unit nation convent combat desertif countri experienc drought desertif africa parti convent affirm human be affect threaten area centr concern combat desertif mitig effect drought reflect urgent concern intern commun includ state intern organis advers impact desertif drought awar arid semi arid dry humid area account signific proport earth land area habitat sourc livelihood larg segment popul acknowledg desertif drought problem global dimens affect region world joint action intern commun need combat desertif mitig effect drought note high concentr develop countri notabl develop countri experienc drought desertif tragic consequ phenomena africa note desertif caus complex interact physic biolog polit social cultur econom factor impact trade relev aspect intern econom relat abil affect countri combat desertif adequ consciou sustain econom growth social develop poverti erad prioriti affect develop countri africa essenti meet sustain object mind desertif drought affect sustain develop interrelationship import social problem poverti poor health nutrit lack food secur aris migrat displac person demograph dynam appreci signific past effort experi state intern organis combat desertif mitig effect drought implement plan action combat desertif adopt unit nation confer desertif realis effort past progress combat desertif mitig effect drought met expect effect approach need level framework sustain develop recognis valid relev decis adopt unit nation confer environ develop agenda chapter provid basi combat desertif reaffirm light commit develop countri contain paragraph chapter agenda recal gener assembl resolut prioriti prescrib africa relev unit nation resolut decis programm desertif drought relev declar african countri region reaffirm rio declar environ develop state principl state accord charter unit nation principl intern law sovereign exploit resourc pursuant environment development polici respons ensur activ jurisdict control damag environ state area limit nation jurisdict recognis nation govern plai critic role combat desertif mitig effect drought progress respect depend local implement action programm affect area recognis import necess intern cooper partnership combat desertif mitig effect drought recognis import provis affect develop countri africa effect mean inter alia substanti financi resourc includ addit fund access technolog difficult implement fulli commit convent express concern impact desertif drought affect countri central asia transcaucasu stress import role plai women region affect desertif drought rural area develop countri import ensur full particip men women level programm combat desertif mitig effect drought emphasis special role government organis major group programm combat desertif mitig effect drought bear mind relationship desertif environment problem global dimens face intern nation commun bear mind contribut combat desertif make achiev object unit nation framework convent climat chang convent biolog divers relat environment convent believ strategi combat desertif mitig effect drought effect base sound systemat observ rigor scientif knowledg continu evalu recognis urgent improv effect coordin intern cooper facilit implement nation plan prioriti determin action combat desertif mitig effect drought benefit present futur gener agre part introduct articl term purpos convent desertif mean land degrad arid semi arid dry humid area result factor includ climat variat human activ combat desertif includ activ part integr develop land arid semi arid dry humid area sustain develop aim prevent reduct land degrad ii rehabilit partli degrad land iii reclam desertifi land drought mean natur occur phenomenon exist precipit significantli normal record level caus hydrolog imbal advers affect land resourc product system mitig effect drought mean activ relat predict drought intend reduc vulner societi natur system drought relat combat desertif land mean terrestri bio product system compris soil veget biota ecolog hydrolog process oper system land degrad mean reduct loss arid semi arid dry humid area biolog econom product complex rainf cropland irrig cropland rang pastur forest woodland result land process combin process includ process aris human activ habit pattern soil eros caus wind water ii deterior physic chemic biolog econom properti soil iii long term loss natur veget arid semi arid dry humid area mean area polar polar region ratio annual precipit potenti evapotranspir fall rang affect area mean arid semi arid dry humid area affect threaten desertif affect countri mean countri land includ part affect area region econom integr organis mean organis constitut sovereign state region compet respect matter govern convent duli authoris accord intern procedur sign ratifi accept approv acced convent develop countri parti mean develop countri parti region econom integr organis constitut develop countri articl object object convent combat desertif mitig effect drought countri experienc drought desertif africa effect action level support intern cooper partnership arrang framework integr approach consist agenda view contribut achiev sustain develop affect area achiev object involv long term integr strategi focu simultan affect area improv product land rehabilit conserv sustain manag land water resourc lead improv live condit commun level articl principl order achiev object convent implement provis parti guid inter alia parti ensur decis design implement programm combat desertif mitig effect drought particip popul local commun enabl environ creat higher level facilit action nation local level parti spirit intern solidar partnership improv cooper coordin subregion region intern level focu financi human organis technic resourc need parti develop spirit partnership cooper level govern commun government organis landhold establish understand natur land scarc water resourc affect area work sustain parti full consider special circumst affect develop countri parti develop part ii gener provis articl gener oblig parti implement oblig convent individu jointli exist prospect bilater multilater arrang combin thereof emphasis coordin effort develop coher long term strategi level pursu object convent parti adopt integr approach address physic biolog socio econom aspect process desertif drought give due attent relev intern region bodi situat affect develop countri parti regard intern trade market arrang debt view establish enabl intern econom environ conduc promot sustain develop integr strategi poverti erad effort combat desertif mitig effect drought promot cooper affect countri parti field environment protect conserv land water resourc relat desertif drought strengthen subregion region intern cooper cooper relev intergovernment organis determin institut mechan keep mind avoid duplic promot exist bilater multilater financi mechan arrang mobilis channel substanti financi resourc affect develop countri parti combat desertif mitig effect drought affect develop countri parti elig assist implement convent articl oblig affect countri parti addit oblig pursuant articl affect countri parti undertak give due prioriti combat desertif mitig effect drought alloc adequ resourc accord circumst capabl establish strategi prioriti framework sustain develop plan polici combat desertif mitig effect drought address underli desertif pai special attent socio econom factor contribut desertif process promot awar facilit particip local popul women youth support government organis effort combat desertif mitig effect drought provid enabl environ strengthen relev exist legisl exist enact law establish long term polici action programm articl oblig develop countri parti addit gener oblig pursuant articl develop countri parti undertak activ support agre individu jointli effort affect develop countri parti africa develop countri combat desertif mitig effect drought provid substanti financi resourc form support assist affect develop countri parti africa effect develop implement long term plan strategi combat desertif mitig effect drought promot mobilis addit fund pursuant articl paragraph encourag mobilis fund privat sector government sourc promot facilit access affect countri parti affect develop countri parti technolog knowledg articl prioriti africa implement convent parti give prioriti affect african countri parti light situat prevail region neglect affect develop countri parti region articl relationship convent parti encourag coordin activ carri convent parti relev intern agreement unit nation framework convent climat chang convent biolog divers order deriv maximum benefit activ agreement avoid duplic effort parti encourag conduct joint programm field research train systemat observ inform collect exchang extent activ contribut achiev object agreement concern provis convent affect right oblig parti deriv bilater region intern agreement enter prior entri forc convent part iii action programm scientif technic cooper support measur section action programm articl basic approach carri oblig pursuant articl affect develop countri parti affect countri parti framework region implement annex notifi perman secretariat write intent prepar nation action programm prepar make public implement nation action programm utilis build extent exist relev success plan programm subregion region action programm central element strategi combat desertif mitig effect drought programm updat continu participatori process basi lesson field action result research prepar nation action programm close interlink effort formul nation polici sustain develop provis develop countri parti form assist term articl prioriti support agre nation subregion region action programm affect develop countri parti africa directli relev multilater organis parti encourag organ fund programm unit nation system relev intergovernment organis academ institut scientif commun government organis posit cooper accord mandat capabl support elabor implement follow action programm articl nation action programm purpos nation action programm identifi factor contribut desertif practic measur combat desertif mitig effect drought nation action programm respect role govern local commun land user resourc need inter alia incorpor long term strategi combat desertif mitig effect drought emphasis implement integr nation polici sustain develop modif made respons chang circumst suffici flexibl local level cope socio econom biolog geo physic condit give attent implement prevent measur land degrad slightli degrad enhanc nation climatolog meteorolog hydrolog capabl mean provid drought earli warn promot polici strengthen institut framework develop cooper coordin spirit partnership donor commun govern level local popul commun group facilit access local popul inform technolog provid effect particip local nation region level government organis local popul women men resourc user includ farmer pastoralist repres organis polici plan decis make implement review nation action programm requir regular review progress report implement nation action programm includ inter alia measur prepar mitig effect drought establish strengthen earli warn system includ local nation facil joint system subregion region level mechan assist environment displac person strengthen drought prepared manag includ drought conting plan local nation subregion region level consider season interannu climat predict establish strengthen food secur system includ storag market facil rural area establish altern livelihood project provid incom drought prone area develop sustain irrig programm crop livestock take account circumst requir specif affect countri parti nation action programm includ inter alia measur prioriti field relat combat desertif mitig effect drought affect area popul promot altern livelihood improv nation econom environ view strengthen programm aim erad poverti ensur food secur demograph dynam sustain manag natur resourc sustain agricultur practic develop effici energi sourc institut legal framework strengthen capabl assess systemat observ includ hydrolog meteorolog servic capac build educ public awar articl subregion region action programm affect countri parti consult cooper prepar accord relev region implement annex subregion region action programm harmonis complement increas effici nation programm provis articl appli mutati mutandi subregion region programm cooper includ agre joint programm sustain manag transboundari natur resourc scientif technic cooper strengthen relev institut articl intern cooper affect countri parti collabor parti intern commun cooper ensur promot enabl intern environ implement convent cooper cover field technolog transfer scientif research develop inform collect dissemin financi resourc articl support elabor implement action programm measur support action programm pursuant articl includ inter alia financi cooper provid predict action programm allow long term plan elabor cooper mechan enabl support local level includ action government organis order promot replic success pilot programm activ relev increas flexibl project design fund implement keep experiment iter approach participatori action local commun level administr budgetari procedur increas effici cooper support programm provid support affect develop countri parti prioriti african countri parti develop countri parti articl coordin elabor implement action programm parti work close directli relev intergovernment organis elabor implement action programm parti develop oper mechan nation field level ensur fullest coordin develop countri parti develop countri parti relev intergovernment government organis order avoid duplic harmonis intervent approach maximis impact assist affect develop countri parti prioriti coordin activ relat intern cooper order maximis effici resourc ensur respons assist facilit implement nation action programm prioriti convent articl region implement annex element incorpor action programm select adapt socio econom geograph climat factor applic affect countri parti region level develop guidelin prepar action programm exact focu content subregion region set region implement annex section scientif technic cooper articl inform collect analysi exchang parti agre respect capabl integr coordin collect analysi exchang relev short term long term data inform ensur systemat observ land degrad affect area understand assess process effect drought desertif accomplish inter alia earli warn advanc plan period advers climat variat form suit practic applic user level includ local popul end facilit strengthen function global network institut facil collect analysi exchang inform systemat observ level inter alia aim compat standard system ii encompass relev data station includ remot area iii dissemin modern technolog data collect transmiss assess land degrad iv link nation subregion region data inform centr close global inform sourc ensur collect analysi exchang inform address local commun decis maker view resolv specif problem local commun involv activ support develop bilater multilater programm project aim defin conduct assess financ collect analysi exchang data inform includ inter alia integr set physic biolog social econom indic make full expertis compet intergovernment government organis dissemin relev inform experi target group region give full weight collect analysi exchang socio econom data integr physic biolog data exchang make fulli openli promptli inform publicli sourc relev combat desertif mitig effect drought subject respect nation legisl polici exchang inform local tradit knowledg ensur adequ protect provid return benefit deriv equit basi mutual agre term local popul concern articl research develop parti undertak respect capabl promot technic scientif cooper field combat desertif mitig effect drought nation subregion region intern institut end support research activ contribut increas knowledg process lead desertif drought impact distinct causal factor natur human view combat desertif mitig effect drought achiev improv product sustain manag resourc respond defin object address specif local popul lead identif implement solut improv live standard peopl affect area protect integr enhanc valid tradit local knowledg practic ensur subject respect nation legisl polici owner knowledg directli benefit equit basi mutual agre term commerci utilis technolog develop deriv knowledg develop strengthen nation subregion region research capabl affect develop countri parti africa includ develop local skill strengthen capac countri weak research base give attent multidisciplinari particip socio econom research account relev relationship poverti migrat caus environment factor desertif promot conduct joint research programm nation subregion region intern research organis public privat sector develop improv afford access technolog sustain develop effect particip local popul commun enhanc avail water resourc affect area mean inter alia cloudseed research prioriti region subregion reflect local condit includ action programm confer parti review research prioriti period advic committe scienc technolog articl transfer acquisit adapt develop technolog parti undertak mutual agre accord respect nation legisl polici promot financ facilit financ transfer acquisit adapt develop environment sound econom viabl social accept technolog relev combat desertif mitig effect drought view contribut achiev sustain develop affect area cooper conduct bilater multilater make full expertis intergovernment government organis parti fulli utilis relev exist nation subregion region intern inform system clear hous dissemin inform technolog sourc environment risk broad term acquir facilit access affect develop countri parti favour term includ concession preferenti term mutual agre take account protect intellectu properti right technolog suitabl practic applic specif local popul pai special attent social cultur econom environment impact technolog facilit technolog cooper affect countri parti financi assist mean extend technolog cooper affect develop countri parti includ relev joint ventur sector foster altern livelihood measur creat domest market condit incent fiscal conduc develop transfer acquisit adapt suitabl technolog knowledg practic includ measur ensur adequ effect protect intellectu properti right parti respect capabl subject respect nation legisl polici protect promot relev tradit local technolog knowledg practic end undertak make inventori technolog knowledg practic potenti particip local popul dissemin inform cooper relev intergovernment government organis ensur technolog knowledg practic adequ protect local popul benefit directli equit basi mutual agre commerci utilis technolog develop deriv therefrom encourag activ support improv dissemin technolog knowledg practic develop technolog base facilit adapt technolog knowledg practic wide integr modern technolog section support measur articl capac build educ public awar parti recognis signific capac build institut build train develop relev local nation capac effort combat desertif mitig effect drought promot capac build full particip level local peopl local level women youth cooper government local organis strengthen train research capac nation level field desertif drought establish strengthen support extens servic dissemin relev technolog method techniqu effect train field agent member rural organis participatori approach conserv sustain natur resourc foster dissemin knowledg practic local peopl technic cooper programm adapt relev environment sound technolog tradit method agricultur pastor modern socio econom condit provid train technolog altern energi sourc renew energi resourc aim reduc depend wood fuel cooper mutual agre strengthen capac affect develop countri parti develop implement programm field collect analysi exchang inform pursuant articl innov wai promot altern livelihood includ train skill train decis maker manag personnel respons collect analysi data dissemin earli warn inform drought condit food product effect oper exist nation institut legal framework creation strengthen strateg plan manag mean exchang visitor programm enhanc capac build affect countri parti long term interact process learn studi affect develop countri parti conduct cooper parti compet intergovernment government organis interdisciplinari review capac facil local nation level potenti strengthen parti cooper compet intergovernment organis government organis undertak support public awar educ programm affect relev unaffect countri parti promot understand effect desertif drought import meet object convent end organis awar campaign gener public promot perman basi access public relev inform wide public particip educ awar activ encourag establish associ contribut public awar develop exchang educ public awar materi local languag exchang expert train personnel affect develop countri parti carri relev educ awar programm fulli utilis relev educ materi compet intern bodi assess educ affect area elabor school curricula expand need educ adult literaci programm opportun girl women identif conserv sustain manag natur resourc affect area develop interdisciplinari participatori programm integr desertif drought awar educ system formal adult distanc practic educ programm confer parti programm establish strengthen network region educ train centr combat desertif mitig effect drought network coordin institut creat design purpos order train scientif technic manag personnel strengthen exist institut respons educ train affect countri parti view harmonis programm organis exchang experi network cooper close relev intergovernment government organis avoid duplic effort articl financi resourc central import financ achiev object convent parti take account capabl make effort ensur adequ financi resourc programm combat desertif mitig effect drought connect develop countri parti give prioriti affect african countri parti neglect affect develop countri parti region accord articl undertak mobilis substanti financi resourc includ grant concession loan order support implement programm combat desertif mitig effect drought promot mobilis adequ time predict financi resourc includ addit fund global environ facil agre increment cost activ desertif relat focal area conform relev provis instrument establish global environ facil facilit intern cooper transfer technolog knowledg explor cooper affect develop countri parti innov method incent mobilis channel resourc includ foundat government organis privat sector entiti debt swap innov mean increas financ reduc extern debt burden affect develop countri parti africa affect develop countri parti take account capabl undertak mobilis adequ financi resourc implement nation action programm mobilis financi resourc parti seek full continu qualit improv nation bilater multilater fund sourc mechan consortia joint programm parallel financ seek involv privat sector fund sourc mechan includ government organis end parti fulli utilis oper mechan develop pursuant articl order mobilis financi resourc affect develop countri parti combat desertif mitig effect drought parti rationalis strengthen manag resourc alloc combat desertif mitig effect drought effect effici assess success shortcom remov hindranc effect reorient programm light integr long term approach adopt pursuant convent give due prioriti attent govern bodi multilater financi institut facil fund includ region develop bank fund support affect develop countri parti africa activ advanc implement convent notabl action programm undertak framework region implement annex examin wai region subregion cooper strengthen support effort undertaken nation level parti encourag provid voluntari basi knowledg techniqu relat desertif financi resourc affect develop countri parti full implement affect develop countri parti africa oblig convent greatli assist fulfil develop countri parti oblig convent includ financi resourc transfer technolog fulfil oblig develop countri parti fulli account econom social develop poverti erad prioriti affect develop countri parti africa articl financi mechan confer parti promot avail financi mechan encourag mechan seek maximis avail fund affect develop countri parti africa implement convent end confer parti adopt inter alia approach polici facilit provis fund nation subregion region global level activ pursuant relev provis convent promot multipl sourc fund approach mechan arrang assess consist articl provid regular basi interest parti relev intergovernment government organis inform sourc fund fund pattern order facilit coordin facilit establish mechan nation desertif fund includ involv particip government organis channel financi resourc rapidli effici local level affect develop countri parti strengthen exist fund financi mechan subregion region level africa support effect implement convent confer parti encourag provis mechan unit nation system multilater financi institut support nation subregion region level activ enabl develop countri parti meet oblig convent affect develop countri parti utilis establish strengthen nation coordin mechan integr nation develop programm ensur effici financi resourc utilis participatori process involv government organis local group privat sector rais fund elabor implement programm assur access fund group local level action enhanc improv coordin flexibl program part provid assist order increas effect effici exist financi mechan global mechan promot action lead mobilis channel substanti financi resourc includ transfer technolog grant basi concession term affect develop countri parti establish global mechan function author guidanc confer parti account confer parti identifi ordinari session organis hous global mechan confer parti organis identifi agre modal global mechan ensur inter alia mechan identifi draw inventori relev bilater multilater cooper programm implement convent advic request parti innov method financ sourc financi assist improv coordin cooper activ nation level interest parti relev intergovernment government organis inform sourc fund fund pattern order facilit coordin report confer parti begin ordinari session activ confer parti session make arrang organis identifi hous global mechan administr oper mechan draw extent exist budgetari human resourc confer parti ordinari session review polici oper modal activ global mechan account pursuant paragraph take account provis articl basi review action part iv institut articl confer parti confer parti establish confer parti suprem bodi convent make mandat decis promot effect implement regularli review implement convent function institut arrang light experi gain nation subregion region intern level basi evolut scientif technolog knowledg promot facilit exchang inform measur adopt parti determin form timet transmit inform submit pursuant articl review report make recommend establish subsidiari bodi deem implement convent review report submit subsidiari bodi provid guidanc agre adopt consensu rule procedur financi rule subsidiari bodi adopt amend convent pursuant articl approv programm budget activ includ subsidiari bodi undertak arrang financ seek cooper utilis servic inform provid compet bodi agenc nation intern intergovernment government promot strengthen relationship relev convent avoid duplic effort exercis function achiev object convent confer parti session adopt rule procedur consensu includ decis make procedur matter cover decis make procedur stipul convent procedur includ major requir adopt decis session confer parti conven interim secretariat refer articl place year date entri forc convent decid confer parti fourth ordinari session held yearli ordinari session held year extraordinari session confer parti held time decid confer parti ordinari session written request parti provid month request commun parti perman secretariat support parti ordinari session confer parti elect bureau structur function bureau determin rule procedur appoint bureau due regard paid ensur equit geograph distribut adequ represent affect countri parti africa unit nation specialis agenc state member thereof observ thereto parti convent repres session confer parti observ bodi agenc nation intern government government qualifi matter cover convent inform perman secretariat repres session confer parti observ admit parti present object admiss particip observ subject rule procedur adopt confer parti confer parti request compet nation intern organis relev expertis provid inform relev articl articl articl articl perman secretariat perman secretariat establish function perman secretariat make arrang session confer parti subsidiari bodi establish convent provid servic requir compil transmit report submit facilit assist affect develop countri parti request africa compil commun inform requir convent coordin activ secretariat relev intern bodi convent enter guidanc confer parti administr contractu arrang requir effect discharg function prepar report execut function convent present confer parti perform secretariat function determin confer parti confer parti session design perman secretariat make arrang function articl committe scienc technolog committe scienc technolog establish subsidiari bodi confer parti provid inform advic scientif technolog matter relat combat desertif mitig effect drought committe meet conjunct ordinari session confer parti multidisciplinari open particip parti compos govern repres compet relev field expertis confer parti decid session term refer committe confer parti establish maintain roster independ expert expertis experi relev field roster base nomin receiv write parti take account multidisciplinari approach broad geograph represent confer parti appoint ad hoc panel provid committe inform advic specif issu state art field scienc technolog relev combat desertif mitig effect drought panel compos expert name roster take account multidisciplinari approach broad geograph represent expert scientif background field experi appoint confer parti recommend committe confer parti decid term refer modal work panel articl network institut agenc bodi committe scienc technolog supervis confer parti make provis undertak survei evalu relev exist network institut agenc bodi unit network network support implement convent basi result survei evalu refer paragraph committe scienc technolog make recommend confer parti wai mean facilit strengthen network unit local nation level view ensur themat set articl address take account recommend confer parti identifi nation subregion region intern unit network recommend oper procedur time frame identifi unit suit facilit strengthen network level part procedur articl commun inform parti commun confer parti consider ordinari session perman secretariat report measur implement convent confer parti determin timet submiss format report affect countri parti provid descript strategi establish pursuant articl relev inform implement affect countri parti implement action programm pursuant articl provid detail descript programm implement group affect countri parti make joint commun measur subregion region level framework action programm develop countri parti report measur assist prepar implement action programm includ inform financi resourc provid provid convent inform commun pursuant paragraph transmit perman secretariat confer parti relev subsidiari bodi confer parti facilit provis affect develop countri africa request technic financi support compil commun inform accord articl identifi technic financi action programm articl measur resolv question implement confer parti adopt procedur institut mechan resolut question aris regard implement convent articl settlement disput parti settl disput interpret applic convent negoti peac mean choic ratifi accept approv acced convent time parti region econom integr organis declar written instrument submit depositari respect disput interpret applic convent recognis mean disput settlement compulsori relat parti accept oblig arbitr accord procedur adopt confer parti annex practic submiss disput intern court justic parti region econom integr organis make declar effect relat arbitr accord procedur refer paragraph declar made pursuant paragraph remain forc expir accord term month written notic revoc deposit depositari expiri declar notic revoc declar affect proceed pend arbitr tribun intern court justic parti disput agre parti disput accept procedur pursuant paragraph settl disput month notif parti disput exist disput submit concili request parti disput accord procedur adopt confer parti annex practic articl statu annex annex form integr part convent expressli provid refer convent constitut refer annex parti interpret provis annex manner conform right oblig articl convent articl amend convent parti propos amend convent amend convent adopt ordinari session confer parti text propos amend commun parti perman secretariat month meet propos adopt perman secretariat commun propos amend signatori convent parti make effort reach agreement propos amend convent consensu effort consensu exhaust agreement reach amend resort adopt third major vote parti present vote meet adopt amend commun perman secretariat depositari circul parti ratif accept approv access instrument ratif accept approv access respect amend deposit depositari amend adopt pursuant paragraph enter forc parti accept dai date receipt depositari instrument ratif accept approv access third parti convent parti time adopt amend amend enter forc parti dai date parti deposit depositari instrument ratif accept approv access amend purpos articl articl parti present vote mean parti present cast affirm neg vote articl adopt amend annex addit annex convent amend annex propos adopt accord procedur amend convent set articl provid adopt addit region implement annex amend region implement annex major provid articl includ third major vote parti region concern present vote adopt amend annex commun depositari parti annex addit region implement annex amend annex amend region implement annex adopt accord paragraph enter forc parti convent month date commun depositari parti adopt annex amend parti notifi depositari write period accept annex amend annex amend enter forc parti withdraw notif accept dai date withdraw notif receiv depositari addit region implement annex amend region implement annex adopt accord paragraph enter forc parti convent month date commun depositari parti adopt annex amend respect parti notifi depositari write month period accept addit region implement annex amend region implement annex case annex amend enter forc parti withdraw notif accept dai date withdraw notif receiv depositari parti made declar respect addit region implement annex amend region implement annex accord articl paragraph case annex amend enter forc parti dai date deposit depositari instrument ratif accept approv access respect annex amend adopt annex amend annex involv amend convent annex amend annex enter forc time amend convent enter forc articl vote provid paragraph parti convent vote region econom integr organis matter compet exercis vote number vote equal number member state parti convent organis exercis vote member state exercis vice versa part vi final provis articl signatur convent open signatur pari octob state member unit nation specialis agenc parti statut intern court justic region econom integr organis remain open signatur unit nation headquart york octob articl ratif accept approv access convent subject ratif accept approv access state region econom integr organis open access dai date convent close signatur instrument ratif accept approv access deposit depositari region econom integr organis parti convent member state parti convent bound oblig convent member state organis parti convent organis member state decid respect respons perform oblig convent case organis member state entitl exercis right convent concurr instrument ratif accept approv access region econom integr organis declar extent compet respect matter govern convent promptli inform depositari turn inform parti substanti modif extent compet instrument ratif accept approv access parti declar respect addit region implement annex amend region implement annex enter forc deposit instrument ratif accept approv access respect thereto articl interim arrang secretariat function refer articl carri interim basi secretariat establish gener assembl unit nation resolut decemb complet session confer parti articl entri forc convent enter forc dai date deposit instrument ratif accept approv access state region econom integr organis ratifi accept approv acced convent deposit instrument ratif accept approv access convent enter forc dai date deposit state region econom integr organis instrument ratif accept approv access purpos paragraph instrument deposit region econom integr organis count addit deposit state member organis articl reserv reserv made convent articl withdraw time year date convent enter forc parti parti withdraw convent give written notif depositari withdraw effect expiri year date receipt depositari notif withdraw date notif withdraw articl depositari secretari gener unit nation depositari convent articl authent text origin present convent arab chines english french russian spanish text equal authent deposit secretari gener unit nation wit whereof undersign duli authoris effect sign present convent pari dai june thousand hundr nineti annex region implement africa articl scope annex appli africa relat parti conform convent articl purpos combat desertif mitig effect drought arid semi arid dry humid area articl purpos purpos annex nation subregion region level africa light condit identifi measur arrang includ natur process assist provid develop countri parti accord relev provis convent provid effici practic implement convent address condit specif africa promot process activ relat combat desertif mitig effect drought arid semi arid dry humid area africa articl condit african region carri oblig convent parti implement annex adopt basic approach take consider condit africa high proport arid semi arid dry humid area substanti number countri popul advers affect desertif frequent recurr sever drought larg number affect countri land lock widespread poverti preval affect countri larg number develop countri signific amount extern assist form grant loan concession term pursu develop object difficult socio econom condit exacerb deterior fluctuat term trade extern indebted polit instabl induc intern region intern migrat heavi relianc popul natur resourc subsist compound effect demograph trend factor weak technolog base unsustain product practic contribut resourc degrad insuffici institut legal framework weak infrastructur base insuffici scientif technic educ capac lead substanti capac build requir central role action combat desertif mitig effect drought nation develop prioriti affect african countri articl commit oblig african countri parti accord respect capabl african countri parti undertak adopt combat desertif mitig effect drought central strategi effort erad poverti promot region cooper integr spirit solidar partnership base mutual interest programm activ combat desertif mitig effect drought rationalis strengthen exist institut concern desertif drought involv exist institut order make effect ensur effici resourc promot exchang inform technolog knowledg practic develop conting plan mitig effect drought area degrad desertif drought pursuant gener specif oblig set articl convent affect african countri parti aim make financi alloc nation budget consist nation condit capabl reflect prioriti africa accord phenomenon desertif drought sustain strengthen reform progress greater decentralis resourc tenur reinforc particip local popul commun identifi mobilis addit nation financi resourc expand matter prioriti exist nation capabl facil mobilis domest financi resourc articl commit oblig develop countri parti fulfil oblig pursuant articl convent develop countri parti give prioriti affect african countri parti context assist combat desertif mitig effect drought inter alia provid facilit access financi resourc promot financ facilit financ transfer adapt access environment technolog mutual agre accord nation polici take account adopt poverti erad central strategi continu alloc signific resourc increas resourc combat desertif mitig effect drought assist strengthen capac enabl improv institut framework scientif technic capabl inform collect analysi research develop purpos combat desertif mitig effect drought countri parti provid voluntari basi technolog knowledg relat desertif financi resourc affect african countri parti transfer knowledg techniqu facilit intern cooper articl strateg plan framework sustain develop nation action programm central integr part broader process formul nation polici sustain develop affect african countri parti consult participatori process involv level govern local popul commun government organis undertaken provid guidanc strategi flexibl plan maximum particip local popul commun bilater multilater assist agenc involv process request affect african countri parti articl timet prepar action programm pend entri forc convent african countri parti cooper member intern commun extent provision appli provis convent relat prepar nation subregion region action programm articl content nation action programm consist articl convent strategi nation action programm emphasis integr local develop programm affect area base participatori mechan integr strategi poverti erad effort combat desertif mitig effect drought programm aim strengthen capac local author ensur activ involv local popul commun group emphasi educ train mobilis government organis proven expertis strengthen decentralis government structur nation action programm includ gener featur develop implement nation action programm past experi combat desertif mitig effect drought take account social econom ecolog condit identif factor contribut desertif drought resourc capac requir set polici institut respons measur combat phenomena mitig effect increas particip local popul commun includ women farmer pastoralist deleg respons manag nation action programm includ measur improv econom environ view erad poverti increas incom employ opportun poorest member commun develop market farm livestock product creat financi instrument suit local encourag diversif agricultur set agricultur enterpris develop econom activ paraagricultur agricultur type ii improv long term prospect rural economi creation incent product invest access mean product price tax polici commerci practic promot growth iii defin appli popul migrat polici reduc popul pressur land iv promot drought resist crop applic integr dry land farm system food secur purpos measur conserv natur resourc ensur integr sustain manag natur resourc includ agricultur land pastor land veget cover wildlif forest water resourc biolog divers ii train regard strengthen public awar environment educ campaign dissemin knowledg techniqu relat sustain manag natur resourc iii ensur develop effici divers energi sourc promot altern sourc energi solar energi wind energi bio ga specif arrang transfer acquisit adapt relev technolog allevi pressur fragil natur resourc measur improv institut organis defin role respons central govern local author framework land plan polici ii encourag polici activ decentralis devolv respons manag decis make local author encourag initi assumpt respons local commun establish local structur iii adjust institut regulatori framework natur resourc manag provid secur land tenur local popul measur improv knowledg desertif promot research collect process exchang inform scientif technic socio econom aspect desertif ii improv nation capabl research collect process exchang analysi inform increas understand translat result analysi oper term iii encourag medium long term studi socio econom cultur trend affect area qualit quantit trend natur resourc interact climat desertif measur monitor assess effect drought develop strategi evalu impact natur climat variabl region drought desertif utilis predict climat variabl season interannu time scale effort mitig effect drought ii improv earli warn respons capac effici manag emerg relief food aid improv food stock distribut system cattl protect scheme public work altern livelihood drought prone area iii monitor assess ecolog degrad provid reliabl time inform process dynam resourc degrad order facilit polici formul respons articl prepar nation action programm implement evalu indic affect african countri parti design nation coordin bodi function catalyst prepar implement evalu nation action programm coordin bodi light articl undertak identif review action begin local driven consult process involv local popul commun cooper local administr author develop countri parti intergovernment government organis basi initi consult concern nation level identifi analys constraint gap affect develop sustain land recommend practic measur avoid duplic make full relev ongo effort promot implement result facilit design formul project activ base interact flexibl approach order ensur activ particip popul affect area minimis neg impact activ identifi prioritis requir financi assist technic cooper establish pertin quantifi readili verifi indic ensur assess evalu nation action programm encompass action short medium long term implement programm prepar progress report implement nation action programm articl organis framework subregion action programm pursuant articl convent african countri parti cooper prepar implement subregion action programm central eastern northern southern western africa regard deleg respons relev subregion intergovernment organis act focal point preparatori activ coordin implement subregion action programm assist prepar implement nation action programm facilit exchang inform experi provid advic review nation legisl respons relat implement subregion action programm specialis subregion institut provid support request entrust respons coordin activ respect field compet articl content prepar subregion action programm subregion action programm focu issu address subregion level establish mechan manag share natur resourc mechan effect handl transboundari problem desertif drought provid support harmoni implement nation action programm prioriti area subregion action programm focu joint programm sustain manag transboundari natur resourc bilater multilater mechan coordin programm develop altern energi sourc cooper manag control pest plant anim diseas capac build educ public awar activ carri support subregion level scientif technic cooper climatolog meteorolog hydrolog field includ network data collect assess inform share project monitor coordin prioritis research develop activ earli warn system joint plan mitig effect drought includ measur address problem result environment induc migrat explor wai share experi particip local popul commun creation enabl environ improv land manag technolog strengthen capac subregion organis coordin provid technic servic establish reorient strengthen subregion centr institut develop polici field trade impact affect area popul includ polici coordin region market regim common infrastructur articl organis framework region action programm pursuant articl convent african countri parti jointli determin procedur prepar implement region action programm parti provid support relev african region institut organis enabl assist african countri parti fulfil respons convent articl content region action programm region action programm includ measur relat combat desertif mitig effect drought prioriti area develop region cooper coordin subregion action programm build region consensu kei polici area includ regular consult subregion organis promot capac build activ implement region level seek solut intern commun global econom social issu impact affect area take account articl convent promot affect countri parti africa subregion affect region exchang inform techniqu technic relev experi promot scientif technolog cooper field climatolog meteorolog hydrolog water resourc develop altern energi sourc coordin subregion region research activ identif region prioriti research develop coordin network systemat observ assess inform exchang integr worldwid network coordin reinforc subregion region earli warn system drought conting plan articl financi resourc pursuant articl convent articl affect african countri parti endeavour provid macroeconom framework conduc mobilis financi resourc develop polici establish procedur channel resourc effect local develop programm includ government organis pursuant articl convent parti agre establish inventori sourc fund nation subregion region intern level ensur ration exist resourc identifi gap resourc alloc facilit implement action programm inventori regularli review updat consist articl convent develop countri parti continu alloc signific resourc increas resourc form assist affect african countri parti basi partnership agreement arrang refer articl give inter alia due attent matter relat debt intern trade market arrang accord articl convent articl financi mechan consist articl convent underscor prioriti affect african countri parti situat prevail region parti pai special attent implement africa provis articl convent notabl facilit establish mechan nation desertif fund channel financi resourc local level strengthen exist fund financi mechan subregion region level consist articl convent parti member govern bodi relev region subregion financi institut includ african develop bank african develop fund promot effort give due prioriti attent activ institut advanc implement annex parti streamlin extent procedur channel fund affect african countri parti articl technic assist cooper parti undertak accord respect capabl rationalis technic assist cooper african countri parti view increas project programm effect inter alia limit cost support measur backstop overhead cost case cost repres appropri low percentag total cost project maximis project effici give prefer utilis compet nation expert compet expert subregion region project design prepar implement build local expertis exist effect manag coordin effici utilis technic assist provid articl transfer acquisit adapt access environment sound technolog implement articl convent relat transfer acquisit adapt develop technolog parti undertak give prioriti african countri parti develop model partnership cooper view strengthen capac build field scientif research develop inform collect dissemin enabl implement strategi combat desertif mitig effect drought articl coordin partnership agreement african countri parti coordin prepar negoti implement nation subregion region action programm involv parti relev intergovernment nongovernment organis process object coordin ensur financi technic cooper consist convent provid continu administr resourc african countri parti organis consult process nation subregion region level consult process serv forum negoti conclud partnership agreement base nation subregion region action programm contribut african countri parti member consult group programm identifi prioriti agreement implement evalu indic fund arrang implement perman secretariat request african countri parti pursuant articl convent facilit convoc consult process provid advic organis effect consult arrang draw experi arrang provid inform relev bilater multilater agenc consult meet process encourag activ involv provid inform relev establish improv consult arrang subregion region coordin bodi inter alia recommend adjust partnership agreement monitor assess report implement agre subregion region programm aim ensur effici commun cooper african countri parti particip consult group open govern interest group donor relev organ fund programm unit nation system relev subregion region organis repres relev government organis particip consult group determin modal manag oper pursuant articl convent develop countri parti encourag develop initi inform process consult coordin nation subregion region level request affect african countri parti subregion region organis particip nation subregion region consult process evalu respond assist order facilit implement articl follow arrang follow annex carri african countri parti accord convent nation level mechan composit determin affect african countri parti includ repres local commun function supervis nation coordin bodi refer articl subregion level multidisciplinari scientif technic consult committe composit modal oper determin african countri parti subregion concern region level mechan defin accord relev provis treati establish african econom commun african scientif technic advisori committe annex ii region implement asia articl purpos purpos annex provid guidelin arrang effect implement convent affect countri parti asian region light condit articl condit asian region carri oblig convent parti consider condit appli vari degre affect countri parti region high proport area territori affect vulner desertif drought broad divers area regard climat topographi land socio econom system heavi pressur natur resourc livelihood exist product system directli relat widespread poverti lead land degrad pressur scarc water resourc signific impact condit world economi social problem poverti poor health nutrit lack food secur migrat displac person demograph dynam expand insuffici capac institut framework deal nation desertif drought problem intern cooper pursu sustain develop object relat combat desertif mitig effect drought articl framework nation action programm nation action programm integr part broader nation polici sustain develop affect countri parti region affect countri parti develop nation action programm pursuant articl convent pai special attent articl bilater multilater cooper agenc involv process request affect countri parti concern articl nation action programm prepar implement nation action programm affect countri parti region consist respect circumst polici inter alia design bodi respons prepar coordin implement action programm involv affect popul includ local commun elabor coordin implement action programm local driven consult process cooper local author relev nation government organis survei state environ affect area assess consequ desertif determin prioriti area action evalu particip affect popul past current programm combat desertif mitig effect drought order design strategi elabor activ action programm prepar technic financi programm base inform deriv activ subparagraph develop utilis procedur benchmark evalu implement action programm promot integr manag drainag basin conserv soil resourc enhanc effici water resourc strengthen establish inform evalu follow earli warn system region prone desertif drought take account climatolog meteorolog hydrolog biolog relev factor formul spirit partnership intern cooper includ financi technic resourc involv arrang support action programm consist articl convent strategi nation action programm emphasis integr local develop programm affect area base participatori mechan integr strategi poverti erad effort combat desertif mitig effect drought sector measur action programm group prioriti field account broad divers affect area region refer articl articl subregion joint action programm pursuant articl convent affect countri parti asia mutual agre consult cooper parti prepar implement subregion joint action programm order complement increas effect implement nation action programm case relev parti jointli agre entrust subregion includ bilater nation organis specialis institut respons relat prepar coordin implement programm organis institut act focal point promot coordin action pursuant articl convent prepar implement subregion joint action programm affect countri parti region inter alia identifi cooper nation institut prioriti relat combat desertif mitig effect drought met programm relev activ effect carri evalu oper capac activ relev region subregion nation institut assess exist programm relat desertif drought parti region subregion relationship nation action programm formul spirit partnership intern cooper includ financi technic resourc involv bilater multilater arrang support programm subregion joint action programm includ agre joint programm sustain manag transboundari natur resourc relat desertif prioriti coordin activ field capac build scientif technic cooper drought earli warn system inform share mean strengthen relev subregion organis institut articl region activ region activ enhanc subregion joint action programm includ inter alia measur strengthen institut mechan coordin cooper nation subregion region level promot implement articl convent activ includ promot strengthen technic cooper network prepar inventori technolog knowledg practic tradit local technolog promot dissemin evalu requir technolog transfer promot adapt technolog encourag public awar programm promot capac build level strengthen train research develop build system human resourc develop articl financi resourc mechan parti view import combat desertif mitig effect drought asian region promot mobilis substanti financi resourc avail financi mechan pursuant articl convent conform convent basi coordin mechan provid articl accord nation develop polici affect countri parti region individu jointli adopt measur rationalis strengthen mechan suppli fund public privat invest view achiev specif result action combat desertif mitig effect drought identifi intern cooper requir support nation effort financi technic technolog promot particip bilater multilater financi cooper institut view ensur implement convent parti streamlin extent procedur channel fund affect countri parti region articl cooper coordin mechan affect countri parti bodi design pursuant articl parti region set mechan inter alia purpos exchang inform experi knowledg cooper coordin action includ bilater multilater arrang subregion region level promot scientif technic technolog financi cooper pursuant articl identif extern cooper requir follow evalu implement action programm affect countri parti bodi design pursuant articl parti region consult coordin nation subregion joint action programm involv parti relev intergovernment government organis process coordin inter alia seek secur agreement opportun intern cooper accord articl convent enhanc technic cooper channel resourc effect affect countri parti region hold period coordin meet perman secretariat request pursuant articl convent facilit convoc coordin meet provid advic organis effect coordin arrang draw experi arrang provid inform relev bilater multilater agenc coordin meet encourag activ involv provid inform relev establish improv coordin process annex iii region implement latin america caribbean articl purpos purpos annex provid gener guidelin implement convent latin american caribbean region light condit articl condit latin american caribbean region parti accord provis convent consider condit region exist broad expans vulner sever affect desertif drought divers characterist observ depend area occur cumul intensifi process neg social cultur econom environment effect region largest resourc biolog divers world frequent unsustain develop practic affect area result complex interact physic biolog polit social cultur econom factor includ intern econom factor extern indebted deterior term trade trade practic affect market agricultur fisheri forestri product sharp drop product ecosystem main consequ desertif drought take form declin agricultur livestock forestri yield loss biolog divers social point view result impoverish migrat intern popul movement deterior qualiti life region adopt integr approach problem desertif drought promot sustain develop model keep environment econom social situat countri articl action programm conform convent articl accord nation develop polici affect countri parti region prepar implement nation action programm combat desertif mitig effect drought integr part nation polici sustain develop subregion region programm prepar implement accord requir region prepar nation action programm affect countri parti region pai attent articl convent articl content nation action programm light respect situat affect countri parti region account inter alia themat issu develop nation strategi action combat desertif mitig effect drought pursuant articl convent increas capac educ public awar technic scientif technolog cooper financi resourc mechan erad poverti improv qualiti human life achiev food secur sustain develop manag agricultur livestock rear forestri multipurpos activ sustain manag natur resourc ration manag drainag basin sustain manag natur resourc high altitud area ration manag conserv soil resourc exploit effici water resourc formul applic emerg plan mitig effect drought strengthen establish inform evalu follow earli warn system area prone desertif drought take account climatolog meteorolog hydrolog biolog soil econom social factor develop manag effici divers sourc energi includ promot altern sourc conserv sustain biodivers accord provis convent biolog divers consider demograph aspect relat desertif drought establish strengthen institut legal framework permit applic convent aim inter alia decentralis administr structur function relat desertif drought particip affect commun societi gener articl technic scientif technolog cooper conform convent articl basi coordin mechan provid articl affect countri parti region individu jointli promot strengthen technic cooper network nation subregion region inform system integr worldwid sourc inform prepar inventori technolog promot dissemin promot tradit technolog knowledg practic pursuant articl convent identifi transfer technolog requir promot develop adapt adopt transfer relev exist environment sound technolog articl financi resourc mechan conform convent articl basi coordin mechan provid articl accord nation develop polici affect countri parti region individu jointli adopt measur rationalis strengthen mechan suppli fund public privat invest view achiev specif result action combat desertif mitig effect drought identifi intern cooper requir support nation effort promot particip bilater multilater financi cooper institut view ensur implement convent articl institut framework order give effect annex affect countri parti region establish strengthen nation focal point coordin action combat desertif mitig effect drought set mechan coordin nation focal point purpos exchang inform experi ii coordin activ subregion region level iii promot technic scientif technolog financi cooper iv identif extern cooper requir follow evalu implement action programm affect countri parti region hold period coordin meet perman secretariat request pursuant articl convent facilit convoc coordin meet provid advic organis effect coordin arrang draw experi arrang provid inform relev bilater multilater agenc coordin meet encourag activ involv provid inform relev establish improv coordin process annex iv region implement northern mediterranean articl purpos purpos annex provid guidelin arrang effect implement convent affect countri parti northern mediterranean region light condit articl condit northern mediterranean region condit northern mediterranean region refer articl includ semi arid climat condit affect larg area season drought high rainfal variabl sudden high intens rainfal poor highli erod soil prone develop surfac crust uneven relief steep slope diversifi landscap extens forest coverag loss due frequent wildfir crisi condit tradit agricultur land abandon deterior soil water conserv structur unsustain exploit water resourc lead environment damag includ chemic pollut salinis exhaust aquif concentr econom activ coastal area result urban growth industri activ tourism irrig agricultur articl strateg plan framework sustain develop nation action programm central integr part strateg plan framework sustain develop affect countri parti northern mediterranean consult participatori process involv level govern local commun government organis undertaken provid guidanc strategi flexibl plan maximum local particip pursuant articl convent articl oblig prepar nation action programm timet affect countri parti northern mediterranean region prepar nation action programm subregion region joint action programm prepar programm finalis practic articl prepar implement nation action programm prepar implement nation action programm pursuant articl convent affect countri parti region design bodi respons prepar coordin implement programm involv affect popul includ local commun elabor coordin implement programm local driven consult process cooper local author relev government organis survei state environ affect area assess consequ desertif determin prioriti area action evalu particip affect popul past current programm order design strategi elabor activ action programm prepar technic financi programm base inform gain activ subparagraph develop utilis procedur benchmark monitor evalu implement programm articl content nation action programm affect countri parti region includ nation action programm measur relat legisl institut administr area land pattern manag water resourc soil conserv forestri agricultur activ pastur rang manag manag conserv wildlif form biolog divers protect forest fire promot altern livelihood research train public awar articl subregion region joint action programm affect countri parti region accord articl convent prepar implement subregion region action programm order complement increas effici nation action programm affect countri parti region similarli agre prepar joint action programm provis articl appli mutati mutandi prepar implement subregion region joint action programm addit programm includ conduct research develop activ select ecosystem affect area prepar implement subregion region joint action programm affect countri parti region identifi cooper nation institut nation object relat desertif met programm relev activ effect carri evalu oper capac activ relev region subregion nation institut assess exist programm relat desertif parti region relationship nation action programm articl coordin subregion region joint action programm affect countri parti prepar subregion region joint action programm establish coordin committe compos repres affect countri parti concern review progress combat desertif harmonis nation action programm make recommend stage prepar implement subregion region joint action programm act focal point promot coordin technic cooper pursuant articl convent articl elig financi assist implement nation subregion region joint action programm affect develop countri parti region elig receiv financi assist convent articl coordin subregion region subregion region joint action programm northern mediterranean region prepar implement collabor subregion region subregion northern africa declar made european commun accord articl unit nation convent combat desertif countri affect drought desertif africa accord provis treati establish european econom commun amend singl european act treati european union commun compet adopt measur protect environ combat desertif commun compet field agricultur compet sign intern agreement relat matter field develop cooper enjoi exclus compet field trade commun legisl act programm list illustr commun sphere compet commun futur assum addit respons adopt legisl instrument cooper measur specif design combat desertif list legisl act commun programm contribut combat desertif gener instrument resolut council repres govern member state meet council februari commun programm polici action relat environ sustain develop oj commun commiss council european parliament develop cooper polici run sec final financi instrument council regul eec decemb lai provis implement regul eec european region develop fund oj council regul eec decemb lai provis implement regul eec european agricultur guidanc guarante fund eaggf guidanc section oj council regul eec februari financi technic assist econom cooper develop countri asia latin america oj council regul eec june implement protocol financi technic cooper conclud commun mediterranean member countri oj council regul eec june financi cooper respect mediterranean member countri oj council regul eec establish financi instrument environ life oj council regul ec establish cohes fund oj council regul ec decemb oper promot tropic forest oj decis council commiss februari conclus fourth acp eec convent decis ecsc eec oj commiss commun accord council regul eec establish financi instrument environ life relat prioriti action implement oj council regul ec april environment measur develop countri context sustain develop oj council regul eec april specif measur encourag develop agricultur region spain oj council regul eec lai provis implement regul eec scheme develop optim utilis woodland rural area commun oj council regul eec decemb econom aid republ hungari polish peopl republ oj council regul eec june agricultur product method compat requir protect environ mainten countrysid oj council regul eec june institut commun aid scheme forestri measur agricultur oj council regul eec juli protect commun forest fire oj research programm council decis eec novemb adopt specif research develop programm field environ step epoch oj council decis eec june adopt specif research technolog develop programm field environ oj council decis ec decemb adopt specif programm research technolog develop includ demonstr field environ climat oj