direct ec european parliament council juli legal protect biotechnolog invent european parliament council european union regard treati establish european commun articl thereof regard propos commiss regard opinion econom social committe act accord procedur laid articl treati biotechnolog genet engin plai increasingli import role broad rang industri protect biotechnolog invent fundament import commun industri develop field genet engin research develop requir consider amount high risk invest adequ legal protect make profit effect harmonis protect member state essenti order maintain encourag invest field biotechnolog european parliament reject joint text approv concili committe european parliament council direct legal protect biotechnolog invent european parliament council determin legal protect biotechnolog invent requir clarif differ exist legal protect biotechnolog invent offer law practic member state differ creat barrier trade imped proper function intern market differ greater member state adopt legisl administr practic nation case law interpret legisl develop differ uncoordin develop nation law legal protect biotechnolog invent commun lead disincent trade detriment industri develop invent smooth oper intern market legal protect biotechnolog invent necessit creation separ bodi law place rule nation patent law rule nation patent law remain essenti basi legal protect biotechnolog invent adapt ad specif respect order adequ account technolog develop involv biolog materi fulfil requir patent case exclus patent plant anim varieti essenti biolog process product plant anim concept nation law base intern patent plant varieti convent creat uncertainti protect biotechnolog microbiolog invent harmonis clarifi uncertainti regard potenti develop biotechnolog environ util technolog develop method cultiv pollut econom ground patent system encourag research applic process develop biotechnolog import develop countri field health combat major epidem endem diseas combat hunger world patent system likewis encourag research field intern procedur dissemin technolog world benefit popul group concern promot agreement trade relat aspect intellectu properti right trip sign european commun member state enter forc patent protect guarante product process area technolog commun legal framework protect biotechnolog invent limit lai principl appli patent biolog materi principl intend determin differ invent discoveri regard patent element human origin scope protect confer patent biotechnolog invent deposit mechan addit written descript lastli option obtain exclus compulsori licenc respect interdepend plant varieti invent convers patent invent authoris holder implement invent entitl prohibit parti exploit industri commerci purpos substant patent law serv replac render superflu nation european intern law impos restrict prohibit concern monitor research commercialis result notabl point view requir public health safeti environment protect anim welfar preserv genet divers complianc ethic standard prohibit exclus exist nation european patent law munich convent preclud priori patent biolog matter patent law appli respect fundament principl safeguard digniti integr person import assert principl human bodi stage format develop includ germ cell simpl discoveri element product includ sequenc partial sequenc human gene patent principl line criteria patent proper patent law mere discoveri patent signific progress treatment diseas made exist medicin product deriv element isol human bodi produc medicin product result technic process aim obtain element similar structur exist natur human bodi research aim obtain isol element valuabl medicin product encourag mean patent system patent system insuffici incent encourag research product biotechnolog medicin need combat rare orphan diseas commun member state duti respond adequ problem account opinion group advis ethic implic biotechnolog european commiss made clear invent base element isol human bodi produc mean technic process suscept industri applic exclud patent structur element ident natur element right confer patent extend human bodi element natur environ element isol human bodi produc exclud patent result technic process identifi purifi classifi reproduc human bodi techniqu human be capabl put practic natur incap accomplish discuss patent sequenc partial sequenc gene controversi direct grant patent invent concern sequenc partial sequenc subject criteria patent area technolog novelti invent step industri applic industri applic sequenc partial sequenc disclos patent applic file mere dna sequenc indic function technic inform patent invent order compli industri applic criterion case sequenc partial sequenc gene produc protein part protein protein part protein produc function perform purpos interpret right confer patent sequenc overlap part essenti invent sequenc consid independ sequenc patent law term invent base biolog materi human origin materi patent applic file person bodi materi opportun express free inform consent thereto accord nation law invent base biolog materi plant anim origin materi patent applic includ inform geograph origin materi prejudic process patent applic valid right aris grant patent direct affect basi current patent law patent grant applic patent product direct prejudic exclus plant anim varieti patent hand invent concern plant anim patent provid applic invent technic confin singl plant anim varieti concept plant varieti defin legisl protect varieti pursuant varieti defin genom possess individu distinguish varieti plant group characteris gene genom cover protect varieti exclud patent compris varieti plant invent consist genet modifi plant varieti plant varieti bred exclud patent genet modif result essenti biolog process biotechnolog process defin purpos direct process breed plant anim essenti biolog direct prejudic concept invent discoveri develop nation european intern patent law direct prejudic provis nation patent law process treatment human anim bodi surgeri therapi diagnost method practis human anim bodi exclud patent trip agreement possibl member world trade organis exclud patent invent prevent territori commerci exploit protect ordr public moral includ protect human anim plant life health avoid prejudic environ provid exclus made exploit prohibit law principl invent exclud patent commerci exploit offend ordr public moral stress direct oper part direct includ illustr list invent exclud patent provid nation court patent offic gener guid interpret refer ordr public moral list presum exhaust process offend human digniti process produc chimera germ cell totipot cell human anim exclud patent ordr public moral correspond ethic moral principl recognis member state respect import field biotechnolog view potenti scope invent field inher relationship live matter ethic moral principl supplement standard legal examin patent law technic field invent consensu commun intervent human germ line clone human be offend ordr public moral import exclud unequivoc patent process modifi germ line genet ident human be process clone human be process clone human be defin process includ techniqu embryo split design creat human nuclear genet inform live deceas human human embryo industri commerci purpos exclud patent case exclus affect invent therapeut diagnost purpos appli human embryo pursuant articl treati european union union respect fundament right guarante european convent protect human right fundament freedom sign rome novemb result constitut tradit common member state gener principl commun law commiss european group ethic scienc technolog evalu ethic aspect biotechnolog point connect group consult biotechnolog evalu level basic ethic principl includ consult patent law process modifi genet ident anim suffer substanti medic benefit term research prevent diagnosi therapi man anim anim result process exclud patent view fact function patent reward inventor creativ effort grant exclus time bound encourag invent activ holder patent entitl prohibit patent reproduc materi situat analog permit prohibit patent reproduc product product patent product provid derog right holder patent propag materi incorpor protect invent sold farmer farm purpos holder patent consent initi derog authoris farmer product harvest multipl propag farm extent condit derog limit accord extent condit set council regul ec juli commun plant varieti right fee envisag commun law relat plant varieti right condit appli derog commun plant varieti right requir farmer holder patent defend right farmer abus derog breeder develop plant varieti incorpor protect invent fail adher commit derog right holder patent authoris farmer protect livestock agricultur purpos extent condit derog determin nation law regul practic commun legisl anim varieti right field exploit plant characterist result genet engin guarante access payment fee grant form compulsori licenc relat genu speci concern plant varieti repres signific technic progress consider econom interest compar invent claim patent field plant characterist result plant varieti genet engin guarante access payment fee grant form compulsori licenc invent repres signific technic progress consider econom interest articl trip agreement detail provis burden proof bind member state provis direct decis eec commun parti convent biolog divers june regard member state give weight articl articl sentenc articl articl convent bring forc law regul administr provis compli direct confer parti biodivers convent place novemb note decis iii work requir develop common appreci relationship intellectu properti right relev provis trip agreement convent biolog divers issu relat technolog transfer conserv sustain biolog divers fair equit share benefit aris genet resourc includ protect knowledg innov practic indigen local commun embodi tradit lifestyl relev conserv sustain biolog divers adopt direct chapter patent articl member state protect biotechnolog invent nation patent law adjust nation patent law account provis direct direct prejudic oblig member state pursuant intern agreement trip agreement convent biolog divers articl purpos direct biolog materi mean materi genet inform capabl reproduc reproduc biolog system microbiolog process mean process involv perform result microbiolog materi process product plant anim essenti biolog consist natur phenomena cross select concept plant varieti defin articl regul ec articl purpos direct invent involv invent step suscept industri applic patent concern product consist biolog materi process mean biolog materi produc process biolog materi isol natur environ produc mean technic process subject invent previous occur natur articl patent plant anim varieti essenti biolog process product plant anim invent concern plant anim patent technic feasibl invent confin plant anim varieti paragraph prejudic patent invent concern microbiolog technic process product obtain mean process articl human bodi stage format develop simpl discoveri element includ sequenc partial sequenc gene constitut patent invent element isol human bodi produc mean technic process includ sequenc partial sequenc gene constitut patent invent structur element ident natur element industri applic sequenc partial sequenc gene disclos patent applic articl invent consid unpatent commerci exploit contrari ordr public moral exploit deem contrari prohibit law regul basi paragraph consid unpatent process clone human be process modifi germ line genet ident human be human embryo industri commerci purpos process modifi genet ident anim suffer substanti medic benefit man anim anim result process articl commiss european group ethic scienc technolog evalu ethic aspect biotechnolog chapter ii scope protect articl protect confer patent biolog materi possess specif characterist result invent extend biolog materi deriv biolog materi propag multipl ident diverg form possess characterist protect confer patent process enabl biolog materi produc possess specif characterist result invent extend biolog materi directli obtain process biolog materi deriv directli obtain biolog materi propag multipl ident diverg form possess characterist articl protect confer patent product consist genet inform extend materi save provid articl product incorpor genet inform contain perform function articl protect refer articl extend biolog materi obtain propag multipl biolog materi market territori member state holder patent consent multipl propag necessarili result applic biolog materi market provid materi obtain subsequ propag multipl articl derog articl sale form commercialis plant propag materi farmer holder patent consent agricultur impli authoris farmer product harvest propag multipl farm extent condit derog articl regul ec derog articl sale form commercialis breed stock anim reproduct materi farmer holder patent consent impli authoris farmer protect livestock agricultur purpos includ make anim anim reproduct materi purpos pursu agricultur activ sale framework purpos commerci reproduct activ extent condit derog provid paragraph determin nation law regul practic chapter iii compulsori cross licens articl breeder acquir exploit plant varieti infring prior patent appli compulsori licenc exclus invent protect patent licenc exploit plant varieti protect subject payment royalti member state provid licenc grant holder patent entitl cross licenc reason term protect varieti holder patent biotechnolog invent exploit infring prior plant varieti appli compulsori licenc exclus plant varieti protect subject payment royalti member state provid licenc grant holder varieti entitl cross licenc reason term protect invent applic licenc refer paragraph demonstr appli unsuccessfulli holder patent plant varieti obtain contractu licenc plant varieti invent constitut signific technic progress consider econom interest compar invent claim patent protect plant varieti member state design author author respons grant licenc licenc plant varieti grant commun plant varieti offic articl regul ec appli chapter iv deposit access deposit biolog materi articl invent involv concern biolog materi public patent applic manner enabl invent reproduc person skill art descript consid inadequ purpos patent law biolog materi deposit date patent applic file recognis depositari institut intern depositari author acquir statu virtu articl budapest treati april intern recognit deposit micro organ purpos patent procedur hereinaft refer budapest treati recognis applic file relev inform applic characterist biolog materi deposit patent applic state depositori institut access number access deposit biolog materi provid suppli sampl public patent applic person authoris nation patent law public applic grant patent request applic request independ expert patent grant notwithstand revoc cancel patent request sampl suppli person request undertak term patent forc make materi deriv parti materi deriv experiment purpos applic proprietor patent applic expressli waiv undertak applic request applic refus withdrawn access deposit materi limit independ expert year date patent applic file case paragraph appli applic request refer point paragraph paragraph made date technic prepar publish patent applic deem complet articl biolog materi deposit accord articl ceas recognis depositari institut deposit materi permit term laid budapest treati deposit accompani statement sign depositor certifi newli deposit biolog materi origin deposit chapter final provis articl member state bring forc law regul administr provis compli direct juli forthwith inform commiss thereof member state adopt measur refer direct accompani refer occas offici public method make refer laid member state member state commun commiss text provis nation law adopt field cover direct articl commiss send european parliament council year date articl report problem encount regard relationship direct intern agreement protect human right member state acced year entri forc direct report assess implic basic genet engin research failur publish late public paper subject patent annual date articl report develop implic patent law field biotechnolog genet engin articl direct enter forc dai public offici journal european commun articl direct address member state brussel juli european parliament presid gil robl council presid edling oj oj oj opinion european parliament juli oj council common posit februari oj decis european parliament oj council decis june oj oj oj regul amend regul ec oj oj