commiss decis februari relat proceed articl ecsc treati respect price fix system sale roll steel product stock stockhold german market german text authent ecsc commiss european commun regard treati establish european coal steel commun articl thereof regard result inspect carri pursuant articl treati heard trade associ concern pursuant articl treati commiss carri check pursuant articl ecsc treati bundesverband deutscher stahlhandel bd düsseldorf german steel stockhold decemb inquiri undertaken order shed light activ bd part prepar quot net stock price list quot scrutin price arriv bd stockhold light articl ecsc treati clear stock price list entir feder republ calcul uniform basi assist bd distribut dealer consum help fix stock sell price roll steel product predetermin level letter octob commiss inform bd regard behaviour infring articl pursuant articl treati gave associ opportun submit comment bd submit written comment letter februari oral comment hear octob point commiss proceed concern primarili measur bd adopt put effect purpos stabil price mean quot stock price list quot commiss proceed establish bd take activ part price format member work model calcul circul price list letter novemb request commiss bd submit detail polici pursu field commiss decid bring activ proceed letter januari gave bd opportun submit comment submit letter fact member bd repres virtual entir german steel stockhold trade number includ approxim compani sole concern steel stock sale roll product amount fewer tonn year largest stockhold account third total volum stock sale million tonn roll steel product suppli german market million tonn produc germani million tonn import million tonn commun countri stock sale account million tonn total million tonn suppli dealer million tonn steel industri stock sale cover approxim german market requir remaind suppli steelwork direct steel user call direct transact streckengeschäft dealer act intermediari produc fact deliv good directli user section merchant bar concret reinforc bar broad flang beam heavi plate account stock sale bd highli organ bodi corpor structur consist region member meet manag board board director execut board manag board call servic advisori committe group product gener committe deal question market research statist sale tax problem law competit bd dai dai activ handl head offic region offic bd distribut compani thing respons print individu price list member undertak stock price list nsp list time investig commiss investig concern chiefli quot net stock price list roll steel product quot nsp list effect price german steel market nsp list vari type product flat product long product area area divid freight charg calcul stock price base produc price german steel produc publish list price basic price exclud temporari discount bd work assumpt produc price uniform due allow made base point oberhausen essen siegen saarbrücken work price list includ edit nsp list extra charg small quantiti freight charg destin overhead inclus profit discount margin dm tonn execut board bd state bd help calcul price list intend dealer user alik base vari work price charg number larg distributor activ region bd compulsori guid price stock sale intend improv market transpar investig reveal bd fact respons prepar publish edit price list committe market research statist sale met time discuss subject agre detail guidelin price increas price method quot view reflect recent cost increas stock price list progress unifi calcul system feder republ quot file note meet bd committe market research statist sale held march düsseldorf bd circular date manuscript march append minut manag board receiv regular report prepar price list inform quot calcul scheme inter region dealer suppli industri user quot scheme includ item quot differenti rate turnov price charg work small deliveri cost increas freight rate price categori quantiti kg kg kg cut charg close relat cost merchant bar section broad flang beam list separ weight metr merchant bar quot board inform quot event subsequ public stock price member compani quot minut manag board meet held april quot inter region quot dealer question carl spaeter gmbh duisburg time arrang print price list state part calcul price regular correspond bd distribut compani public list agre bd inform competitor price send copi list request letter march bd letter march bd distribut compani copi bd print distribut nsp list undertaken bd distribut compani base bochum northern region druckerei ebel hamburg bd inform member circular public list gener notifi contain bd member stand order distribut compani issu compani case edit dealer steel user circular total nsp list long product flat product firm question nsp list bind serv basi freeli negoti stock price research reveal april februari march dealer rare set price high list price list price basic price discount valu offer dealer busi situat sale structur market improv march month discount tend greater similar bd press hard uniform price base nsp list attempt activ quot stabil quot price trade depress end bd encourag dealer negoti region price discount agreement numer record circular produc associ region board report recommend made board director june quot region held discuss view halt drop price manag board consid effort continu talk region level correspond bd quot stress recommend stockhold follow publish region price observ transact item quot market situat individu product group quot bd manag board meet juli june board director exhort number import stockhold quot lend activ support measur design stabil market quot time region interregion discuss bd member held area quot obtain transpar price behaviour anticip individu compani behav accord express intent quot bd circular quot marktinform quot juli manag board meet decemb januari member repres area report quot effort stabil stock price made initi produc link stockhold compani result improv price situat region level quot continu exchang market inform final agre bd meet septemb discuss wai improv stockhold profit quot practic approach problem cost factor account region level stockhold resum talk district region level view publish maximum discount rate firm commenc discuss quot investig necessarili confin area reveal discuss meet held mannheim ludwigshafen frankfurt saarbrücken stuttgart area stockhold firm individu present initi meet partli bd partli member chiefli region spokesmen meet rule arrang assist bd main object agre minimum price maximum discount nsp list price stock sale roll steel product agre absolut limit correspond list price produc group sale organ quot kontor quot work minimum price fix market level occas particip meet independ merchant refer price unrealist period recess regularli undercut attempt made enforc minima produc stockhold compani requir work parent compani undercut work price mannheim ludwigshafen area produc own stockhold protest independ stockhold attempt set minimum price realist level discov bd member number circular entitl quot marktbeobachtungen marktinformationen quot amount practic public minimum price work adopt area public market inform reveal undercut produc list price forbidden bd quot detriment stabil market price level quot extent bd current involv price format member bd current polici price format consist inform member produc price provid expert produc model calcul member compani circular member price list drawn individu dealer descript base inform provid concern inform produc price steel produc prepar list show current price product work price list form basi conduct busi produc direct stockhold work custom deliveri arrang stockhold smaller stockhold purchas direct work price list form basi calcul stock price list german work price list stockhold bui tonnag product annual common market recogn quot direct stockhold quot stockhold includ subsidiari posit bui roll finish product direct produc firm direct stockhold product event chang work price produc send price list small number stockhold deal direct import work price list mean stockhold receiv copi delai bd made practic suppli inform chang extra includ produc price list bd distribut compani copi print request interest steel merchant bd inform member monthli inform bulletin chang basic price ii role bd compil model calcul stock price list calcul basi work price list bd maintain view larg number roll steel product variat dimens qualiti subclassif account extra discount gradat stock price freight zone chang produc price requir complex expens recalcul main difficulti stockhold cost consist larg overhead case relat contract weight stock price work avoid error loss complex cost process appar mean major merchant superior technic staff resourc perform calcul made chang produc price firm smaller turnov ill equip handl produc price list implic calcul bd maintain reason involv prepar model calcul year point differ stock model calcul produc examin element common model calcul novemb deal quot free stock price quot calcul basi quot effect compon price quot basic price inclus qualiti extra stock price long product flat product subdivid case product group includ inter alia extra small quantiti base averag refer figur express dm unit grade quot turnov frequenc group quot similarli grade quot work dimension extra quot vari turnov rate similarli product quot contract overhead cost quot calcul lot kg contract weight kg kg averag kg kg profit margin total cost compon product surcharg rate includ calcul stock price account analysi bd turnov frequenc bd familiar cost paramet develop year restrict small number compani model calcul work nowadai individu stockhold bd expert give assist requir work price alter compani oblig modifi nsp list price model calcul sell price iii inform revis stock price list dissemin rule stockhold nsp list print bd distribut compani small stockhold reason interest learn larger stockhold compani price calcul distribut compani treat calcul work price list print major dealer newli calcul stock price list distribut compani advis bd member obtain consent origin compani distribut list major dealer condit consent distribut compani send copi list dealer decid adopt calcul part scope import stock price list bd state directli medium size order approxim kg account larg percentag number small proport volum stock sale nsp basic price case modifi negoti discount add size categori nsp list simpli guid sale involv larg quantiti kg price negoti thousand kilogram sale kg kilogram written oral comment bd agre commiss find set substanti accur issu conclus infring ecsc competit rule argument summar system price format take account actual circumst steel market help chiefli stabil market time recess aim activ pursu commun institut compat treati support fact further market transpar offer steel distribut undertak chanc public price similar steel produc articl ii applic articl articl ecsc treati read quot agreement undertak decis associ undertak concert practic tend directli indirectli prevent restrict distort normal competit common market prohibit quot effect provis restrict formal decis accord procedur laid associ constitut conform object defin constitut legal bind member decis associ aim determin influenc member competit behaviour caught articl decis bind simpli recommend actual conduct associ undertak bodi subsidiari organ thing quot decis quot purpos articl assum associ act express tacit approv member action tend restrict distort competit automat caught prohibit interpret fulli accord letter spirit purpos articl gener prohibit agreement decis practic tend prevent restrict distort normal competit token appli associ extent activ member undertak produc effect articl seek prevent confirm read articl associ engag activ contrari provis treati associ undertak bd subject provis articl member undertak cover articl restrict result stock price list nsp list time investig bd continu act infring articl arrang compil distribut member quot net stock price list quot sale roll steel product clear content nsp list apt restrict competit dealer price contain base uniform system calcul price base standard produc price price compon freight charg destin dealer overhead extra charg small quantiti profit includ detail differ group product distribut zone nsp list defin relev product zone term special rate applic addit list uniform discount margin distribut type net price list member associ inevit encourag adopt uniform price method extens uniform price polici situat individu steel stockhold structur competit posit bd declar demonstr behaviour conscious intend achiev result bd remark prime purpos nsp list stabil price german steel market design small medium size member undertak work individu calcul set individu sell price fact nsp list drawn distribut work price alter clear indic bd introduc list weaken competit price logic conclus practic step bd push stockhold profit gener includ repeat attempt introduc agreement price discount region level prevent undercut work price lai minimum price maximum discount suppress market inform reveal undercut minimum price move design standard member behaviour market area nsp list allow undertak degre individu room manoeuvr set price discount purpos articl immateri extent bd idea accept member undertak line cross step associ object found apt restrict competit member evid case reason set commiss find bd succe restrict competit partial sell price nsp list regularli recogn dealer basic price subsequ gave discount whilst bd system total suppress price competit german steel stockhold weaken restrict result bd current involv price format member bd involv price format likewis incompat articl treati direct standard price charg member stock sale set balanc price level differ obtain normal competit condit judgment court justic march case sorema high author ecr inform produc price object fact bd inform member produc price articl treati steel produc oblig publish price scale condit sale common market detail work price includ stockhold suppli direct produc direct deal stockhold print distribut work price list bd aim make easier member deal direct obtain inform advantag directli suppli dealer gain obtain inform sourc polici line object embodi articl encourag market transpar product level extent purpos sentenc paragraph articl legitim activ associ pursu risk distort normal condit competit detriment direct deal stockhold long expens involv reprint distribut price list met entireti bd member compani benefit ii role bd compil model calcul hand bd involv produc model calcul member constitut form date ii infring articl treati commiss consid model calcul share number firm unobjection purpos anti trust law indic analys explain classifi separ cost compon recogn essenti price format work method imput expenditur cost head product servic model calcul specif valu contrari view recommend capabl restrict competit appli model determin quot free stock price quot form construct model admittedli unobjection classif individu roll steel product product type group attent paid size qualiti variat stock cost turnov frequenc product question distribut fix cost contract weight help user calcul system make realist calcul cost model calcul suppli bd overstep permiss limit set actual valu individu compon appli graduat extra small quantiti calcul averag refer figur quot work dimension extra quot vari turnov rate type extra vari product type product long flat product grade group quot popular quot quot popular quot quot popular quot quot unpopular quot impos term dm tonn quot contract overhead cost quot imput cost head fix rate dm tonn lastli list includ profit margin stockhold model calcul type effect recommend encourag user compani work figur contain model close calcul cost indirectli set sell price extent immateri cost compon express straight figur form percentag surcharg offer servic explain compani wai achiev cost relat price format mean exert real power influenc price polici contrari bd assert justif give specif cost compon model cost quot free work price quot compon express averag cost born german stockhold obtain comparison busi trade averag valu exist tend standard valu larg proport undertak inclus data model calcul lead user reli fictiti quantiti calcul oper cost work actual cost arriv mislead figur notic agreement decis concert practic relat cooper undertak section ii oj correct oj altern mean cater firm interest realist analysi cost comparison interfirm comparison suffici simpli compar highest lowest cost observ cost compon select data submit offer exampl method amount practic disguis public scatter diagram object relat figur publish class firm classifi size view vari structur german steel stockhold trade exist model calcul restrict price competit german steel stockhold freeli admit model bd member undertak design undertak encourag base calcul exact figur model result assess oper cost independ basi experi follow common standard set valu parallel cost calcul method result harmon price polici undertak concern model calcul provid bd offer exact figur price compon includ profit margin remain compon model quot effect basic price quot quot effect compon price freight cost constant cost head quot natur predetermin larg stockhold control cost price dealer import cost compon vari slightli ow uniform price polici produc circumst competit stockhold trade restrict choic discount dealer offer custom bd bear substanti amount respons restrict price competit german steel stockhold bd approv model calcul question distribut member firm consid origin forc member concert price polici establish model calcul produc individu dealer activ cooper bd expert prepar associ special committe question practic signific determin model calcul result formal decis expressli quot recommend quot explain paragraph prohibit articl treati extend action associ undertak organ committe work group activ liabl prevent restrict distort normal competit common market iii inform revis stock price list dissemin final bd commit infring articl inform member stock price list drawn individu dealer print distribut organ circul member iii inform system chosen design restrict price competit german steel stockhold subject matter time inform price decis import proceed member associ inform revis price list put major dealer receiv inform bd distribut compani print list origin compani competitor immedi inform price intend make list publish distribut custom recipi main competitor futur conduct market enabl immedi realign price firm lead increas price benefit includ inform system consent circul price list experi dealer fall price polici readili inform suffici advanc intend price substanti reduc risk lose custom oper system result coordin market conduct number undertak contrari articl place price competit attend risk system introduc practic cooper german stockhold lead condit competit correspond normal condit market regard natur product import number undertak size natur stockhold trade take part inform system bd member firm induc determin price concert discret dealer receiv price list decid price leader regularli follow price leader activ encourag process align consent circul price list decid price predict competitor reaction larg determin reaction simpli give advanc notic market strategi type system conflict basic principl underli rule competit treati commerci oper determin independ polici intend adopt common market requir independ depriv undertak adapt intellig exist anticip conduct competitor strictli preclud direct indirect contact undertak object effect whereof influenc conduct market actual potenti competitor disclos competitor conduct decid adopt contempl adopt market coordin sell price result consider distort competit relat steel stockhold german market bd suppli member major dealer revis stock price list price list consider demand suffici reason justifi reprint bd distribut compani pure commerci consider bd member advanc warn price polici major dealer follow adjust price list inevit result inform system member firm determin price larg extent refer uniform criteria bear relat differ cost structur experienc prevail region local market condit turn effect set price stock deliveri artifici level appli stock sale steel product bd fail counter argument dealer receiv price list choos align major dealer polici ignor suffici purpos articl treati firm concern influenc favour uniform price present case deni knowledg price behaviour adopt import firm steel stockhold valuabl inform determin price polici system quot guid price quot affect normal competit enabl particip predict reason degre certainti price polici pursu competitor articl applic fact stockhold gener list price give discount price guid set price charg individu deal collect practic lead indirect price fix cover prohibit appli essenti price compon artifici approxim place effect sell price level differ result competit situat artifici price level necessarili adher firm involv purpos articl price competit complet suppress provis appli competit number undertak restrict distort prohibit articl appli concert activ bd member engag determin sell price associ activ enabl price agreement organ place bd role crucial success inform system respons arrang need circul revis stock price list lead steel stockhold member associ quickli arrang includ inform member exist price list obtain consent circul reproduc price list distribut copi relev dealer import step uniform price polici german steel stockhold bd extent bd activ field price inform bound activ associ engag sentenc paragraph articl treati amount practic object restrict distort competit common market de facto associ undertak practic prohibit anti trust law paragraph bd fail submiss print distribut stock price list undertaken distribut compani natur commerci activ bd distribut compani separ account undertak work behalf associ control bd consid fulli respons anticompetit practic pursu market compani fact bd distribut compani sold copi major dealer price list judgment court decemb join case suiker uni al commiss ecr judgment court justic octob case verenig van cementhandelaren commiss ecr member associ profit likewis immateri competit law assess case sentenc paragraph articl permit associ undertak engag commerci activ activ activ limit laid treati view articl mean affect competit rule broken activ bd distribut compani price inform system unobjection purpos anti trust law amount concert price practic enabl individu parti system identifi competit behaviour parti trade associ intend plai role field principl restrict report gener price trend relev product market period time disclos price conduct individu firm decid adopt contempl adopt current form base dissemin member individu price list bd inform system meet requir produc effect articl seek prevent bd claim defenc inform system set increas market transpar stockhold trade help realiz gener object treati refer made connect principl price public guid principl legal order introduc treati integr part normal condit competit steel market place circumst dealer associ dealer author make concert arrang ensur greater market transpar stockhold trade restrict distort competit fact commiss step pursuant articl ecsc treati order establish sale stock prior notif price list laid articl produc affect steel stockhold draw publish individu price list independ exercis caught prohibit articl object mean result concert behaviour dealer publish uniform price list sale stock fix level effect price sale stock bound articl bd activ relat price inform tend encourag make concert behaviour member field price polici distinct drawn purpos articl individu exercis steel dealer set collect price inform system distribut stage organ bd particip member final measur commiss commun steel market present difficulti justifi bd behaviour steel stockhold request letter octob voluntarili draw price list base produc price list submit commiss purpos arrang encourag merchant minimum recommend guidanc price prescrib regular interv produc abovement letter commiss impli invit merchant indulg concert practic draw stock price list fix effect sell price commiss decis ecsc decemb requir commun iron steel merchant make sale concret reinforc bar merchant bar hot roll wide strip charg product price lower commun produc list price decis respect leav unaffect freedom merchant concern decid independ sell price stock deliveri fact consider set onward bd continu infring articl treati infring consist prepar uniform net stock price list distribut member firm consist send detail model calcul complet specif valu cost compon member distribut price list lead steel stockhold remain member list effect transit system produc uniform net stock price list system uniform model calcul specif price inform cosmet chang fail alter content object bd polici bd behaviour begin direct restrict distort competit price german steel stockhold oj amend decis ecsc oj order clarifi parti concern interest parti appreci law practic dealt proceed opportun state formal decis infring bd commit requir associ undertak concern termin infring forthwith practis final ensur decis carri effect impos bd oblig bring text decis notic member adopt decis articl declar associ undertak bundesverband deutscher stahlhandel continu contraven articl ecsc treati prepar uniform stock price list roll steel product distribut member firm present time drew interest member model calcul complet specif valu cost compon inform member revis stock price list drawn individu dealer circul member articl associ undertak concern requir termin infring declar articl forthwith articl associ undertak concern requir bring complet text decis attent member articl decis address associ undertak bundesverband deutscher stahlhandel graf adolf platz düsseldorf brussel februari commiss raymond vouel member commiss