commiss decis april measur implement edf firm paper industri notifi document number french text authent text eea relev ec commiss european commun regard treati establish european commun subparagraph articl thereof regard agreement european econom area articl thereof call interest parti submit comment pursuant provis procedur letter june regist june commiss receiv complaint preferenti term electricité de franc hereinaft quot edf quot appar suppli electr paper mill agre purchas electr infrar dry equip complain edf advantag absolut control french electr market endeavour influenc paper mill choic infrar technolog offer preferenti rate electr detriment system oper energi sourc natur ga letter date juli juli novemb decemb januari commiss ask french author detail inform reach commiss juli august novemb januari commiss complain summari inform letter date juli octob novemb novemb complain repli reach commiss octob novemb decemb februari septemb commiss decid initi procedur articl ec treati respect measur decis notifi french govern letter sg juli request french author submit comment month august letter date juli septemb octob decemb januari french author ask commiss publish inform contain decis initi procedur articl commiss repli letter date august octob octob decemb januari februari meet held septemb decemb french author withdrew request publish inform case partli reject public natur matter issu letter septemb regist septemb edf ask access file request reject letter septemb document request fell list except polici access document juli french author ask month extens deadlin repli request accept commiss august letter septemb regist septemb french author submit comment commiss notic interest parti submit observ measur question publish march offici journal european commun april deadlin notic interest parti submit observ letter date june june forward french author opportun comment letter commiss ask addit inform meet held letter june regist june french author suppli inform request detail descript measur introduct edf wholli control french state domin electr produc franc vertic integr monopoli law fact electr price fix edf approv financ ministri year edf announc consider unutilis capac initi estim overcapac absorb market recent modifi estim believ overcapac growth french economi buoyant expect order dispos surplu edf grant custom industri sector commerci hold extra consumpt result quot effici innovatori quot applic electr electr technolog industri sector enjoi benefit revers air condit radiant panel membran technolog cmb electrolysi high effici electr motor electron speed variat sector electr tube chemic ohmic heat chemic food glass induct metal work chemic infrar radiat techniqu paper textil food industri practic result electr suppli contract conclud examin commiss paper industri commerci polici conduct edf form quot commerci hold quot project aim encourag instal infrar dry equip edf grant subsidi condat cascad lancei gromel sibil stenai quot sibil quot paper mill recipi detail descript measur paper mill concern purchas dry equip edf advanc discount quantiti electr dryer mill estim life suppli contract year edf calcul discount order spread initi hold presum annual addit consumpt electr dryer lifetim suppli contract calcul account interest advanc question consumpt discount express present discount condat june octob april mill acquir electr infrar dry machin addit consumpt gwh year receiv edf total frf million eur million addit electr consumpt year frf million eur million form advanc frf million eur million form oper grant paid annual custom actual discount amount kwh eur kwh averag price kwh eur kwh present discount frf million eur million cascad april edf grant frf eur develop membran technolog aim recycl coat effluent involv addit annual consumpt gwh year real discount amount kwh eur kwh averag price kwh eur kwh present discount frf eur lancei march acquir electr infrar dry unit effluent treatment unit benefit commerci incent edf frf million eur million annual addit consumpt gwh year amount real discount kwh eur kwh averag price kwh eur kwh present discount frf million eur million gromel march edf grant hold frf eur electr dry unit annual addit consumpt gwh year real averag discount kwh eur kwh averag price kwh eur kwh present discount frf eur sibil instal electr dryer edf grant juli sum frf million eur million annual addit consumpt gwh ii april sum frf eur recondit iii april commerci incent frf eur addit consumpt gwh period year real averag discount amount kwh eur kwh averag price kwh eur kwh annual addit consumpt gwh present discount frf million eur million ir order financ develop infrar dry technolog edf grant infrarougesystem quot ir quot loan frf million eur million loan appar repaid year depend firm turnov franc abroad present loan frf million eur million present discount loan frf million eur million princip reason led decis initi procedur commiss decis initi procedur articl base suspect aid regard preferenti tariff grant paper mill commerci logic loan grant edf ir preferenti tariff paper mill commiss consid preferenti tariff caught ban artic ec treati meet condit grant state state resourc favour firm product good distort competit favour firm similar firm product member state product concern trade member state condit doubt fact paper mill benefit preferenti electr tariff tantamount grant advantag sight edf cover margin cost proport fix cost long term electr suppli contract concern gener account signific proport fix cost surplu capac edf grant price discount order compet competitor present french electr market custom lose offer discount lastli preferenti price grant paper mill concern appear discrimin electr consum compar situat loan grant edf ir detail inform view difficult financi posit ir doubt commerci logic loan grant edf observ interest parti public decis initi procedur articl ec treati respect aid question commiss receiv observ interest parti aid recipi cascad edf observ cascad cascad state equip sole ga infrar system firm solaron electr infrar equip edf influenc choic edf grant sum frf develop membran technolog aim recycl coat effluent discount question spread year lastli electr consumpt correspond motor pump feed instal cascad power penalis discrimin equip provid energi provid observ edf edf consid discount grant paper mill contract ir element state aid interpret articl propos commiss case discrimin public electr compani favour privat electr compani deni commerci freedom compani enjoi treati firstli edf maintain discount cover variabl cost substanti proport compani fix cost studi carri consult hagler bailli price offer edf addit consumpt paper mill link equip cover variabl cost averag fix cost order gaug real impact discount competit intra commun trade edf consid calcul relat averag price paid paper mill total energi consumpt site edf discount condat lancei sibil express percentag total site consumpt amount effect cost electr cost paper rang depend qualiti paper quot advantag quot discount repres term electr cost edf condat lancei sibil edf state agreement conclud ir constitut simpl loan kind partnership term agreement ir undertook develop electr infrar applic exchang edf made ir sum frf contribut develop commerci commun sum frf million repaid year basi ir annual turnov contract ir year repai turnov gener sale electr infrar equip downturn busi commit request edf pari commerci court issu interim order ir februari ir month pai debt make interim payment frf fail entir debt immedi payabl final edf point commiss interpret articl treati restrict commerci freedom public electr compani favour privat compani edf privat compani market behaviour challeng perfectli permiss comment franc french author repli commiss decis initi articl procedur letter date septemb june summaris letter septemb repli septemb initi procedur french author observ discount grant firm concern paper industri constitut state aid mean articl treati reason commerci strategi issu stem decis compani dictat measur decis incent origin fact edf wholli own french state ipso facto make state respons commerci measur limit scope question french author state electr compani public privat edf legitim commerci interest encourag develop technolog equip stimul demand electr creat outlet compani product discount addit consumpt call preferenti tariff french author constitut establish legitim commerci practic base object discriminatori criteria french author point price charg consumpt industri site concern calcul cover cover effect cost contract question commiss simpli calcul effect discount addit consumpt french author approach line principl market economi oper commiss establish oper market economi put edf posit make profit element commerci relationship industri consum case price issu relat addit consumpt french author maintain discount calcul arriv price cover variabl cost fix cost french author commerci practic set place last year benefici effect electr consumpt incent period fact life equip year mean extra electr consumpt revenu gener calcul longer period period discount grant regard overcapac french author confirm edf surplu energi nuclear sourc claim nera studi show edf knowingli arrang overcapac commerci polici custom allow absorb surplu carri price condit cover variabl cost larg proport fix cost stress discount appli discriminatori manner point tariff condit fundament background case question link electr intens natur industri activ concern exce energi cost account total cost paper manufactur paper industri electr intens sector french author commiss overestim import discount competit posit edf industri custom view effect discount averag price charg paper firm minim emphasis wrong maintain edf practic give commerci incent quot divert quot market natur ga electr equip attract option lastli french author end letter explain time negoti edf ir contract edf contrari expect increas electr consumpt result introduct infrar technolog industri sector ir activ sale electr infrar equip ir realis frf million french author prospect lead addit incom french author edf estim infrar equip total power mw instal industri franc edf annual electr consumpt gener equip gwh repres estim annual incom frf million paper industri infrar technolog gener consumpt gwh view number machin equip technolog edf estim pool consumpt access gwh repres estim potenti annual incom frf million letter june letter june commiss ask french author repli question decis initi procedur remain unansw number question aris observ made parti respons request french author suppli calcul sheet rate coverag fix cost addit consumpt result instal electr infrar dry equip calcul made endors independ consult hagler bailli addit consumpt gener infrar instal commerci term cover variabl cost averag fix cost point connect commerci incent introduc consumpt lead lower tariff increas sale make cover fix cost edf gener system directli benefit custom comparison tariff term case question french author state situat fact compar electr account cost manufactur final product paper industri account statist studi vdew base data suppli german statistisch bundesamt diw uniped electr account cost paper product similarli studi report sessi statist depart french econom ministri figur real percentag electr intens paper manufactur ten time lower figur put forward complain case real addit consumpt link oper dry machineri author explain measur specif discount calcul grant basi addit consumpt gener equip provid relev agreement letter french author confirm addit commerci incent frf sibil repaid regard loan ir french author maintain agreement conclud edf ir march fact contract provis servic loan agreement time contract sign ir manufactur capabl offer innovatori electr infrar dry equip basi edf market platform ir chosen provid servic edf want market segment electr infrar dry regard condat recipi aid french author confirm electr infrar machin instal compani fourth plan time instal end firm chose ga power infrar machin lastli french author explain differ commiss edf calcul due fact nera studi greatli overestim variabl cost nuclear unit edf gener system french nuclear power station countri oper mainten cost fix cost mean variabl cost nuclear power basic cost fuel evalu franc oecd report usd kwh juli frf kwh mid french author differ variabl cost calcul nera studi real variabl cost french nuclear power station evalu oecd report suffic demonstr structur french gener system short term margin cost suppli assess measur preferenti tariff paper mill de minimi rule french author initi argu discount grant cascad gromel paper mill cover de minimi rule point ceil applic case commun guidelin state aid small medium size enterpris hereinaft quot guidelin quot ecu rule franc reli guidelin state de minimi rule appli quot aid absolut amount articl appli quot payment aid ecu respect type expenditur ard scheme amount aid firm receiv respect type expenditur year period limit figur longer consid notifi articl provid express condit award scheme aid firm receiv respect type expenditur sourc scheme total aid firm receiv ecu limit discount grant cascad april time frf ecu discount grant gromel march frf ecu french author confirm cascad gromel receiv de minimi rule aid ceil exceed leav question qualifi aid discount exce de minimi threshold articl appli state aid mean articl ec treati question discount grant condat lancei sibil constitut preferenti tariff caught ban articl ec treati articl aid grant member state state resourc form whatsoev distort threaten distort competit favour undertak product good affect trade member state incompat common market preferenti tariff caught ban articl ec treati meet condit grant state state resourc favour firm product good distort competit favour firm similar firm product member state product concern trade member state grant state state resourc point aid grant state resourc french state wholli own edf electr price fix edf approv financ ministri compani freedom discount polici conclud state edf final advantag enjoi paper mill concern french author claim commerci measur quot limit scope quot refut fact confirm measur part quot commerci polici aim encourag industri consum develop technolog ensur innovatori effect ration electr quot part quot commerci polici quot commerci measur quot limit scope quot grant edf indirectli french state preferenti tariff paper mill constitut state measur result condit articl met advantag paper mill point favour firm good fact paper mill benefit preferenti electr tariff tantamount grant advantag present case advantag consist real averag price electr discount condat kwh eur kwh frf million eur million lancei kwh eur kwh frf million eur million sibil kwh eur kwh frf million eur million total advantag form discount frf million eur million principl privat public enterpris charg price made product sell differ justifi commerci ground cover margin cost proport fix cost expert task commiss analys edf surplu capac price system estim margin cost edf produc addit unit nuclear gener electr produc fossil fuel coal oil rang long term electr suppli contract concern gener account signific proport fix cost surplu bring price charg major industri consum averag correspond invoic edf largest custom basi tariff forc refer oecd report assess variabl cost nuclear energi edf kwh eur kwh french author shown nera studi overestim variabl cost unit nuclear gener electr edf gener system basi inform confirm short term margin cost suppli basi short term margin cost french author establish price offer edf addit consumpt cover variabl cost averag fix cost averag rate cover fix cost condat lancei sibil french author confirm edf surplu energi nuclear sourc point overcapac creat law monopoli situat current ongo liberalis electr market commiss analysi focus circumst present case decis prejudg conclus background open market commiss reach examin problem pose creation overcapac edf past commerci logic dictat overcapac oper market economi natur led maximis profit sell addit quantiti product cover cost addit quantiti quantiti produc store remain unsold case file show edf obtain price altern paper mill instal ga power dry equip context obtain addit consumpt result choic addit electr dry machin price cover variabl cost averag fix cost regard commerci accept practic view circumst case preferenti electr tariff grant edf condat lancei sibil regard justifi commerci ground distort competit affect trade member state measur regard aid mean articl ec treati condit met condit aid favour firm product good met examin condit conclus preferenti electr tariff grant edf condat lancei sibil paper mill constitut state aid mean articl ec treati loan grant edf ir commiss examin loan grant edf ir light articl ec treati articl aid grant member state state resourc form whatsoev distort threaten distort competit favour undertak product good constitut aid mean articl affect trade demonstr recit preferenti tariff loan grant edf ir caught ban articl ec treati favour undertak advantag confer justifi commerci ground provid condit met commiss point principl privat investor act market economi set commiss commun member state applic articl articl ec treati articl commiss direct eec public undertak manufactur sector hereinaft quot commun quot quot project commiss consid object bona fide ground expect adequ return compar privat undertak moment invest financ decis made treat state aid quot point case point regard decis edf invest ir rate return calcul wai firstli repay invest rate year ir turnov gener sale electr infrar equip edf ir turnov frf million ir experienc financi difficulti time invest decis high rate return attract privat investor line standard practic commiss appli interest rate high risk project present frf million year turnov adjust inflat rate franc frf edf estim develop electr infrar technolog applic industri paper industri gener consumpt gwh estim potenti annual incom frf million edf decid invest ir reckon recov sum invest interest establish infrar technolog paper industri repres potenti annual incom frf million suppos reason privat investor loan regard state aid final regard rate return obtain commun state quot question commiss benefit hindsight state provis public fund constitut state aid sole basi turn rate return adequ quot point fact ir sufer downturn busi fulfil commit alter natur invest time decis fact transpir inform time edf grant loan enabl quot inform quot analyst predict ir suffer busi downturn prospect expect privat investor concern protect invest edf legal action ir result februari pari commerci court issu interim order ir month pai debt make interim payment frf fail entir debt immedi payabl conclus loan grant edf ir constitut aid mean articl ec treati conclus light preferenti electr tariff grant cascad gromel paper mill fall scope de minimi rule view surplu energi nuclear sourc edf addit consumpt edf cover variabl cost averag fix cost preferenti electr tariff grant condat lancei sibil justifi commerci ground time edf invest decis loan grant edf ir justifi commerci ground commiss find preferenti electr tariff grant cascad gromel condat lancei sibil paper mill loan ir constitut aid mean articl ec treati adopt decis articl preferenti electr tariff grant edf indirectli franc condat cascad lancei gromel sibil paper mill loan grant edf ir present frf million eur million constitut aid mean articl ec treati articl decis address french republ brussel april commiss mario monti member commiss oj footnot law februari modernis develop public electr servic offici gazett french republ februari busi secret refer rate commiss order measur aid element subsidi august basi inform provid french author januai commiss includ decis initi procedur commerci incent frf million eur million instal fourth dry machin letter june french author provid proof fourth machin instal commiss remov incent machin calcul discount letter septemb french author state edf demand reimburs sum paper machin infrar equip gener addit consumpt gwh end acknowledg letter june incent paid back commiss includ sum frf eur calcul join case van der kooi ecr oj letter septemb footnot studi iv etd quot tariff cost consequ edf monopoli quot carri nation econom research associ nera februari recit oj