special report respect european commun develop aid programm south africa accompani repli commiss pursuant paragraph articl ec treati content gt tabl gt gt start graphic gt summari european commun provid mio ecu aid programm south africa initi notabl programm fund project assist victim apartheid carri face activ opposit south african author succeed nonetheless make posit contribut peac democraci polit situat south africa evolv programm continu support democraci human right start promot social econom develop democrat govern establish commiss deleg open pretoria cooper agreement south africa commun sign european programm reconstruct develop start report examin programm implement manag commiss organis involv focus period kei find report concern weak court previous comment report develop cooper programm gener relev commiss delai step overcom part world implement programm advers affect layer decis make administr matter commiss headquart brussel final decis main delai defici project implement monitor phase european commun south african cooper found project poorli formul timet unrealist condit contract financi agreement inappropri treasuri manag commiss poor report procedur inadequ monitor commiss weak global evalu european special programm carri insuffici evalu effect action financ government channel commiss underestim institut strengthen need south african partner enabl implement programm effect effici commiss began programm govern donor unrealist volum fund effici effect absorb short term south african administr prefer concentr resourc fewer sector initi european programm reconstruct develop delai implement disburs lower plan bursari programm main commun action effect poor manag monitor backlog complet inact contract back properli close commiss period resourc alloc commiss manag programm organis inadequ lack manag inform system procedur defin commiss establish decentralis manag approach place decis make author level system util limit resourc commiss manag control commun fund optim manner oper financi respons decentralis central servic brussel field manag resourc realloc commiss simplifi procedur reduc delai commiss address realist constraint servic affect programm implement absorpt capac south african partner pai greater attent strengthen administr capac south african partner government government donor coordin strengthen member state futur trade cooper agreement commiss member state ensur union commerci polici support strategi develop cooper gt end graphic gt introduct background european commun develop aid programm south africa septemb respons intensifi polit repress south africa foreign minist european commun ec adopt twin track polici restrict posit measur foster peac transit democraci restrict measur involv trade embargo econom polit sanction posit measur launch involv support financ gener budget european commun victim apartheid disadvantag commun total mio ecu commit ec aid programm project wide varieti sector programm pass phase take account polit environ introduct object arrang implement conceptu phase identifi special programm assist victim apartheid novemb special programm south africa novemb european programm reconstruct develop south africa clear cut line phase drawn project execut timefram overlap period project integr success programm figur set chronolog polit event occur measur undertaken european commun respons event legal oper arrang establish figur inform phase gt refer graphic gt gt refer graphic gt gt refer graphic gt figur gt start graphic gt ec develop aid scheme south africa phase special programm victim apartheid spva aim foster transit peac stabl democrat racial south africa assist victim polit repress main area target humanitarian amp social initi train amp educ legal assist implement organis european ngo south african channel sacc sacbc kt amp icftu organis arrang commiss involv definit apprais monitor amp implement project legal respons laid european ngo appropri commit mio ecuphas ii nov special programm south africa spsa aim foster transit democrat prosper south africa integr develop object support disadvantag communitiesmain area target tertiari amp adult educ vocat train primari health care commun amp rural develop human right amp democraci implement organis south african channel sacc sacbc kt amp icftu intervent european ngo organis arrang commiss involv project coordin offic pco identif assess monitor project appropri commit mio ecuphas iii nov european programm reconstruct develop eprd aim foster transit democrat prosper south africa support polici reform undertaken south african govern reconstruct develop programm main area target educ amp train health rural amp urban develop econom oper trade amp invest promot support small medium micro enterpris promot good govern democratis implement organis central provinci en local govern structur transit nation develop trust tndt amp local ngo organis arrang commiss directli involv project manag monitor ec deleg pretoria appropri commit mio ecu sourc court auditor evalu european spsa spm account commiss gt end graphic gt phase cover period total mio ecu commit project area humanitarian legal assist educ vast major project promot local organis call channel kagiso trust kt interdenomin bodi form church trade union south africa south african cathol bishop confer sacbc south african council church sacc lesser extent european base intern confer trade union icftu phase direct link commiss channel contractu respons commiss project lai european government organis ngo respons forward fund channel south africa financi narr report programm carri face activ opposit south african govern beneficiari oppon regim subject harass ban order imprison commiss adapt normal financi control report requir realiti situat treat project high degre confidenti polit situat south africa evolv posit trade embargo econom polit sanction gradual lift ec aid programm enter phase reorient account develop object sector involv european ngo end commiss conclud project contract directli channel south africa polit situat permit establish ec deleg pretoria commiss open programm coordin offic pco februari staf technic assist european associ cooper eca contract order provid support partner monitor project phase ec programm assist south africa began novemb democrat elect establish govern nation uniti conclus cooper agreement ec republ south africa aim phase call european programm reconstruct develop eprd contribut south africa harmoni sustain develop consolid democrat societi south african govern interlocutor ec develop polici dialogu project implement open prioriti central region local govern depart tradit channel local ngo financ directli sector programm transit nation develop trust tndt establish direct fund local ngo small project decemb agreement establish deleg ec south africa sign deleg offic open pretoria pco close decemb final novemb council adopt regul develop cooper south africa set legal basi eprd oper mio ecu earmark financ eprd period nation indic programm sign south african govern commiss novemb ec south africa relationship develop polit commerci econom area june negoti bilater trade agreement establish free trade area open agreement major import develop south african economi progress slow discuss ongo date adopt report april south africa member lomé convent conclud ec africa caribbean pacif acp countri court audit polici ec south africa aid programm court review commiss administr programm date identifi take account manag control constraint commiss partner work number weak incomplet file lack progress report weak role european ngo project implement poor financi manag fund project larg outstand balanc recoveri unus amount court examin financi account south african aid programm court point commiss financi manag weak commiss date inform volum fund bank account channel unnecessarili larg amount held account polici treatment interest earn addit backlog project date back close case final payment outstand servic commiss appear capac deal find audit commun commiss publish court report order follow find commiss respons court start comprehens audit programm south africa mission south africa carri involv meet documentari check ec deleg govern depart channel organis ngo organis sampl project visit spot final beneficiari interview physic achiev check court enquiri cover element procedur system appli commiss channel manag project approv period implement paragraph attent paid bursari programm implement kagiso trust largest ec oper carri south africa annex procedur system appli commiss south african govern depart ngo organis project financ eprd paragraph organis commiss servic paragraph ordin commun member state sphere develop work south africa paragraph page number shortcom financi manag control ec aid programm set notwithstand emphasis gener conclus spite difficult condit programm carri ec phase support project contribut democrat transit south africa reliev victim apartheid disadvantag commun start eprd era develop cooper south africa begin era basic principl cost effici financi control account observ commiss south african partner implement budget impact budget aid south africa period shown figur total mio ecu commit mio ecu disburs end commit settl consist project eprd total mio ecu gt tabl gt gt refer graphic gt year amount commit remain settl rose markedli highlight number interrel point examin report increas introduct eprd avail commit appropri run ahead capabl commiss south african author spend fund absolut level payment declin consider continu increas payment appropri rate utilis payment appropri low reflect problem encount implement eprd budget level commit payment appropri commiss anticip problem figur show evolut ec commit payment appropri grant channel figur show drastic declin figur set payment appropri channel kt largest beneficiari ec fund payment appropri sacbc figur present sector breakdown project import sector total commit bursari tertiari educ commun develop educ vocat train gt refer graphic gt gt refer graphic gt gt refer graphic gt gt refer graphic gt variat commun commit payment programm eprd shown figur show growth unspent commit explain situat govern project govern project fund period underwai begin figur show normalis develop cooper south africa financ ngo project assum modest role fall note implement project directli cofinanc govern fact partial deleg ngo indic programm sign amount earmark decentralis cooper account eprd annual financi packag sector alloc eprd programm fund shown figur project good govern democratis educ train sector signific gt tabl gt system implement project channel introduct channel system oper phase ec aid programm replac arrang eprd remain project start implement kei observ channel system present order highlight weak system avoid futur commun programm relat south africa observ present deal procedur system manag arrang achiev impact programm run channel system firm inform base assess evalu carri evalu cover period carri commiss consult project evalu includ bursari programm sector evalu carri consult carri evalu report gener special programm success relev target popul signific posit impact polit develop countri contribut demis apartheid consid programm success earli year project initi high degre involv ownership project beneficiari high level creativ enthusiasm note notabl oper procedur concern irrit frustrat stem involv parti manag chain lack common understand author unclear misunderstood procedur shortag staff commiss slow bureaucrat organis long approv project process payment report requir unclear involv duplic work gener substant feedback figur sketch respons parti approv pai implement project fund channel procedur develop ad hoc manner claus standard project contract conclud commiss channel gt refer graphic gt gt refer graphic gt distinct featur system direct link european commiss project holder relat pass channel sole interlocutor commiss entail filter fund applic conclud contract manag disburs ec fund monitor assist holder report progress observ channel system design weak channel system kei weak hinder adequ control sound financi manag caus shortcom implement project firstli organis level commiss servic involv administr system project holder channel commiss deleg central servic overlap respons insuffici inform flow coordin decis make slow result payment implement action delai channel commiss short period identifi apprais execut monitor larg number small project manag ngo commun base organis cbo limit administr capac result number decis check financi transact handl high commiss adequ resourc deal workload final result examin channel system highlight endem weak commiss manag develop cooper programm court comment repeatedli report formul project outset project poorli formul essenti element budget total donor contribut timet activ defin complet absent term refer incomplet confus attempt commiss improv matter introduc logic framework project design implement weak remain end channel system unrealist implement timet contract sourc problem project request extens origin timet occas commiss approv extens analys achiev plan complet project real possibl respect deadlin document contain commiss file check contract extend accord proper procedur deadlin fix financi commit respect project identifi timet extend initi expir extend contract deadlin consider administr workload holder channel commiss extens oper process system approv brussel similarli contract provid procedur modifi project budget minor approv commiss central servic brussel subject contract rider led payment oper delai financi treasuri manag court point letter commiss monitor adequ manag fund transfer channel fail ensur channel submit financi report reconcil fund transfer commiss eu project bank account amount disburs project holder interest accru excess balanc built notabl kt project account consider interest earn commiss brussel south africa wholli inadequ inform intervent court commiss action situat improv case largest channel kt channel contract project holder provid payment made ecu convert local currenc zar appli monthli rate publish ec offici journal expenditur incur month provis inappropri impract oblig channel bank account ecu permit south african monetari author identifi monthli payment project base disburs practic channel convert fund receiv commiss immedi zar deposit proce local currenc bank account commiss awar modifi term contract payment report project payment report procedur contract defici permit adequ monitor channel commiss contract project holder period report refer fix deadlin submiss report exclus link payment result project holder provid report request disburs organis request payment report provid addit contract set suffici narr financi report major channel project involv fund recurr cost beneficiari organis case report problem aros contract period correspond financi year organis normal period account report activ financ contract effect commiss provid annual grant organis sign contract previou report clear organis commiss open time separ contract fund year report requir cumbersom complic reconcili difficulti financi report meant commiss servic reject report submit caus frequent interrupt delai payment lead uncertainti holder jeopard execut activ hinder effect monitor analysi project execut decemb show project approv instal outstand year indic project overfund unus balanc project holder part closur exercis paragraph identifi hand case holder prefer lose final payment produc final report point view holder reason option take account small payment due troubl produc report approv project submit interim report approv project receiv advanc project amount signatur contract instal paid project report submit accompani audit report account report limit tackl kei problem relat ec fund period cover report grant doubl financ case bursari programm audit exercis kei control mechan limit lack adequ term refer auditor absenc follow find audit report annex paragraph project monitor commiss monitor project adequ weak report procedur mention lack project track comput tool failur commiss inform system monitor sacc sacbc project inform weak sacc sacbc project approv total mio ecu document held commiss file insuffici assess current statu project commiss project activ case progress project report submit spite lack inform commiss extend project implement time frame occas commiss monitor kt project inadequ improv made consequ weak monitor commiss unabl react promptli holder channel queri numer project suffer delai stand situat long period definit halt unabl meet object bursari programm concern lack supervis reliabl figur reduc effect sustain bursari grant opportun grant miss ineffici manag mio zar approxim mio ecu decemb exchang rate reimburs paid sa nation bursari scheme annex paragraph abil commiss monitor adequ implement project weaken poor state inform system satisfactori computer databas detail project implement report document project file date report correspond miss inform channel commiss deleg central servic pass commiss copi contract sign channel project holder awar case project scope financi condit differ contract channel financi consequ unsatisfactori monitor project approv start project start inact remain unnecessarili open commiss account mio ecu respect project commit start inact remain account decemb overst outstand liabil closur contract audit court point commiss give prioriti close larg backlog contract respect total mio ecu commit back commiss inform court end aim close outstand contract juli technic assist emploi reinforc capac servic carri task januari deadlin closur project extend end decemb target close project project date end end june contract backlog close commiss encount procedur difficulti larg inadequ plan definit task failur devot suffici resourc review court sampl closur sheet prepar show numer unexplain anomali support inform present inadequ decis make purpos order increas capac servic close project commiss decid march engag privat sector audit firm commiss year engag auditor contract separ firm final sign juli servic concern establish revis procedur requir justif action propos includ recoveri write outstand balanc held implement organis cancel unneed commit balanc target fix final closur activ project period achiev end corollari lack progress close contract progress made closur exercis recov surplu fund held ngo europ south africa mission european ngo surplus found number case contrari commiss intern rule requir recoveri order establish debt identifi pm mention amount precis evalu recoveri order issu respect ngo problem encount commiss close larg backlog project reflect weak financi manag south african programm consist size polit import programm south africa commiss alloc suffici resourc suffici robust effect manag procedur enabl expand programm prepar implement time closur exercis prioriti accord programm meant limit resourc drawn closur exercis closur exercis badli prepar inadequ object mileston procedur unclear role respons involv suffici defin agre common understand need enabl project close result limit resourc effici effect european programm reconstruct develop eprd eprd system democratis countri approach cooper point matter fund programm direct cooper south african govern climat consider optim donor includ european commun ec member state eager launch larg scale develop programm associ govern ec largest donor support south african forc democraci apartheid era want increas support govern legitim short period commiss approv programm substanti amount area activ ec donor join reconstruct develop programm launch south african govern million zar approxim mio ecu annual nation budget pool intern aid form rdp fund special creat central administr structur rdp offic prove unsuit march critic low level programm implement rdp offic close respons programm implement transfer ministri financ sector ministri time south africa central administr underw major restructur import top level govern depart initi execut develop programm limit experi work intern aid organis south african administr face difficulti bring system procedur line donor requir structur creat provinci local level plan stage context ec donor organis realist volum fund effici effect absorb south african administr case individu programm health sector land reform pilot project commiss recognis provinci district structur programm implement establish fund programm absorb light limit resourc sector capabl staff commiss deleg prefer commiss agreement south african author concentr fewer resourc limit number sector time programm launch commiss fact face problem headquart depart brussel requir simultan monitor close project fund channel paragraph programm eprd examin relat file negoti legal framework relationship cooper south africa similar lack resourc deleg paragraph problem manag broad programm limit resourc led commiss chang approach financ ngo project activ ngo encourag combin applic financ action sector health urban develop rural develop programm form adopt approach commiss paid attent organis structur respons implement ensur skill resourc sector programm audit court substanti weak level structur respons programm case urban sector network programm coordin offic pco propos coordin structur form ngo intern rule adequ resourc unabl monitor programm compon regularli case health sector programm activ ngo oper region combin contract respons manag monitor programm unilater assign ngo commiss difficult produc requir progress report partner manag system structur account differ ngo resourc requir monitor oper case smaller project carri ngo commun base organis cbo minist respons eprd instruct find solut project fund coordin framework propos creation independ bodi tndt establish tndt slow fund ngo cbo sever disrupt oblig cut back staff activ govern project health part seri programm cofinanc govern court audit nation hiv aid programm district health system support programm technic assist programm restructur nation health system amount mio ecu total time audit project progress programm fact start structur essenti implement put place district health system base fulli establish half delai actual introduct measur provinc level result south african author execut phase programm extend end human right programm approv commiss decemb basi studi carri extern consult financ agreement south african govern amount mio ecu sign govern programm carri ngo special foundat set administ programm launch long delai march time court audit project bare aim project vagu action plan base result studi mention carri amount expenditur requir estim support breakdown calcul situat countri chang updat object resourc emploi found assess acknowledg peopl respons implement programm includ initi exploratori phase clarifi object action plan thought import project start propos make adjust stage wait result stage commiss monitor develop programm carefulli parliamentari support programm total cost mio ecu cofinanc partner actual start programm plan end march start staff requir manag fulli recruit actual arrang implement jointli fund programm satisfactori time court audit donor contribut combin singl budget understand verifi south african govern contribut mio ecu incorpor alloc programm work programm recent tabl south african author cover commun contribut mio ecu import commiss verifi realiti joint fund programm ngo project ngo project fund directli commiss intermediari channel lack experi commun procedur difficulti obtain advic deleg problem commun commiss headquart produc start delai project visit court ngo present annual work programm order obtain payment commun fund adequ instruct notabl financ agreement natur level breakdown inform requir case result commiss refer file submit back ngo case programm accept deleg lengthi exchang inform ngo reject subsequ brussel resubmit tier approv procedur effici commiss limit project manag resourc caus excess delai implement participatori health care programm mio ecu cover essenti disadvantag peopl township cape town initi stage programm affect weak mention previou paragraph addit viabil programm final stage implement march risk contract sign commiss fact stipul hospit financ provid incorpor south african govern health care structur fund intern donor essenti imperil continu servic till provis low cost hous peopl low incom main object urban sector network programm mio ecu hous provid year hand commiss partner estim difficulti implement hous loan polici countri progress programm disturb slow commun payment time court audit ngo network oblig suspend activ programm pend disburs fund start execut micro project programm financ jointli microproject programm trust mio ecu disrupt excess length time requir commiss sign financ agreement disburs fund march micro project approv level progress low project manag oblig make overdraft facil pend commiss payment hold execut financ measur weak tool procedur establish eprd weak tool procedur commiss root substanti delai note stage eprd implement neg impact execut programm payment delai project visit court affect endem slow payment view concern commiss slowest donor delai essenti due excess time commiss approv interim report updat work plan commiss princip sole sourc financ partner experi financi difficulti case micro project urban sector network programm manag oblig resort overdraft facil order avoid suspend project activ exchang loss ngo amount receiv zar gener lower amount due term contract amount ecu analysi twelv project payment show differ result privat south african bank appli extrem unfavour exchang rate total mio ecu disburs equival mio zar inforecu rate ngo receiv mio zar convers bank rate differ mio zar equival mio ecu inforecu rate total disburs case differ compar analysi payment govern project show rate appli reserv bank favour signific amount ngo commiss examin possibl adopt altern procedur ngo receiv amount contract financ agreement poor draft financ agreement ngo govern disrupt start execut eprd claus cover inter alia payment report project account part agreement case lack clariti consist inconsist great case decemb financ agreement appli direct fund ngo includ contract claus channel system word financ agreement properli check materi error detect approv procedur financ agreement conclud ngo provid payment advanc annual budget cover procedur observ payment year balanc court identifi payment balanc total ecu effect commiss identifi omiss suggest amend agreement question project review court ngo provid bank guarante requir financ agreement south african bank refus give guarante ngo requisit level fund bring term agreement line realiti commiss ask bank issu certif wise equival guarante project adopt phase special programm partner requir term financ agreement convert month project expenditur ecu mean monthli rate publish offici journal european commun paragraph provis inappropri project audit commiss modifi contract condit practic deleg hard make draft weak contract unabl remedi shortcom text financ agreement improv significantli octob effort requir order rationalis provis contract resolv difficulti payment procedur prone major amend financ agreement adopt deleg meet partner authoris mean simpl exchang note formal amend text agreement brussel headquart ratifi amend formal amend text agreement court highlight weak procedur amend provis financ agreement earlier report situat indic weak commiss control system due lack clear instruct procedur divis respons observ brussel headquart deleg tender procedur commun rule procedur appli project procur tender applic central local administr south african law major difficulti south african rule give prefer south african firm previous disadvantag commun commun rule requir open tender european commun compani condit countri sourc difficulti govern project court audit spot case nation hiv aid programm led consider delai sever disrupt execut programm problem implement parliamentari support programm technic assist eu fund technic assist perceiv remain import compon eu aid programm south africa high cost resourc expatri technic assist recruit europ present govern depart receiv assist remain larg unawar cost financ directli project fund south africa signific amount skill expertis field consider scope recruit technic assist local appli local term condit cost effect european technic assist gener term commiss determin assign local expertis task turn recruit expatri technic assist precis duti respons eu financ technic assist second work govern depart suffici defin commiss respons deleg govern depart case govern health project intend role function technic assist develop implement manag account system divert month coordin result origin object achiev time audit period month technic assist act senior line manag role health depart agreement commiss technic assist provid time contract time period technic assist line project timet case land reform project administr provid technic support programm appoint month sign financ agreement south african author start project assist attent paid ensur suffici technic assist provid local level central level region beneficiari involv land reform project obtain easier direct access advic rout queri elabor committe process commiss organis resourc report emphasis instanc unusu natur south african aid scheme combin high polit relev administr complex volum fund divers action factor call high qualiti organis reinforc manag resourc provid firstli commiss set structur spot administr scheme programm coordin offic open limit technic respons commiss establish pretoria full deleg commiss fail give prioriti manag south african aid programm insuffici manag resourc alloc inadequ written procedur instruct organis set inadequ commiss headquart brussel south african unit insuffici staf frequent staff movement gap post south africa task respons pco procedur follow set contribut manag shortcom defici monitor deleg establish pretoria earli commiss provid suffici staff duti involv year deleg consist head assist secretari develop counsellor appoint post staff organigramm fill end addit lack written instruct guidelin led shortcom manag routin deleg inter alia clear divis respons staff deleg clear respons monitor project inform system weak project document put singl file instanc inform process report document lost monitor system provid suffici inform assess current statu project actual disburs report deadlin progress made object constraint encount circumst ensur adequ project monitor supervis continu servic point affect organis deleg south africa maintain presenc pretoria cape town nation parliament altern meet deleg open offic cape town head frequent oblig remain order deal polit affair led delai resolut import matter affect develop cooper nomin deputi head deleg pretoria respons develop cooper project monitor ordin develop oper commun member state articl treati european commun tec stipul commun develop oper polici complementari polici pursu member state aim seek coher effect articl treati request ordin consult commun member state council commiss signific step direct pilot experi launch countri seri resolut conclus issu south africa meaning coordin regard major issu firstli member state repres countri face similar problem strong link ordin develop earlier difficult polit period place council regul ec novemb develop cooper south africa coordin central instrument guarante optim effect aid regul invit commiss measur involv organ regular meet establish system exchang inform transmiss member state cooper strategi paper project outlin final regul extend coordin donor current coordin mechan south africa consist regular meet exchang inform programm implement mechan permit signific involv member state definit incept commun programm document regularli commiss member state repres commun oper discuss detail exchang inform member state action formalis progress made establish common data base insuffici inform hinder achiev effect coordin strengthen coordin commiss member state practic step implement provis laid mention regul set detail procedur consult exchang inform adopt common approach procedur ensur inform flow direct commun member state includ meet schedul compil data base transmiss report common apprais defin enhanc role plai commiss deleg adequ resourc provid deleg fulfil role develop common sector strategi effort direct improv administr capac south african govern deal coordin intern donor extend coordin donor adopt consist approach entail common account report requir agre disburs schedul joint audit procedur conclus septemb european commun decid support activ organis provid assist victim apartheid contribut significantli effort secur peac transit democraci uniqu programm oppos south african govern controversi europ commiss show consider imagin foresight promot programm respons target popul special programm regard south africa involv made posit contribut period transit result european commun built consider polit goodwil democrat leadership south africa paragraph commun kei posit develop relat south africa europ econom cooper sphere step donor commiss order show delai solidar support govern approv eprd programm spread wider number sector effect manag short term constraint capac commiss handl portfolio action govern absorb fund timescal foreseen suffici account suffici preliminari ground work identifi institut strengthen project implement effect role commun plai assist south african author regard paragraph result substanti implement delai encount implement eprd similar problem identifi court area develop cooper phare mediterranean effici effect implement commun programm assist south africa period advers affect inadequ procedur system resourc appli commiss initi commiss sought appli light flexibl procedur defin consist set partner accept paragraph situat improv oper open opportun establish procedur system administr project entrust channel commiss attempt ensur strict control retain central servic author approv individu project contract contract amend report payment commiss fail provid suffici resourc carri check properli promptli oper approach unwork fail provid adequ manag control specif exercis close open project ngo cbo back poorli design implement limit resourc ineffici paragraph eprd concern chronic problem insuffici resourc manag programm size divers made wors lack oper instruct staff deleg brussel staff movement paragraph implement effici advers affect slow commiss payment procedur shortcom financ agreement failur agre tender procedur appli shortcom highlight report similar set court report extern action special report phare programm med programm observ ngo cofinanc commiss delai step overcom weak commiss seek area develop cooper gener establish effect decentralis manag approach place decis make author level system strengthen ownership part beneficiari organis encourag greater degre partnership organis degre oper financi respons decentralis central servic field decis closer action concern approach aim utilis limit resourc commiss manag control commun fund optim manner approach requir establish clear framework term refer oper financi implement programm includ precis straightforward report requir determin decis level implement organis deleg central servic brussel pre condit term capac resourc decis make structur pre condit reli manag control system implement organis achiev commiss assess exist system provid support improv focus monitor execut result programm complement select check individu action eprd form part relat eu south africa negoti trade cooper agreement establish transit period free trade area commun matter great import south africa volum develop aid commiss south africa consider south africa benefit largest singl countri financi technic cooper programm commun econom social progress countri depend greater extent success develop effici produc compet intern market sector natur resourc agricultur compar advantag trade negoti long complex complet end context import ensur european commerci polici coher develop strategi member state keen interest close involv trade negoti disappoint note context financi technic cooper programm govern coordin commiss member state limit signific input definit commun programm lack inform provid member state action limit possibl defin coher european union programm assist greater effort need european union donor donor agre common approach procedur account requir report adopt court auditor luxembourg meet court auditor bernhard friedmann presid ministeri level polit cooper meet septemb ec develop aid scheme south africa fund budget line term channel describ associ commiss channel fund programm implement organis agreement sign pretoria octob approv council decemb oj tndt step creation nation develop agenc ensur ngo fund futur council regul ec novemb develop cooper south africa oj ec aid programm south africa continu financ ec gener budget south africa access convent limit evalu european special programm south africa spm consult octob origin amount commit mio ecu decommit nation indic programm sign commiss south african govern evalu european special programm south africa spm consult octob paragraph annex bursari programm observ bursari programm includ annex commiss approv project channel amount mio ecu number ad run project approv previou year project remain open consid period logic framework manag tool aim improv project design plan monitor major develop aid donor south africa project manag sapman spreadsheet applic commiss reliabl inform regularli date applic abandon decemb council regul ec novemb articl financi refer amount mio ecu period task forc respons negoti set march real demand ecu south africa bank set exchang rate differ consider rate quot intern monei market payment commiss zar make minimis loss possibl exclud financi regul parliamentari support programm af stipul bodi financ agreement ministri financ repres republ south africa agreement sign speaker parliament project urban sector network micro project programm trust project participatori primari health care programm urban sector network microproject trust land agricultur polici center paragraph court auditor annual report financi year oj special report respect bilater financi technic cooper member mediterranean countri oj bangladesh ivori coast costa rica ethiopia mozambiqu peru notabl issu oj paragraph special report decentralis system implement phare programm period oj paragraph special report respect bilater financi technic cooper member mediterranean countri special report decentralis system implement phare programm period oj special report oj annual report financi year oj subject number protocol protect kei sector tariff free import product commun annex bursari programm programm object descript object bursari programm assist higher educ student disadvantag commun contribut establish nation bursari scheme provid bursari consist grant loan repaid student tertiari educ fund south africa tefsa compon programm target improv administr student support servic histor black tertiari institut ti ec alloc programm mio ecu mio ecu disburs bursari grant programm manag kagiso trust kt establish bursari offic administr bursari disburs ti offic advanc fund amount award student end exercis ti forward offic audit report state amount grant loan provid beneficiari actual figur expend remain amount refund bursari programm committe set establish polici criteria overse administr programm committe consist repres ti ministri educ tefsa kt ec deleg control system financi control programm chiefli reli submiss ti audit report mechan function satisfactorili deadlin submiss audit report establish penalti claus case submiss foreseen bursari offic request ti report due comprehens instruct auditor report consist case meet control object case auditor exercis audit strict sens case scope work restrict qualifi opinion formul lack follow report bursari offic unaccept report reject issu ti intern auditor qualifi opinion observ clear control mechan oper bursari offic carri annual reconcili commiss kt ti account establish balanc fund result mio ecu fund remain unus weak element control system absenc audit review bursari programm provid contract conclud commiss kt programm supervis poor function control system made wors lack effect supervis firstli bursari offic review procedur system ti bursari committe function properli follow matter financi natur committe held fewer meet foreseen inadequ segreg duti secretari committe time director financi manag bursari offic data examin mix project actual figur thirdli kt main offic commiss supervis work perform bursari offic end awar absenc reliabl figur expenditur repay loan student evalu mid term extern evalu bursari programm conduct evalu assess financi manag tackl loan repay problem recommend financi overview role bursari committe strengthen final extern evalu programm carri foreseen achiev object evalu underlin success reach target group conclud programm provid financi assist disadvantag student contribut redress racial gender imbal conclus drawn confirm period number respect effect sustain visibl programm satisfactorili achiev effect effect reduc consequ poor financi manag explain paragraph mio ecu remain unspent financ addit bursari fund arriv late school year final beneficiari result ti student oblig advanc expenditur take privat loan sustain sustain programm ensur prioriti repay loan compon bursari end loan repaid repres loss mio zar approxim mio ecu decemb exchang rate nation bursari scheme feasibl recov loan dramat decreas time undermin sustain programm put risk financi capac nation scheme programm ownership beneficiari student receiv annual statement account loan grant interest accru record confirm financi posit poorli inform mechan scheme involv stage administr final beneficiari concern lack programm ownership chief element ensur success develop programm visibl ti visit court ti staff beneficiari student awar european union sourc fund kt make public sourc fund end problem aros programm end commiss financi control point lack visibl step redress commiss develop inform strategi brochur press releas action dissemin ec origin fund visibl reinforc partnership cooper relationship south africa europ gt tabl gt tertiari institut univers technikon teacher train technic vocat colleg amount correspond mio ecu commun commit disburs kt approxim mio ecu fund unexpend ti account european union kagiso trust bursari programm evalu british council august repli commiss introduct court audit polici ec south africa aid programm commiss take note global posit assess court programm south africa spite difficult condit prevail phase agre basic principl underlin court fact form guidelin activ order ensur financi control account amount procedur groundwork requir creat delai implement develop partner familiar donor requir administr approach implement budget disburs rate payment appropri project relat period percentag achiev project closur exercis unspent amount identifi mecu decommit commit project launch disburs rate achiev period larg exchang gain ecu rand occur prevent liquid total contract amount ecu due lack personnel close project decommit rapidli court rightli point introduct european programm reconstruct develop eprd true payment level declin sharpli major unspent commit govern project year disburs percentag commit payment reach larg extent due initi expect south africa ec fund reimburs expenditur incur implement depart public bodi south africa administr realis stage legisl pre financ commun project nation fund subsequ appar depart unabl make initi payment project held execut project month problem address decid financ agreement amend rider payment advanc basi approv annual work plan month south african govern sign rider adapt financi agreement doubl amount payment compar previou year reason low execut rate chang govern administr democrat elect bring major reorganis staff respons programm delai anticip commiss origin compet south africa govern slow start time larg programm fulli anticip time partial solut found prepar tender dossier work plan financ agreement sign order readi launch programm immedi system implement project channel introduct commiss oper south africa onward led difficulti address shortag staff obstacl quick reaction problem south africa programm staf level gradual increas take time streamlin administr process respons point aid deliveri mechan expect posit effect report weak consid focus programm clear prioriti oper south african govern lead higher level effici develop achiev observ channel system design weak period light flexibl manag due circumst south africa commiss tighten manag procedur round develop project south africa mention human resourc rapidli caus delai dai dai execut programm special difficulti south africa problem result apartheid era encount commiss learn process engag programm addit mention channel constant chang role ngo plai develop sphere sensit matter south african polit context commiss consist sought adapt dynam situat approach act equip organis intermediari transit nation develop trust tndt interfund identifi apprais studi launch reinforc capac build point formul project deleg south africa time programm ordin offic pco staff experi project prepar effort south africa concentr forthcom elect difficult train partner time project manag project propos necess accept format prepar poorli formul project time frame invari short fail suffici start time suffici time implement report addit inform request agre extend time frame commun commiss headquart individu project remot area easi repli justif understood project manag month submit extens contract deadlin place consider administr workload concern requir budgetari disciplin exercis refer paragraph due lack human resourc made imposs observ deadlin budget year rememb time frame extend order give requir budgetari cover commit open project report receiv fund due financi treasuri manag weak follow partner account larg extent result extrem difficult circumst programm start court rightli point programm start face sever activ opposit south african govern order put partner danger commiss adapt manag realiti situat fact commiss immedi appli strictest report follow requir due reason rang lack resourc posit experi partner financi manag previou year recognis evalu team report european special programm esp oct commiss recognis monitor fund improv relat southern african cathol bishop confer sacbc south african council church sacc closur exercis south africa technic assist period help commiss identifi unus fund recov ongo closur review audit firm period commiss detail insight actual situat outstand fund facilit recoveri fund commiss open account south africa receiv court rightli observ strict observ convers system impract court report relat amend contract true commiss modifi contract fit practic time ideal situat prioriti time pressur manag contract resourc issu address payment report report concern timefram project budget tabl report timefram extens grant signatur contract occur start date project payment arriv signatur project report delai project start payment receiv report requir commiss difficult beneficiari requir narr report page accept financi report indic budget contract spent advanc paid commiss earlier project channel due requir reject report project locat remot area report transfer local offic headquart channel consider time lost process fact decis make slow commiss oblig channel introduc request continu project time give impress fund initi project extens project execut commiss account close date project base audit report project date onward project start larg number ongo project track contract project due time phase project part small system link report payment type project shortag commiss staff dedic south africa project submit report financi incent report link payment time frame project mention correspond financi year project ask linkag occas fund agreement sign ongo organis close care overlap fund commiss flexibl constraint financi regul knowledg project limit capac report minimum requir financi statement prepar show expenditur budget line contract short narr report give inform activ carri court observ payment outstand current closur exercis bring clarif preliminari result overfund level channel explain exchang rate differ time overfund exchang gain stai channel recov commiss arriv democrat govern chang approach ngo fund habit donor turn govern led project ngo receiv fund project close object achiev allow present final report condit disburs instal abandon instal report grant provid donor explicitli earlier project commiss servic impress project thing grant court rightli point closur exercis give insight number project submit final report case interim report commiss opinion report requir consid cumbersom approv circuit project lengthi audit financi statement limit precis made eu fund give good indic gener financi situat organis reveal incid misus fund case bursari programm unsatisfactori situat commiss action decid stop fund bursari programm kagiso trust kt fund ongo student tefsa tertiari educ fund south africa annex project monitor commiss improv procedur constitut task forc deleg order research solut improv inform system thirteen fourteen project refer expir mark closur project sacc project time frame extend order retain possibl action requir delai incur state court caus context note channel programm ordin offic expertis financi matter relat commiss bursari programm concern situat rais court chang visit commiss repres project octob remedi propos accept tefsa manag project remedi situat begin collect back payment comment point initi manag inform system abandon end tool introduc begin gelibu gestion de lign budgétair south africa supplement inform system account servic sincom track project statu provid financi inform correct commiss copi contract channel project holder prefer practic reason time limit contractu relat channel system modifi wave project closur exercis address problem outstand balanc note mecu mecu outstand attribut project uthombo pride decommit protract legal proceed closur contract meet held april pretoria juli brussel plan respons defin definit format requir inform close project decid addit recruit privat sector audit firm necessit restrict tender launch juli deadlin submiss offer septemb offer meet requir tender cancel contract award direct agreement procedur difficulti commiss encount solv half situat closur esp project outlin court report definit improv inter servic agreement led clear definit respons task computeris tool overcom shortcom exist system develop allow finalis closur dossier project period total project close remaind final stage closur wave closur period ongo assist audit firm south africa delai produc closur review report firm commiss intend respect deadlin close project end june close activ project end order overcom restrict logist mean deleg measur appli reinforc equip resourc date project close final stage project natur life cycl propos closur receipt closur report kt project review audit firm action assum auditor find correspond closur report partner european programm reconstruct develop eprd eprd system mention point polit technic difficult prejudg implement capac mandela administr commiss oper framework oper agreement council regul determin level fund alloc south africa larg sector intervent open door request south africa depart issu examin sa govern result multiannu indic programm mip agre concentr basic social servic educ health lai foundat direct budget support mechan depart involv sector prioritis mip face major difficulti implement programm commiss seek agreement nao redirect activ larg financi manageri capac build programm kei depart sector government partner recognis establish implement capac nation provinci level parallel oper government partner reinforc case health programm combin ngo unsuccess method group repeat experi gain earlier project context organis structur ordin activ appli project attent paid capac organis programm base apprais studi case organis commiss work evalu previou project tndt project start slowli partli major partner left model success implement monitor commiss satisfi work carri organis govern project health programm start slowli fact programm fund govern natur learn curv problem occur tender procedur effort put make programm work present moment project reach level execut final stage implement project start slowli mid term review undertaken aim vagu actual situat govern clear point project need design initi flexibl mid term review prepar human right programm initi cost programm estim mecu commiss accept contribut mecu swedish oper mecu women develop remain provid south african parliament budget south african parliament decid contribut flexibl gradual explain work plan base commiss contribut success implement part financ swedish govern note ordin meet commiss held staff appoint project execut extern expertis recruit recent project manag establish detail object project achiev cost effect intent joint fund work plan ngo project court rightli mention difficulti encount ngo provid commiss servic inform need justifi releas fund delai result situat recognis ngo realis advic deleg commiss seri measur improv situat guidelin implement eu fund project south africa drawn distribut earli partner govern servic ngo provid clear oper guidanc inter alia elabor financ propos work plan tender dossier payment fund flow report seminar organis promot manual capac build programm target ngo oper framework mip implement specialis ngo approv provid short term technic assist support ngo need set specialis ngo programm manag unit apprais project interfund commiss examin mean bring greater decentralis decis make deleg set measur significantli improv implement programm state partner hous loan initi undertaken provinc provinc basi provis hous respons govern aftermath elect overli optimist speed implement stress year hous deliv year notwithstand absenc bridg fund difficulti face ngo programm remain schedul compon programm servic site urban sector network princip respons object total site year project achiev total mention made excess time requir signatur financ agreement disburs instal micro project programm trust mpt type problem minimis futur encourag project prepar tender work plan prior signatur financ agreement readi start immedi signatur part problem relat mpt provid commiss servic requir inform partli due inadequ commun commiss project substanti improv weak tool procedur implement eprd explain point commiss manual provid guidelin stage eprd implement payment delai case quot urban sector network micro project programm problem work plan present refer back project ad consider approv time regard intern commiss circuit concret step hand decentralis simplifi procedur order reduc delai consist principl budgetari disciplin exchang loss exchang rate fluctuat problem earlier year appreci rand meant south african substanti exchang gain moment commiss decid calcul payment south african rand zar convert ecu rate month payment execut depreci appreci zar beneficiari receiv zar intend reason final payment made zar fact commiss prefer ecu problem rate appli privat bank sourc concern discuss govern financ agreement financ agreement modifi includ detail clear claus relat payment true case urban sector network pragmat solut put forward basi payment balanc text agreement unclear system bank guarante ngo certif abandon repli point year rider requir signific amend financ agreement weak identifi commiss clearer pictur present parti involv recent releas guidelin point amend financ agreement financ chapter respect respons rout amend follow tender procedur earli european commiss south african negoti counterpart agre slightli revis version standard edf tender rule financi packag eprd draft gener regul major differ standard edf tender rule draft gener regul draft gener condit contract precis price prefer south african compani procur commun financ develop project south africa regul council regul novemb develop oper south africa articl regul requir particip invit tender contract open equal term natur legal person member state south africa acp state duli substanti case develop countri appli origin supplier exist agreement acp ec council minist decid april access republ south africa lomé convent issu articl regul convent applic south africa tender rule decis confirm price prefer south african entiti effort harmonis tender rule european commiss instruct servic februari appli uniform procur threshold budget line activ decis impli project govern financ agreement sign decis implement accord revis threshold agre financi control issu conflict tender regul aros case case basi depart flexibl choic procedur commiss initi discuss govern agre stipul multiannu indic programm sign ec tender regul appli programm older programm line principl case south africa face difficulti solv amend reconstruct develop programm fund act govern extern public donor fund amend donor procedur enter forc technic assist true skill expertis south africa project high level technic assist experi eu fund project recruit cost effect europ varieti case commiss carefulli examin possibl recruit local expertis prior take decis time visit court commiss organis depth consult ta order develop precis instruct respons definit task lack experi side depart expert result situat situat correct locat technic assist central provinci local decis take process decid basi apprais studi discuss govern beneficiari commiss commiss organis resourc conclus observ court fulli share commiss find solut conclus deleg await replac senior staff member provision distribut task respons put place light experi grade background staff member organ chart finalis distinct drawn special programm close monitor imposs european programm reconstruct develop eprd onward monitor ensur close contact deleg programm element monitor process develop end task group creat deleg point propos solut futur extent fund mobilis implement propos solut lead improv situat possibl nomin deputi head deleg examin commiss account appoint staff refer paragraph ordin develop oper commun member state commiss implement council regul accord view express court observ address member state activ commiss handl south africa committe council commiss take proactiv measur reinforc ordin pretoria line mention court conclus court acknowledg polit reason commiss formal repres south africa deleg enter process continu support technic adapt complex chang circumst south africa place context commiss case south africa author scarc human resourc budgetari constraint conduct eu sa negoti long term contractu framework june impos addit import burden commiss servic forese time negoti complex lengthi fact ongo manag resourc remain critic level commiss agre court situat impact implement effici commiss remain inact lesson learnt difficulti experienc occas headquart deleg common assess problem face led commiss simplifi rationalis codifi modu operandi model exist standard document manual procedur elabor implement problem regularli review discuss sa govern instrument direct budget aid test time measur ensur south africa unit deleg staf commiss undertak exercis view bring execut part extern action common servic order harmonis execut follow extern aid programm commiss engag process decentralis simplif oper case south africa duli account time commiss negoti bilater agreement trade develop oper south africa provis develop oper prepar member state council regul post era case commiss intend advantag opportun improv relationship south africa term aid deliveri partnership reliabl decentralis court conclus recommend form import contribut process annex bursari programm true insuffici human resourc commiss reli kt bursari offic manag programm manag prove inadequ realis brussel receipt inadequ report kt mission brussel concentr problem decid end ceas fund student kt decid complet fund foreseen tefsa tefsa verifi reconcil kt data reconcili enabl work effici loan recoveri compon agreement earli produc statist moment tefsa loan recoveri capac improv annual confid continu support govern sustain programm ensur envisag financ agreement