regul ec european parliament council april protect subsidis unfair price practic caus injuri commun air carrier suppli air servic countri member european commun european parliament council european union regard treati establish european commun articl thereof regard propos commiss regard opinion european econom social committe act accord procedur laid articl treati competit posit commun air carrier provid air servic commun advers affect unfair discriminatori practic commun air carrier provid air servic unfair discriminatori practic result subsidis form aid grant govern region bodi public organis countri member commun price practic commun air carrier benefit commerci advantag defin redress measur unfair practic commun strict rule grant state aid air carrier commun air carrier competit disadvantag suffer injuri instrument offer protect commun air carrier subsidis receiv benefit govern regul intend replac air servic agreement countri deal effect practic cover regul legal instrument exist member state level enabl satisfactori respons made reason period time instrument preced regul period commun action redress unfair practic result subsidi grant govern countri member commun commun address unfair price practic determin subsidi deem exist principl countervail subsidi target enterpris sector conting air servic suppli countri determin exist subsidi demonstr financi contribut govern region bodi public organis transfer fund debt kind repres govern revenu due foregon collect benefit confer recipi enterpris determin unfair price practic deem exist examin price practic countri air carrier restrict limit number case air carrier benefit commerci advantag identifi subsidi made clear unfair price practic deem exist case practic distinguish normal competit price practic commiss develop detail methodolog determin exist unfair price practic desir lai clear detail guidanc factor relev determin subsidis unfairli price air servic provid commun air carrier caus injuri threaten injuri order demonstr price practic relat suppli air servic injuri commun industri attent effect factor consider relev factor econom indic bear state industri prevail market condit commun essenti defin term quot commun air carrier quot quot commun industri quot quot air servic quot lodg complaint inform complaint complaint reject insuffici evid injuri proce desir lai procedur investig unfair practic commun carrier procedur limit time lai manner interest parti notic inform author requir interest parti ampl opportun present relev evid defend interest set rule procedur investig rule interest parti make present view submit inform time limit view inform account whilst respect commerci confidenti interest parti access inform pertain investig relev present case provid parti cooper satisfactorili inform establish find inform favour parti cooper lai condit provision measur impos measur case impos commiss month period investig proceed termin impos measur amount subsidis degre unfair price injuri neglig proceed termin termin decis accompani statement reason therefor measur amount countervail subsidi degre unfair price lesser amount remov injuri provid level measur exce subsidi commerci advantag grant case sum injuri caus lower provid measur remain forc long counteract subsidi unfair price practic caus injuri prefer duti imposit measur duti prove measur consid procedur accept undertak elimin offset countervail subsidi unfair price practic injuri caus lieu imposit provision definit measur lai consequ breach withdraw undertak provid review measur impos case suffici evid submit chang circumst measur implement regul adopt accord council decis ec june lai procedur exercis implement power confer commiss form level measur enforc set detail regul impos measur ensur measur virtu regul full accord commun interest assess commun interest involv identif compel reason lead clear conclus take measur interest commun compel reason includ case disadvantag consum interest parti disproportion advantag commun industri imposit measur object regul protect subsidis unfair price practic caus injuri commun air carrier suppli air servic countri member european commun suffici achiev member state achiev commun level commun adopt measur accord principl subsidiar set articl treati accord principl proportion set articl regul order achiev object adopt regul articl object regul lai procedur provid protect subsidis unfair price practic suppli air servic countri member european commun injuri caus commun industri regul preclud prior applic special provis air servic agreement member state countri member european commun regul preclud applic special provis agreement commun countri member european commun articl principl redress measur impos purpos offset subsidi grant directli indirectli commun air carrier unfair price practic commun air carrier suppli air servic rout commun injuri commun industri articl definit purpos regul quot injuri quot materi injuri commun industri threat materi injuri commun industri determin accord articl quot commun industri quot commun air carrier suppli air servic collect share constitut major proport total commun suppli servic quot commun air carrier quot air carrier valid oper licenc grant member state accord council regul eec juli licens air carrier quot air servic quot air servic suppli rout rout air servic consider air servic suppli rout rout close resembl rout rout air servic consider suppli articl subsidis subsidi deem exist financi contribut govern region bodi public organis countri member european commun practic govern region bodi public organis involv direct transfer fund grant loan equiti infus potenti direct transfer fund compani assumpt liabil compani loan guarante ii revenu govern region bodi public organis due foregon collect iii govern region bodi public organis good servic gener infrastructur purchas good servic iv govern region bodi public organis make payment fund mechan entrust direct privat bodi carri type function illustr ii iii vest govern practic real sens differ practic govern benefit confer subsidi subject redress measur subsidi limit law fact enterpris industri group enterpris industri jurisdict grant author articl unfair price practic unfair price practic deem exist air servic commun commun air carrier benefit commerci advantag charg air fare suffici offer compet commun air carrier injuri practic distinguish normal competit price practic compar airfar account element actual price ticket offer sale number seat propos allegedli unfair price total number seat aircraft restrict condit attach ticket sold allegedli unfair price level servic propos carrier provid air servic question actual cost commun carrier provid servic reason margin profit situat term point compar rout act accord procedur refer articl commiss develop detail methodolog determin exist unfair price practic methodolog cover inter alia manner normal competit price actual cost reason profit margin assess specif context aviat sector articl determin injuri determin injuri base posit evid involv object examin level fare air servic consider effect air servic fare offer commun air carrier impact air servic commun industri trend number econom indic number flight utilis capac passeng book market share profit return capit invest employ factor necessarili give decis guidanc demonstr posit evid present relat paragraph air servic consider caus injuri mean regul factor air servic consider injur commun industri time examin ensur injuri caus factor attribut air servic consider determin threat injuri base fact alleg conjectur remot possibl chang circumst creat situat subsidi injuri forese immin articl initi proceed investig regul initi lodg written complaint behalf commun industri natur legal person associ commiss initi suffici evid exist countervail subsidi includ amount unfair price practic mean regul injuri causal link allegedli subsidis unfairli price air servic alleg injuri appar suffici evid initi proceed commiss act accord procedur refer articl initi proceed dai lodg complaint publish notic offici journal european union issu question discuss framework bilater agreement member state concern dai deadlin request member state extend dai addit extens deadlin decid commiss act accord procedur refer articl insuffici evid present commiss act accord procedur refer articl inform complain dai date complaint lodg notic initi proceed announc initi investig scope investig air servic rout concern countri govern allegedli grant subsidi licens air carrier allegedli engag unfair price practic period interest parti make present view write submit inform view account investig notic state period interest parti appli heard commiss commiss inform air carrier suppli air servic consider govern concern complain initi proceed commiss time invit countri govern concern part consult aim clarifi situat matter refer paragraph arriv mutual agre solut commiss associ consult member state concern case consult underwai member state countri govern concern commiss liais member state advanc articl investig initi proceed commiss commenc investig cover subsidis unfair price practic air servic suppli commun carrier rout injuri investig carri expediti conclud month initi proceed circumst prolong negoti countri govern concern progress point satisfactori resolut complaint appear immin addit time need order achiev resolut commun interest interest parti made accord time limit set notic initi heard made request hear show interest parti affect result proceed reason heard case interest parti refus access provid inform time limit significantli imped investig provision final find affirm neg made basi fact found interest parti suppli fals mislead inform inform disregard made fact articl redress measur redress measur provision definit prefer form duti impos commun carrier concern articl provision measur provision measur impos provision affirm determin made commun carrier concern benefit subsidi engag unfair price practic caus injuri commun industri commun interest call intervent prevent injuri provision measur accord procedur refer articl measur impos maximum month articl termin measur complaint withdrawn satisfactori remedi obtain member state air servic agreement countri concern proceed termin commiss termin commun interest redress measur unnecessari proceed termin accord procedur refer articl decis termin proceed accompani statement reason therefor articl definit measur fact final establish show exist subsidi unfair price practic injuri caus commun interest call intervent accord articl definit measur impos accord procedur refer articl level measur impos offset subsidi exce amount subsidi calcul term benefit confer recipi enterpris commun carrier found benefit total amount subsidi lesser level adequ remov injuri commun industri level measur impos offset unfair price practic benefit commerci advantag exce differ fare charg commun air carrier concern air fare offer compet commun air carrier concern lesser level adequ remov injuri commun industri event level measur exce commerci advantag grant commun air carrier measur impos amount case discriminatori basi air servic suppli commun air carrier found benefit subsidi engag unfair price practic respect rout air servic suppli commun air carrier undertak term regul accept measur remain forc long extent offset subsidi unfair price practic caus injuri articl undertak investig termin imposit provision definit measur receipt satisfactori voluntari undertak govern grant subsidi commerci advantag agre elimin limit subsidi commerci advantag measur effect commun air carrier undertak revis price ceas suppli air servic rout question injuri effect subsidi commerci advantag elimin undertak accept accord procedur refer articl case breach withdraw undertak parti definit measur impos accord articl basi fact establish context investig led undertak provid investig conclud final determin subsidis commun air carrier concern govern grant subsidi opportun comment case withdraw undertak commun air carrier govern articl review circumst warrant continu imposit measur initi form review initi commiss request member state request commun air carrier subject measur commun air carrier provid consecut iata schedul season elaps imposit definit measur review paragraph initi commiss act accord procedur refer articl relev provis articl appli review paragraph review assess continu exist subsidi unfair price injuri caus determin commun interest call continu intervent warrant review measur repeal amend maintain accord procedur refer articl articl committe procedur commiss assist committe institut articl council regul eec juli access commun air carrier intra commun air rout hereinaft refer committe refer made paragraph articl decis ec appli regard provis articl thereof refer made paragraph articl decis ec appli regard provis articl thereof period laid articl decis ec set month committe adopt rule procedur articl commun interest determin articl commun interest call intervent measur maintain accord articl base apprais interest measur appli conclud commun interest articl gener provis provision definit redress measur impos regul enforc member state form level criteria laid regul impos measur measur duti impos regul defin precis form measur accord provis regul regul impos provision definit redress measur regul decis accept undertak suspend termin investig proceed publish offici journal european union articl entri forc regul enter forc twentieth dai public offici journal european union regul bind entireti directli applic member state strasbourg april european parliament presid cox council presid roch oj oj opinion european parliament januari oj council common posit decemb oj posit european parliament march publish offici journal council decis march oj oj oj regul amend european parliament council regul ec oj