commiss decis novemb relat proceed articl eec treati iv vbbb vbvb dutch text authent eec commiss european commun regard treati establish european econom commun articl thereof regard council regul februari articl thereof regard notif made pursuant articl council regul octob vereenig ter bevord van de belangen de boekhandel amsterdam netherland novemb vereenig ter bevord van het vlaamsch boekwezen antwerp belgium refer articl mutual exclus deal provis agreement associ regard applic made associ time notif neg clearanc agreement regard commiss decis decemb institut proceed case regard applic made commiss june pursuant articl regul maxi bv muiden netherland heard associ undertak concern oral accord articl regul commiss regul eec march octob consult advisori committe restrict practic domin posit accord articl regul fact subject proceed proceed concern agreement vereenig ter bevord van de belangen de boekhandel associ promot interest book trade vbbb vereenig ter bevord van het vlaamsch boekwezen associ promot flemish book vbvb govern trade book netherland flander sign associ januari amend juli agreement notifi commiss pursuant regul vbbb octob vbvb novemb proceed concern system collect resal price mainten oper netherland flander parti vbbb vbbb associ publish book wholesal booksel import book book club oper establish netherland rule associ distinguish recogn regist statu recogn statu held publish wholesal booksel import book club oper recogn reglement voor het handelsverk van boeken nederland rule book trade netherland regist statu held retail regist rule trade rule bind recogn regist statu recogn statu member associ object vbbb protect common interest booksel publish promot cooper book trade widest sens articl algemeen reglement gener rule achiev lai administ bind rule govern book trade establish maintain manag organ fund promot interest book trade engag consult organiz matter interest book trade encourag settlement disput arbitr accept arbitr claus final take measur perform task articl gener rule vbbb conclud agreement book trade organ netherland abroad articl gener rule agreement bind member articl gener rule bind recogn regist statu articl trade rule trade rule laid vbbb articl gener rule object establish standard usag govern book trade netherland ensur observ vbvb vbvb compos booksel publish member alli trade dutch speak part belgium feder incorpor associ publish booksel sole distributor domest foreign publish hous member alli trade present member verenig van uitgev van nederlandstalig boeken associ publish dutch languag book algemen vlaams boekverkopersbond gener flemish booksel associ bond van alleenverkop van nederlandstalig boeken associ sole distributor dutch languag book object vbvb protect interest book trade widest sens requir maintain contact offici bodi interest associ trade requir maintain contact similar associ home abroad view protect common interest conclud agreement purpos associ member promot settlement disput trade arbitr promot conclus bind agreement book trade effort concili fail ensur respect organ servic book trade establish bodi undertak joint advertis promot book read book trade engag activ perform task articl vbvb statuten constitut forc januari addit vbvb constitut exist verkoopregl voor het vlaams boekbedrijf rule sale flemish book trade sale rule rule set main practic usag appli flemish book trade intend ensur smooth oper trade articl sale rule booksel exclus distributor wholesal recogn vbvb stock belgian dutch book publish publish recogn vbvb vbbb year conclus overeenkomst tussen de bonden agreement associ member associ vbvb agreement provid retail price fix publish respect provis complianc agreement vbbb vbvb agreement place sale rule date back content materi april agreement associ replac reglement handelsverk trade rule rule agre vbvb member associ requir member associ compli agreement conclud vbvb member associ organ home abroad main claus agreement agreement sign vbbb vbvb januari concern trade book belgium netherland main provis agreement amend juli publish booksel activ countri member associ countri applic admit member associ countri right oblig publish booksel countri member associ membership open person member associ countri carri busi publish booksel countri recogn associ countri articl book sold offer sale belgium netherland price retail price fix dutch belgian publish convert rate laid flemish dutch associ discount price permit booksel wholesal recogn associ countri book publish countri publish recogn countri sold stock promot countri appoint sole distributor depositori countri countri present public publish booksel import systemat occasion singl titl recogn associ countri articl articl agreement rule observ publish booksel recogn countri carri busi publish booksel recogn belgium carri busi netherland respect rule publish fix singl retail price format titl appear addit retail price fix lower price sale circumst agreement public obtain lower price booksel lower price present reduct retail price publish reduc retail price public circumst agreement agreement state sale consid sale retail price fix publish publish titl mention circular prospectus catalogu advertis obtain booksel impress convei notic intend public book sold fix retail price appoint paid door door salesman door door salesman occup establish branch outlet consid equival branch dutch trade rule allow order sell public list articl rule articl publish booksel recogn netherland carri busi belgium respect rule publish fix singl retail price public time public special price set bonus benefit offer final purchas reduc retail price circumst agreement impress convei mean whatsoev book sold fix retail price prize book prize school offer school public institut booksel publish fix period fix discount laid agreement publish distribut public account public author societi associ sell directli categori buyer reduc price provid mention offer notic appear organ vbvb publish requir public obtain recogn booksel publish sole distributor wholesal booksel sell agent door door salesmen respons observ rule vbvb articl distribut price dutch languag book netherland distribut end mid book trade netherland grew rate annum market book gener interest static dutch languag titl sale netherland titl issu publish year main trader book netherland recogn vbbb publish wholesal booksel import book club oper regist retail total undertak netherland concern exclus publish book account book sale netherland recogn vbbb recogn publish connect larg publish group de boer combo elsevi icv kluwer vnu group share market gener interest book half account remain independ book publish concentr good chanc small independ publish hold ground enter market newcom small specif market sector shown inter alia fact number publish recogn vbbb increas recent year concentr prevent publish frequent remain exist compani trade name larg publish acquir interest bookshop book club wholesal recogn vbbb note wholesal cover countri suppli recogn booksel fastest grow distribut medium book club netherland market share grew year book sold club largest eci nbc member flander nlk boek en plaat vcl silhouett book club possess shop member bui discount larg publish acquir substanti interest club sale outlet book recogn booksel vbbb recogn booksel sell gener interest book sold netherland booksel work gross profit margin bookshop stock wide select price trade rule requir recogn publish fix singl retail price titl publish except provid articl book sold offer sale price discount suppli recogn regist firm suppli firm regist commerci regist chamber commerc exclus retail articl subject matter book close relat articl sold retail suppli gener interest book price threshold fl retail wholesal commerci regist articl distribut price dutch languag book belgium distribut total consum price book sale flander roughli million ecu dutch speak popul million book consumpt head lower netherland book sold dutch speak part belgium bilingu region brussel publish flemish publish number titl sale rise annum number titl come year flemish publish third import netherland publish publish dutch speak part belgium includ larg member associ publish dutch languag book publish flander dutch concern surviv flemish publish hous gener small half wholesal dutch speak part belgium bilingu region brussel belong gener flemish booksel associ book wholesal oper dutch speak part belgium largest hold market smaller chiefli region signific booksel proper main busi trade book member gener flemish booksel associ newsag flemish part countri sell book book sale made book trade proper price trade rule requir publish sole distributor fix singl retail price book except provid articl book sold offer sale price discount price suppli intend resal person resel book member term sale includ oblig appli fix retail price pass oblig resel final purchas stage oj oj distinct made decis express retail price price public price individu synonym rule question structuuronderzoek boeken book structur studi gener interest book repres total educ book scientif technic book trade dutch languag book netherland dutch speak part belgium import dutch languag book netherland precis number import netherland concentr exclus import book recogn vbbb addit depositori foreign publish netherland publish suppli dutch book trade depositori import account risk dutch publish import foreign titl account risk sole distributor addit full time book import scientif import booksel import book scientif work account import part busi except recogn market share netherland dutch languag book publish abroad book import belgium netherland grow rate approxim year stood million ecu half strip cartoon import dutch languag book dutch speak part belgium book sold dutch speak part belgium bilingu region brussel import netherland million ecu countri import dutch languag book establish flemish provinc brussel member associ sole distributor dutch languag book book import netherland import hold sole im port right titl dutch publish belgian market price dutch languag book import netherland dutch speak part belgium price book import netherland foreign book paragraph price determin convert retail price fix foreign publish exchang rate set period vbbb advic convers rate commiss author includ convers rate import book price order rate factor determin maximum price charg order import book paperback import determin price import paperback sole distributor unsold book return import book price order requir exce set maximum price level price book import dutch speak part belgium foreign book price paragraph determin convert retail price fix publish exchang rate set price commiss ministri econom affair basi ministeri order june order make set convers rate factor determin maximum price charg proceed case propos made parti proceed nation court proceed case decemb januari commiss vbbb vbvb statement object announc intent find agreement decis concern contrari articl state prospect exempt articl written repli object oral hear associ maintain agreement longer oper exist paper june complaint maxi bv servic depart store muiden netherland previous lodg commiss regul vbbb trade rule extend includ agreement vbbb vbvb maxi import book belgium netherland legitim interest case requir articl regul decis commiss base argument advanc complain propos made parti oral hear march refer number convers place parti commiss repres case letter date septemb commiss text propos agreement import provis associ undertak maintain respect countri fix retail price book suppli countri associ step ensur publish fix retail price countri differ vat rate price countri lower associ undertak sell respect countri book publish countri fix retail price applic countri member flemish trade associ person bound trade rule netherland bound conduct busi countri observ provis countri trade rule matter special price discount price increas lift fix price associ ensur price fact fix publish import countri book reimport countri origin fix retail price appli enforc associ step ensur publish dealer bound nation trade rule fact impos final price buyer export book investig case commiss inform parti letter august object agreement propos form stood invit repli object write oral oral hear held octob associ consid propos replac collect resal price mainten system dutch languag book rigid arrang februari commis set propos includ point collect resal price mainten book appli year book publish price refer ceas appli year publish individu freeli decid case book maintain fix price rule state appli gener interest book school book technic book exempt categori fix retail price year trade rule mainten fix price publish option year decid mainten fix retail price nation border exempt grant commiss agreement vbbb vbvb affili oblig observ retail price mainten book countri trade rule similar oblig impos contractu term suppli import septemb octob set propos brought commiss attent propos exclus deal arrang base recognit system discontinu collect oblig book trade belgium netherland abolish propos summar term suppli dutch languag gener interest book subject fix retail price belgium netherland publish sole distributor gener book dutch languag entitl oblig fix price book sold public dealer purchas book fix retail price requir impos booksel resold book oblig maintain fix retail price fix retail price refer lift year titl publish exempt fix retail price obtain case time price subscrib member set combin offer credit book token sale standard term suppli shown letter confirm order invoic book subject fix retail price sold dealer place order booksel accept term undertak abid retail price mainten claus obligatori contract suppli book netherland dealer belgium vice versa claus applic event reimport origin countri similar oblig impos case resal dealer retail sell price appli book club satisfi condit agreement vbbb vbvb system mainten fix retail price dutch languag book publish sole distributor countri ensur book subject fix retail price export resold subject arrang govern fix retail price countri export system appli reimport novemb commiss inform parti involv grant exempt propos argument present parti natur commiss justifi exempt relat oblig appli fix price frontier member state price set individu meet held march repres parti involv commiss inform letter date march commiss maintain object notifi agreement letter confirm notifi agreement subsequ propos benefit exempt parti inform occas reason exempt grant agreement object applic fix price sale good case book trade member state parti request termin month applic notifi agreement inform commiss measur stop implement definit parti acced request proceed nation court netherland agreement decis relat cite judgment presid amsterdam arrondissementsrechtsbank district court disput vbbb number publish hand maxi bv judgment held book publish netherland shown bought abroad sold netherland retail price set publish essenti find judgment upheld amsterdam gerechtshof region court appeal decemb final appeal judgment hoge raad high court throw light issu rais case belgium judgment june presid commerci court brussel disput depart store chain gb inno bm plaintiff vbvb number publish defend defen dant order ceas make sale dutch languag book condit oblig plaintiff conform price fix supplier sale consum court decid trade rule incompat articl eec treati demonstr great probabl commiss make power articl appeal judgment pend ii applic articl articl eec treati prohibit incompat common market agreement undertak decis associ undertak concert practic affect trade member state object effect prevent restrict distort competit common market directli indirectli fix purchas sell price trade condit agreement undertak agreement vbbb vbvb subject decis formal characterist agreement associ undertak bring publish book club oper import sole distributor wholesal book seller member affili undertak mean articl engag busi recogn regist affili vbbb articl vbbb gener rule articl trade rule paragraph bound agreement vbbb conclud book trade organ netherland abroad similarli member member associ flemish vbvb trade rule conclud vbvb member associ paragraph bound agreement conclud vbvb organ home abroad agreement vbbb vbvb subject decis agreement bind abovement member affili vbbb vbvb agreement member affili agreement undertak mean articl fact parti assur commiss agreement exist paper claus relat collect exclus deal case left version agreement alter find agreement subject notif refer paragraph termin parti propos parti brought commiss attent paragraph led origin agreement termin affect proceed relat origin agreement restrict competit common market collect exclus deal system articl agreement discount retail price recogn parti provid book publish countri recogn publish sold stock promot lastli articl recogn publish booksel import countri appoint sole distributor depositori provis object restrict competit common market major part trade book belgium netherland limit undertak recogn relev associ countri prevent recogn publish booksel trade recogn publish booksel countri hand purchas sale opportun undertak recogn meet requir recognit restrict sell book recogn parti countri purchas book collect resal price mainten agreement number provis design prevent book publish countri sold countri retail price set publish origin countri sell book offer sale respect price fix dutch belgian publish convert accord set convers rate articl publish booksel countri wish conduct busi subject seri oblig price import publish fix singl retail price public collect resal price mainten scheme nation frontier object effect restrict competit common market prevent effort price competit singl titl booksel countri mean booksel prevent increas market share independ competit effort sell book price fix publish pass benefit ration consum scheme restrict freedom action publish import prevent promot countri sale book publish make temporari perman reduct price pass benefit cut cost consum countri appreci effect system collect exclus deal collect resal price mainten set agreement appreci restrict competit undertak activ book trade flander netherland publish book club oper import sole distributor wholesal booksel recogn affili associ provis agreement bind sanction provid case infring difficult recogn affili undertak purchas sell book belgium netherland case publish born mind netherland recogn publish hold total market share flander publish affili vbvb deduc probabl larg proport book import netherland flander flander netherland origin recogn affili publish subject rule collect exclus deal collect resal price mainten agreement lai booksel prevent engag price competit dealer respect larg share book sell effect trade member state agreement govern trade book belgium netherland lai rule trade remov freedom publish distributor dutch languag book countri independ determin purchas sale channel countri term purchas sell agreement influenc freedom trade member state free competit booksel longer affect trade member state treati kingdom belgium kingdom netherland dutch languag union sign septemb ratifi seek promot integr netherland dutch speak commun belgium field languag literatur extent cover publish distribut book diminish applic articl effect trade member state case belgium netherland effect trade appreci substanti trade flow book netherland belgium book sold flander origin netherland repres million ecu market share netherland book publish flander admittedli smaller repres million ecu mention paragraph larg proport book import probabl publish recogn affili publish larg proport trade book countri govern agreement propos agreement subject notif commiss term council regul propos subject notif commiss term regul school book technic book publish oblig fix retail price titl oblig base provis agreement vbbb vbvb rule associ declar applic distribut countri commiss decis juli case iv frubo oj upheld judgment court justic european commun case iii applic articl pursuant articl provis articl eec treati declar inapplic case agreement undertak contribut improv product distribut good promot technic econom progress allow consum fair share result benefit impos undertak concern restrict indispens attain object afford undertak possibl elimin competit respect substanti part product question regard collect exclus deal system point parti advanc argument exempt part agreement question written observ oral elucid parti state claus agreement connect commiss consid collect exclus deal system make contribut improv product distribut product concern book view fact claus object effect establish system market protect benefit publish trader connect associ question undertak book trade countri recogn regist restrict scope purchas sale countri free develop distribut channel sale method limit hinder regard collect resal price mainten system trade dutch languag book netherland belgium commiss believ close parti argument relat condit articl principl unnecessari agreement satisfi condit articl found fail condit commiss counter argument reflect posit part agreement subject decis commiss wish point decis discuss aspect collect resal price mainten gener assess agreement fix price book inter state trade separ subject contribut improv product distribut good system collect resal price mainten agreement establish trade book belgium netherland contribut improv product good concern dutch languag book improv distribut book parti claim collect resal price mainten scheme establish agreement contribut improv product distribut good concern fix price dutch languag book nation border subsid popular book fast sell book enabl publish place wide rang titl market parti fix price repres secur publish decid publish book secur wide rang titl maintain fix price publish organ book trade prepar stock promot sale popular book fix price make smaller publish engag publish commerci attract book hold distribut side fix price mean booksel stock larg vari rang titl shop subsid cost slow move titl profit fast move profit enabl offer ancillari servic public place order individu custom parti argument base exist link principl cross subsid practis produc publish distributor booksel system collect resal price mainten commiss accept argument cross subsid assum valid econom commerci consider case necessarili depend system collect resal price mainten publish decis offset extent cost titl attract commerci profit made print larg number gener individu independ decis publish set sell price trade publish pursu chosen polici system resal price book set publish final stage distribut sale custom appli recogn regist affili distributor countri suffici publish bring number popular book sell print high earn result enabl publish commerci titl accept necessarili involv resal price mainten practic publish gener interest book gener engag publish short run book special book popular literari work commiss subscrib parti argument connect regard booksel spite resal price mainten scheme sharp drop number gener booksel netherland partli due rise servic shop sell exclus popular book magazin fairli substanti growth turnov book club gener offer fairli limit rang book determin restrict competit exempt ban restrict practic articl matter restrict object achiev improv situat exist cross border system collect resal price mainten advantag market oper decis aspect shown individu decis commerci unattract titl depend public sale book sell expect prevail industri commerci context demonstr convincingli continu exist smaller special publish danger system free trade free price determin evid suppli event commiss consid object advantag deriv agreement outweigh disadvantag viewpoint competit commiss maintain agreement decis relat advers favour effect distribut book system collect resal price mainten elimin price competit distribut titl damag absenc signific competit titl competit price individu titl distribut trade import mean ration improv distribut system fair share benefit consum parti claim consum receiv fair share benefit product distribut book result system resal price mainten trade dutch languag book belgium netherland product publish book concern maintain broader rang titl case resal price mainten view thing fact publish publish gener interest popular book restrict type condit consid satisfi argument unchalleng booksel unabl unwil provid ancillari servic provid full inform custom pass individu order system resal price mainten long earn fair return servic provid reason booksel carri normal busi resal price mainten system deni consum opportun decid bui book price includ servic charg custom booksel provid servic bui book cheapli consum pai price dutch languag book publish countri prefer addit servic oblig pai servic charg servic appar case point wide rang titl avail servic regard benefit consum consum gener benefit advantag ration take place book trade booksel allow grant discount good custom price product consum import element decis purchas appli book product commiss consid consum receiv fair share benefit result agreement decis relat result system collect resal price mainten duch languag book main group consum favour popular book forc contribut cost publish short run titl gener intend smaller part popul assess rel advantag disadvantag agreement concern case accept advantag involv small minor popul outweigh disadvantag major consum indispens natur restrict impos agreement condit articl parti alleg resal price mainten trade dutch languag book netherland belgium indispens product distribut book improv absenc system specialist booksel lose major part sale seller cash carri store result longer defrai cost stock slower sell titl provid ancillari servic consum profit seller make drastic cut number slow sell titl stock publish longer assur sell titl booksel prepar publish limit interest work lead disappear smaller special publish commiss believ order achiev improv product distribut dutch languag book specialist booksel collect resal price mainten scheme entail imposit restrict competit trade belgium netherland contain agreement subject decis indispens deterior product distribut duch languag book recent year phenomenon necessarili question system cross frontier resal price mainten oper attribut gener worsen econom climat commiss believ parti restrict mean improv public distribut dutch languag book commiss recogn import role book plai cultur medium theatr music cinema paint agre parti situat allow develop work cultur longer publish resal price mainten categori book trade member state purpos find wai achiev affect posit book cultur medium line competit rule eec treati attempt show essenti resal price mainten scheme oper dutch publish extend flander improv distribut vbbb rule alleg achiev affect territori netherland convers situat appli netherland vbvb rule parti advanc argument cultur uniti netherland flander form singl market dutch languag book order maintain uniti market make develop dutch languag cultur price fix publish respect territori trade system cultur uniti dutch languag area endang commiss view termin resal price mainten trade belgium netherland endang cultur uniti dutch languag area fact dutch languag book form element cultur uniti agreement subject decis wai cultur uniti regard dutch languag book manifest emphasi form cooper safeguard freedom express author act advantag categori reader leav greatest measur freedom firm involv organ distribut book commiss take view undertak associ undertak conclud agreement cultur question princip matter govern commiss recogn undertak plai valuabl part dissemin cultur commiss member state concern hesit action protect cultur interest refer connect treati dutch languag union conclud kingdom belgium kingdom netherland seek bring integr field dutch languag literatur widest sens make provis measur field publish dissemin book elimin competit respect substanti part product question lastli parti claim collect resal price mainten trade dutch languag book belgium netherland elimin competit respect substanti part product question group recogn publish part collect system recogn publish compet individu categori book booksel compet area stock special servic offer order facil booksel compet price book publish recogn publish fact publish share total sale book small comparison recogn publish largest proport book publish countri sold govern system collect resal price mainten booksel compet price titl form competit stock special servic offer order facil regard secondari price competit point view consum interest highli special book booksel competit elimin respect substanti part product question conclus affect fact degre price competit exist publish competit kind case limit small number titl seri rule book complet origin work written author inspir time write compar number case author subject creativ princip featur object inform book intend convei book cover ground extent regard substitut constitut singl market work account limit share total number book market condit articl satisfi agreement notifi exempt prohibit articl iv applic articl regul articl regul state commiss applic initi find infring articl eec treati decis requir undertak associ undertak concern bring infring end explain notifi agreement vbbb vbvb infring articl associ undertak concern requir bring infring end forthwith formal manner ensur clear firm oper book trade restrict competit trade dutch languag book belgium netherland laid agreement vbbb vbvb fact brought end associ undertak concern requir inform member affili parti recogn regist write end restrict set practic effect term trade book carri belgium netherland propos notic effect submit commiss month receipt decis adopt decis articl agreement vereenig ter bevord van de belangen de boekhandel vereenig ter bevord van het vlaamsch boekwezen conclud januari amend juli make provis collect exclus deal collect resal price mainten trade book belgium netherland infring articl treati establish european econom commun articl applic exempt agreement articl treati establish european econom commun dismiss articl associ undertak refer articl bring infring refer articl end forthwith articl associ undertak refer articl inform member affili parti recogn regist write decis fact restrict competit laid agreement refer articl brought end state practic effect term trade book carri belgium netherland submit propos notic effect commiss month receipt decis articl decis address associ undertak vereenig ter bevord van de belangen de boekhandel postbu nl al amsterdam vereenig ter bevord van het vlaamsch boekwezen frankrijklei bu antwerpen brussel novemb commiss fran andriessen member commiss