commiss decis april relat proceed articl ec treati articl eea agreement case comp uk limit mobil uk limit quot uk network share agreement quot notifi document number english text authent text eea relev ec commiss european commun regard treati establish european commun regard agreement european econom area regard council regul februari regul implement articl treati amend regul ec articl thereof regard applic neg clearanc pursuant articl regul notif view exempt pursuant articl regul submit uk limit mobil uk limit februari regard summari applic notif publish pursuant articl regul articl protocol eea agreement consult advisori committe restrict practic domin posit regard final report hear offic case fact introduct februari uk limit quot uk quot bt cellnet limit bt limit mobil uk limit quot mobil uk quot person commun limit notifi commiss agreement date septemb infrastructur share nation roam uk market gener mobil telecommun network quot quot quot agreement quot notif uk mobil uk quot parti quot request neg clearanc articl treati articl eea agreement altern exempt articl treati articl eea agreement februari commiss publish notic summaris notifi agreement invit observ parti septemb notic pursuant articl regul set commiss preliminari view gave parti opportun comment propos favour approach decis repres final step commiss decis make procedur parti uk oper digit mobil telecommun network servic unit kingdom gsm quot global system mobil commun quot famili standard build oper network unit kingdom uk wholli own subsidiari mmo plc mobil telecommun busi previous control british telecommun plc subsidiari mmo oper network unit kingdom uk germani viag renam germani netherland telfort renam netherland ireland digifon renam ireland isl man manx telecom financi year end march mmo group turnov gbp billion eur billion mobil uk mobil telecommun oper gsm network unit kingdom wholli own subsidiari deutsch telekom mobil hold limit wholli own subsidiari mobil intern ag parent compani mobil intern incumb fix network oper germani deutsch telekom ag quot dtag quot mobil intern ag own interest mobil telecommun oper unit kingdom mobil uk limit motion virgin mobil austria max mobil czech republ radiomobil usa voicestream mobil intern ag subsidiari activ netherland ben cmobil russia mt poland ptc financi year mobil intern ag worldwid turnov eur billion legal factual background develop mobil commun commun europ gener quot quot mobil commun system base analogu technolog begin gener quot quot system introduc digit technolog gsm european global system mobil commun dc call person commun network pcn servic gsm dc servic commonli refer gsm servic standard gsm commun quot circuit switch quot mean call physic path set dedic singl connect commun end point network durat connect transmiss rate gsm kb kilo bit kb compress kb deliveri basic voic telephoni short messag servic sm mail circuit switch data enhanc quot quot mobil technolog effici packet switch commun send data packet destin rout requir reserv dedic transmiss channel radio resourc user send receiv data develop provid greater rang servic includ mobil mail visual commun multimedia messag locat base servic gener packet radio servic quot gpr quot princip technolog platform offer quot quot connect higher capac packet base data servic gpr data transmiss rate kb kb edg technolog kb kb depend specif usag situat work underwai bring gener quot quot mobil technolog applic servic market build technolog integr packet circuit switch data transmiss technic capabl reach speed kb eventu transmiss rate expect practic maximum rate kb outdoor mb indoor servic mobil commun system capabl support innov multimedia servic capabl gener system gsm capabl combin terrestri satellit compon annex decis ec european parliament council decemb coordin introduct gener mobil wireless commun system umt commun quot umt decis quot set characterist umt capabl support includ multimedia capabl full mobil low mobil applic geograph environ capabl effici access internet intranet internet protocol base servic high qualiti speech transmiss commensur fix network servic portabl environ oper seamless environ includ full roam gsm terrestri satellit compon umt network network servic provid reliabl catalogu exampl anticip servic includ mobil videoconferenc mobil video phone mail advanc car navig digit catalogu shop busi busi applic develop commun base common umt technolog platform harmonis radio spectrum definit harmonis regulatori environ step achiev harmonis object adopt direct ec european parliament council april common framework gener authoris individu licenc field telecommun servic end umt decis requir member state enabl introduct umt servic territori januari emphasis role technic bodi european confer postal telecommun administr quot cept quot europ telecommun standard institut quot etsi quot harmonis frequenc promot common open standard provis compat umt servic europ final march commiss publish commun set state plai forward introduct gener mobil commun european union commun commiss note difficult financi situat telecommun oper european union high infrastructur invest cost involv led oper engag infrastructur share arrang conclud econom benefici share network infrastructur principl encourag provid competit rule relev commun law respect follow commun june entitl quot full roll gener mobil commun quot commiss emphasis continu work nation administr establish practic approach network share network share network share place number level involv vari degre cooper degre independ retain oper depend network element share remain abil instal separ element plan freedom basic distinct relev context parti network share agreement radio access network quot ran quot core backbon network ran ran includ mast antenna site site support cabinet quot ssc quot power suppli antenna combin transmiss link node base station receiv send data frequenc control network cell radio network control quot rnc quot control number node link core network core network core network intellig part network consist mobil switch centr quot msc quot support node servic platform client home locat regist oper mainten centr link fix isdn integr servic digit network internet network gt pic file quot en tif quot gt rank increas degre network share distinguish share site rang share individu mast site grid share requir uniform layout network includ site support infrastructur site support cabinet ssc base station node antenna radio network control quot rnc quot core network includ mobil switch centr quot msc quot databas frequenc final nation roam concern situat oper concern share network element simpli network provid servic custom notif parti term quot site share quot share infrastructur level includ node rnc point recit parti ran share point recit specif point solut plan parti envisag share core network agreement cover nation roam nation regulatori framework subject principl primaci commun law applic nation licens regulatori requir account context network infrastructur share gener nation regulatori framework unit kingdom term parti licenc set paramet network share includ network roll requir term effect coverag relat specif timet notabl requir cover popul end gener oblig site antenna share relat plan restrict environment concern possibl impos facil share includ network share case case basi limit extent network share allow relat share network intellig sensit custom data oftel nation telecommun regulatori author quot nra quot unit kingdom respons notifi agreement oftel publish gener guidanc encourag infrastructur share subject case case assess individu propos nation regulatori framework commun competit rule parallel cumul applic nation rule conflict commun competit rule compat nation rule regul prejudic outcom assess commun competit rule full assess notifi agreement commun competit rule requir agreement uk mobil uk enter agreement quot agreement quot septemb cooper site share nation roam agreement cover infrastructur parti maintain separ network servic provis agreement includ specif provis ensur inform strictli exchang parti differenti agreement notifi area initi build area quot iba quot ii divid area quot da quot iii remain area meet march parti inform commiss agre subdivid iba part march provid commiss statement set agre agreement amend subdivis iba quot core area quot iba consist top citi unit kingdom cover approxim popul parti separ roll network quot residu area quot iba consist citi cover uk popul parti alloc number citi roll network site share nation roam initi build area iba repres area cover uk popul uk busi main urban area area parti cooper focu site share nation roam exclud area parti agre pursuant claus agreement cooper plan acquir basi joint ownership build deploi share site site share involv share hous structur includ mast materi equip power suppli rack cool equip transceiv base station rack node base station cabinet transmiss antenna disclos practic revis respect radio plan make common locat individu cell site claus agreement grant parti option site identifi suitabl site share exercis year thirti dai decemb agre document agreement grant parti refus event parti wish share site agre document quot residu area quot iba roll network set citi alloc parti concern provid roam servic parti achiev network coverag area quot core area quot iba parti build network separ outset relianc roam degre site share envisag parti involv entir ran notabl node rnc includ involv share frequenc core network agreement inform exchang regularli order site share roam inform exchang includ technic inform present futur site locat antenna height site natur extent space specif right restrict site configur paramet seamless roam specif confidenti provis includ safeguard site share nation roam divid area da area cover popul parti adopt common radio roll plan base principl separ territori parti parti alloc quot design area quot separ geograph area da build oper network accord unitari radio roll plan respect design area parti provid roam servic parti quot retail minu minu quot price formula claus enter similar agreement parti order provid servic parti claus limit case ran share consid specif point solut plan claus agreement parti deploi infrastructur design area parti subject number except requir prior consent parti set claus special event meet market demand special import custom parti agre site da built suffici accommod mast space fit minimum oper space reserv parti design area alloc occup parti parti option share exercis year dai year dai refus indefinit durat agre document expiri option parti oper site receiv offer parti site share fee equal higher fee price list agre commerci negoti parti base fair market price site own control parti quot site oper quot notifi parti request parti dai confirm enter site share agreement site oper parti control site pursuant claus parti conclud nation roam agreement parti nation oper network built oper parti oper access network parti agreement gave approv agreement prevent parti resel telecommun wholesal servic oper parti servic provid mobil virtual network oper mvno carri network equip roam parti design area claus affect arrang intern roam case iba parti exchang technic inform site share roam adopt common radio plan requir exchang inform includ coverag target coverag roll plan qualiti servic qo target expect traffic requir umt servic node radio design paramet confidenti provis includ safeguard site share nation roam remain area parti agre market condit permit extend respect network remain area cover dens popul area unit kingdom principl appli da durat agreement unlimit durat termin decemb parti give year notic argument parti parti justifi agreement term financi difficulti experienc oper regulatori timefram uk requir popul coverag end address environment concern articl treati articl eea agreement parti argu agreement object effect appreci restrict competit common market contrari articl treati articl eea agreement claim agreement increas competit reduc claim base argument parti compet network level iba cooper da enabl parti compet servic level oper nationwid earlier stage cooper articl treati articl eea agreement agreement consid restrict competit parti argu altern exempt articl treati articl eea agreement argu agreement speed provis servic enabl parti reduc network deploy cost make servic earlier end user parti argu consum benefit deliveri faster innov servic lower price final result cooper parti produc standardis servic end user continu compet directli content applic retail price wholesal price term condit servic channel market custom care servic market conclud result agreement competit preserv increas uk market network servic comment parti initi administr notic subsequ notic pursuant articl regul led input unit kingdom nation competit author quot uk author quot mobil network oper specialis equip manufactur respond principl favour network share uk author mobil oper made detail comment critic agreement current form comment uk author uk author submit detail comment focus competit concern aris cooper iba origin notifi uk author consid agreement appear limit network competit limit competit coverag qualiti parti concern claus agreement appear effect limit network competit iba view agreement facilit tacit collus parti spill effect weaken competit retail level site foreclosur uk author concern consid market site suffici competit problem minor difficulti oper gain access site limit circumst isol area unit kingdom light concern uk author recommend condit impos exempt laps short time period review actual benefit consum parti amend agreement prohibit iba reciproc roam arrang joint radio plan optimis common locat exempt condit manag control parti remain oblig notifi commiss chang ownership desir independ audit confidenti arrang subject period report commiss comment market parti parti state favour network share agreement provid open parti agreement concern option site share refus amount de facto exclus foreclos oper market concern agreement gave parti unfair advantag market result cost save brought agreement conclud agreement lead competit provid fewer cost save consum benefit compar open agreement parti express concern commiss appear exclud antenna share solut technic solut notwithstand oper environment financi benefit parti comment receiv carefulli review extent comment reflect genuin competit concern duli consid commiss reason concern rais present legal assess part decis legal assess agreement technic natur object restrict competit effect agreement analys agreement neg effect competit depend natur agreement econom context market power parti factor relat market structur analysi requir definit relev wholesal market directli affect agreement identif number wholesal retail market effect felt relev market introduct market gener divid wholesal retail market telecommun wholesal market typic consist provis access network network element network servic oper network servic retail market consist provis commun servic end user broad categori narrow market defin basi characterist servic concern degre substitut servic base price usag consum prefer analysi competit condit structur demand suppli evid advantag mobil premium paid mobil servic gener substitut fix servic mobil fix voic servic part servic market determin number commiss decis network access servic market primarili concern agreement market site site infrastructur digit mobil radiocommun equip market wholesal access nation roam commun servic addit market wholesal access servic downstream retail market servic affect indirectli wholesal mobil network access market access physic facil site site infrastructur mast antenna duct leas line right serv part mobil telecommun network infrastructur constitut access mobil network market addit wholesal network access servic market provis digit mobil commun servic oper divid broadli categori wholesal network servic relat interconnect commun place user network wholesal access servic relat host visit network custom oper wholesal network servic relat interconnect includ call termin wholesal servic complet call end user call origin wholesal servic enabl call origin end user direct interconnect servic provis direct physic link termin origin network transit servic provis indirect link termin origin network mean transit network access servic relat quot host quot quot visit quot network custom oper includ wholesal provis nation intern roam wholesal provis airtim market directli affect agreement market site site infrastructur digit mobil radiocommun equip product infrastructur market mobil telecommun network reli cellular network architectur base antenna distribut coverag area allow radio signal receiv transmit end user cell radiu oper mobil telecommun network requir site locat antenna relat site infrastructur mast site support cabinet power suppli combin transmiss link acquir purchas commonli leas site requir agreement site owner plan permiss local author case approv regulatori author limit risk radio frequenc interfer number properti convert site digit mobil commun equip theori unlimit practic number suitabl site limit due plan regul health environment consider space constraint quot hot spot quot citi centr airport railwai termin consid site properti usabl technic point view made accord regulatori constraint fit plan network architectur space coverag territori capac demand perspect site present requir primarili oper hold licenc unit kingdom plan network roll oper network principl site interchang due natur frequenc ad capac desir servic densiti network greater requir site network limit part demand site met exist site final unlik network fulli roll roll network unit kingdom initi stage regulatori roll requir popul coverag end initi demand site highest urban dens popul area room substitut type site rooftop site mast site multipl site serv smaller cell micro pico cell singl site serv larger macro cell product substitut site site infrastructur suppli perspect access site site infrastructur firstli provid network oper locat acquir develop site purpos oper network principl site share multipl oper technic limit number oper share site case depend lai specif site economi scope involv suppli side network oper prefer deal parti provid largest number site largest number locat order minimis search cost minimis transact cost oper prefer site share oper share element site infrastructur reduc cost final hot spot citi centr favour site develop market entrant limit scope suppli oper broadcast network gener broadcast transmiss equip locat site afford higher level geograph coverag compar coverag requir cellular system broadcast site tend tall structur elev locat transmit high power ten kilowatt order achiev optim popul coverag limit number site view capac consider mobil radio network cellular natur site provid suffici limit coverag reduc inter cell interfer allow frequenc alloc reus area size cell rang hundr metr kilometr actual rang determin level network capac requir site height transmit power main factor control cell size typic power ten watt antenna height meter tendenc mobil oper utilis broadcast structur suitabl local requir servic market entri independ compani specialis locat acquisit provis site parti parti control site public author util likewis enter market unit kingdom oper histor acquir leas individu site commerci basi directli site owner continu gener plan permiss constraint health rule requir minimis electromagnet interfer legal statutori regulatori requir defeat time effici entri market result discourag suppli side substitut signific invest scarc technic expertis requir enter market market entri remain base analysi suppli demand conclud market site site infrastructur digit mobil radiocommun equip geograph market base structur demand nation licens oper market nation unit kingdom stricter plan rule site host mobil radiocommun equip scotland separ market scotland wholesal market access nation roam commun servic product servic market mobil roam occur custom mobil telephon handset specif sim subscrib identif modul card identifi subscrib mobil network host visit network subscrib issu sim card home network roam nation intern case base agreement home network oper visit network oper provis wholesal roam access visit network pass retail servic home network subscrib market nation roam distinct intern roam inter alia involv agreement foreign oper base standard arrang develop gsm associ price significantli notwithstand initi overlap retail servic demand perspect wholesal access nation roam commun servic distinct roam rang voic data servic provid base roam broader significantli higher transmiss speed practic kb versu kb kb complet discuss relev voic data servic provid section suppli perspect oper network parti provid relev type access network oper suppli wholesal access nation roam servic licens requir barrier entri secondari entri base access right exist network absolut wholesal access nation roam commun servic constitut distinct product servic market geograph market licens network take place nation level price differ nation intern roam relev market nation unit kingdom potenti affect wholesal retail market potenti affect wholesal market network servic access product servic market number wholesal market network servic network access affect agreement market provis wholesal airtim access servic provid exist unit kingdom basi regulatori oblig wholesal airtim access similar nation roam concern wholesal provis network access minut airtim host network suppli servic provid licens mobil oper unit kingdom condit licenc differ form access oper reli nation roam determin rang servic subscrib provid servic custom host network servic provid provid simpl resal rang servic offer network oper provid wholesal airtim wholesal market market call origin servic provid carrier select servic purchas obtain access mobil network order origin call termin respons addit form wholesal access network servic develop constitut separ relev market wholesal network servic network access distinct network servic access servic rang servic provid base network broader avail significantli higher transmiss speed degre develop wholesal market emerg earli describ detail demand side network servic access commerci term market except demand servic provid access wholesal airtim suppli side market logic limit network oper parti obtain provid relev degre access network geograph market nation licens price pattern geograph scope wholesal market nation purpos present decis defin market close definit left open potenti affect retail market cooper cover agreement limit site share nation roam wholesal network level effect cooper felt downstream retail servic market parti activ independ area mobil retail servic voic data servic offer bundl manner suggest part market network oper offer quot seamless quot voic data servic provid type servic singl sim card balanc voic data servic expect shift fundament data servic larg limit fax sm voic servic typic account mobil oper revenu network servic teleshop video telephoni video conferenc expect eventu third revenu gener data servic analys digit mobil voic telephoni servic digit mobil data servic separ initi distinct larg correspond circuit switch packet switch servic digit mobil voic servic mobil voic telephoni market commiss gener distinguish technolog decis determin analogu digit gsm part mobil voic telephoni market test narrow market definit ensur domin posit aros market definit analogu mobil telephoni phase oper unit kingdom servic concern agreement digit mobil voic telephoni commiss defin market retail servic time industri sourc anticip quot rich voic network quot servic develop consist voic servic integr data servic consum videophon multimedia conferenc capac network distinct retail market voic servic develop voic data servic merg singl market develop qualiti scope voic servic concern brought technolog enabl voic servic command price premium lead substitut servic hand servic hand user substitut servic servic vice versa evid exist separ market purpos present decis conclud voic servic consid separ product market relev product market definit left open digit mobil data servic fundament differ data servic hand data servic circuit switch packet switch base technolog increas technic capabl servic content network expect consider improv relat data speed rang servic enabl substitut lead conclus servic separ market appear clear overlap servic mobil mail multi media messag continu internet access suffici data transmiss rate provid high end data servic expect emerg network appear emerg market provis mobil data servic base distinguish factor mobil commiss consid mobil fix data servic separ market highest bandwidth data servic deliver condit optim coverag low mobil time wireless local area network servic wlan develop provid data commun includ broadband internet access allow limit mobil circumscrib area build public locat similar measur limit mobil futur norm high bandwidth data servic open question servic wlan complement substitut servic result distinct fix mobil data servic break market broadband wireless data commun emerg servic emerg servic present plan stage determin accur market market digit mobil voic data servic market servic market broadband data servic wlan purpos present decis conclud data servic voic servic consid separ product market relev product market definit left open geograph market fact retail price servic offer digit mobil telephoni nation market remain nation scope except emerg market provis seamless pan european mobil telecommun servic internation mobil custom commiss identifi vodafon mannesmann decis intern roam servic substitut high price limit function intern roam addit network oper gener refus perman roam base intern roam access custom foreign network roam perman network market market identifi nation market structur market site site infrastructur digit mobil radiocommun equip unit kingdom uk radiocommun agenc approxim extern site base station cellular transmitt order provid servic agenc estim oper approxim site difficult determin number requir accuraci final figur depend number factor includ success inform provid mobil oper confirm approxim site transmiss popul coverag commiss estim basi oper repli minimum site requir provid cover uk popul greater number site requir cover uk popul mobil oper control signific number site case leas corpor entiti public util commerci properti owner privat landlord specialist compani quot tower compani quot leas antenna space wireless broadcast tower accommod multipl tenant wireless network uk site own control site mobil uk site manag crown castl intern oper vodafon site orang site hutchison entrant build portfolio site site provid approxim popul coverag expect add site oper seek acquir site order provid servic unit kingdom wholesal access nation roam commun servic parti mobil oper alloc mobil licenc wireless telegraphi act mean auction april vodafon orang hutchison uk entrant plan uk govern introduc spectrum trade barrier entri high absolut cost roll network difficulti obtain suffici spectrum entri spectrum trade forseeabl futur addit oper servic provid sp possibl mvno oper wholesal market sp ti tsp independ isp resel minut purchas wholesal airtim network partner oper bill relationship subscrib primarili busi subscrib enhanc sp esp repres tier servic provid offer tariff structur packag includ ad servic virgin mobil ventur mobil uk esp cater successfulli privat custom mvno final tier hierarchi sp mvno provid similar servic esp ident issu sim subscrib identif modul card case network infrastructur element ultim depend mobil oper network radio spectrum nation roam foreseen uk mobil uk pursuant notifi agreement roam agreement enter oper cover remot part unit kingdom suppli wholesal airtim signific scope servic sp mvno oper nich market wholesal airtim provid bt cellnet vodafon except esp deal mobil uk virgin mobil retail level licens oper plan roll network depend oper expect start provid servic network servic launch commerci market share assess substitut servic present provid retail servic market share oper revenu vodafon orang uk mobil uk clear extent posit replic addit market introduct entrant hutchison uk oper brand quot quot entri hutchison uk combin potenti esp mvno plai greater role enhanc competit market establish oper includ parti strong market posit due exist network custom base restrict competit articl treati prohibit agreement undertak affect trade member state object effect prevent restrict distort competit common market parallel provis respect trade contract parti effect competit eea set articl eea agreement agreement restrict competit contrari articl treati articl eea agreement exempt provid condit set articl treati articl eea agreement met agreement uk mobil uk involv cooper roll parti network site share nation roam kei object pursu distinct area unit kingdom initi build area quot iba quot ii divid area quot da quot iii remain area quot ra quot implement parti cooper plan acquir build deploi share site site site provis reciproc roam servic agreement includ detail implement provis relat exchang confidenti inform purpos manag project parti cooper extens roll mobil network reach cooper kei player market limit number competitor high absolut barrier entri rais competit concern agreement site share nation roam analys articl treati articl eea agreement parti plan relat ra popul part unit kingdom suffici develop commiss determin impact parti cooper competit area decis appli parti plan ra site share site share competitor commonplac princip ad hoc basi twofold increas number site heighten environment health concern site share increasingli favour polici consider expressli encourag commun rule recit preambl direct ec european parliament council march common regulatori framework electron commun network servic framework direct state quot facil share benefit town plan public health environment reason encourag nation regulatori author basi voluntari agreement quot site share advers impact competit reduc network competit deni competitor access site site infrastructur foreclos competitor possibl case facilit collus behaviour parti direct competitor wholesal retail market establish posit mobil telephoni strong posit individu roll network built area iba greatest demand servic site share analys articl treati articl eea agreement compat competit rule share network compon radio plan site share parti iba da cover quot passiv quot compon network aerial support structur base station node cabinet cool power suppli parti ran share share node bs specif point solut da envisag site share parti iba da limit due network element involv parti retain independ control kei compon access network core network includ intellig part network servic platform determin natur rang servic provid possibl addit network element share da significantli undermin parti abil retain independ control network ran share intend specif case parti plan suffici develop conclus reach specif issu ran share increas risk parti signific level cost common facilit coordin market price output limit extent network compon share parti level common cost aris site share low support estim provid mobil show small proport cost save capit expenditur cost save aris agreement result site share oper expenditur save limit uk provid figur methodolog cost save site share expect similar level common cost aris site share limit parti plan adopt joint radio plan iba common radio plan da deploi radio equip substanti number site led advers effect competit result assimil parti network term coverag parti decid adopt joint radio plan iba signific area term traffic expect total number site iba common site common radio plan limit da parti roll similar network unit kingdom scope site share limit parti adopt joint common radio plan unit kingdom aspect site share arrang rais competit concern design area da agreement parti respons roll network da design area broadli consist parti agre build deploi site network design area subject number except restrict roll design area parti view simplest form market share consid se restrict competit articl treati agreement permit parti build parti permiss design area wide rang circumst includ extent parti consid due market demand meet competit challeng meet regulatori requir ii extent meet coverag requir decemb provid parti licenc iii temporari basi purpos provid coverag set popular special event concert iv special custom claus agreement parti build conceiv situat design area parti includ line market demand meet regulatori oblig design oper reason ensur parti concentr resourc area develop site quickli effect wide except claus appreci advers effect competit option iba da parti provid period exclus site initi basi exclus option subsequ refus grant exclus rais concern potenti prevent parti entrant gain access site site infrastructur instal network equip potenti limit abil provid servic effect network degre exclus commerci justifi lead effect site share parti agreement exclus period appli iba option period year thirti dai decemb januari site parti da option period year thirti dai june parti design area site parti da option period year thirti dai june site upgrad site site parti parti design area agreement parti alter start date option period begin run conceiv option period end parti submit comment respons notic pursuant articl regul rais specif concern impact option refus mobil network oper emphasis option refus select block tactic foreclos market entri concern lack suitabl site ii period exclus long lead market foreclosur iii regulatori solut exist avail site unit kingdom lack site mobil network oper respons notic pursuant articl regul uk author state quot judg potenti site foreclosur minor wide rang potenti landown site site share oper common difficulti oper gain access site limit circumst isol area local strict interpret plan regul plan author quot site share increasingli promin mobil oper extern site share site addit exist import secondari market leas site infrastructur radio commun equip help ensur mobil oper control access site signific factor call quot tower quot compani financi incent ensur site extens effici oper inher incent site share crown castl suppli signific number site mobil oper signific proport approxim site control share oper public increasingli concern health environment side effect result site mast school led unit kingdom modif plan system site mast ensur greater public consult scotland scottish execut introduc stricter plan rule lengthen time take obtain plan permiss addit requir greater number site oper includ entrant seek simultan roll network specif area area high demand urban area area school hospit environment sensit area potenti risk parti oper prevent provid high network qualiti coverag lack avail site pressur spot durat exclus number supplier site digit mobil radio commun equip unit kingdom parti control access signific number site major modifi exclus justifi ensur commerci success agreement lack site period exclus significantli prevent competitor entrant site share parti deadlin oper meet coverag requir licenc requir special scrutini make difficult parti oper meet licenc condit roll competit network polici encourag widespread site share iba parti enjoi period exclus site januari design area da parti enjoi period exclus june site parti area parti design area da parti enjoi period exclus june site parti area notwithstand end date remain possibl parti extend exclus period agre start date option due roll delai concern da option period laps roll deadlin decemb potenti impact abil parti oper site share parti make effect market entri difficult area parti oper face difficulti gain access suffici site provid effect coverag gener lack site unit kingdom uk author state difficulti limit circumst isol area strict interpret plan rule parti option preclud access parti space site capabl accommod oper option period site capabl accommod oper quot greenfield site quot built make exist structur capabl redevelop possibl site share mobil oper increas oper tower compani financi interest allow multipl structur actual area unit kingdom parti problem find site due option number localis event specif regulatori remedi problem area scarciti site advers affect parti oper regulatori remedi potenti problem parti gain access infrastructur foreseen commun legisl problem plan exist rule regulatori framework appli juli includ specif provis infrastructur share provis appli oper enjoi monopoli posit infrastructur incumb owner local loop undertak oper electron commun network mobil oper articl framework direct quot member state impos share facil properti includ physic locat undertak oper electron commun network quot regulatori framework wide reach solut agreement effect restrict competit deni competitor access specif site site infrastructur topographi area specif paramet demand mean site scarc site share necess refus iba da exist refus site lesser form exclus option directli harm competit case gener scarciti site unit kingdom addit time period dai exercis refus parti quickli make altern plan signific bottleneck fact agreement parti pai licenc fee equal higher parti limit commerci freedom site own parti potenti rais cost entri parti meant temper fact fee base fair market rate consid amount agreement set minimum price se illeg articl treati articl eea agreement basi commiss concern parti agre modifi claus requir parti pai licenc fee equal higher parti claus amend state quot time expir option site oper receiv bona fide parti offer price accept site oper promptli notifi sharer parti offer price sharer dai confirm site oper wish enter site share licenc site concern price price agre rate card whichev lower absenc written confirm time site oper free enter site share arrang site concern parti concern term bona fide offer parti quot word remov concern price fix ensur parti rais entri cost parti oper requir pai higher licenc fee claus amend longer appreci effect competit conclus parti share limit number passiv compon access network retain independ control network includ critic core network parti retain abil differenti servic downstream level common cost brought site share signific parti retain control core network servic platform determin natur rang servic provid exclus site option refus lead widespread foreclosur parti oper lack avail site unit kingdom event specif problem site regulatori framework nation regulatori author impos site share roam background agreement parti provid servic custom nation roam coverag gap iba da nation roam involv custom mobil oper network oper countri make receiv phone call underpin complex technic arrang relat identif roam custom switch call exchang bill inform parti expect deploi softwar custom benefit quot seamless nation roam quot call hand caller move network call drop loss servic function parti roam agreement unabl roll network individu agreement rais signific competit concern limit network infrastructur base competit impact servic level competit oper involv face similar cost differenti custom offer basi servic offer price qualiti parti establish oper strong posit roll network individu unit kingdom exist infrastructur modifi strong custom base suppli roam servic analys articl treati parti roll network rapidli initi plan due capit expenditur constraint delai avail softwar enabl seamless nation roam parti agre subdivid iba part agre design quot core area quot iba parti separ build network area cover top citi unit kingdom account approxim uk popul parti reli nation roam parti separ built network time seamless nation roam expect parti design quot residu area quot iba cover citi uk popul residu area parti alloc number citi roll network parti suppli roam servic parti time full network coverag area da parti continu roll network respect design area origin plan subject delai reli provis nation roam provid servic design area parti time network coverag parti requir licenc cover popul end basi latest plan mobil expect launch servic end uk intend launch commerci servic half parti cover uk popul launch coverag grow parti argu roam fall articl treati put forward main reason roam limit durat iba major da parti requir compli roll oblig licenc parti build separ network iba compet term network qualiti parti stronger posit compet parti oper roam ensur launch full servic delai unnecessarili vi vi oper due enhanc technolog competit retail servic level import infrastructur level competit market respons notic pursuant articl regul uk author favour allow parti roam da strongli oppos allow roam iba basi undermin network competit quot compet network compet term full rang cost qualiti varieti network retail servic competit network level posit enhanc competit servic level infrastructur share scenario arguabl competit issu network coverag qualiti addit network perform paramet data transmiss competit dampen quot uk author reason part base fact quot network competit import initi stage develop infrastructur higher dens popul area quot quot economi scale infrastructur share strong rural area quot network competit nation roam network oper licens roll oper compet mobil network definit restrict competit oper relat network market kei paramet coverag qualiti transmiss rate restrict competit coverag roll network obtain maximum degre coverag territori popul roam oper reli degre coverag achiev network visit oper nation roam restrict competit network qualiti transmiss rate roam oper restrict network qualiti transmiss rate visit network function technic commerci choic made oper visit network final base agreement nation roam charg wholesal rate nation roam account small insignific proport capac iba potenti half da wholesal rate parti charg purchas wholesal network access servic signific extent constrain wholesal rate pai parti result constraint abil uk mobil compet coverag qualiti transmiss rate wholesal price nation roam uk mobil impact competit network market unit kingdom includ market wholesal nation roam access commun servic market wholesal airtim access servic market wholesal nation roam access commun servic licens oper abil roll network barrier entri high absolut result licens requir invest requir market emerg market market share clear cooper establish oper expect strong posit market appreci effect competit retail level addit question examin agreement wholesal roam access restrict competit retail servic nation roam wholesal level lead greater uniform condit retail level fact underli network coverag qualiti transmiss speed similar transmiss speed determin signific extent type servic oper provid addit time introduct servic determin moment transmiss speed reliabl network level coordin purpos nation roam final oper wholesal nation roam pai charg wholesal access base retail minu minu system scope price competit result limit retail minu minu system give rise risk coordin retail price level cooper parti wholesal nation roam effect competit parti downstream retail market number parti present retail market greater network level precis market share combin market share parti retail market proxi market share signific conclus reciproc roam arrang appreci effect competit limit parti abil compet network level coverag qualiti transmiss rate effect downstream parti depend coverag qualiti transmiss rate network provid servic exchang inform presumpt exchang commerci sensit inform competitor prejudici effect competit reduc market uncertainti facilit collus behaviour signific proport inform exchang parti consid busi secret case exchang inform primarili technic natur parti understand competit strategi parti consid context agreement wider market issu includ exist safeguard provis analys detail site share commerci sensit inform exchang iba relat princip configur paramet site da inform extens due adopt common radio plan includ inform relat function network includ coverag roll plan node radio design paramet expect traffic requir roam type inform exchang regular basi function defin nation basi function support network roam servic type inform concern capac type servic traffic bearer teleservic sm princip quantit relat type volum traffic expect network notwithstand confidenti natur inform exchang cooper analys context agreement exchang inform parti site share provid seamless roam custom inform exchang primarili technic natur parti understand competit strategi parti parti determin accuraci natur end user applic parti introduc safeguard limit risk cooper spill anti competit activ downstream market agreement specif prohibit exchang inform price product servic product develop launch plan parti undertaken ensur employe engag implement project provid guidanc relev competit law confidenti regulatori issu oblig inform exchang bring effect site share roam parti relat end user applic addit safeguard measur limit risk exchang inform spill collus behaviour commiss consid inform share appreci advers effect competit uk author express concern close coordin parti extens inform exchang spill collus behaviour ask parti provid commiss period report function confidenti arrang independ audit commiss agre uk author specif case independ audit confidenti safeguard case parti activ market close monitor competit author nation commun level nation regul nation competit author seek inform directli parti reason ground suspect infring competit rule requir audit independ safeguard measur monitor commiss disproportion restrict agreement includ number restrict rais competit concern claus consid articl treati articl eea agreement contract conclud quot intuitu persona quot access parti network intuitu persona agreement parti build make arrang build network part design area provid servic design area mean arrang licenc holder materi respect similar arrang contempl agreement claus impact extent parti enter similar arrang design area parti mobil oper ensur parti invest compar resourc intend guarante qualiti roam servic provid maintain confidenti inform provid parti light aim agreement appreci effect competit access parti network agreement state parti remain free make arrang nation roam parti licens oper parti oblig subscrib custom parti network roam parti signific technic complic allow nation roam major oper parti mobil network event provis roam servic network oper identifi restrict competit requir analysi competit rule limit licens network oper join form cooper interpret constitut restrict competit contrari parti conclud agreement resel signific volum nation roam access licens network oper requir separ analysi competit rule circumst claus advers effect competit parti offer nation roam mvno servic provid restrict effect trade member state condit access infrastructur wholesal servic mobil network oper affect trade eea state servic provid telecommun network trade commun eea wholesal access intern roam condit access telecommun infrastructur wholesal servic determin abil oper servic provid requir access provid servic condit network share affect purchas network equip produc network equip locat eea state addit condit access infrastructur wholesal servic significantli affect climat invest includ invest eea state infrastructur servic effect trade commun eea articl treati articl eea agreement provis roam uk mobil uk fall articl treati articl eea agreement appreci effect competit affect trade eea state agreement restrict competit contrari articl treati articl eea agreement exempt provid meet condit set articl treati articl eea agreement contribut improv product distribut good servic promot technic econom progress consum fair share result benefit impos undertak concern restrict indispens attain object afford undertak concern possibl elimin competit respect substanti part product question contribut agreement improv product distribut promot technic econom progress offer nation roam access parti provid coverag qualiti transmiss rate wholesal retail servic rapidli joint network expect greater densiti extend footprint individu compet oper network level parti incent realis greater densiti extend footprint economis network cost light competit parti number servic provid possibl mvno retail level parti individu incent provid wider rang qualiti servic nation roam parti provid coverag qualiti transmiss rate servic roll phase iba competit provid wholesal retail servic roam quot residu area quot iba parti provid coverag number citi significantli earlier case arrang alloc design area da combin reciproc roam arrang parti roll qualiti network wider coverag area area econom incent roll lower case area coverag requir uk landmass parti cover uk popul repres signific increas coverag uk territori uk landmass servic made quickli greater number custom allow technolog wide access enhanc competit da parti oper agreement promot competit market nation roam wholesal airtim retail level contribut product distribut servic servic concern expect constitut broad rang technolog advanc product enhanc qualiti function compar servic agreement promot technic econom progress iba major da parti requir roll separ network end term licenc econom benefit aris roam iba da iba cover strateg signific area uk market econom incent roll independ network high competit competitor critic determin competit market quot residu area quot iba econom benefit aris roam parti establish network oper limit econom incent roll da includ dens popul commerci attract part unit kingdom significantli lower iba econom benefit aris roam arrang correspondingli signific rural area fair share benefit result agreement consum enabl parti compet effect agreement nation roam enhanc competit digit mobil network servic market competit develop quickli competitor incent introduc servic market greater pressur reduc price result enhanc market entri wider coverag base nation roam access parti enabl consum benefit earlier greater rang technic advanc servic expect enhanc qualiti rang choic compar servic make price competit result increas competit retail level cost save benefit due increas competit nation roam access resal wholesal airtim mvno servic provid expect pass end user indispens nation roam licens network oper identifi restrict competit claus agreement provid nation roam indispens benefit elimin competit respect substanti part good servic concern set section competit licens oper network servic intend roll network unit kingdom mvno servic provid enhanc agreement agreement leav scope effect competit parti spite reli roam part coverag home network oper control core network enabl offer differenti servic addit principl underpin agreement mainten full competit parti suppli servic servic consum directli intermediari claus abil home network oper retain control traffic gener custom home network provid access servic host network improv camel customis applic mobil network enhanc logic technolog includ mean call back featur retail servic control home network oper servic end user roam increas data transfer user connect packet data network home network addit respons price bill remain home oper bill data provid host oper home oper direct relationship commerci condit wholesal roam offer specif retail servic base offer wholesal cost roam transport cost albeit signific addit content cost content rich data servic expect increas signific relat transport cost time core network cost oper differ base vendor decis mode transmiss core network instanc base fix leas line wireless microwav network relationship number user capac oper cost mainten oper final exist margin applic wholesal rate anticip retail rate traffic roam potenti signific degre price differenti remain agreement parti suppli wholesal airtim mvno sp includ roam parti network competit elimin substanti part market identifi affect agreement conclus articl treati articl eea agreement conclud condit individu exempt pursuant articl treati articl eea agreement met respect restrict competit relat agreement wholesal nation roam parti parti launch commerci earlier provid servic wider geograph area benefit consum durat pursuant articl regul protocol eea agreement commiss issu decis pursuant articl treati articl eea agreement period attach condit oblig iba cover urban area greatest potenti infrastructur competit exempt roam quot residu area quot iba establish oper justifi time cooper help promot competit initi roll phase network commerci launch earli retail servic bar signific unanticip commerci regulatori environ econom justif appli articl treati articl eea agreement roam iba ceas exist light limit popul cover quot residu area quot iba regulatori coverag oblig unit kingdom parti plan develop parti unit kingdom exempt roam quot residu area quot iba decemb da cover dens popul commerci attract area unit kingdom exempt roam da justifi longer period iba extent parti regulatori oblig cover remot part unit kingdom market affect restrict agreement emerg market effect restrict evalu period substanti exce year commiss consid grant exempt decemb commerci regulatori situat prevail end period articl treati continu appli roam part da articl regul decis pursuant articl treati effect earlier date date notif grant exempt articl treati articl eea agreement decis effect februari appli decemb relat nation roam quot residu area quot iba decemb relat nation roam da decis prejudic applic articl treati articl eea agreement adopt decis articl basi fact possess ground articl treati articl eea agreement action part commiss respect provis agreement uk limit mobil uk limit date septemb amend april quot agreement quot relat site share exchang inform permit site share nation roam articl pursuant articl treati articl eea agreement provis articl treati articl eea agreement declar inapplic provis agreement concern nation roam residu area initi build area defin parti statement march februari decemb articl pursuant articl treati articl eea agreement provis articl treati articl eea agreement declar inapplic provis agreement concern nation roam divid area februari decemb articl decis address uk limit bath road slough berkshir sl dx unit kingdom mobil uk imperi place maxwel road borehamwood hertfordshir wd ea unit kingdom brussel april commiss mario monti member commiss oj oj oj oj commiss deal relat notif mobil deutschland gmbh germani viag interkom gmbh date februari concern network deploy bilater roam agreement germani case comp quot rahmenvertrag quot oj case comp bt cellnet amp bt person commun unit kingdom agreement oj uk govern award licenc frequenc auction procedur worth eur billion compani award licenc orang bt vodafon person commun limit bt rebrand gener hold hold licenc oper uk renam mobil uk limit licenc oper mobil uk limit widespread technolog includ wap wireless applic protocol hscsd technolog high speed circuit switch data edg enhanc data gsm environ umt univers mobil telecommun system major quot gener quot mobil commun system develop framework defin intern telecommun union itu collect imt exact transmiss rate depend paramet time locat call number user cell applic speed divid user applic oj inform exampl http www umt forum org oj direct set procedur grant authoris purpos provid telecommun servic condit attach authoris quot introduct gener mobil commun european union state plai forward quot introduct eu final introduct eu paragraph final number nation regulatori author nra commun issu guidanc condit infrastructur share consist nation licens regulatori requir uk oftel publish posit quot mobil infrastructur share note inform quot http www oftel gov uk public mobil infrashar htm germani regtp issu interpret umt award condit light recent technolog advanc regtp june www regtp de dutch french nra publish similar document http www opta nl download concept notiti nma vw opta umt netwerken pdf http www art telecom fr dossier umt partag infra htm mobil infrastructur share note inform part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk greater london birmingham manchest glasgow leed edinburgh liverpool nottingham newcastl bristol sheffield leicest brighton northampton cambridg southampton cardiff belfast coventri york preston stoke trent oxford public version uk author respons octob publish oftel websit found http www oftel gov uk public oftel respons notic applic competit rule access agreement telecommun sector framework relev market principl access notic oj paragraph commiss guidelin market analysi assess signific market power commun regulatori framework electron commun network servic smp guidelin oj paragraph commiss notic definit relev market purpos commun competit law oj guidelin applic eec competit rule telecommun sector oj smp guidelin paragraph cf commiss decis ec case comp telia telenor oj commiss decis april case comp vodafon airtouch mannesmann oj commiss decis septemb case comp pirelli edizon olivetti telecom italia oj commiss decis juli case comp telia sonera oj base overlai exist network analys separ site requir digit broadcast limit extent provid tetra terrestri trunk radio gsm associ consist mobil network oper manufactur supplier collect develop technic platform make wireless servic work seamlessli focu roam inter oper cf http www gsmworld vodafon uk held hold market influenc requir suppli wholesal airtim oftel decid make determin remov mi determin april http www oftel gov uk public mobil mide htm cf commiss decis octob case comp tdc cmg migwai jv oj identifi eu wide market connect intern signal network wholesal access sm mobil telephoni infrastructur cf commiss decis case iv vodafon airtouch oj commiss decis case comp jv mannesmann bell atlant omnitel oj commiss decis ec case comp telia telenor oj commiss decis decemb case comp mannesmann orang oj commiss decis april case comp vodafon airtouch mannesmann oj commiss decis august case comp telenor bellsouth sonofon oj commiss decis august case comp franc telecom orang oj commiss decis septemb case comp belgacom tele danmark mobil intern ben nederland hold oj commiss decis april case comp vodafon airtouch mannesmann oj commiss decis juli case comp ac sonera vivendi xfera oj commiss decis septemb case comp belgacom tele danmark mobil intern ben nederland hold oj relat dial access internet mobil handset fix mean cf commiss decis juli case comp jv vodafon vivendi canal http europa eu int comm competit merger case cf commiss decis april case comp vodafon airtouch mannesmann oj commiss decis august case comp franc telecom orang oj cf commiss decis june case iv jv enel ft dt oj commiss decis case iv vodafon airtouch oj commiss decis ec case comp telia telenor oj gener inform mobil oper associ www mobilemastinfo inform mast htm radiocommun agenc quot implement spectrum trade quot consult document juli http www radio gov uk topic spectrum strat consult implementingspectrumtrad pdf vodafon uk held hold market influenc requir suppli wholesal airtim oftel decid make determin remov mi determin april http www oftel gov uk public mobil mide htm oftel market inform mobil updat octob oj point recit point recit uk author public respons paragraph depart transport local govern region quot dtlr quot regulatori statist return sourc radiocommun agenc repli minist depart transport local govern region quot industri send site share statist depart quarterli basi part commit latest figur show current site capabl form mast tower share site sharer present addit applic site share pend quot column hansard http www parliament stationeri offic uk report independ expert group mobil phone quot mobil phone health quot http www iegmp org uk uk odpm quot plan polici guidanc note telecommun quot ppg august http www plan odpm gov uk ppg ppg quot execut toughen telecommun mast plan rule quot press releas se june http www scotland gov uk uk network roll stagger due alloc licenc wireless telegraphi act time gsm oper grant licenc juli vodafon bt cellnet dc grant licenc mercuri march orang februari articl framework direct quot local loop quot mean physic circuit connect network termin point subscrib premis main distribut frame equival facil fix public network direct ec european parliament council march access interconnect electron commun network facil access direct oj articl press releas januari quot respons uk competit commiss recommend mobil termin charg quot quot delai plan launch commerci servic half quot http www mmo uk author public version paragraph uk author public version paragraph uk author public version paragraph cf access notic paragraph