commiss decis januari declar concentr compat common market eea agreement case comp air liquid boc notifi document number english text authent text eea relev ec commiss european commun regard treati establish european commun regard agreement european econom area articl thereof regard council regul eec decemb control concentr undertak amend regul ec articl thereof regard commiss decis septemb initi proceed case undertak concern opportun make view object rais commiss regard opinion advisori committe concentr august commiss receiv notif pursuant articl regul eec merger regul propos concentr undertak air liquid sa air liquid acquir control mean articl merger regul part undertak boc group plc boc public bid implement jointli undertak air product chemic air product subsequ divis busi asset boc septemb commiss decid accord articl merger regul articl eea agreement initi proceed case advisori committe discuss draft decis januari parti air liquid intern group activ field industri gase relat busi cogener electr steam engin weld cut equip consum dive medic equip servic relat product compani suppli industri gase industri includ iron steel refin chemic glass electron paper pulp metallurgi food process health care aerospac industri air liquid world largest produc distributor industri gase term turnov boc involv product distribut industri gase relat equip distribut servic vacuum technolog compani produc market main atmospher gase nitrogen oxygen argon hydrogen carbon dioxid helium acetylen liquefi petroleum ga special gase term turnov boc world largest produc distributor industri gase ii oper concentr notifi acquisit part boc juli air liquid air product announc joint pre condit recommend cash offer rule unit kingdom takeov code share boc bidco corpor vehicl establish purpos acquisit obtain regulatori approv includ european commiss compani oblig proce post offer sharehold air liquid air product agre divid busi asset boc complet bid agreement juli amend juli agreement accord agre plan divis air liquid acquir boc oper eea unit kingdom ireland oper eea air product acquir remain boc oper respect boc intellectu properti consist patent patent technolog includ softwar air liquid air product intend make arrang give undertak equal access intellectu properti section agreement present notif concern busi asset boc air liquid propos acquir asset locat unit kingdom ireland previou acquisit januari air liquid acquir industri gase busi boc franc belgium netherland germani acquisit notifi bundeskartellamt german feder cartel author conseil de la concurr belgian competit servic competit author clear acquisit acquisit notifi nederlands mededingsautoriteit dutch competit author issu quot jurisdict quot decis transact refer paragraph place year period undertak treat concentr present procedur pursuant subparagraph articl merger regul iii commun dimens air liquid boc combin aggreg worldwid turnov eur million eur million air liquid approxim eur million boc aggreg commun wide turnov parti exce eur million eur million air liquid eur million boc undertak concern achiev third aggreg commun wide turnov member state notifi concentr commun dimens iv assess articl merger regul relev product market industri gase busi air liquid boc overlap product distribut industri gase industri gase gase manufactur process research healthcar relat applic parti produc distribut atmospher gase air gase atmospher gase gase produc sourc air atmospher gase nitrogen air oxygen air argon air rare gase krypton neon xenon account thousandth air product air gase base cryogen air separ technolog involv multi step complex process air liquefi low temperatur separ compon remov level distil column air separ process includ pressur swing adsorpt psa vacuum pressur swing adsorpt vpsa process produc oxygen nitrogen membran separ product nitrogen hydrogen abund hydrocarbon petroleum product produc steam reform natur ga naphtha chemic mean hydrocrack hydrogen manufactur oil chemic compani carbon dioxid produc natur well combust hydrocarbon industri gase compani bui carbon dioxid chemic petrochem compani acetylen gaseou hydrocarbon gener produc reaction calcium carbid water extract chemic sourc helium obtain natur ga helium content helium rich natur ga product process includ extract crude helium approxim helium nitrogen purif refin order obtain pure helium higher puriti notifi parti consid separ market exist wholesal helium commiss investig confirm wholesal market suppli refin helium retail resal parti concentr sell call special gase compris refriger electron light gase special gase chemic molecul requir electron industri manufactur semiconductor step manufactur process call electron special gase esg silan sih deposit layer pure silicon silicon oxid surfac wafer arsin ash phosphin ph dope addit dopant surfac wafer order chang semiconductor properti nitrogentrifluorid nf hexafluoroethan carbontetrafluorid cf etch order remov materi surfac wafer creat integr circuit pattern tungstenhexafluorid wf metal deposit hexafluoroethan nitrogentrifluorid clean agent princip industri gase set tabl tabl gt tabl gt sourc natwest secur quot industri gase quot industri gener share view ga constitut separ product market gase principl substitut specif carbon dioxid argon weld custom gener substitut realist option repli commiss inquiri receiv applic price differ degre integr ga custom specif applic process larg exclud substitut gase practic purpos case commiss consid oxygen nitrogen argon hydrogen carbon dioxid acetylen wholesal helium electron special gase constitut separ product market suppli method industri gase suppli form gaseou liquid distribut channel tonnag bulk cylind tonnag sale place demand air gase involv larg quantiti oxygen nitrogen custom industri user instanc petrochem chemic steel refin glass industri suppli place dedic product plant instal custom site quot site quot air separ unit mean pipelin link case air separ unit built close site custom dedic requir custom product deliv gaseou form directli suppli plant pipe connect plant industri site custom supplier own site plant oper basi long term contract year ongo mainten support geograph area densiti custom make econom viabl link air separ unit pipelin network built northern franc belgium netherland ga oxygen nitrogen deliv specif pipe notifi parti method suppli altern volum tonn dai hour tonn dai tpd site air separ plant cryogen cryogen satisfi demand oxygen nitrogen tpd rang suppli bulk smaller site unit produc nitrogen oxygen larger unit produc quantiti ga suppli bulk larg tonnag busi hydrogen produc transport gaseou form gase deliv bulk gener produc liquid form liquefact plant construct site tonnag plant avoid invest pipelin liquid gase transport road rail tanker supplier plant site custom store liquid form transform gaseou form ga transport store specif dedic equip air gase requir transport low temperatur cryogen trailer deliveri cylind quantiti request custom small rang month month quantiti custom demand serv bulk gase produc fill cylind gaseou form carbon dioxid deliv liquid form cylind fill distribut supplier product plant altern liquid gase transport tanker cylind fill centr order transform compress ga cylind size hold ga pressur transport directli custom depot suppli retail custom carri import cylind custom serv directli industri gase compani smaller custom suppli depot holder volum cylind gase limit import term revenu consider significantli higher price relat charg cylind sale industri gener view distribut method separ product market commiss view previou case price gase cost transport rent safeti charg differ depend form deliveri commiss consid tonnag bulk cylind suppli oxygen nitrogen bulk cylind suppli argon includ argon mixtur hydrogen carbon dioxid acetylen wholesal suppli helium suppli electron special gase constitut relev product market note market nonetheless inter relat strong posit tonnag market confer competit advantag bulk market vice versa relev geograph market tonnag notifi parti argu relev market qualifi worldwid commiss note notifi parti posit inconsist assert procedur intern assess procedur notifi parti stress boc busi oper unit state part world notifi parti plan acquir effect competit eea statement contradict notion world market commiss review intern document notifi parti analys competit law aspect plan acquisit document assess plan transact impact refer area wider europ mention made wider refer area world market commiss conclud posit notifi parti oral hear contradict usual assess relev geograph market oral hear notifi parti submit industri gase compani technic construct site separ plant world notifi parti infer market worldwid mere fact supplier technolog abil provid good worldwid suffici justifi conclus market long term suppli contract put tender analysi focu supplier compet contract geograph area supplier compet homogen condit geograph area commiss investig confirm distinct group industri gase compani establish eea compet tonnag suppli contract eea regular basi aga air liquid air product boc lind messer praxair limit extent smaller compani siad sol contrast number compani establish region world activ eea firstli notifi parti state compani capabl technolog construct air separ unit hitachi kobe steel psi cryogenmash kaifeng sechuan air sep hang yang cosmodyn commiss found indic tonnag custom eea request offer suppli compani major industri ga supplier nippon sanso airga activ compet tonnag contract eea argu technolog regulatori barrier theori prevent european compani activ europ advantag confer establish presenc exist custom prefer render highli notifi parti correct assert quot bid quot tonnag contract take place worldwid basi industri gase compani compet contract basi establish presenc eea industri gase compani establish acquir local subsidiari joint ventur region intend activ local subsidiari respons penetr region market compil submit offer provid ongo custom relat technic support contract conclud industri gase compani confirm compet tonnag contract region establish local presenc region aga state make offer area establish market presenc europ midwest unit state brazil compani contempl stand activ lind compet site contract long term local presenc subsidiari messer confirm invest site project local subsidiari joint ventur praxair air product european industri gase compani activ europ establish european headquart conduct tonnag busi europ praxair state local team engin eea locat oevel belgium respons obtain site contract design site project carri contract global plant design adapt eea market order includ local compon plant mainten major repair case plant breakdown plant upgrad contract term carri european represent staff europ rare involv negoti contract mainten ongo custom relat air product confirm oper european tonnag busi similar fashion custom confirm assess custom contact commiss tonnag contract industri gase compani compani establish europ custom contact compani award tonnag contract commiss conclud perspect european tonnag custom supplier establish presenc eea elig commiss investig shown condit competit tonnag market homogen eea condit appreci area world eea distinguish region world firstli price competit tonnag contract determin object factor differ region world tonnag contract establish long term suppli relationship year supplier custom tonnag contract requir supplier make high capit invest excess eur million expect return capit invest decis criterion industri gase compani compet price region supplier determin expect return capit relat perceiv risk region due long term natur contract high invest involv currenc risk gener econom polit framework region countri import industri gase compani establish threshold expect minimum return invest threshold differ geograph region gase compani compet tonnag contract region countri higher perceiv risk compani add premium expect minimum return addit smaller industri gase compani forc financ initi invest part seek loan local local subsidiari case price offer depend financ condit region countri element result region differ price set notifi parti stress quot europ attract risk free zone quot whilst acknowledg relev risk vari enorm part world variat currenc risk obviou competitor confirm assess industri gener distinguish develop market matur market respect tonnag market notifi parti state notif quot distinguish matur market highli industrialis structur european union develop market industri develop industri ga usag applic process expans south east asia quot distinct made parti intern document commiss review oral hear boc state achiev significantli higher return develop market condit demand differ world region notifi parti state hear rate product unit state europ asia final commiss date qualifi market characterist similar tonnag market worldwid earlier decis commiss found market commod trade commod exchang worldwid industri gase question suppli manner tailor made site plant vari condit accord custom specif requir world market accept larg engin high tech product transport custom world present product market concern suppli equip tonnag suppli industri gase basi long term contract distinguish sale air separ plant engin project base relationship custom commiss conclud geograph refer market tonnag suppli industri gase eea bulk cylind gase investig case parallel case comp lind aga confirm high puriti high gase includ helium electron special gase lesser extent carbon dioxid industri gase econom distribut custom locat approxim kilometr product facil individu product facil catchment area defin circl radiu centr facil larger member state catchment area connect overlap cover member state sap supplier enter swap arrang order reduc transport cost notifi parti submit list swap agreement show conclud agreement bulk cylind gase eea countri activ competit relationship larg supplier bulk cylind market limit region competit nationwid geograph market bulk cylind gase limit individu member state distribut system member state market structur neighbour member state complet instanc market bulk cylind gase franc air liquid market share order whilst market share germani essenti data submit notifi parti show signific price differ member state confirm parti data commiss conclud market bulk cylind gase gener wider nation scope high puriti high gase helium helium extract natur ga refin liquefi limit number site locat unit state kansa oklahoma texa wyom algeria bethouia poland odolanov western russia orenburg refin helium transport product site resel retail custom special transport equip cryogen transport contain eea suppli helium sourc locat europ poland close europ algeria western russia helium suppli eea sourc sourc locat europ algeria poland russia suppli world region limit extent commiss estim approxim helium demand eea suppli sourc locat europ import unit state vari time occur larg singl wholesal contract notifi parti argu sourc refin helium algeria oper medium term expect import unit state reduc consider helium suppli unit state algeria poland russia liquid helium technic transport long distanc number factor imped long distanc transport mere transport cost freight freight forward cost import export cost contain rental helium volatil product low temperatur maintain entir transport period order ga liquid greater time involv shipment helium ga produc liquid helium warm inevit mean product loss occur longer transport distanc intern studi submit industri gase compani state contain algeria poland carri liquid helium contain unit state due shorter transport time cost product lost addit cool cost incur order minimis heat leak transport distanc increas cost relat liquid nitrogen helium fill liquid contain shield order product cool contain warm due longer transport time cool reus contain rent cool charg incur import cost factor transport helium number cryogen contain need invest notifi parti state round trip helium contain unit state europ take dai algeria dai eastern europ dai travel time increas number round trip contain year decreas basi figur utilis rate contain unit state import time lower algeria time lower eastern europ larger number contain need transport unit state fix cost increas consider relat product transport demand side wholesal custom smaller industri gase compani view avail liquid helium sourc locat close market area demand take place critic disadvantag result long distanc transport maximis secur suppli minimis risk disrupt account helium kei product industri gase compani smaller essenti element portfolio suppli side supplier access refin helium unit state seek suppli european custom helium sourc algeria poland russia purchas helium competitor import helium produc hous unit state meet demand sourc locat closer wholesal compet homogen condit world eea helium demand suppli unit state helium sourc account world capac case investig reveal market price refin helium set world level trade flow algeria poland russia unit state repres approxim global helium consumpt limit trade flow algeria part world europ helium sourc limit extent compet helium unit state data submit main wholesal helium wholesal price eea averag higher averag world price characterist led commiss accept world market previou case present case world market commod metal miner found exist price set commod metal exchang link trade exchang similar price set mechan exist refin helium price helium set individu wholesal contract global market price element suggest refer market compris wholesal refin helium eea definit market delin left open notifi oper rais competit concern wholesal market consid worldwid electron special gase notifi parti claim relev geograph market special gase suppli cylind electron industri eea wide worldwid scope electron special gase produc chemic compani instanc industri gase compani purchas process packag industri gase compani final sold custom electron industri produc semiconductor notifi parti argu activ field quot transfil quot electron special gase suppli product end custom distributor commiss inquiri suppli base gase produc industri gase compani distinguish suppli process gase relat servic product industri gase compani end custom main industri gase compani air product praxair air liquid boc quot transfil centr quot eea serv custom eea custom suppli transfil centr eea quot transfil quot describ product purif mix fill electron special gase detail custom specif highli specialis process individu ga specif undergo certif process year certif relat specif product site transfil centr final ga mix sourc electron special gase deliv handl specialis contain instanc order maintain puriti level handl toxic gase review air liquid boc market public confirm specialis packag form constitu part product offer servic perform level quot transfil quot centr eea level ad product distribut electron special gase gener eea level gase compani oper quot transfil quot activ import presenc eea establish oper european product capac illustr fact recent nippon sanso signific supplier electron special gase unit state virtual activ eea compani recent enter european market set european joint ventur messer abil deal semiconductor compani global advantag market investig conduct commiss shown purchas decis made end custom local level notifi parti submit suppli electron special gase semiconductor industri discuss custom corpor level actual purchas order electron special gase decid manag issu local site take account specif factor commiss conclud market electron special gase eea competit assess tonnag market air gase market structur air liquid boc highest market share european tonnag market air gase market share parti competitor european tonnag market set tabl tabl european tonnag market standard air gase gt tabl gt propos concentr creat largest tonnag supplier standard air gase europ combin entiti hold market tonnag oxygen nitrogen competitor significantli weaker oxygen market largest supplier lind reach air liquid boc sale nitrogen market remain suppli dispers competitor reach air liquid boc sale air liquid boc combin strength appar number site suppli contract won criterion market posit set tabl tabl site contract won year gt tabl gt note figur tabl cover contract site suppli gase pipelin suppli contract systemat includ air liquid lead european pipelin supplier tabl underst number contract won notif air liquid submit quot produc share tonnag sale simpli irrelev quot analys structur market consid tonnag market quot bid market quot notifi parti suggest reli number player measur assess competit present context consider suffici firstli specif evid pattern past longer reflect present situat reason assum supplier market share indic strength number contract award confirm market share analysi incumb supplier largest number suppli relationship combin entiti establish market posit enjoi clear lead competitor procedur notifi parti stress quot contest quot tonnag market ensur competit notion contest tonnag contract start quot quot supplier sale compet equal term accept investig shown dynam competit tonnag contract incumb supplier posit compet renew contract establish market posit reflect supplier market power commiss note combin posit air liquid boc measur count number contract recent won order assess extent quot incumb quot joint posit stronger term sale turnov tabl judg number contract won competitor enjoi remot similar posit incumb contract holder advantag base factor suppli tonnag gase typic involv close work relationship custom present supplier incumb supplier current suppli contract expir offer renew earli stage virtu ongo work relationship custom incumb learn custom intent extend modifi exist suppli agreement custom plan contract chang exist contract case seek advic current supplier defin term suppli arrang site plant capac extens incumb supplier involv project plan stage includ industri gase compani offer request detail knowledg custom advantag respond request subsequ negoti element lead conclus custom chang supplier competitor submit offer advantag equival site contract renew incumb supplier offer advantag financi term discount follow contract case initi invest site plant fulli written case incumb supplier propos favour condit reus equip instal exist facil incumb make econom offer custom demand evolv necessit chang site contract expiri contractu term instanc addit capac requir incumb offer extend capac exist plant altern build singl plant aggreg capac competitor offer build addit plant site econom solut custom demand high requir plant site prefer supplier order reduc administr cost oper plant coordin econom custom contact commiss confirm incumb advantag competitor confirm gain contract extens renew exist custom conclus drawn bid histori submit industri gase compani instanc list renew extens exist contract won boc illustr import incumb relationship custom final boc document assess posit boc process system site market confirm analysi statement made document quot matur stronghold difficult break tradit commerci approach incumb strong potenti growth develop countri difficult access boc incumb exclus leverag exist custom gener natur growth quot propos concentr remov import competitor acquir boc air liquid remov largest competitor term market share eea tonnag market elimin boc competit forc result signific deterior market structur conclud boc data compani compet activ tonnag suppli contract eea addit unit kingdom kei industri region belgium netherland itali franc germani spain note past boc submit offer larg site plant plan capac number competitor plan carri larg project limit propos concentr remov competitor remov lead site supplier propos concentr reduc potenti competit european tonnag market presenc credibl competitor import market larg project award contract cover long term number elig supplier limit custom reli contract award procedur mean ensur competit term boc lead tonnag supplier worldwid europ strength relev area boc consid competit process technolog cryogen air separ technolog vacuum pressur swing adsorpt technolog leader technolog instanc respect small medium size oxygen plant technolog line ico gener site suppli extrem capit intens boc supplier capabl financ invest larg project industri analyst boc strong capabl respect larg site plant project execut summaris boc consid industri gase compani strong competit potenti remov competit potenti concentr market reduc custom choic plan transact combin entrench posit unit kingdom entrench posit franc strong posit kei region europ figur provid notifi parti confirm commiss inquiri boc tonnag oxygen proport tonnag nitrogen unit kingdom estim air liquid provid largest proport tonnag gase franc oxygen nitrogen posit belgium similarli strong air liquid strong signific presenc countri itali spain specif strength commiss accept addit market share paramet assess tonnag supplier market power investig shown refer addit aspect combin entiti strongest supplier combin entiti strength deriv air liquid strong posit increas ad boc posit result combin import tonnag supplier europ creat supplier superior competitor element consid notifi oper creat market structur strongest supplier term parti combin market posit strongest respect kei competit paramet confront combin entiti comprehens strength remain industri gase supplier sever disadvantag compet tonnag contract air liquid boc establish infrastructur eea respect home countri franc unit kingdom ireland air liquid boc product facil industri gase extens infrastructur distribut gase bulk cylind recit network give compani superior product capac superior access bulk cylind custom plan transact combin network air liquid establish product distribut infrastructur number european countri benelux countri denmark germani greec itali portug spain sweden pan european infrastructur compris stand product plant liquid gase plant dedic plant plant dedic custom excess product capac bulk cylind market small site product plant cylind fill facil tabl set air liquid european product distribut network countri franc countri list tabl air liquid establish cylind fill facil line size market concern except finland dedic plant exist major countri cylind fill network cover full rang gase includ number facil capabl fill high gase higher transport radiu argon argon mixtur gase includ special gase local product distribut infrastructur confer competit advantag local product capac liquid gase facilit provis back small medium size tonnag plant back provid captiv product supplier enter arrang purchas merchant liquid market guarante penalti payment custom altern impos addit cost put tonnag supplier competit disadvantag local distribut infrastructur tonnag supplier creat dedic site plant requir tonnag contract capac exceed demand tonnag custom extra capac call quot piggi back quot product liquefi sold bulk cylind market cost advantag tonnag suppli result economi scale invest addit incom bulk cylind sale cost advantag achiev quot rout market quot ensur compani distribut network final local infrastructur facilit mainten support site plant aspect custom servic repli statement object notifi parti disput import local product distribut infrastructur back excess liquid sale begin procedur notifi parti stress import local infrastructur allow liquid back quot piggi back quot product establish tonnag busi studi submit procedur notifi parti state liquid back deliveri relev custom requir amount tpd repli statement object notifi parti suggest custom tpd back deliveri bulk inappropri commiss find claim credibl commiss maintain dens network liquid ga product facil advantag provid back site plant liquid plant locat close site plant lower number tanker trailer need suppli quantiti liquid gase render emerg back feasibl larger quantiti costli notifi parti case confirm notif back servic infrastructur import smaller site plant suppli plant highli profit fast grow recognis back provid produc liquid gase site plant store tank method open competitor repli statement object notifi parti present altern ensur back favour supplier larg market presenc product capac increas plant renew plant part order provid spare capac back method suitabl larg quantiti instanc air liquid tpd tonnag plant antwerp back tpd plant reserv back method favour strong incumb supplier combin entiti larg number tonnag plant place notifi parti commiss overestim import simultan piggi back product liquid gase sale bulk market notifi parti number tonnag contract includ simultan product decreas develop explain air liquid larg exist bulk capac extend product infrastructur competitor aga lind praxair attribut import simultan product tonnag plant notifi parti appear current market condit import simultan liquid product decreas product tonnag liquid gase offer signific cost advantag notifi parti cost oper combin tonnag liquid plant lower combin stand tonnag plant stand liquefi creat singl supplier superior product distribut infrastructur propos concentr afford air liquid boc structur advantag compet tonnag contract basi data provid competitor conclud product distribut infrastructur similar geograph coverag air liquid boc competitor enjoi advantag combin entiti build posit lead european oper pipelin industri gase compani pursu vari degre strategi link product site custom site pipelin approach region cluster volum user industri gase locat steel produc chemic compani paper glass manufactur call quot industri basin quot kind pipelin distinguish quot local distribut pipelin quot quot interconnect pipelin quot local distribut pipelin primari structur connect industri gase compani air separ plant site gase user custom quot industri basin quot local distribut pipelin high transfer capac suffici satisfi demand multipl custom length limit geograph dimens industri region concern interconnect pipelin constitut secondari structur pipelin link local pipelin network industri region signific distanc creat larger region network interconnect pipelin lower transfer capac local distribut pipelin main industri gase compani european pipelin network summaris set tabl tabl pipelin km gt tabl gt continent europ air liquid control extens network local distribut pipelin import quot industri basin quot antwerp region lièg region mon charleroi region belgium netherland dunkerqu region fo sur mer region metz region le havr region franc limito region padova region itali industri gase compani access pipelin confin region air product gent terneuzen messer ruhrgebiet lind leuna buna ruhrgebiet praxair spain competitor network neglig comparison air liquid air liquid compani control extens interconnect pipelin northern franc belgium unit kingdom boc control pipelin grid import industri region sheffield scunthorp teesid grangemouth margham southampton competitor access pipelin grid similar air liquid control pipelin network afford owner structur advantag competitor firstli economi scale achiev construct larger air separ unit feed region pipelin network individu unit built custom air liquid boc feed pipelin grid larg air separ unit asu oxygen capac tpd air liquid case tpd return capit product oper cost advantag abil construct larger plant develop larg product capac region improv cost base product bulk liquid gase constitut sourc incom thirdli addit capit invest connect custom exist pipelin limit compar construct dedic plant custom site altern open competitor pipelin coverag industri region multipl gase user consider advantag compet potenti custom fourthli control interconnect pipelin partial back event plant breakdown interconnect pipelin capac insuffici fulli suppli local group custom view cost liquid back advantag consider interconnect pipelin balanc product plant feed pipelin system facilit capac utilis repli statement object notifi parti state commiss misunderstood role pipelin tonnag market notifi parti state product capac pipelin length kei factor term tonnag activ set recit specif strength pipelin oper aris precis fact build superior capac basi pipelin network air liquid posit industri triangl rotterdam mon charleroi lièg demonstr advantag air liquid air separ unit link region pipelin system account entir industri capac region rise air liquid air separ unit dunkerqu link pipelin system ad air liquid capac exce competitor air product praxair lind made signific invest region notifi parti argu industri ga pipelin distribut pipelin local distribut pipelin primari pipelin structur serv precis distribut industri gase custom boc intern analysi contradict notifi parti statement boc document analys posit boc process system site market rank air liquid industri gase compani quot pipelin grid strength quot quot high quot document state pipelin oper quot attempt lock busi pipelin grid quot quot pipelin grid remain power profit driver quot pipelin connect benefit custom abil meet demand peak easier back competit condit pipelin oper lower cost theori pass custom lead lower price risk creation strong exclus control pipelin network long term creat situat competitor longer compet custom ultim disadvantag custom incumb pipelin supplier longer forc competit pass lower cost firstli strong structur advantag result air liquid boc control larg pipelin network leverag competitor extent exclud win tonnag contract region concern foreclosur competitor access pipelin network offer custom dedic site plant substanti lower invest cost relat pipelin link incumb pipelin supplier undercut offer econom ration incumb order prevent supplier gain foothold control area situat creat pipelin supplier longer forc competit pass larg part effici gain custom constrain substanti expens site offer cost save pass meet offer custom initi decis favour pipelin contract risk quot lock quot strong posit incumb pipelin supplier remov larg degre choic custom seek renew contract extend capac custom principl seek offer altern supplier pipelin custom realiti choic limit shorter renew period limit capac slight altern supplier simpli find chanc success reduc warrant make offer custom choic fall back exist supplier custom negoti posit weaken fact cost transpar lost individu custom longer posit monitor dedic site plant suppli complex system jointli compani commiss conclud combin entiti reli air liquid consider pipelin coverag element market power respect combin entiti superior competitor exclus control distribut pipelin time longer competitor pipelin deriv posit air liquid exist pipelin network propos concentr add pipelin grid industri region unit kingdom structur advantag air liquid boc enjoi area cover pipelin concentr area supplier compet similar combin entiti domin posit bulk market franc unit kingdom ireland leverag descript air liquid boc domin posit market bulk cylind gase franc unit kingdom ireland refer made recit recit describ domin posit leverag compet tonnag custom industri gase supplier establish bulk suppli relationship custom judg custom demand borderlin tonnag bulk market demand fulfil site liquid suppli parti increasingli suppli custom demand tpd small site plant nitrogen air liquid contract franc boc unit kingdom oxygen psa vpsa cryogen plant built tpd case custom demand grow incumb supplier exist bulk contract leverag seek tonnag contract forese custom demand justifi tonnag suppli end current bulk contract incumb propos tonnag solut knowledg custom make negoti offer build establish relationship custom custom demand move tonnag rang term bulk contract incumb definit supplier offer tonnag suppli possibl quot move quot bulk custom tonnag suppli incumb supplier logist flexibl repres cost advantag instanc acquir tonnag custom incumb build larger site plant order gain excess capac bulk market link custom pipelin incumb improv capac utilis pipelin grid hand incumb limit liquid gase product capac region instanc grow market move bulk custom tonnag reliev situat theori argu industri gase compani build exist bulk suppli contract order obtain tonnag order strong domin posit bulk supplier respect home market air liquid boc bulk custom relationship leverag seek tonnag contract balanc market custom larg compani bulk supplier chang bulk supplier frequent compani domin nation bulk market choic custom combin strong posit import bulk market notifi transact combin advantag enjoi air liquid boc result domin propos transact combin competitor lead technolog project execut capabl consensu industri technolog import factor allow supplier differenti competitor tonnag sector product technolog process technolog kei competit paramet suppli industri gase larg site facil highli capit intens advanc process technolog offer supplier cost advantag instanc term power consumpt reduc emiss capit expenditur notifi parti confirm import process technolog repli statement object strong amp potenti air liquid boc illustr amp expenditur facil air liquid total amp budget eur million emploi research research centr made invent file patent applic air liquid industri partnership agreement intern cooper agreement univers air liquid engin divis staff worldwid design build gase plant boc total amp expenditur eur million emploi research main number smaller research centr cover process system kei industri electron industri boc edward larg number ongo amp cooper agreement parti boc concentr worldwid plant engin capabl process system line busi air liquid boc comprehens state art plant construct technolog importantli engin compani leader instanc product high puriti gase electron industri air product confirm boc competit respect smaller plant tpd rang cryogen product technolog larg site plant chang fundament futur abil make implement continu improv import asset air liquid acquir unlimit access boc process technolog plant engin commiss assum air liquid acquir boc relat amp centr locat unit state addit boc edward research centr unit kingdom capabl plan manag execut larg site project import broad portfolio technolog air liquid boc belong group industri gase compani consid industri analyst lead respect instanc world largest oxygen plant tpd capac built air liquid compani lead cryogen product technolog advanc vpsa gener technolog air liquid world lead provid small membran gener capabl produc nitrogen level puriti technolog make extend site busi area smaller volum user tpd strategi pursu successfulli air liquid past small site contract combin entiti leader area instanc gener gase electr steam call quot expand offer quot competitor serv custom kei industri electron industri high volum contract won air liquid focus amp sector lead industri offer comprehens quot total gase chemic manag quot includ logist detect monitor recycl custom process integr boc gain consider exposur electron sector boc edward subsidiari compani offer electron industri comprehens product rang cover site product high puriti standard gase special gase custom process equip combin strong global presenc air liquid boc offer advantag respect multin custom air liquid pursu strategi accompani larg tonnag custom lead industri compani suppli gase world air liquid annual report set strategi quot air liquid pursu global expans accompani serv custom world quot partnership quot made air liquid global presenc quot boc oper countri gener consid comprehens global coverag industri gase compani global orient result recent reorganis oper global quot line busi quot custom repli global presenc prerequisit order compet tonnag suppli contract custom seek suppli solut region market global presenc give industri gase compani competit advantag respect multin custom establish busi relationship custom prove reliabl region industri gase compani refer compet tonnag suppli contract region gase compani global coverag offer custom concess discount countri exchang contract market particip abil oper global basi repres advantag deal custom compani electron industri industri gase compani limit global exposur lind messer aga disadvantag compet custom posit competitor merg entiti power disincent vigor activ remain competitor air liquid boc strongest tonnag supplier relev respect strength gener natur technolog project execut capabl multi countri infrastructur addit combin entiti region strength strong region suppli posit control pipelin network domin nation bulk market remain competitor share air liquid boc strength competitor lag gener area incent attempt make substanti inroad air liquid boc region stronghold face strong resist combin region strength gener strength entiti lead de facto partit eea market singl larg western european area control air liquid boc hand rest eea multi market contact air liquid boc competitor serv discourag competit remain competitor compet air liquid boc nation bulk cylind market air liquid boc strong instanc tabl competitor incent defer aggress competit order avoid expos counter action air liquid boc remain tonnag supplier consid market particip quot tier quot competitor gener assess competit strength remain tonnag supplier view industri gase compani intern studi prepar air product relat tonnag market distinct made quot tier quot quot tier quot industri gase compani air liquid boc air product praxair belong group lind aga messer note analysi lind aga messer lag respect quot larg site plant project execut capabl quot thing industri analyst share assess remain competitor share air liquid boc specif strength tonnag market europ wide infrastructur control larg pipelin network strong region posit strong posit nation bulk market similar extent link creat air liquid air product joint acquisit divis boc reduc incent compet air product limit market share europ oxygen nitrogen consid lead compani term product technolog site plant project execut link air liquid air product creat joint acquisit divis boc make air product pursu aggress competit air liquid boc recit lind aga merger complet reduc anti competit effect propos concentr term market share lind import competitor oxygen nitrogen acquir aga market share increas oxygen nitrogen gap market share air liquid boc consider oxygen nitrogen lind gener consid lead compani regard product technolog process technolog cryogen air separ plant lind signific hous engin capabl area lack technolog instanc competit membran air separ technolog nitrogen product profit grow sector merger aga add lind technolog compet aga genuin plant engin expertis fact aga lind technolog licenc repli statement object notifi parti stress lind plant construct capabl plant sale activ respect larg cryogen air separ unit lind ag diversifi corpor oper industri gase busi busi divis werksgruppen site air separ unit construct lind industri gase depart werksgrupp technisch gase novemb separ subsidiari lind ag lind engin construct depart werksgrupp anlagenbau lind werksgrupp anlagenbau carri engin project rang sector unrel technic gase past provid cryogen air separ unit werksgrupp technisch gase industri gase compani respect lind werksgrupp anlagenbau act engin compani lind state oral hear see reason plant sale activ strengthen gase suppli activ lind plant construct plant sale activ ensur cryogen technolog gener industri gase compani act equip supplier industri gase compani lind enhanc chanc win tonnag suppli contract directli suppli equip engin contract suppli gase long term suppli relationship belong product market competit strength requir instanc lind access larg pipelin network limit chanc win tonnag custom kei industri region competitor pipelin network constitut strateg disadvantag compet tonnag suppli contract capabl plan execut manag larg site project import technolog expertis industri analyst lind fall quot tier quot industri gase compani respect fact lind won implement compar small number larg site contract year tabl appear confirm assess past prefer licens technolog industri gase compani build plant subcontractor compani suggest lind adopt cautiou polici respect directli implement project assess competit forc lind aga exercis fact lind aga region strength account air liquid boc smaller scale lind aga strong posit quot home quot territori austria scandinavia region germani risk lind aga concentr region enjoi specif competit advantag lower risk reduc level competit messer praxair present effect competit messer praxair share air liquid boc specif strength extent messer fall significantli term market share oxygen nitrogen number contract won tabl plant construct expertis messer face strateg disadvantag compar air liquid boc fact consider smaller industri leader air liquid boc major player air product addit disadvantag compet larg project requir larg financi invest increas level debt significantli recent year messer lack financi strength invest site suppli project signific scale futur messer lack global exposur praxair posit europ limit market share oxygen nitrogen compani strength american market assess futur competit praxair eea tonnag market assess praxair econom incent compet vigor praxair state oral hear spite technolog capabl acquir signific market share europ compani perceiv chanc win contract small competit larg incumb supplier state make major invest order expand european presenc futur appear praxair technolog capabl consid econom ration give prefer invest region world perceiv higher potenti growth basi praxair challeng parti combin posit eea tonnag market extent remov domin posit custom award contract highli concentr suppli face concentr demand custom european tonnag market face highli concentr suppli structur supplier tonnag gase present market number reduc qualifi propos concentr reduc custom choic elimin boc independ competit forc narrow suppli structur reduct number competitor importantli lead tonnag supplier remov boc quot tier quot industri gase compani lead technolog strong invest capabl project execut expertis demand side hand concentr rang industri requir oxygen nitrogen tonnag form instanc steel metal ferrou ferrou chemic petrochem refin electron glass industri industri signific number potenti custom exist custom made request larg site plant offer tpd capac year europ demand smaller signific site plant borderlin bulk tonnag suppli tpd capac includ number custom higher steel chemic petrochem industri larg custom exist notifi parti argu custom compani larger air liquid clear size custom increas bargain power purchas power function size compani respect degre concentr suppli demand singl custom account import share tonnag suppli eea degre concentr purchas side significantli lower suppli side custom concentr procur headquart level exercis bargain power volum purchas leverag notif air liquid state tonnag custom essenti larg worldwid compani steel chemic refin gener centralis purchas function state custom ga requir high volum custom exercis strong bargain power vi vi ga supplier commiss inquiri confirm tonnag custom limit larg multin compani compani centralis procur express view face uphil battl match power gase supplier industri cost industri gase constitut higher proport custom product cost instanc quantiti oxygen argon suppli steel mill larg signific part steel mill variabl cost quantiti oxygen nitrogen suppli product site chemic compani larg absolut term constitut small part custom cost notifi parti oxygen nitrogen typic repres approxim cost product produc case custom oper depend suppli fix quantiti gase cost interrupt suppli high element demand price inelast mere fact purchas larg quantiti custom exercis bargain power vi vi ga supplier introduct quot expand offer quot quot util island quot concept involv gener electr steam result lower cost industri gase supplier custom reduc custom bargain power suppli gase gener electr steam industri gase compani satisfi electr order run site plant custom steam typic requir chemic compani air liquid pioneer method greatest success implement natur comprehens util suppli common joint ventur tradit suppli agreement custom benefit outsourc util find difficult sever symbiot relationship industri gase compani contract expir custom bargain power eventu diminish exist contract award procedur insuffici constrain parti strength notif air liquid submit tonnag market quot bid market quot presenc bidder suffici ensur competit outcom notifi parti definit quot bid market quot clear term meant characteris formal bid process usual award procedur tonnag market fall short process typic bid situat instanc area public procur invit bid publish competitor inform competitor submit bid basi inform condit award decis evalu bid commiss investig shown differenti view award procedur larg site contract standardis tender procedur exist element set recit rais typic custom competitor plan site plant design term refer air liquid state industri gase compani potenti supplier involv dialogu potenti custom project design stage custom compani seek advic industri gase compani plan tonnag solut case larg customis onsit plant need complex project term technolog project plan manag case custom reli advic compet industri gase compani order identifi technic solut requir capac puriti flow rate altern paramet plant design back solut environment consider initi dialogu prolong period time month meet held expert engin level detail technic discuss place process result custom solut specif custom site potenti supplier make signific input defin term refer larg site plant process close joint project develop request offer custom confirm call tender site suppli publish custom contact industri gase compani write oral request offer term refer vari broad descript full detail decis make addit negoti offer receiv addit negoti place incumb supplier basi term offer submit competitor respond basi incumb offer basi custom procur decis basi element commiss assess contract award procedur constrain parti market power set recit note tender procedur tonnag custom except object tender procedur object laid criteria award contract lowest price simpli negoti procedur conduct vari degre supplier negoti procedur competitor possibl modifi offer offer condit negoti exampl provid notifi parti confirm view notifi parti custom plai supplier order obtain deal element negoti procedur limit possibl firstli incumb custom select advic specif plant term refer incumb establish work relationship custom usual award process involv incumb earlier stage competitor propos site solut incumb design correspond capabl incumb make econom offer benefit exist suppli relationship initi invest made case site arrang renew extens modif exist agreement requir detail recit bia competitor limit incent supplier compet fierc bid process bid equal term bid confirm respons custom custom contact repli incumb enjoi advantag bid site suppli contract extens made exist suppli arrang situat bia incumb pronounc custom find difficult obtain compet offer case contract award attract chanc success limit warrant invest make offer situat aris custom seek add limit capac exist suppli arrang instanc custom site suppli contract incumb tpd oxygen addit suppli tpd custom pipelin suppli contract chanc competitor reduc detail recit situat competitor simpli find unattract bid odd custom choic fall back current supplier individu custom confirm concern call tender larg site project supplier capabl make offer case respect larger number medium size smaller contract opportun case limit number competitor make offer custom typic publish call tender contact entir spectrum potenti supplier incumb request make offer thirdli supplier signific amount inform custom oper requir order prepar offer notifi parti stress tonnag contract tailor custom specif knowledg put supplier good posit assess option open custom replac refurbish deferr contract custom cost option negoti follow supplier gather inform possess inform enabl supplier evalu risk project abandon defer scale custom switch plant extend exist arrang knowledg enabl supplier adjust price custom bargain power margin project degre transpar custom option supplier abil adjust custom behaviour distinguish prevail negoti procedur tonnag market classic bid procedur design avoid kind transpar order strengthen custom posit ensur effect competit supplier level plai field fourthli histori tonnag market suggest easi custom switch supplier evid parti market share subject wide variat exist strong region posit contradict notifi parti view air liquid boc consist held larg part tonnag suppli quot home quot territori recit outcom contract award procedur open expect parti market posit stabl case notifi parti quot commiss decis merger case support opinion tender procedur reduc competit concern aris high market share repli statement object notifi parti refer commiss decis decemb case iv electrowatt landi relev statement decis relat small market characteris entri competitor degre technolog innov electron compon make market share variat element present context notifi parti quot commiss decis octob case iv kodak imat decis exist tender procedur factor account determin oper creat singl collect domin posit relev factor increas price acceler custom switch technolog digit system present case compet technolog constrain parti similar commiss conclud prevail contract award procedur suffici ensur potenti supplier bid equal term receiv equal treatment procedur result procedur depend factor strength supplier market supplier combin entiti propos concentr stronger posit procedur domin supplier benefit posit order adapt offer competitor weaken posit increas imbal favour combin entiti air liquid boc diminish effect exist award procedur basi consider commiss consid prevail award procedur insuffici constrain parti market power custom limit cost transpar resort product notifi parti argu custom option invest purchas air separ plant oper purchas gase purchas air separ plant equal substitut wai custom satisfi notifi parti custom time own oper air separ plant custom excel posit calcul cost product benchmark ga price insist obtain lowest ga price commiss investig confirm statement ask product viabl altern custom repli neg plausibl reason firstli compani custom industri pursu polici outsourc core task make major capit invest product raw materi trend custom expertis personnel oper maintain larg air separ unit relev technolog constantli evolv custom oper site plant econom industri gase compani benefit sale excess liquid product thirdli custom control subsequ implic initi invest decis time custom requir capac extens puriti upgrad modif exist plant make addit invest view factor custom threat switch product made contract negoti credibl justif state plant purchas tonnag suppli gase quot equal substitut quot wai custom satisfi repli statement object notifi parti describ tonnag contract risk larg invest share quot underwritten quot custom supplier custom opt purchas plant bear risk data submit notifi parti contradict statement custom gener purchas air separ unit switch product offer submit air liquid europ year product consid custom case request plant sale offer custom decid acquir plant case conclud convent gase suppli contract case light data anecdot exampl product consid repres boc market analysi state captiv product decreas year acquisit captiv plant industri gase compani account market growth air liquid annual report confirm develop state quot iron steel industri good illustr current trend outsourc oxygen product quot tendenc product decreas increas custom repli product industri gase detail knowledg supplier cost structur partli recalcul price offer tonnag supplier custom establish benchmark industri ga price contract negoti abil verifi supplier cost individu case remain limit custom oper air separ unit past knowledg deriv limit relev technolog evolv larg site plant customis solut conclus tonnag market propos concentr chang structur eea tonnag market significantli increas air liquid market share creat largest tonnag supplier enhanc lead competitor competit potenti larg compet industri gase compani remov entiti stronger region presenc europ leverag compet contract reli addit strength competitor notifi oper combin technolog lead competitor amp capabl size entiti posit compet capit intens market requir larg invest fact larger competitor discourag vigor competit commiss conclud propos concentr creat domin posit market tonnag suppli oxygen nitrogen eea bulk cylind market propos concentr rais signific competit concern combin domin posit nation market result increas abil combin entiti elimin reduc actual potenti competit parti elimin actual potenti competit parti addit propos concentr creat signific disincent air product main competitor air liquid boc compet vigor air liquid boc market domin posit boc unit kingdom ireland boc gase highest market share bulk cylind market unit kingdom ireland market share boc main competitor market bulk cylind gase unit kingdom ireland set tabl tabl unit kingdom gt tabl gt tabl ireland gt tabl gt ireland boc high market share gase unit kingdom boc high market share atmospher bulk gase oxygen nitrogen argon cylind gase boc limit number competitor unit kingdom larg industri gase compani present limit market share messer lind ireland competit limit air product air product signific competitor countri occupi weaker posit term market share segment gap boc air product ireland pronounc relev ga argon low volum high ga air product market share equal boc respect bulk hydrogen unit kingdom product trade repli commiss statement object notifi parti argu boc market share bulk cylind atmospher gase acetylen undergon continu declin year commiss acknowledg boc experienc loss market share past find argument present suffici rebut find domin bulk cylind market unit kingdom ireland firstli past boc held high market share bulk cylind market unit kingdom ireland amount monopoli posit market unit kingdom market ireland market domin supplier captur larg part suppli market share lost degre extend period time fact rule continu domin loss market share entri newcom market boc market share consist remain high unit kingdom boc share market bulk oxygen nitrogen argon oxygen nitrogen argon argon mixtur acetylen carbon dioxid hydrogen suppli cylind consist high boc share market bulk cylind gase ireland consist higher larg market share variat past suggest boc high market share decreas substanti forese futur supplement market share data present boc late stage procedur inconsist data provid notif notifi parti repres estim base actual boc data commiss suffici knowledg basi calcul market share methodolog case assess base market share estim provid stage refut commiss find domin market concern notifi parti challeng commiss find domin unit kingdom bulk market refer declin price submit price bulk oxygen nitrogen argon unit kingdom continu declin notifi parti provid inform basi figur underli conclus notifi parti state repli statement object technic develop brought reduct invest requir air separ unit year reduct averag power consumpt year cost product liquid oxygen liquid nitrogen decreas year due decreas cost power decreas product energi cost report industri analys sector commiss consid price develop larg reflect reduct product energi cost transport cost increas commiss note transport cost largest incumb supplier boc lower competitor boc reli densest product distribut network unit kingdom ireland cover distanc product site fill station fill station custom calcul submit notifi parti confirm assess commiss find consist high market share held boc bulk cylind market atmospher gase acetylen unit kingdom ireland compar competitor lower market share indic domin market boc extens product distribut network unit kingdom ireland boc extens infrastructur product distribut atmospher gase unit kingdom ireland compani merchant air separ unit great britain ireland product facil serv distribut point bulk gase boc addit bulk ga distribut facil great britain boc acetylen plant great britain boc densest balanc network bulk gase product distribut locat boc extend cylind distribut infrastructur ireland cylind fill facil compar competitor note boc place signific number small nitrogen site plant custom requir liquid nitrogen suppli basi data provid competitor commiss conclud competitor similarli extens product distribut infrastructur great britain ireland boc logist posit compani maintain reinforc domin boc strong presenc tonnag sector unit kingdom boc control largest part suppli atmospher gase larg quantiti unit kingdom tonnag suppli figur provid notifi parti confirm commiss inquiri boc tonnag oxygen proport tonnag nitrogen strong posit tonnag segment reinforc control extens pipelin grid unit kingdom boc strong posit tonnag segment entail addit advantag bulk market time boc win tonnag contract principl decid site plant simultan product liquid gase call quot piggi back quot product boc constantli renew product capac liquid gase produc simultan tonnag gase lower product cost economi scale achiev larger plant repli statement object oral hear notifi parti disput advantag consid quot piggi back quot product reflect present tendenc bulk product view support competitor claim size site plant afford addit advantag ga supplier bulk market control pipelin network confer addit structur advantag competitor tonnag market market bulk gase commiss investig confirm principl obstacl pipelin suppli quantiti gase provid bulk unlik competitor access pipelin network boc substitut high cost bulk suppli grant suitabl custom access pipelin confirm exampl submit boc domin posit air liquid franc air liquid highest market share french bulk cylind market market share air liquid competitor bulk cylind market franc set tabl tabl franc gt tabl gt tabl show air liquid hold highest share market competit fragment competitor reach air liquid market share segment significantli weaker remain market aga strongest competitor exce respect oxygen cylind air liquid market share repli commiss statement object oral hear notifi parti submit commiss analysi account declin market share bulk cylind gase franc past year argu price bulk oxygen nitrogen argon argon mixtur decreas cost bulk product increas regard cylind market data provid notifi parti hear suggest market share cylind oxygen acetylen declin slightli year remain constant year market share argon show increas price cylind gase increas constantli year evid put forward notifi parti challeng commiss find domin bulk cylind market franc convinc firstli regard market share air liquid enjoi monopoli posit french bulk cylind market past instanc liquid oxygen nitrogen market share loss air liquid market share constantli remain high approxim bulk cylind gase sudden larg loss market share past suggest air liquid high market share reduc substanti forese futur respect cost basi alleg increas calcul clear notifi parti state repli statement object technic develop past year contribut consider cost save product liquid oxygen nitrogen commiss consid price develop larg reflect reduct product energi cost transport cost supplier air liquid dens infrastructur distribut network franc risen cost lower competitor dens infrastructur distribut network commiss conclud repartit market share recit indic domin air liquid bulk cylind market franc air liquid extens product distribut network franc air liquid oper air separ unit produc liquid oxygen nitrogen air separ unit produc liquid argon franc air liquid oper hydrogen carbon dioxid plant acetylen plant franc term cylind distribut infrastructur air liquid cylind fill facil capabl fill standard air gase acetylen carbon dioxid hydrogen special gase air liquid comprehens network resel cover region basi data provid competitor commiss conclud competitor similarli extens product distribut infrastructur franc repli commiss statement object air liquid argu product capac air liquid bulk oxygen nitrogen bare exce competitor commiss convinc argument figur provid notifi parti suggest product capac competitor bulk oxygen nitrogen consider lower air liquid increas product capac competitor relat product capac air liquid year addit air liquid small site facil product nitrogen consid uniqu posit segment air liquid superior access custom franc factor reinforc domin air liquid strong presenc tonnag sector franc estim air liquid provid largest proport tonnag gase franc oxygen nitrogen air liquid oper uniqu network pipelin kei industri region franc belgium netherland repli statement object oral hear notifi parti disput advantag consid quot piggi back quot product reflect present tendenc bulk product view support competitor claim quot piggi back quot product afford addit advantag ga supplier bulk market air liquid confirm plant europ capac liquid oxygen nitrogen sold bulk market notifi parti estim proport air liquid boc total bulk sale suppli site plant capac remain constant year commiss conclud strong posit adjac tonnag segment strengthen air liquid posit bulk market strengthen domin posit aa combin domin posit propos concentr combin domin posit nation market franc unit kingdom ireland propos transact bring incumb supplier prior transact provid full rang industri gase product high market share market bulk cylind gase extens nation product capac distribut network cost basi establish custom base preferenti access custom histor establish strong posit respect quot home quot market adjac countri amount domin propos concentr allow ahead notifi result domin singl supplier largest industri gase market europ franc unit kingdom combin entiti domin area account approxim european demand industri gase propos concentr combin parti domin posit strong posit countri addit domin extend geograph area cover larg market western europ combin entiti access market number countri actual potenti competitor activ result multi market contact combin entiti high market share notabl belgium denmark greec itali portug spain sweden germani largest european industri gase market combin entiti market posit strong signific market share air liquid boc countri set tabl tabl air liquid boc market share countri gt tabl gt air liquid product distribut infrastructur industri gase countri tabl market share domin detail tabl repli statement object notifi parti contest relev market share bulk cylind european countri assess posit bulk cylind market franc unit kingdom ireland commiss find market share present tabl give indic posit air liquid boc european bulk cylind market assess present transact bb increas abil elimin substanti reduc actual potenti competit parti combin respect domin posit air liquid boc vulner competit franc unit kingdom ireland propos transact bring larger area control player give combin entiti addit leverag rival franc unit kingdom ireland firstli domin incumb longer actual potenti competitor combin busi strengthen parti technolog financi resourc respect home market factor act deterr foreign competitor increas barrier entri parti benefit anti competit effect strategi pursu territori transact instanc boc counter entri unit kingdom market competitor instanc lind reduc profit vulner actual potenti competit parti instanc messer praxair transact entri unit kingdom market improv competit structur market transact parti establish presenc unit kingdom substanti smaller impact market structur thirdli propos transact increas abil combin entiti increas competitor risk cost enter bulk cylind market franc unit kingdom ireland entrant incumb stronghold incur substanti sunk cost invest infrastructur necessarili recover due incumb strong incent engag margin margin price competit order prevent entrant establish foothold transact entrant unit kingdom face financi risk enter unit kingdom market transact entrant face power incumb unit kingdom invest franc face greater risk appli entrant franc invest unit kingdom propos concentr combin entiti capabl singl entrant concert counter action franc unit kingdom ireland fourthli propos transact give combin entiti increas potenti retali competitor home market transact boc abil counter market entri unit kingdom ireland retali entrant home market limit fact lack suitabl product distribut infrastructur continent european market transact combin entiti increas capabl counter entri unit kingdom bulk cylind market air liquid strong posit establish infrastructur continent europ instanc combin entiti unlik boc previous posit presenc germani order deter recent entrant lind messer pursu aggress competit unit kingdom combin domin posit enabl merg entiti secur captiv home market leverag competitor combin domin posit extend area combin entiti uniqu posit compet custom area area control combin entiti includ larg market franc unit kingdom multin custom busi industri gase demand market unit kingdom custom demand industri gase plant franc combin entiti offer discount rate make type concess unit kingdom market exchang custom busi franc combin entiti posit posit unit kingdom leverag order strengthen posit franc vice versa practic unlaw possibl engag conduct rais competit concern supplier domin creat situat combin entiti air liquid boc compet basi domin posit countri propos transact enabl domin posit countri order strengthen domin posit combin entiti stronghold home market base attack market competitor home market smaller geograph market number industri gase compani compet increas market share market undercut competitor strengthen financi posit result profit gener strong home market difficult enter french unit kingdom irish market present parti individu constrain engag conduct transact theori boc air liquid respect home market base compet countri possibl limit moder effect potenti competit parti reciproc moder instanc boc constrain control unit kingdom irish market order extract higher price custom face risk air liquid enter home countri air liquid competitor enter unit kingdom market propos transact remov exist constraint combin entiti freedom respect cc elimin actual potenti competit air liquid boc acquir boc bulk cylind oper continent europ air liquid elimin boc actual potenti competitor home market prior propos concentr notifi boc enter bulk cylind market atmospher gase belgium netherland establish tonnag plant terneuzen produc liquid oxygen nitrogen argon bulk market cylind fill plant herenthout capabl fill wide rang industri gase facil suppli custom belgium netherland boc own deliveri vehicl facil suppli boc cylind gase busi germani base bopfingen belgium countri air liquid strong posit boc evolv signific entrant gase bulk argon bulk carbon dioxid cylind oxygen cylind argon oper sold air liquid late year geograph refer market high gase bulk argon possibl cylind argon transport larger distanc standard air gase appear limit belgium cover area compris part northern franc fact air liquid import liquid argon franc support view acquisit boc continent european oper strengthen air liquid domin posit franc remov actual competitor ad competitor market share air liquid domin posit belgium market distinct franc gase transport econom larg distanc air liquid strengthen domin posit franc elimin potenti competit french market actual competit adjac market firstli boc potenti competitor franc demonstr establish bulk cylind gase busi continent europ elimin boc posit continent europ reliev air liquid competit pressur aris boc presenc market adjac home base thirdli remov competitor belgium market acquir competitor addit market share air liquid stronger player belgium captur larg part market air liquid counter potenti entrant home market effect neighbour countri entri french market easili attempt instanc suppli industri region northern franc repli commiss statement object notifi parti argu boc oper belgium netherland limit scope acquisit air liquid lead relev chang competit condit french bulk cylind market examin busi data oper argument reject boc tonnag busi secur long term contract continu boc bulk busi benefit strong volum growth liquid sale profit improv year financi year oper profit achiev busi gener substanti cash flow boc cylind busi grown healthi annual rate reduc oper loss continu past year compar financi data provid boc data provid competitor market entri attempt similar circumst turnov profit evolut line expect start period legitim argu boc busi market viabl boc state plan dispos continent european busi review global oper present transact strengthen air liquid domin posit franc elimin boc actual potenti competitor franc perman structur chang market busi decis competitor rais competit concern propos concentr elimin air liquid credibl potenti competitor unit kingdom ireland air liquid repres strongest potenti entrant boc nation home market competitor stress air liquid industri gase compani make inroad unit kingdom market parti merg competit pressur lost true irrespect air liquid activ boc home market repli statement object notifi parti admit domin supplier restrain exercis market power potenti competit undertak realist enter market notifi parti disput potenti entrant effect unit kingdom individu custom view air liquid argu qualif potenti competitor pure theoret penetr unit kingdom market enter market project studi submit commiss show air liquid contempl suppli bulk cylind gase unit kingdom consult custom air liquid conced messer overcom entri barrier unit kingdom bulk cylind market offer reason air liquid realist enter unit kingdom market air liquid success histori enter european market industri gase compani state oral hear absenc unit kingdom busi decis air liquid acknowledg object factor prevent enter unit kingdom market final notifi parti state oral hear similarli larg industri gase compani praxair consid equal credibl potenti competitor unit kingdom notifi parti explain compani oper american contin limit presenc europ credibl entrant air liquid strongest industri gase supplier europ exampl lind messer shown competitor base continent europ enter unit kingdom market green field market entri cylind bulk market accomplish unit kingdom principl number wai enter foreign market exist export industri gase target countri establish product capac target countri instanc acquir custom larg site product plant initi establish distribut infrastructur sourc industri gase merchant market set product capac acquir small local supplier expand acquir supplier distribut network custom base market entri effect import full rang industri gase import econom viabl case market entrant proce initi entrant set cylind depot distribut point standard atmospher gase purchas fill cylind local supplier high gase acetylen gase mixtur pure special gase liquid argon import competitor confirm import place order sustain market entri unit kingdom step number custom acquir entrant set facil fill standard gase oxygen nitrogen argon argon mixtur carbon dioxid cylind liquid gase requir purchas merchant market high gase continu import purchas local supplier basi extend distribut structur entrant step construct air separ unit limit size million year oxygen nitrogen addit transfil facil target countri enabl entrant acquir suppli bulk custom altern industri gase compani enter foreign market acquir small local supplier ad product expand infrastructur custom base initi step entrant posit establish extend product distribut capac proceed paragraph exampl lind messer confirm enter cylind bulk market unit kingdom acquir limit market share lind enter unit kingdom market gain market share cylind segment oxygen nitrogen acetylen argon argon mixtur hydrogen messer enter unit kingdom market acquir small supplier carbon dioxid extend acquir distribut infrastructur compani subsequ built stand air separ plant eggsborough initi jointli aga cylind gase segment gain market share nitrogen argon argon mixtur carbon dioxid bulk segment messer market share oxygen nitrogen argon air liquid number europ world credibl potenti entrant unit kingdom market market cylind bulk gase main barrier entri consist capit invest oper expens involv establish sustain product distribut infrastructur acquisit suffici custom base justifi expenditur financ oper loss start period newli establish busi profit invest oper cost vari depend method market entri chosen entrant choos bid site tonnag contract intent size product facil sell excess capac bulk cylind custom substanti front invest requir case cost incur recov durat contract site suppli contract typic run period year limit number larg industri gase compani financi resourc gener project manag capabl launch larg project entrant choos establish cylind distribut infrastructur subsequ extend busi bulk market initi capit invest establish cylind depot fill facil rang eur million construct air separ unit relat transfil centr requir substanti higher invest order eur million addit oper cost transport cost gase import incur continu basi principl similar cost incur long term entrant acquir small local supplier expand acquir infrastructur newli establish industri gase busi take period time profit sustain oper loss start period constitut addit barrier entri market entri occur incumb supplier attempt prevent entrant establish signific foothold home market seek undercut entrant price area entri take place competitor provid exampl boc pursu strategi order deni entri unit kingdom market mean entrant financ oper loss start period larg industri gase compani enter market domin incumb smaller supplier larg compani financi strength logist technolog resourc strateg plan abil make invest sustain market entri aggress counter action local domin incumb case unit kingdom assess born observ larg competitor base abroad lind messer success gain market share small start entrant oper unit kingdom instanc energa mediga background air liquid lead industri ga compani europ possess specif strength make foreign competitor suit enter unit kingdom market air liquid strong capabl establish product distribut infrastructur foreign market demonstr fact air liquid successfulli establish product distribut network industri gase rang european countri compris stand product plant bulk gase plant dedic plant plant dedic custom excess product capac bulk market small site product plant cylind fill facil tabl set air liquid european product distribut network countri franc conclus drawn market remot home base franc bulk deliveri econom air liquid establish product capac construct stand plant build excess capac dedic tonnag plant countri bulk deliveri carri french product site belgium netherland luxembourg lesser degre germani import local product capabl put place countri stand product capac instal air liquid establish cylind fill facil line size market concern except finland dedic plant exist major countri cylind fill network cover full rang gase includ number facil capabl fill high gase higher transport radiu argon argon mixtur acetylen gase includ special gase addit air liquid make substanti inroad foreign market offer instal small site product facil standard gase oxygen nitrogen note custom countri remot air liquid home base suppli technolog air liquid gener recognis competitor industri analyst lead supplier industri gase dedic site tonnag plant strong europ wide posit tonnag market increas air liquid abil enter foreign bulk cylind market unrival competitor air liquid previous pursu polici size dedic tonnag plant aim sell excess capac bulk cylind market type simultan gaseou liquid product repres air liquid total liquid oxygen nitrogen product eea air liquid consider financi strength enabl sustain start loss industri leader term turnov capit expenditur air liquid histori entri cylind bulk market european countri belgium denmark germani greec itali netherland portug spain sweden confirm compani bear financi burden market entri countri local supplier present strong competit instanc germani itali sweden air liquid european competitor reli strong posit amount domin home market bulk cylind gase consider size franc air liquid lead technolog expertis allow enter foreign market effect consensu industri technolog applic technolog main driver competit bulk cylind gase market product larg homogen custom acquir offer econom applic solut reduc custom cost increas product market entri attempt abil offer applic solut import entrant face limit respect acquir custom offer low price entrant product cost base initi advantag incumb incumb match price offer entrant entrant abil compet applic technolog vital order extend custom base gener accept air liquid possess advanc technolog expertis enjoi lead posit respect applic technolog air liquid lead provid specif technolog offer custom remot entrant home base small site product facil oxygen nitrogen base vpsa membran technolog air liquid demonstr technolog market successfulli place approxim small site contract custom commun franc quantiti gase suppli small site facil correspond demand fulfil bulk deliveri abil offer technolog entrant addit advantag acquir bulk custom analysi air liquid specif competit strength confirm air liquid enter unit kingdom cylind bulk market air liquid competitor successfulli sustain market entri lind messer establish limit presenc unit kingdom cylind bulk market competit strength weigh boc market power limit competit air liquid mount unit kingdom ireland compani past establish european countri extent air liquid competitor praxair aga significantli smaller term size market share product distribut infrastructur europ compani air liquid enter unit kingdom irish market larg industri gase compani exist enter unit kingdom irish market air liquid credibl potenti competitor conclus potenti competit market cylind bulk gase unit kingdom ireland larg depend air liquid continu presenc independ competitor incumb boc strongest potenti entrant air liquid merg competit pressur lost absenc air liquid unit kingdom market date strateg decis revers time consensu industri industri ga compani decis enter foreign market strateg busi decis industri ga compani wish grow long term expand geograph market coverag demonstr air liquid histori expans europ worldwid countri remot home base competitor unanim stress industri ga compani pursu expans strategi weigh invest requir risk involv air liquid expand oper unit kingdom ireland conclud decis date revers air liquid consid activ unit kingdom market past recit stress commiss object direct air liquid busi strategi date launch substanti activ unit kingdom ireland specif competit concern aris propos concentr relat elimin credibl potenti competitor market concern irrespect competitor concern previous launch effect competit propos concentr perman remov possibl competit take place propos concentr perman elimin potenti competit strengthen boc exist domin posit market concern result combin entiti air liquid boc perpetu domin market cylind bulk gase unit kingdom ireland disincent air product compet vigor air liquid boc bulk cylind market unit kingdom ireland franc section concern structur plan joint takeov divis boc foreseen agreement air liquid air product juli incorpor amend made juli agreement term alloc boc amp facil intellectu properti link creat air liquid main competitor unit kingdom ireland air product result alloc creation signific ongo link air liquid air product major incent air product compet vigor air liquid boc impact market posit air liquid boc bulk cylind market unit kingdom ireland unit kingdom air product competitor boc market messer lind posit competitor insignific unit kingdom bulk cylind market reduc intens competit air product result link air liquid strengthen air liquid boc domin posit true irish market air product boc competitor link creat plan transact air liquid air product relev assess market power air liquid bulk cylind market propos acquisit relev assess air liquid market power tonnag market possibl joint domin air liquid air product market helium electron special gase aa technolog boc boc major produc industri gase world develop signific technic knowledg field applic technolog electron glass environment food cryogen chemic petroleum metal pulp paper medic industri develop close custom research develop field applic technolog includ resolv technolog problem relat custom product cost product qualiti oper product environment perform posit boc strong suppli smaller cryogen nitrogen oxygen gener compani subsequ focus research develop effort product larg site cryogen plant suppli industri gase larg site facil highli capit intens advanc process technolog offer supplier competit advantag term requir power consumpt capit cost plant industri analyst estim due advanc process technolog cryogen air separ cost unit output fallen excess cryogen technolog elimin deliveri cost medium volum ga consum result cost reduct past year research develop site plant carri boc concentr reduc plant consumpt electr improv simplifi system cool liquefi separ air product process boc develop advanc technolog relat product high puriti gase system electron industri includ introduct ultra high puriti grade gase dry pump exhaust manag system temperatur system introduc semiconductor applic boc emploi research main research centr number smaller research centr cover process system kei industri electron industri boc edward boc larg number ongo amp cooper agreement parti worldwid field electron food environ boc research develop work relat industri gase undertaken unit state north pacif australia south africa technic centr murrai hill unit state primari gase technolog facil support gase busi extent develop work conduct custom site research develop work boc edward focus semiconductor industri conduct unit kingdom commiss investig confirm boc possess wide rang patent trademark relat process applic technolog bb alloc boc intellectu properti air liquid air product effect plan joint takeov divis boc intellectu properti ip boc share air liquid air product equal term ip refer context patent patent applic technolog includ oper trade secret copyright softwar trademark trade name intellectu properti own boc affili agreement set procedur asset busi ip boc alloc air liquid air product quot parti quot cc link air liquid air product plan transact provid agreement present specif characterist involv competitor make joint bid acquir part competitor competit point view structur present joint bid problemat evid order bid subsequ split boc air liquid air product acquir extens knowledg boc activ extens contact endang confidenti inform relat oper effect competit compani dd conclus link creat propos transact conclus bulk cylind market commiss conclud notifi oper transact consid notifi oper strengthen air liquid domin posit bulk market oxygen nitrogen argon cylind market oxygen nitrogen argon argon mixtur acetylen carbon dioxid hydrogen franc result effect competit significantli imped common market substanti part notifi oper strengthen boc domin posit bulk market oxygen nitrogen argon unit kingdom cylind market oxygen nitrogen argon argon mixtur acetylen carbon dioxid hydrogen unit kingdom bulk market oxygen nitrogen argon carbon dioxid hydrogen ireland cylind market oxygen nitrogen argon argon mixtur acetylen carbon dioxid hydrogen ireland result effect competit significantli imped common market substanti part futur develop potenti competit propos oper increas barrier entri tonnag market eea bulk cylind market franc unit kingdom ireland tonnag market eea bulk cylind market franc unit kingdom ireland characteris high entri barrier due high invest expertis requir cryogen ga product plant recent cryogen site equip capit intens notifi parti capit intens rang industri gase busi base air separ plant tonnag market eea bulk cylind market franc unit kingdom ireland high degre concentr addit barrier market entri signific market entri tonnag market eea bulk cylind market franc unit kingdom ireland year result oper level concentr tonnag market eea increas consider degre combin market posit air liquid boc specif strength make difficult newcom enter eea tonnag market futur bulk cylind market propos concentr lead elimin credibl potenti competitor market unit kingdom ireland strengthen boc domin posit market concern propos concentr strengthen air liquid exist domin posit bulk cylind market franc anticip air liquid boc room manoeuvr restrict potenti competit tonnag market eea bulk cylind market franc unit kingdom ireland combin exist domin posit bulk cylind market notifi oper rais concern extend area perpetu domin singl entiti helium market structur access refin helium limit industri gase compani act wholesal helium rich natur gase sourc helium extract econom number helium rich natur ga deposit limit reserv locat unit state kansa oklahoma texa wyom algeria bethouia poland odolanov western russia orenburg small number facil exist extract crude helium product pure helium refin algeria air liquid air product jointli own subsidiari helap sa product joint ventur helio sonatrach compani own algerian state helium refin capac helio amount mmcf yr entir product refin helium commit air liquid air product long term contract total product approxim mmcf air liquid approxim mmcf air product approxim mmcf russia approxim mmcf helium refin capac orenburg commit boc messer total capac approxim mmcf yr helium refin capac poland commit boc approxim mmcf yr air liquid acquir boc right contract unit state compani extract crude helium natur ga captiv refin capabl coastal field servic amoco crescendo resourc duke energi enron corp kn energi mobil phillip ga corpor pioneer natur resourc william field servic commiss inquiri shown compani minor except commit crude helium boc air product praxair long term suppli contract boc air product praxair refin crude helium crude helium product capac commit amount approxim mmcf amount suppli approxim mmcf approxim unit state crude helium product capac mmcf commit boc air product praxair boc air product praxair industri gase compani captiv helium refin capac unit state boc own oper world largest refin plant oti kansa estim capac mmcf yr acquir air liquid air product refin helium liber kansa sherman texa estim capac amp lt mmcf upgrad mmcf expect praxair plant bushton kansa ulyss kansa estim capac mmcf yr compani total refin capac mmcf yr remaind unit state crude helium extract refin compani cig resourc exxon key helium compani nitrotec energi corpor union pacif resourc unoc corpor crude helium capac compani mmcf refin capac mmcf exxon account largest part mmcf yr commiss inquiri shown compani exxon commit refin helium air liquid boc air product praxair basi long term suppli contract except compani refin capac exce mmcf approxim mmcf refin helium suppli contract air liquid boc air product praxair distribut market refin helium commiss conclud industri gase compani air liquid boc air product praxair refin helium particip refin helium addit practic helium refin compani commit industri gase compani long term contract air liquid boc air product praxair control access entir product refin helium compani provid helium wholesal level retail includ industri gase compani distribut infrastructur air liquid boc air product control helium sourc locat close europ european refin capac air liquid air product jointli control suppli helium algeria notifi parti algerian helium ship eea commiss estim air liquid air product algerian joint ventur suppli approxim helium consum eea acquir boc helium oper air liquid gain control helium suppli poland helium suppli russia boc sourc poland russia suppli approxim eea consumpt transact compani air liquid air product control access helium sourc locat close europ compani control approxim equal part refin capac locat europ fact helium wholesal seek gain access helium sourc europ illustr signific suppli eea compani larg captiv product capac unit state air product praxair boc import quantiti unit state sourc local instanc purchas helium produc algeria air liquid air liquid boc air product high combin market share helium sold wholesal level distributor includ industri gase compani commiss estim market share wholesal market set tabl tabl market share wholesal market helium gt tabl gt wholesal level air liquid boc air product combin market share suppli helium eea worldwid air liquid state helium wholesal statement contradict inform provid air liquid procedur inform air liquid sale wholesal custom eea mmcf mmcf exclud back back agreement mmcf worldwid quantiti suppli back back agreement exclud air liquid wholesal market share amount eea air liquid boc air product combin market share propos concentr leav praxair remain competitor wholesal level commiss consid absenc boc competitor praxair incent challeng air liquid air product suppli eea sourc algerian helium air liquid back back agreement similar higher cost arrang favour vigor competit praxair helium captiv unit state product order compet air liquid air product price due higher invest cost contain transport cost world level fair praxair incent present vigor competit praxair helium wholesal benefit flexibl captiv helium product unit state refin plant link pipelin storag system oper unit state govern bureau land manag blm system offer possibl store excess crude helium cut back product refin helium praxair prevent adapt product distribut refin helium reduct demand price rise messer activ wholesal limit degre competitor retail depend industri gase compani suppli helium air liquid state market share relev indic competit condit helium busi consid quot independ refin quot helium import wholesal commiss correct qualifi compani refin busi distribut capabl recit wholesal compani suppli wholesal long term contract act wholesal question refin enter helium wholesal busi answer neg notifi parti rightli state compani produc helium product natur ga busi involv industri gase busi distribut capabl exist custom relat order build contain fleet compar air liquid compani make invest eur million transport contain larg produc refin helium exxon past act wholesal distributor helium propos concentr reduc number vertic integr helium supplier full distribut infrastructur plan transact compani air liquid boc air product praxair hous product helium fulli vertic integr compani extens helium distribut infrastructur europ worldwid europ air liquid boc air product largest number transport contain transfil centr commiss inquiri messer lind smaller signific distribut infrastructur industri gase compani fall worldwid air liquid boc fleet larg cryogen transport contain gallon larger commiss inquiri air product similar worldwid distribut capac praxair signific smaller number transport contain worldwid messer distribut capac insignific comparison conclus market structur commiss consid control access refin helium indic air liquid boc air product market power commiss estim air liquid boc air product control access approxim helium refin capac worldwid control access helium sourc europ high combin market share confirm strong posit posit industri gase compani posit industri gase compani weak depend air liquid boc air product suppli helium industri gase compani europ worldwid captiv helium product capabl contractu access refin helium depend suppli refin helium larg compani europ competitor depend larg air liquid boc air product control helium import eea situat creat risk industri gase compani prevent compet helium retail market compani contact commiss rais concern potenti threat market foreclosur obstacl competit industri gase compani stress helium strateg product supplier offer portfolio true irrespect ga supplier larg minor term size smaller region activ ga supplier purchas helium resal high invest product distribut facil reduc likelihood competit challeng invest establish helium extract refin capabl consider crude helium extract plant link natur ga process competitor estim cost plant eur million stand basi invest refin plant eur million larg plant estim eur million medium size facil mmcf yr substanti invest requir establish helium storag transport distribut infrastructur standard gallon mmcf storag tank instal liquefact facil cost eur million purchas instal standard gallon transport contain cost eur million order creat contain fleet compar size lead helium supplier air liquid boc air product praxair competitor purchas addit contain cost helium transfil centr transfer helium larg contain smaller retail estim eur million competitor build transfil centr irrespect competitor afford make substanti invest gain access suffici quantiti helium order justifi expenditur crude helium typic commit larg compani long term exclus contract highli newcom displac incumb compani extens distribut infrastructur place air liquid boc air product lesser degre praxair remain purchas refin helium independ produc independ helium refin instanc exxon decid commit part refin helium product newcom quantiti concern limit purchas limit quantiti hous product suffici quantiti newcom constrain joint market power air liquid boc air product air product control supplier cryogen helium transport contain produc supplier larg gallon cryogen transport contain helium gardner cryogen unit state base subsidiari air product cryogen contain manufactur compani liquid helium low temperatur long distanc transport contain oversea transport helium commiss assum compani produc contain larg industri gase compani includ air liquid confirm manufactur capabl produc tank creation joint domin posit signific link exist air liquid boc air product propos concentr remov import competitor boc consider helium wholesal eea market share worldwid market share term revenu boc largest helium supplier worldwid control approxim european world refin capac extens distribut infrastructur term transport contain transfil centr boc suppli approxim eea helium demand sourc poland russia notifi oper elimin competit pressur result boc independ access refin capac poland russia fact boc product capac unit state oti kansa plant mean boc competit potenti helium wholesal depend continu access polish russian sourc remov boc independ competitor significantli reduc competit constraint air liquid air product propos concentr air liquid boc air product similar cost structur crude helium extract natur ga cryogen extract process pressur swing adsorpt purif refin crude helium pure helium subsequ liquefi fill larg cryogen contain gallon store limit period time ship immedi air liquid air product sourc helium algeria compani ident cost structur unit state air liquid boc oper boc oti kansa helium refin plant capac mmcf yr air product oper refin plant liber kansa sherman texa total capac mmcf yr facil similar capac suppli natur ga cluster field locat kansa oklahoma texa commiss consid air liquid boc air product similar product cost distribut cost similar cryogen transport contain produc compani worldwid gardner cryogen provid gase compani cost cost transfil centr similar basi data provid compani concern air liquid boc air product similarli extens transfil contain network worldwid europ helium homogen product offer highli transpar market refin helium homogen product produc accord intern qualiti standard grade helium higher puriti industri gase compani view helium commod type product trade retail purchas helium inform price number factor ensur market highli transpar number vertic integr helium wholesal small transact air liquid boc air product sourc helium similar site similar condit product technolog evolv rapidli instal plant upgrad frequent replac distribut equip standardis larg ident transpar product process illustr intern studi industri gase compani review commiss studi industri gase compani concern analys precis cost posit competitor sourc sourc captiv product parti suppli wholesal custom limit countervail purchas power custom wholesal market retail gener industri gase compani limit abil counterbal air liquid boc air product joint supplier power reli helium kei product retail offer fact compet air liquid boc air product retail market industri gase aggrav constraint industri gase compani face possibl market foreclosur disadvantag market note custom smaller region retail larger compani voic concern conclus commiss conclud notifi oper creat joint domin posit market wholesal suppli helium eea commiss consid conclus drawn wholesal market qualifi worldwid electron special gase current market structur european market electron special gase highli concentr air liquid air product boc lead supplier electron special gase essenti produc chemic compani unit state asia industri gase compani produc gase limit extent chemic activ instanc air product chemic compani distribut gase end user semiconductor manufactur distribut carri industri gase compani contrast chemic compani consid equival supplier facil transfil analys electron special gase includ treatment cylind oral hear notifi parti argu industri gase compani distributor electron special gase real market power industri gase compani distribut electron special gase air product praxair air liquid boc provid kei servic good suppli gase produc role essenti mere distributor firstli purif mix fill electron special gase detail custom specif highli specialis process perform quot transfil centr quot oper industri gase compani individu ga specif undergo certif process year produc electron special gase chemic compani quot transfil quot capabl electron special gase transport deliv specialis contain offer gase compani thirdli semiconductor manufactur requir high puriti atmospher gase helium instanc plasma gase oxid reduct process increasingli sourc gase electron special gase fourthli industri gase compani design instal certifi equip ga system pipe ga cabinet handl toxic gase air liquid boc offer cover rang product basi figur collect commiss investig market electron special gase eea approxim eur million partit market share term gt tabl gt lead supplier air liquid air product boc account market clear gap boc largest supplier praxair fourth remain supplier plai minor role global presenc technolog compet confer strong competit advantag lead supplier air liquid air product boc praxair global player market electron special gase unlik competitor compani oper product site transfil centr eea unit state east global presenc air liquid air product boc import praxair estim term total ga sale electron sector includ bulk air gase air product global market share air liquid share boc share whilst praxair share strong global presenc lead supplier signific competit advantag european market notifi parti actual purchas order electron special gase decid manag issu local site custom take consider specif local factor account fact larg semiconductor manufactur oper global basi supplier electron special gase strong worldwid presenc offer global consist qualiti gase suppli semiconductor manufactur worldwid air liquid air product boc consid lead competitor respect technolog electron special gase air liquid air product lead provid call quot total ga chemic manag tgcm servic quot includ safeti environ manag site mainten qualiti monitor control supervis electron special gase cylind point analysi inventori manag air liquid approxim tgcm servic centr worldwid air product megasi team manag facil custom countri gener conclud air product air liquid signific extent boc focu electron sector air product achiev total sale sector air liquid boc achiev sale electron whilst sector account praxair sale situat concentr competitor air liquid air product account market european activ boc air liquid air liquid clear market leader electron special gase eea market share air liquid air product market share remain market fragment global basi air liquid air product equal foot addit narrow market structur pool technolog result concentr disincent competit air liquid air product true electron special gase product process semiconductor compon gase homogen product extent industri gase compani produc gase purchas chemic compani limit number competitor market transpar circumst market structur supplier combin market share strong incent parallel behaviour addit narrow market structur plan joint takeov divis boc creat signific link air liquid air product pool boc technolog lead perman cooper disincent competit compani circumst anticip effect competit air liquid air product market electron special gase propos concentr conclus market posit air liquid boc air product high combin market share global presenc leadership technolog conclud air liquid boc air product act signific extent independ competitor custom competitor enter market consider barrier entri market electron special gase supplier gase meet specif requir semiconductor industri result complex product process comput chip characterist gase supplier guarante high degre puriti requir inter alia handl equip clean room condit offer full rang product note number electron special gase highli poison transfil storag transport gase requir specif safeti procedur reason supplier electron special gase experi handl gase specif technolog commit submit notifi parti modif oper decemb notifi parti submit commit order remov competit concern identifi commiss summari commit compris element divestitur tonnag asset busi includ site plant facil pipelin relat tonnag custom contract oper mainten support personnel relat facil tonnag plant divest runcorn sheer cardiff brinsworth fawlei unit kingdom pardi tarno franc mon belgium terneuzen netherland total tonnag divestitur unit kingdom continent europ repres annual sale approxim tpd eur million oxygen nitrogen divestitur bulk facil busi tonnag facil brinsworth fawlei pardi mon terneuzen asset busi divest includ bulk product storag facil bulk distribut equip road tanker bulk tank locat custom premis personnel sale technic support distribut custom servic addit custom bulk contract unit kingdom bulk divestitur repres total approxim tpd liquid oxygen nitrogen argon sold total annual sale liquid oxygen nitrogen argon approxim eur million continent bulk divestitur repres approxim tpd liquid oxygen nitrogen sold total annual sale liquid oxygen nitrogen argon approxim eur million bulk busi carboxiqu subsidiari air liquid approxim eur million divestitur cylind asset busi includ cylind fill plant facil cylind distribut equip truck product distribut personnel addit contract custom cylind fill plant divest brinsworth bristol includ acetylen product plant ipswich unit kingdom bobigni hauconcourt franc cylind divestitur unit kingdom repres sale approxim eur million cylind divestitur franc repres sale approxim eur million come divestitur cylind gase busi carboxiqu divestitur contract liquid helium suppli boc russia poland distribut infrastructur transport contain total divest contract repres approxim mmcf year liquid helium air liquid boc purchas unit state access grant industri gase compani includ exist boc wholesal custom resal agreement materi condit includ price durat ident purchas agreement air liquid boc parti back back agreement back back agreement total amount mmcf year helium sourc algeria air liquid appoint independ parti manag air liquid hold joint ventur air product order ensur ongo link air product air product undertaken right joint ventur formalis air liquid complianc commit divestitur transfil facil electron special gase own oper air liquid franc licenc technolog oper transfil plant relev custom inform current purchas order air liquid undertak ensur scope exist sourc agreement continu sourc electron special gase exist manufactur transfil facil period year divest licens boc patent technolog process applic technolog parti request licens right reason discriminatori condit divestitur tonnag oxygen nitrogen busi reduc air liquid boc market share eea approxim divestitur account approxim market share air liquid acquir busi divest unit kingdom compris tonnag plant associt bulk busi busi divest franc belgium netherland compris tonnag plant bulk busi divest limit market power accru air liquid substanti pipelin divest plant combin entiti posit pipelin oper strong transact air liquid acquir strong region posit unit kingdom liabl leverag competitor tonnag divest bulk divest weaken posit unit kingdom bulk market commit licens patent boc technolog parti lessen concern aris combin technolog commiss consid acquir present addit competit eea tonnag market divest bulk cylind distribut facil give acquir access relat bulk cylind infrastructur creat possibl oper divest tonnag asset part integr gase busi view element commiss consid propos commit remov fear domin posit eea tonnag market creat divestitur packag bulk gase oxygen nitrogen argon unit kingdom repres approxim market gase liquefi brinsworth fawlei suppli custom region southern northern england commiss consid facil relat custom contract personnel equip enabl entrant smaller exist competitor present effect competit unit kingdom bulk market divestitur packag cylind gase unit kingdom repres approxim relev market oxygen argon argon mixtur acetylen cover cylind gase reduct actual market share divest product facil give acquir flexibl fill gase depend demand cylind fill centr locat signific coverag unit kingdom market divestitur bulk gase product facil brinsworth fawlei suppli fill centr acetylen produc plant bristol divest distribut infrastructur divest compris personnel collect centr agent contract equip reason suppos divest enabl entrant compet effect unit kingdom cylind market commiss consid propos commit remov oper anti competit effect unit kingdom bulk cylind market concern substanti reduc acquir market posit allow entri signific competitor competitor market posit approxim bulk gase approxim cylind gase signific air liquid acquir initi enter unit kingdom market commiss consid presenc competitor unit kingdom enhanc chanc competitor activ ireland outweigh effect remov air liquid potenti competitor ireland size divest relat bulk cylind market franc exce boc busi air liquid acquir prior notifi oper commiss consid divest remov concentr anti competit effect french bulk cylind market concern divestitur packag relat helium wholesal market ensur air liquid acquir access suppli refin helium russia poland order enabl wholesal supplier replac boc competit potenti compar extent entrant obtain access refin helium suppli sourc unit state abil spread suppli risk unrel sourc ensur competit wholesal market commit intend establish competit potenti exist oper link air liquid air product exist joint ventur algeria remov respect market electron special gase divestitur cover air liquid boc transfil facil eea personnel technolog relat electron special gase transfil continu product suppli ongo custom order divestitur enabl industri gase compani compet effect eea market electron special gase commiss consid propos commit remov fear collect domin posit creat market wholesal helium electron special gase air liquid commit decemb compris element commiss consid commit decemb amend januari act entireti elimin risk ongo link air liquid air product contribut creation strengthen domin posit air liquid boc tonnag bulk cylind market creation collect domin posit air liquid boc air product market wholesal helium electron special gase vi final conclus view forego notifi concentr declar compat common market pursuant articl merger regul function eea agreement pursuant articl thereof subject condit full complianc commit air liquid commiss decemb amend januari set annex adopt decis articl oper notifi commiss august air liquid sa acquir sole control part boc group plc public bid implement jointli air product chemic declar compat common market function eea agreement subject condit full complianc commit air liquid sa commiss decemb amend januari set annex articl decis address air liquid sa quai orsai pari cedex brussel januari commiss mario monti member commiss oj correct version oj oj oj case case case turnov calcul accord articl merger regul commiss notic calcul turnov oj extent figur includ turnov period januari calcul basi averag ecu exchang rate translat eur basi turnov figur air liquid includ turnov busi acquir boc franc germani belgium netherland eur million turnov figur boc includ turnov gase busi acquir air liquid part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk footnot case custom serv air separ unit air liquid document june submit feder trade commiss part hsr file relev text read quot consequ transact tonnag nation basi overlap parti activ european basi combin share exce quot text assess transact impact quot eu territori quot platinum decis april case iv gencor lonrho oj primari aluminium decis case iv alcoa alumax silicon decis januari case iv pechinei samancor miner decis decemb case iv rtz cra larg commerci jet aircraft decis juli case iv boe mcdonnel dougla oj magnet train system decis march case iv transrapid electron connector decis octob case iv framatom berg electron pulp dryer decis februari case iv valmet rauma platinum decis april case iv gencor lonrho oj primari aluminium decis case iv alcoa alumax miner decis decemb case iv rtz cra figur market share calcul base turnov data sale provid supplier tonnag gase due natur tonnag contract data repres market posit supplier accur volum data instanc pai arrang volum relat facil fee actual strength supplier relat custom competitor reflect revenu earn quantiti gase suppli parti combin market share case differ substanti calcul base volum figur oxygen nitrogen tabl list site suppli contract oxygen nitrogen won year eea base data provid parti competitor purpos comparison contract tonn dai count line distinct propos notifi parti notif smaller volum contract includ parti posit stronger air liquid lead european supplier small site nitrogen facil instanc util pipe competitor charg cost equip incumb custom file review investig illustr save lead procur decis favour incumb quot boc process system global situat analysi quot document submit feder trade commiss part hsr file natwest secur quot industri gase quot februari tonnag suppli ireland countri bulk deliveri carri french product site belgium netherland luxembourg lesser degre germani import local product capabl put place air liquid local distribut pipelin capac tpd oxygen tpd nitrogen pipelin capac tpd air liquid larg pipelin network northern franc belgium transfer capac interconnect pipelin rang tpd oxygen nitrogen pipelin limit tpd quot boc process system global situat analysi quot document submit feder trade commiss part hsr file anecdot evid gather investig illustr pipelin custom posit deterior instanc case pipelin contract review anti competit claus exclus claus durat year call quot english claus quot oblig custom submit compet offer incumb supplier ad extens long term contractu relationship quot industri ga industri overview quot submit unit state feder trade commiss part air product hsr file natwest secur quot industri gase quot februari footnot footnot lind won larger number small site contract tpd smaller site plant base standard technolog psa vpsa small cryogen need custom term refer advic industri gase compani larg multin compani draw experi plant site plant customis meet specif principl conceiv custom seek altern advic project design potenti supplier assum larg compani resort strategi investig case found approach except larg quot prestig quot project gase compani eager win assess reflect gener tendenc view share industri analyst instanc natwest secur quot industri gase quot februari quot boc process system global situat analysi quot document submit feder trade commiss part hsr file figur base compani turnov product question annex repli statement object tonnag suppli ireland oxygen pipelin km nitrogen pipelin km combin entiti suppli approxim european demand industri gase financi year tonnag bulk busi account financi year note air liquid comité de projet europ januari call tender electron compani bulk gase nitrogen oxygen argon cylind gase helium hydrogen equip air liquid particip competitor enter unit kingdom market boc past pursu strategi match price reciproc price reduct air liquid gain lead expertis kei high technolog applic area electron chemic industri natwest secur quot industri gase februari pp air liquid amp expenditur focus improv technolog applic industri gase custom industri applic field account air liquid amp figur provid notifi parti quot figur provid notifi parti end aga sold limit oper unit kingdom natwest secur quot industri gase quot februari defin helium sourc chemic econom handbook helium data summari sourc chemic econom handbook helium data summari figur basi volum except messer right orenburg sourc sourc competitor estim sourc chemic econom handbook helium data summari confirm boc analysi quot global helium strategi quot august provid feder trade commiss part hsr file footnot market share figur electron special gase present number articl publish specialis period ga chemic industri annex