commiss decis decemb relat proceed articl eec treati iv ansac english text authent eec commiss european commun regard treati establish european econom commun regard council regul februari regul implement articl treati amend act access spain portug articl thereof regard applic notif submit american natur soda ash corpor ansac behalf member decemb view obtain neg clearanc exempt respect arrang sell produc soda ash eec regard commiss decis juli initi proceed ansac member compani opportun make view object rais commiss pursuant articl regul commiss regul eec juli hear provid articl council regul consult advisori committe restrict practic domin posit fact introduct decis concern applic articl eec treati arrang notifi ansac sell commun natur dens soda ash produc unit state member compani ansac request neg clearanc altern exempt articl treati parti ansac webb pomeren associ corpor set accord provis unit state export trade act commonli call webb pomeren act purpos act exclud applic sherman act unit state associ engag sole export trade activ restrain trade unit state ansac membership agreement relat sole export sale defin sale soda ash produc unit state territori export countri canada sale made unit state foreign aid procur programm eec market exclud notif pend outcom ansac implement agreement respect market ansac current form date membership agreement adopt decemb year soda ash export associ ansac member unit state produc natur soda ash fmc wyom corpor fmc gener chemic soda ash partner alli corpor gener chemic kerr mcgee chemic corpor kmg stauffer chemic compani divis rhône poulenc unit state affili rhône poulenc group stauffer tenneco miner compani tenneco tg soda ash wholli own subsidiari elf aquitain unit state affili elf aquitain group texa gulf product soda ash sodium carbon na white powder princip raw materi glassmak account approxim manufactur cost make deterg paper metallurgi produc distinct process europ soda ash produc brine limeston synthet process develop solvai centuri solvai patent process long expir unit state soda ash natur origin produc refin trona or mixtur sodium carbon sodium bicarbon found princip green river basin wyom colorado utah natur soda ash offer number advantag synthet product product energi labour intens cheaper produc purer ppm chlorid ppm synthet soda ash remov residu chlorid glass manufactur expens remov environment pollut soda ash exist densiti light cm dens cm form produc process dens soda ash prefer glassmak form market ansac market world soda ash capac world soda ash capac natur synthet million tonn nomin annum eec account million tonn soda ash consumpt eec million tonn year worth ecu million unit state natur ash produc total nomin capac million tonn year domest market demand million tonn suppli home market export balanc product cost product natur ash lower synthet product mine locat princip market distribut cost correspondingli high eec eec produc tend concentr end user sale member state possess product facil solvai market leader total market sale member state unit kingdom ireland eec produc approxim share ici rhône poulenc akzo chemisch fabrik kalk matth amp weber ici sell exclus unit kingdom ireland market soda ash produc eec manufactur flat hollow contain glass glass industri recent year subject europ wide consolid larg manufactur oper pan european basi manufactur member state unit state unit state market develop natur ash mine shown substanti excess capac domest demand surplu million tonn annual export suppli presenc number produc similar cost unit state domest market character strong price competit product recent year sold substanti discount list price short ton fob wyom work price end short ton list price rais produc short ton effect juli effect price pressur export led unit state produc attempt penetr european market european manufactur view major competit threat home market current exchang rate unit state produc sell eec price substanti local list price dump natur soda ash began eec late princip unit kingdom unit state import eec amount tonn tonn unit kingdom european industri successfulli appli anti dump protect import recent measur grant anti dump protect unit state dens ash involv produc market alli gener chemic texa gulf minimum price undertak tonn store produc market tenneco kmg fmc stauffer definit anti dump duti ecu tonn price undertak accept commiss provid convers currenc exchang rate prevail pariti meant undertak price germani franc market substanti market price sale unit kingdom longer commerci feasibl undertak texa gulf suffer loss volum withdrew unit kingdom leav gener chemic market sale tonn year texa gulf sold tonnag belgium case import made free anti dump duti process regim number larg eec custom glass sector intent place substanti percentag busi unit state produc total tonn unit state soda ash suppli continent western europ cwe process rule anti dump measur provid council regul expir novemb review measur request unit state produc repres eec glassmak industri septemb review termin imposit protect measur commiss decis eec commiss parallel decis adopt decis find european soda ash produc infring articl eec treati ansac agreement membership agreement decemb member agre export sale subsidiari made ansac except sale deliveri compani member own share ansac board director empow ensur member receiv fair share total tonnag ship determin price polici exclud sale territori ansac procedur member respons provid minimum share estim export ansac autonom manag absolut author decid ship price board resolut ansac begin oper eec gener chemic alloc present unit kingdom tonnag addit entitl ansac rule intent ansac outlin notif enter eec market supplier glass manufactur unwil jeopard relat main supplier ansac submiss ansac maintain rigid eec soda ash market entrant creat genuin competit ansac repres unit state natur soda ash industri econom power achiev signific share market ansac member gener chemic texa gulf set distribut facil unit kingdom texa gulf oblig withdraw gener chemic maintain presenc request larg custom prepar pai higher price altern sourc suppli ansac claim articl appli aim propos market entri pro competit judgment court justic metro remia exampl wider principl end good mean limit regard restrict restrict arrang contain ancillari ansac pro competit aim ansac cartel dedic sale organ staff member articl found appli ansac argu exempt articl justifi natur soda ash lower chlorid environment superior contribut improv product good promot technic progress economi scale achiev ansac view high overhead cost involv set distribut facil eec lead improv distribut good ansac help chang oligopolist structur eec market promot econom progress consum benefit avoid duplic cost incur ansac member compani decid enter market separ lower price ansac offer exist credibl competit sourc suppli environment superior natur soda ash improv secur offer ansac member compani act separ restrict indispens enabl parti elimin competit respect substanti part soda ash market ansac competit eec market achiev allow unit state produc combin oral hear ansac presid demonstr calcul back price exwarehous tonn ansac show higher cif individu unit state produc higher price work give ansac safeti margin tonn anti dump purpos econom expert call ansac sought show refer theoret model ansac entri lead decreas soda ash price glass industri made clear model base assumpt ansac enter market sale compar lead commun produc expert undertaken market research ansac state initi market share entrant order tonn repres glass industri state wish reliabl sourc suppli limit storag facil glasswork made regular deliveri essenti unit state natur soda ash puriti offer consider advantag altern sourc made clear industri prefer ansac supplier includ member compani provid price qualiti secur suppli guarante hear number submiss made commiss ansac behalf argu exempt limit period year ansac demonstr behaviour market benefici effect competit claim end commiss anti dump review find injuri creat situat ansac member act individu market unit state soda ash eec run risk find dump injuri commiss economi scale ansac show higher nomin work price member sell individu ii legal assess articl ansac membership agreement agreement undertak kind envisag articl decis resolut made ansac board director agreement decis associ undertak mean articl agreement object effect restrict competit common market respect price quantiti agreement oblig member sell soda ash export exclus ansac prevent sell individu except sale deliveri compani size unit state produc low product cost compens larg higher transport cost fact sold regularli individu basi show compet effect european produc past sale activ show initi capabl overcom storag transport problem assur regular suppli custom capabl act independ common market object effect ansac arrang custom confront singl supplier natur soda ash appli uniform price condit ansac member entitl fair share sale alloc fact member gener chemic alloc addit tonnag equival current annual deliveri unit kingdom demonstr ansac bound respect contractu right member assur coordin commiss accept argument ansac enjoi autonom structur organ exclud anticompetit cooper fact ansac set separ corpor order function singl sell agent unit state produc coordin activ member relev assess articl ansac joint sale organ vehicl elimin competit member commiss accept argument restrict need strong credibl entrant open structur market eec follow limit success attempt enter market gener chemic tg soda ash ansac propos fall scope articl achiev increas competit commiss found floral parti case fail demonstr collabor arrang woodpulp commiss found member pulp paper paperboard export associ kea ansac webb pomeren associ refrain pursu independ price polici eec restrict competit ansac propos role present case activ kea woodpulp ansac state expect gain limit share market tonn amount import competit structur market sourc suppli easili suppli member ansac enter eec soda ash market term set notif oper market trade commun necessarili conduct term prevail ansac member enter market individu notifi arrang liabl affect trade member state articl notifi arrang contribut improv product promot technic progress commiss disput environment argument favour natur synthet soda ash argument bear market product ansac propos concern ansac environment argument case presuppos vehicl natur soda ash reach commun ansac grant exempt individu unit state produc produc market product eec shown recit commiss accept case ansac document show current market plan limit suppli small percentag total demand ansac fail demonstr propos lead improv distribut soda ash promot econom progress common market exempt articl restrict bring object improv situat exist absenc commiss accept ansac content entri enhanc competit lead improv present rigidli oligopolist market structur ansac grant exempt articl possibl competit member compani oblig grant exclus sale right eec natur soda ash produc ansac control restrict amount unit state natur soda ash produc import sold commun determin price sold unit state produc act independ compet improv competit eec soda ash market gener larg undertak suffici trade experi resourc provid custom reliabl sourc suppli end anti dump review imposit protect measur mean free enter eec market concentr suppli natur soda ash import unit state hand singl sale agenc facilit opportun collus exist supplier express collus price ansac current intent limit sale commun level tonn effect accept role perman secondari supplier ansac level busi market price follow clear present oral hear econom expert call ansac ansac agreement foreclos import element competit number major eec glass produc express interest bui soda ash directli produc unit state plan imposs ansac membership agreement specif prohibit direct sale export member notifi arrang indispens offer consum advantag achiev restrict mean commiss accept argument mean rigid eec market reduc permit unit state produc combin ansac collus price market arrang eec produc competit set price market level competitor arrang theori enter easili underpr collus price princip obstacl entri american natur ash eec anti dump measur remov exclusionari rebat system oper solvai ici subject prohibit decis decemb advantag ansac entri offer consum flow economi scale achiev ship store soda ash larger quantiti ansac member act individu ansac intend economi scale pass consum form lower price forecast produc oral hear show intend charg slightli higher price eec believ achiev individu unit state produc ansac main benefit flow cost save form joint ship storag facil possibl futur anti dump proceed show higher notion mine price case individu produc consider relev articl case joint sell arrang achiev economi scale pass consum commiss ansac numer occas present proceed prepar accord provis notic agreement decis concert practic field cooper enterpris give favour consider arrang limit joint storag transport facil claim cost save main rational ansac member prepar limit cooper measur remedi articl regul commiss find infring articl requir undertak concern bring infring end accord articl regul ansac membership agreement relat arrang notifi ansac put effect eec amount infring requir decis implement adopt decis articl ansac membership agreement relat arrang notifi commiss american natur soda ash corpor decemb constitut infring articl eec treati relat market eec articl exempt articl treati refus articl american natur soda ash corpor member compani requir refrain implement notifi arrang eec articl decis address american natur soda ash corpor wright street westport ct unit state america fmc wyom corpor market street philadelphia pa unit state america gener chemic soda ash partner po box parsippani nj unit state america kerr mcgee chemic corpor po box oklahoma citi unit state america stauffer chemic compani corpor drive shelton ct unit state america tenneco miner compani po box lakewood unit state america tg soda ash po box raleigh nc unit state america brussel decemb commiss leon brittan vice presid oj oj commiss regul eec juli oj council regul eec novemb oj publish version decis inform hereinaft omit pursuant provis articl regul disclosur busi secret council regul eec juli oj oj page offici journal case ecr case ecr oj oj oj point ii