council direct june amend direct eec approxim law member state relat measur air pollut emiss motor vehicl eec council european commun regard treati establish european econom commun articl thereof regard propos commiss cooper european parliament regard opinion econom social committe import adopt measur aim progress establish intern market period expir decemb intern market compris area intern frontier free movement good person servic capit ensur programm action european commun protect environ approv council novemb call account latest scientif advanc combat atmospher pollut caus gase emit motor vehicl direct adopt previous amend programm action addit effort made reduc consider present level emiss pollut motor vehicl direct eec amend direct eec lai limit valu carbon monoxid unburnt hydrocarbon emiss engin vehicl limit valu reduc direct eec supplement accord direct eec limit valu permiss emiss nitrogen oxid limit valu pollut success reduc direct eec eec eec limit valu particul pollut emiss diesel engin introduc direct eec stringent european standard car cm direct eec work undertaken commiss sphere shown commun perfect technolog drastic reduct limit valu question engin size stringent emiss standard laid direct eec car cm accord articl direct align limit valu emiss car engin capac equal cm standard applic date basi improv european test procedur includ extra urban drive sequenc appear time lai requir relat evapor oj oj oj oj oj oj oj oj oj oj oj oj oj oj emiss durabl emiss relat vehicl compon introduc accord articl direct eec stage standard particul pollut emiss car equip diesel engin consolid requir european commun relat emiss air pollut passeng car durabl test base kilometr driven carri procedur involv vehicl driven test track chassi dynamomet order european environ benefit maximum provis time ensur uniti market appear implement stringent european standard base total harmon standard test procedur laid light futur develop traffic european commun complet intern market lead increas vehicl registr result increas pollut emiss view major role plai pollut emiss motor vehicl contribut gase respons greenhous effect emiss stabil subsequ reduc line decis govern council unit nation environ programm unep point thereof commiss submit propos direct measur reduc evapor loss stage process storag distribut motor fuel urgent improv significantli qualiti fuel fill station introduct tougher standard speed member state introduc system encourag purchas vehicl vehicl scrap fa recycl desir member state measur ensur older vehicl fit exhaust ga clean devic environment impact stringent standard greatli increas speed member state grant decemb tax incent purchas instal vehicl servic equip ensur standard set direct compli constant increas environment pollut caus rapid increas traffic commun necessit adopt limit valu tougher standard develop altern propuls system transport concept commun step provid financi support research develop altern transport concept propuls system fuel take account requir environment compat order maxim impact standard set direct council act qualifi major propos commiss decid decemb measur design limit emiss adapt emiss standard relat test vehicl cover direct includ commerci vehicl lai regular inspect procedur replac repair maintain equip fit order meet valu laid implement research develop programm encourag market clean vehicl fuel adopt direct articl annex direct eec replac annex direct articl januari member state ground relat air pollut emiss refus grant eec type approv issu document refer indent articl direct eec amend direct eec grant nation type approv type motor vehicl prohibit initi entri servic motor vehicl oj oj emiss type motor vehicl vehicl meet provis direct eec amend direct juli member state longer grant eec type approv issu document provid indent articl direct eec type motor vehicl refus nation type approv type motor vehicl emiss meet requir annex direct eec amend direct decemb member state prohibit initi entri servic vehicl emiss meet requir annex direct eec amend direct articl member state make provis tax incent vehicl cover direct incent meet provis treati condit appli domest car product vehicl import market member state fit equip allow european standard met satisfi ahead time ceas date set articl compulsori entri forc emiss valu vehicl type vehicl substanti lower actual cost equip fit meet valu set fit vehicl commiss inform plan introduc amend tax incent refer subparagraph suffici time submit comment articl council act condit laid treati decid decemb propos commiss take account technic progress sumit decemb reduct limit valu reduc limit valu appli januari type approv serv basi tax incent adopt direct articl act qualifi major propos commiss account result work progress greenhous effect council decid measur design limit emiss motor vehicl articl commiss confirm addit technic report begin valid altern european durabl test stringent durabl test defin annex vii repres drive condit europ acceler ag test amend propos commiss accord procedur committe adapt technic progress end articl member state bring forc law regul administr provis order compli direct januari forthwith inform commiss thereof member state adopt measur refer paragraph refer direct accompani refer occas offici public method make refer laid member state articl direct address member state luxembourg june council presid steichen oj annex vii pp annex scope definit applic eec type approv eec type approv requir test extens eec type approv conform product transit provis scope direct appli tailpip emiss evapor emiss emiss crankcas gase durabl anti pollut devic motor vehicl equip posit ignit engin tailpip emiss durabl anti pollut devic vehicl categori equip compress ignit engin cover articl direct eec version direct eec except vehicl categori type approv grant pursuant direct eec request manufactur type approv pursuant direct extend vehicl equip compress ignit engin type approv vehicl refer mass exceed kg meet condit section annex extens eec type approv definit purpos direct quot vehicl type quot regard tailpip emiss engin mean categori power driven vehicl differ essenti respect equival inertia determin relat refer mass prescrib section annex iii engin vehicl characterist defin annex ii quot refer mass quot mean mass vehicl run order uniform mass driver kg increas uniform mass kg quot mass vehicl run order quot mean mass defin section annex direct eec quot maximum mass quot mean mass defin section annex direct eec quot gaseou pollut quot mean exhaust ga emiss carbon monoxid hydrocarbon assum ratio oxid nitrogen express nitrogen dioxid equival quot particul pollut quot mean compon exhaust ga remov dilut exhaust ga maximum temperatur mean filter annex iii quot tailpip emiss quot mean posit ignit engin emiss gaseou pollut compress ignit engin emiss gaseou particul pollut quot evapor emiss quot mean hydrocarbon vapour lost fuel system motor vehicl tailpip emiss quot tank breath loss quot hydrocarbon emiss caus temperatur fuel tank assum ratio quot hot soak loss quot hydrocarbon emiss aris fuel system stationari vehicl period drive assum ratio defin point annex direct eec oj oj oj quot engin crankcas quot mean space extern engin connect oil sump intern extern duct gase vapour escap quot cold start devic quot mean devic temporarili enrich air fuel mixtur engin assist engin start quot start aid quot mean devic assist engin start enrich air fuel mixtur engin glow plug modif inject time quot engin capac quot mean reciproc piston engin nomin engin swept volum rotari piston wankel engin doubl nomin engin swept volum quot anti pollut devic quot mean compon vehicl control limit tailpip evapor emiss applic eec type approv applic approv vehicl type regard tailpip emiss evapor emiss durabl antipollut devic submit vehicl manufactur author repres accompani inform requir annex ii descript evapor control system instal vehicl case vehicl equip posit ignit engin statement restrict orific mark appli case descript mark copi type approv relev data enabl extens approv establish deterior factor test section annex vehicl repres vehicl type approv submit technic servic respons type approv test eec type approv certif conform model annex ix issu eec type approv certif requir test note altern requir section vehicl manufactur world wide annual product unit obtain type approv basi technic requir code feder regul titl part subpart applic model year light duti vehicl revis juli publish govern print offic quot master document quot final version date septemb prepar intern meet stockholm air pollut motor vehicl entitl quot control air pollut motor vehicl gener provis emiss regul light motor vehicl quot type approv author notifi commiss circumst approv grant provis gener compon liabl effect tailpip evapor emiss design construct assembl enabl vehicl normal compli requir direct vibrat subject technic measur manufactur ensur tailpip evapor emiss effect limit pursuant direct normal life vehicl normal condit tailpip emiss provis deem met provis section compli oxygen sensor catalyt convert system step ensur stoichiometr air fuel ratio lambda maintain speed reach acceler temporari variat ratio permiss occur test defin section variat safe drive correct oper engin compon affect pollut emiss variat cold start vehicl equip posit ignit engin design capabl run unlead petrol direct eec subject inlet orific fuel tank design prevent tank fill petrol pump deliveri nozzl extern diamet mm greater section appli vehicl respect condit satisfi vehicl design construct devic design control emiss gaseou pollut advers affect lead petrol vehicl conspicu legibl indel mark symbol unlead petrol iso posit immedi visibl person fill fuel tank addit mark permit applic test figur illustr rout type approv vehicl except vehicl refer posit ignit engin vehicl subject test type simul averag tailpip emiss cold start type iii emiss crankcas gase type iv evapor emiss type durabl anti pollut devic posit ignit engin vehicl refer subject test type simul averag tailpip emiss cold start type ii carbon monoxid emiss idl speed type iii emiss crankcas gase except vehicl refer compress ignit engin vehicl subject test type simul averag tailpip emiss cold start type durabl anti pollut devic oj compress ignit engin vehicl refer subject test type simul averag tailpip emiss cold start gaseou polluant descript test type test simul averag tailpip emiss cold start figur illustr rout type test test carri vehicl refer section maximum mass exceed tonn vehicl chassi dynamomet equip mean load inertia simul except vehicl refer test last total minut second made part perform interrupt unsampl period second agreement manufactur introduc end part begin part order facilit adjust test equip part test made elementari urban cycl elementari urban cycl compris fifteen phase idl acceler steadi speed deceler part test made extra urban cycl extra urban cycl compris phase idl acceler steadi speed deceler gt pic file quot quot gt vehicl refer test compris elementari urban cycl part perform interrupt last total minut test exhaust gase dilut proport sampl collect bag exhaust gase vehicl test dilut sampl analyz procedur total volum dilut exhaust measur carbon monoxid hydrocarbon nitrogen oxid emiss particul pollut emiss vehicl equip compress ignit engin record test carri procedur annex iii method collect analys gase remov weigh particul prescrib subject requir test repeat time vehicl refer test result multipli deterior factor obtain result mass gaseou emiss case vehicl equip compress ignit engin mass particul obtain test limit shown tabl gt pic file quot quot gt notwithstand requir pollut combin pollut result mass obtain exce limit prescrib provid arithmet result prescrib limit prescrib limit exceed pollut immateri occur test test gt pic file quot quot gt number test prescrib reduc condit hereinaft defin result test result test pollut combin emiss pollut subject limit test perform result obtain pollut combin emiss gt pic file quot quot gt requir satisfi test perform pollut combin emiss pollut subject limit requir met gt pic file quot quot gt type ii test carbon monoxid emiss test idl speed test carri vehicl refer power posit ignit engin test accord annex iv carbon monoxid content volum exhaust gase emit engin idl exce set type test exce rang adjust annex type iii test verifi emiss crankcas gase test carri vehicl refer section compress ignit engin result pollut combin exce limit prescrib test vehicl concern continu gt pic file quot quot gt test accord annex engin crankcas ventil system permit emiss crankcas gase atmospher type iv test determin evapor emiss test carri vehicl refer section vehicl compress ignit engin vehicl refer test accord annex vi evapor emiss test type test durabl anti pollut devic test carri vehicl refer section except vehicl refer test repres ag test kilometr driven accord programm annex vii test track road chassi dynamomet notwithstand requir manufactur choos deterior factor tabl altern test gt pic file quot quot gt request manufactur technic servic carri type test type test complet deterior factor tabl complet type test technic servic amend type approv result record annex ix replac deterior factor tabl measur type test deterior factor determin procedur valu tabl factor establish complianc requir extens eec type approv tailpip emiss relat extens type type ii test vehicl type refer mass approv grant vehicl type condit extend vehicl type differ type approv respect refer mass vehicl refer approv extend vehicl type refer mass requir higher equival inertia lower equival inertia vehicl refer approv extend vehicl type refer mass requir higher lower equival inertia refer mass vehicl type extens approv request requir flywheel equival inertia higher vehicl type approv extens approv grant refer mass vehicl type extens approv request requir flywheel equival inertia lower vehicl type approv extens approv grant mass pollut obtain vehicl approv limit prescrib vehicl extens approv request vehicl type gear ratio approv grant vehicl type condit extend vehicl type differ type approv respect transmiss ratio transmiss ratio type test determin proport gt pic file quot quot gt engin speed rpm speed vehicl type approv speed vehicl type extens approv request gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt vehicl type refer mass transmiss ratio approv grant vehicl type extend vehicl type differ approv type respect refer mass transmiss ratio provid condit prescrib fulfil note vehicl type approv accord approv extend vehicl type evapor emiss type iv test approv grant vehicl type equip control system evapor emiss extend condit basic principl fuel air meter singl point inject carburettor shape fuel tank materi fuel tank liquid fuel hose ident worst case famili regard cross section approxim hose length test ident vapour liquid separ accept decid technic servic respons type approv test fuel tank volum rang set tank relief valv ident method storag fuel vapour ident trap form volum storag medium air cleaner evapor emiss control carburettor bowl fuel volum millilitr rang method purg store vapour ident air flow start point purg volum drive cycl method seal vent fuel meter system ident note engin size allow ii engin power allow iii automat manual gearbox wheel transmiss allow iv bodi style allow wheel tyre size allow durabl anti pollut devic type test approv grant vehicl type extend vehicl type provid engin pollut control system combin ident vehicl approv end vehicl type paramet ident remain limit valu prescrib consid belong engin pollut control system combin engin number cylind engin capac configur cylind block number valv fuel system type cool system combust process pollut control system catalyt convert number catalyt convert element size shape catalyt convertor volum type catalyt activ oxid preciou metal load ident higher preciou metal ratio substrat structur materi cell densiti type case catalyt convert locat catalyt convert posit dimens exhaust system produc temperatur variat inlet catalyt convert air inject type pulsair air pump egr inertia categori inertia categori immedi equival inertia categori durabl test achiev vehicl bodi style gear box automat manual size wheel tyre vehicl type type approv sought conform product gener rule conform product regard limit tailpip evapor emiss vehicl check basi descript type approv certif set annex ix test type ii iii iv conform vehicl type test check vehicl seri subject test deterior factor appli limit shown replac gt pic file quot quot gt vehicl seri satisfi requir manufactur measur perform sampl vehicl seri includ vehicl origin manufactur determin size sampl vehicl vehicl origin subject singl type test result consider vehicl test origin arithmet result obtain type test gt pic file quot quot gt standard deviat plot carbon monoxid emiss combin hydrocarbon nitrogen oxid emiss particul emiss product model deem conform condit met gt pic file quot quot gt type ii type iii test carri vehicl seri condit laid compli notwithstand requir section annex iii technic servic respons verifi conform product consent manufactur carri test type ii iii iv vehicl driven kilometr test accord annex vi averag evapor emiss product vehicl type approv limit routin end product line test holder approv demonstr complianc sampl vehicl meet requir section annex vi standard deviat gt pic file quot quot gt transit provis type approv verif conform vehicl categori passeng vehicl categori design carri occup includ driver maximum mass exce kilogram road vehicl defin annex direct eec amend direct eec test part test limit valu shown tabl type approv conform check replac vehicl type approv gt pic file quot quot gt conform product check gt pic file quot quot gt provis remain applic decemb vehicl newli put servic type approv juli transit provis laid section except annex direct eec amend direct eec provis laid categori vehicl refer section annex fit posit ignit engin capac litr annex direct eec amend direct eec provis laid vehicl engin capac litr direct eec amend direct eec manufactur request test carri accord requir type approv undergo test refer section annex direct eec amend direct eec juli type approv decemb initi entri servic limit valu combin mass hydrocarbon nitrogen oxid mass particul vehicl fit compress ignit engin direct inject type except vehicl refer obtain multipli valu tabl type approv conform check factor oj annex ii inform document accord annex council direct eec relat eec type approv refer measur air pollut emiss motor vehicl direct eec amend direct eec gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt annex iii type test verifi averag emiss tailpip emiss cold start introduct annex describ procedur type test defin annex oper cycl chassi dynamomet descript cycl oper cycl chassi dynanomet appendix annex gener condit cycl carri preliminari test cycl carri determin actuat acceler brake control achiev cycl approxim theoret cycl prescrib limit gearbox maximum speed attain gear km fourth gear elementari urban cycl part fourth gear extra urban cycl part fourth gear urban cycl part gear extra urban cycl part drive instruct recommend start gear level ground gear defin gear reserv cross countri drive crawl tow vehicl maximum engin power kw maximum speed exceed km maximum speed extra urban cycl part limit km juli date vehicl attain acceler maximum speed valu requir oper cycl oper acceler control fulli depress reach requir oper curv deviat oper cycl record test report vehicl equip semi automat gearbox test gear emploi drive gear accord manufactur instruct vehicl equip automat gearbox test highest gear drive engag acceler obtain steadiest acceler enabl gear engag normal order gear chang point shown appendix annex appli acceler continu period repres straight line connect end period idl begin period steadi speed toler appli vehicl equip overdr driver activ test overdr action urban cycl part overdr action extra urban cycl part toler toler km allow speed theoret speed acceler steadi speed deceler vehicl brake vehicl deceler rapidli brake requir appli speed toler greater prescrib accept phase provid toler exceed occas time toler toler appli equal begin end gear chang period urban cycl part oper no extra urban cycl part speed time toler combin appendix vehicl fuel test vehicl vehicl present good mechan condit run driven kilometr test exhaust devic exhibit leak reduc quantiti ga collect quantiti emerg engin tight intak system check ensur carbur affect accident intak air set engin vehicl control prescrib manufactur requir appli set idl rotat speed carbon monoxid content exhaust gase cold start devic exhaust ga pollut emiss control system vehicl test equival vehicl fit devic permit measur characterist paramet chassi dynamomet set conform technic servic verifi vehicl perform conform state manufactur normal drive capabl start cold hot fuel refer fuel defin annex viii test test equip chassi dynamomet dynamomet capabl simul road load classif dynamomet fix load curv dynamomet physic characterist provid fix load curv shape dynamomet ajust load curv dynamomet road load paramet adjust shape load curv set dynamomet affect laps time produc vibrat percept vehicl impair vehicl normal oper equip mean simul inertia load simul connect front roller case roller dynamomet accuraci measur read load accuraci note time second allow includ time chang gear amount latitud catch cycl case dynamomet fix load curv accuraci load set km case dynamomet adjust load curv accuraci match dynamomet load road load km dynamomet absorpt posit total inertia rotat part includ simul inertia applic kilogram inertia class test speed vehicl measur speed rotat roller front roller case roller dynamomet measur accuraci km speed km load inertia set dynamomet fix load curv load simul adjust absorb power exert drive wheel steadi speed km absorb power km note mean load determin set appendix dynamomet adjust load curv load simul adjust order absorb power exert drive wheel steadi speed km mean load determin set appendix inertia dynamomet electr inertia simul demonstr equival mechan inertia system mean equival establish appendix exhaust ga sampl system exhaust ga sampl system measur actual quantiti pollut emit exhaust gase measur system constant volum sampler cv system requir vehicl exhaust continu dilut ambient air control condit constant volum sampler concept measur condit satisfi total volum mixtur exhaust gase dilut air measur continu proport sampl volum collect analysi quantiti pollut emit determin sampl concentr correct pollut content ambient air total flow test period particul pollut emiss level determin suitabl filter collect particul proport part flow test determin quantiti thereof gravimetr accord flow system suffici elimin water condens condit occur test defin appendix figur iii schemat diagram gener concept appendix exampl type constant volum sampler system satisfi requir set annex ga air mixtur homogen point sampl probe probe extract true sampl dilut exhaust gase system free ga leak design materi system influenc pollut concentr dilut exhaust ga compon heat exchang blower chang concentr pollut ga dilut ga sampl pollut carri compon problem correct gt pic file quot quot gt vehicl test equip exhaust pipe compris branch connect tube connect vehicl static pressur variat tailpip vehicl remain kpa static pressur variat measur dynamomet drive cycl connect tailpip sampl system capabl maintain static pressur kpa written request manufactur compet author issu approv substanti narrow toler back pressur measur exhaust pipe end extens diamet valv direct exhaust gase quick adjust quick act type ga sampl collect sampl bag adequ capac bag made materi chang pollut ga minut storag analyt equip requir pollut gase analyz instrument carbon monoxid carbon dioxid analysi carbon monoxid carbon dioxid analys dispers infra red ndir absorpt type hydrocarbon hc analysi spark ignit engin hydrocarbon analys flame ioniz fid type calibr propan ga express equival carbon atom hydrocarbon hc analysi compress ignit engin hydrocarbon analys flame ioniz type detector valv pipework heat hfid calibr propan ga express equival carbon atom nitrogen oxid nox analysi nitrogen oxid analys chemiluminesc cla dispens ultraviolet reson absorpt nduvr type nox convert particul gravimetr determin particul collect particul case collect seri mount filter sampl ga flow quantiti particul collect pair filter gt pic file quot quot gt filter surfac consist materi hydrophob inert compon exhaust ga fluorocarbon coat glass fibr filter equival accuraci analys measur rang compat accuraci requir measur concentr exhaust ga sampl pollut measur error exce disregard true calibr gase concentr ppm measur error exce ppm ambient air sampl measur analys rang dilut exhaust sampl measur particul collect guarante accuraci microgram balanc determin weight filter precis standard deviat readabl ic trap ga dry devic analys shown effect pollut content ga stream requir compress ignit engin heat sampl line continu hc analysi flame ioniz detector hfid includ record averag concentr measur hydrocarbon determin integr test temperatur heat sampl line control gt pic file quot quot gt hfid constant flow heat exchang system ensur repres sampl compens vari cfv cfo flow made particul sampl unit consist dilut tunnel sampl probe filter unit partial flow pump flow rate regul measur unit particul sampl part flow drawn seri mount filter sampl probe test ga flow particul arrang dilut tract repres sampl ga flow homogen air exhaust mixtur air exhaust ga mixtur temperatur exceed sampl point temperatur ga flow flow meter fluctuat mass flow rate fluctuat volum flow chang unaccept result excess filter load test stop repeat rate flow decreas larger filter filter remov chamber earlier hour test begin particl filter condit temperatur humid open dish protect dust ingress hour test air condit chamber condit uncontamin filter weigh store filter hour remov weigh chamber reweigh hour limit replac hour limit condit met stabil filter seal filter holder assembl end plug stabil filter seal filter holder assembl immediatli sampl line flow calibr analys calibr case month type approv test month verifi conform product calibr method appendix analys refer volum measur method measur total dilut exhaust volum incorpor constant volum sampler measur accur constant volum sampler calibr constant volum sampler system volum measur devic calibr method suffici ensur prescrib accuraci frequenc suffici maintain accuraci calibr procedur requir accuraci appendix method util flow meter devic dynam suitabl high flow rate encount constant volum sampler test devic certifi accuraci conform approv nation intern standard gase pure gase pure gase calibr oper gt pic file quot quot gt calibr gase gase chemic composit mixtur purifi synthet air purifi nitrogen purifi nitrogen purifi nitrogen amount contain calibr ga exce content true concentr calibr ga state figur concentr appendix obtain mean ga divid dilut purifi purifi synthet air accuraci mix devic concentr dilut calibr gase determin addit equip temperatur temperatur appendix measur accuraci pressur atmospher pressur measur kpa absolut humid absolut humid measur exhaust ga sampl system verifi method section appendix maximum permiss deviat quantiti ga introduc quantiti ga measur prepar test adjust inertia simul vehicl translatori inertia inertia simul enabl total inertia rotat mass obtain proport refer mass limit gt pic file quot quot gt set dynamomet load adjust method method valu obtain equival inertia characterist adjust paramet record test report precondit vehicl compress ignit engin vehicl purpos measur particul hour hour test part cycl appendix consecut cycl driven dynamomet set precondit specif compress ignit engin test compress ignit arid posit ignit engin vehicl room temperatur remain constant condit carri hour continu engin oil temperatur coolant temperatur room manufactur request test carri hour vehicl run normal temperatur tyre pressur manufactur preliminari road test brake adjust tyre pressur increas manufactur recommend set case roller dynamomet actual pressur record test report procedur bench test special condit carri cycl test test cell temperatur absolut humid air test cell intak air engin gt pic file quot quot gt vehicl approxim horizont test avoid abnorm distribut fuel test carri bonnet rais technic imposs auxiliari ventil devic act radiat water cool air intak air cool engin temperatur normal test speed record time correct cycl perform assess start engin engin start mean devic provid purpos manufactur instruct incorpor driver handbook product vehicl engin idl period second cycl begin end aforesald period second idl idl manual shift semi automat gearbox period idl clutch engag gear neutral enabl acceler perform normal cycl vehicl gear clutch disengag second acceler idl period consid elementari urban cycl part idl period begin urban cycl part consist second idl neutral clutch engag second gear clutch disengag idl period refer consecut idl period begin extra urban cycl part consist twenti second idl gear clutch disengag idl period urban cycl part time second neutral second gear clutch disengag idl period success elementari urban cycl part compris second neutral clutch engag end deceler period halt vehicl roller extra urban cycl part idl period consist twenti second neutral clutch engag automat shift gearbox initi engag selector oper time test case selector actuat overdr acceler acceler perform rate acceler constant phase acceler carri prescrib time extra time requir deduct time allow chang gear subsequ steadi speed period automat shift gearbox acceler carri prescrib time gear selector oper accord requir manual shift gearbox deceler deceler elementari urban cycl part effect remov foot complet acceler clutch remain engag clutch disengag gear lever speed km deceler extra urban cycl part effect remov foot complet acceler clutch remain engag clutch disengag gear lever speed km deceler period deceler longer prescrib phase vehicl brake enabl time cycl compli period deceler shorter prescrib phase time theoret cycl restor constant speed idl period merg oper end deceler period halt vehicl roller elementari urban cycl part gear neutral clutch engag steadi speed pump close throttl avoid pass acceler steadi speed period constant speed achiev keep acceler posit fix ga particul sampl analysi sampl sampl begin begin elementari urban cycl defin end conclus final idl period extra urban cycl part final idl period elementari urban cycl part depend type test carri analysi exhaust gase contain bag analys event minut end test cycl spent particul filter chamber hour conclus test exhaust gase condit hour weigh prior sampl analysi analys rang pollut set ga analys set calibr curv mean span gase nomin concentr rang analys zero recheck read differ rang set procedur repeat sampl analyz analysi span point recheck gase recheck analysi consid accept point section flow rate pressur gase calibr analys figur adopt concentr polluant measur gase read stabil measur devic hydrocarbon mass emiss compress ignit engin calcul integr hfid read correct vari flow shown appendix determin quantiti gaseou particul pollut emit volum consid volum consid correct conform condit kpa total mass gaseou particul pollut emit mass gaseou pollut emit vehicl test determin obtain product volumetr concentr volum ga question due regard densiti abovement refer condit case carbon monoxid case hydrocarbon ch case nitrogen oxid mass particul pollut emiss vehicl test defin weigh mass particul collect filter filter filter gt pic file quot quot gt gt gt test cancel appendix calcul exampl determin mass emiss gaseou particul pollut appendix breakdown oper cycl type test oper cycl oper cycl made part urban cycl part extra urban cycl illustr figur iii elementari urban cycl part figur iii tabl iii breakdown phase gt pic file quot quot gt breakdown gear gt pic file quot quot gt gener inform averag speed test km effect run time second theoret distanc cover cycl km equival distanc cycl km gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt extra urban cycl part figur iii tabl iii breakdown phase gt pic file quot quot gt breakdown gear gt pic file quot quot gt gener inform averag speed test km effect run time second theoret distanc cover cycl km maxim speed km maxim acceler maxim deceler gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt extra urban cycl low power vehicl figur iii tabl iii breakdown phase gt pic file quot quot gt breakdown gear gt pic file quot quot gt gener inform averag speed test km effect run time second theoret distanc cover cycl km maxim speed km maxim acceler maxim deceler gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt appendix chassi dynamomet definit chassi dynamomet fix load curv introduct event total resist progress road reproduc chassi dynamomet speed km recommend chassi dynamomet characterist defin definit chassi dynamomet roller front roller drive directli indirectli inertia mass power absorpt devic load km set method section determin kv power absorb pa brake chassi intern friction effect refer set vehicl speed km gt km pa kv kv pv neg gt pic file quot quot gt pa pa kv pv pv characterist chassi dynamomet pv power absorb km method calibr dynamomet introduct appendix describ method determin power absorb dynamometr brake power absorb compris power absorb friction effect power absorb power absorpt devic dynamomet brought oper rang test speed devic start dynamomet disconnect rotat speed driven roller decreas kinet energi roller dissip power absorpt unit friction effect method disregard variat roller intern friction effect caus roller vehicl friction effect rear roller disregard free calibr power indic km function power absorb procedur figur iii measur rotat speed roller wheel revolut counter method place vehicl dynamomet devis method start dynamomet fly wheel system inertia simul inertia class gt pic file quot quot gt bring dynamomet speed km note power bring dynamomet speed km disconnect devic start dynamomet note time dynamomet pass speed km speed km set power absorpt devic level requir repeat suffici cover rang road power calcul power absorb formula gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt figur iii show power km term power absorb km gt pic file quot quot gt oper repeat inertia class calibr power indic function absorb power speed procedur repeat chosen speed verif power absorpt curv dynamomet refer set speed km place vehicl dynamomet devis method start dynamomet adjust dynamomet absorb power pa km note power absorb km draw curv pa verifi correspond requir repeat procedur set valu power pa km valu inertia procedur forc torqu calibr set dynamomet vacuum method introduct method prefer method fix load curv shape dynamomet determin load set km vehicl compress ignit engin test instrument vacuum absolut pressur intak manifold vehicl measur accuraci kpa record read continu interv speed record continu precis km road test ensur requir section appendix met drive vehicl steadi speed km record speed vacuum absolut pressur accord requir repeat procedur set time direct run complet hour data reduct accept criteria review result obtain accord speed lower km greater km run read vacuum level interv gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt dynamomet set prepar perform oper appendix set warm drive vehicl steadi speed km adjust dynamomet load reproduc vacuum read obtain accord deviat read greater kpa instrument exercis road test set method dynamomet set carri constant speed km accord requir appendix altern method manufactur agreement method brake adjust absorb power exert drive wheel constant speed km accord tabl gt pic file quot quot gt case vehicl passeng car refer mass kg vehicl perman wheel drive power valu tabl set multipli factor appendix resist progress vehicl measur method road simul chassi dynamomet object method object method defin measur resist progress vehicl stabil speed road simul resist dynamomet accord section annex iii definit road road level suffici long enabl measur made slope constant exce atmospher condit wind test limit wind speed averag peak speed addit vector compon wind speed test road wind veloc measur road surfac humid road dry pressur temperatur air densiti time test deviat refer condit kpa vehicl prepar run vehicl normal run order adjust run km tyre run time vehicl tread depth initi tread depth verif check made accord manufactur specif consid wheel wheel trim tyre make type pressur front axl geometri brake adjust elimin parasit drag lubric front rear axl adjust suspens vehicl level prepar test vehicl load refer mass level vehicl obtain centr graviti load situat midwai quot quot point front outer seat straight line pass point case road test window vehicl close cover air climat system headlamp oper posit vehicl clean immedi prior test vehicl brought normal run temperatur manner method method energi variat coast road test equip error time measur error lower speed measur error lower test procedur acceler vehicl speed km greater chosen test speed place gearbox quot neutral quot posit measur time vehicl deceler gt pic file quot quot gt perform test opposit direct gt pic file quot quot gt repeat test time statist accuraci averag gt pic file quot quot gt statist accuraci defin gt pic file quot quot gt calcul power formula gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt dynamomet measur equip accuraci equip ident road test procedur instal vehicl test dynamomet adjust tyre pressur cold drive wheel requir dynamomet adjust equival inertia dynamomet bring vehicl dynamomet oper temperatur suitabl manner carri oper except replac formula set adjust brake meet requir annex iii torqu measur method constant speed road measur equip error torqu measur carri measur devic accur speed measur accur test procedur bring vehicl chosen stabil speed record torqu speed period second mean class instrument meet iso standard differ torqu speed rel time exce measur period torqu averag torqu deriv formula gt pic file quot quot gt carri test opposit direct ct determin averag torqu ct ct ct dynamomet measur equip error equip ident road test procedur perform oper perform oper adjust brake set meet requir annex iii integr torqu variabl drive pattern method obligatori complement constant speed method gt pic file quot quot gt actual torqu valu respect time oper test vehicl defin drive cycl integr torqu divid time differ result gt pic file quot quot gt dynamomet set gt pic file quot quot gt brake set adjust valu equal note method dynamomet electr inertia simul fine adjust accept criteria standard deviat measur method deceler measur gyroscop platform road measur equip error speed measur error lower deceler measur error lower slope road measur error lower time measur error lower level vehicl measur refer horizont ground altern gt pic file quot quot gt test procedur acceler vehicl speed km greater chosen test speed record deceler km km calcul averag deceler attribut speed formula gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt calcul averag gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt dynamomet method measur equip error measur instrument dynamomet defin section appendix annex test procedur adjust forc rim steadi speed chassi dynamomet total resist type ftotal findic fdrive axl roll ftotal froad findic froad fdrive axl roll findic forc forc indic devic chassi dynamomet froad fdrive axl roll measur chassi dynamomet work motor test vehicl gearbox neutral posit driven chassi dynamomet test speed roll resist drive axl measur forc indic devic chassi dynamomet determin chassi dynamomet unabl work motor roller chassi dynamomet rr determin road singl roller chassi dynamomet rr determin road multipli coeffici equal ratio drive axl mass vehicl total mass note rr obtain curv appendix verif inertia mechan object method appendix make check simul total inertia dynamomet carri satisfactorili run phase oper cycl principl draw work equat dynamomet subject variat rotat speed roller forc surfac roller express formula gt pic file quot quot gt note explan formula refer dynamomet mechan simul inertia append total inertia express gt pic file quot quot gt total inertia determin acceler deceler test valu higher equal obtain oper cycl specif calcul total inertia test calcul method make determin total inertia rel error gt pic file quot quot gt specif mass simul total inertia remain theoret equival inertia annex iii limit theoret instantan theoret averag calcul sequenc cycl limit brought start vehicl manual transmiss second gear verif procedur verif carri test cycl defin annex iii requir section met instantan acceler time greater smaller valu obtain sequenc theoret cycl verif technic note explan draw work equat equilibrium forc road gt pic file quot quot gt equilibrium forc dynamomet mechan simul inertia gt pic file quot quot gt equilibrium forc dynamomet mechan simul inertia gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt appendix descript tailpip emiss sampl system introduct type sampl devic capabl meet requir set section annex iii devic deem accept satisfi main criteria relat variabl dilut principl commun laboratori mention system sampl perform test criteria relat variabl dilut system measur exhaust ga emiss scope section specifi oper characterist exhaust ga sampl system intend measur true mass emiss vehicl exhaust accord provis direct principl variabl dilut sampl measur mass emiss requir condit satisfi vehicl exhaust gase continu dilut ambient air condit total volum mixtur exhaust gase dilut air measur accur continu proport sampl dilut exhaust gase dilut air collect analysi quantiti gaseou pollut emit determin proport sampl concentr total volum measur test sampl concentr correct account pollut content ambient air addit vehicl equip compressionignit engin particul emiss plot technic summari figur iii schemat diagram sampl system vehicl exhaust gase dilut suffici amount ambient air prevent water condens sampl measur system exhaust ga sampl system design make measur averag volum concentr hc nox addit case vehicl equip compress ignit engin particul emiss contain exhaust gase emit vehicl test cycl mixtur air exhaust gase homogen point sampl probe locat probe extract repres sampl dilut gase system make measur total volum dilut exhaust gase vehicl test gt pic file quot quot gt sampl system ga tight design variabl dilut sampl system materi make affect pollut concentr dilut exhaust gase compon system heat exchang cyclon separ blower chang concentr pollut dilut exhaust gase fault correct sampl pollut carri compon vehicl test equip exhaust system compris tailpip connect tube connect manifold instal vehicl ga sampl collect sampl bag adequ capac hinder ga flow sampl period bag made materi affect concentr pollut gase variabl dilut system design enabl exhaust gase sampl appreci chang back pressur exhaust pipe outlet specif requir exhaust ga collect dilut devic connect tube vehicl exhaust tailpip mix chamber short case static pressur exhaust tailpip vehicl test differ kpa km kpa durat test static pressur record connect vehicl tailpip pressur measur exhaust tailpip extens diamet end pipe chang natur exhaust ga mix chamber vehicl exhaust gase dilut air mix produc homogen mixtur chamber outlet homogen mixtur cross section locat sampl probe vari averag valu obtain point locat equal interv diamet ga stream order minim effect condit exhaust tailpip limit drop pressur insid dilut air condit devic pressur insid mix chamber differ kpa atmospher pressur suction devic volum measur devic devic rang fix speed ensur suffici flow prevent water condens result gener obtain keep concentr dilut exhaust ga sampl bag lower volum volum measur volum measur devic retain calibr accuraci oper condit devic compens variat temperatur mixtur exhaust gase dilut air measur point heat exchang maintain temperatur oper temperatur cyclon separ protect volum measur devic temperatur sensor instal immedi volum measur devic temperatur sensor accuraci precis respons time temperatur variat measur silicon oil pressur measur precis accuraci kpa test measur pressur differ atmospher pressur volum measur devic ga sampl dilut exhaust gase sampl dilut exhaust gase suction devic condit devic flow rate deviat averag sampl rate fall litr minut exce flow rate dilut exhaust gase equival limit appli constant mass sampl system dilut air sampl dilut air constant flow rate ambient air inlet filter fit air contamin exhaust gase mix area sampl rate dilut air compar case dilut exhaust gase sampl oper materi sampl oper chang pollut concentr filter order extract solid particl sampl pump requir order convei sampl sampl bag flow control valv flow meter need order obtain flow rate requir sampl quick fasten ga tight connect valv sampl bag connect seal automat bag side system convei sampl analyz stop valv valv direct sampl gase quick adjust quick act type storag sampl ga sampl collect sampl bag adequ capac reduc sampl rate bag made materi chang concentr synthet pollut gase minut addit sampl unit test vehicl equip compress ignit engin departur take ga sampl vehicl equip spark ignit engin hydrocarbon particul sampl point locat dilut tunnel order reduc heat loss exhaust gase exhaust tail pipe dilut tunnel inlet pipe long long heat insul intern diamet exce mm gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt consist straight tube electr conduct materi order guarante dilut exhaust ga homogen sampl point sampl consist repres gase particul dilut tunnel mm diamet system earth particul sampl system consist sampl probe dilut tunnel seri mount filter quick act valv locat downstream filter direct flow configur sampl probe figur iii particul sampl probe arrang instal vicin tunnel centrelin roughli tunnel diamet downstream ga inlet intern diamet mm distanc sampl tip filter mount probe diamet exce mm sampl ga flow measur unit consist pump ga flow regul flow measur unit hydrocarbon sampl system consist heat sampl probe line filter pump sampl probe instal distanc exhaust ga inlet particul sampl probe interfer sampl minimum intern diamet mm heat part maintain temperatur heat system compens variat flow rate heat exchang temperatur control devic ensur flow rate system constant sampl rate proport descript devic variabl dilut devic posit displac pump pdp cv figur iii posit displac pump constant volum sampler pdp cv satisfi requir annex meter constant temperatur pressur pump total volum measur count revolut made calibr posit displac pump proport sampl achiev sampl pump flow meter flow control valv constant flow rate figur iii schemat draw sampl system configur produc accur result exact conform draw essenti addit compon instrument valv solenoid switch provid addit inform coordin function compon system collect equip consist filter dilut air preheat filter consist activ charcoal sandwich layer paper reduc stabil hydrocarbon concentr ambient emiss dilut air mix chamber exhaust ga air mix homogen gt pic file quot quot gt heat exchang capac suffici ensur test temperatur air exhaust ga mixtur measur point immedi upstream posit displac pump design oper temperatur devic affect pollut concentr dilut gase analysi temperatur control system tc preheat heat exchang test control temperatur test deviat design oper temperatur limit posit displac pump pdp transport constant volum flow air exhaust ga mixtur flow capac pump larg elimin water condens system oper condit occur test gener ensur posit displac pump flow capac high maximum flow exhaust ga produc acceler drive cycl suffici ensur concentr dilut exhaust sampl bag volum temperatur sensor accuraci precis fit point immedi upstream posit displac pump design monitor continu temperatur dilut exhaust ga mixtur test pressur gaug accuraci precis kpa fit immedi upstream volum meter regist pressur gradient ga mixtur ambient air pressur gaug accuraci precis kpa fit pressur pump inlet pump outlet regist sampl outlet take constant sampl dilut air dilut exhaust ga air mixtur filter extract solid particl flow ga collect analysi pump collect constant flow dilut air dilut exhaust ga air mixtur test flow control ensur constant uniform flow ga sampl test sampl probe flow ga sampl end gt pic file quot quot gt flow meter fl adjust monitor constant flow ga sampl test quick act valv divert constant flow ga sampl sampl bag vent ga tight quick lock coupl element quick act valv sampl bag coupl close automat sampl bag side altern wai transport sampl analyz stopcock instanc bag collect sampl dilut exhaust ga dilut air test suffici capac imped sampl flow bag materi affect measur chemic composit ga sampl instanc lamin polyethylen polyamid film fluorin polyhydrocarbon digit counter regist number revolut perform posit displac pump test addit equip requir test diesel engin vehicl compli requir annex iii addit compon dot line figur iii test diesel engin vehicl gt pic file quot quot gt particul sampl system gt pic file quot quot gt critic flow venturi dilut devic cfv cv figur iii critic flow venturi connect cv sampl procedur base principl flow mechan critic flow variabl mixtur flow rate dilut exhaust ga maintain sonic veloc directli proport squar root ga temperatur flow continu monitor comput integr test addit critic flow sampl venturi proportion ga sampl ensur pressur temperatur equal venturi inlet volum ga flow divert sampl proport total volum dilut exhaust ga mixtur produc requir annex met figur iii schemat draw sampl system configur produc accur result exact conform draw essenti addit compon instrument valv solenoid switch provid addit inform coordin function compon system collect equip consist filter dilut air preheat filter consist activ charcoal sandwich layer paper reduc stabil hydrocarbon background emiss dilut air mix chamber exhaust ga air mix homogen cyclon separ cs extract particl sampl probe take sampl dilut air dilut exhaust ga air mixtur sampl critic flow venturi sv proport sampl dilut exhaust ga sampl probe filter extract solid particl ga flow divert analysi pump collect part flow air dilut exhaust ga bag test flow control ensur constant flow ga sampl test sampl probe flow ga sampl end test quantiti sampl suffici analysi litr minut snubber ps sampl line gt pic file quot quot gt flow meter fl adjust monitor flow ga sampl test quick act solenoid valv divert constant flow ga sampl sampl bag vent ga tight quick lock coupl element quick act valv sampl bag coupl close automat sampl bag side altern wai transport sampl analyz stopcock instanc bag collect sampl dilut exhaust ga dilut air test suffici capac imped sampl flow bag materi affect measur chemic composit ga sampl instanc lamin polyethylen polyamid film fluorin polyhydrocarbon pressur gaug precis accur kpa temperatur sensor precis accur respons time second temperatur chang measur silicon oil measur critic flow venturi tube mv measur flow volum dilut exhaust ga blower bl suffici capac handl total volum dilut exhaust ga capac cfv cv system oper condit possibl occur test condens water gener ensur blower capac high maximum flow exhaust ga produc acceler drive cycl suffici ensur concentr dilut exhaust sampl bag volum addit equip requir test diesel engin vehicl compli requir annex iii addit compon shown dot line figur iii test diesel engin vehicl gt pic file quot quot gt heat compon maintain compens vari flow heat exchang temperatur control system tc requir ensur constant flow venturi mv proport flow particul sampl system gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt variabl dilut devic constant flow control orific cfo cv figur iii spark ignit engin vehicl collect equip consist sampl tube connect vehicl exhaust pipe devic sampl devic consist pump devic draw dilut mixtur exhaust ga air mix chamber exhaust ga air mix homogen heat exchang capac suffici ensur test temperatur air exhaust ga mixtur measur point immedi posit displac flow rate measur devic design oper temperatur devic alter pollut concentr dilut gase analysi condit satisfi pollut sampl effect cyclon consid pollut devic temperatur control tc preheat heat exchang test temperatur test probe sampl mean pump flow meter fl filter allow collect solid particl gase analysi pump dilut air dilut mixtur volum meter orific temperatur censor accuraci precis fit point immedi volum measur devic design monitor continu temperatur dilut exhaust ga mixtur test pressur gaug accuraci precis kpa fit immedi volum meter regist pressur gradient ga mixtur ambient air pressur gaug accuraci precis kpa fit differenti pressur pump inlet pump outlet regist flow control ensur constant uniform flow ga sampl test sampl outlet flow ga sampl end test quantiti sampl suffici analysi litr minut flow meter fl adjust monitor constant flow ga sampl test valv divert constant flow ga sampl sampl bag vent ga tight quick lock coupl element valv sampl bag coupl close automat sampl bag side wai transport sampl analyz stopcock instanc gt pic file quot quot gt bag collect sampl dilut exhaust ga dilut air test suffici capac imped sampl flow bag materi affect measur chemic composit ga sampl instanc lamin polyethylen polyamid film fluorin polyhydrocarbon appendix method calibr equip establish calibr curv oper rang calibr accord requir annex iii procedur analyz calibr curv establish calibr point space uniformli nomin concentr calibr ga highest concentr full scale calibr curv calcul squar method result polynomi degre greater number calibr point equal polynomi degre calibr curv differ nomin calibr ga trace calibr curv trace calibr curv calibr point verifi calibr carri correctli characterist paramet analyz scale sensit point date carri calibr shown satisfact technic servic altern technolog comput electron control rang switch give equival accuraci altern verif calibr oper rang check prior analysi accord calibr check ga span ga nomin suppos analyz point consid found differ full scale theoret adjust paramet modifi case calibr curv establish accord section test ga span ga check analysi consid accept differ measur result check fid hydrocarbon respons detector respons optim fid adjust instrument manufactur propan air optim respons common oper rang calibr hc analyz analyz calibr propan air purifi synthet air section annex iii calibr span gase establish calibr curv section appendix respons factor hydrocarbon recommend limit respons factor rf hydrocarbon speci ratio fid read ga cylind concentr express ppm concentr test ga level give respons approxim full scale deflect oper rang concentr accuraci refer gravimetr standard express volum addit ga cylind pre condit hour temperatur respons factor determin introduc analyz servic major servic interv test gase recommend respons factor methan purifi air propylen purifi air toluen purifi air rel respons factor rf propan purifi air oxygen interfer check recommend limit respons factor determin test ga recommend respons factor rang gt pic file quot quot gt effici test nox convert effici convert convers test test set shown figur iii procedur effici convert test mean ozon calibr cla common oper rang manufactur specif span ga content amount oper rang concentr ga mixtur concentr nox analyz mode span ga pass convert record concentr fit oxygen synthet air ad continu ga flow concentr calibr concentr record concentr ozon deactiv process ozon activ gener ozon bring concentr minimum calibr concentr record concentr nox analyz switch nox mode mean ga mixtur consist pass convert record concentr ozon deactiv mixtur gase pass convert detector record concentr ozon deactiv flow oxygen synthet air shut nox read analyz figur effici nox convert calcul gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt effici convert effici convert test week calibr cv system cv system calibr accur flow meter restrict devic flow system measur pressur read control paramet system measur relat flow type flow meter calibr venturi laminar flow meter calibr turbinemet provid dynam measur system meet requir section annex iii section give detail method calibr pdp cfv unit laminar flow meter requir accuraci statist check calibr valid calibr posit displac pump pdp calibr procedur outlin equip test configur paramet measur establish flow rate cv pump paramet relat pump simultan measur paramet relat flow meter connect seri pump calcul flow rate min pump inlet absolut pressur temperatur plot versu correl function specif combin pump paramet linear equat relat pump flow correl function determin event cv multipl speed drive calibr rang perform calibr procedur base measur absolut valu pump flow meter paramet relat flow rate point condit maintain ensur accuraci integr calibr curv pump pressur measur tap pump extern pipe pump inlet outlet pressur tap mount top centr bottom centr pump drive headplat expos actual pump caviti pressur reflect absolut pressur differenti temperatur stabil maintain calibr laminar flow meter sensit inlet temperatur oscil data point scatter gradual temperatur accept long occur period minut connect flow meter cv pump free leakag exhaust emiss test measur pump paramet enabl user calcul flow rate calibr equat figur iii appendix show test set variat permiss provid approv author grant approv compar accuraci set shown figur iii appendix data found limit precis gt pic file quot quot gt system connect shown figur iii set variabl restrictor wide open posit run cv pump minut start calibr reset restrictor valv restrict condit increment pump inlet depress kpa yield minimum data point total calibr system stabil minut repeat data acquisit gt pic file quot quot gt data analysi air flow rate qs test point calcul standard min flow meter data manufactur prescrib method air flow rate convert pump flow vo rev absolut pump inlet temperatur pressur gt pic file quot quot gt compens interact pump speed pressur variat pump pump slip rate correl function xo pump speed pressur differenti pump inlet pump outlet absolut pump outlet pressur calcul gt pic file quot quot gt slope intercept constant describ line cv system multipl speed calibr speed calibr curv gener rang approxim parallel intercept valu increas pump flow rang decreas calibr perform carefulli calcul valu equat measur vo valu vari pump calibr perform pump start major mainten calibr critic flow venturi cfv calibr cfv base flow equat critic venturi gt pic file quot quot gt ga flow function inlet pressur temperatur calibr procedur establish calibr coeffici measur valu pressur temperatur air flow manufactur recommend procedur calibr electron portion cfv measur flow calibr critic flow venturi requir data found limit precis gt pic file quot quot gt equip set shown figur iii check leak leak flow measur devic critic flow venturi affect accuraci calibr gt pic file quot quot gt variabl flow restrictor set open posit blower start system stabil data instrument record flow restrictor vari read critic flow rang venturi made data record calibr calcul air flow rate qs test point calcul flow meter data manufactur prescrib method calcul valu calibr coeffici test point gt pic file quot quot gt plot kv function venturi inlet pressur sonic flow kv constant pressur decreas vacuum increas venturi unchok kv decreas result kv permiss minimum point critic region calcul averag kv standard deviat standard deviat exce averag kv correct action appendix total system verif compli requir section annex iii total accuraci cv sampl system analyt system determin introduc mass pollut ga system whilst oper normal test analyz calcul pollut mass formula appendix annex densiti propan gram litr standard condit techniqu give suffici accuraci meter constant flow pure ga critic flow orific devic quantiti pure ga fed cv system calibr critic orific inlet pressur high flow rate adjust mean critic flow orific independ orific outlet pressur critic flow deviat exceed occur malfunct locat determin cv system oper exhaust emiss test minut ga collect sampl bag analyz usual equip result compar concentr ga sampl meter limit quantiti pure ga mean gravimetr techniqu gravimetr procedur verifi cv system weight small cylind fill carbon monoxid propan determin precis gram minut cv system oper normal exhaust emiss test propan inject system quantiti pure ga involv determin mean differenti weight ga accumul bag analyz mean equip exhaust ga analysi result compar concentr figur comput previous appendix calcul emiss pollut gener emiss gaseou pollut calcul mean equat gt pic file quot quot gt volum determin calcul volum variabl dilut devic constant flow control orific venturi record continu paramet show volumetr flow calcul total volum durat test calcul volum posit displac pump volum dilut exhaust ga system compris posit displac pump calcul formula vo volum dilut exhaust ga express litr test prior correct vo volum ga deliv posit displac pump test condit litr revolut number revolut test correct dilut exhaust ga volum standard condit dilut exhaust ga volum correct mean formula gt pic file quot quot gt calcul correct concentr pollut sampl bag gt pic file quot quot gt determin humid correct factor order correct influenc humid result oxid nitrogen calcul appli gt pic file quot quot gt data ambient condit ambient temperatur barometr pressur pb kpa rel humid ra satur vapour pressur pd kpa volum measur reduc standard condit paragraph analyz read gt pic file quot quot gt calcul humid correct factor kh formula gt pic file quot quot gt dilut factor df formula gt pic file quot quot gt calcul correct concentr pollut sampl bag hc mass emiss formula gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt special provis relat vehicl equip compress ignit engin hc measur compress ignit engin averag hc concentr determin hc mass emiss compress ignit engin calcul aid formula gt pic file quot quot gt determin particul particul emiss mp km calcul mean equat gt pic file quot quot gt exhaust gase vent tunnel gt pic file quot quot gt exhaust gase return tunnel gt pic file quot quot gt annex iv type ii test carbon monoxid emiss test idl speed introduct annex describ procedur type ii test defin annex condit measur fuel refer fuel specif annex viii type ii test carri immedi fourth elementari cycl part type test engin idl speed cold start devic immedi measur carbon monoxid content elementari urban cycl part annex iii carri case vehicl manual oper semi automat shift gearbox test carri gear lever quot neutral quot posit clutch engag case vehicl automat gear box test carri gear selector quot neutral quot quot park quot posit compon adjust idl speed definit purpos direct quot compon adjust idl speed quot mean control chang idl condit engin easili oper mechan tool devic calibr fuel air flow consid adjust compon set requir remov set stop oper perform profession mechan tool control compon adjust idl speed screwdriv ordinari cross head spanner ring open end adjust plier allen kei determin measur point measur set type test perform adjust compon continu variat suffici number characterist posit determin measur carbon monoxid content exhaust gase carri posit adjust compon compon continu variat posit defin adopt type ii test consid satisfactori condit met valu measur accord exce limit valu maximum content obtain continu vari adjust compon compon stabl exce limit condit met combin adjust compon vari continu posit adjust compon limit hand larger valu lowest idl speed engin reach speed recommend manufactur minu revolut minut hand smallest valu highest speed engin attain activ idl speed compon speed recommend manufactur revolut minut cut speed automat clutch addit set incompat correct run engin adopt measur set engin equip carburettor carburettor set sampl gase sampl probe pipe connect exhaust sampl bag close exhaust concentr cco cco determin measur instrument read record calibr curv correct concentr carbon monoxid stroke engin gt pic file quot quot gt concentr cco measur formula contain correct total concentr measur cco cco stroke engin annex type iii test verifi emiss crankcas gase introduct annex describ procedur type iii test defin section annex gener provis test iii carri vehicl gasolin fuell engin subject type type ii test engin test includ leak proof engin design slight leak unaccept oper fault flat twin engin test condit idl regul conform manufactur recommend measur perform set condit engin oper gt pic file quot quot gt test method oper condit list reliabl function crankcas ventil system check method verif crankcas ventil system refer figur engin apertur left found pressur crankcas measur locat measur dipstick hole inclin tube manomet vehicl deem satisfactori condit measur defin pressur measur crankcas exce atmospher pressur prevail time measur test method pressur intak manifold measur kpa vehicl speed dynamomet measur km pressur measur crankcas measur kpa condit measur defin pressur measur crankcas exce atmospher pressur addit test defin section perform request manufactur addit test method engin apertur left found flexibl bag impervi crankcas gase capac approxim litr connect dipstick hole bag empti measur bag close measur open crankcas minut condit measur prescrib vehicl deem satisfactori condit measur defin visibl inflat bag occur remark structur layout engin test perform method section measur effect method modifi test apertur requir recoveri gase close bag suitabl introduc addit loss pressur instal recycl circuit devic directli engin connect apertur gt pic file quot quot gt annex vi type iv test determin evapor emiss vehicl spark ignit engin introduct annex describ procedur type iv test section annex procedur describ method determin loss hydrocarbon evapor fuel system vehicl spark ignit engin descript test evapor emiss test figur vi consist phase test prepar tank breath loss determin urban part extra urban part drive cycl hot soak loss determin mass emiss hydrocarbon tank breath loss hot soak loss phase sum provid result test vehicl fuel vehicl vehicl good mechan condit run driven km test evapor emiss control system connect function correctli period carbon canist subject normal undergo abnorm purg abnorm load fuel refer fuel defin annex viii direct test equip chassi dynamomet chassi dynamomet meet requir annex iii evapor emiss measur enclosur evapor emiss measur enclosur ga tight rectangular measur chamber vehicl test vehicl access side enclosur seal ga tight accord appendix surfac enclosur imperm hydrocarbon surfac incorpor flexibl imperm materi equilibr pressur result small temperatur wall design promot good dissip heat temperatur wall drop point test gt pic file quot quot gt analyt system hydrocarbon analyz atmospher chamber monitor hydrocarbon detector flame ioniz detector fid type sampl ga drawn midpoint side wall roof chamber bypass flow return enclosur prefer point immedi downstream mix fan hydrocarbon analyz respons time final read second stabil full scale full scale minut period oper rang repeat analyz express standard deviat full scale deflect full scale rang oper rang analyz chosen give resolut measur calibr leak check procedur hydrocarbon analyz data record system hydrocarbon analyz fit devic record electr signal output strip chart record data process system frequenc minut record system oper characterist equival signal record provid perman record result record show posit indic begin end fuel tank heat hot soak period time elaps start complet test fuel tank heat fuel vehicl tank heat control sourc heat heat pad capac suitabl heat system appli heat evenli tank wall beneath level fuel local overh fuel heat appli vapour tank fuel tank heat devic make evenli heat fuel tank minut temperatur sensor posit section heat system capabl control fuel temperatur requir temperatur tank heat process temperatur record temperatur chamber record point temperatur sensor connect show measur point extend approxim enclosur vertic centr line side wall height temperatur fuel tank record mean sensor posit fuel tank temperatur evapor emiss measur record enter data process system frequenc minut accuraci temperatur record system temperatur capabl resolv record data process system capabl resolv time second fan fan blower shed door open reduc hydrocarbon concentr chamber ambient hydrocarbon level chamber fan blower capac mix atmospher enclosur attain temperatur hydrocarbon concentr chamber measur vehicl enclosur subject direct stream air fan blower gase pure gase calibr oper gt pic file quot quot gt hydrocarbon analyz fuel ga hydrogen balanc helium ppm equival hydrocarbon ppm propan minimum puriti calibr span gase mixtur propan purifi synthet air true concentr calibr ga state figur accuraci dilut gase obtain ga divid true concentr appendix obtain ga divid synthet air diluent ga addit equip absolut humid test area measur pressur test area measur kpa test procedur test prepar vehicl mechan prepar test exhaust system vehicl exhibit leak vehicl steam clean test fuel tank vehicl equip temperatur sensor enabl temperatur measur midpoint fuel fuel tank fill capac addit fit adaptor devic fit complet drain fuel tank vehicl test area ambient temperatur canist vehicl purg minut drive car km dynamomet set prescrib annex iii appendix pass air room temperatur humid canist flow rate ident actual air flow canist oper car km canist subsequ load diurnal emiss test fuel tank vehicl empti fuel tank drain provid abnorm purg abnorm load evapor control devic fit vehicl remov fuel cap suffici achiev fuel tank refil test fuel temperatur normal fuel capac vehicl fuel cap replac point case vehicl fit fuel tank tank heat temperatur tank ident fuel artifici heat start temperatur fuel reach temperatur fuel tank seal temperatur fuel tank reach linear heat build period minut begin temperatur fuel heat conform function tr tr requir temperatur initi temperatur tank time start tank heat build minut elaps time heat build temperatur rise record period hour oper fuel drain fill begin hour end tank heat period fuel tank heat oper begin complet record temperatur rise elaps time heat build hour end tank heat build vehicl chassi dynamomet driven part part drive cycl exhaust emiss sampl oper minut complet precondit oper engin bonnet complet close vehicl driven chassi dynamomet park soak area vehicl park minimum hour maximum hour engin oil coolant temperatur reach temperatur area end period tank breath evapor emiss test oper begin hour hour precondit drive cycl measur chamber purg minut immedi test stabl background obtain chamber mix fan switch time hydrocarbon analyz zero span immedi test fuel tank empti refil test fuel temperatur tank normal volumetr capac fuel cap vehicl fit point case vehicl fit fuel tank tank heat temperatur tank ident test vehicl brought test enclosur engin switch window luggag compart open fuel tank sensor fuel tank heat devic connect immedi begin record fuel temperatur air temperatur enclosur purg fan oper switch time fuel artifici heat start temperatur fuel temperatur reach fuel tank seal chamber seal ga tight fuel reach temperatur hydrocarbon concentr barometr pressur temperatur measur give initi read chc pi ti tank heat build test linear heat build period minut begin temperatur fuel heat conform function tr tr requir temperatur initi temperatur tank time start tank heat build minut hydrocarbon analyz zero span immedi end test temperatur risen minut period test final hydrocarbon concentr enclosur measur chc time elaps time final temperatur barometr pressur tf pf hot soak record heat sourc turn enclosur door unseal open heat devic temperatur sensor disconnect enclosur apparatu vehicl door luggag compart close vehicl remov enclosur engin switch vehicl prepar subsequ drive cycl hot soak evapor emiss test cold start test follow tank breath test period hour regulatori author design vehicl fuel system loss atmospher point case engin analysi carri satisfact regulatori author establish vapour vent carbon canist vapour adequ purg vehicl oper drive cycl determin evapor emiss conclud measur hydrocarbon emiss minut hot soak period urban extra urban drive cycl tank breath loss test vehicl push manoeuvr chassi dynamomet engin switch driven cold start urban extra urban test annex iii exhaust emiss sampl oper result purpos exhaust emiss type approv hot soak evapor emiss test complet test run measur chamber purg minut stabl hydrocarbon background obtain enclosur mix fan turn time hydrocarbon analyz zero span immedi prior test end drive cycl engin bonnet complet close connect vehicl test stand disconnect vehicl driven measur chamber minimum acceler pedal engin turn part vehicl enter measur chamber time engin switch record evapor emiss measur data record system temperatur record begin vehicl window luggag compart open stage open vehicl push move measur chamber engin switch enclosur door close seal ga tight minut engin switch minut end drive cycl start minut hot soak period begin chamber seal hydrocarbon concentr temperatur barometr pressur measur give initi read chc pi ti hot soak test figur evapor emiss calcul section ambient shed temperatur minut hot soak period hydrocarbon analyz zero span immedi end minut test period end minut test period measur hydrocarbon concentr chamber temperatur barometr pressur measur final read chc pf tf hot soak test calcul section complet evapor emiss test procedur calcul evapor emiss test section hydrocarbon emiss tank breath hot soak phase calcul evapor loss phase calcul initi final hydrocarbon concentr temperatur pressur enclosur net enclosur volum formula gt pic file quot quot gt result test hydrocarbon mass emiss vehicl mtotal mth mh mtotal mass emiss vehicl gram mth hydrocarbon mass emiss tank heat build gram mh hydrocarbon mass emiss hot soak gram conform product routin end product line test holder approv demonstr complianc sampl vehicl meet requir test leakag vent atmospher emiss control system isol pressur mm appli fuel system pressur allow stabil prior isol fuel system pressur sourc isol fuel system pressur drop mm minut test vent vent atmospher emiss control isol pressur mm appli fuel system pressur allow stabil prior isol fuel system pressur sourc vent outlet emiss control system atmospher reinstat product condit pressur fuel system drop mm second minut purg test equip capabl detect airflow rate litr minut attach purg inlet pressur vessel suffici size neglig effect purg system connect switch valv purg inlet altern manufactur flow meter choic accept compet author vehicl oper manner design featur purg system restrict purg oper detect circumst note whilst engin oper bound note air flow determin devic switch pressur drop atmospher level indic volum litr air flow evapor emiss control system minut observ altern flow measur devic read litr minut detect compet author grant type approv time verifi conform control method applic product unit inspector suffici larg sampl seri inspector test vehicl applic annex pursuanc section annex vehicl test result fall agre limit section annex manufactur request approv procedur refer annex appli manufactur allow adjust repair modifi vehicl fail compli requir section annex work document manufactur vehicl assembl inspect procedur manufactur request singl test vehicl evapor emiss characterist chang due action requir met compet author ensur step establish conform product rapidli appendix calibr equip evapor emiss test calibr frequenc method equip calibr initi calibr case month type approv test calibr method appendix calibr enclosur initi determin enclosur intern volum initi intern volum chamber determin intern dimens chamber carefulli measur allow irregular brace strut intern volum chamber determin measur net intern volum determin subtract intern volum chamber altern volum test vehicl luggag compart window open chamber check item propan mass agre inject mass correct action requir determin chamber background emiss oper determin chamber materi emit signific amount hydrocarbon check carri enclosur introduct servic oper enclosur affect background emiss frequenc year calibr analyz requir span purg enclosur stabl hydrocarbon read obtain mix fan turn seal chamber measur background hydrocarbon concentr temperatur barometr pressur initi read chc pi ti enclosur background calcul enclosur allow stand undisturb mix fan period hour end time analyz measur hydrocarbon concentr chamber temperatur barometr pressur measur final read chc pf tf calcul chang mass hydrocarbon enclosur time test section background emiss enclosur exce calibr hydrocarbon retent test chamber calibr hydrocarbon retent test chamber check calcul volum measur leak rate purg enclosur stabl hydrocarbon concentr reach turn mix fan switch hydrocarbon analyz zero calibr requir span seal enclosur measur background concentr temperatur barometr pressur initi read chci pi ti enclosur calibr inject quantiti approxim gram propan enclosur mass propan measur accuraci precis measur content chamber mix minut measur hydrocarbon concentr temperatur barometr pressur final read chc tf pf calibr enclosur read formula calcul mass propan enclosur mass propan measur content chamber mix minimum hour end period measur record final hydrocarbon concentr temperatur barometr pressur calcul formula hydrocarbon mass read mass differ hydrocarbon mass calcul calcul net hydrocarbon mass chang enclosur determin chamber hydrocarbon background leak rate initi final read hydrocarbon concentr temperatur barometr pressur formula calcul mass chang gt pic file quot quot gt check fid hydrocarbon analyz detector respons optim fid adjust instrument manufactur propan air optim respons common oper rang calibr hc analyz analyz calibr propan air purifi synthet air section annex iii calibr span gase establish calibr curv section appendix oxygen interfer check recommend limit respons factor rf hydrocarbon speci ratio fid read ga cylind concentr express ppm concentr test ga level give respons approxim full scale deflect oper rang concentr accuraci refer gravimetr standard express volum addit ga cylind precondit hour temperatur respons factor determin introduc analyz servic major servic interv refer ga propan balanc purifi air give respons factor test ga oxygen interfer recommend respons factor rang gt pic file quot quot gt calibr hydrocarbon analyz oper rang calibr procedur establish calibr curv calibr point space evenli oper rang nomin concentr calibr ga highest concentr full scale calcul calibr curv method squar result polynomin degre greater number calibr point number polynomin degre calibr curv differ nomin calibr ga coeffici polynomin deriv tabl read true concentr drawn step greater full scale carri analyz rang calibr tabl relev data date calibr span potentiomet read applic nomin scale refer data calibr ga actual calibr ga percentag differ fid fuel type fid air pressur shown satisfact regulatori agenc altern technolog comput electron control rang switch give equival accuraci altern annex vii descript ag test verifi durabl anti pollut devic introduct annex test verifi durabl anti pollut devic equip vehicl posit ignit compress ignit engin ag test km test vehicl vehicl good mechan order engin anti pollut devic vehicl present type test type test vehicl run km ag cycl section fuel durabl test conduct commerci unlead petrol diesel fuel vehicl mainten adjust mainten adjust test vehicl control recommend manufactur vehicl oper track road chassi dynamomet oper cycl oper track road roller test bench distanc cover drive schedul figur vii durabl test schedul compos cycl cover kilometr cycl vehicl stop time middl cycl engin idl time second normal acceler deceler deceler middl cycl drop cycl speed km vehicl gradual acceler cycl speed attain cycl carri steadi speed km cycl begin maximum acceler stop point km half brake emploi vehicl stop idl period second maximum acceler schedul restart begin maximum speed cycl tabl gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt request manufactur altern road test schedul altern test schedul approv technic servic advanc test substanci averag speed distribut speed number stop kilometr number acceler kilometr drive schedul track roller test bench detail figur vii durabl test manufactur chosen modifi durabl test conduct vehicl cover minimum km test equip chassi dynamomet durabl test perform chassi dynamomet dynamomet enabl cycl carri equip system simul inertia resist progress brake adjust order absorb power exert drive wheel steadi speed km method appli determin power adjust brake appendix annex iii vehicl cool system enabl vehicl oper temperatur similar obtain road oil water exhaust system test bench adjust featur deem ident annex iii direct inertia mechan electron vehicl move bench order conduct emiss measur test oper track road durabl test complet track road vehicl refer mass equal retain test conduct chassi dynamomet measur emiss pollut start test km km km frequent regular interv cover km tailpip emiss measur accord type test defin annex section limit valu compli laid section annex tailpip emiss measur accord provis annex section exhaust emiss result plot function run distanc system round nearest kilometr fit straight line fit method squar drawn data point calcul account test result km data accept calcul deterior factor interpol km km point line mention limit data accept fit straight line cross applic limit neg slope km interpol point higher km interpol point km actual data point limit multipl exhaust emiss deterior factor calcul pollut gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt interpol valu carri minimum place decim point divid determin deterior factor result round place decim point deterior factor deem equal annex viii specif refer fuel technic data refer fuel test vehicl equip posit ignit engin gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt technic data refer fuel test vehicl equip diesel engin gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt annex ix model maximum format mm gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt