commiss decis februari advantag grant walloon region brussel south charleroi airport airlin ryanair connect establish charleroi notifi number french dutch text authent text eea relev ec commiss european commun regard treati establish european commun subparagraph articl thereof regard agreement european econom area articl thereof call interest parti submit comment pursuant articl regard comment procedur inform publish belgian press juli receipt complaint januari commiss inform belgium grant number advantag airlin ryanair oper air servic charleroi airport letter date novemb june juli meet held octob belgium transmit inform commiss letter date decemb sg commiss inform belgium decis initi procedur provid articl treati respect measur belgium transmit comment februari request extens februari period respons accept commiss commiss decis initi procedur publish offici journal european union commiss invit interest parti submit comment measur question month public date commiss receiv comment subject interest parti transmit comment confidenti inform belgium letter date march contribut confidenti inform remov letter date april occas belgium opportun respond month commiss receiv belgium observ letter date request commiss meet held belgian author june juli juli meet dispatch addit inform request commiss august decemb belgium final letter commiss addit inform letter belgian author request meet commiss meet held januari descript descript fact novemb walloon region owner charleroi airport infrastructur sign agreement ryanair involv reduct amount land charg compar amount fix govern publish moniteur belg reduct grant ryanair discretionari basi walloon minist transport privat contract adopt statutori measur land charg calcul tonnag weight aircraft gener system applic calcul basi ryanair collect embark passeng addit walloon region undertook compens ryanair loss compani incur chang level airport tax airport open hour year advantag publish subject specif oblig part ryanair walloon region brussel south charleroi airport bsca public sector compani control walloon region manag airport year concess agreement bsca collect financi support walloon region order carri task gener interest entrust agreement bsca authoris collect air traffic fee fee servic provid letter date juli belgian author explain walloon region bsca flat revenu tax compens quot element account involv welcom embark disembark transfer passeng luggag volum increas overhead alloc specif head rapid increas number passeng dealt recept facil adapt quot belgian author quot activ involv public servic task subject compens accord articl ec treati quot incom bsca grant ryanair quot share quot expenditur connect open ryanair base charleroi eur hotel cost ryanair staff subsist eur rout open maximum rout base aircraft maximum eur eur particip cost recruit train pilot crew assign destin serv airport eur purchas offic equip free provis offic space quot engin store quot access train room minimum contribut hangar aircraft mainten addit price fix ground handl servic ryanair eur passeng mere price publicis bsca user ryanair bsca form joint advertis public compani financ ryanair public market relat activ charleroi compani financ part price ryanair promot ticket bsca ryanair contribut proport promoci oper eur put promoci authoris capit quot market quot contribut eur passeng annual budget return ryanair undertook vi vi bsca base number aircraft charleroi oper rotat aircraft leav charleroi year period irish compani airport manag airport passeng traffic anticip incom airport tax aeronaut activ ryanair ceas oper charleroi compani requir repai bsca quot particip quot expenditur connect open ryanair base quot market contribut quot initi assess commiss appear decis initi procedur decis initi procedur commiss consid grant walloon region reduct airport tax airlin compani flight period fifteen year bilater agreement public deviat stipul law amount grant tax exempt compani place compani advantag posit competitor fly charleroi compens guarante favour ryanair event walloon region exercis fiscal power increas tax regulatori power alter airport open time oper condit commerci environ stabl safe commerci risk constitut privileg favour airlin compani commiss consid principl privat investor market economi applic action walloon region exercis regulatori fiscal power measur specif grant state resourc distort competit intra commun trade consid constitut state aid commiss judg bear bsca air servic run cost effect put ryanair advantag situat competitor compani oper charleroi compani oper airport requir financ public pilot train employe accommod regard principl privat investor market economi commiss consid difficult appli case role walloon region public author bsca airport busi strongli intertwin difficult determin certainti bsca act privat investor conclud agreement ryanair action left doubt public author public compani bsca control grant illeg potenti incompat aid irish compani commiss conclud decis initi procedur advantag grant ryanair constitut state aid mean articl treati doubt aid compat common market basi exempt provid articl treati comment interest parti commiss receiv critic comment regard agreement contribut parti defend valid summari comment interest parti interest parti critic financi incent grant ryanair condit provid magnitud absenc proportion phase reduct unlimit durat absenc transpar discrimin inequ compani relat airport tax rate interest parti stress competit impact aid airlin mode transport parti rais factual question payment airport tax bsca public servic compens capitalis bsca walloon region make airport infrastructur bsca benefit bear safeti cost walloon region open ground handl market oper accord direct ec interest parti defend valid agreement explain consist current practic airport industri normal airport grant advantag airlin bring passeng volum gener signific incom walloon region bsca behav privat investor market economi negoti agreement ryanair interest parti stress commiss conclud tantamount state aid practis discrimin privat public airport breach articl treati commiss requir agreement negoti public airport airlin made public put public airport competit disadvantag relat privat airport comment interest parti critic agreement britannia airlin britannia consid normal airport provid market support reduct volum passeng suppli compani case airport establish advantag remain proport realist limit durat britannia worri inequ creat compet airlin specif case airport tax unequ unrealist low cost compani runwai termin secur facil airlin scandinavian airlin sa recal deregul european airspac led increas competit tradit airlin allow creation compani develop busi concept fundament import competit compli regulatori framework appli transpar discrimin klm royal dutch airlin klm explain low fare airlin tradit airlin offer product quot raison être quot commerci oper level low fare airlin gener avoid larg airport logist complic utilis cost high choos region platform oper rapid rotat reduc cost develop call question base aid klm advantag receiv ryanair charleroi permit articl treati compens grant ryanair consist base number aircraft charleroi airport state affair air franc air franc consid reduct ryanair run cost absorpt walloon region bsca creat disadvantag ryanair competitor provid connect intra commun market reduct land charg ryanair reduc run cost fact make competit competitor flight oper charleroi ryanair network compens commit walloon region regard advantag guarante stabil oper condit ryanair quot practic oper airport platform demonstr commerci regulatori environ rigid total airport tax easili rise manag forc financ specif measur aim accommod carrier wish establish charleroi addit develop environment measur alter condit oper airport quot air franc draw parallel situat charleroi obtain member state franc austrian airlin austrian airlin arriv low fare airlin gave rise subsidi race airport region wish serv carrier develop call principl payment avail infrastructur question time basic rule civil aviat world aid grant degress independ success realis ryanair connect serv benefit airlin gener discrimin austrian airlin conclud quot cooper quot observ ryanair walloon region lead signific distort competit airlin larg incompat smooth oper intern aviat market associ resid inhabit town close charleroi goss airport arach arach draw commiss attent fact ask compet minist copi agreement ryanair walloon region bsca accord access inform environ obtain inform associ concern financi aid grant ryanair lead quot unbridl develop airport quot urban site term quot citizen taxpay concern question govern aid grant privat compani involv improp walloon region budgetari resourc quot interest parti interest parti state quot concern quot subsidi grant local author affect condit competit mode transport quot ryanair benefit public subsidi charleroi london connect eurostar oper jointli sncb british railwai sncf benefit mean transport direct competit brussel london link railwai oper make commun link purchas equip engin pai infrastructur tunnel toll equal treatment competitor disrupt quot interest parti interest parti point advantag grant ryanair reduc cost structur enabl appli lower fare practic affect condit competit compani oper charleroi brussel nation airport zaventem rout serv competit call quot low cost quot airlin competit analys rout rout basi travel venic barcelona destin wholli exchang interest arous low cost flight passeng fact travel specif place make break dai dai routin venic barcelona competit occur rout compani explain direct cost brussel eur passeng compar eur ryanair oper charleroi ground handl servic limit ryanair airlin interest parti point consider amount ground handl servic compani fact ground handl market open competit brussel nation airport mean assist cost higher brussel charleroi assist cost gener speak higher small airport larg airport compani gener manag reach critic size make save signific scale interest parti estim ryanair save eur million actual ground handl cost land charg appear bsca account council direct ec date octob access ground handl market commun airport airport reach million passeng year bsca appli direct threshold open ground handl market oper bsca act privat investor market economi polit social reason instruct walloon region year contract bsca establish profit busi expect continu experi oper problem prospect return invest undermin ryanair withdraw bsca obtain contribut walloon region airport tax revenu rate free avail infrastructur walloon region paid contribut walloon airport compani sowaer principl payment walloon region limit compens cost connect public servic oblig incumb bsca situat clear regard compani acknowledg benefit occas quot market quot advantag launch destin reduct airport tax ground handl cost advantag grant ryanair charleroi bound current practic estim commerci risk import set brussel nation airport time competit sabena strong fact airport manag grant advantag ryanair relev demonstr charleroi airport act privat investor market economi compani refer steinik amp weil judgment deliv court justic european commun interest parti interest parti bsca behav privat investor magnitud advantag grant grant airport fact ryanair receiv advantag airport relev constitut state aid interest parti draw commiss attent factor account analysi potenti profit bsca exclud medium term profit bsca benefit capitalis walloon region total eur million decemb quot benefit exempt half total fee due walloon region period advantag total million euro year bsca pai back onward quot commiss account total cost relat charleroi airport expans project valu eur million method financ work cover bsca verifi condit walloon region make infrastructur bsca interest parti doubt current state infrastructur airport posit cater suffici passeng ensur financi balanc bsca walloon region suppli bsca free charg equip staff need secur oper charleroi airport passeng luggag control prior embark interest parti add quot commiss inform gener rule secur cost born airport user secur fee payabl airport oper tax servic provid public author quot comment interest parti defend valid agreement tbi tbi compani airport world type airport servic own manag london luton cardiff intern belfast intern stockholm skavsta airport manag airport belong local region author final suppli specialis airport servic airport tbi state negoti progress ryanair stockholm skavsta time compani negoti charleroi airport agreement sign charleroi similar arrang conclud tbi ryanair low cost compani stockholm skavsta tbi point develop airport charleroi slow relat privat competitor simpl fact public airport act grant reduct land charg ground handl cost standard commerci practic aim attract compani posit provid signific volum passeng volum guarante trade incom airport passeng volum airport constant struggl reach break point airport belong state pai compens event increas region author tax privat airport fix contractu period contribut form pai hotel cost cost staff train market unusu compar invest made risk carrier base aircraft airport market contribut common framework airport compani airport channel great deal effort market flight market process benefit airport enjoi improv imag passeng number tbi offer type contribut oper establish servic increas frequenc flight rout unfair impos public airport oblig publicis agreement negoti airlin compani oblig place situat competit disadvantag relat privat airport subject oblig tbi explain region airport year absenc competit airlin open market european level date tradit compani polaris hub rise compani ryanair oper point point servic smaller airport revers trend chanc reach break point experi london luton user low cost compani easyjet ryanair hapag lloyd cardiff low cost compani bmibabi belfast easyjet stockholm skavsta ryanair base januari illustr hrl morrison hrl morrison subsidiari infratil owner glasgow prestwick histori briefli retrac glasgow airport sold british airport author airport capac attract tradit compani prove imposs airport decid conclud year agreement ryanair daili rotat glasgow dublin passeng carri ireland scotland year ryanair develop rout carri million passeng ryanair airport develop commerci oper reach critic size break point morrison privat investor adopt approach charleroi airport base offer determin factor volum passeng compani bring airport willing commit long term mean contract specif compani aircraft movement timet consist airport activ exist traffic termin term resourc ground handl assist calcul profit expect agreement ryanair constitu element separ benefit transact envisag period year servic take year year agreement involv sharehold morrison commerci accept return invest occur year signatur agreement morrison essenc made remark tbi regard reduct fee contribut financi incent unusu airport negoti reduct airport tax ground handl cost exchang volum passeng long term commit ryanair prevent compani choos airport airport difficult situat regard advertis effect provid promot air servic leav airport fact airport line paramount count benefit aris advertis campaign increas passeng number proof commerci charact agreement negoti charleroi lie fact morrison interest acquir hold bsca access bsca account morrison consid commiss wrong oblig airport conced condit compani appli distinct volum traffic gener wrong impos public oblig privat commerci transact provid compet airport sensit inform cover profession secreci ryanair gener remark ryanair stress consequ commiss decis surviv region airport deregul air transport servic twenti year take risk low cost compani succeed tradit compani fail made underus region airport london stanst glasgow prestwick london luton belfast viabl airport competit major airport forc monopoli lower cost improv effici consum benefit situat access plane ticket good price commiss depriv continent secondari airport experi unit kingdom airport offer incent commiss conclud case involv state aid violat articl treati introduc discrimin public privat airport commiss prejudg ownership regim member state prevent public airport offer financi condit offer privat airport unaccept polit legal level compel airport publish charg legal oblig point commiss abus power hold provis treati state aid treati distinct legal basi articl legisl airport fee propos council direct airport fee rest legal basi recal relat walloon airport ryanair point agreement negoti ryanair bsca walloon region element state aid reason principl privat investor market economi appli select agreement distort competit relat ryanair secondari airport attract invest infrastructur secondari airport critic mass passeng obtain long term agreement airlin guarante volum passeng base rout open ryanair tabl show tabl ryanair base volum passeng gt tabl gt tabl ryanair rout volum passeng gt tabl gt attract compani airport readi negoti reduct shown studi request commiss ryanair provid confidenti inform commiss compani pai charleroi quot privat quot airport stockholm skavsta glasgow prestwick frankfurt hahn ancona bournemouth liverpool knock show net payment provid benefit charleroi higher provid airport ryanair set charleroi airport receiv passeng year averag dai charleroi dublin rout open ryanair transport passeng year transport passeng citi traffic exist brussel dublin rout airport receiv million passeng dai ten destin europ volum traffic increas ryanair made number remark negoti airport develop connect descript decis initi procedur summer autumn ryanair commenc negoti airport creation ryanair base add aircraft line summer onward agreement bsca ryanair walloon region approv februari signatur novemb formalis negoti charleroi conduct trade negoti applic principl privat investor market economi principl privat investor market economi appli bsca act airport manag maximis profit airport walloon region airport owner act airport sharehold seek maximis airport agreement conclud normal market condit happen privat airport addit ryanair receiv favour condit london luton profit gener arriv ryanair owner manag airport exce ryanair guarante increas airport huge invest form aircraft base perman charleroi averag passeng dai million passeng effici airport substanti profit year growth signific kind european airport base year agreement ten destin european countri invest market airport heavi financi penalti ryanair event failur respect condit laid contract relat passeng volum experi deal effect compani world experienc staff increas rental incom increas busi airport attract airport investor durat agreement year unusu ryanair agreement last year airport durat guarante stabil incom make invest long term infrastructur applic principl privat investor market economi walloon region ryanair consid principl privat investor market economi applic walloon region measur region pure capac econom actor regul exercis public power prerog ryanair ask commiss bear mind walloon region act airport owner addit walloon region main sharehold bsca benefit bsca benefit airport owner charleroi airport increas consider ryanair set year ago year airport commensur volum passeng transport low cost compani commerci success bsca demonstr interest shown busi morrison vinci aéroport de pari purchas bsca exampl increas ryanair cite glasgow copenhagen airport belong british airport author modifi land charg ryanair walloon region act market actor regul fiscal author rais lower quot tax quot level addit quot tax quot quot fee quot walloon regul term quot fee quot paid bsca walloon region gener practic fee collect airport agreement negoti airlin rate publish approv govern essenc determin airport negoti directli airport airlin reduct land charg launch servic strengthen frequenc common industri except congest hub heathrow charl de gaull commiss appear unusu illeg fix total land charg passeng basi weight aircraft ryanair agreement airport base model ryanair point weight quot decis initi procedur correct weight boe develop ryanair type aircraft charleroi tonn basi amount reduct averag agreement exist ryanair elig system reduct provid belgian legisl make provis reduct regard compens guarante quot oblig quot undertaken walloon region event airport fee alter airport open time matter quot regulatori quot natur commerci decis essenti establish ryanair base guarante similar quot stabilis claus quot quot comfort letter quot context long term agreement privat compani state bodi tunnel pipelin sector context privatis normal parent compani grant guarante parti sign contract subsidiari essenti ryanair obtain measur secur govern guarante limit sovereignti walloon region prevent chang law compens initi parti compet walloon region feder european intern level undertak ryanair limit call question exercis regulatori power commiss decid walloon region give assur privat investor market economi discrimin public airport fee fix control govern regulatori author privat airport free fix fee durat contract applic principl privat investor market economi bsca ryanair criticis fact commiss decis initi procedur difficulti appli principl privat investor market economi bsca complex relat walloon region commiss appli principl separ activ bsca walloon region base present moment durat contract year durat bsca concess year fact bsca show loss year signific return invest realis year bsca project reason foundat reason return invest year period commiss object reason conclud state aid present commiss indiffer proof show posteriori invest decis commiss incom collect bsca quot singl till quot principl make separ air travel revenu incom link bsca commerci activ critic mass passeng gener correspond million reach bsca expect busi revenu offset shortfal air travel revenu profit airport increas quot network effect quot posit extern factor airport airlin expans parti incent develop reason profit airport link quot learn curv quot economi scale lower airport unit cost rapid expans traffic airport probabl stage manag attent focus relat handl volum passeng economi scale commiss account cost infrastructur case airport charleroi cost consid irrecover quot sunk quot cost financ year ago militari expenditur govern addit ryanair recal commiss polici gener financ infrastructur constitut state aid fall framework nation european transport polici advantag bsca contract ryanair includ revenu airport tax ryanair estim eur million period servic provid ryanair relat market sold lower price partner public link ryanair site promot ticket ryanair specifi regard advantag receiv quot quot incent estim total million aim develop geograph connect oper fewer rout higher frequenc paid basi invoic repaid ryanair withdraw common practic airport industri waterford belfast bristol liverpool luton stanst ryanair benefit stockholm skavsta market contribut tool promot airport reduct airport fee owner manag airport benefit promoci campaign increas passeng volum revenu airport campaign common airport industri regard provis offic eur grant offic equip ryanair point sum eur scarc import quot minimum quot amount ryanair offic space offer build work carri ryanair favour absenc select ryanair recal charleroi agreement measur public industri receiv press coverag belgium unit kingdom ireland confirm walloon author press communiqué juli advantag grant airlin invest charleroi similar condit ryanair consid public oblig lead discrimin public airport privat airport exempt contradict articl treati decis commiss manchest case base compel public airport offer condit compani posit select criterion absent case number reason put forward compani agreement exclus reduct grant user addit belgian law system reduct charleroi airport promot document mention possibl reduct airport step airlin agreement ryanair addit capac airlin impact competit ryanair consid condit competit affect relev market defin analog competit law extend includ right state aid fact competit relat type product cover charter flight schedul flight geograph area cover rout serv contrari commiss assert compani oper charleroi airport competitor ryanair charter compani offer flight week charleroi summer addit ryanair suppos compani lodg complaint explain fact agreement walloon region bsca ryanair effect fact benefit market campaign develop ryanair bsca turn charleroi airport addit charter compani gener pai attent cost link airport oper costli irregular servic ground handl cost air travel cost form small part travel cost quot packag quot convers airport cost make larg part ryanair ticket price level competit ryanair compani oper airport distort airport offer competit advantag ryanair direct competitor easyjet virgin express refus charleroi airport competit posit affect charleroi agreement compat aid commiss conclud state aid present oblig determin compat measur common market basi relev framework basi exempt rule merit socioeconom benefit brought region analys ryanair state reserv adopt detail posit commiss examin measur compat basi articl treati annex respons ryanair explain econom impact airport activ region higher airport passeng transit ryanair transport million passeng number job gener includ ryanair employe rotat ryanair posit creat addit job direct indirect activ lead busi set region airport open door intern activ ryanair contribut develop tourist activ incom belgium encourag passeng back belgium low price ticket polici ryanair recal hainaut region poorest belgium fall articl treati aid fulfil priori condit defin framework exempt rule commiss requir judg case individu merit ryanair commiss assess compat aid pilot train basi commiss regul ec januari applic articl ec treati train aid comment belgium belgium commun comment procedur initi februari addit remark develop secondari airport relat ryanair privat investor behaviour walloon region respons includ demonstr behaviour bsca privat investor market economi compani busi plan date april specialist report consult deloitt amp touch date intend assess plausibl relat compani result commiss report submit commiss allow consult valid structur gener hypothes underlai bsca busi plan consult conclud futur result expect todai shown busi plan quot read creat impress board director commit compani ryanair consider increas activ expens profit develop year show contrari busi plan bring result back posit total continu improv comment profit invest term equiti fund demonstr consid board decis justifi busi plan turn prudent reliabl period neg profit last year repres normal transit differ condit oper quot respons comment interest parti belgium submit addit element commiss occas point success manag activ faster anticip increas commerci incom board director bsca approv budget show posit result result fourth quarter show profit eur break result commiss request meet belgian author order clarifi number question outstand relat bsca behaviour privat investor market economi airport tax environ fund mainten fire compens capitalis bsca central question address meet behaviour bsca commiss point bsca busi plan commiss consult report basi appli privat investor principl plan date spring post date bsca invest decis commit regard ryanair plan admiss base oper paramet bsca fact includ element reflect modif made concess condit decis initi procedur commiss ask belgian author send busi plan produc bsca document accord practic court justic case law analys privat investor reason time decis invest busi plan belgium commiss financi analysi carri present decis mind develop region airport relat ryanair case region airport belgium infrastructur charleroi airport made profit manag oper region airport transfer region walloon govern decid econom potenti present airport made number invest aim develop decis juli approv guidelin invest programm charleroi valu eur bef belgium stress provis state aid laid treati appli type fund commiss guidelin relat applic articl ec treati articl eea agreement state aid aviat sector hereinaft quot aviat sector guidelin quot quot construct enlarg infrastructur project airport motorwai bridg repres gener measur econom polici control commiss treati rule state aid infrastructur develop decis scope applic commun aim meet plan implement nation environment transport polici quot belgium point univers cranfield studi mention small region airport surviv public financ passeng volum million year impact passeng volum unit cost born airport determin factor unit cost fall significantli passeng onward stabilis million passeng order attract passeng volum effort made attract airlin charleroi site onward contact made low cost compani virgin express ryanair easyjet debonair larg number region compani charter compani neckermann sunsnack pégase sunair jet air tour bosphoru airport develop charter flight associ thoma cook british world airlin wasteel travel flight algeria yemen seri handicap affect airport number reason airlin canvass made difficult set airlin depart charleroi compani grand travaux de marseil gtm interest hold bsca carri studi develop potenti airport studi reveal ryanair immedi feasibl option bsca transform airport commerci oper realis profit short medium term belgium specifi quot true financi concess request ryanair higher bsca envisag low cost compani contact interest shown compani low constitut altern set ryanair charleroi quot belgium stress region airport charter compani quot win team quot hand airport grant good time slot congest free environ rapid aircraft rotat greatli reduc airport tax offer flexibl servic suitabl type airlin hand allianc allow previous region airport enjoi dramat growth number passeng gener destin launch ryanair basi daili frequenc increas year airport deriv consider benefit open rout open base critic mass revenu type realis ensur cost cover quickli open ryanair base passeng number increas passeng volum estim network multipl destin immedi increas success airport stanst liverpool luton airport incur loss grant fee reduct low cost compani enjoi phenomen growth passeng volum gener compani show profit airport learnt diversifi sourc incom understood profit depend volum passeng pass infrastructur commerci incom tend exce incom aeronaut activ main airport airport commerci compani negoti favour condit case case basi order attract airlin increas traffic volum establish ryanair number agent set charleroi guarante durat contract made easier fix profit paramet construct termin commerci capac airport increas improv recept passeng increas busi surfac area belgium underlin interest privat airport manag bsca grand travaux de marseil morrison express interest acquir capit quot fact privat partner vinci morrison shown interest acquir sharehold bsca demonstr agreement reach ryanair reach privat investor appear bsca profit busi futur quot term airport capac belgium inaccur airport satur present remain capac commerci viewpoint oper viewpoint theoret capac current infrastructur estim million passeng realist term cater million passeng leav progress margin relat volum passeng bsca consid termin increas capac allow airlin open base charleroi user set charleroi flyeco intend introduc destin decemb count passeng year activ applic principl privat investor market economi applic privat investor principl walloon region reduct land charg belgium believ advis appli principl privat investor market economi walloon region polici quot effect part exercis busi activ part exercis regal power quot contrari past assert belgium explain airport tax consid fee tax fee levi user level consumpt concept tax impli equal user face involv quot fee constitut price airport user return servic render quot meet june commiss ask specif servic fee relat belgium answer fee relat specif servic render partial financi contribut airport infrastructur term walloon decre juli meet commiss ask revenu tax held walloon region bsca belgium answer initi held walloon region transfer revenu bsca commiss ask decre juli stipul bsca quot collect quot airport tax word quot collect quot simpli mean quot levi quot bsca hold ownership revenu belgium answer simpl collect process letter august belgium suppli explan explain bsca owner tax time collect user paid environ fund belgium explain bsca respons provid public servic concess quot concess public servic manag privat individu public servic expens risk peril control method determin licensor return payment collect agent expens user quot bsca entiti manag oper airport suppli servic user quot logic collect fee constitut consider servic render user quot belgium believ bsca hold airport tax constitut state aid walloon region favour bsca transfer public resourc entiti support argument quot case law preussenelektra belgium stress member state public author fix airport tax airport fall compet airport fix tariff level control regul author tariff easili compar correspond structur cost busi polici develop phase transport polici airport region airport lower structur cost tax main airport regard comparison airport belgium consid assert interest parti pai charg eur zaventem ryanair pai mere eur servic incorrect point passeng ryanair pai eur land eur ground handl eur passeng fee eur contribut promoci make total eur belgium justifi reduct grant ryanair land tax quot volum passeng brought compani million passeng contractu period year quot quot walloon public author grant discriminatori reduct order attract user ryanair region airport charleroi exce million passeng reach break point quot forgotten reduct land tax rais total tax revenu significantli ryanair increas eur million ryanair traffic eur collect belgium consid quot bsca walloon region confront commerci grant reduct land charg risk substitut relat ryanair easili contract airport quot refer van der kooi case law case relat ga suppli price netherland judgment februari court justic consid preferenti rate grant horticulturist constitut aid measur quot demonstr preferenti tariff context market question object justifi econom reason resist competit market sourc energi price competit quot court confirm case law judgment februari quot commerci common commerci practic undertak grant discount econom maintain quot public airport bound public oblig grant reduct land charg privat airport recours type negoti protect commiss measur relat state aid belgium quot exampl airport agre reduc fee prior public belgium assert charleroi airport readi grant rebat airlin bring volum passeng compar gener ryanair bsca busi plan compil basi principl land tax total equal paid ryanair eur passeng airport user proof fact measur select belgium submit commiss offer made bsca airlin made total eur belgium explain walloon public author prepar amend walloon decre juli quot accur consider object criteria distinguish type user walloon airport quot compens claus walloon region belgium contest commiss statement principl privat investor applic walloon region exercis regulatori power answer quot commiss forc walloon region act criteria privat oper market economi includ conclus synallagmat contract time deni give contractor legal secur expect quot normal walloon region specif compet commit contractor ensur level legal secur contract conclud year period stress walloon region shrink exercis regulatori power relat tax relat charleroi airport open hour compens claus effect context commerci relat ryanair claus discriminatori real competitor carri activ similar ryanair charleroi walloon region state grant claus potenti competitor ryanair wish oper regular flight meet june commiss ask tax introduc environ tax ryanair requir pai contractu period belgium explain walloon region introduc airport tax initi preclud introduct regul commun belgian feder state ryanair charg applic principl privat investor bsca type advantag grant ryanair belgian author remark type advantag grant ryanair join formul irish compani tbi morrison quot quot incent grant return signific risk ryanair invest made develop destin region airport prove worth bsca readi grant incent compani low price ground handl explain limit basic servic optim alloc human resourc servic continu rationalis order minimis loss benefit suppli ryanair transit loss envisag context transact ryanair offset incom gener airport tax commerci activ remark interest parti open ground handl market charleroi belgium specifi quot present direct direct ec applic charleroi airport airport pass million passeng threshold criteria appli direct fulfil bsca requir measur compli quot regard market contribut belgium consid interest promot airport passeng favour airlin specif airport infrastructur airlin vector passeng flow airport incom correl basi true market activ centr ryanair flight contribut directli creation bsca airport commerci incom increas passeng number trigger public centr airlin oper imag charleroi airport improv benefit public ryanair site visit travel site european airport sector region airport consum airlin make greater effort order creat reput viabl altern larger main airport benefit rail road link establish reput bsca decis make process develop negoti ryanair belgium busi plan submit bsca board director plan consid greatli credibl tendenc underestim charg overestim revenu contact made ryanair order negoti condit month intens negoti agreement principl reach februari provid passeng tax increas bef eur eur increas tax time account inflat remov upper limit land tax origin appli passeng flight element incorpor busi plan formal approv board director bsca contractu text sign bsca board director includ number busi manag experienc manag larg privat compani approv agreement natur base detail examin meet june commiss ask belgian author precis date decis bsca invest ryanair written repli belgium ryanair point date signatur agreement ryanair bsca walloon region novemb simpli formalis agreement reach februari ryanair april belgium belgium answer board director bsca decis juli report board director bsca develop negoti trace meet board director bsca elect vice presid manag committe inform walloon govern repres respons airport negoti ryanair final stage agreement submit board director want quot financi project relat futur oper ryanair quot meet june point made state negoti ryanair negoti led bsca director member walloon prime minist offic walloon transport minist meet foremost opportun board director hear present compani auditor task carri bsca concess agreement point cover fire servic strict complianc icao standard mainten servic build runwai surround area sale aviat fuel manag hangar manag develop car park servic manag premis administr build cafeteria restaur manag advertis space ground handl cater busi area tax free shop passeng inform servic agent context privat area manag agreement provid mainten land build equip structur includ concess made suitabl intend meet june larg devot negoti ryanair walloon govern repres explain contract quot draft stage verbal agreement reach parti quot question touch number base aircraft fix limit number flight dai quot capac airport financi limit contribut long term object diversifi find compani wish ryanair sole client charleroi airport quot land tax quot director recal point land tax fix walloon govern minist grant preferenti rate collect bsca remain properti oper compani addit minist challeng matter parliament answer compani oper walloon airport tax quot quot director ask eur point euro point remain properti bsca director repli affirm quot meet juli negoti ryanair walloon govern repres comment draft contract member board director director quot point left contract finalis term content director inform assess financi side contract financi side import commit airport respons director quot director obtain precis inform possibl ryanair obtain financi advantag aircraft base meet juli allow discuss finalis contract ryanair board director document basi busi plan form tabl show revenu expenditur spread year strateg guidelin note juli date board director bsca decis finalis agreement ryanair minut meet delai sign agreement ryanair ryanair difficulti relat condit oper promoci juli board director address issu agreement busi plan strateg guidelin note juli board director examin busi plan shown tabl compon notabl ground handl incom land royalti issu connect environ fund passeng volum address issu airport tax open hour walloon govern repres stress quot walloon region fulfil commit effect bsca quot walloon region held liabl airport open hour chang tax increas quot passeng board tax fix period total euro airlin commerci passeng tax increas eur eur board tax reduc quot tabl gt tabl gt belgium provid analyt detail bsca oper sum tabl tabl gt tabl gt board director discuss note strateg guidelin submit note set object achiev airport term passeng volum repres share belgian market exceed outlin market nich strategi design establish light structur offer airlin attract financi condit quick rotat time focus short flight pleasur busi nearbi destin potenti user target low cost airlin east european airlin stress difficulti attract region airlin implement strategi base develop air traffic air traffic increas passeng year flight dai charleroi ryanair expect bring million passeng onward develop ryanair activ subject negoti extens agreement daili flight million passeng year note quot quot estim ryanair present difficult low cost compani set base charleroi make potenti destin base bsca compani auditor examin analysi busi plan judg hypothes prudent underlin number problem quot gener speak hypothes compil busi plan prudent term revenu car park term gener expens make comparison spent end june point highlight result account fee mainten fire oper paid walloon region budget increas progress time subsidi mainten fire invest period revenu compli provis concess agreement schedul condit remind expir decemb emphasis auditor make tariff appli ryanair wholli consist walloon govern decre juli relat discount eur passeng emphasis auditor attach note bsca comment busi plan point environ fund total maximum bef million index onward agreement sign date quot analysi paramet underli busi plan respons fire mainten servic commiss point bsca paid financi compens walloon region quot fire mainten quot servic perform behalf compens busi plan revenu section commiss consid issu bsca walloon region respons servic examin agreement document drawn parti articl schedul condit attach concess convent state bsca respons provid develop quot fire servic strict complianc icao standard quot quot mainten servic build runwai surround area cartag quot transit provis articl stipul quot conced author walloon region bear cost fire mainten servic quot amend concess august principl bsca accept respons retain walloon region financ end quot period year commenc januari conced author walloon region bear cost fire mainten servic mention articl parti agre examin provis framework budget financi balanc concess forecast budget develop subsequ year bsca profit loss account quot meet belgian author juli commiss point bsca decis conclud agreement ryanair juli assur walloon region continu bear cost servic year contrari concess document time provid pai cost bsca compani auditor board director meet june commiss ask belgium basi bsca walloon region continu bear cost servic belgium transmit legal base fire mainten subsidi grant bsca latest contribut date decemb belgium present document relat fire mainten subsidi letter bsca walloon transport ministri juli set cost budget airport categori expens letter follow telephon convers parti return letter walloon govern bsca transmit belgian author confirm agreement bear cost statement belgium consid compens paid bsca mainten fire fight consist court justic case law altmark case environ fund infrastructur provis fee walloon decre april forc airport tax alloc environ fund commiss ask belgium fact paid fund bsca appear part revenu meet commiss june belgium fund longer exist legisl provis abolish commiss note forc todai bsca paid collect environ fund contribut reach ceil bef million eur million belgium point contribut decemb environ fund ceil bef million year index sowaer financi plan approv walloon govern bsca august amend made concess contract environ contribut chang fee payabl sowaer infrastructur fact respons interest parti assert bsca pai provis infrastructur belgium repli assert incorrect quot ceil aeronaut fee alloc sowaer term concess agreement april quot quot part fee payabl user infrastructur airlin passeng alloc sowaer particip cost financ infrastructur assert unjustifi quot capitalis bsca walloon region meet bsca board director juli alert loss link set ryanair base earli year contract capitalis busi walloon region tune eur million judg quot order avoid precari situat quot principl capitalis mention decis walloon govern annex financi plan société wallonn de aéroport plan quot sharehold bsca total million bef distribut year time million capit million sowaer hold million quot bsca director decid conclud agreement ryanair guarante regard capitalis director quot ask request increas capit submit sowaer director answer sowaer envisag increas capit million increas capit made director concern board director approv plan know sharehold follow case bsca fulfil contract director propos includ item agenda sowaer board director meet director note board director ask approv contract obtain increas capit sowaer director inform board sowaer send letter bsca confirm board director sowaer approv financi plan increas capit provid quot decemb belgian author produc letter august sowaer bsca copi decis walloon govern capitalis walloon airport tune bef million letter specifi document approv sowaer juli question capitalis bsca rais interest parti written repli belgium answer increas bsca capit eur agre principl made sowaer decemb oper carri accord principl privat investor market economi consult firm deloitt amp touch analysi busi plan point region sowaer act privat investor fund invest bsca requir produc return invest view result expect bsca period contribut date decemb belgian author novemb sowaer ask deloitt amp touch analys comparison busi plan suppli deloitt amp touch respons novemb expert consid gener conclus studi relat busi plan extend busi plan comment belgian author respons remark financ secur oper made interest parti belgium consid oper constitut quot public servic oblig incumb member state quot oper quot provid walloon region bsca involv member state determin financ oper fact walloon region decid charg bsca secur fee base polit choic constitut state aid favour quot belgium share view ryanair regard relev market compani airport charter compani transport servic distinct low cost compani commiss decis relat concentr show belgian author state contribut decemb privat investor attitud bsca strengthen observ posteriori result anticip higher anticip busi plan figur declar net profit region eur compar project loss eur busi plan assess aid evalu presenc aid mean articl treati articl treati articl eea agreement aid grant member state state resourc form incompat treati eea agreement affect trade member state contract parti distort threaten distort competit favour undertak product good advantag grant ryanair decis initi procedur commiss distinguish type advantag receiv ryanair grant walloon region grant bsca advantag grant walloon region address specif issu advantag grant ryanair form reduct land charg estim gener tariff level problem address commiss point oppos reduct grant airlin condit quot manchest quot decis mention commiss decid short term reduct grant exercis discrimin airport user fall scope articl treati lead distort competit hand commiss reduct system reduct grant preferenti treatment specif busi fall scope articl treati commiss consid case issu fall hypothesi reduct land charg guarante compens grant compani period year compani set charleroi articl treati appli benefit aris grant exempt common law tariff system justifi object econom ground question examin present case quot advantag quot mean articl treati grant ryanair belgium ryanair ryanair benefit advantag mean state aid rule walloon region act privat investor market economi offer preferenti econom viabl tariff point decis initi procedur commiss note principl privat investor market economi appli action walloon region justifi reduct land quot tax quot compens guarante airport open hour land quot tax quot level alter principl enter plai quot context carri econom activ context exercis regulatori power quot quot public author argument obtain econom benefit owner airport busi justifi aid adopt form discriminatori exercis regulatori fiscal power quot procedur belgium ryanair point abovement advantag grant ryanair context econom activ exercis regal power return commit made benefit brought ryanair walloon region act airport privat airport europ accord principl privat investor market economi commiss maintain act fix airport tax fall legisl regulatori compet walloon region principl privat investor market economi applic circumst walloon airport organis fall legal framework walloon region compet relat airport aris belgian feder law region grant compet relat equip oper public airport aerodrom locat territori belgian feder law august amend special law august walloon govern authoris regul access walloon airport charleroi lièg saint hubert spa basi walloon parliament act legisl act walloon govern transfer oper walloon airport authoris quot method determin fix collect fee transfer collect agent quot walloon legislatur provid collect condit entrust agent fix fee transfer held walloon polit regulatori power bsca lièg bierset airport compani hold fix fee quot passiv quot beneficiari part fee incom hold power relat total portion payabl environ fund fix fee receiv regularli alter walloon region relat cap relat recipi dedic fund bsca public sharehold sowaer final relat liquid fund alloc sum ow bsca walloon govern regul access walloon airport aerodrom juli decre amend decre decre fix level fee collect user set system land charg reduct weight aircraft articl plan meet user advisori committe deliv opinion propos fee system fee level determin method collect fee provid quot fee subscript brought attent user mean displai public aip aeronaut inform public quot applic regul publish moniteur belg walloon region act public author regul access walloon public properti guarante condit user equal belgium ryanair maintain walloon region involv sector econom activ function similar regul fix level airport tax payabl user walloon airport regul activ act compani decis initi procedur defin airport tax establish walloon region charleroi airport quot tax quot present decis descript unchang consid court justic describ quot parafisc charg quot charg characteris intend moment collect financ transfer resourc case airport charg fix walloon region alloc oper airport allot manag compani environ fund financ specif transfer resourc method financ examin court point view parafisc charg case issu definit quot fee quot defin payment servic render accept broad interpret appli walloon airport tariff system clear direct link level charg servic render user weak charg levi correspond direct payment servic servic payment defin precis quot fee quot fix direct refer paramet oper cost quot abstract quot manner commiss account practic previou decis relat airport charg occas rule idea describ fee aim decis gener distinguish tax fee terminolog independ definit adopt notif proper commiss consid practic charg fee tax establish commiss note court justic disput definit commiss consid descript legal fee total establish walloon region land park aircraft charleroi gener descript airport charg commiss note event question terminolog chang analysi assess charg establish region author region author decid alloc partli concessionari airport partli environ fund creat articl walloon decre juli provid walloon minist transport grant advantag reduct land charg promot basi prove alter basi calcul airport fee passeng tonn make legal framework walloon author undertook reduc land charg user contract privat law intend made public fee basi distinct shown regul period year creation right user walloon region undertook grant guarante compens ryanair suffer damag applic regulatori power commiss consid walloon region situat confus power act framework public power deviat rule laid make agreement eventu fulfil ryanair quot commerci quot attract ryanair charleroi made move applic framework relat fix charg wallonia belgium recognis implicitli explain walloon public author prepar amend walloon decre juli quot make accur account object criteria distinguish type user walloon airport quot principl privat investor market economi basi justifi confus power advantag grant ryanair ryanair point commiss decid walloon region grant advantag ryanair privat investor discrimin public airport fee fix control govern regulatori author privat airport free fix fee durat contract introduc discrimin public privat airport time quot treati prejudic rule member state govern system properti ownership quot articl treati ryanair assert privat airport free fix charg public airport charg fix control public control author unfound method fix airport fee tax europ vari member state member state method fix fee tax summaris dichotomi quot public airport quot quot privat airport quot ryanair state airport fulfil public function explain gener submiss type regul belong manag privat compani privat airport manag subject regul fee fix power contain framework nation regul instruct monopolist posit airport posit strength relat user control nation regul fix fee level exceed quot price cap quot assert privat airport free fix fee subject form regul case inaccur inaccur assert public airport quot free quot fix airport charg prevent public airport manag compani fix level power cover regul walloon region decid onu bsca fix fee exchang servic render user provid principl condit compli contrast public privat airport term airport charg inaccur simplif complex realiti commiss discrimin public privat airport limit examin system chosen freeli set walloon region state fix airport charg decid step framework walloon region act compani public power commiss simpli assess characterist method organis contradict articl treati commiss make point restat view walloon region complet free establish system incent relat charg charleroi airport legal basi transpar system reduct provid regul gave option side commiss acknowledg quot manchest quot decis mention airport introduc system reduct discriminatori limit time system call quot promot quot reduct instig minist transport fall definit final practic member state airport manag harmonis europ regard airport tariff walloon region futur complet liberti introduc public tariff favour airlin encourag charleroi airport commiss note walloon region legal possibl allow tariff offer ryanair offer interest compani discriminatori basi commiss conclud principl privat investor market economi applic action walloon region reduct airport charg compens guarante constitut advantag mean articl treati advantag ryanair reduc oper cost advantag grant ryanair bsca applic principl privat investor market economi airport financi structur reli state region local author decis initi procedur commiss consid difficult appli principl privat investor market economi bsca quot role region public author bsca airport busi mix consider make difficult appli principl note principl privat investor market economi quot bsca financi structur close link walloon region face risk defin activ entrepreneur firstli bsca exclus manag airport year concess collect airport tax tax paid busi set airport revenu ground handl fix freeli revenu sale fuel servic provid user bsca bear cost risk link full rang airport activ charleroi addit walloon region liberti alter bsca task make concess contract aim reduc financi oblig take pass taxpay thirdli bsca statu remain unclear compani assign public servic task identifi compens circumst commiss effect verifi fund bsca receiv gener interest task involv excess compens incom financ busi activ exclud risk cross subsidis type activ question analys bsca behaviour privat investor centr comment made interest parti ryanair privat airport manag view grant advantag airlin exchang revenu gener reflect common busi practic addit quot aéroport de pari quot adp judgment provid signific clarif airport industri defin manag airport busi activ analog adp judgment maintain bsca busi understood competit law activ econom natur control organis ground handl activ provis facil share user servic provid oper airport manag jointli infrastructur requir organis coordin activ carri type econom activ requir privat airport manag tbi morrison commiss point limit privat investor argument defin point decis initi procedur quot consist principl privat investor market economi commit made airport oper proven airport activ produc reason profit reason time posit effect economi region surround airport case includ evalu aim determin intervent conceal element aid quot sight commiss doubt determin privat investor criterion consid fulli applic context invest airport infrastructur financ public fund includ profit calcul view precursori natur case principl mention parti procedur commiss examin condit appli criterion fulfil ultim line tenor aéroport de pari judgment difficulti implement commiss undertaken assess privat investor criteria consid fulfil bsca case contract ryanair comparison quot public quot quot privat quot airport ryanair suppli commiss confidenti inform show net payment made airlin bsca exce payment make privat airport conclud agreement last year indic tend give impress bsca action consist privat airport consist privat investor action bsca act privat investor ascertain oper paramet bsca determin offer analysi carri basi comparison offer made privat airport manag main reason posit airport necessarili bsca task airport manag vari airport relat regul laid appli oper cost incom geograph locat stage develop number passeng number airlin capac interest parti comparison airport distort fact privat airport receiv public fund kind attract airlin knock airport ryanair quot privat airport offer condit charleroi receiv market subsidi irish govern subsidi reduc level airport tax ryanair lesser extent british airwai requir pai thirdli ryanair choos set airport manag privat compani imposs receiv monei surround local author stockholm skavsta airport manag tbi quot occas quot quot investig present case appar ryanair receiv market packag last year worth million swedish crown nyköp region govern arrang declar illeg basi failur compli rule relat public contract swedish court septemb commiss consid account presenc absenc public monei contract airport framework parallel contract grant grant advantag airlin compani question grant fund public author regard signific fund grant undisput compens paid public servic task reinvest busi contract airlin separ account risk compens abus compens consid potenti aid basi commiss consid quot public privat airport quot dichotomi larg artifici privat airport receiv type public financ enabl grant quot advantag quot airlin commiss refer quot exampl quot privat airport mention parti studi privat investor action bsca relat restrict appli charleroi airport relat airport situat method oper financ applic principl time determin bsca act privat investor market economi basi current result basi analys post date invest decis find compani act prudent privat investor market economi accord court case law place oneself back context period financi support measur commiss effect refrain make assess base date order understand econom ration bsca action import refer back context bsca invest decis onward bsca respons chang concess condit oper alter current cost incom structur exist decis invest reason commiss base assess busi plan studi deloitt amp touch analys bsca action prudent investor ryanair suggest commiss appli principl privat investor market economi basi present moment durat contract year durat bsca concess year analysi present moment effect invalid commiss year refer period contract last year element justifi period commiss note addit bsca compil princip financi project request valid consult ten year period commiss base analysi period subject main studi bsca advis note number work statement relat busi plan provid bsca run total period year end accord contractu period extrapol project obtain inform longer period fact claim substitut judgment investor relat period chosen establish financi project basic hypothes accept put project opportun explain past commiss understand busi invest decis presuppos consider element discret commiss data year order understand economi contract time discount cash flow intern return oper commiss check bsca fact act privat investor market economi refer element provid minut meet compani board director analys valid busi plan compil take account bsca condit oper task oblig walloon regul concess document forc time analysi bsca action commiss note board director bsca examin term contract ryanair consider detail meet june juli occas heard report person acquaint negoti legal advis walloon minist respons airport oper negoti member board director member walloon minist privat offic member board director decis conclud agreement ryanair juli assess financi consequ bsca financi element present late stage juli reli financi project discuss bsca made undertak base coher express strategi note guidelin submit director privat investor bsca compil busi plan period show profit cost link set ryanair plan import aspect shown tabl examin commiss verifi recit repres full rang cost revenu link increas bsca activ forecast revenu base expect passeng volum oper cost link quot chang scale quot caus arriv ryanair open termin compil note bsca auditor examin busi plan detail remark quot gener speak hypothes accept compil busi plan prudent term revenu car park term gener expens make comparison spent end june quot board director bsca discuss term contract ryanair evalu long term econom consequ bsca compil busi plan commit compani basi strategi clear coher commiss definit conclud bsca behav privat investor market economi made decis invest carri analysi consist hypothes contract envisag ryanair ryanair account number paramet call question potenti long term profit risk privat investor act market economi risk relat data essenti busi plan paramet relat bsca walloon region set paramet obtain commiss examin busi plan show hypothes favour case independ action collabor ryanair account bsca compil busi plan set relat princip cost fire mainten servic environ fund properli understood bsca overestim futur profit total eur million period hypothes chosen privat investor risk total scenario practic equal profit forecast bsca period year eur million bsca financi posit sign contract ryanair commiss deem import view plan contract ryanair context bsca prior activ financi posit time preced year bsca exercis prudent manag risk period activ contract make traffic airport passeng year repres total revenu eur million year activ produc posit net result weak stabl amount eur eur eur situat continu financi year close contract sign ryanair year passeng transit airport revenu eur million net profit eur financi viewpoint bsca posit healthi virtual financi debt equiti capit remain broadli posit period vari eur million total balanc financ rang period eur million year busi hypothes busi plan commiss consid hypothes adopt busi plan incorrect forecast addit profit arriv regular airlin contract conclud ryanair automat indirectli gener contain market cost contractu agre ryanair addit margin result increas traffic regular airlin busi plan present bsca cover activ gener contract ryanair commiss objection instanc year plan depart passeng total carri ryanair reason regard virtual cost busi incom plan link activ airport receiv small number passeng come regular airlin low cost airlin charter compani year total busi plan virtual stabl number charter passeng forecast shown tabl signific rise passeng regular airlin depart passeng upward trend date materialis contrari bsca annual manag report total number passeng depart passeng come airlin ryanair charter regular airlin busi plan forecast steadi rise traffic regular airlin threshold depart passeng busi plan provid precis justif refer made note strateg guidelin submit meet bsca board director juli note possibl develop airport ryanair focus low cost airlin easyjet virgin present mix airlin halfwai low cost airlin convent airlin regular airlin mention north africa countri eastern europ acced european union point note charleroi airport interest region airlin quot satur zaventem lead review posit hope sabena substanti reduc activ quot note bsca point ryanair import airport quot prioriti plan flight quot specifi quot airlin attract peak hour optimis work handl check team order bring hesit grant major reduct rate charg servic bsca constitut fix cost quot hypothes busi plan connect traffic high variabl cost margin eur depart passeng expect rise reach eur eur eur margin includ revenu handl charg eur eur year passeng airport charg eur eur revenu car park charg passeng vehicl eur margin fuel suppli aircraft eur view commiss consid plan signific increas traffic regular airlin link high margin passeng base degre certainti busi plan drawn seek justifi contract ryanair addit traffic uncertainti complet unconnect contract serv show profit analysi prudent inform investor made commiss consid inform investor risk anticip high margin ground handl servic passeng volum substanti exce annual number million year stage busi plan connect mandatori implement direct ec refer make anticip commerci activ profit take risk knowingli disregard requir consequ implement direct increas competit domain prove profit similarli privat investor sign contract year term expect volum gener compli account transpar ground handl servic market effect close oper regard cost increas volum handl passeng year total gener instanc rise labour cost handl ticket servic year simpl salari increas hypothes staff place cope time passeng view extra workload connect airlin propound argument staff peak hour inadequ justifi price servic time higher averag similarli increas cost relat item expenditur bear relat specif traffic increas instanc hypothes adduc plan miscellan good servic car park charg wage salari index account increas factor cost specif year fluctuat account upward downward includ open termin final commiss note number traffic increas base implement major invest programm includ construct termin lengthen runwai work aircraft park area acquisit land programm budget bef billion eur million sowaer financi plan accept walloon govern traffic increas materialis ensu sourc sign contract ryanair purpos public invest essenti receiv passeng failur account promot cost eur passeng low cost airlin ryanair passeng busi plan includ market contribut eur depart passeng low cost passeng alloc ryanair number low cost passeng expect rise ryanair passeng exce passeng minut bsca board director meet juli object ryanair passeng million depart passeng strateg inform note present meet mention recit state quot illusori hope airlin establish base goss quot unrealist assum passeng flight oper ryanair mean cost account ryanair passeng limit contractu flight rotat neg impact result rang eur passeng eur passeng total eur total envisag plan level rise reach passeng market contribut omit amount eur period take account impact favour busi hypothes busi plan inclus margin regular passeng failur account market cost potenti ryanair passeng commiss note level profit expect bsca eur million accumul oper result reduc eur eur million make eur million word virtual full amount expect profit accumul oper result reach low point end eur million accumul loss financ accumul loss continu inclus result posit eur million term net result discount result neg net present npv eur entir year term contract ryanair accumul oper result expect bsca eur million likewis overestim account factor tune eur eur million make total eur million accumul oper result reach eur million term contract discount flow rate npv slightli posit eur million commiss specifi rate refer rate adopt commiss period januari decemb rate negoti conclus bsca contract ryanair calcul submit commiss bsca rate rate year state loan olo year commiss accept rate allegedli risk rate loan sovereign state appli undertak commiss rate repres premium basi point olo level highli favour view risk air transport market end contract sign risk moder view amount financ take refer eur million accumul loss end sum exceed undertak equiti capit time sign contract eur million final rate year includ calcul discount year situat conduc analysi project profit bsca higher rate longer term gener commiss recal notic method set refer discount rate refer rate defin year interbank swap rate risk premium basi point floor rate commiss envisag long term rate year higher risk premium basi point commiss consid basi overestim busi revenu underestim busi cost link directli contract ryanair privat cautiou inform investor sign contract conclus discount npv calcul recit contract appear neg year slightli posit year view risk financ interim loss undertak initi posit characteris prudent manag mild profit take regard question rais applic privat investor principl commiss note case scrutini specif criteria justifi bsca intervent contract ryanair compani show criterion privat investor met case busi hypothes adduc improv bsca result framework contract ryanair hypothes relat bsca walloon region cost fire mainten servic bsca account fact basi concess agreement walloon region forc time respons financ cost fire mainten servic concess agreement amend provid bsca primari respons bear cost cost cover budget walloon region basi quot transit quot provis concess subsequ basi amend concess agre quot examin provis framework budget light financi equilibrium concess trend expect budget year bsca profit loss account quot belgian author suppli walloon region budget decis decemb decemb show region bore cost made commit date letter juli bsca walloon minist transport transmit belgian author budget fire mainten servic provid convinc indic attitud walloon govern belgium provid respons part walloon govern show possibl agre cover cost bsca provis concess review spring bsca quot legal vacuum quot regard head quot fire mainten servic quot time made commit ryanair financi consequ quot legal vacuum quot bsca quantifi basi busi plan eur million eur amount high bsca perpetu previou payment anticip rise futur level compens walloon region purpos amount eur million period june bsca statutori auditor drew attent member board legal vacuum quot statutori auditor observ renew fire servic agreement expir quot stress analysi bsca account quot result account payment oper fire mainten servic earmark walloon region budget amount gradual rise time subsidi fire mainten invest period revenu subject complianc provis concess agreement specif laps decemb quot inform investor risk make commit vi vi ryanair clarifi situat fire mainten servic amount involv high disregard sum eur relat bsca oper result accumul period grasp scope risk eur period fire mainten cost amount bsca expect result basi busi plan regard commiss disput legitim possibl walloon author continu bear cost fire mainten servic note anticip beneficiari undertak bsca assur walloon region continu cover cost concess agreement amend left cost principl born bsca maintain posit fundament attitud inform investor commiss give consider fact part cost fix cost born case doubt remain born bsca walloon region examin point commiss fact conclud cost fix increas account activ fire mainten subsidi eur million eur million eur million take origin sum eur million year fix cost bsca walloon region amount excess differ amount data busi plan regard addit cost connect develop activ sign contract ryanair eur million year deduct year period eur million eur million mention recit leav extra cost connect ryanair contract bsca certainti amount eur million calcul made repres eur million risk bsca specif relationship bsca walloon region enabl bsca anticip point inform investor risk formal guarante environ fund question fire mainten servic inform investor bsca posit underestim paramet laid law amount transfer environ fund airport tax bsca busi plan payment airport tax fund ceil busi plan amount longer correspond tax belgium explain ceil bsca contribut fund fix bef million eur million check sowaer financi plan transmit bsca august index year ceil fact note append bsca compani auditor conclus recal hypothesi adopt environ fund quot ceil bef million index agreement sign date quot approv sowaer financi plan walloon govern quot agre financi plan quot regard actual chang legisl compani concern sowaer made respons collect payment case commiss calcul effect ceil relat amount provid decre walloon govern tantamount save bef million eur year period effect ceil eur million privat investor oper market economi envisag busi plan cover ten year part tax due law environ fund appropri sum eur million period equival accumul oper result period eur obtain guarante ceil formalis legal document count amend made concess contract sign contract ryanair bsca entitl pai quot ceil quot airport tax société wallonn de aéroport amount ceil eur index rise eur index paid bsca sowaer fee make infrastructur note effect ceil account busi plan fact allevi burden bsca tune eur million year year burden increas proportion improv result report bsca respect contrari belgian author alleg letter decemb impact ceil busi plan confirm fact gener signific advantag bsca figur provid belgian author august fact show ceil record busi plan produc advantag bsca eur relat busi plan base valid data regard walloon govern decid june sum bsca pai fund eur million paid sowaer deduct eur cost manag fund junctur analysi commiss conclud privat investor commit enter contract ryanair period year risk pai partli cost fire mainten servic sum pai environ fund investor fact accept run risk incur expenditur amount eur million accumul oper result undertak year period eur million obtain guarante respect conclus valid busi plan correct hypothes adopt busi plan consequ note concern pro forma profit loss account privat investor knowledg advantag grant walloon region formalis agreement prudent investor homogen hypothes cost revenu deriv sole contract analys time sign contract ryanair fact bsca situat basic period present result eur million encumb uncertainti amount eur million eur million relat pure busi cost hypothes busi plan eur million addit margin result volum unit margin hypothes assum regard futur traffic increas regular airlin eur million limit market contribut contractu level eur million relat hypothes result relationship bsca walloon author eur million continu refund cost fire mainten servic walloon region respect part exceed eur million annual fix cost tradition regard oper airport exclud evalu contract ryanair eur million cap airport charg payabl environ fund period cover contract ryanair present result eur million encumb uncertainti amount eur million eur million relat pure busi cost hypothes busi plan eur million addit margin result volum unit margin hypothes assum traffic increas expect regular airlin eur million limit market contribut contractu level eur million hypothes result relationship bsca walloon author eur million continu refund cost fire mainten servic walloon region respect part exceed eur million annual fix cost tradition regard oper airport exclud evalu contract ryanair eur million cap airport charg payabl environ fund commiss draw attent fact hypothet case accumul oper result bsca remain neg calcul actual flow result gener order determin actual profit hypothesi obviat exaggeratedli optimist busi hypothes refer point recit produc appar profit year weak calcul previous commiss establish weak prospect profit repres behaviour privat investor adopt commiss maintain inform investor account busi plan unknown quantiti risk relat walloon author refer point recit commiss consid case bsca contract ryanair extent natur risk deriv analysi busi plan regard expect profit reflect reason privat investor oper market economi fact sought formal guarante walloon region continu increas fire mainten compens cover period year sought similar guarante cap contribut environ fund period made care comparison expect revenu cost contract exclud proce busi activ expect profit contract ryanair regard statement made belgian author decemb result expect bsca announc press confer novemb tantamount eur profit data remain substanti certifi compani auditor plan loss eur mention busi plan commiss note data obtain posteriori serv clarifi bsca decis time fact place juli commiss note item account walloon region discret improv result compar expect busi plan instanc addit cap environ fund sowaer gener addit save eur cost includ busi plan eur cost born bsca concess contract sign april eur busi plan similarli fire mainten subsidi eventu grant walloon govern decre februari amount eur compar eur includ busi plan submit commiss profit eur enter account chang hypothesi thing equal eur profit announc bsca reduc addit save hand lower bill sowaer hand higher compens walloon region action tantamount total bonu eur bsca deduct impact result announc quantifi bsca econom perform compar hypothes busi plan obtain loss eur slightli eur busi plan amount decis improv situat alleg belgian author regard confirm request obtain deloitt amp touch conform analysi busi plan commiss complet valid statement made belgian author expert commiss note deloitt amp touch document simpl letter half page date dai sowaer request analysi novemb consid full analysi plan letter point number signific differ busi plan handl charg airlin ryanair lower plan personnel cost state affect expect result favour busi plan commiss note belgian author recognis differ busi plan level ground handl charg instanc reduct eur eur passeng unit charg passeng regular airlin lead drop revenu eur million fact repres commiss critic margin gener airlin ryanair plan expert impact hypothes relat bsca sowaer walloon region refer spite fact substanti commiss recal bsca auditor state view point time approv contract final commiss note consult express view initi report februari addit juli novemb transmit commiss underli busi hypothes busi plan relev take account passeng regular airlin continu increas plan unit revenu discuss deloitt amp touch confirm contest point import initi report consult detail confin cover period revenu expect regular airlin highli profit remain limit document juli consist profit loss account complet period cover period revenu regular airlin essenti success busi plan exclud comment point busi plan capit increas commiss consid prudent investor found bsca posit decis commit vi vi ryanair prior assur compani recapitalis note record favour hypothesi adopt bsca busi plan establish ryanair charleroi entail loss bsca year aggreg amount interim loss eur million end close airlin equiti capit eur million end loss contain eur million capit increas preserv compani financi equilibrium bsca invest decis juli board director certainti recapitalis société wallonn de aéroport date board hope sowaer send letter bsca confirm sowaer approv financi plan provis made capit increas fact director concern director quot express concern board approv plan know sharehold follow quot quot director note board ask approv contract certainti obtain capit increas sowaer quot letter bsca august connect analysi privat investor behaviour bsca respons question rais interest parti commiss note bsca recapitalis société wallonn de aéroport eventu place decemb belgium explain bsca recapitalis decis société wallonn de aéroport accord principl privat investor oper market economi basi bsca busi plan april deloitt amp touch consult deem reason decis commiss note sowaer financi plan approv walloon govern make provis recapitalis compani manag lièg airport sab charleroi airport bsca wai decis implement case provis made initi contribut sowaer bef million eur million subsequ particip capit increas spread year amount time bef million time eur million give airport capit inject bef million eur million total capit increas reach bef million massiv particip investor examin sowaer account show rule laid financi plan approv walloon govern appli sab bsca fact bsca sab sowaer account acquisit share sum eur capit increas eur cash paid consist spirit financi plan bsca account sowaer acquisit share sum eur bsca account period confirm transact record total capit increas decemb eur million cash contribut approxim eur million sowaer balanc eur minor sharehold bsca account show full amount subscrib capit paid sowaer anticip capit contribut bsca commiss conclud sowaer financi plan approv walloon govern subsequ adapt actual bsca result tradit activ shown sound characteris posit equiti capit capit invest interim financ requir caus contract sign meantim ryanair conclus analysi conduct commiss show bsca financi structur base walloon region implicit guarante assur region procur public sector compani bear expens abandon incom capitalis commerci hazard inher busi plan bsca commit ryanair theori act busi airport industri bsca situat compani calcul risk invest decis make decis effect profit reason expect commiss conclud view forego advantag grant bsca ryanair advantag mean articl treati reduc airlin run cost specif charact articl treati requir measur order defin state aid favour quot undertak product good quot case issu commiss note advantag question grant bsca grant walloon region grant ryanair ryanair belgium point compani oper condit similar appli ryanair discrimin ryanair airlin belgium assert numer occas measur relat ryanair publicis commit provid similar advantag compani gener volum passeng similar gener ryanair commiss state bsca walloon region set system base object criteria discrimin ban airlin set wish set charleroi basi volum passeng airlin provid point quot public quot measur walloon region bsca offici natur case creat right user reduct land charg guarante compens walloon region quot automat quot user industri familiar agreement press report event walloon region publish number communiqué precis term contract ryanair bsca cover public confidenti claus contract interest parti time arach associ testifi commiss note argument link public discrimin case call question object fact measur grant offer compani transpar fact offer ryanair specif light articl treati state resourc commiss refer analysi present point decis initi procedur regard transfer state resourc favour ryanair analysi regard imput measur bsca walloon region question interest parti belgium hand belgian author disput concept quot state resourc quot relat airport charg receiv bsca accord abovement preussenelektra case law commiss disput analysi consid conclus court judgment applic present case fact explain fix airport land park fee public prerog belgium deleg region feder state walloon region jurisdict fix fee decre provid alloc fee fund pertain airport decid belgian author impos ceil fund sowaer financi plan approv walloon region sign agreement ryanair consequ agreement reduct bsca resourc environ fund final decid fund effect cap april appli differenti regim aim limit bsca cost increas slightli final decid replac fund sowaer transfer resourc fund payabl bsca sowaer show deal fund automat receiv resourc independ public author led court conclud preussenelektra rule state resourc present contrari commiss consid case issu walloon region perman option occas defin alloc revenu airport fee discretionari particip bsca environ fund ryanair exert direct influenc method oper consid airport fee fact state resourc commiss conclud advantag ryanair grant directli walloon region form compens commit involv mobilis region resourc reduct land charg involv loss profit state indirectli mobilis bsca resourc fact bsca undertak mean competit law activ econom natur public undertak walloon region exercis control domin influenc measur imput mean stardust marin case law mention point decis initi procedur remain valid full regard formal examin impact intra commun trade competit interest parti belgium oppos commiss assess point decis initi procedur regard impact trade member state assess commiss maintain hand belgium ryanair oppos commiss assess regard impact competit effect maintain measur competit impact relev market low cost sector geograph market rout concern commiss point analysi impact competit state aid sector appli commiss examin allianc concentr airlin extend definit relev geograph market govern competit law aid sector involv ignor specif natur separ area commun econom law aid sector advantag grant bear state oper cost born airlin distort competit rout market segment advantag gain airlin strengthen econom posit network relat compet compani tradit low cost charter region compani ryanair flight oper rout countri ryanair competit great airlin number limit compani made comment context present procedur commiss point suppli air transport servic sector competit europ live entri forc quot packag quot stage air transport liberalis januari conclus criteria state aid met case commiss conclud advantag grant ryanair walloon region bsca state aid mean articl treati examin measur compat articl treati articl eea agreement legal basi assess commiss explain decis initi procedur doubt aid declar compat basi exempt provid treati exempt applic case provis articl treati appli aid question social natur intend make good damag caus natur disast except event constitut aid grant economi area eastern germani articl treati draw list type aid declar compat common market point paragraph exempt favour aid intend promot facilit develop area guidelin state aid region criteria requir fulfil order aid grant declar compat aim guidelin reconcil aim region develop respect competit fix limit grant region aid busi limit design provid real region develop long term poorest region ensur aid busi exce amount strictli proportion ensur develop guidelin prevent region state suck quot aid spiral quot cover region develop quot race subsidi quot grant busi order attract territori cost expens compet busi unlimit competit region grant subsidi busi promot long term develop european region contradict structur polici commun commiss deni aid grant ryanair region socio econom impact wallonia aid grant public author aim encourag busi econom activ aid line rule commiss appli year aid grant ryanair oper aid mean guidelin aid initi invest fix capit type oper aid principl prohibit poorest region europ except circumst strict condit hainaut elig transit aid object involv possibl appli commun fund structur fund state aid framework town charleroi goss place bsca establish depend elig region aid articl treati initi invest aid exclud oper aid provid articl treati aid grant ryanair individu ad hoc aid scheme commiss pursu polici strict limit relat aid principl basi court hytasa judgment ad hoc aid compat region aid case commiss exclud presenc pure region purpos connect invest aid develop airborn activ conclud mention aid declar compat common market effect develop region subparagraph articl treati applic aid intend promot major project common european interest remedi disturb economi member state promot cultur conserv nation heritag exempt provid articl treati aid intend facilit develop econom activ appli case issu refer made rule laid commiss assess state aid horizont aim conjunct guidelin aviat sector commiss note aim aid research develop environment protect rescu restructur compani small medium busi capit invest ryanair argu aid intend pilot train examin basi regul ec aid similar quot gener quot train belgium plead basi compat commiss note singl flat rate contribut eur particip recruit train pilot crew assign destin serv airport grant accord condit laid regul ec cost born limit accept cost provid articl regul includ recruit pilot singl fix contribut involv cost back support document transpar broken categori intens aid relat admiss cost defin aid compat basi regul ec compat basi commiss regul ec decemb applic articl ec treati state aid employ ryanair quot commiss regul ec januari applic articl ec treati de minimi aid eur relat offic equip commiss point regul appli aid grant busi transport sector ryanair air transport busi elig receiv exempt exempt articl treati appli basi exist horizont aim framework basi aviat sector guidelin establish ten year ago commiss consid view econom trend air transport airport sector trigger complet open air transport servic european level exempt articl treati consid view role plai aid develop region airport evalu compat aid light articl treati reduct airport charg compens guarante grant walloon region event alter level airport open time number interest parti concern presenc discriminatori discount appli airport charg small airport airport tax total necessarili reflect full cost airport infrastructur charg includ discount establish object criteria prefer consult user compani take care ensur transpar user equal rule benefit small airport room manoeuvr adapt charg open hour airlin commiss note current commun rule govern airport fee tariff polici member state free decid airport fee level defin public tariff adapt suit individu circumst walloon region futur set discriminatori practic directli indirectli select aircraft deviat establish rule fix commiss point oppos grant reduct airlin encourag launch rout increas flight frequenc order stimul passeng number condit quot manchest quot decis decid limit durat discount made grant exercis discrimin airport user scope articl treati lead distort competit explain occas reduct system reduct grant preferenti treatment specif busi fall scope articl treati constitut aid point commiss believ basi rule drawn manchest case walloon region opportun grant discount ryanair provid grant discrimin limit time basi belgium make possibl provid walloon region decre regul charg chose grant assist compani discriminatori transpar manner period year constitut limit period envisag manchest decis payment aid favour ryanair conflict nation legal basi proport airport develop aim sought legal resourc exist circumst commiss consid reduct grant ryanair airport charg futur compens guarante walloon region consid aid compat common market reduct ground handl tariff grant bsca ground handl activ constitut commerci activ airport open competit term direct ec commiss stress decis initi procedur reduct ground handl charg grant airport manag airlin creat shock shock effect servic provid compani oper loss long term loss potenti cover public fund paid manag capac airport author provid servic gener econom interest bsca servic receiv relat compens fire mainten cost fall categori airport airlin servic loss prove loss justifi offset anticip revenu commerci activ loss circumst offset revenu collect airport airport author manag servic gener econom interest suggest task requir perform airport airport author gener econom interest servic manag commerci servic provid properli defin financi flow relat regard charleroi airport specif tariff grant ryanair ground handl servic support clear analysi cost gener bsca contrari partial element produc busi plan analysi ground handl activ cover cost comparison labour cost handl ticket servic revenu ground handl servic busi plan approxim margin servic rough comparison incorpor servic cost personnel consum specif servic mainten equip hand account personnel engag regist receiv passeng conclud comparison margin neg eur eur depend year passeng labour cost fall eur eur amount eur subsequ eur bill ryanair activ produc profit approxim addit passeng year regular airlin handl ticket servic bill eur passeng averag busi plan low cost passeng gener total revenu servic eur million regular passeng eur million addit contribut expect regular airlin incorpor busi plan start eur rise attain eur close eur million margin calcul ground handl servic remain neg regular airlin accept pai charleroi price compar pai major airport know pai time airlin oper charleroi belgium relev compani airlin oper flight africa involv larg volum luggag handl heavi burden term ground handl similarli inform commiss dispos suggest ground handl refuel boe basi daili flight rotat seat element consist ryanair oper charleroi amount eur eur aircraft region airport figur lower larger airport entail cost passeng eur eur fact consist bsca practic airlin clear presumpt blatant dump bsca regard ground handl servic isol addit ground handl activ wide open competit main airport charleroi follow trend swiftli success continu commun regul provid liberalis measur airport handl million passeng year hypothesi busi plan regard commiss point direct ec aim guarante fair effect competit rule laid smooth oper airport infrastructur observ principl object transpar discrimin respons refer preliminari rule court consid judgment octob regard payment collect return access airport facil direct ec quot prevent fee determin manag bodi airport cover cost provis mainten airport instal make profit quot belgian author confirm decemb million passeng threshold reach end light articl direct ec involv strict separ account aim guarante compens competit activ activ airport threshold reach independ oper offer servic clear current tariff region eur passeng period year make effect open competit unrealis meantim million passeng threshold reach airport compens sourc profit loss pure commerci activ case loss quot handl quot activ surplu passeng car park set type commerci activ imposs million passeng threshold provid direct ec reach prohibit commerci activ activ gener econom interest commiss anxiou point action bring actual liberalis ground handl servic ongo task carri bsca airport author manag servic gener econom interest commerci servic provid distinguish charleroi cash flow relat task circumst imposs exclud possibl cross subsidis financ ground handl servic financ commerci activ presenc aid regard contrari public fund purpos recent liberalis assist sector effect implement reduct grant ground handl servic deem constitut state aid favour airlin commiss believ aid declar compat common market respect encourag develop airport structur liberalis context alloc intend promot air servic leav region airport aid measur develop oper region airport infrastructur repres cost local commun interest european commun level form part object common transport polici oper aid measur intend launch airlin strengthen frequenc tool develop small region airport measur persuad interest compani risk invest rout order declar aid compat basi articl treati determin aid proport object sought affect trade extent contrari common interest gener speak oper aid rare declar compat common market distort condit competit area grant capabl natur reach aim laid exempt provis treati fact involv technic structur alter busi favour commerci develop busi offer artifici favour condit client increas profit margin justif number except principl commiss past declar type aid compat provid condit net commiss approv oper aid maritim sector launch short distanc rout french port french commun port french scheme aim overcom financi difficulti inher launch rout grant degress aid maximum year limit elig oper expenditur cap absolut initi formal examin procedur commiss declar compat basi articl treati develop short distanc maritim transport form part object commun transport polici commun develop short distanc maritim transport commiss emphasis role type transport encourag sustain safe form mobil strengthen cohes european union improv effici transport inter modal approach recognis short distanc maritim transport promot level commun nation region crucial case verifi criteria allow compat aid reduct airport tax ground handl tariff met aim measur presenc commun interest condit grant aid fulfil aim form part coher airport develop polici characteris demonstr willing develop profit infrastructur profit promot region develop tourism local economi region imag consequ coher polici intend foremost develop airport activ long term basi state aid larg airport medium size airport justifi exception consider difficulti aid hand prove small airport public aid small airport reach break point surviv order continu provid servic public financ commiss recognis notabl propos relat airport fee state smooth oper small airport plai role fundament import econom social cohes union requir signific regular mainten state local author financi support largest airport case current definit constitut larg airport medium size airport small airport categori propos european airport committe region outlook opinion juli region airport capac categori repres major airport node million passeng airport air traffic europ categori repres nation airport million passeng airport air traffic europ categori airport million passeng air traffic europ categori airport million passeng air traffic europ categori airport million passeng air traffic europ committe region region airport gener fall categori categori airport consid region airport region airport provid solut problem transport polici satur major airport capac commiss white paper european transport polici time decid state face increas air traffic airport oper examin order optimis exist capac develop region airport interest commiss explain current air transport structur lead airlin concentr activ larg airport hub intra commun intern activ congest concentr major airport hub consequ term pollut air traffic manag congest ski subject specif plan action congest ground requir level attent commit half fifti european airport reach close reach satur point term ground capac opinion committe region mention request commiss develop polici airport capac europ explain quot region airport characteris capac surplu term termin surfac area runwai airport platform nation airport suffer lack capac expans long major airlin hold continent platform strategi hub spoke obviou paradox find solut indic airlin examin addit role plate point point traffic region airport potenti develop point point traffic notic recent low cost airlin sector benefit rout question good idea region airlin work attain balanc point point continent platform involv determin traffic flow region airport pass airport hub quot public aid form infrastructur construct aid oper aid small airport surviv sustain airport develop requir develop air traffic increas passeng volum mention comment interest parti small airport gener passeng volum reach critic size break point reach critic size act genuin commerci compani limit recours public fund absolut figur regard break point committe region evalu million passeng year mention univers cranfield studi put forward figur million passeng year show variat countri airport organis reach critic size profit threshold practic imposs small airport tradit low cost charter compani decid set bsca experi show tradit compani prefer test locat hub rapid connect consum compani time slot afford lose tradit compani gener resort airport low cost compani readi incent direct run risk open rout unknown untest airport extent european region airport suffer result year airport air traffic polici concentr traffic major nation citi easi develop face attract offer central airport addit quot catchment area quot geograph situat benefit year invest infrastructur set nation compani airport proper advantag volum passeng provid airlin fulfil public servic oblig aid regim social natur set nation author airport region airport import econom role signific social impact europ emphasis studi conduct aci europ titl quot employ prosper europ quot commun encourag develop airport region airport grant financ develop airport infrastructur european region polici reli loan grant european invest bank order infrastructur concern effect public budgetari resourc grant respect paid back payment aid airlin region public airport condit mean attract passeng volum enabl reach break point ceas depend public purs surviv case aid constitut part develop airport activ charleroi coher project regard commiss note walloon author late pursu coher polici airport includ specialis airport respons develop airport infrastructur search user bring passeng volum sustain develop year ago charleroi airport categori quot quot european region airport defin committe region million passeng categori experienc highest passeng growth rate europ bsca adopt quot nich quot strategi offer servic offer brussel nation airport specialis defin network offer quot basic quot servic aid condit trade chang type aid distinct level level correspond impact trade air transport servic market aid paid airlin creat distort ski europ compani oper airport reduc run cost level correspond distort trade airport servic market level aid lead indirectli distort central region airport subsidi encourag compani reloc airport transfer rout main airport secondari airport reloc cost transfer heavi pose financi hazard airlin compani sensit type airport servic offer correspond defin commerci strategi main airport secondari airport offer type airport servic airlin offer full servic servic offer gener basic open rout oper region airport attract passeng initi travel main airport divers traffic follow result divers incom relat airport activ type distort put perspect secondari airport present inconveni passeng comparison main airport distanc main citi problem connect main citi secondari airport absenc airlin connect automat quot drain quot secondari airport addit appear airlin set secondari airport passeng traffic necessarili divert main airport secondari airport contrari appear factor stimul market airport regard appear ryanair charleroi brussel dublin rout inform total regular traffic brussel nation charleroi dublin doubl volum quickli continu grow past year figur suppli ryanair tradit compani oper main airport aer lingu sabena lost passeng arriv ryanair reduc price competit pressur irish compani stimul market creat addit demand transport servic distort airport servic market region airport type distort critic number small airport develop signific europ number airlin run risk open rout small airlin concern favour posit comparison region airport easili place competit situat ryanair advantag competit airport kilometr case franc plai possibl rivalri airport pau tarb kilometr airport locat separ member state region airport manag compani public infrastructur fulfil function relat transport polici region plan local develop uncommon public author agre grant aid airport manag compani public fund made compani reason sustain airport develop develop region activ improv tourist facil imag region subsidi set framework reach unreason proport fail achiev desir object develop region airport long term basi condit aid grant airlin appli open rout frequenc gener increas net volum passeng depart region airport part risk born compani principl aid paid rout oper risk run compani aid justifi compani oper rout airport benefit public aid aid paid airlin rout oper substitut abandon rout previous benefit start aid fact regard airport net posit effect relat number passeng arriv site thing equal hand simpl substitut rout rout oper charleroi expect gener equival number passeng airport period cover aid call question continu payment aid complet period futur aid grant rout provid ryanair replac rout previous serv airport locat econom attract zone popul centr commiss fact consid essenti start aid creat higher bid subsidi reloc rout grant maximum aid practic fact run contrari object start aid develop airport concern keep common interest addit aid intend assist entrant open connect open enter competit exist oper work rout leav airport arriv reli strength public aid compet exist oper case aid grant ryanair paid return risk compani base aircraft oper rotat dai period year repres minimum undertak oper rout frequenc charleroi rout open signatur agreement bsca london milan liverpool rome carcassonn barcelona gerona venic pisa shannon glasgow carrier oper mention rout charleroi walloon aid develop direct competit exist oper leav goss commiss note ryanair meantim close rout oper charleroi belgian author account possibl occur calcul ceil aid alloc hand necess demonstr regard charleroi dublin rout rout exist year agreement sign econom viabil demonstr grant oper aid rout incent natur aid aid incent effect busi develop activ embark public support activ prove profit long term aid reason aid intend launch connect increas frequenc limit time aid rout launch maintain rout artifici rout econom viabl stipul aid degress time order reinforc incent natur aid degress aid carrier help rout start encourag reli fulli strength phase reduct depend size airport greater intens aid reserv initi develop smaller categori airport reduc power attract increas market aid paid year contractu period rate eur passeng phase reduct contractu period constitut incent launch rout simpl undertak bear oper cost continu basi durat shorten effect cost start period light practic establish commiss framework start aid maritim servic similar public servic oblig scheme commiss consid maximum period year open rout reason point point connect europ fact rout airport concern make start aid justifi regard advis maintain competit environ air transport industri commiss note period year accept maritim freight servic industri maximum period year appli air transport industri low cost compani sector dynam europ wit exponenti growth turnov report univers cranfield consid low cost compani transport passeng europ share reach market commiss note view circumst case comment interest parti includ hrl morrison period year need initi profit reach limit laid preserv charact start aid rout case point respect longer period period unlimit time allow airlin reach profit quickli regard actor concern ryanair turnov increas eur million eur million period activ increas million passeng compani profit similar trend increas million euro prove low cost airlin reach profit quickli ryanair manag report quarter year publish januari show rout oper compani profit month commiss note ryanair manag produc net profit taxat quarter question year basi year end march clear rout open ryanair profit immedi enjoi declar seat occup coeffici slight fall occur compani confirm manag report month publish novemb point rout open spring sweden netherland franc seat occup coeffici lower anticip figur plan substitut place serv notic improv winter onward commiss awar case adopt time decis relat aid grant airlin start rout believ incent proport natur aid assess separ paramet mention work common interest gener struggl air congest develop offer relev dens popul area gener econom situat region question level develop develop competit aid facilit case commiss take account fact town charleroi locat provinc hainaut capita incom significantli lower commun averag locat larg econom wealth popul area close brussel lill connect road network allow movement travel commiss note initi contract allow subsidi year period consid conveni decis order adapt manag rout question progress account specif situat airport relat geograph locat low incid departur period year mention permiss payment start aid regard quot shot quot contribut proport natur flat rate singular natur open absenc connect real cost born ryanair subject belgian author provid demonstr consider encourag profit develop rout aid case quot shot quot contribut contribut market cost assess global relat start cost rout order prevent cumul aid total exceed authoris threshold proportion aid doubl link proportion establish aid context firstli strict link aim airport develop pass net develop passeng traffic level aid paid airlin total aid calcul passeng airlin deliv volum passeng develop airport unduli favour convers compani fulfil object make develop airport reap benefit bsca case quot market quot aid calcul embark passeng link proportion aid increas passeng traffic develop airport activ hand aid quot shot quot incent calcul embark passeng show relat proportion total amount rout open region eur million compar number embark passeng anticip rout year sum total eur passeng year eur passeng year definit proport charact remain demonstr regard criterion proportion assess aid cost incur beneficiari regard total eur passeng relat market aid cost born appear high case assess proportion control analys belgium relat addit market cost effect incur promot airlin elig aid period year market cost determin posteriori promoci total eur paid level bsca ryanair natur guarante proportion inclus reduc rate ticket cost repay promoci ryanair differ relat normal tariff constitut expenditur principl unlimit cover start cost period year rapidli develop environ mention commiss ey signific durat intens coupl start cost commiss consid context make difficulti compil busi plan develop rout period excess time aid envisag readili make rout repres commiss opinion suitabl compromis requir requir respect competit environ addit year contractu period addit rout benefit start aid regard quot shot quot incent essenc cost ryanair set charleroi ground staff train invest made site theori elig gener cost impact larg scope bsca pilot train present proportion incent natur present fix natur aid support defin cost commiss make posit decis relat case commiss exclud possibl cumul aid start cost rout relat market initi invest quot shot quot compat common expens account end rout situat effect authoris start aid cumul rate higher regard intens aid commiss limit case point appli oper cost net incom airlin concern cost elig start aid maximum period year addit start cost air oper bear quot cruis speed quot reach requir public contribut order share risk viabil link start period concern market advertis cost incur outset make link start cost born ryanair charleroi site except discount grant airport charg incur launch rout relat public tariff convers aid grant relat standard oper cost hire depreci aircraft fuel crew salari cater servic cost commiss consid prefer assess function aid ensur aid phase reduct order guarante progress viabil activ aid present case directli link profit airlin carrier ryanair lack fame attract airport support end rout charleroi phase reduct base aid busi plan rout reduc incent advertis open airlin greatest year open reduc appreci subsequ year belgium provid phase reduct central select rate case cumul aid exceed total calcul elig cost year commiss note signatur contract ryanair charleroi airport form part airport categori defin committe region smallest volum activ million passeng year gener regard commiss consid charleroi airport grant aid maximum intens common interest develop region airport fact impli case struggl disadvantag lack knowledg impact competit aris aid commiss excess relat common interest commiss hand airport process larger volum grant level start aid fact open rout airport serv appear present oper viabil relat risk present case charleroi airport capabl ensur develop pai start aid lower rate transpar equal oper treatment discrimin grant aid amount aid grant airlin develop air servic transpar calcul embark passeng order easili identifi identifi fact airport readi grant aid econom servic return launch rout publicis order make interest airlin present win case rule principl relat procur contract concess respect applic airport offici journal european union seri mean obtain public object criteria develop airport wish encourag develop air servic term maximum total period aid order ensur qualiti treatment airlin appeal procedur provid member state level order ensur discrimin exercis grant aid airlin favour unfairli airport belgium set transpar system interest transport provid open rout depart charleroi provid system equal oper treatment grant aid develop object criteria aid make maximum amount durat aid appeal mechan make make discrimin appli transport oper penalti repay mechan sanction mechan implement carrier fail respect undertak made relat airport aid paid system recov aid seiz guarante initi deposit transport provid airport ensur airlin honour commit contract conclud ryanair bsca mechan recov aid transport provid fail honour commit commiss note respect contract sign ryanair bsca number provis point ii quot fulfil fault ryanair quot airport protect part departur compani hub fact essenc ryanair reduc activ charleroi comparison previou activ year reduc number aircraft base charleroi repai aid grant penalti remain sum receiv sixth year reduc progress year disappear complet ten full year elaps commiss consid claus negoti contractu parti adapt object pursu order ensur sustain develop airport level passeng profit reach believ claus essenti condit declar part aid proport compat common market overlap aid aid grant principl combin subsidi receiv air carrier aid social natur public servic compens recent defin aid accord rule proportion laid combin aid cost includ aid paid state sum total aid rout benefit exce start market quot shot quot cost combin destin question contribut paid destin exce cost destin order preserv incent charact start aid air link time develop tool region airport commiss believ ensur aid give indirect advantag larg airport larg open intern traffic competit specif attent paid limit elig cost airlin link charleroi case major airport categori defin committe region coordin fulli coordin airport addit aid grant access rout reserv carrier articl regul eec paragraph articl rout oper charleroi ryanair benefit subsidi relat social aid public servic compens access rout oper ryanair charleroi reserv carrier descript measur requir undertaken member state concern order make aid compat commiss note aid paid bsca ryanair fulfil condit applic aid intend promot air servic oper region airport fulfil condit impos case compat reduct airport charg measur bring compat common market airport charg reduct grant walloon region ryanair belgium calcul total aid recov take account exist singl gener reduct system provid walloon regul articl decre ryanair period applic specif tariff establish contract ryanair futur walloon region wish adapt rate order make attract publish public tariff intend airlin accord practic accept commiss set limit period reduct made grant discrimin airport user guarante grant walloon region regard airport charg level charleroi airport open time measur bring compat common market compens guarante financi loss caus ryanair walloon region regulatori power belgium ensur guarante void reduct ground handl tariff grant bsca absenc proof fund bsca grant reduct pure commerci origin total grant ryanair respect constitut state aid aid context forthcom liberalis charleroi airport distort competit alter condit trade extent contrari common interest measur bring compat common market reduct ground handl servic charg grant bsca ryanair belgium calcul total aid recov calcul differ oper cost born bsca link ground handl servic provid ryanair price invoic airlin million passeng threshold provid direct ec reach belgium deduct total profit made bsca strictli commerci activ alloc intend promot air servic oper region airport alloc grant bsca includ form market contribut quot shot quot incent provis offic space agreement sign parti cover decis deem compat common market start aid rout subject condit contribut limit term durat view intra european destin cover durat exce year open rout contribut paid rout question open place rout close ryanair preced year futur aid longer grant rout provid ryanair replac rout previous serv airport locat econom attract zone popul area quot market quot contribut establish eur passeng justifi develop plan compil ryanair valid priori bsca rout concern plan incur cost elig relat directli promot rout aim make viabl aid initi period year bsca valid posteriori start cost effect incur airlin end year period independ auditor assist bsca task regard portion contribut paid bsca similar exercis conduct valid aid principl quot shot quot contribut open rout correspond logic recov portion belgium justifi directli link cost incur ryanair charleroi airport platform proport incent natur sum total aid rout benefit exce cumul start market quot shot quot cost destin question includ charleroi contribut paid destin exce effect cost destin specif attent paid evalu rout link charleroi major airport categori committe region coordin fulli coordin airport contribut paid bsca exceed criteria end year start period repaid ryanair contribut paid dublin charleroi rout novemb contract recov belgium set discriminatori aid regim aim ensur equal treatment airlin wish develop airlin servic charleroi airport object criteria establish present decis condit fulfil portion aid correspond categori aid aid rout term balanc agreement conclud ryanair bsca substanti alter belgium recov aid mention previou paragraph summari commiss polici guidelin relat financ airport air link formul conclus commiss wish recal gener context limit give preliminari indic public econom actor polit consequ propos order clarifi theme financ airport airlin start cost gener context file open ski europ subject commiss work year air packag forc led freedom oper introduct commun licenc unrestrict access intra commun market april freedom tariff corollari public servic oblig allow member state implement tool develop territori framework action aim liberalis mention relat thing alloc slot congest airport liberalis ground handl servic equal access computeris reserv servic open sector natur major impact activ action tradit airlin flag carrier accompani strict disciplin relat state aid applic principl singl aid restructur quot time time quot allow reactiv move protect oper normal econom actor behaviour pattern recent develop made open sky judgment court justic promot consolid european player abil face competit countri airlin commun basi major develop european air transport market recent year emerg commun size compani promot rate support low cost structur ryanair main success actor growth segment commiss contribut made actor gener reduct price air transport sector europ democratis access mode transport guardian treati ensur rule intern market compli rule ensur fair competit correctli appli state aid prove incompat disciplin air rout offer bargain basi long term servic similarli airport subject pure territori consider establish initi europ militari airfield case transfer state control region public compani privat sector commiss awar case nihilo creation privat airport involv public fund process transfer privat sector form privatis progress open capit financi burden airport privat public cover compens public servic relat safeti secur task contribut cost activ econom viabl remain oper platform concern air traffic control polic fire fight servic similarli infrastructur financ mainten ensur public fund mention commun vision charg financ public author common framework charg airport infrastructur commiss wish propos framework form commun financ airport member state public author public privat airport manag place relationship coher competit environ european level regard commiss ensur practic relat reduct airport fee clear delimit charg assum public fund born airport manag resourc incorpor framework show oppos public privat airport fix airport charg inaccur simplif complex realiti airport requir develop offer air link offer exist public infrastructur fulfil requir busi statut regard secondari region airport charleroi face equat face major european hub london pari frankfurt intermedi airport larg refer airlin concentr oper airport order offer maximum correspond passeng profit larg scale save structur region airport charleroi ba addit counterbal lack imag awar relat larger airport ryanair commiss note unlik low cost compani offer choic serv secondari airport exclus option specif necessarili repres trend competitor low cost compani serv central airport establish region airport regard commiss note put practic present decis increas secondari airport asset fight air traffic congest major european hub greater number access point intra european flight favour element matter point develop initi public incent transpar discrimin proportion relat financ offer airport presenc common interest relat state aid grant airlin airport activ develop accord rule treati spirit decis accept principl start cost time air transport industri ensur usual rule state aid compli conclus commiss note belgium unlawfulli provid aid benefit airlin ryanair violat articl treati contribut aid make launch air transport servic sustain develop region airport portion aid declar compat common market subject condit set section adopt decis articl aid measur implement belgium contract novemb conclud walloon region ryanair form reduct airport land charg offici tariff set articl walloon govern decre juli lai charg levi airport walloon region gener discount provid articl decre incompat common market mean articl treati articl aid measur implement belgium contract novemb conclud brussel south charleroi airport bsca ryanair form discount ground handl servic comparison offici airport tariff incompat common market mean articl treati belgium determin total aid recover calcul differ oper cost born bsca link ground handl servic provid ryanair price invoic airlin long million passeng threshold provid direct ec remain unattain belgium deduct total profit realis bsca strictli commerci activ articl belgium ensur compens guarante grant contract novemb walloon region event loss suffer ryanair exercis walloon region regul power void walloon region ryanair airlin compani freedom fix airport charg airport open hour provis regulatori natur articl type aid grant bsca includ market contribut shot incent provis offic space declar compat common market start aid rout subject condit contribut relat open rout limit time view intra european destin cover time period exce year open rout contribut paid rout open replac rout close ryanair preced year futur aid grant rout ryanair provid replac rout serv previous airport locat econom popul catchment area market contribut set eur passeng justifi develop plan compil ryanair valid bsca rout concern plan cost incur elig relat directli promot rout aim make viabl aid initi period year end year period bsca posteriori valid start cost incur airlin bsca enlist independ auditor task regard portion contribut paid bsca similar exercis carri valid aid principl shot contribut paid lump sum ryanair set charleroi rout open recov portion belgium justifi directli link cost incur ryanair charleroi airport hub proport incent natur sum total aid rout benefit exce start market shot cost aggreg destin question includ charleroi contribut grant destin exce actual cost destin specif attent paid evalu rout link charleroi major airport includ categori defin committe region outlook opinion juli capac region airport identifi present decis coordin fulli coordin airport mean regul eec contribut paid bsca end year start period exce criteria laid repaid ryanair contribut paid applic dublin charleroi rout novemb contract examin recov belgium set discriminatori aid scheme intend ensur equal treatment airlin wish develop air servic depart charleroi airport accord object criteria laid present decis articl belgium measur recov beneficiari aid mention articl unlawfulli made aid mention articl remain partli unrecov portion exce ceil complianc condit laid articl recoveri effect immedi accord procedur nation law effect enforc present decis aid recov includ interest run date made beneficiari date recoveri interest calcul basi refer rate calcul subsidi equival region aid calcul compound basi condit laid articl compli portion aid portion correspond categori aid aid rout term balanc agreement conclud ryanair bsca substanti alter belgium requir recov aid refer articl articl belgium inform commiss month date notif decis measur compli articl decis address kingdom belgium brussel februari commiss loyola de palacio vice presid commiss oj note basi parliamentari decre walloon govern issu decre introduc charleroi lièg airport system airport tax land passeng park reduct establish decre walloon govern juli lai fee levi airport walloon region moniteur belg septemb system amend march walloon govern decre walloon govern decre date march amend walloon govern decre juli moniteur belg april walloon regul state quot fee subscript fix decre levi airport manag compani quot addit end calendar year quot amount fee subscript fix decre levi airport paid fund environ airport concern quot calcul shown detail point decis initi procedur show figur approxim reduct present time total type aircraft approxim eur eur ryanair boe compar approxim eur eur gener rate aircraft quot walloon region undertak compens ryanair loss profit aris directli modif decre regul exercis walloon region decret regulatori power dictat regul direct icao regul intern treati feder law quot quot concess holder authoris collect air traffic fee fee servic requir provid concess mention articl servic concess grant payment walloon region annual total air traffic fee collect concess holder previou year term air traffic fee mean fee connect land embark park sum total fee mention articl form fund alloc financi resolut environment problem caus oper airport quot articl concess agreement point decis initi procedur quot principl privat investor market economi appli case appli framework econom activ framework exercis regulatori power public author argument withdraw econom advantag capac airport own busi order justifi aid adopt form discriminatori exercis regulatori fiscal power quot direct cost aircraft rotat brussel nation includ land charg passeng fee ground handl cost basi forecast volum passeng differ cost eur million oj direct amend regul ec european parliament council oj compani quot shannon ireland shannon grant advantag ryanair time renew ryanair decid transfer oper airport shannon receiv expect return reason invest court judgment march case steinik amp weinlig germani ecr quot breach member state oblig treati connect prohibit laid articl justifi fact member state fail fulfil oblig effect distort competit trade member state cancel accumul damag consequ common market increas quot ground rate impos frankfurt hahn london stanst higher reduct ryanair oper destin london frankfurt hahn compar charleroi account tbi incom number passeng luton increas million million increas background overshadow attack septemb number passeng cardiff rose million earli million come ryanair passeng skavsta number total launch ryanair base increas figur fourfold take million morrison recal face increas fee charg irish airport manag shannon aer rianta ryanair decid transfer greater portion flight kerri airport ireland ryanair press communiqué date februari transfer frankfurt hahn shannon rout frankfurt hahn kerri www ryanair articl treati provis relat transport appli air transport sector procedur quot counci act qualifi major decid extent procedur provis laid sea air transport quot final oj cranfield univers studi competit airport applic state aid rule septemb english commiss websit http europa eu int comm transport air rule studi fr htm chapter type discount grant airport chapter inform protect commerci secreci belgium comment reproduc ryanair cite experi belfast easyjet liverpool easyjet london luton easyjet glasgow prestwick ryanair bristol east midland london stanst ryanair easyjet buzz glasgow point decis initi procedur copenhagen ryanair explain number passeng increas million million airport eur million eur million year increas passeng number increas airport british airport author airport increas eur million eur million increas base increas passeng number million million stanst show loss year subsequ offset glossari term field european union competit polici network effect product increas user number user product compat product economist speak quot extern network factor quot addit consum join network exist consum posit quot extern quot influenc consum network member ryanair quot morrison offer financi incent compani oper prestwick line open incent valid year diminish year ryanair justifi fund bsca morrison requir invoic sum paid morrison offer million year year compani glasgow york servic discontinu british airwai bristol cologn bonn airport offer financi incent commiss decis june unit kingdom manchest airport state aid nn report univers westminst titl quot econom impact ryanair charleroi brussel south airport quot ryanair report titl quot socioeconom impact arrang quot annex ryanair respons gener rule ryanair full time job gener annual volum million passeng ryanair activ potenti creat job compar aim walloon region employ polici year target peopl expenditur eur court judgement septemb case philip morri commiss ecr ground oj financi trend growth commerci activ develop incom link larger attract termin onward expiri quot shot quot incent opportun bsca negoti commerci condit ryanair rotat provid current contract abolit car park shuttl servic ceas termin open repres save eur economi scale oper airport part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket modif set point decis initi procedur decis date walloon govern ratifi ministri transport analysi quot transfer area compet defin walloon region transfer deficit estim million franc main aim execut ensur walloon airport aerodrom reach breakeven point quickli achiev goal action carri relat infrastructur develop airport fact pass signific increas incom achiev welcom activ site charter flight freight transport busi flight excel custom servic note basic equip suffici meet requir link develop activ goss suitabl build suffici park area present limit length runwai disadvantag term type activ accommod quot annex respons belgium februari addit cost connect alter econom develop zone airport includ compens owner build assess eur bef time oj belgium quot distanc brussel absenc rail connect dilapid state current termin lack commerci attract prefer charter zaventem closur airport night presenc virgin express base zaventem prestig zaventem absenc suffici technic mainten aircraft base absenc suffici work aircraft base work zaventem malaga charleroi malaga zaventem flight ferri airport open time insuffici length runwai flight hour il iii contact virgin produc result notabl agreement forc correspond sabena easyjet interest develop continent base geneva amsterdam consid absenc rail connect close charleroi major obstacl set consid french market interest belgian market develop strategi approach bsca suspend anticip buyer compani buzz studi possibl charleroi stanst rout withdrew fear lack profit citi bird demand walloon region acquir share capit prerequisit set charleroi refus poor financi health busi bsca canvass airlin call quot ethnic quot flight sector east european countri charter compani airport mention liverpool luton glasgow prestwick frankfurt hahn pari beauvai liverpool airport subsidiari privat group peel hold time passeng privatis arriv easyjet arriv easyjet prevent arriv compani ryanair eurocelt airwai charter compani inaugur termin airport grant numer reduct offici price mention bookshop contract coca cola drink distributor air termin public manag advertis behalf airport februari quot guid du routard quot cloth shop march april internet termin supplier june belgian sky shop duti free store juli cafeteria august budget car hire compani octob branch dexia bank novemb bureau de chang februari bsca succeed negoti commiss rate number concess cafeteria car hire brussel shuttl bu servic suppli motor fuel regard belgium state contrari commiss assert point decis initi procedur fact gtm bui bsca condit grant bsca ryanair letter date april vinci group group purchas gtm certifi group interest possibl bui bsca quot accord concess agreement date juli conclud walloon region bsca collect fee transfer agent bsca fact owner fee collect user servic user basi concess except paid initi environ fund fix ceil total paid sowaer onward develop specif schedul condit date juli fact articl agent collect fee connect air traffic compli regulatori provis forc issu walloon region execut collect fee purpos present document consid transfer agent quot european union coj judgment march case preussenelektra amp schleswag ecr ground amp quot case oblig impos privat electr suppli undertak purchas electr produc renew energi sourc fix minimum price involv direct indirect transfer state resourc undertak produc type electr circumst fact purchas oblig impos statut confer undeni advantag undertak capabl confer charact state aid mean articl treati quot commiss assum belgium refer walloon region bsca judgment februari join case kwekerij gebroed van der kooi bv commiss ecr ground judgment februari case belgium commiss ecr ground agreement laid amend juli decre made march meet question exist potenti state aid address quot walloon govern repres emphasis european commiss appear admit region public author legal task develop activ airport make promot effort involv composit bsca sharehold treat expenditur public fund escap critic commiss purpos expens member board suggest unoffici contact made repres commiss assess commiss view compat agreement sign ryanair relat state aid competit rule member advis wait end negoti conduct natur subject board approv assess condit obtain approach commiss depart albeit unoffici quot number aircraft exce provid contract term contract negoti ryanair obtain addit financi advantag base aircraft advantag cover flight dai region airlin quot strategi orient lead airlin allianc belong tout custom redirect lead airlin main hub context charleroi airport interest quot charter compani quot prefer zaventem qualiti servic choos lièg altern open dai night quot concess amend april cost born walloon region auditor explain walloon region care fire mainten servic transit year period decemb longer requir quot addit auditor fire servic agreement expir renew director bsca head minist offic respons airport manag text date fire subsidi paid regularli year manag compani pai fund reimburs happen past text suppli shortli quot subsidi budgetari decre decemb moniteur belg june programm head page subsidi budgetari decre decemb moniteur belg june programm head page addit belgian author assur commiss compens grant involv compens calcul basi servic cost separ account eu coj judgment juli case altmark tran gmbh publish ecr point initi procedur respons interest parti believ bsca benefit exempt half fee payabl bsca sowaer belgium explain quot concess contract bind sowaer oper compani airport locat walloon region provid compani pai fee provis airport infrastructur develop term articl agreement concess land april conclud sowaer bsca annual total fix airport fee fix ceil eur onward total index rate year ceil fee payabl sowaer rais increas annual shortli termin made bsca increas ceil justifi fact infrastructur bsca gener higher level busi incom shop cater car park calcul made consist tripl concess price onward take account annual index quot quot exempt part fee payabl bsca sowaer gradual alter fee total commensur develop infrastructur quot strateg note submit bsca board director meet juli state quot bsca expect accumul loss million year equiti fund decemb reduc million franc current capit million franc reason increas capit eur million provid order avoid precari posit anticip finalis oper month view larg number sharehold sowaer call order obtain capit credit line sowaer budget million franc intend increas capit quot decis entitl quot develop airport adopt financi mechan creation specialist compani quot decis walloon govern approv sowaer statut financi level budget forecast manag structur invit sogepa set sowaer quot financ environment measur isol examin sowaer cooper concessionari compani quot minut bsca board director meet juli quot emerg analysi averag annual profit fund invest basi amend busi plan estim period year total quot quot return compar rate market risk type activ year quot quot commiss decis march case iv sa spanair oj commiss decis august case iv klm alitalia oj note net loss eur actual accord analysi present deloitt amp touch februari loss anticip busi plan april loss anticip busi plan bsca decis make process present analysi total eur oper result propos airport fee mention commiss stress applic rule relat state aid point reduct exempt justifi differ cost distort competit user discriminatori effect case airport control directli indirectli public author practic constitut indirect state subsidi contradict commun rule affect affect competit walloon region council decre june creation oper airport aerodrom locat walloon region moniteur belg juli commiss remark respect walloon govern appar consult user advisori committe decre alter level airport tax specif aim take account ryanair arriv charleroi increas passeng land tax user consult mention preambl decre point advoc gener conclus join case enirisors spa ministero dell finanz publish court report judgment juli case itali commiss ecr quot fund question financ compulsori contribut impos state legisl case show manag apport accord provis legisl regard state resourc mean articl administ institut distinct public author quot ground similarli judgment march join case compagni commercial de ouest ecr court confirm aid financ parafisc charg constitut aid mean articl treati walloon decre juli quot fee payabl land aircraft quot articl quot fee payabl park aircraft quot articl quot fee due facil passeng quot articl commiss decis ec june belgium oj ec februari portug oj ec juli spain oj coj judgment march case portug commiss ecr confirm decis ec econom regul airport section univers cranfield report mention number activ dealt walloon region walloon airport compani includ construct infrastructur major repair charleroi site environment secur airport guard servic includ control access embark area luggag check insur intend cover civil liabil staff respons polic task secur inspect transport fee paid lawyer hire defend interest region relat airport studi confer airport relat issu repay air traffic control payment born belgocontrol purchas durabl furnitur specif airport incom expenditur budget walloon region organ divis transport programm region airport aerodrom internet site http mrw walloni sg db depens kubla ku htm ground judgment court instanc european commun decemb case aéroport de pari commiss ecr ii quot note commun competit law concept undertak cover entiti engag econom activ legal statu financ activ consist offer good servic market econom activ quot report mention univers cranfield page irish transport minist report www gov tec aviat report knockairport htm http www nyköp se templat page end asp id coj judgment quot stardust marin quot case franc commiss ecr quot order examin state adopt conduct prudent investor oper market economi place oneself context period financi support measur order assess econom ration state conduct refrain assess base situat quot ground commiss commun member state applic articl eec treati articl commiss direct eec public undertak manufactur sector oj commiss note question commiss knowledg fact event decid provis public resourc constitut state aid sole reason rate return final obtain low project commiss consid object reason good faith expect rate return compar privat busi moment decis invest financ treat state aid point point decis initi procedur relat made concess march april date signatur agreement ryanair novemb point abovement commiss commun undertak manufactur sector point state commiss claim claim substitut judgement investor request addit resourc lead public undertak public author evalu risk probabl result project privat busi privat capit provid part commiss order carri risk analysi public undertak privat appli profit criteria natur problem suggest signific scope discret investor signific scope exercis investor freedom evalu situat consid involv state aid board director wish quot possess financi project relat futur oper ryanair quot juli director board director knew element need assess contract financi term stress import director made respons busi plan submit discuss juli depend aircraft minimum aircraft load factor likewis bsca busi plan flight rotat departur compris depart passeng year figur adopt ceil ryanair activ analysi busi plan made commiss calcul maximum adjust adopt tabl rate cover year address commiss internet site http europa eu int comm competit state aid refer rate html oj eur correspond busi plan mention sum quot fire mainten servic quot subsidi commiss take account fact walloon region budgetari decis decemb undertaken financ cost bsca count sum assur plan loss eur busi plan sign contract ryanair minut meet bsca board director juli decis commiss reason doubt recapitalis accord principl privat investor oper market economi walloon region sowaer process set priori evalu return invest recapitalis bsca time bsca board director discuss term contract ryanair dispos financi forecast relat contract obtain juli page sowaer financi plan append walloon govern decis provis bsca ryanair contract quot parti make public announc commun matter dealt present contract annex parti receiv draft propos disclosur commun made parti issu prior written consent public product document requir law intern commun feder court case parti inform step court quot judgment court instanc june case alzetta mauro ecr ii ground amp council regul eec juli licens air carrier oj council regul eec juli access commun air carrier air rout oj amend council parliament regul ec council regul eec juli fare rate air servic oj oj guidelin state aid region oper aid mean aid intend reduc undertak current expenditur point initi invest aid relat invest fix capit relat creation establish extens exist establish commenc activ involv fundament chang product procedur provid exist establish point point guidelin state aid region commiss decis ec juli draw list region cover object structur fund period oj state aid belgium region aid map belgium guidelin state aid region individu ad hoc aid grant singl undertak aid limit sector activ signific effect competit market concern effect region develop limit consequ exempt question principl grant favour multi sector aid scheme open sector concern region court judgment septemb join case spain commiss ecr commun framework state aid research develop oj modifi oj extend oj commun framework state aid environment protect oj commun guidelin state aid rescu restructur compani difficulti oj guidelin aviat sector commun regul ec date januari applic articl ec state aid treati small medium busi oj commiss commun state aid capit invest oj cost staff cost relat trainer travel expens trainer person involv train ongo expens materi suppli depreci instrument equip proport exclus train project question cost consult servic relat train activ staff cost particip train project limit oj job creation aid fall scope regul aid grant transport sector articl aid cover regul transport sector aid recruit disadvantag disabl worker aid intend cover addit cost connect employ disadvantag worker aid measur mention aim satisfi criteria regul oj point fourth indent decis initi procedur commiss opportun past appli articl directli order account econom develop sector defin condit applic grant aid individu decis commiss commun member state interest parti subject state aid itali aid scheme favour instal cabl oj point advoc gener jacob point point conclus septemb publish recueil case itali commiss quot commiss power assess limit definit adopt text quot note guidelin form quot soft law quot reflect cost small airport tax level mean impos charg heavi small number user deter set secondari airport abovement commiss propos airport fee suggest fee reflect real cost airport activ account specif natur small airport govern aid point addit commiss note member state europ appli system financi equalis airport largest airport subsidis smallest requir small airport fee reflect full total cost unnecessari disrupt method organis problem airport tax europ quot airport charg europ quot airport council intern europ point decis initi procedur quot regard ground handl tariff commiss believ economi scale appli airport user make signific compani assist servic great shock tariff appli compani lower gener tariff servic request compani client quot direct ec expressli envisag risk cross subsidi requir separ account ground handl activ airport activ articl stipul quot airport manag user servic provid ground handl servic appli strict separ account current busi practic activ link suppli servic activ realiti separ account check independ auditor nomin member state state check financi flow activ manag airport author ground handl activ quot direct ec direct ec court judgment octob case flughafen hannov langenhagen gmbh deutsch lufthansa ag publish ecr regard commiss point referr made court justic itali decemb septemb ground member state transpos direct ec inappropri lead direct effect hinder arriv oper princip airport countri commiss decis ec januari aid regim franc plan implement favour launch short distanc sea transport rout oj final mention cdr end end page abovement report page abovement univers cranfield studi consid quot extent subsidis air servic pso framework interpret indirect subsidi airport regard remot airport scotland ireland exclus reliant subsid pso air servic quot airport directli creat job million passeng process year impact includ direct induc job assess job doubl total econom engin quot strateg catalyst quot act magnet econom activ quot europ low cost airlin analysi econom oper characterist europ charter low cost schedul carrier quot air transport research report cranfield total includ eur hotel cost eur eur twelv line open eur pilot train eur offic equip rotat ryanair bring approxim passeng embark passeng oj oj definit classif shown council regul eec januari common rule alloc slot commun airport oj regul amend european parliament council regul ec oj court judgment decemb case commiss unit kingdom denmark sweden finland belgium luxembourg ecr