council direct ec decemb implement principl equal treatment men women access suppli good servic council european union regard treati establish european commun articl thereof regard propos commiss regard opinion european parliament regard opinion european econom social committe regard opinion committe region accord articl treati european union union found principl liberti democraci respect human right fundament freedom rule law principl common member state respect fundament right guarante european convent protect human right fundament freedom result constitut tradit common member state gener principl commun law equal law protect discrimin person constitut univers recognis univers declar human right unit nation convent elimin form discrimin women intern convent elimin form racial discrimin unit nation coven civil polit right econom social cultur right european convent protect human right fundament freedom member state signatori prohibit discrimin import respect fundament right freedom includ protect privat famili life transact carri context freedom religion equal men women fundament principl european union articl charter fundament right european union prohibit discrimin ground sex requir equal men women ensur area articl treati establish european commun promot equal commun essenti task similarli articl treati requir commun aim elimin inequ promot equal men women activ commiss announc intent propos direct sex discrimin labour market commun social polici agenda propos fulli consist council decis ec decemb establish programm relat commun framework strategi gender equal cover commun polici aim promot equal men women adjust polici implement practic measur improv situat men women societi meet nice decemb european council call commiss reinforc equal relat right adopt propos direct promot gender equal area employ profession life commun adopt rang legal instrument prevent combat sex discrimin labour market instrument demonstr legisl fight discrimin discrimin base sex includ harass sexual harass take place area labour market discrimin equal damag act barrier full success integr men women econom social life problem appar area access suppli good servic discrimin base sex prevent elimin area case council direct ec june implement principl equal treatment person irrespect racial ethnic origin object achiev mean commun legisl legisl prohibit discrimin base sex access suppli good servic good mean provis treati establish european commun relat free movement good servic mean articl treati prevent discrimin base sex direct appli direct discrimin indirect discrimin direct discrimin occur person treat favour ground sex person compar situat differ men women provis healthcar servic result physic differ men women relat compar situat constitut discrimin prohibit discrimin appli person provid good servic public offer area privat famili life transact carri context appli content media advertis public privat educ individu enjoi freedom contract includ freedom choos contractu partner transact individu good servic number subject reason choic contractu partner long choic partner base person sex direct prejudic individu freedom choos contractu partner number exist legal instrument implement principl equal treatment men women matter employ occup direct appli field reason appli matter employ cover exist legal instrument direct appli insur pension privat voluntari separ employ relationship differ treatment accept justifi legitim aim legitim aim protect victim sex relat violenc case establish singl sex shelter reason privaci decenc case provis accommod person part person home promot gender equal interest men women singl sex voluntari bodi freedom associ case membership singl sex privat club organis sport activ singl sex sport event limit accord criteria deriv case law court justic european commun principl equal treatment access good servic requir facil provid men women share basi long provid favour member sex actuari factor relat sex widespread provis insur relat financi servic order ensur equal treatment men women sex actuari factor result differ individu premium benefit avoid sudden readjust market implement rule appli contract conclud date transposit direct categori risk vari sex case sex necessarili determin factor assess risk insur contract insur type risk member state decid permit exempt rule unisex premium benefit long ensur underli actuari statist data calcul base reliabl regularli date public exempt allow nation legisl appli unisex rule year transposit direct member state examin justif exempt take account recent actuari statist data report commiss year date transposit direct favour treatment women reason pregnanc matern consid form direct discrimin base sex prohibit insur relat financi servic cost relat risk pregnanc matern attribut member sex person subject discrimin base sex adequ mean legal protect provid effect level protect associ organis legal entiti empow engag proceed member state determin behalf support victim prejudic nation rule procedur represent defenc court rule burden proof adapt prima faci case discrimin principl equal treatment appli effect burden proof shift back defend evid discrimin brought effect implement principl equal treatment requir adequ judici protect victimis view promot principl equal treatment member state encourag dialogu relev stakehold accord nation law practic legitim interest contribut fight discrimin ground sex area access suppli good servic protect discrimin base sex strengthen exist bodi bodi member state compet analys problem involv studi solut provid concret assist victim bodi bodi respons nation level defenc human right safeguard individu right implement principl equal treatment direct lai minimum requir give member state option introduc maintain favour provis implement direct serv justifi regress relat situat prevail member state member state provid effect proportion dissuas penalti case breach oblig direct object direct ensur common high level protect discrimin member state suffici achiev member state reason scale effect action achiev commun level commun adopt measur accord principl subsidiar set articl treati accord principl proportion set articl direct order achiev object accord paragraph interinstitut agreement law make member state encourag draw interest commun tabl illustr correl direct transposit measur make public adopt direct chapter gener provis articl purpos purpos direct lai framework combat discrimin base sex access suppli good servic view put effect member state principl equal treatment men women articl definit purpos direct definit appli direct discrimin person treat favour ground sex treat compar situat indirect discrimin appar neutral provis criterion practic put person sex disadvantag compar person sex provis criterion practic object justifi legitim aim mean achiev aim harass unwant conduct relat sex person occur purpos effect violat digniti person creat intimid hostil degrad humili offens environ sexual harass form unwant physic verbal verbal physic conduct sexual natur occur purpos effect violat digniti person creat intimid hostil degrad humili offens environ articl scope limit power confer commun direct appli person provid good servic public irrespect person concern public privat sector includ public bodi offer area privat famili life transact carri context direct prejudic individu freedom choos contractu partner long individu choic contractu partner base person sex direct appli content media advertis educ direct appli matter employ occup direct appli matter employ matter cover commun legisl act articl principl equal treatment purpos direct principl equal treatment men women direct discrimin base sex includ favour treatment women reason pregnanc matern indirect discrimin base sex direct prejudic favour provis protect women pregnanc matern harass sexual harass mean direct deem discrimin ground sex prohibit person reject submiss conduct basi decis affect person instruct direct indirect discrimin ground sex deem discrimin mean direct direct preclud differ treatment provis good servic exclus primarili member sex justifi legitim aim mean achiev aim articl actuari factor member state ensur contract conclud decemb latest sex factor calcul premium benefit purpos insur relat financi servic result differ individu premium benefit notwithstand paragraph member state decid decemb permit proportion differ individu premium benefit sex determin factor assess risk base relev accur actuari statist data member state concern inform commiss ensur accur data relev sex determin actuari factor compil publish regularli updat member state review decis year decemb take account commiss report refer articl forward result review commiss event cost relat pregnanc matern result differ individu premium benefit member state defer implement measur compli paragraph year decemb latest case member state concern immedi inform commiss articl posit action view ensur full equal practic men women principl equal treatment prevent member state maintain adopt specif measur prevent compens disadvantag link sex articl minimum requir member state introduc maintain provis favour protect principl equal treatment men women laid direct implement direct circumst constitut ground reduct level protect discrimin afford member state field cover direct chapter ii remedi enforc articl defenc right member state ensur judici administr procedur includ deem concili procedur enforc oblig direct person wrong failur appli principl equal treatment relationship discrimin alleg occur end member state introduc nation legal system measur ensur real effect compens repar member state determin loss damag sustain person injur result discrimin mean direct dissuas proportion damag suffer fix prior upper limit restrict compens repar member state ensur associ organis legal entiti accord criteria laid nation law legitim interest ensur provis direct compli engag behalf support complain approv judici administr procedur provid enforc oblig direct paragraph prejudic nation rule time limit bring action relat principl equal treatment articl burden proof member state measur accord nation judici system ensur person wrong principl equal treatment appli establish court compet author fact presum direct indirect discrimin respond prove breach principl equal treatment paragraph prevent member state introduc rule evid favour plaintiff paragraph appli crimin procedur paragraph appli proceed brought accord articl member state appli paragraph proceed court compet author investig fact case articl victimis member state introduc nation legal system measur protect person advers treatment advers consequ reaction complaint legal proceed aim enforc complianc principl equal treatment articl dialogu relev stakehold view promot principl equal treatment member state encourag dialogu relev stakehold accord nation law practic legitim interest contribut fight discrimin ground sex area access suppli good servic chapter iii bodi promot equal treatment articl member state design make arrang bodi bodi promot analysi monitor support equal treatment person discrimin ground sex bodi form part agenc charg nation level defenc human right safeguard individu right implement principl equal treatment member state ensur compet bodi refer paragraph includ prejudic right victim associ organis legal entiti refer articl provid independ assist victim discrimin pursu complaint discrimin conduct independ survei discrimin publish independ report make recommend issu relat discrimin chapter iv final provis articl complianc member state measur ensur principl equal treatment respect relat access suppli good servic scope direct law regul administr provis contrari principl equal treatment abolish contractu provis intern rule undertak rule govern profit make profit make associ contrari principl equal treatment declar null void amend articl penalti member state lai rule penalti applic infring nation provis adopt pursuant direct measur ensur appli penalti compris payment compens victim effect proportion dissuas member state notifi provis commiss decemb latest notifi delai subsequ amend affect articl dissemin inform member state care provis adopt pursuant direct relev provis forc brought attent person concern mean territori articl report member state commun inform applic direct commiss decemb year commiss draw summari report includ review current practic member state relat articl regard sex factor calcul premium benefit submit report european parliament council decemb commiss accompani report propos modifi direct commiss report account viewpoint relev stakehold articl transposit member state bring forc law regul administr provis compli direct decemb latest forthwith commun commiss text provis member state adopt measur refer direct accompani refer occas offici public method make public refer laid member state member state commun commiss text main provis nation law adopt field cover direct articl entri forc direct enter forc dai public offici journal european union articl addresse direct address member state brussel decemb council presid bot opinion deliv march publish offici journal oj oj oj oj oj