commiss decis octob declar concentr compat common market eea agreement case iv telia telenor notifi document number english text authent text eea relev ec commiss european commun regard treati establish european commun regard agreement european econom area articl thereof regard council regul eec decemb control concentr undertak amend regul ec june articl thereof regard commiss decis june initi proceed case undertak concern opportun make view object rais commiss regard opinion advisori committe concentr april notif receiv pursuant articl regul eec quot merger regul quot swedish norwegian govern announc acquir joint control mean ecmr newli creat compani newco set hold share telia ab quot telia quot telenor quot telenor quot notifi parti submit propos undertak condit commiss adopt decis pursuant articl merger regul examin notif commiss conclud notifi oper fell scope merger regul rais doubt compat common market creat strengthen domin posit result effect competit significantli imped common market substanti part territori cover eea agreement june commiss decid initi proceed pursuant articl merger regul parti telia largest telecommun oper sweden wholli own swedish state parent undertak telia group telenor largest telecommun oper norwai wholli own norwegian state compani provid respect countri full rang telecommun servic televis servic provid servic nordic area internation ii oper concentr term notifi oper newco compani incorpor law sweden acquir share telia telenor respect govern return swedish norwegian govern issu share equal equiti share capit newco swedish norwegian govern enter sharehold agreement date march agreement govern veto approv group busi plan consolid budget newco major strateg acquisit dispos appoint authoris committe board newco appoint board director telia telenor subsidiari newco govern possibl exercis decis influenc newco govern share joint control newco inherit telecom televis busi own respect state perform function carri telecommun compani expect perform last basi function autonom econom entiti iii commun dimens worldwid turnov telia group eur million commun wide turnov telenor eur million worldwid turnov telenor eur commun wide turnov order eur amp gt million telia achiev third commun turnov sweden telenor achiev third turnov member state telia telenor achiev third efta wide turnov norwai combin turnov undertak concern efta state equal total turnov eea territori notif fall treat eea cooper case iv compat common market telephoni relat servic introduct telephoni telecom servic case consid merger regul involv merger incumb nation oper europ earlier case involv merger merger european telecom oper parti oper europ bt mci ii arrang notifi regul fell short full integr parti entir telecom activ present case step rais issu consid detail earlier case initi review market definit requir deal assess individu product market detail help set basic explan industri oper clarifi essenti principl involv structur oper switch circuit telephon network centuri countri europ telephon industri structur form vertic integr nation monopoli publicli own pto public telephon oper offer final user custom quot subscrib quot basic voic servic basic voic servic provid connect subscrib countri intern agreement pto access intern pstn public switch telephon network recent decad effort made number countri liberalis nation telephon market introduc competit purpos nation telephon network gener consid consist distinguish segment local loop essenti network subscrib point interconnect local exchang long distanc network cabl switch equip connect local exchang higher level exchang transit exchang intern network cabl relat switch equip lead traffic intern gatewai capit citi kei node network quot backhaul quot cabl intern cabl head land point countri pto countri subscrib voic telephoni servic gain access network pai subscript fee gener cover oper cost provis infrastructur fix line local exchang subscrib premis line pair copper wire twist characterist fashion refer quot twist copper pair quot quot twist pair quot physic shape wire subscrib exchang thought loop consist elong piec wire start main distribut frame run subscrib connect handset return return wire main distribut frame loop exchang area connect call made set complet voic path connect loop origin subscrib loop intend recipi recipi connect local exchang origin subscrib caller connect exchang call destin subscrib remot local exchang direct local exchang concern unusu quot transit quot exchang call direct back network relev local exchang subscrib call set connect made interven bridg point switch order complet voic path origin recipi construct made circuit remain place durat call irrespect voic traffic carri call intern call conveni intern switch quot gatewai quot intern connect cabl satellit radio link network oper countri recipi subscrib locat transit network oper direct network network connect reason monopoli pto need interconnect exchang intern traffic physic connect network made intern cabl termin countri concern relat oper gener correspond relat relat price traffic countri agre fix minut cost account rate method oper access local loop principl entrant build network exist local loop network built substanti period time financ telephon compani concern public sector bodi entrant face establish incumb high cost long time period involv build network mean signific econom disincent entri power incumb potenti entrant face basic challeng persuad potenti custom subscrib incumb switch entrant chosen servic provid subscrib remain physic link incumb traffic pass incumb network order entrant vast major outgo call subscrib termin network incumb entrant hand call incumb incur charg incumb network make offer uncompetit competit territori monopoli gener begun entrant attack incumb profit rout intern long distanc rout outgo call simplest form entri resal entrant purchas quot end end quot retail servic incumb entir line continu own oper incumb entrant quot resel quot retail servic provid incumb custom remain connect incumb technic practic purpos order servic bill brand custom care sale market supplier resal gener receiv resold servic wholesal price discount compar price incumb offer opportun make profit depend resel abil cost overhead control gener sale market bill servic centr lower equival cost incumb incur problem resel bulk cost provid telephoni servic remain control incumb resel offer servic incumb provid network possibl innov term offer technic solut owner line prepar offer exercis profit incumb regul prepar resel surviv regulatori obstacl incumb easili cut retail price choos order make offer resel uncompetit forc entrant reduc margin point oper longer profit form entri involv substanti commit term network develop entrant call call carrier select final user remain subscrib incumb subscrib whichev entrant oper compet outgo call servic time subscrib remain physic link network incumb remain subscrib incumb subscrib wish servic compet oper enter special code diall desir number code recognis local exchang access code compet oper call hand compet oper nearest interconnect point network form entri carrier pre select essenti outgo call automat divert oper divers manual overridden subscrib carrier pre select call call select long distanc intern call price charg incumb carrier suffici cost entrant opportun compet run traffic network charg custom type carrier select domest subscrib continu pai incumb subscrib fee fix line principl direct charg levi incumb subscrib subscrib make call carrier pre select call call select traffic travel incumb network chosen entrant pai incumb network subscrib point interconnect entrant network payment refer quot origin interconnect quot recov entrant subscrib part entrant call charg call entrant termin back incumb network entrant network parti network major domest call termin back incumb network simpli vast major subscrib countri concern remain connect incumb payment termin interconnect made entrant incumb cover servic import limit wai entri carrier pre select call call select appli outgo call carrier manag attract incumb custom persuad custom outgo call incom call destin subscrib concern termin incumb network entrant offer carrier pre select call call select earn call termin revenu oper full control local loop expect earn substanti form entri local loop unbundl refer acronym llu detail vari slightli implement entrant gener connect cabl directli subscrib copper pair point subscrib twist pair previous connect incumb main distribut frame local loop unbundl requir oper oper locat local exchang build impli entrant set network switch traffic point network effect unbundl subscrib concern cabl connect local exchang oper main distribut frame oper entrant subscrib relationship entrant respect incumb continu control divert network retain ultim ownership twist copper pair final user entrant gener pai incumb leas copper pair incumb premis subscrib theori reason oper outright ownership copper pair practic copper pair run substanti portion length cabl twist pair continu control incumb import divert copper pair creat unaccept interfer wire cabl quot crosstalk quot radio interfer circuit incumb local loop cabl cabl specif circuit own outright owner cabl give rise difficulti alloc respons mainten reason leas arrang gener prefer possibl local loop access fix access final subscrib avoid incumb fix link usual altern incumb fix link cabl televis connect cabl network design transmit traffic direct quot trunk branch quot quot cascad quot structur ideal telephoni contrast tradit telephon system subscrib individu local loop local exchang carri traffic copper loop wire overload matter subscrib simultan phone contrast tradit cabl network risk quot trunk quot connect system overload return telephon traffic network adapt step reserv bandwidth cabl creat outward return path telephoni traffic system reconfigur break separ serv unit subscrib order ensur arteri rout overburden time peak demand creat capac kei trunk line put extra cabl replac copper coaxial system fibr optic order enabl system deal traffic invest need electron requir quot light quot bring oper optic fibr cabl modem requir end line undevelop cabl network substitut telecom network made invest countri uk cabl network built usual coaxial cabl suppli televis servic addit twist copper pair intent telephoni countri cabl network consist coaxial cabl technic financi challeng involv develop network telephoni greater altern incumb fix line involv technolog convey traffic electr cabl enter subscrib premis commerci develop provid immedi competit altern bulk telephon user method design avoid fix link radio link requir high frequenc radio signal beam receiv transmit equip locat subscrib premis disadvantag system short wave radio signal requir line sight transmiss radio loop system limit countri area built town citi centr busi high build aerial mast locat receiv antenna radio frequenc gener unaccept level interfer equip signific invest made equip subscrib end line attempt set commerci oper uk radio link recent fail import distinct drawn local loop servic give entrant subscrib outgo call busi carrier pre select call call select technolog place oper posit analog incumb unbundl local loop access radio link access power cabl cabl network group oper possibl earn revenu incom outgo call arguabl group unbundl local loop access short term capabl allow competitor enter term incumb interconnect correspond relationship account rate interconnect mean separ own network exchang traffic account rate system refer briefli form interconnect essenti telephon compani suffici interconnect send traffic receiv virtual pstn includ intern pstn era monopoli nation telephon oper call switch local transit exchang intern gatewai switch network nation pto context quot interconnect quot mean price servic paid subscrib combin fix rental charg usag charg individu call base durat destin time dai bundl charg cover switch activ network intern oper deal financi relationship govern system refer account rate system price agre nation telephon oper concern origin oper oper subscrib initi call pai agre percentag account rate oper deliv termin call exchang traffic oper account rate accompani settlement system net flow traffic oper period count payment direct made regular interv basi imbal physic cabl structur pto consid own notion mid point common border mid point undersea cabl subscrib make call pai oper full price call theori relat account rate oper network call began gener pai termin oper agre proport account rate termin call receiv network fact traffic roughli balanc oper concern payment subject settlement regim mean actual amount monei chang hand oper small compar traffic volum note system price call telephon compani involv reflect agreement reach countri concern termin oper paid irrespect call travel network reach intend subscrib interconnect local long distanc level advent liberalis compet network enter domest incumb territori interconnect incumb interconnect import entrant vast major subscrib make call subscrib incumb network model domest interconnect differ slightli account rate model intern call origin oper network call begin pai receiv oper minimum set charg call minut charg termin traffic physic point connect network minut usag charg vari depend time dai traffic receiv network point interconnect interconnect model price structur interconnect vari countri countri countri divid region entrant decid specif region wish interconnect fulfil minimum standard set incumb requir interconnect specif point region design incumb minimum number point region stipul incumb system entrant pai charg call deliv region segment interconnect pai incumb call region entrant interconnect altern amount thing depend geograph layout pstn entrant choos interconnect level exchang hierarchi interconnect high level hierarchi access exchang countri substanti part interconnect local level access local exchang serv exchang chosen incumb gener set price base amount network interconnect oper order reach specif custom incumb local loop cheapest interconnect gener close local exchang relev twist pair termin point interconnect transit exchang higher exchang hierarchi call carri incumb network order reach local loop entrant expect pai higher charg call termin local interconnect point individu local exchang level interconnect direct cheaper give access fewer custom gener fewer point interconnect entrant pai incumb call termin convers point interconnect pai incumb spend build network principl entrant lower interconnect cost make interconnect exchang hierarchi involv signific capit cost build network local exchang reach interconnect charg high rel price incumb offer servic subscrib difficult entrant make profit oper price interconnect reason disincent larg invest network entrant depend incumb absenc regulatori action price interconnect offer price interconnect rise make entrant oper uneconom invest roll network entrant unwil cost merci incumb satisfi suffici regulatori control place interconnect cost low make offer competit prevent incumb abus posit power entrant desir state affair interconnect chosen point transit exchang local exchang select basi send traffic area entrant found deliv high volum traffic group subscrib area citi interconnect select local exchang area area entrant send traffic interconnect transit exchang level order avoid signific invest capac choos interconnect region accept mean pai incumb higher interconnect charg respect deliveri traffic incumb insist interconnect made accord criteria make difficult entrant quot cherri pick quot desir point interconnect common entrant oper requir interconnect minimum number point region desir interconnect incumb refus interconnect local exchang level distinct expens interconnect transit exchang entrant prepar interconnect minimum number exchang local exchang region incumb impos limit network connect pai cost cost set interconnect continu period payment incumb insist entrant pai entir cost set physic infrastructur requir make interconnect incumb benefit send traffic physic link strategi give incumb signific degre control entrant cost determin level invest entrant make begin oper addit incumb carri qualiti degrad strategi suppli capac capac relat product nation telephon oper signific owner network infrastructur form cabl switch oper leas unus capac leas quot wholesal quot varieti product offer telecom oper larg user retail product offer end end basi supplier telephon servic privat user data network oper altern suppli raw cabl includ util railwai electr compani privat telephon system right network roll quickli offer provid quot backbon quot altern coverag quot capillar quot incumb network incumb supplier leas capac term reach coverag physic network price leas line relat product offer relationship interconnect price price local loop access note discuss interconnect gener cheaper entrant traffic incumb network make interconnect termin network point deliveri traffic assum entrant capit resourc build network desir local exchang point entrant choos leas line substanti depend incumb suppli leas line abil avoid hostil interconnect price part incumb undermin financi operation depend incumb leas line abil incumb action lessen extent regul competit constraint provid effect constraint freedom set price offer circuit switch versu packet switch model telephoni featur complet end end voic path set origin subscrib intend recipi call remain place durat call irrespect line particip call signific amount network resourc cabl switch equip dedic exclus individu call packet switch altern tradit circuit switch initi enabl comput exchang data telephon line increasingli mean carri tradit voic telephoni messag packet switch data commun inform contain messag broken separ quot packet quot data packet origin termin comput router examin head inform packet direct router packet reach intend addresse packet data system connectionless connect cabl run held open long take packet cross switch point cabl experiment packet switch network local confin univers todai lan local area network type router switch packet switch data network quot node quot tradit physic telecom cabl network mean data network make underli physic cabl telecom network obtain wide reach coverag relev network whilst avoid physic switch requir node tradit circuit switch network advantag physic circuitri longer dedic user call call basi carri traffic simultan data transmiss packet switch data network busi data commun internet data network construct cabl switch router divorc pstn connect lan found offic build consid exampl privat data network larger wide area network quot wan quot connect multin site larg compani telecom fibr leas pto privat intern leas line principl privat network connect pstn direct connect pstn requir case combin voic data network case compani global network headquart countri region offic countri system break pstn head offic countri employe region offic speak custom make call rout head offic pstn back intern link custom call head offic custom price intern call compani voic data network interconnect pstn countri traffic exchang employe compani region offic countri custom countri broken directli pstn countri incur lower termin cost normal interact privat data network incumb form request interconnect pstn term demand network infrastructur capac product order construct data network leas capac bui incumb virtual network transport servic frame relai atm asynchron transfer mode serv extent function leas capac compani seek construct data network construct network depend price capac product relat equip obtain internet internet basic seri interconnect overlap network protocol tcp ip protocol exchang traffic internet network interconnect horizont arrang peer vertic network custom connect largest internet data network worldwid coverag smaller network coverag region countri local area internet network isp internet servic provid final user obtain access internet mean access isp quot dedic access quot dedic fix line cabl link final user isp quot dial quot access normal pstn line isp dial custom connect pstn order reach custom reach pstn purpos isp treat busi custom relev telephon oper telephon oper isp treat busi custom pai line rental telephon compani user telephon servic call internet user custom isp isp treat switch telephon call fact modem end line custom telephon isp modem port render data stream capabl transfer circuit switch pstn line rental payment made final user isp usag charg paid final user pto network final user separ pai isp provis internet servic isp entitl nation law treat telephon oper relationship case isp gener receiv call make recipi stream call origin network pto entitl receiv payment pto call termin servic call gener origin custom isp isp benefit financi provid incumb call termin servic quot free quot isp servic financ settlement payment made pto isp reliev custom pai isp pto oblig regul treat isp telephon oper expos signific competit isp busi find commerci oblig offer call termin payment risk lose subscrib outgo internet call traffic carrier mean carrier pre select arrang isp connect pstn interconnect treat telephon oper custom competit access local loop pto insist isp treat ordinari telephon subscrib capabl pto lower termin payment isp point isp retail custom higher bandwidth broadband servic term quot bandwidth quot relat physic characterist telecommun system refer speed inform transfer analogu system tradit circuit switch telephoni measur frequenc hertz digit system measur number binari bit higher bandwidth higher speed line inform telecommun system transfer convent voic telephon circuit connect end subscrib mean twist pair regard low speed quot narrow band quot connect limit capac transmit data modern applic internet video demand requir transmiss inform requir high speed broadband interconnect usabl final subscrib difficulti deliveri broadband servic final user bandwidth limit twist copper pair telephon oper upgrad long distanc intern capac fibr optic cabl order make optimum packet switch technolog local loop repres point network tradit circuit switch repres impedi broadband technolog substanti cost replac local loop infrastructur repres disincent incumb upgrad link challeng find wai deliv servic exist facil broadband servic offer exist copper line hook quot enabl quot technolog quot xdsl quot digit subscrib line technolog xdsl technolog capabl effect convert copper pair high speed digit line overcom technic limit tradit copper local loop technolog fit local exchang incumb custom side main distribut frame compet oper offer broadband servic xdsl technolog custom connect incumb face main difficulti wait applic instal technolog technic offer limit equip incumb instal interconnect telephon line main distribut frame expect pai higher interconnect charg incumb network final entrant vulner incumb polici price qualiti interconnect incumb increas price interconnect degrad competitor xdsl offer uncompetit interconnect fix mobil network principl appli equal interconnect mobil network customari interconnect charg higher mobil network justifi basi mobil oper incur work establish custom call custom direct point network repli statement object quot repli quot parti argu charg higher basi higher cost mobil compar fix network fact mobil infrastructur quot build quot phase quot roam quot refer possibl mobil phone user take phone area compani subscrib mobil phone servic catchment area mobil phone compani order roam agreement compani gener main featur roam agreement subscrib network arriv territori oper treat custom network oper bill oper call made custom territori bill reflect rate charg oper custom surcharg reflect fact caller subscript oper oper turn bill custom call surcharg base addit administr cost involv roam occur nation basi subscrib mobil phone compani area mobil oper intern basi mobil phone user phone countri call handl servic provid countri relev product market notif parti identifi relev product market cover activ telephoni relat servic includ fix switch telephoni servic busi data commun internet access includ retail dial pabx distribut local telephon directori local telephon system busi busi telephon directori mobil telephoni market fix switch telephoni segment parti propos relev product market fix switch telephoni cover local call long distanc call mean made singl countri intern call call mobil commiss consid demand suppli point view rang activ fall definit compris offer regard econom substitut assess requir basi narrow segment narrow segment respond commiss market investig agre definit line previou case basic telephoni servic split separ segment segment local loop long distanc intern local loop access servic relev subscrib oper seek interconnect distinct usefulli drawn support infrastructur actual servic offer provis local loop infrastructur access higher level telephon servic subscrib physic connect pstn alloc twist copper pair nearest local exchang demand part subscrib telecom entrant connect local loop provis long distanc intern infrastructur mean connect local exchang countri bring traffic intern gatewai switch servic requir physic network cabl mean switch main supplier network infrastructur past telephon compani option emerg recent year notabl util ga electr rail compani prepar leas capac privat network term demand provis long distanc transport relev entrant pto compani run privat network internet servic provid supplier network servic busi data commun compani seek quot provid quot construct data network type player access capac complet network servic area possibl interconnect incumb order exchang traffic origin termin countri concern term network infrastructur distinct drawn past quot wholesal quot offer offer oper oper basi quot retail quot offer offer end user busi consist privat line principl buyer network infrastructur indiffer product obtain telephon oper compet supplier network infrastructur advantag bui bundl product telephon compani interconnect grant price rise high comparison offer compet supplier user readi bui quot dark fibr quot unus unconnect cabl light seek interconnect arrang point view person bui access infrastructur offer supplier util compani repres substitut offer tradition provid pto lessor domin telephon compani discrimin custom recognis telephon compani offer fibr interconnect custom busi custom attempt set data network entrant oper offer interconnect domin pto refus interconnect offer lower qualiti interconnect respect fibr leas compet pto supplier extent domin telephoni monopoli limit attract compet fibr offer simpli refus make difficult entrant network interconnect fibr obtain supplier incumb point view telephon compani seek infrastructur market cover offer telephon compani altern provid point view privat buyer privat data network provid market suppli network infrastructur limit interconnect incumb forc rent incumb telephon compani notwithstand purpos present assess separ market network infrastructur long distanc intern consid exist market consid cover suppli network infrastructur suppli telephon compani subscrib access telephon servic local long distanc intern physic connect network place servic run line basic telephoni consist incom outgo call incom outgo call classifi quot local call quot origin termin local exchang network long distanc receiv countri intern receiv foreign countri irrespect addit segment appli question aris separ market defin incom outgo call relev question treatment servic carrier pre select call call select appli outgo call subscrib access telephon servic gener offer incumb basi bundl product call termin call origin price servic final user receiv origin call consist line rental price final user origin receiv call consist variabl usag charg line rental calcul price servic difficult fix line receiv make call part fix line rental consid attribut cost outgo call part charg incom call proport fix cost attribut outgo call vari relationship usag incom usag outgo call difficult unbundl individu price element servic final user suggest incom outgo call treat forego argu call origin call termin constitut servic market theori subscrib face local loop competit rent line incom call separ line outgo call allow bui servic provid incur charg fix line rental exercis cheaper line incom outgo call relev market purpos assess compris incom outgo call local call convention servic market basic telephoni split local long distanc intern demand term subscrib decid make local long distanc intern call layer telephon hierarchi separ supplier local loop servic necessarili offer long distanc intern call directli subscrib refer call oper layer treat separ market long distanc call pto vertic integr oper transit local loop long distanc switch exchang level layer segreg long distanc oper interconnect local loop network call origin order accept call carri traffic countri region back incumb local loop network closer point deliveri hand oper demand long distanc servic aris local loop oper send traffic receiv traffic intern quot gatewai quot access point lead intern public switch network equal traffic rout mobil network product servic offer compris combin element compris offer long distanc network oper transport fibr includ interconnect receiv network end transport element provid fibr own long distanc oper fibr leas telephon oper capac product transport long distanc traffic purchas wholesal switch minut incumb run commun virtual network data network provid retail basi oper competit carriag long distanc call intern call gener introduc mean resal carrier pre select carrier call call select servic gener appli higher margin area long distanc intern call pure local call custom access oper resel handl call intern call countri demand subscrib carriag telephon traffic countri area resel call call pre select carrier activ call fix mobil call mobil telephon consid purpos assess similar long distanc call requir access incumb network call origin dealt separ mobil telephoni parti propos mobil telephoni mean oper mobil commun network separ relev product market parti respond commiss investig support market definit level suggest parti divis market analogu digit question quot converg quot tendenc mobil telephon substitut fix line telephoni respond made point mobil telephoni servic consid substitut fix line telephoni inter alia fix line purpos internet access mobil phone servic provid function mobil phone servic separ product market oper access network local long distanc intern subscrib access network order make call oper access order termin call network receiv call termin parallel oper level discuss outgo incom call oper access local loop network subscrib access local loop order make outgo receiv incom call oper interconnect local loop network demand access servic exist form contractu consider payment return reciproc servic interconnect arrang form agreement refer termin interconnect arrang oper traffic hand pai termin oper servic deliv call total cost includ set charg origin call minut charg vari depend incumb network call travel reach local loop subscrib commiss consid deregul permit entri compet oper market exist oper access local loop network oper access long distanc intern network practic incumb telephon compani europ vertic integr suffici capac intern call hand traffic local long distanc intern oper entrant facil make servic provid incumb telephon compani abil deliv long distanc intern traffic physic network countri construct era nation monopoli telephon oper limit number intern switch connect backhaul quot gatewai quot intern cabl land point cabl head outgo internation bound traffic handl correspond regim exclud correspond traffic traffic privat circuit brought intern switch incom traffic countri arriv intern switch termin countri concern busi data commun busi data commun servic involv transfer larg quantiti data secur quickli nation internation busi data commun servic connect compani local area network lan locat lan locat servic link parti compani network custom type servic compani substanti commun requir quot busi data quot servic form separ product market relat tradit switch voic telephoni technic point view data network base physic configur underli telecom cabl network type switch router point interconnect access quot node quot busi data commun packet switch similar technolog frame relai atm busi data network commonli quot virtual quot network connect set quot virtual circuit quot creat data stream broken packet line share stream technolog advantag reserv network resourc connect switch time minimis provid busi data commun servic build network combin infrastructur leas line bui network transport servic frame relai servic telephon oper gener network infrastructur provid event busi data commun provid access local loop end leas line optic fibr pstn isdn long distanc connect obtain provid network infrastructur leas line network transport servic provid data commun servic assembl offer element present custom quot seamless quot packag busi custom attract bui product avoid deal multipl nation level telephon compani countri requir cover data network isp servic isp offer custom connect internet larg word access point internet custom demand exist suppli internet access servic assess figur provid show market share dial dedic access combin separ competit concern aris defin separ unnecessari decid wholesal isp servic wholesal isp servic compris resal transit internet term involv oblig offer isp provid connect internet custom isp market global inform suppli parti show merg parti fit definit top level network appli commiss decis ec worldcom mci part resel transit obtain network internet section competit assess telenor busi internet transit provid margin telia stronger european level small global basi market consid notifi oper rais competit concern field wholesal isp servic internet advertis scandinavia onlin decis creation joint ventur scandinavia onlin sol telia telenor norwegian media group schibst commiss identifi market advertis internet market provid internet content compet advertis revenu repli statement object parti disagre separ market internet advertis claim extrem rare compani internet exclus market channel activ regard part gener market advertis newspap direct mail televis radio parti provid evid market channel exert competit constraint behaviour supplier internet advertis space fact advertis market product advertis channel demonstr channel demand substitut simpli show advertis pursu diversifi market campaign aim peopl sale advertis space local telephon directori sweden norwai countri local telephon directori produc year deliv household busi free charg publish earn revenu sell advertis space rang advertis larg medium size busi telia telenor publish suppli local directori sell advertis space directori sweden telia publish brand rame dindel telenor oper subsidiari lokaldelen sverig ab quot lokaldelen quot telia oper norwai parti maintain advertis local directori market segment wider market advertis media local free newspap radio inform gather commiss investig suggest number featur distinguish telephon directori advertis media telephon directori publish year reduc advertis strength make static advertis medium inform made public telephon directori chang integr updat year issu bear price advertis space telephon directori compar print media advertis telephon directori expens longer lifespan directori consider advertis daili newspap monthli magazin reason custom easili switch advertis media small neglig price increas repli statement object parti claim quot annual quot busi busi directori fact subscript longer interv time typic month reason distinguish shorter cycl advertis media parti type advertis full year basi hoard footbal ic hockei stadium magazin appear time year basi suggest market directori compet advertis revenu includ form longer term advertis opportun parti provid evid advertis mean restrain competit behaviour seller advertis local directori parti shown correl local directori advertis fee advertis fee evid indic product demand substitut sale advertis space local telephon directori distinct relev product market sale advertis space busi busi directori busi busi directori ordinari local directori busi search supplier product servic gener distribut free charg publish earn revenu sale advertis space parti publish supplier busi busi directori sweden telia publish emfa brand telenor publish swedish subsidiari telenor företagsinfo ab stortel sverig handelskalend iso guiden brand telia oper norwai parti claim publish type directori compet advertis revenu gener market advertis reason local directori commiss consid advertis busi busi directori distinct advertis market advertis busi busi directori constitut separ market advertis ordinari local directori busi busi directori gener public target specif user busi commun advertis busi busi directori expens advertis ordinari telephon directori repli statement object parti claim local telephon directori quot annual quot busi busi directori reason distinguish shorter cycl advertis media reason set relat local telephon directori dismiss parti argument busi busi directori market definit addit evid specif busi busi directori directori address busi commun form advertis advertis buse tram direct gener public consid demand substitut basi forego relev product market sale advertis space busi busi directori point parti distribut print version cd rom internet version busi busi directori parti earn incom cd rom internet version advertis account busi busi directori incom parti cd rom internet version belong market print version inform collect commiss enquiri confirm view born mind internet version layout print cd rom version internet version name address compani set object sourc advertis revenu banner advertis surround relev site sponsorship advertis sponsorship separ text directori necessarili relat relev busi inform displai directori sold separ compani want advertis site contrari print cd rom version directori inform relev compani displai bias advertis space size separ text directori advertis pai compani displai notic advertis space event posit issu oper rais competit concern irrespect internet advertis includ relev product market pabx type infrastructur product albeit organis part public network pabx parti distributor pabx essenti switch capac handl number telephon line simultan busi institut switchboard intern voic telephon system switch vari number line handl pabx handl line consid small model capac line consid larg parti larg small pabx belong product market function size custom seek solut includ larg small pabx custom gener deal supplier larg small pabx inform gather commiss investig confirm parti view shown purpos assess present case conclud small larg pabx belong relev product market distributor pabx system tend focu aftermarket suppli upgrad custom pabx system larg small servic contract custom instal provid ongo mainten support sale servic account import part pabx busi custom expect servic compani sold instal origin equip shown purpos assess present case decid sale servic part product market pabx distribut relev geograph market market nation wider nation parti argu relev telecom market affect concentr nation argu market nation merger expand market fix telephoni possibl servic creat countri market consist norwai sweden outcom merger automat consequ assess proceed basi essenti nation market fix mobil telephoni notwithstand forego difficult generalis rang possibl affect telecom market posit consid separ provis local loop long distanc intern infrastructur market consid nation scope local loop control oper enlarg cover area wider nation network reconfigur reflect fact control oper geograph reach market wider nation determin issu competit concern aris suggest parti market defin nation long distanc intern infrastructur similar principl appli determin geograph dimens market definit long distanc telecom transport countri provid histor incumb monopoli similar reason appli local loop offer offer specif defin nation territori subscrib access telephon servic local long distanc intern market subscrib access telephon servic subscrib point view gener consid nation servic offer tend past nation limit telephon oper suppli provid servic nation border oper access network local loop long distanc intern subscrib access servic consid nation market true oper access local loop histor situat incumb monopoli telephon oper question access local loop network relev oper seek termin call countri concern respons termin call hand receiv telephon oper notion mid point cabl countri call handl incumb vertic integr network call termin local loop stage process intern call sens access intern call servic look separ segment busi case examin narrow relev market basi specif quot countri pair quot relationship mean rout traffic exchang countri assess consid posit term market access intern servic impact merger specif countri pair norwai sweden norwai sweden denmark finland mobil telephoni parti consid market nation varieti reason includ licens condit impos oper member state frequenc avail limit number oper countri oper countri necessarili expect licenc neighbour countri condit licenc oblig oper build infrastructur territori concern import factor roam charg impos call made home territori servic provid rare make econom custom countri obtain mobil servic perman basi supplier oper nation market larg pai domest call countri resid intern call busi data commun parti assert relev market busi data commun nation provid figur basi previou case market busi data packag wider nation possibl european worldwid incent busi bui servic desir avoid deal multipl nation telephon oper case attempt set tran border network account basi parti assert market servic nation assess carri isp servic advertis common view geograph market isp servic essenti nation base local loop servic instal fix line order connect physic subscrib consum limit extent exist access market wider nation internet advertis commiss consid sol decis case iv jv refer recit market consid nation scope possibl linguist basi competitor suggest consider linguist cultur similar sweden norwai merg entiti provid internet content sweden norwai compet advertis revenu countri translat great similar languag rapid inexpens requir swede read norwegian vice versa result merger relev geograph market wider nation repli parti argu internet content provid sweden norwai notwithstand proxim state similar languag cultur linguist differ claim differ signific evid advertis procur advertis space combin sweden norwai basi unnecessari determin point competit concern aris market defin narrowest extent nation directori local busi busi parti relev geograph market sale advertis space local busi busi directori nation sale distribut system organis nation level mention languag differ barrier entri sale advertis market parti gener agre nation definit relev geograph market purpos assess relev geograph market consid nation pabx parti market nation scope inter alia local sale forc servic market staff relev languag skill local contact parti point fact competitor substanti activ countri commiss find enquiri contradict parti posit geograph market pabx competit assess deal specif market broader consider effect merger merger bring nation oper prior merger provid full rang telephoni servic strong posit market expos competit fix switch telephoni market strong posit market competit made greater inroad internet busi data commun extrem strong posit amount domin local loop infrastructur oper reason access danish finnish infrastructur liberalis local loop access provis exist countri constitut main sourc competit merger rais signific competit concern elimin actual potenti competit parti increas abil incent entiti elimin actual potenti competit parti result enlarg footprint combin entiti nordic region abil carri commerci practic carri abil bundl product offer encompass nordic region regulatori posit import element broader pictur differ regulatori regim sweden norwai hand denmark finland import differ concern method price regul access end user local loop unbundl mean resal carrier select price regul control interconnect charg norwai sweden post ant impli incumb appli excess interconnect rate implement anticompetit practic immedi prior regulatori approv norwai sweden incumb requir provid level access end user competitor denmark regulatori regim competit end user access includ oblig provid unbundl local loop oblig provid wholesal telecommun servic competitor resel locat carrier select nation roam finland regulatori system competit end user access includ oblig provid unbundl local loop oblig provid wholesal telecommun servic competitor resel carrier select repli parti stress effect mediat interconnect condit impos telia investig competitor point resolut disput condit time consum year mediat requir norwai preliminari step regulatori action resolv disput oral hear parti contend regulatori system sweden norwai act import constraint parti behaviour argu interconnect tariff sweden regul cost orient appear examin oblig cost orient limit voic servic telia oblig make refer interconnect offer publish telia homepag subject formal approv nation regulatori author nra publish ant control de jure oblig nra give approv refer interconnect offer basi negoti parti effect interconnect tariff voic servic set negoti parti norwai telenor oblig offer cost orient interconnect compris access ptn public telephoni servic transmiss capac offer subject ant control legal requir formal approv regulatori author give approv practic parti commiss overst differ regulatori regim nordic area parti maintain fact local loop unbundl legisl exist denmark finland norwai sweden regulatori regim nordic area essenti similar parti deni unlik denmark finland mandatori local loop unbundl sweden norwai materi differ unbundl incumb local loop entrant enter market lower cost worth clarifi sweden norwai absenc local loop unbundl order access end user entrant build infrastructur resort switch access includ call call select carrier pre select interconnect dedic access leas line perman virtual circuit form access equival local loop unbundl bundl incumb switch transport infrastructur local loop result addit call margin paid incumb contrast local loop unbundl competitor access user pai fix monthli charg leas loop form access sweden norwai unlik local loop unbundl provis servic xdsl ip atm digit video case reli technolog control price incumb respect cost base purpos calcul interconnect price parti histor cost norwai sweden complianc commun law direct ec european parliament council june interconnect telecommun regard ensur univers servic interoper applic principl open network provis onp quot interconnect direct quot amend direct ec point made connect fact interconnect cost orient remov parti abil elimin actual potenti competit parti interconnect enabl incumb forc entrant continu reli servic sourc constant revenu incumb interconnect charg calcul accord commun law parti degrad technic qualiti interconnect offer parti result mere fact interconnect remov advantag parti gain control local loop chosen cost base increasingli competit environ telecom compani struggl reduc cost base replac high cost equip cheaper effici equip face histor cost higher current oper increment cost enabl incumb earn higher interconnect margin commiss observ question issu adequaci regulatori system constrain merg entiti futur behaviour merger telia telenor creat strengthen domin posit regulatori system sweden norwai design control behaviour incumb telecommun compani protect consum assumpt regulatori system effect expect prevent creation strengthen domin posit combin entiti enjoi result merger telecommun regul complex task requir care consider regul extens consult industri regul expect address structur competit problem rais merger confirm commiss market investig merger telia telenor creat strengthen domin posit merger control post regul adequ tool prevent effect elimin actual competit parti note telia telia norg activ entrant norwai telenor telenordia activ entrant sweden entri observ specif segment rang telephoni activ local long distanc intern activ busi data commun merger remov telia norg competitor norwegian market telia norg subsidiari merg entiti telenordia entiti jointli control merg entiti explain detail remov activ entrant countri strengthen parti domin posit number market divest overlap interest adequ remedi phase investig case parti offer divest overlap activ order remov doubt consid aris divest strengthen competitor market arriv entrant opinion respond concern concentr relat specif telephoni wholli remov divest present overlap activ telia norg deriv advantag associ telia brand technic financi support rel proxim relev support network bargain posit subsidiari incumb telecommun oper neighbour countri telenordia deriv similar advantag associ telenor acquir presenc region provid financi support unabl provid advantag extent telia signific largest potenti competitor norwai telenor signific largest potenti competitor sweden result divest interest significantli reduc restraint competit behaviour impos telia norwai telenor sweden ow inter alia uniqu geograph posit advantag confer respect regulatori posit term access local loop repli oral hear parti argu uniqu telia telenor compar buyer interest divest parti suggest requir commiss make telia telenor formid potenti competitor fulfil oper gener commiss deni telecom compani fulfil abovement requir compani telia telenor satisfi condit combin condit cumul effect consid isol import make telia telenor uniqu potenti competitor parti maintain kei element effect entri home market telecom incumb entrant financi resourc technic expertis telia telenor parti uniqu financi resourc expertis duplic parti commiss opinion financi resourc technic expertis pre condit success competit telecom sector commiss consid element account element brand recognit incumb subscrib base local long distanc intern network includ cabl network knowledg busi environ plai equal import role determin effect entri incumb market parti maintain telia telenor brand confer advantag household custom price strategi entrant import commiss deni categori custom competit price kei commiss consid custom brand import guarante reliabl telecom servic offer parti recognis busi custom brand recognit import custom major european intern brand bt amp attract telia telenor parti provid evid show norwai sweden foreign brand achiev achiev brand recognit telia telenor context worth note bt chose enter swedish market combin telenor teledanmark trademark relat telenor parti contend proxim neighbour network offer signific advantag busi linguist cultur ti knowledg market uniqu telia telenor proxim network disregard possibl neighbour backbon repres purpos altern payment interconnect charg parti addit evid adjac oper enjoi advantag possibl provid servic tran border dispatch mainten depart technician neighbour area personnel emploi domest market domest infrastructur basi develop infrastructur neighbour market repli parti acknowledg contradictori quot liberalis progress oper look opportun neighbour market pattern typic undertak industri possibl expand domest market quot busi linguist cultur ti knowledg nordic market commiss claim uniqu telia telenor telia telenor meet condit deal busi custom histor advantag oper region elimin potenti competit parti telia telenor repres strongest potenti entrant nation market merg competit pressur lost true irrespect prior merger actual competitor addit relationship mutual depend regard termin respect traffic telia termin substanti portion telenor outgo traffic intern call mobil call telenor termin signific proport telia outgo traffic parti posit exercis influenc level account rate termin charg appli competit constraint elimin result merger repli parti contend repres greater threat entri number oper constitut competit constraint prior merger base bargain posit supplier termin claim illeg offer favour term entri interconnect charg offer entrant order foster sustain strong entri access local loop competit term import essenti requir telecommun market broadband servic nordic region telia telenor prior merger uniqu advantag outlin term financi capac expertis brand imag quot trade quot access network posit incumb enjoi regulatori term norwai sweden domin provid local loop infrastructur major provid cabl network afford negoti access network basi reciproc situat mutual depend network provid signific number telecommun servic intern servic region servic mobil telephoni internet telia telenor equal quot negoti quot access condit telecommun oper sweden norwai denmark finland quot trade quot access network big give negoti power incumb regulatori regim home territori mean quot trade quot access home network bargain state heighten potenti entri merg parti aris geograph adjac observ europ oper neighbour territori entrant market belgacom interest franc netherland bt cabl amp wireless expand interest unit kingdom ireland deutsch telekom main interest austria hungari czech republ factor work includ higher brand recognit nearbi oper greater busi linguist cultur ti greater knowledg close market proxim network inter alia pass access price evidenc fact strongest entrant countri true parti state repli discrimin relat term offer entri caught articl treati nation law irrelev purpos merger regul prevent creation strengthen structur abus domin posit made enhanc event possibl trade entri base discriminatori entri effect mutual depend telia telenor benefit market player elimin effect mutual depend telia telenor competit constraint termin fee charg parti prior merger commiss consid basi inform submit prevail interconnect charg sweden norwai result combin downward pressur regul mutual moder fact telia swedish market grant discriminatori term access telenor entrant effect mean entrant benefit downward pressur termin charg exercis regulatori measur stem mutual moder argument appli norwegian market highlight neg effect flow remov mutual depend exercis parti merger implement effect mutual depend lost oper exclus control access network bargain parti commiss reli claim potenti competit lost conduct illeg parti quot trade quot entri market mutual moder behaviour infring nation commun competit law articl ec treati commiss consid theori quot trade quot entri effect mutual depend base common econom interest telia telenor requir prior agreement abus behaviour agreement requir necessarili automat illeg articl treati increas abil incent elimin actual potenti competit parti increas abil rais rival cost competitor increas decreas price interconnect degrad qualiti interconnect merger increas abil incent rais decreas termin charg degrad qualiti interconnect merger elimin main moder factor prevail merger parti incent reach mutual reduct account rate roam charg termin charg elimin concern lose revenu result reduc volum call final larger area control player incumb ceas actual potenti competitor effect benefit anti competit effect strategi pursu territori remov incent part resist strategi foreclosur addit merger incumb oper gain degrad termin degrad reduc volum impact incumb oper margin merger entiti abil incent degrad termin call carri entrant artifici rais rival cost merger parti singl entrant purpos degrad advantag merg parti possibl quot internalis quot account rate interconnect payment sweden norwai rout merg entiti longer exchang payment call treat intern norwai sweden competitor pai price determin account rate interconnect agreement player competit disadvantag result merger repli parti contend net revenu intern traffic parti small compar total fix telephoni revenu advantag telia negat equal size disadvantag telenor vice versa argument larg irrelev net revenu parti measur traffic countri balanc financi term absolut size traffic import revenu servic argument effect increas account rate interconnect charg result sum game parti obrious effect strategi competitor purpos assess import merg entiti abil internalis cost relev point note entrant intern servic constitut signific part total turnov entrant forc termin major call incumb local loop oper offer carrier pre select call call select call norwai sweden rout likelihood origin call incumb local loop doubli disadvantag entiti quot internalis quot termin origin charg oral hear parti argu parti easili find move account rate chose find incumb correspond competitor disadvantag competit posit vi vi merg parti incur origin termin charg telia telenor internalis merger pai parti abil incent increas termin origin margin degrad qualiti interconnect result merger final order correspond competitor incur addit cost acquir switch transport servic access incumb interconnect point import note quot internalis quot appli cost provid type fix telephoni servic region servic busi data commun provid nordic countri mobil telephoni relat roam interconnect repli parti essenti agre issu relev relat internalis roam charg mobil telephoni fix telephoni conclud merger provid parti advantag relat fix telephoni relat mobil activ gain power abolish roam charg bring level price call norwai sweden attract extra intern supplement norwegian swedish mobil telephoni oper attempt replic agre abolish roam rate face difficulti flow traffic balanc effect subsidis remain subject merg entiti larg proport cost continu access local loop countri termin call increas abil quot bundl quot product wider geograph area parti uniqu posit nordic region relat local access control access norwai sweden legal access finland denmark result merg entiti entiti offer quot bundl quot product combin mobil fix telephoni packag combin data voic internet packag nordic region term condit match prior merger provid potenti provid servic similar basi nordic region result merger remain supplier local access countri repli parti argu enjoi special abil bundl nordic region proposit base content regulatori regim territori essenti clear signific differ local loop unbundl denmark finland norwai sweden differ provid advantag refer parti gear secur captiv home market order prevent entri oper finland denmark number parti comment regulatori regim finland denmark favour entrant regim sweden norwai inter alia due exist requir local loop unbundl countri mean merg entiti gain increas abil protect home market entri oper base liberalis market finland denmark merg entiti total busi volum significantli larger oper denmark finland obtain unbundl access local loop finland denmark oper countri enter home countri merg entiti deter danish finnish oper enter sweden norwai entri provok retaliatori action merg entiti home market merg entiti financ entri extract econom rent captiv custom norwegian swedish market prior merger telia telenor equip prevent entri respect quot captiv home market quot reason need access market provid number servic custom intern call region servic effect provid competit term reason access local access network relev countri prior merger parti incent entri mutual benefici term establish telenordia telia norg establish telenordia parti uniqu posit provid platform parti enter nordic region allianc oper allow ahead notifi form combin entiti singl oper nordic region complet control local access network home market gain increas abil restrict entri oper establish denmark finland countri addit rais barrier entri oper nordic region uniqu posit entiti term access essenti facil local loop nordic region give strateg advantag effect telecom oper nordic region nordic oper form allianc provis nordic compon european global busi data solut parti commiss invok conduct effect preclud regul indic addit market power creat merger parti claim attempt merg entiti rais price avoid decreas price preclud law absenc genuin cost justif commiss point reason hing parti abil elimin actual potenti competit parti cost orient interconnect condit event commiss consid histor basi cost account accept sweden norwai lead situat interconnect rate higher actual cost result high profit margin incumb avoid decreas interconnect charg regulatori control interconnect charg born mind merger regul test concentr lead creation strengthen domin posit commiss prove exist strengthen domin posit domin posit negat exist regulatori control price anti competit behaviour exampl commiss reason prohibit concentr indic exist strengthen domin posit market market assess provis local loop infrastructur telenor estim total local loop capac norwai mbit km telia estim local loop capac mbit km indic import capac hold relat competitor market share local loop call detail telia sweden telenor norwai domin provid local loop infrastructur respect countri vast major connect entri competitor term build upgrad compet network difficult cost replic upgrad expand network sweden unbundl local loop access firm identifi competitor gener offer local loop servic mean parti point local municip stokab gotnet linköp energi bitnet gavlenet own optic fibr network offer internet servic cabl tv line network compar small parti contend cabl tv network telephoni correct network upgrad voic telephoni upgrad cabl tv network gener focus modif network architectur quot cascad quot quot trunk branch quot star shape order high speed internet download work requir introduc tradit telephoni servic cabl tv network involv invest high capac return path significantli costli ratio competitor disadvantag cabl tv network geograph limit extent network owner subscrib base entrant depend consider extent incumb outgo traffic termin incumb network small proport incumb outgo traffic termin entrant network bargain power entrant network telia small price interconnect rais price interconnect impos oner technic complianc requir notifi parti posit rais cost entrant network relat traffic oblig hand telia termin form substanti proport entir traffic argu parti constrain regul rais price posit impos maximum price rise regulatori system disadvantag entrant tactic involv price practis degrad strategi addit regul norwai sweden regard interconnect post consid purpos merger control effect constraint market behaviour domin compani parti identifi actual potenti entrant compani offer dedic access busi radio link teracom rymdbolaget note offer confin small localis custom base network municip stage full commerci oper radio link compani compet head incumb rang local loop subscrib main target high volum busi user offer technolog variant cabl tv radio link avoid problem unabl unbundl access local loop final note import potenti competit network biggest cabl tv network sweden hand telia norwai telenor own largest cabl tv network telenor avidi parti cabl tv network capabl upgrad provid telephoni servic incent telia telenor compet provis local loop infrastructur network consid provid custom connect potenti altern telephoni connect long remain control parti norwai actual potenti competitor includ janco multicom offer telephoni cabl televis network eltel offer local loop access optic fibr larger public bodi busi enitel offer optic fibr radio link access servic appar voic telephoni netcom offer local loop leas line part busi packag argument relat norwai similar develop relat sweden entrant market obtain local loop access incumb network offer carrier pre select call call carrier select access cabl televis network hamper unabl earn revenu call termin unabl pose signific competit threat telenor domin low level entri market highlight difficulti entri gener unbundl local loop access entrant develop market posit incom outgo call prepar invest network upgrad expans exist cabl network present viabl altern incumb network entrant provid cabl tv telephoni internet access network competit incumb note telia own largest cabl network sweden telenor largest network norwai addit build entir network upgrad expand exist cabl network bi direct individu subscrib requir substanti amount time capit cabl tv network medium long term provid interest econom proposit provis full rang telecommun servic indic develop reduc competit concern relat parti control exist local access network telecommun servic barrier entri remain high explain concentr effect remov telia telenor signific potenti sourc competit constraint open respect local network access competitor reason propos oper strengthen domin posit enjoi incumb oper respect domest market provis local loop infrastructur countri provis long distanc intern network infrastructur telenor estim total long distanc capac mbit km intern capac accur nation part intern capac mbit km long distanc capac telenor parti interconnect leas parti estim long distanc capac leas norwai leas telenor supplier network infrastructur norwai includ telia nättjänster norden ab section iv number competitor concern suppli altern cabl infrastructur substanti hand util own govern potenti subject influenc jernbaneverket rail administr enitel consortium electr compani eltel market investig commiss found evid exist conflict interest reduc incent altern provid offer capac altern telenor sweden telia capac hold categoris estim region capac mbit km long distanc capac mbit km approxim telia network capac leas parti custom oper telia capac earmark independ report refer parti estim long distanc leas leas telia supplier long distanc network infrastructur sweden banverket svenska kraftnät largest supplier altern supplier includ inter alia tele stokab larg number municip supplier long distanc infrastructur capac equal telia disregard individu combin access substanti amount altern capac offer market includ dark fibr commiss market investig produc evid exist conflict interest reduc incent altern provid offer capac competit telia present price capac countri rise compar price countri oper seek capac tempt solut enabl capac side border land base connect point telecommun infrastructur neighbour countri denmark finland russia suitabl purpos requir connect water fewer connect point telenor capac price rise high norwai possibl exist telia norg make special posit offer long distanc transport part norwai commun north south direct bring traffic border sweden leas line run telia long distanc network redeliv back norwai leas line close point deliveri work revers repli parti scenario major custom locat southern part sweden norwai fact remain part busi rout solut viabl option telenor tempt dismiss claim negoti tactic unabl rule competit respons threat impos constraint telenor price extent event side lose telia norg disadvantag high price norwai telenordia subject reciproc action sweden repli parti claim action breach nation commun law connect possibl control futur abus nation law commun law constitut justif creation strengthen domin posit merger ahead constraint disappear parti domin market strengthen addit merger parti sale busi custom pass incumb nation infrastructur territori dedic access leas line virtual privat network possibl elimin merger result propos oper strengthen domin posit held telenor market provis long distanc intern network infrastructur norwai undertak offer parti divestitur overlap activ cabl tv busi provis llu section iv determin transact led creation strengthen domin posit swedish market provis long distanc intern network infrastructur subscrib access telephon servic subscrib access local servic sweden telia market base revenu number competitor small market share account remain includ tele telenordia market share size telia domin norwai telenor incumb share market high market share domin posit telia share telia norg tele share merger elimin actual competit telenordia sweden telia norg norwai elimin effect potenti competitor norwai sweden final merger increas abil incent entiti rais interconnect price decreas price degrad access local loop provis domest servic reason outlin merger telenor restrain abil rais interconnect charg vi vi domest competitor move affect telia norg turn caus telia bargain posit vi vi telenor telenordia activ sweden merger restraint disappear reason outlin gener reason outlin introductori section competit assess concentr strengthen incumb exist domin posit market subscrib access local servic long distanc servic long distanc norwai sweden inform suppli parti million minut long distanc traffic norwai million minut sweden gt tabl gt norwai telenor domin market share telia norg telia norg sixth market share control incumb sweden telia share telenor repres telenordia joint ventur market share repres quarter part market held incumb merger result remov actual competit telia norg norwai telenordia sweden telia norg telenordia disappear compet supplier reason outlin merger result remov potenti competit telia telenor bring import element provid long distanc servic abil interconnect incumb network competitor competitor wish transport long distanc traffic pai incumb network call carrier pre select call call select pai cost leas long distanc line possibl incumb pai interconnect deliv call back incumb network termin incumb posit control cost merger give parti enhanc abil elimin competitor rais price degrad interconnect parti seek termin call offer custom deal long distanc call competitor offer paid interconnect rate increas abil incent rais rival cost reason outlin regard local call subsidiari oper territori longer harm retaliatori price increas incumb telia telenor separ entiti price offer long distanc servic support constrain knowledg rais price competitor includ harm interest adjac territori possibl custom incent wai cross border infrastructur mean put price competit main supplier merger constraint addit gear control local loop deal oper seek interconnect local loop control advantag competitor offer offer long distanc product wider geograph area undercut competitor offer remain constrain nation boundari compound fact strong posit respect nation territori suppli underli infrastructur cabl capac result propos oper strengthen domin posit held parti market provis long distanc servic sweden norwai intern intern market regard market suppli intern telephon servic market specif countri pair take market inform provid parti form intern call traffic amount million minut norwai sweden gt tabl gt nation market basi share telenor market share domin posit norwegian market sweden telia share intern call indic domin posit market share show domin measur parti share intern traffic analysi flow intern traffic specif countri traffic individu countri telenor intern traffic sweden denmark finland telia intern traffic norwai denmark finland gt tabl gt tabl demonstr nordic traffic flow repres signific volum traffic merger result remov actual competit telia norg norwai telenordia sweden telia norg telenordia disappear compet supplier reason outlin merger result remov potenti competit telia telenor bring merger increas incent abil merg entiti discrimin parti term impact specif countri pair outlin merger increas abil incent rais decreas termin charg degrad qualiti interconnect call requir termin norwai sweden inter alia competitor rout offer outgo call servic incur charg origin traffic incumb network oper concern depend incumb proport cost parti maintain size traffic border small repres small percentag busi turnov note norwai intern traffic sweden sweden intern traffic norwai parti competitor intern traffic countri repres substanti portion revenu intern rout mean competitor enter countri telecom market hitherto domin incumb evid suppli commiss parti confirm cross border traffic import revenu term parti claim merger impact cost base competitor competitor tend reli norwai sweden intern traffic incumb rout question bundl product call denmark finland merg entiti fear retali increas account rate oper nordic region termin outgo traffic countri subsidiari telia telenor subsidiari denmark finland termin traffic right unbundl local loop access interconnect local incumb regul term comfort know competitor denmark finland opportun retali mean land traffic norwai sweden enabl avoid incumb account interconnect rate result propos oper strengthen domin posit held parti market intern telephoni sweden norwai regard swedish norwegian countri pair mobil telephoni norwai sweden telia telenor oper mobil telecommun busi sweden norwai telia norg grant gsm licenc norwai telenordia grant gsm licenc sweden merg parti benefit licenc hold possess denmark finland swedish market mobil telephoni estim order eur million revenu basi telia estim share swedish market europolitan comviq call minut basi market billion call minut telenor market share norwai mobil telephoni gsm competitor netcom gsm asa basi parti strong domin posit respect market basi market nation parti argu overlap aris norwai sweden subsidiari gsm licenc alloc fact respect subsidiari spent effort fund acquir gsm licenc regard indic clear intent enter market import traffic sweden norwai parti abil termin call cost home market conclud parti merger good posit utilis gsm licenc make forc entri home market entri explain base abandon roam charg norwai sweden merger elimin signific potenti competitor norwai sweden mobil telephoni nordic region concern aris identifi relat fix telephoni merger give parti opportun elimin roam charg bring level price call norwai sweden attract extra intern supplement incent busi strategi remov competitor concept roam charg academ payment made network simpli payment side merg entiti consum sweden order servic norwai vice versa telephon perman roam mode parti abolish roam charg reduc roam charg call made share network point call effect treat nation call undercut price offer competitor forc remain roam charg regim risk cross subsidis traffic balanc addit reason outlin relat fix telephoni merger increas abil incent rais decreas termin charg degrad qualiti interconnect access mobil telephoni subject consider servic access local loop import order offer servic fact mobil oper turn parti termin call traffic norwai sweden parti local loop put parti posit termin traffic convent fix network mobil telephoni ireland current overlap sweden norwai aris relat ireland telia telenor joint control mobil phone oper repres current activ oper irish mobil telecom market telia joint control kpn irish state eircom telecom eireann eircom mobil oper eircel market share telenor joint control esat telecom esat digifon current competitor market share oral hear parti declar divest overlap busi overlap telia telenor ireland remov offer repeat undertak put forward parti section iv divestitur oper give combin entiti joint control mobil telecommun oper oper irish mobil telecommun market give merg entiti joint control player activ market merger absenc divestitur lead creation domin posit ireland oper access local loop network norwai sweden market power oper suppli local loop servic function amount traffic termin turn depend number subscrib volum traffic direct market share local loop traffic telenor network parti point figur includ market share traffic origin telenor network market share lower traffic network ad telenor provid unbundl local loop access major traffic origin local loop competitor origin telenor network carrier pre select call call select call termin network fix local loop access termin traffic expect termin proport base size rel telenor distort element amount percentag point gt tabl gt figur term revenu call minut subscrib number telenor control access local loop telenor offer unbundl access local loop share competit develop parti telia norg regist carrier pre select custom tele custom tele europ custom competitor unabl gain revenu call termin competitor fix access radio loop busi custom fix link oper compet incumb sweden parti estim telia local loop revenu call minut subscrib high market share domin posit carrier pre select sweden due introduc septemb ow disput implement select procedur telia refus transfer custom oper condit fulfil agreement prolong transfer period month novemb telia telenor consid domin market merger strengthen telenor domin posit norwai elimin telia tele strongest actual competitor explain introductori section competit assess merger elimin potenti competit exist parti elimin actual potenti competit entiti stronger posit increas rival cost access local loop network reason outlin introductori part competit assess result propos oper strengthen domin posit held parti market oper access local loop network sweden norwai oper access long distanc intern network market share figur shown long distanc intern call illustr parti domin posit handl long distanc intern call traffic nation territori oper seek offer long distanc intern network access hamper inabl offer call termin servic quid pro quo agre long distanc internation bound traffic entrant local loop oper find difficult long distanc market offer competit price interconnect incumb order termin call case oper reli incumb network call origin depend incumb proport cost intern side unabl drive effect bargain oper norwai sweden oper termin call behalf norwai sweden price includ element access local loop incumb time render effort nugatori rebalanc strategi incumb combin network countri control access final user enjoi cost posit rival replic result propos oper strengthen domin posit held telenor market oper access long distanc intern network norwai undertak offer parti divestitur overlap activ cabl tv busi provis llu section iv determin transact led creation strengthen domin posit swedish market provis long distanc intern network infrastructur busi data commun gt tabl gt parti domin increas result merger increas market share merger elimin largest competitor incumb oper sweden norwai sweden largest competitor tele global mci worldcom sonera norwai largest competitor posten sd ibm global equant fellesdata addit merger elimin effect potenti competitor exampl compani activ market suppli essenti quot nordic quot busi data commun product compani telenordia joint ventur telenor bt tele denmark specif aim provid servic sweden nordic region inter alia custom busi commun solut nordic area nordicom servic provid telenordia tele danmark telenor offer high speed busi commun servic nordic region parti provid signific number exampl nordic compani express interest servic limit specif nordic telecommun merger impact busi data commun market wai concern access local loop concern access infrastructur competitor busi data market seek access pstn suffer vi vi parti competit disadvantag unabl offer equival servic parti capabl offer specif parti control local loop quot bundl quot busi data commun offer local loop servic voic servic nordic region context parti offer product specif design nordic market offer coverag nordic countri conclud product regard constitut distinct market commiss investig found nordic compani express interest servic limit specif nordic telecommun thing equal quot nordic quot product attract buyer choos busi data commun product norwai sweden parti competitor offer busi data product includ local loop servic depend parti need offer local loop access parti increas abil increas cost discrimin reason outlin competitor disadvantag addit born mind explain introductori section competit assess parti capabl implement anti competit practic respect data commun servic telecom servic nordic region denmark finland local loop access regul access local loop cost effect manner norwai sweden local loop unbundl oblig situat cost internalis result merger rais access cost merg entiti competitor incur sweden norwai provid nordic region servic custom contrari combin entiti benefit liber access provis denmark finland termin call countri cost relat gear strengthen posit local loop level merg entiti possibl foreclos competit nordic region parti reli strong posit leas line capac discuss merger strengthen posit combin entiti deal telecom oper privat data network seek interconnect oper casualti limit bargain power negoti telia telenor offer favour term bundl packag includ loop access price design ensur data network oper choic accept custom servic question telia telenor merg entiti render offer competitor uncompetit local call termin concern broader area prior merger norwai telenor network transport servic number busi data commun provid main custom telia norg acquir network transport servic eur million telia norg bought eur million physic compon telenor merger enabl parti internalis cost bring competit advantag merg entiti concern possibl offer pan nordic telecom servic merger elimin potenti competit exist telia telenor compani prior merger posit offer servic encompass countri finland denmark privileg access local loop posit quot trade quot access local loop exchang reciproc concess final born mind telenordia tele danmark telenor establish nordicom joint ventur aim provid high speed commun servic busi user nordic region merger actual potenti competit exist telia nordicom elimin result propos oper strengthen domin posit held parti market busi data commun sweden norwai descript internet internet network peer transit agreement technic point view internet global network router comput server connect cabl telecom cabl telia telenor capac internet purpos internet traffic transmit network internet traffic divid group traffic isp transit provid traffic termin isp network directli end user custom isp network custom traffic isp secondari peer interfac traffic transmit peer agreement result payment contract parti parti descript network broken traffic flow figur show traffic fall categori telia top telia network infrastructur sweden node level telia manag distribut node addit node telia manag pstn dial node telia enter peer agreement isp nation interexchang point stockholm gix privat peer isp telenor telenordia telia sell nation quot transit quot provis isp internet protocol base transport internet commun nation boundari termin sell transit intern isp share eea transit market approxim global market share norwai telia internet network node centr connect telia swedish network intern network telia peer agreement isp telenor oslo internet interexchang point nix telia transit custom telia intern internet infrastructur quot backbon quot consist node europ unit state america telia internet traffic direct sweden cabl system onward cabl system unit state america telia bui transit telia peer approxim isp unit state america european traffic telia purchas transit carrier carrier telia peer isp linx london internet exchang telia estim traffic origin network transit provid termin network secondari peer interfac geograph destin internet traffic telia estim end user traffic swedish domest market unit state america remain europ domest scandinavian direct sweden norwai denmark finland total swedish traffic telenordia telenor traffic origin norwai telia estim traffic termin norwai sweden denmark finland total norwegian traffic telenor telenordia telenor top level infrastructur norwai telenor oper core node level telenor oper distribut node access node telenor enter peer agreement isp presenc oslo internet interexchang point telenor sell transit servic isp share eea transit market neglig sweden telenor telenordia own high capac internet infrastructur top level network telenordia oper core node level telenordia oper distribut node telenordia own radio local loop connect fewer busi internet backbon telenordia access remaind custom interconnect agreement telia telenor telenordia own internet exchang enter peer agreement addit telenordia control cabl connect node telenordia control link send internet traffic telenordia bui transit servic european traffic enter transit agreement telenordia internet traffic intern intern traffic unit state america traffic transmit cabl built tat consortium cabl telenor backbon network telenor own node intern exchang point direct traffic rout norwai cabl canada cabl canada rout telenor node telenor leas capac network network telenor consid approxim total internet traffic direct transit provid termin network exchang peer arrang geograph destin traffic telenor estim approxim internet traffic origin norwai intern unit state america termin nordic countri remain european countri telenor estim total internet traffic termin telia network termin telenordia isp servic telia telenor activ isp sweden norwai norwai take dial dedic access telenor market share telia combin market share fix access telenor market share subscrib tele eunet largest player telia dial access figur telenor telia tele base number subscrib parti achiev higher combin market share telenor telia sweden combin dial dedic access telia telenordia combin market share fix access market share telia tele telenordia mci worldcom global subscrib dial fix access subscrib parti achiev higher combin market share dial access share telia telenordia tele bip number dial subscrib parti combin market share sweden inform submit notif parti market share remain stabl year compar largest competitor tele sourc consist downward trend period dial fix access subscrib result merger parti stronger posit capac market stronger control local loop domin sweden domin posit norwegian market strengthen parti capabl discrimin competitor favour isp activ bundl telephon subscrib isp servic parti cross subsidis isp activ increas profit local loop servic absenc local loop unbundl isp norwai sweden increasingli poor competit posit compar merg parti merg parti publicli announc migrat telecommun traffic internet protocol quot ip quot platform dedic access point close end user llu competitor migrat ip technolog provid high speed access posit place electron equip user premis main distribut frame difficult isp compet larg integr technic advanc network cover sweden norwai possibl includ parti infrastructur nordic region isp left reach end user dial access increasingli obsolet pstn merg parti elimin competitor isp absenc llu llu assur isp offer broadband servic fast internet connect provid high speed access place equip user premis main distribut frame broadband essenti emerg internet applic involv video speech transmiss merg parti decid offer wholesal broadband servic competitor guarante competit price merg parti retain broadband exclus isp oper offer fast internet servic end user result propos oper creat domin posit merg entiti market internet access sweden strengthen domin posit held telenor market norwai internet advertis parti swedish internet advertis market immatur emerg market reliabl inform exist parti maintain posit repeat repli statement object telia activ extrem limit conduct sol inform collect commiss investig suggest accur commiss inform telia telenor sol control seventh largest swedish site passagen evreka addit telia oper swedish internet advertis market site telia internet telia email search catalogu telia yellow page site gula sidorna telia corpor site telia sell barter banner ad sponsorship site parti telia market share sol market share approxim figur contradict complain mention internet site passagen evreka telia internet account internet advertis revenu point complain provid evid substanti propos market share commiss reason figur put forward parti accur addit telenordia jointli control telenor market share approxim parti disput claim total swedish market internet advertis estim irm institut advertis media sek million sol revenu sek million market equival figur estim sek million sek million give sol share revenu telia site gula sidorna emfa account total estim share sweden telia except site mention telia oper exclus sol telenor internet advertis oper sweden sol fact parti join activ sol concentr direct competit effect internet advertis sweden norwai parti control sol largest norwegian site scandinavian onlin market share telenor sol activ abc startsiden telenor media telenor sell barter banner advertis yellow page activ neglig econom signific sol market leader market share largest competitor nettavisen aftenposten dagbladet reason sweden merger direct competit effect internet advertis norwai hear basi argument put forward parti repli commiss consid parti gear increas market power isp control internet advertis market commiss evid form statist studi show control internet quot start page quot provid isp default start page decis competit forc internet advertis market prevent user chang start page demonstr chang start page occur infrequ commiss consid concentr creat strengthen domin posit market internet advertis sweden norwai sale advertis space local busi telephon directori procedur telenor enter agreement divest swedish subsidiari lokaldelen företagsinfo remov overlap parti activ market sweden remov competit concern oper rais market assess market pabx telia activ instal distribut pabx sweden market share approxim countri telenor oper internordia joint ventur teledanmark market share major competitor market share alcatel philip siemen enat dotcom norwai telenor estim market share telia activ telia norg suppli larg pabx estim market share main competitor alcatel share market share magnitud strong indic domin enjoi parti home countri parti strong posit due histor fact telia telenor incumb telephon oper privileg posit connect equip telecommun system confirm high awar telia telenor brand supplier pabx sweden norwai parti maintain barrier entri low exist manufactur want enter market distributor sell parti produc strength diminish standardis pabx technolog reduc produc brand recognit permit distributor servic rang pabx manufactur custom attach great deal import instal mainten sale servic distributor take full respons product servic vi vi custom distributor built reput suppli pabx provid sale servic posit capitalis strength manufactur servic organis distributor parti parti argument threat entri manufactur doubt oral hear parti declar divest overlap busi overlap telia telenor sweden norwai remov divestitur confirm notifi merger strengthen telia telenor domin posit norwai sweden market instal distribut pabx ii televis servic relev product market telia telenor activ field gener distribut televis servic telenor includ provis satellit transpond capac nordic area norwai sweden denmark finland direct home quot dth quot satellit tv distribut nordic area conduct quot canal digit quot joint ventur canal cabl televis activ norwai telenor avidi activ relat technic servic pai tv includ proprietari conax system telia main activ field cabl televis activ sweden telia infomedia televis ab denmark stofa compani activ market content bui wholes right content gener featur market distribut televis servic ongo evolut analogu digit techniqu notif parti separ relev market establish analogu digit techniqu distribut level decis ec commiss state pai tv servic subdivid analogu digit servic analogu digit servic exist side side industri sourc agre digit servic gradual replac analogu medium long term parallel develop tv distribut internet telephoni sector wide expect converg context migrat digit world consequ develop servic enorm potenti growth pai tv ad servic includ internet telia custom base decis assess notifi merger explain main driver expans relev geograph market cabl tv dth smatv introduct advertis financ quot mini pai quot channel advertis appeal revenu stem custom base offer content supplier advertis digit environ access larg custom base import determin success servic provid merg entiti quot newco quot present market power parti result directli respect custom base reinforc benefit full vertic integr achiev merger level tv distribut chain newco benefit reinforc market power result vertic integr significantli increas futur digit context newco competitor includ netcom mtg smaller custom base valuabl term analogu tv revenu futur digit context insuffici contest newco competit advantag result custom base size unparallel appeal advertis content provid abovement market posit newco result unparallel custom base consequ irresist appeal content provid reinforc digit environ analys conjunct reinforc newco posit relat market newco due vertic integr brought establish strong domin posit relev infrastructur carriag telecommun servic cabl tv dth digit terrestri televis dtt strong posit develop internet interact servic concentr content supplier strong incent contract newco newco incent gear privileg posit infrastructur level downstream distribut level newco econom incent invest heavili acquisit valuabl content content provid broadcast order irrevers tilt favour emerg multimedia market scandinavian countri newco incent abil target exist competitor netcom mtg prior propos concentr import player market term ownership content relat individu subscrib analogu decod satellit capac satellit transmiss distribut tv signal telephoni commun servic respect tv signal custom broadcast cnn eurosport canal tv distributor canal digit telia telenor servic includ provis uplink servic transmiss satellit encod technic servic acquisit distribut televis signal notif parti differenti provis tv distribut infrastructur satellit transmiss cabl infrastructur packag sale individu tv channel bouquet thereof parti argu distribut dth cabl televis regard separ market basi overlap exist activ telia telenor parti base argument content dth cabl broadcast perspect complementari altern broadcast simpli reach viewer support content parti submit broadcast sell right program nordic region separ dth cabl consum state substitut neglig custom pass cabl case interest dth quot forc quot dth pass cabl telia submit cabl oper lost singl custom dth oper year parti definit separ market support commiss decis ec ec previou merger case case iv msg media servic case iv nordic satellit distribut commiss investig issu market definit complex propos parti function cabl tv network dth oper provid connect broadcast viewer tv distributor activ upstream market acquisit right content buyer downstream market provis tv servic individu viewer intermediari landlord owner apart build oper small medium size cabl tv network smatv distinguish substitut cabl dth hand upstream market acquisit content hand downstream market retail wholesal tv distribut competit link upstream downstream activ downstream market cabl dth oper sell servic final custom parti view cabl dth separ market contest parti technic commerci differ exist distribut method differ necessarili signific compet cabl tv oper distinct provis infrastructur servic mean physic connect cabl structur build telia network transmiss tv signal case owner infrastructur entiti transmitt tv signal necessarili case smatv infrastructur own hous associ parti addit transmit tv signal contractu respons oper mainten cabl structur build custom side ident buyer infrastructur content ident exist dth individu household instal satellit dish decod subsequ purchas smart card infrastructur order receiv select tv signal cabl parti contract broadcast behalf viewer infrastructur custom build owner landlord hous associ charg tenant cost servic part rent addit individu household similar dth household purchas view tv signal difficulti separ infrastructur transmiss servic supplier vari degre bundl provis servic telia includ wide select quot basic tier quot channel sold owner build packag infrastructur servic connect build intern network telia possibl maintain oper build intern network mean telia cabl network disproportion low number individu household direct custom cabl oper offer narrow quot basic tier quot proportion higher number individu household direct custom parti submit mode distribut unimport dth cabl give viewer access rang tv channel channel dth oper respect note custom pai price compar cabl dth servic individu household sweden pai price sek compar packag tv channel telia cabl oper competitor telenor dth oper compet dth packag viasat expens parti submit exampl individu household cabl area includ oper telia invest dth recept equip state develop expect increas introduct digit servic capac tv channel servic internet telephoni make cabl dth offer homogen increas incent custom switch futur abovement context converg newco propos concentr approv offer packag servic voic fast internet access digit pai tv digit interact servic servic natur lead newco increasingli higher number individu contractu relat directli household complement current collect contract telia landlord build owner analogu decod landlord accept respons payment individu user digit decod internet interact servic pai tv pai view tv servic necessit direct individu contract newco user advantag telia drawn landlord contract disappear contrari newco posit collect bargain model significantli reduc time effort need switch digit multimarket environ abil bundl servic kei factor abil win contract alleg distinct cabl dth due relev digit environ state trend relev geograph market increasingli similar competit structur sens retail tv distributor individu subscript agreement viewer need digit decod landlord longer act sole repres major viewer plai import role distribut chain cabl dth distribut individu contract direct viewer clear custom assess digit offer abil suppli attract broad rang servic custom strong prefer technic mean deliv digit servic dth broadband cabl cabl satellit combin tradit copper telecommun network return path interact servic newco control deliveri form significantli reduc competit level local access viewer upstream market cabl dth distributor acquir distribut content distinguish bui right transmit tv channel bui individu content individu film sport event potenti distinct content form advertis financ tv channel tv channel financ low subscript fee call quot mini pai quot channel cabl dth distributor act wholesal bundl channel bouquet hand premium pai tv channel practic tv channel categori revenu base mix advertis incom subscript fee type tv channel share common interest achiev wide distribut minor increment cost increas revenu advertis directli link number connect household subscript fee reason broadcast seek includ quot basic tier quot offer dth cabl smatv oper viewer oper decod receiv quot basic tier quot offer broadcast premium pai tv channel film sport gener revenu high subscript fee paid viewer access specif channel includ quot basic tier quot cabl dth distributor act agent premium channel set price broadcast premium pai tv channel focu household invest decod mean receiv scrambl tv signal broadcast regard cabl dth smatv compet distribut channel reason view notwithstand wide distribut econom model broadcast activ build requir minimum degre distribut area order maintain profit busi case achiev penetr broadcast fact prior notifi concentr allow broadcast degre flexibl negoti distributor disappear emerg newco conclus number aspect degre substitut exist cabl dth smatv activ telia telenor canal digit downstream retail tv distribut upstream content bui concern reason set question market definit decis assess propos concentr parti content lack horizont overlap accept propos concentr downstream distribut market strengthen telia domin posit swedish market cabl tv altern market definit adopt combin nation market cabl tv dth scandinavian nordic market propos concentr creat strengthen domin posit equal content bui market notifi oper creat domin posit parti cabl dth smatv activ consid neighbour market wholes right content parti state main competitor dth cabl distribut contract directli broadcast market wholes right content present essenti limit sale small independ cabl oper smatv telenor lesser extent telia activ market link market bui content sens distributor content distribut activ wholes activ regul singl agreement broadcast technolog technic servic relat pai tv technic servic relat pai tv includ servic encrypt decrypt tv signal handl condit access system market decod smart card telenor develop proprietari condit access system scrambl unscrambl tv signal conax technic function highli sensit commerci viewpoint access custom data detail agreement broadcast parti provid servic quot hous quot addit provid servic compet cabl tv oper relev geograph market tv distribut market parti larg reli past commiss decis argu market provis dth distribut cabl televis content bui wholes right content technic servic relat pai tv nation stress activ support nation servic organis legal regim differ broadcast sell content nation basi repli statement pursuant articl merger regul quot repli quot parti state market satellit transpond capac european satellit compani eutelsat astra servic substitut telenor parti content repli contradict fact relat telia leas transpond capac nsab time telia made strateg invest altern consid leas capac eutelsat telia swedish telecom incumb sharehold telia reject eutelsat altern fact requir capac eutelsat roughli half price offer nsab sharehold eutelsat provid possibl influenc strateg decis satellit provid reason telia advantag decid leas capac eutelsat provid attract footprint transmiss aim nordic countri potenti viewer area dish direct telenor nsab satellit broadcast perspect satellit posit purpos broadcast nordic viewer involv signific cost relat convinc suffici proport viewer stop view nordic interest program offer telenor satellit nsab invest dish viewer perspect simpli turn dish eutelsat astra nordic broadcast transmit satellit parti content repli european market satellit transpond capac accept reason commiss maintain view express nsd case market satellit transpond capac nordic number parti suggest market retail tv distribut content bui scandinavian norwai sweden denmark nordic countri mention finland main reason viewpoint relat wider nation natur parti upstream activ gener agreement satellit transpond capac provid scandinavian nordic basi contrari view parti parti submit contract distribut content commerci channel pai tv content film sport right conclud scandinavian nordic basi cultur linguist factor consid signific obstacl transmit larg materi scandinavian countri countri share common tradit programm subtitl parti expect newco develop pan scandinavian pan nordic purchas order feed downstream tv distribut activ consequ condit competit homogen parti argument individu cabl tv custom switch supplier countri obstacl wider market definit content bui wholes right technolog pai tv concern retail tv distribut choic supplier custom cabl tv viewer restrict technic mean access broadcast right held distributor view transit digit servic combin trend pan nordic contract distribut right broader scandinavian nordic view market purpos decis conclud exact geograph scope market notifi oper creat strengthen domin posit level distribut chain provis televis servic assess nation scandinavian nordic basi competit assess satellit capac telenor largest provid satellit transpond capac nordic area thor intelsat satellit west total transpond repli parti state telenor transpond suit transmiss televis signal telenor transpond bss transpond technic reason suit transmiss dth televis signal remain transpond intelsat transpond feed cabl tv network suit dth transmiss telenor satellit transpond quot nordic footprint quot telenor concret plan increas capac futur launch satellit telenor canal digit invest signific amount technic facil establish nordic platform transmiss digit tv signal telia satellit capac signific custom nsab telenor competitor specif quot nordic footprint quot repli parti argu telia strateg custom nsab argument flaw reli content telia leas transpond develop servic induc custom satellit telia explain extent content correct consequ propos concentr fact remain telia time enter long term leas nsab transpond concret plan develop dth busi competit telenor leas bss transpond explain specif adapt transmiss dth signal leas period correspond expect lifetim satellit time leas agreement transpond repres nsab capac nsab viewpoint clear telia intend develop compet dth servic content telia custom strateg import nsab accept invest leas satellit transpond annual cost repres signific proport telia cabl tv turnov telia made strateg invest uplink facil stockholm technic viewpoint telia absenc propos concentr good posit commenc distribut televis signal direct individu custom satellit concentr newco control bss transpond depend nsab transpond leas telia includ total bss transpond west east newco control total number transpond suitabl dth televis broadcast nordic area state telenor view transpond suitabl televis broadcast nordic area transpond includ calcul newco share transpond capac televis broadcast increas depend nsab transpond leas telia includ repres total capac repli parti contend number transpond nsab higher incorrect nsab satellit east orbit posit siriu siriu ii effect bss transpond transpond transpond suitabl commun purpos televis broadcast thirteen remain transpond own nsab transpond own geamericom direct nordic region total number transpond televis broadcast nsab transpond leas telia deduct percentag figur parti opinion nsab transpond increas number transpond siriu iii satellit own nsab satellit leas astra nordic broadcast leas arrang end octob satellit plan move nsab posit east move siriu iii replac siriu due fact satellit transmit frequenc simultan total number transpond nsab transpond leas telia deduct claim parti repli futur occurr degre uncertainti siriu iii move east posit factor influenc decis impact propos concentr nsab abil attract broadcast siriu iii posit east parti provid convinc argument improv competit posit nsab present analogu situat transpond need transmit tv channel telenor nsab signific spare capac digit environ exist capac multipli transpond broadcast tv channel telenor satellit technic viewpoint transmit current analogu signal digit format true nsab clear parti argu sens nsab market posit strengthen addit transpond capac satellit posit mention telenor plan add satellit west thor iv notif thor iv plan launch potenti advantag flow addit capac replic exceed telenor futur explain strong indic propos concentr notifi form significantli weaken competit posit nsab question nsab capac larg irrelev assess nsab owner ssc teracom tele denmark nsab vertic integr vertic relat activ perform telia telenor investig newco view posit vertic integr provid satellit transpond nordic footprint supplier offer broadcast bundl servic consist satellit infrastructur retail distribut cabl dth concentr number viewer connect newco retail distribut increas significantli cover tv household telia contribut largest cabl tv network sweden newco approxim million connect home consider strengthen newco abil convinc buyer satellit transpond capac purchas capac competitor nsab telenor start aggress strategi induc broadcast move nsab telenor satellit alleg transpond capac offer free charg nsab custom repli parti contest state hei offer free capac penetr base contract payment satellit capac base number viewer broadcast reach difficult commiss firm view argument nation competit author reach decis disput relev conclus confirm broadcast persuad choos satellit provid basi contract link achiev penetr concentr newco significantli stronger posit nsab due lack downstream integr guarante access cabl dth viewer concentr increas newco abil offer broadcast access retail distribut simultan decreas abil nsab longer found telia cabl tv unit interest carri servic provid nsab appear parti doubt viabil nsab competitor propos transact proce notifi form argu view share telenor shortli notifi transact announc choos continu previous exist cooper nsab promot quot nordenparabolen quot dish analogu dish capabl simultan receiv signal telenor nsab telenor believ signific number broadcast remain nsab complet notifi oper logic continu cooper repli parti state telenor agreement nsab promot quot nordenparabolen quot dish expir compani decid commerci interest pursu cooper promot quot nordenparabolen quot dish argument fail address kei issu action telenor confirm gain viewer dish direct nordic satellit posit event telenor decis end quot nordenparabolen quot cooper doubt impact competit posit nsab signific number viewer nordic region receiv signal satellit investig show notifi concentr enabl newco significantli reduc elimin exist competit nsab creat domin posit market provis satellit transpond capac consider strengthen newco control level tv distribut chain put newco gatekeep function compani wish particip level distribut chain contract transpond capac newco parti argu newco quot bottl neck provid quot satellit transpond capac nordic region base primarili exist compet provid servic nsab kei role netcom mtg buyer transpond capac provid broadcast servic tv distribut interest netcom mtg activ broadcast inter alia tv tv distribut scandinavian countri kabelvis activ cabl tv sweden viasat analogu dth distribut scandinavian countri interest satellit oper leas capac telenor nsab parti argument role netcom mtg buyer transpond capac fail fulli account medium long term effect propos concentr true netcom mtg competit strength includ brand name tv channel strength overst netcom mtg acquir content channel parti includ american product studio sport organis compani extent vulner viewer loyal specif content acquir broadcast futur channel brand mean netcom mtg depend maintain current distribut level basi advertis revenu order financ continu acquisit attract content maintain loyalti viewer repli parti argu netcom mtg conclud number agreement exclus american product studio sport organis argument relat present posit netcom mtg downstream market retail distribut analys purpos assess concentr impact satellit transpond market suffici conclud major contract due expir level protect netcom mtg basi conclud agreement agreement limit durat quot major sport deal quot reli parti show alleg strong posit netcom mtg concern italian leagu footbal repli parti netcom mtg held right septemb announc canal digit acquir nordic right italian leagu footbal commenc transmiss septemb canal digit appar outbid netcom mtg quot major sport deal quot regard exist suppli agreement perman featur market assess netcom mtg abil incent support nsab altern satellit provid newco rel strength netcom mtg compar newco illustr fact netcom mtg prior propos concentr forc accept disadvantag distribut agreement telia fact netcom mtg pai telia popular channel tv distribut telia cabl network repli parti sought challeng conclus state tv broadcast pai telia distribut cabl tv network argument flaw telia domin cabl tv oper impos disadvantag term broadcast weaken conclus netcom mtg depend telia distribut depend increas creation newco view circumst parti argument netcom mtg balanc newco appar strength provis satellit transpond capac level distribut chain appear doubt accept netcom mtg main competitor newco incent nsab satellit depend newco increasingli difficult continu support nsab broadcast move newco satellit fewer custom nsab higher price charg cover oper cost includ futur invest digit capac reason assum parti repli nsab reduc price spare capac increas broadcast move newco true invest satellit larg extent repres sunken cost assum nsab continu oper nordic broadcast busi reason return invest capit gener leas satellit capac concentr nsab longer attract nordic broadcast sell leas satellit oper move orbit posit parti suggest assum continu loss make oper correct state parti repli nsab depend revenu nordic broadcast activ revenu make larg major nsab total revenu situat newco revers custom attract offer vertic bundl servic illustr mention penetr base contract lower price charg newco import cost advantag compar nsab netcom mtg capac broadcast commerci pai tv depend newco distribut telia telenor reduc netcom mtg abil negat market power newco support nsab nsab technic reason reach signific number viewer primarili norwai denmark recept equip direct telenor satellit posit receiv signal nsab broadcast includ netcom mtg lose signific proport dth viewer carri telenor satellit repli parti longer case digit environ custom bui decod microwav head gener agreement viewer decod receiv digit signal impact possibl reach dth custom tune telenor satellit posit exchang microwav head dish parti justifi view state quot lnb microwav head lnb compat analogu digit decod quot parti explain view relev assess requir transit digit compar replac analogu microwav head appar incompat analogu decod parti agre technic switch digit replac exist dish microwav head commerci viewpoint canal digit telia start oper digit servic offer subsidis price custom proprietari decod accept netcom mtg smart card argument put forward parti oral hear netcom mtg quot piggi back quot digit technolog invest made parti support fact view parti content move digit servic reduc netcom mtg depend newco satellit servic accept parti content accept netcom mtg provid support nsab remov abovement neg effect concentr nsab competit posit final repli parti argu face threat entri intelsat state telenor leas oper broadcast capac intelsat satellit west parti provid explan reason assum telenor involv capac intelsat posit west impress capac introduc intelsat cooper telenor strengthen fact telenor appar access confidenti busi plan intelsat parti provid reason intelsat enter market independ telenor face difficulti attract broadcast relat nsab intelsat difficulti greater market posit build entri commiss accept indic newco posit market satellit transpond capac constrain entri intelsat view conclud propos concentr notifi form rais signific concern relat provis satellit transpond capac effect newco posit area produc competit concern downstream market conclud notifi concentr creat domin posit result effect competit significantli imped nordic market provis satellit transpond capac retail tv distribut individu household parti relev market retail tv distribut assess nation basi separ market cabl tv dth hand number indic market wider context product geograph viewpoint commiss view propos concentr creat strengthen domin posit approach section assess impact propos concentr level propos parti combin market cabl tv dth nation scandinavian nordic nation market cabl tv dth separ cabl tv norwai telenor own largest cabl tv network connect approxim norwegian cabl tv household similarli telia own largest cabl tv network denmark notif telia share connect household denmark cabl smatv combin tele denmark share cabl tv smatv includ hypothesi relev market cabl tv distribut nation purpos decis effect propos concentr norwai denmark telia own largest cabl tv network sweden household connect network swedish cabl tv household addit smatv household connect telia network number household connect telia network grown year compet oper kabelvis netcom mtg group stjärn tv sweden line notif parti express opinion market share measur pai tv revenu number connect household basi pai tv revenu propos parti defin revenu paid individu household pai tv servic telia market share sweden state kabelvis stjärn tv sweden line larg variat result method calcul explain commerci method emploi telia compar competitor telia sell bundl packag infrastructur servic larg number tv channel quot free basic tier quot landlord build owner telia revenu sale pai tv revenu includ revenu result individu household pai receiv addit channel top basic tier kabelvis cabl oper commerci strategi provid narrow basic tier consist quot carri quot terrestri channel sell servic quot pai tv quot parti definit weak definit evid effect mean telia custom subscrib quot basic tier quot gener turnov propos market definit custom subscrib channel compet cabl oper network gener turnov fall parti definit telia revenu cabl tv landlord build owner remark parti sought exclud part telia turnov defin quot pai tv quot market take exclud turnov consider basi recent submit figur telia market share greater kabelvis total revenu basi calcul importantli investig shown telia competitor state market signific refer connect household quot pai tv revenu quot telia annual report case acquisit cabl network valuat gener made basi connect household digitalis wide expect increas import size cabl tv network inter alia spread consider invest larger number custom view commiss conclud relev measur market power parti number connect household parti submit geograph concess area provis cabl tv servic sweden mean analogu environ singl import factor cabl tv oper competit abil suppli sought channel program price attract landlord individu household depend chosen distribut methodolog telia prior propos concentr basi control market achiev significantli condit broadcast swedish cabl tv oper includ term negoti distribut tv parti quot carri quot channel abil achiev preferenti condit indic telia domin posit swedish market cabl tv servic growth telia cabl tv busi year confirm smaller cabl tv oper significantli challeng posit vertic effect result propos concentr significantli strengthen telia domin posit newco explain acquir gate keeper posit provis satellit capac tv channel suppli cabl tv network reach cabl oper satellit mean newco offer broadcast bundl servic consist satellit transmiss access telia cabl tv network prior concentr telia abil swedish cabl tv oper vertic integr satellit servic concentr newco gain uniqu abil attract broadcast explain newco capac buyer content obligatori partner broadcast wish address swedish nordic viewer broadcast perspect market restrict swedish cabl tv broadcast receiv widespread distribut investig shown distribut agreement broadcast nordic cabl tv dth oper includ scandinavia nordic area cover right cabl tv smatv dth assumpt separ nation market cabl tv dth relev newco signific activ number neighbour market total control access nordic household telia concentr newco stronger posit negoti broadcast telia explain newco posit impos telenor proprietari technolog de facto nordic standard tv broadcast swedish cabl tv oper licens encrypt technolog domin competitor consequ propos concentr form depend creat telia swedish cabl tv oper repli parti state telia posit cabl tv oper sweden contest exist cabl tv oper broadband network specialist individu cabl tv custom intra build network parti view oper content support fact repli parti state quot telia lost signific number contract quot fact number household connect telia cabl network grown year conclud parti demonstr likelihood telia current growth trend revers view competit advantag result propos concentr find telia market behaviour significantli constrain fear signific loss custom mean conclus pre exist domin posit telia swedish cabl tv market significantli strengthen vertic integr provis satellit servic newco strengthen posit buyer content effect enabl newco achiev preferenti distribut agreement telia conclud past propos concentr reduc competit abil swedish cabl tv oper newco posit provid technic servic creat form depend telia swedish cabl tv oper reduc abil compet effect newco parti submit ongo transit analogu digit transmiss techniqu provid opportun exist competitor context note telia introduc digit servic cabl tv network smaller swedish cabl tv oper undertak signific invest telia made need upgrad cabl tv network digit state telia adopt strategi household connect cabl network receiv larg number tv channel analogu quot basic tier quot mean decod penetr network low compar cabl oper fact newco cabl tv network low level analogu decod penetr expect facilit introduct digit decod viewer persuad make invest system telia contract landlord build owner individu household directli expect facilit launch digit servic repli parti contest provid unit kingdom view oper high analogu decod penetr posit introduc digit decod true unit kingdom market condit nordic countri press releas canal digit digit custom previous analogu equip telia submit figur introduct digit servic cabl tv network parti content competit disadvantag introduct digit servic accept cabl tv network convert digit household digit decod receiv signal telia offer household subscrib digit servic subsidis digit decod explain newco impos telenor proprietari technolog digit decod distribut network concentr implement digit decod introduc ad servic internet connect video demand vod video demand nvod pai view ppv servic attract viewer conclud reason introduct digit servic weaken posit telia swedish cabl tv market contrari fact newco significantli stronger posit introduct digit cabl tv servic swedish cabl tv oper constitut signific competit advantag reduc abil smaller cabl tv oper challeng strengthen domin posit newco conclus demonstr propos concentr parti propos market definit accept strengthen telia domin posit swedish market cabl tv servic dth distribut telenor canal digit exist analogu dth oper sweden nordic region gener analogu dth oper viasat netcom mtg group parti swedish household connect analogu dth provid analogu dth receiv sweden rest nordic region slot smart card swedish dth household quot nordenparabolen quot dish receiv signal west telenor east nsab analogu environ dth household simultan subscrib canal digit viasat dual user tradit market share calcul difficult meaning canal digit analogu dth distribut sweden reach analogu dth household viasat reach household analogu dth distribut sweden nordic countri differ cabl tv distribut signific respect histor cabl tv channel cabl network dth packag offer dth oper homogen tv channel dth distributor viasat case channel produc netcom mtg group swedish norwegian danish tv channel tv canal digit case canal kanal sister channel norwai denmark tv kanal largest terrestri tv channel sweden advertis financ commerci channel tv larger viewership share kanal doubl share year reach premium pai tv channel categori channel exclus canal digit canal viasat tv parti correct state prior propos concentr viasat success market analogu dth servic import overst fact remain analogu decod dth household receiv signal canal digit viasat order switch supplier custom insert smart card decod newco reach major exist analogu dth household dai contractu arrang household relev question competit advantag newco gain propos concentr significantli difficult viasat remain competit dth market assess made light ongo transit digit transmiss state canal digit provid digit dth signal sweden rest nordic region mean compani share segment market repli parti state viasat introduc digit dth servic month reason viasat introduc servic wish reduc cost doubl illumin analogu digit technic point view contest viasat introduc digit dth short period time signific constraint commerci parti point cost doubl illumin signific factor fact canal digit cost explain vertic integr telenor satellit servic canal digit unlik viasat leas satellit capac commerci term netcom mtg quot piggi back quot digit technolog invest made parti digit decod canal digit telia provid subscrib accept smart card netcom mtg event fact remain canal digit short term medium term provid offer digit servic subscrib exist analogu dth subscrib receiv ad servic digit format canal digit conclud number exclus agreement broadcast digit transmiss canal digit exclus right extens digit analogu reason state cabl tv purchas power newco significantli greater pre exist posit canal digit telenor final state relat cabl tv digit transmiss introduct ad servic high speed internet download nvod vod ppv canal digit supplier offer custom servic canal digit strong posit gain addit market share exist dual user convert analogu digit servic appli smatv segment analogu environ econom feasibl instal ad servic requir expens upgrad infrastructur decod suggest digitalis introduct servic reason cost newco offer smatv network quot head end sky quot give network access servic unavail telia similar concept feed televis signal danish cabl tv oper leas satellit transpond potenti revenu extend activ strategi increas number household connect newco distribut system increas bui power newco recit addit abovement effect strengthen canal digit posit dth market concentr remov telia potenti competitor dth prior announc propos concentr telia posit enter dth segment telia decis make invest enter long term leas satellit transpond capac nsab plan launch dth distribut activ competit telenor netcom mtg telia argu decis ahead dth activ adopt independ plan merg telenor concentr result remov potenti competit telia provid support evid argu abandon dth plan due inabl convinc broadcast grant distribut right dth unsupport evid explan impli telia year contact broadcast enter massiv long term invest satellit capac ascertain broadcast convinc provid dth right need start busi difficult attach import explan note telia decis make invest enter dth segment adopt top level manag announc annual report contrast alleg quot independ quot decis ahead plan essenti made invest satellit transpond redund year leas agreement due expir telia unabl provid support evid top level manag involv decis adopt independ plan merg telenor conclus demonstr propos concentr parti propos market definit accept strengthen canal digit posit swedish market dth servic remov telia potenti competitor commiss consid viasat exist posit provis analogu dth servic possibl viasat overcom commerci obstacl involv establish digit transmiss busi counterweight newco futur market posit commiss consid exist evid support find newco futur negoti broadcast credibl claim guarante access major analogu digit dth household viasat make similar claim leas addit satellit capac newco launch digit transmiss strong indic propos transact lead creation domin posit dth market digit dth transmiss event competit concern dth market due reason relat strengthen telia domin posit cabl tv market question left open materi affect assess notifi concentr ii combin nation market cabl tv dth parti suggest assess combin level cabl tv dth view transit analogu digit broadcast technolog accept neg effect concentr differ assumpt concentr involv accret market share addit market share held telia cabl tv busi market share held canal digit dth busi commiss view widen market materi affect assess notifi oper basi figur provid parti time cabl tv household dth household sweden number smatv household similar dth explain complic calcul market share figur dth larg number dual user difficulti market share calcul combin market cabl smatv dth distribut swedish market share telia canal digit newco market share closest competitor netcom mtg fact mention canal digit address swedish analogu dth viewer account conclud newco direct assess household repres total number cabl smatv dth household market assess level newco deriv competit advantag propos concentr mean combin newco main swedish distribut activ telia cabl tv network telenor satellit activ newco posit buyer content reason explain significantli stronger telia canal digit newco posit provid technic servic creat form depend newco swedish cabl tv oper newco significantli stronger posit transit analogu digit servic conclud assumpt propos concentr creat strengthen domin posit iii combin scandinavian nordic market cabl tv dth parti suggest assess scandinavian level possibl nordic level commiss view widen market materi affect assess measur basi scandinavian market posit canal digit viasat remain larg unchang dth market situat similar nordic countri household receiv analogu signal canal digit viasat figur current market share balanc provid similar swedish situat denmark concern norwai finland situat revers cabl tv newco combin largest network sweden largest denmark norwai purpos calcul market share complic appli dth dual user addit sourc total size market methodolog difficulti parti figur basi calcul market share combin scandinavian market cabl smatv dth distribut market share telia telenor canal digit newco market share closest competitor netcom mtg time competitor repli parti contest figur quot annual report mtg mtg offer broadcast connect million nordic household figur includ signific proport wholesal custom compar figur make figur compar reli parti repli wholes custom telenor ad scandinavian region telenor suppli smatv viewer wholesal basi repres total number viewer newco share retail wholesal dth cabl tv smatv household scandinavia nordic level remain netcom mtg note parti market share higher fact approxim scandinavian dth custom receiv analogu dth broadcast telenor satellit chang equip move dish account mean number directli address household newco higher basi newco market share increas dth cabl tv smatv household scandinavia nordic level addit reach household closest competitor newco market assess scandinavian nordic level deriv competit advantag propos concentr combin telia swedish danish cabl tv network telenor satellit activ newco posit buyer content significantli stronger telia telenor canal digit newco posit provid technic servic creat form depend newco cabl tv oper compet telia newco significantli stronger posit transit analogu digit servic conclud assumpt propos concentr creat domin posit iv conclus retail tv distribut individu household conclus inform submit commiss newco basi parti propos market definit control access cabl tv household sweden remain true market assess combin swedish market cabl tv dth smatv market assess scandinavian nordic basi newco control access household exact market definit combin parti distribut activ give newco volum distribut exce posit exist competitor reason commiss conclus combin vertic effect relat integr telia telenor satellit activ newco strengthen posit buyer content provid technic servic creat strengthen domin posit relev market retail tv distribut content bui parti view significantli activ buyer content activ limit packag distribut tv channel investig shown statement true respect premium pai tv content film sport right parti minor buyer telia acquir film sport right recent launch specif golf channel cabl network telenor interest canal digit link canal world largest buyer content canal digit activ inter alia distribut premium pai tv content contract scandinavian right number import hollywood studio includ paramount mgm fox premium sport right english premier leagu footbal nba basketbal mention septemb canal digit acquir exclus nordic right italian leagu footbal previous held netcom mtg right acquir canal respons acquisit ppv right canal digit newco expand content bui activ field premium film sport right acquir nordic right hollywood film relev exist quot window quot ppv vod premium pai free basic pai newco incent adopt strategi order attract custom ppv nvod vod servic expand digit distribut cabl dth premium pai right canal exclus distribut canal digit nordic area final wholesal free basic pai right broadcast develop basic pai servic hollywood studio prefer deal buyer quot window quot decreas cost risk sell nordic right content parti contest argument state netcom mtg larger buyer content parti comparison parti omit includ canal addit broadcast premium pai tv channel exclus canal digit dth platform respons acquir ppv right canal digit canal million subscrib europ sustain newco fewer resourc netcom mtg content bui contrari basi rel size newco netcom mtg newco greater resourc content bui parti maintain netcom mtg larger provid pai tv servic newco order reach conclus parti argu number connect household newco clear leader irrelev argument sustain addit weak netcom mtg note transmit digit dth cabl signal ad servic ppv nvod vod requir substanti larger transmiss capac feasibl achiev analogu techniqu netcom mtg compet effect newco buyer quot window quot attract film right long manag introduc digit techniqu transit netcom mtg competit disadvantag access significantli smaller number connect household premium pai tv content main field interest gener agreement industri premium pai tv main driver expans cabl tv dth smatv nordic region main driver introduct advertis financ quot mini pai quot channel telia telenor activ buyer content sens conclud agreement distribut commerci tv channel cabl dth smatv subsequ sell packag la cart individu household retail sale cabl smatv oper wholesal sale canal digit viasat acquir exclus dth right channel cabl tv right tradition grant exclus basi canal digit acquir number bundl includ dth smatv cabl capac newco implement notifi transact scandinavian tv distribut activ consid relev market number neighbour market gear reinforc vertic integr posit negoti content provid investig newco obligatori partner broadcast advertis financ quot mini pai quot channel wish target nordic market broadcast decis element abil reach suffici number household order attract suffici advertis subscript revenu concentr sweden access newco distribut network newco control access cabl tv household access dth smatv household newco distributor good coverag tv household major popul centr household area interest advertis commerci broadcast distribut system netcom mtg half number connect household regard substitut newco distribut network repli parti sought reduc import advantag access greater number household state netcom mtg stjärn tv altern broadcast includ quot basic tier quot broadcast face difficulti receiv larg number household oper cabl tv network choos charg custom larg quot basic tier quot requir decod telia telenor transmit quot carri quot channel unscrambl cabl oper cabl tv oper adopt decod base analogu strategi typic offer quot basic tier quot extend expens channel bouquet inclus channel extend bouquet offer cabl tv network parti cabl tv network channel question receiv limit proport connect household commerci decis cabl tv oper affect basic fact advertis financ channel depend reach viewer individu distribut system advertis financ channel parti cabl tv network strive includ quot basic tier quot offer advertis financ channel unabl includ quot basic offer quot parti distribut network find larg difficulti distribut equival quot basic offer quot netcom mtg stjärn tv parti content accept parti argument irrelev transit digit environ complet household digit decod receiv televis signal carri signal unscrambl parti contend stjärn tv equal strong bargain posit newco ow ownership upc investig support find upc tv distribut activ nordic region impact abil compet newco buyer content contrari investig stjärn tv upc pai signific premium tv channel grant exclus nordic right guarante access nordic viewer tv channel consid grant exclus preferenti nordic right stjärn tv upc charg signific premium risk tv channel reach remain nordic viewer connect newco distribut network broadcast creat advertis financ tv channel specif nordic interest distribut stjärn tv upc viabl altern irrespect level premium theoret receiv reason parti content bargain posit stjärn tv accept content parti repli introduct digit terrestri transmiss dtt reduc depend broadcast newco dtt introduc april sweden due limit bandwidth number licenc equal limit licenc grant exist quot carri quot analogu terrestri channel addit commerci channel tv kanal canal tv educ region channel licenc svt exist state own quot carri quot channel commenc dtt broadcast sale dtt decod low month parti suggest dtt significantli constrain power vi vi broadcast accept norwai denmark newco control access approxim cabl tv household strong posit relat smatv situat dth appear similar sweden newco adopt commerci strategi gear gatekeep posit sweden number household compar norwai denmark achiev preferenti exclus distribut right cabl dth smatv nordic area true parti stress repli newco attract content tv distribut busi newco depend singl content supplier lower individu content supplier depend newco advertis financ quot mini pai quot broadcast activ nordic region oper financi model requir access viewer connect newco distribut network sweden limit possibl resist newco demand long newco opportun maintain develop busi reason newco credibl threaten broadcast distribut telia past netcom mtg channel request payment carri channel distribut network packag resist broadcast channel remun broadcast effect distributor tier decis mention telia year carri english languag version eurosport quot basic tier quot access million connect household time telia put eurosport nordic signal extend offer access decod consequ larg major household connect telia cabl network pai quot basic tier quot broadcast effort offer attract servic unabl receiv channel languag concern packag brought commiss attent possibl distributor leverag strength broadcast increas digitalis reason increas capac distributor creat multipl packag quot tier quot appeal group subscrib vari potenti revenu broadcast digitalis increas abil newco domin distributor offer favour supplier increas revenu newco abil achiev preferenti exclus distribut right significantli weaken competit situat tv distributor cabl dth smatv product suffer cost disadvantag reduc number tv channel offer custom exist distribut agreement renew broadcast viabl altern nordic distribut ultim creat domin posit newco buyer content tv distribut fear strengthen newco vertic integr provis satellit transpond nordic footprint nsab competitor satellit side vertic integr newco supplier offer bundl servic consist satellit infrastructur retail distribut cover signific share tv household bundl practic extent emploi telenor canal digit canal digit agreement broadcast broadcast attract broadcast transpond capac rent separ repres channel total cost control nordic transpond capac suit televis purpos newco abil engag practic match altern distributor possibl copi newco strategi leas commerci term block transpond newco nsab addit cost advantag newco merger credibl threaten broadcast attract distribut term quot basic tier quot telia cabl network agre newco bundl servic likelihood newco adopt bundl strategi aim leverag strong posit area strengthen posit distributor consid high canal digit conclud exclus distribut agreement cover core busi analogu digit dth digit cabl tv smatv distribut similarli telia conclud agreement give advantag distribut right cabl tv right smatv dth distribut busi repli parti contest find state canal digit telia limit number exclus right advantag right final netcom mtg import exclus right parti content sustain inform canal digit extens catalogu exclus right sweden exclus digit right channel dth cabl tv smatv extens right held netcom mtg surpris channel provid interest grant exclus right netcom mtg broadcast hesit reli compet broadcast distribut nordic area parti content inform submit broadcast distributor telia advantag distribut right final relev issu telia prior propos concentr acquir larg portfolio smatv dth right relev point telia abil activ area indic combin strength newco concentr parti secur right exist supplier telenor start aggress strategi induc broadcast move nsab telenor satellit mention broadcast recent convinc move west offer penetr base agreement newco strategi reduc elimin competit dth cabl smatv distributor nsab effect strengthen posit obligatori partner commerci broadcast consider strengthen gatekeep function control level tv distribut chain scandinavia conclus reason commiss conclus notifi concentr creat domin posit newco buyer content tv distribut wholes right content parti canal digit activ wholesal right content telenor includ canal digit largest exist wholesal wholesal custom scandinavian countri custom smatv cabl network telenor annual report viewer scandinavia offer access pai tv activ repres smatv household region largest wholesal countri netcom mtg reach slightli smaller number viewer telenor notif telia activ limit denmark suppli approxim smatv network gener featur wholesal market signific proport custom suppli telenor netcom mtg appear propos concentr enabl newco develop significantli strengthen busi activ signific strateg import merg entiti newco wholes activ strengthen gate keeper posit provis satellit servic concern digit servic combin posit obligatori retail distribut partner commerci tv channel base strength newco creat analogu digit packag mention newco compani nordic region includ ad servic ppv nvod vod internet access digit packag newco offer packag cabl smatv oper nordic market newco incent adopt strategi strong addit cost suppli wholesal basi packag develop distribut activ low exist prior propos concentr telia telenor canal digit strong posit respect core activ achiev significantli term broadcast competitor express supplier point view broadcast accept distribut parti network significantli attract term accept compet distribut system telia period reduc significantli total fee pai broadcast increas number broadcast distribut agreement period repli parti contest conclus view telia reduc cost due reduct number household decod network comparison made basi telia pai tv revenu unclear reduc number decod reduc telia cost fact remain telia paid averag broadcast figur decreas reduct commiss accept parti definit pai tv revenu exclud half telia turnov retail tv distribut argument put forward parti repli accept wide expect newco propos concentr posit obligatori partner broadcast achiev term bundl retail wholesal right competit advantag newco offer programm packag price provid strong incent cabl smatv oper acquir right newco directli individu broadcast includ netcom mtg broadcast increasingli depend newco retail tv distribut scandinavian countri limit abil challeng newco wholesal level develop newco initi offer attract condit wholesal packag short term cost advantag compet cabl smatv oper medium long term signific advers effect competit newco larg elimin competit compet cabl smatv oper full inform volum busi cost structur potenti impos exclus restrict oblig elimin abil compet provid innov content content provid develop face domin monopsonist purchas content scandinavia neg impact profit significantli reduc abil influenc packag sale content channel circumst broadcast reduc incent invest improv qualiti innov content result propos concentr scandinavian market tv distribut enter digit era prognosi reduc consum choic foreseen increas choic propos concentr creat domin posit newco field wholes right content market assess scandinavian level separ countri technolog technic servic relat pai tv market provis technic pai tv servic limit major cabl dth oper perform activ hous telia telenor netcom mtg parti activ provid technic pai tv servic parti telenor servic canal digit provid digit technic pai tv servic nordic area agreement swedish cabl smatv oper telia servic cabl smatv oper denmark agreement licens telia sm data manag softwar system telenor invest signific amount develop proprietari digit condit access ca appli programm interfac api system call conax telenor invest technolog increas year parti state adopt eurobox standard european cabl tv oper common specif decod box base european standard major nordic tv distributor broadcast context nordig discuss enabl custom switch supplier chang equip parti accept harmonis need context nordig project conax appli eurobox standard investig concern rais propos concentr give newco incent abil abandon nordig project focu proprietari conax system impos conax condit access technolog nordig project newco advanc posit term digit servic telia cabl network canal digit dth oper impos conax de facto standard market number household connect newco distribut system extrem difficult market player introduc compet system exampl newco proprietari technolog lock custom distribut system parti submit telenor charg signific addit fee link tv signal encrypt conax technolog digit dth decod sold scandinavian countri lock canal digit programm guid built telephon modem reach supplier netcom mtg supplier launch digit dth servic canal digit custom unabl switch supplier bui decod telia viaccess technolog compet conax digit decod number decod instal telia cabl network limit connect household parti combin digit decod receiv cabl dth signal produc cost eur higher current signal specif decod wide expect newco conax technolog exist telia cabl network adopt similar strategi digit cabl tv decod dth newco current posit field technic servic includ proprietari conax technolog strengthen control abovement market newco success impos digit technolog de facto standard nordic market propos concentr creat domin posit provis technolog technic servic pai tv conclus tv distribut market propos concentr creat vertic integr entiti combin activ strength telia telenor field tv distribut ultim aim activ individu household receiv program produc broadcast strong link level distribut chain provid newco commerci incent gear strength individu level posit identifi propos concentr creat strengthen domin posit newco provis satellit transpond capac retail tv distribut content bui wholes provis technolog technic servic commerci tv due link activ concern rais concentr greater sum concern individu level distribut chain worri newco posit stronger digit environ creation newco lead situat compani power decid shape converg multimedia landscap signific restraint competitor custom final consum concern compound fact telenor set control posit norkr norwegian terrestri tv transmiss compani own transmiss station norwai futur newco control exist technic platform tv distribut norwai converg media telephoni sector includ approach switch analogu digit techniqu newco ownership infrastructur unparallel possibl bundl telephoni internet tv servic creat loyalti custom competitor offer limit number servic match creat insurmount barrier entri cover entir scope activ iii assess notifi transact notifi transact creat strengthen domin posit market telephoni servic sweden norwai ireland level tv distribut chain nordic countri neg effect follow partli superior market power combin entiti evidenc high market share relat smaller weaker competitor effect substanti reinforc vertic effect result combin activ telia telenor result oper creat combin entiti strong domin posit cover chain telephoni tv sector contrast fact newco competitor level vertic integr strengthen domin compani reduc possibl competitor engag effect competit newco combin entiti wide rang activ advanc posit digit technolog serv signific barrier entri level activ reason commiss conclus notifi concentr absenc modif incompat common market function eea agreement creat strengthen domin posit market telephoni tv servic result effect competit significantli imped common market mean articl merger regul eea mean articl eea agreement iv undertak propos parti order resolv competit concern identifi commiss septemb parti submit undertak resolv competit concern rais concentr true undertak submit time period provid articl commiss regul ec regul commiss except circumst extend month period case note parti submit undertak month period request week extens propos undertak contain submiss receiv commiss month period request extens set natur commit submit addit week allow commiss begin assess remedi formal present telia telenor own swedish norwegian state reason plan merg approv respect parliament swedish norwegian parliament grant approv transact signific debat transact impact number polici issu public interest media plural develop futur inform technolog societi background recognis govern role owner requir pai addit attent potenti impact remedi polici issu includ discuss repres respect parliament fact parliament involv issu ad constraint process fact polit bodi countri involv addit obstacl meet deadlin provid regul ec except circumst relat state ownership fact busi activ parti affect addit commit includ busi impact wider polici issu nation concern requir polit consult public pt swedish telecom regul report propos llu legisl septemb delai impact govern evalu process concern parti plan submit llu cabl tv remedi final parti requir return parliament order renotifi agreement agreement withdrawn renotifi modif easili transact recognis parti face addit except constraint submit undertak compar face compani publicli privat own activ direct impact polici issu public interest final fact parti submit comment llu undertak phase clear cut charact propos undertak enabl commiss servic conduct full proper assess modifi propos includ adequ consult member state parti parti final propos undertak telia divestitur telia norg includ telia norwegian activ provis domest intern voic telephoni servic data commun servic suppli pabx relat servic provis internet servic provis network servic undertaken telia nättjänster norden ab telia infomedia televis ab includ telia cabl tv busi sweden telenor divestitur sharehold telenordia activ domest intern voic telephoni servic internet data commun servic enhanc global servic includ nordicom sharehold internordia activ sweden suppli pabx sharehold lokaldelen telenor företagsinfo ab activ sweden suppli local busi busi directori telenor avidi includ telenor cabl tv busi norwai telia telenor divestitur undertak provid telia divest entir sharehold eircom telecom eireann telenor divest entir sharehold esat digifon local loop unbundl undertak telia telenor competitor access respect local access network order provid technic feasibl servic discriminatori term undertak enabl competitor establish sole custom relationship telecommun custom undertak provid unbundl local loop access effect month date commiss decis divestitur parti respect cabl tv network busi set subject condit impos commiss case effect commiss decis busi divest sold concern includ suffici sale staff product administr personnel exist contract licenc continu exist technolog respect busi term present divestitur made viabl exist prospect competitor unconnect independ telia telenor possess financi resourc proven expertis enabl develop divest busi activ competit forc market divestitur subject commiss express approv prior divestitur parti commit hold busi distinct saleabl busi telia telenor appoint truste subject commiss approv truste mandat term subject commiss approv includ determin monitor manag oper busi divest report commiss telia telenor adher commit characterist potenti buyer report oblig commiss nation telecommun author complianc llu commit final parti undertaken event divestitur complet period give truste irrevoc mandat find purchas busi divest assess propos undertak field televis servic propos cabl tv divestitur remov addit busi activ brought telia merg entiti merg entiti televis activ extens previous carri telenor importantli total number household connect merg entiti retail tv distribut system greater previous connect telenor increas connect household main competit concern vertic relat market cabl tv divestitur remov concern relat market merg entiti retain strong posit vertic relat market divestitur cabl tv activ appreci stronger posit telenor concern bundl satellit transpond servic retail tv distribut servic buyer parti swedish norwegian cabl tv busi signific forc market acquisit distribut tv servic telia cabl tv network concern immedi posit offer ad servic basi digit equip distribut system understood buyer parti cabl tv network line establish practic ancillari restraint demand parti undertak contractu compet divest cabl tv busi period year market test suggest parti replac divest cabl tv activ similar servic base xdsl technolog pstn network limit element upgrad pstn network xdsl technolog tv distribut technolog primarili suit provis fast internet access tv distribut bandwidth insuffici carri tradit quot bouquet quot channel commerci form xdsl technolog concern adsl pstn network voic data telephoni introduct xdsl technolog entail technic problem relat reliabl interfer servic invest need upgrad exist pstn network xdsl technolog high advanc technolog vdsl copper line custom premis parti undertak upgrad entir pstn network realist short medium term assum fund conclud effect cabl tv divestitur threaten parti abil replac divest cabl tv activ similar servic base xdsl technolog pstn network conclus parti final propos divestitur cabl tv network sweden norwai remov competit concern identifi acquisit distribut tv servic propos introduc llu countri comprehens take start point parti comment llu propos made phase comment receiv commiss rais concern final propos ineffect due limit justifi object criteria relat network secur llu propos greatli reduc competit concern identifi telecom servic grant entrant abil establish uniqu custom relat client assur merg entiti remain subject degre competit telia telenor prior propos merger recognis initi main beneficiari llu propos larger busi user context divestitur parti cabl tv activ effect complement llu propos owner cabl tv network offer competit parti telecommun network allow increas competit telecommun market residenti user small busi benefit llu final divestitur exist nation overlap busi set enabl owner respect busi creat develop stronger foothold swedish norwegian telecommun market develop basi llu commit reason parti final propos remedi remov identifi competit concern telecommun area adopt decis articl concentr notifi telia ab publ telenor april swedish norwegian govern propos acquir joint control newli creat compani newco set hold share notifi compani subject full complianc final propos undertak submit parti set annex ii compat common market function eea agreement articl decis address telia ab publ mårbackagatan farsta sweden telenor po box st olav plass oslo norwai brussel octob commiss mario monti member commiss oj correct version oj oj oj part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk case iv decis juli commiss decis ec case iv atla oj decis ec case iv phoenix globalon oj point twist copper pair brought local exchang switch place refer main distribut frame tradit switch telephoni copper line voic path requir complet electr circuit subscrib fibr optic cabl satellit radio link longer complet electr circuit compon voic path light puls radio wave precis architectur system terminolog vari network network countri countri precis rate express sdr special draw right vari depend time dai call made context quot end end quot servic network element subscrib make call subscrib receiv call own control oper type data network frame relai quot connect orient quot connect set data transmiss begin extent share featur tradit circuit switch telephoni point network connect intersect number variant dsl technolog adsl asymmetr digit subscrib line hdsl high data rate digit subscrib line vdsl high data rate digit subscrib line collect refer quot xdsl quot technolog number segment depend type user privat busi segment urban rural segment purpos present assess segment affect outcom segment relev consider measur offer remedi effect concentr type remedi impact type consum group countri telephon offer charg usag basi offer free local call appli countri discuss assess integr servic digit network type network base exist digit pstn digit link custom end end digit connect case iv oj recit case iv jv telia telenor schibst part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk sake conveni notifi oper refer merger term merger regul technic joint ventur oj oj telia norg activ norwai provis domest intern voic data commun servic telenordia joint ventur telenor bt teledanmark case iv tbt bt tele danmark telenor commiss decis april oj domest intern voic telecommun sweden enhanc global servic concert make difficult entrant sweden call termin norwai high price low qualiti norwegian incumb disadvantag potenti competitor oper sweden unaffect interconnect price swedish incumb fact behaviour led retaliatori action constrain incumb develop strategi merger constraint prevent behav constraint provid regul argument appli competitor servic intern call norwai sweden appli competitor offer intern call wai access local loop interconnect essenti element telephoni offer part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk judgment march case gencor commiss paragraph publish ecr section ii televis servic recit part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk report price waterhous cooper pt swedish telephon regulatori author part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk submiss parti quot figur part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk call minut part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk revenu reflect share end argument substanti affect earlier figur part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk increment market share accru merg entiti norwai sweden small repres disappear substanti proport small slice market share incumb control competitor offer local call affect parti increas abil rais rival cost depend offer domest servic countri offer domest intern servic countri combin servic part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk note telia own cabl sweden denmark parti suffici capac take telia telenor traffic denmark addit telia own circuit run sweden finland sweden norwai part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk commiss decis worldcom mci case refer recit part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk case iv tp decis march oj small master antenna tv oj oj august telia announc agreement hsb malmö connect apart broadband solut includ high speed internet telephoni mobil telephoni digit tv servic telenor leas transpond intelsat satellit west part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk telia evalu option dth transmiss conclud geamericom transpond leas thirteen transpond entir beam redirect nordic region inform telenor home page thor iv launch matter brought attent swedish competit author case number dnr decis adopt stage canal digit home page statement quot channel distribut receiv satellit posit mean instal multipl microwav head dish quot netcom mtg kinnevik quot separ stockholm stock exchang netcom myg separ quot nasdaq commiss inform maintain separ list requir compani compli stock exchang requir independ manag arm length deal parti assum netcom mtg group purpos assess kinnevik stenbeck famili signific interest compani purpos decis commiss assumpt favour notifi parti telephoni interest netcom tele section deal servic part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk telia part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk swedish household total pass cabl network locat metr cabl part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk telia plan launch dth transmiss explain telenor plan launch digit servic cabl tv network year juli part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk altern sourc smaller total market parti parti estim underst combin market posit rel altern sourc purpos decis suffici figur provid parti part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk parti signific activ finland rel size finland compar scandinavian countri parti share nordic market remain part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk parti distributor continu offer quot basic tier quot digit environ aftonbladet septemb part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk repli parti point eurosport nordic carri telia quot basic tier quot consequ agreement limit durat part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk telia number household receiv servic wholesal activ part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk direct ec european parliament council octob standard transmiss televis signal oj quot direct quot state oper condit access system offer discriminatori access broadcast note advantag newco impos technolog de facto standard requir act breach direct part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk commiss evalu parti made number technic clarif propos octob term quot final propos quot describ undertak submit septemb includ clarif octob oj part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk