl depend manner channel run pend sale parti context note respect undertak relat endemol question undertak remov competit problem dutch tv product market final decid undertak relat rtl suffici resolv competit problem tv advertis market concentr author basi propos made parti viii ancillari restraint commiss view product agreement conclud hmg endemol consid ancillari restraint mean articl subparagraph merger regul guarante endemol suppli hmg dutch languag product set agreement restrict implement concentr ix conclus reason outlin commiss reach conclus concentr lead creation domin posit tv advertis market netherland strengthen domin posit endemol market independ dutch languag tv product netherland effect competit netherland significantli hinder concentr declar incompatib common market accord articl conjunct articl merger regul concentr present case complet hmg creat asset transfer hmg broadcast framework hmg begun septemb commiss decid includ measur applic articl decis articl commiss adopt separ decis articl order restor effect competit abovement market decis commiss invit parti propos measur period month notif decis order restor effect competit market tv advertis independ dutch tv product netherland adopt decis articl concentr form creation joint ventur holland media groep declar incompat common market commiss invit parti propos measur period month notif decis order restor effect competit market tv advertis independ dutch tv product netherland articl decis address compagni luxembourgeois de télédiffus sa clt boulevard pierr frieden luxembourg nv verenigd bezit vnu vnu ceylonpoort nl aa haarlem rtl sa villa louvigni allé marconi luxembourg po box luxembourg veronica omroeporganisati voo bv laapersveld nl vb hilversum endemol entertain hold zevenend nl rl laren brussel septemb commiss karel van miert member commiss true no member european broadcast union ebu preferenti access sport event includ dutch soccer leagu studi attribut sb arcad explain market share gain arcad detriment mtv includ market share domest channel assumpt audienc share scenario base realist true theoret scenario calcul model studi