commiss decis march relat proceed pursuant articl eec treati iv newitt dunlop slazeng intern english dutch text authent eec commiss european commun regard treati establish european econom commun regard council regul februari regul implement articl treati amend act access spain portug articl thereof regard applic submit march newitt amp unit kingdom request commiss find pursuant articl regul dunlop slazeng intern unit kingdom exclus distributor infring articl treati regard decis commiss initi proceed case undertak concern opportun heard matter commiss object accord articl regul commiss regul eec juli hear provid articl council regul consult advisori committe restrict practic domin posit fact parti dsi btr group dunlop slazeng intern dsi compani incorpor british law control btr plc group activ cover sector dsi concern group activ relat manufactur distribut sport good engag activ worldwid turnov million ecu million turnov btr group million ecu million newitt newitt amp newitt compani incorpor british law wholesal retail sport good turnov million ecu million newitt main parallel export main parallel export dsi product weather sport weather sport bv aw time fact dsi exclus distributor dunlop brand benelux countri turnov hfl million ecu million aw purchas manag group buehrmann tetterod nederland bv control weather sport benelux bv pinguin sport pinguin sport bv pinguin time fact dsi exclus distributor slazeng brand netherland turnov slazeng product amount hfl million ecu million ii newitt complaint march newitt complain commiss dsi mean measur notabl price imped export tenni ball squash ball member state order protect exclus distribut network member state newitt claim dsi domin posit market tenni squash ball act order ensur complianc distribut agreement infring articl articl treati iii main product market tenni ball tenni ball market oligopolist manufactur account commun market annex dsi account dunlop slazeng dunlop franc penn tretorn wilson sale tretorn dunlop franc virtual confin europ main produc world level wilson penn dsi wilson penn share market dsi lead european market consider margin technolog barrier entri oligopolist natur tenni ball market appear due barrier econom natur import brand imag product type obstacl difficult overcom introduc market high level mean systemat expens sponsor major tournament manufactur mean widespread system offici recognit tenni ball feder recognit confer basi financi contribut manufactur offici distributor squash ball structur squash ball market character domin virtual monopoli countri dsi share commun market share unit kingdom ireland spain annex real competitor squash ball elastom technolog pty australia manufactur merco ball hold approxim commun market product dsi manufactur distribut larg varieti sport equip includ cloth shoe product homogen number manufactur greater competit stronger case articl tenni racket golf equip concentr greater dsi lead manufactur case good iv dsi distribut system distribut network dsi appoint distributor unit kingdom busi direct retail segment market sell limit number wholesal member state dsi network exclus distributor albeit dunlop slazeng brand oper group compani distribut agreement differ formal dsi distribut agreement broadli similar type oblig impos territori represent agreement exclus distribut agreement differ exclus distributor princip distributor repres essenti terminolog distributor concern alloc territori hold exclus distribut right dunlop slazeng brand engag activ sell written term agreement prohibit passiv sell absolut territori protect rest term agreement usual line standard exclus distribut agreement price polici dsi price list product uk market trade price list export market export price list gener offer lower price annex overview extent differ list repres tenni squash ball period show export price except consist lower uk domest price tenni squash ball extent price differ vari year year greater squash ball tenni ball similar analysi sampl dsi product tenni squash racket ping pong bat ball tabl sport bag show uk domest price product fairli larg variat exclud appreci higher export price dispar order case reach dsi exclus distributor commun charg export price inform provid dsi repli request inform standard discount emerg fact discount gener larger barrier erect dsi export product summari dsi pursu commerci polici gener prohibit export dsi erect seri specif barrier export product princip exclus tenni ball tenni racket member state notabl benelux countri collabor exclus distributor countri purpos protect distribut network parallel import barrier consist ban export dsi agreement specif refus fill order price measur uk dealer prevent export competit rate bui back low price parallel export prevent undermin price dsi offici distribut network mark product identifi origin final destin tenni feder label promot dsi offici distribut network measur appli sole newitt necessarili aim newitt ident export outset measur view context dsi gener polici prohibit export countri exclus distributor export ban evid year dunlop sold product uk wholesal condit export letter date decemb dunlop sport compani asset dsi newitt statement emphas offer made understand good offer normal retail premis export bulk oversea prior permiss outlet uk resal compani dunlop sport compani trade account practic export toler complain long period dunlop confin newitt issu number formal protest take specif action dsi chang attitud pressur brought bear newitt concret action august accept order newitt dsi ad letter confirm order confirm export polici simpli allow shipment world market local legal distributor agreement suppli parti breach contract poor commerci practic essenc european market cover agreement meet dsi inform newitt complaint made aw exclus distributor dunlop product benelux countri parallel import dunlop product announc intent put end practic letter date june newitt dsi measur prevent parallel export direct export dunlop slazeng product prohibit product specif agre dsi event newitt receiv export enquiri pass dsi individu consider circumst order dealt directli dsi commiss newitt subsequ letter state type oper involv countri african market export account open newitt dsi book close sale newitt place uk sale account handl uk sale offic invoic basi uk domest price letter suggest meet held discuss wai dsi achiev greater control unwelcom cross frontier trade europ uk holland franc germani refus suppli octob dsi refus suppli larg order newitt tenni ball dozen worth total intend dispatch franc reiter polici export consider difficulti experienc substanti quantiti ball sold newitt franc export netherland belgium face obstacl erect dsi export product newitt sought altern sourc suppli sourc tenni ball found unit state dsi attempt identifi sourc suppli time dsi put pressur newitt decid june place embargo deliveri acknowledg measur dsi reach view newitt longer respect posit distributor europ btr dsi hold compani deni question make ban perman total end newitt manag obtain suppli tenni ball dsi subsidiari januari compani stop suppli newitt due adjust polici price measur price list discount grant uk wholesal dsi abovement letter date june prohibit newitt export approv announc chang price charg discount grant newitt squash ball switch export price list substanti cheaper newitt access discount domest price list discount meant newitt purchas price jump sharpli colour squash ball black squash ball similar price discount affect tenni ball previous charg export price minu discount principl newitt charg uk domest price minu discount subsequ negoti reduc impact measur compar price charg number dsi exclus distributor illustr annex price charg newitt higher charg distributor gradual rose higher annex letter date septemb refer propos newitt resumpt normal busi relat embargo impos order btr newitt entitl export price specif export order name custom discount account respons born relev territori di distributor measur support exclus distributor case dsi back price measur take specif measur support exclus distributor ad hoc price reduct compens inadequ profit margin order ratio price charg exclus distribut network price charg uk export suffici low prevent export bui back parallel export parallel import dunlop max racket put sale low price dutch chain shop complaint aw dsi undertook contribut financi total bui back racket aw racket compens exclus distributor differ bui back price paid shop question price aw paid racket dsi oper widespread advertis promot campaign support financi dsi aim public bui back establish retail trade confid dsi distribut network bui back appar end max model sold kwantum mark product identif code appar dsi start place identif code product tenni racket enabl identifi origin parallel import measur elimin mark purpos dsi special mark tenni ball tin process complain allow dsi identifi final destin tenni ball sold tenni feder label exclus distributor technic approv tenni ball take place intern tenni feder level ball meet technic standard laid itf approv subject payment fix amount cover cost test analys approv ball design grade tenni ball recogn suitabl tournament match nation tenni feder appli term level approv select base pure financi criteria return payment fix amount case basi negoti bid procedur brand tenni ball label offici ball individu nation feder offici ball major tournament organ wimbledon roland garro label tin print ball label offici ball case includ descript ball select recommend feder addit promot advantag label repres offici ball gener competit organ feder respons parallel import flood dutch market dsi decid print label knltb offici fort ball knltb initi dutch tenni feder place sticker bear messag tin ad legend approv recommend tenni ball mean approv recommend knltb understood ball tin suppli dsi exclus distribut network netherland similar mark ad belgium vi role plai dsi exclus distributor determin polici investig carri novemb premis aw dsi exclus distributor dunlop product benelux countri reveal activ part aw support dsi export polici countri investig carri novemb pinguin dsi exclus distributor slazeng netherland reveal pinguin plai passiv role polici aw basi document obtain abovement investig role plai aw consist essenti inform dsi flow parallel import benelux countri help identifi origin encourag dsi step end import particip implement measur product involv concert practic dsi aw chiefli exclus tenni ball tenni racket ad golf equip squash ball respect role plai aw dsi detail statement object recit decis summari exchang inform pressur dsi numer document obtain premis aw show close collabor aw dsi identifi origin parallel import netherland belgium elimin end aw regularli inform dsi immin arriv sale low price dutch market parallel import dunlop product countri inform gener transmit form complaint aw accus dsi control distribut channel point occas control condit collabor aw frequent accompani complaint threat threat stop busi dsi threat place plan order return unsold stock awar aw inform dsi countri origin parallel import ident parallel import inform identif document show dsi action gener rapidli complaint distributor sought activ identifi origin parallel import complain channel good import take specif measur respect codif mark sourc identifi dsi attempt mean elimin import stage process dsi turn request aw collabor stop suppli newitt dsi export ban intend provid gener protect exclus distribut network document complain alleg deni dsi show aw plai role stop suppli newitt announc intend put end parallel import dsi refer aw complaint made refer question ball sold newitt franc export netherland belgium refus octob suppli order newitt dispatch franc respons complaint aw arriv dutch market dunlop ball origin unit state dsi sought identifi sourc sourc question american subsidiari stop suppli newitt price measur document obtain investig carri aw show price measur dsi british trader respons complaint made aw price dunlop product import parallel channel netherland lower charg aw aw want ratio set wide sold tenni ball tenni racket case uk domest price price charg ratio enabl sell netherland price equal net purchas price uk parallel export aim remov incent export take account net trade margin want reserv transport cost aw view net price allow equal net domest price charg british trader net purchas price uk trader aw sell price netherland aw net trade margin transport cost aw net purchas price dsi accept aw propos stood found rigid request discuss examin figur inform aw net price charg newitt tenni ball risen dozen order make export imposs meet held fairli lengthi negoti aw demand introduct fix ratio dsi decid increas uk domest price gener increas addit lowest uk net trade price charg newitt uk trader convers reduc temporarili net price charg aw aw charg lowest price dunlop fort ball solut intend theori make parallel import imposs gener evid annex index price charg newitt compar charg aw rose fall document show similar measur involv set ad hoc price intend elimin parallel import remov commerci advantag time maintain aw profit margin desir level collabor dsi aw respect product tenni racket golf equip make dissuas price differ perman price suppos move parallel charg uk wholesal lastli mention dsi close export account uk trader aw state measur result tough posit bui back product export parallel channel document show propos aw dsi decid contribut financi bui back parallel import dunlop max racket chain shop recit mark product identif code dsi practic mark tenni racket identif code recit directli due pressur exercis aw predat pressur document show consign racket import parallel channel appear dutch belgian market aw note code pass dsi purpos identifi export recit mark document obtain show aw plai activ role mark tenni ball tin recit context oper place leav doubt repres dsi respons complaint made aw exclus distributor recit view identifi parallel export reserv tenni feder label implement measur recit due dsi document obtain show repres agin respons made aw complaint document show promot effect anticip aw measur intend facilit identif parallel import cost stamp initi born dsi major advertis campaign accompani oper miscellan document show request protect necessarili eman exclus aw dsi dsi ask aw suppli squash ball export unit kingdom low price pinguin letter date august dsi inform aw pinguin distributor commiss receiv complaint newitt action resal product newitt uk ask aw pinguin contact commiss make respons contact dsi ensur respons provid coordin margin letter pinguin repli don suppli newitt make arrang make arrang imposs newitt don busi pirat trader newitt harm mutual busi hundr thousand pound past vii conduct undertak concern complaint newitt statement object commiss dsi inform complaint newitt june letter date june clear warn commiss letter date octob dsi alter conduct justifi commiss ground oblig support exclus distributor view specif respons bore letter date novemb august letter exclus distributor warn investig initi commiss make respons commiss contact dsi end begin american subsidiari stop suppli newitt receiv commiss statement object dsi written juli oral hear octob repli acknowledg measur newitt uk export constitut infring articl treati gave undertak respect futur action aw pinguin written juli oral hear octob repli aw acknowledg fact outlin commiss deni except constitut infring articl treati pinguin repli statement object viii develop newitt export dsi product account larg proport newitt export commun fell turnov rose period export dsi product commun account turnov compar regard tenni ball estim export dozen dsi tenni ball commun newitt export legal assess articl barrier erect dsi export product unilater act dsi regard integr frequent unwritten part distribut sale agreement result concert action dsi distributor barrier direct object effect restrict competit affect trade member state agreement concert practic restrict competit ban export recit letter dsi newitt letter date august confirm dsi export polici simpli allow shipment world market local legal distributor agreement dsi exclus distribut system unwritten claus dsi undertak provid exclus distributor absolut territori protect sale agreement dsi retail distributor unwritten condit sale prohibit export territori distributor unwritten claus natur object restrict competit imped trade member state breach articl elimin scope econom oper engag parallel export result share market dunlop slazeng product dsi exclus distributor creat prerequisit differenti price polici dsi letter august letter date octob stipul gener export ban cover europ dsi member state exclus distributor subsidiari branch perform function btr letter date septemb respons commiss commun newitt complaint alter gener export ban possibl export establish pure formal condit introduc remov real incent econom oper export price charg determin respons dsi exclus distributor countri destin word basi profit margin fix distributor fact oblig export reveal ident final custom oblig decis case law commiss court justic oppos liabl jeopard goodwil busi base refus suppli recit refus fill larg order newitt tenni ball franc octob embargo albeit temporari suppli compani june subsequ stop suppli american subsidiari measur design put end newitt export continu dsi ban recit refus suppli result concert practic dsi aw export ban govern dsi sale agreement uk trader articl prohibit agreement concert practic direct object effect restrict competit affect trade member state prevent dutch consum benefit lower price charg dsi exclus distributor document obtain premis pinguin show urg dsi stop suppli newitt arrang word text conclud arrang restrict newitt freedom export concert practic breach articl written oral repli statement object dsi deni impos perman export ban acknowledg occas measur respect countri exclus distributor acknowledg refus suppli newitt order franc aw request action american subsidiari stop suppli newitt regret measur incorrect take view matter dealt mechan price discount adjust accept commiss recit price measur recit fact dsi longer allow newitt benefit export price reduc discount grant newitt constitut measur aim prevent newitt remain competit relat dsi exclus distributor export market measur effect increas newitt purchas price case articl efect prevent continu export dsi product tenni squash ball commun countri compel seek altern sourc suppli countri outlin recit measur infring articl result close collabor dsi und aw level price charg newitt specif calcul remov incent compani continu export benelux countri enabl aw retain artifici profit margin dsi product concern document show imposs rais price charg british export commerci reason parallel import place dsi case subsid product aw byx cover part loss loss profit result special price aw oblig charg order combat parallel import ad hoc measur consid measur equival effect higher price charg british export written oral repli statement object dsi defend abovement price measur refer specif cost born exclus distributor born parallel export argu measur newitt intend put end unfair commerci unjustifi advantag origin sought degre manag laxiti prior takeov dsi btr commiss accept argument reason firstli appar annex price charg newitt measur gave unfair advantag volum involv dsi major wholesal sell virtual exclus uk market entir period net price charg newitt significantli higher charg aw annex contrari measur affect newitt purchas price exceed charg smaller firm annex dissuas level compar dsi exclus distributor annex point fact discriminatori charact specif cost refer dsi cite hear properli deriv function exclus distributor cost normal cost born distribut firm scale primarili link volum turnov cost scale dsi exclus distributor bear compar independ firm relat advertis promot expenditur brand turnov aw firstli note expenditur partli financ dsi make consider contribut addit expenditur benefit exclus distributor titl exclus offici distributor broadli brand advertis promot measur specif cost counterbalanc specif benefit rate view specif cost born exclus distributor larg offset grant exclus constitut kei commerci advantag justifi addit applic exclus distributor special price intend protect parallel import lastli point document obtain aw show econom consider claim dsi written oral repli statement object guid measur parallel export set rel price uk firm exclus distributor base respect commerci import amount specif cost refer dsi rel price set precis collus aw level remov incent british firm continu export criterion inend prevent parallel import consider aw part maintain dsi decid increas price charg unit kingdom trader sought reduc purchas price stimul competit abundantli evid aw request intend obtain pruchas price econom justifi level set artifici ratio price charg british firm order contrari prevent competit bui back parallel import recit recit repurchas aw parallel import low price tenni racket sale dutch chain store reimburs dsi differ bui back price paid aw price paid dsi carri aw request involv close collabor compani concert practic design protect aw competit enabl maintain high level price prevent consum benefit cheaper price charg parallel export infring articl appli advertis promot campaign organ aw support dsi intend heighten dissuas effect bui back oper product mark recit dsi mark product code mark order make easier identifi parallel export view termin activ dsi acknowledg oper document obtain aw show aw activ particip effort identifi export concert practic aim protect dsi distribut network parallel import infring articl tenni feder label benefit exclus distributor recit print initi dutch tenni feder knltb offici tenni ball sold aw sticker bear messag legend approv recommend tenni ball tin intend achiev object intend hand facilit allow identif trace ball import parallel channel dsi aw give dsi exclus distribut network edg competitor induc consum erron ball distribut network met technic standard supposedli impos feder incident higher price charg justifi measur regard constitut concert practic infring articl dsi implement bore financi cost respons urgent request aw identifi halt parallel import benelux countri exclus agreement knltb aw aw refer written repli statement object alter fact situat question compat exclus agreement articl question commiss express opinion case knowledg exist agreement consid concert framework exclus distribut agreement intellectu properti sole aim imped parallel import constitut infring articl effect trade member state ban export contain dsi distribut agreement condit sale direct object imped trade member state ban gener concern dsi product commun countri view dsi import market sport equip market tenni squash golf equip effect trade member state appreci concert practic dsi aw aim elimin parallel import benelux countri object imped trade member state case enabl import halt cancel effect price prevent consum countri enjoi lower price charg aw concert practic led virtual elimin export newitt dunlop product member state parallel export uk trader ii regul eec articl regul eec exclus distribut agreement gener exempt prohibit laid articl fulfil condit set regul exclus distribut agreement conclud dsi qualifi block exempt impos parti oblig liabl restrict competit restrict author articl regul accompani unwritten claus give absolut territori protect dsi distributor implement agreement involv concert practic provis agreement concert practic caught articl regul iii articl dsi distribut agreement unit kingdom member state notifi commiss qualifi individu exempt event notifi qualifi exempt view export ban aim total territori protect indispens effect dsi distribut system iv articl regul pursuant articl regul commiss find infring articl requir decis undertak concern bring infring end dsi requir termin export ban govern sale agreement unit kingdom absolut territori protect includ exclus distribut agreement member state requir termin measur notabl price appli newitt uk trader view prevent export protect exclus distributor articl regul pursuant articl regul commiss decis impos fine ecu sum excess thereof exceed turnov previou busi year undertak intention neglig infring articl set amount fine regard graviti durat infring dsi unawar export ban appli product member state govern distribut agreement condit sale infring articl court justic commiss regard ban undermin fundament object eec treati infrngement dsi aw unawar appli concert practic emploi order prevent parallel import benelux countri fine impos dsi aw commun newitt complaint dsi june formal warn commiss octob restrict export induc dsi chang behaviour respons commun newitt complaint dsi appear evok dsi letter distributor august request coordin repli question commiss written oral repli statement object contrast dsi acknowledg number measur constitut infring competit rule regret announc seri correct measur instruct staff exclus distributor distribut agreement condit sale time made clear intent continu protect exclus distributor system differenti price discount account fact infring commit dsi date back letter date decemb stress dunlop product suppli newitt export stop case measur relat price account fact infring commit aw date back telex date februari april show aw note identif code dunlop racket telex date februari state agre dsi price polici express condit dsi distribut control infring stop april date aw ceas dsi exclus distributor set amount fine commiss account fact export ban govern dsi distribut agreement gener cover product concert practic engag aw appar basi inform commiss limit product tenni ball squash ball tenni racket golf equip commiss dsi import relev market consider aw commiss account financi problem encourag culmin takeov adopt decis articl dunlop slazeng intern infring articl eec treati appli busi relat custom gener ban export product design protect exclus distribut network implement respect product tenni ball squash ball tenni racket golf equip measur refus suppli dissuas price measur mark follow export product bui back export product discriminatori offici label order ensur enforc export ban weather sport intern bv infring articl urg particip implement measur netherland respect dunlop product pinguin sport bv infring articl urg implement similar measur netherland respect slazeng product articl fine ecu impos dunlop slazeng intern fine ecu weather sport benelux bv asset weather sport bv respect infring refer articl fine paid ecu commiss european commun account banqu bruxel lambert agenc européenn rond point schuman brussel period month notif decis expiri period interest automat payabl rate charg european monetari cooper fund ecu oper work dai month decis adopt half percentag point articl dunlop slazeng intern soe termin infring refer articl decis refrain adopt measur equival effect articl decis address dunlop slazeng intern challeng court barnett wood lane leatherhead uk surrei kt lw btr plc vincent squar uk london sw pl weather sport benelux bv postbu wattstraat nl ag zoetem pinguin sport bv postbu industrieweg nl aa zoeterwoud rijndijk decis enforc pursuant articl eec treati brussel march commiss leon brittan vice presid oj oj figur appli grade tenni ball top qualiti ball match competit commonli gener control japanes sumitomo group recit annex recit letter date octob newitt recit letter date septemb btr newitt solicitor telex februari dunlop usa newitt recit recit telex march dsi aw knltb koninklijk nederlands lawn tenni bond letter commiss dsi btr aw pinguin note commiss interpret statement object number document obtain investig aw challeng aw commiss interpret maintain respect statement object point fine document point fine eigen kenmerken point paragraph fine inkoop verkoopprijzen point fine artifici exchang rate point recit recit recit telefax novemb aw dsi telefax novemb dsi aw recit recit seq aw intern memorandum date march refer special net price aw signific measur recit meet nsf dutch sport feder octob record meet dunlop racket sport good distributor record meet dsi aw aw intern memorandum novemb meet warn express term unawar import commiss attach complianc treati competit rule free movement good commun commiss view barrier export consid infring rule complain maintain document support complaint sight confirm valid claim exert pressur kind whatsoev view restrict freedom export common market call ceas immedi commiss contact european distributor make respons contact import assist commiss investig coordin letter date august manag director recit recit implement dsi collabor aw netherland recit recit reason adduc dsi justifi protect measur exist price list export countri unit kingdom question term econom justif event term frequent larg dispar set price disadvantag uk fact domest price part consider higher recit remov case incent uk firm export dsi announc intend doubl price list commun commiss reserv intent put effect return question examin compat articl exist indirect export barrier product dsi prove hold domin posit articl discriminatori price practic administr sale staff advertis promot storag cost distribut cost travel entertain expens postag telex fax bad debt dsi acknowledg indirectli written repli statement object show persist view express regret export ban impos newitt interrupt suppli add matter dealt mechan price discount adjust recit consum imagin select offici ball carri sole financi basi basi technic properti recit offici sticker legend approv recommend tenni ball refer approv recommend knltb signific respect aw urg dsi back stock ball mark label join case consten grundig commiss ecr articl regul eec oj recit recit recit context btr commun commiss letter date decemb competit law complianc manual letter date januari standard distribut agreement commiss acknowledg export ban appli annex grade tenni ball market share dimens commun member state market dimens dozen dunlop slazeng total dsi penn wilson tretorn dunlop franc belgium luxembourg denmark ireland franc germani pirelli greec netherland itali pirelli portug spain unit kingdom total eec annex squash ball market share commun member state dunlop slazeng total dsi belgium luxembourg denmark ireland franc germani netherland itali portug spain unit kingdom greec total eec dsi estim commerci audit annex dsi unit kingdom domest price list export price list differenti tenni ball squash ball unit kingdom domest list price dunlop slazeng date tenni ball squash ball date tenni ball squash ball unit kingdom price export price unit kingdom price export price unit kingdom price export price unit kingdom price export price index index index index index index index index carriag paid fob figur suppli newitt dunlop fort dunlop black yellow dot xx black yellow dot slazeng yellow navi blue yellow dot annex dsi grade tenni ball volum price discount date unit kingdom list price export list price aw benelux export price newitt unit kingdom export price unit kingdom price unit kingdom price unit kingdom price dozen price discount dozen price discount dozen price discount dozen price discount dozen price discount year end figur price weight averag price aw sale januari april distribut agreement termin sourc dsi publish version decis inform hereinaft omit pursuant provis articl regul disclosur busi secret annex dsi grade tenni ball volum price discount date export list price benelux distributor itali distributor spain distributor newitt dozen price discount dozen price discount dozen price discount dozen price discount sale spain affect late purchas total dozen sourc dsi annex ratio price charg newitt dsi exclus distributor index year newitt price aw price newitt price italian distributor price newitt price spanish distributor price