commiss decis januari guidanc provision refer method sampl measur pm direct ec notifi document number text eea relev ec commiss european commun regard treati establish european commun regard council direct ec april relat limit valu sulphur dioxid nitrogen dioxid oxid nitrogen particul matter lead ambient air amend commiss decis ec articl subparagraph thereof limit valu sulphur dioxid nitrogen dioxid oxid nitrogen particul matter lead ambient air laid direct ec refer method sampl measur pm standardis european committe standardis cen absenc refer method guidanc provision refer method sampl measur pm provid commiss accord procedur laid section annex ix direct ec direct ec septemb ambient air qualiti assess manag commiss assist committe refer articl direct compos repres member state chair repres commiss commiss utmost account opinion deliv committe measur provid decis accord opinion committe institut articl council direct ec adopt decis articl guidanc provision refer method sampl measur pm refer section annex ix direct ec provid mean annex decis articl decis address member state brussel januari commiss margot wallström member commiss oj oj oj annex guidanc pm measur direct ec purpos document give recommend air qualiti manag network oper select pm measur devic requir daughter direct air pollut fine particl recommend appli applic measur object case research activ case indic measur background cen standardis work direct ec state articl quot member state ensur measur station suppli data concentr pm instal oper member state choos number site station pm measur repres concentr pm member state sampl point pm locat sampl point pm quot articl mention quot provision refer method sampl measur pm laid section annex ix quot annex ix final ask prepar guidelin develop european commiss consult committe refer articl direct ec dg environ mandat cen develop standard european refer method measur pm method base gravimetr determin pm fraction particl air sampl ambient condit cen tc wg start work field valid campaign madrid duisburg complet campaign vredepeel vienna campaign sweden england greec itali plan stage valid work expect conclud final cen standard method cen wg test candid devic base gravimetr determin method equip inlet type european manufactur unit state feder refer sampler mini wrac singl filter sampler frauenhof institut toxicolog aerosol research fhg ita germani raa singl filter sampler esm andersen unit state america partisol scc sequenti sampler rupprecht patashnick unit state america partisol frm singl filter sampler rupprecht patashnick unit state america seq sequenti sampler leckel compani germani hv dha sequenti sampler digitel switzerland addit cen test number autom measur devic base beta rai attenu method taper element oscil microbal teom equival refer gravimetr method adam beta rai attenu sequenti opsi sweden fh beta rai attenu filter tape esm andersen compani unit state america bam beta rai attenu filter tape met unit state america teom se sharp cut cyclon rupprecht patashnick unit state america problem mass concentr measur pm problem partial previou experi pm measur consider determin pm mass concentr preliminari inter comparison studi carri number member state shown signific differ result manual pm sampler rang reason observ differ sampler complex divid artefact filter evapor loss sampl condit filter artefact size fraction inlet poor design cut due poor volum flow control particl deposit impact plate artefact due sampl system set particl deposit sampl tube long curv tube note chemic composit pm significantli pm semi volatil particul matter ammonium nitrat organ compound enrich fine pm size fraction particul matter size rang pm pm consist inert compon silica metal oxid problem loss semi volatil matter observ sampl pm pronounc pm measur loss essenti depend composit aerosol presenc volatil particul matter differ ambient sampl temperatur loss present import season geograph variat loss close report scandinavia spring episod aerosol road sand loss observ central europ winter episod aerosol high ammonium nitrat content background anticip heat sampl system show significantli lower pm mass concentr system ambient condit recommend monitor pm absenc conclus cen standardis activ recommend pm measur method mandat commiss cen measur method standardis base gravimetr determin pm mass fraction particul matter collect filter ambient condit method beta rai attenu method taper element oscil microbal teom test equival gravimetr method cen wg method base optic method particl count nephelometri consid direct pm specif inlet main inlet design monitor research purpos impactor type inlet sharp cut cyclon type inlet type test framework cen wg size fraction effici inlet particl aerodynam diamet μm collect filter instrument theori experi gain pm valid work suggest devic sampl probe filter heat collect avoid measur pm order limit loss volatil particl instrument sampl close ambient temperatur prefer pm incomplet manner lack coher result obtain studi imposs present select candid instrument monitor pm select measur devic care approach recommend prefer approach entail import resourc invest adapt measur requir futur develop forthcom european standard method pm measur technic develop instrument manufactur upcom regul heavi metal report pm data essenti document fulli measur methodolog gener data