council direct euratom june health protect individu danger ioniz radiat relat medic exposur repeal direct euratom council european union regard treati establish european atom energi commun articl thereof regard propos commiss drawn obtain opinion group person appoint scientif technic committe regard opinion european parliament regard opinion econom social committe council adopt direct lai basic safeti standard protect health worker gener public danger aris ioniz radiat amend direct euratom accord articl treati member state lai provis legisl regul administr action ensur complianc basic standard establish measur regard teach educ vocat train septemb council adopt direct euratom lai basic measur radiat protect person undergo medic examin treatment medic exposur continu constitut major sourc exposur artifici sourc ioniz radiat european union citizen ioniz radiat enabl great progress made aspect medicin practic caus medic exposur carri optim radiat protect condit recogn develop scientif knowledg field radiat protect appli medic exposur intern commiss radiolog protect review subject recommend develop make repeal direct euratom direct euratom lai basic safeti standard protect worker administ medic exposur member public direct ensur total contribut exposur popul review health safeti requir includ radiat protect aspect design manufactur place market medic devic dealt council direct eec june medic devic pursuant articl direct relev direct adopt euratom treati affect provis set radiat protect requir medic radiolog instal date commenc oper provis adapt protect exposur incur volunt person knowingli willingli help person undergo medic examin treatment committe minist council europ adopt februari recommend medic research human be inter alia set ethic committe detail requir need correct applic justif optim principl relat exposur scope direct respons administ medic exposur set train staff involv establish qualiti assur audit programm inspect compet author ensur medic exposur deliv good radiat protect condit specif provis special practic pregnant breastfeed femal volunt research help person potenti exposur account adopt direct articl purpos scope direct supplement direct euratom lai gener principl radiat protect individu relat exposur refer paragraph direct appli medic exposur exposur patient part medic diagnosi treatment exposur individu part occup health surveil exposur individu part health screen programm exposur healthi individu patient voluntarili particip medic biomed diagnost therapeut research programm exposur individu part medico legal procedur direct appli exposur individu knowingli willingli help part occup support comfort individu undergo medic exposur articl definit purpos direct term mean assign clinic audit systemat examin review medic radiolog procedur seek improv qualiti outcom patient care structur review radiolog practic procedur result examin agre standard good medic radiolog procedur modif practic applic standard clinic respons respons individu medic exposur attribut practition notabl justif optim clinic evalu outcom cooper specialist staff practic aspect obtain inform previou examin provid exist radiolog inform record practition prescrib requir give inform risk ioniz radiat patient individu involv compet author author design member state diagnost refer level dose level medic radiodiagnost practic case radio pharmaceut level activ typic examin group standard size patient standard phantom broadli defin type equip level expect exceed standard procedur good normal practic diagnost technic perform appli dose constraint restrict prospect dose individu result defin sourc plan stage radiat protect optim involv exposur process expos ioniz radiat health screen procedur radiolog instal earli diagnosi popul group risk holder natur legal person legal respons nation law radiolog instal individu detriment clinic observ deleteri effect express individu descend appear delai case impli probabl certainti appear inspect inspect investig compet author verifi complianc nation provis radiolog protect medic radiolog procedur equip radiolog instal medic physic expert expert radiat physic radiat technolog appli exposur scope direct train compet act recogn compet author act advic patient dosimetri develop complex techniqu equip optim qualiti assur includ qualiti control matter relat radiat protect exposur scope direct medic radiolog procedur procedur medic exposur medico legal procedur procedur perform insur legal purpos medic indic occup health surveil medic surveil worker member state compet author patient dose dose patient individu undergo medic exposur patient dosimetri dosimetri patient individu undergo medic exposur practic aspect physic conduct exposur refer articl support aspect includ handl radiolog equip assess technic physic paramet includ radiat dose calibr mainten equip prepar administr radio pharmaceut develop film practition medic doctor dentist health profession entitl clinic respons individu medic exposur accord nation requir prescrib medic doctor dentist health profession entitl refer individu medic exposur practition accord nation requir qualiti assur plan systemat action provid adequ confid structur system compon procedur perform satisfactorili compli agre standard qualiti control part qualiti assur set oper program coordin implement intend maintain improv qualiti cover monitor evalu mainten requir level characterist perform equip defin measur control radiolog pertain radiodiagnost radiotherapeut procedur intervent radiolog plan guid radiolog radiolog instal facil radiolog equip radiodiagnost pertain vivo diagnost nuclear medicin medic diagnost radiolog dental radiolog radiotherapeut pertain radiotherapi includ nuclear medicin therapeut purpos articl justif medic exposur refer articl show suffici net benefit weigh total potenti diagnost therapeut benefit produc includ direct health benefit individu benefit societi individu detriment exposur take account efficaci benefit risk altern techniqu object involv exposur ioniz radiat type practic involv medic exposur justifi advanc gener adopt exist type practic involv medic exposur review import evid efficaci consequ acquir individu medic exposur justifi advanc take account specif object exposur characterist individu involv type practic involv medic exposur justifi gener specif individu exposur type justifi special circumst evalu case case basi prescrib practition member state seek practic obtain previou diagnost inform medic record relev plan exposur data avoid unnecessari exposur medic exposur biomed medic research examin ethic committe set accord nation procedur compet author special attent justif medic exposur direct health benefit person undergo exposur exposur medico legal ground exposur refer articl show suffici net benefit take account direct health benefit patient benefit individu refer articl detriment exposur exposur justifi prohibit articl optim dose due medic exposur radiolog purpos radiotherapeut procedur refer articl low achiev consist obtain requir diagnost inform take account econom social factor medic exposur individu radiotherapeut purpos mention articl exposur target volum individu plan take account dose target volum tissu low achiev consist intend radiotherapeut purpos exposur member state promot establish diagnost refer level radiodiagnost examin refer articl avail guidanc purpos regard european diagnost refer level ensur biomed medic research project mention articl individu concern particip voluntarili individu inform risk exposur dose constraint establish individu direct medic benefit expect exposur case patient voluntarili accept undergo experiment diagnost therapeut practic expect receiv diagnost therapeut benefit practic target level dose plan individu basi practition prescrib ensur special attent dose aris medico legal exposur refer articl low achiev optim process includ select equip consist product adequ diagnost inform therapeut outcom practic aspect qualiti assur includ qualiti control assess evalu patient dose administ activ take account econom social factor member state ensur dose constraint establish exposur refer articl individu knowingli willingli help part occup support comfort patient undergo medic diagnosi treatment guidanc establish exposur refer articl case patient undergo treatment diagnosi radionuclid practition holder radiolog instal patient legal guardian written instruct view restrict dose person contact patient achiev provid inform risk ioniz radiat instruct hand leav hospit clinic similar institut articl respons prescrib practition involv member state justif process level member state ensur medic exposur refer articl effect clinic respons practition practic aspect procedur part deleg holder radiolog instal practition individu entitl act respect recogn field special member state ensur lai procedur observ case medico legal examin articl procedur written protocol type standard radiolog practic establish equip member state ensur recommend referr criteria medic exposur includ radiat dose prescrib medic exposur radiotherapeut practic medic physic expert close involv standard therapeut nuclear medicin practic diagnost nuclear medicin practic medic physic expert radiolog practic medic physic expert involv consult optim includ patient dosimetri qualiti assur includ qualiti control give advic matter relat radiat protect medic exposur requir clinic audit carri accord nation procedur member state ensur local review undertaken diagnost refer level consist exceed correct action articl train member state ensur practition individu mention articl adequ theoret practic train purpos radiolog practic relev compet radiat protect purpos member state ensur curricula establish recogn diploma certif formal qualif individu undergo relev train programm particip practic aspect procedur mention articl member state ensur continu educ train qualif provid special case clinic techniqu organ train relat techniqu relev radiat protect requir member state encourag introduct radiat protect basic curriculum medic dental school articl equip member state step view avoid unnecessari prolifer radiolog equip member state ensur radiolog equip strict surveil radiat protect date inventori radiolog equip radiolog instal compet author qualiti assur programm includ qualiti control measur patient dose administ activ assess implement holder radiolog instal accept test carri equip clinic purpos perform test regular basi major mainten procedur compet author step ensur measur holder radiolog instal improv inadequ defect featur equip adopt specif criteria accept equip order remedi action includ take equip servic case fluoroscopi examin imag intensif equival techniqu justifi prohibit fluoroscop examin devic control dose rate limit justifi circumst radiodiagnost equip practic devic inform practition quantiti radiat produc equip radiolog procedur articl special practic member state ensur radiolog equip practic techniqu ancillari equip medic exposur children part health screen programm involv high dose patient intervent radiolog comput tomographi radiotherapi special attent qualiti assur programm includ qualiti control measur patient dose administ activ assess mention articl practic member state ensur practition individu refer articl perform exposur refer paragraph obtain train radiolog practic requir articl articl special protect pregnanc breastfeed case femal childbear ag prescrib practition inquir member state pregnant breastfeed relev pregnanc exclud depend type medic exposur abdomin pelvic region involv special attent justif urgenc optim medic exposur take account exposur expect mother unborn child case breastfeed femal nuclear medicin depend type medic examin treatment special attent justif urgenc optim medic exposur take account exposur mother child prejudic articl measur contribut increas awar women subject articl public notic place help articl potenti exposur member state ensur reason step reduc probabl magnitud accident unintend dose patient radiolog practic econom social factor account main emphasi accid prevent equip procedur radiotherapi attent paid accid diagnost equip work instruct written protocol refer articl qualiti assur programm refer articl criteria refer articl relev purpos articl estim popul dose member state ensur distribut individu dose estim medic exposur refer articl determin popul relev refer group popul deem member state articl inspect member state ensur system inspect defin articl enforc provis introduc complianc direct articl transposit member state law member state bring forc law regul administr provis compli direct forthwith inform commiss thereof member state adopt measur refer direct accompani refer occas offici public method make refer adopt member state member state commun commiss text main law regul administr provis adopt field cover direct articl repeal direct euratom repeal effect articl direct address member state luxembourg june council presid nui oj 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