commiss decis juli relat proceed articl ec treati comp deutsch post ag intercept cross border mail notifi document number german text authent text eea relev ec commiss european commun regard treati establish european commun regard council regul februari regul implement articl treati amend regul articl articl thereof regard complaint lodg british post offic februari alleg infring articl treati deutsch post request commiss put end infring regard commiss decis initi proceed case undertak concern opportun make view object rais commiss accord articl regul commiss regul ec decemb hear parti proceed articl ec treati consult advisori committe restrict practic domin posit fact complain british post offic bpo public postal oper ppo uk bpo primarili activ domest intern letter parcel deliveri respond deutsch post ag dpag ppo germani deutsch bundespost postdienst transform state own limit compani dpag autumn german state sold dpag share initi public offer ipo total turnov dpag group compani amount eur billion eur billion mail divis dpag highli profit oper profit mail divis amount approxim eur billion compar eur billion total turnov mail divis remain stabl eur billion eur billion oper profit entir dpag group compani approxim eur billion complaint februari bpo file complaint dpag pursuant articl regul complaint alleg bpo face increas number refus dpag distribut cross border bulk mail come uk bpo paid surcharg german domest tariff minu termin due bpo maintain contest mail constitut ordinari cross border mail dpag state mail call remail section bpo alleg dpag repeatedli delai releas contest mail bpo order mail releas agre pai differ termin due section payabl deliv cross border mail full domest tariff mail contest type time sensit addit delai harm bpo custom commerci financi bpo state dpag repeat refus deliv cross border mail surcharg paid incorrect basi mail remail constitut abus domin posit contrari articl ec treati delai releas intercept mail agreement bpo meet dpag claim allegedli constitut abus domin posit factual regulatori background postal monopoli germani core activ dpag domest collect sort deliveri letter mail dpag oblig law provid basic uniform postal servic afford price germani call univers servic oblig uso postal servic germani subject statutori monopoli grant dpag servic perform dpag competit privat oper addit dpag intern mail servic bilater multilater arrang ppo domest tariff germani highest commun postal monopoli grant dpag compris collect forward deliveri domest mail forward deliveri incom cross border mail collect forward outgo cross border mail letter address catalogu weigh gram postag exce time tariff lowest weight step subject monopoli monopoli cover bulk mail compris item ident content item weigh gram ad servic dpag exclus licenc expir decemb total turnov german market letter mail includ domest mail cross border mail estim eur billion eur billion formal open competit fell reserv area approxim license addit dpag activ german letter market year account fraction amount eur million market segment theoret open competit figur confirm nation regulatori author nra germani estim market share dpag market cross border letter mail system postal administr compens deliveri cross border mail behalf termin due system arrang receiv ppo remuner deliveri cross border mail send ppo deliveri charg call termin due collect forward outgo cross border letter mail de jure de facto liberalis eu member state competitor enter market number member state ppo domin home market liberalis outgo cross border letter mail facilit provis remail servic dpag contrast commun ppo tough stanc postal oper provid outgo cross border letter mail servic germani dpag oper court obtain german court rule state compani offer outward cross border letter mail servic infring german postal monopoli compet oper order court ceas offer servic market forward deliveri incom cross border letter mail situat member state practic incom letter mail handl incumb ppo direct ec european parliament council decemb common rule develop intern market commun postal servic improv qualiti servic postal direct enter forc open fraction market competit remail remail practic rout mail countri utilis combin convent transport servic express servic postal servic specialist remail firm tender intern bulk mail postal oper behalf client countri commerci remail remail servic initi provid privat firm ppo increasingli involv remail activ remail econom viabl postal tariff vari significantli countri case commun greater differ countri high domest tariff low termin due ppo receiv deliv incom cross border mail greater possibl profit remail word termin due receiv countri low compar domest tariff countri send ppo charg cross border tariff significantli lower normal domest tariff receiv countri profit transport mail eman countri countri post back countri countri countri german firm rout domest mail uk turnov uk postal oper increas cost dpag commerci interest ppo countri high postal tariff germani imped remail ppo countri low cross border tariff transit countri remail commerci interest encourag remail type remail relev assess present case call remail judgment join case deutsch post ag gesellschaft für zahlungssystem mbh citicorp kartenservic gmbh court justic european commun practic manner remail letter state post state deliveri state remail letter state post state deliveri state centralis mail distribut consequ ongo integr commun market transnat compani demand postal servic tailor made requir cost deliveri speed servic element order minimis product distribut cost maximis economi scale scope compani demand quot stop shop quot servic solut mail distribut increas extent transnat compani centralis mail activ limit number mail centr mail distribut custom number countri custom prefer deal seller countri languag experi show respons rate commerci mail higher custom respond countri resid transnat firm solv problem offer contact point countri indic local subsidiari agent respons address intern mail servic provid dpag dpag centralis mail servic transnat custom purchas tailor made distribut servic dpag recognis quot custom oper internation demand high qualiti broad rang servic sic singl sourc stop shop quot deutsch post global mail subsidiari dpag customis servic solut intern letter mail busi custom includ intern address bulk mail servic commun wide mail servic carri dpag distribut mail behalf oracl corpor compani distribut bulk mail addresse european countri dpag germani recipi possibl repli telephon fax nation free charg telephon number dpag market centralis intern mail servic quot intern mail servic advis optim intern mail activ suppos softwar compani base germani plan send mail shot repli option recipi countri simultan mail piec consist element envelop letter brochur intern mail servic check updat address file person mail shot accord convent countri signific factor mail shot success quot dpag estim market share german market outgo cross border mail approxim main target group intern busi custom send larg volum busi mail direct mail public ad item dpag compet directli bpo oper uk market outgo cross border mail competit dpag tender pan european contract american express compani time distribut mail european custom distribut centr uk convent univers postal union univers postal union upu specialis agenc unit nation intern bodi respons postal matter gener member unit nation member upu upu convent regulatori framework intern exchang mail upu hold congress year convent review revis upu convent statu treati govern upu member state enter upu congress held beij august septemb revis upu convent upu enter forc januari version upu convent hereinaft call upu upu upu relev present case articl upu convent administr power ppo respect remail articl upu prescrib quot post abroad letter post item member countri bound forward deliv addresse letter post item sender resid territori post post foreign countri object profit favour rate condit provis set appli distinct letter post item made sender countri resid carri frontier letter item made foreign countri administr destin claim sender fail administr post payment intern rate sender administr administr post agre pai rate time limit set administr destin return item administr post entitl claim reimburs redirect cost handl accord legisl member countri bound forward deliv addresse letter post item sender post post larg quantiti countri countri resid receiv remuner administr destin claim administr post payment commensur cost incur exce higher amount domest tariff equival item sdr item sdr kilogramm administr post agre pai amount claim time limit set administr destin administr destin return item administr post entitl claim reimburs direct cost handl accord legisl quot dpag argu major disput mail case hand time dpag upu forc germani articl upu similar articl upu main materi differ fact version articl contain addit sentenc subsequ delet version articl upu read quot member countri bound forward deliv addresse letter post item sender resid territori post post foreign countri object profit lower charg forc appli item post larg quantiti post made view benefit lower charg quot dpag maintain transposit upu german law enter forc decemb argu posit support german case law bpo contest dpag view alleg upu enter forc earlier date upu receiv ppo invok articl bulk mail post abroad domest sender object upu ppo prove mail post abroad order benefit lower tariff foreign countri order invok provis definit sender disput parti present case stem fundament disagr constitut sender postal item version upu convent mention includ definit term sender purpos articl ppo interpret term sender differ bpo dpag maintain respect interpret quot sender quot concur articl upu definit sender postal direct postal direct stipul definit term sender quot sender natur legal person respons origin postal item quot definit sender postal direct interpret wide diverg wai bpo dpag opinion respect interpret consist definit sender postal direct materi definit sender dpag repeatedli state action incom cross border mail fulli line german case law definit dpag term materi definit sender quot der materiel absenderbegriff quot defin case law german court definit prima faci assumpt made ident sender person appear address addresse base appear postal item includ content assum sender relev materi definit sender dpag interpret recent question german court dpag interpret materi definit sender broadli practic inclus content cross border mail refer entiti resid germani form german repli address interpret mail german sender irrespect physic origin mail repli commiss statement object dpag argu commiss misrepres dpag applic materi definit sender dpag set criteria account mail examin dpag refer domest german sender ii stationeri belong domest firm iii indic domest repli address iv possibl custom contact domest entiti order good obtain inform possibl custom pai good domest vi signatur repres domest compani vii fact domest compani address custom measur complain order substanti complaint bpo provid inform larg number cross border mail dpag intercept claim surcharg order deliv mail german addresse serv exampl bpo provid detail inform mail compani intercept delai surcharg dpag exampl idea direct fidel invest gant dealt detail addit demand payment bpo dpag case claim surcharg uk sender sender repres germani origin complaint file commiss februari dpag made larg number addit claim previous uncontest mail bpo subsequ submit evid case dpag delai releas intercept cross border mail lengthi period time case multipl zone address idea direct uk compani idea direct idea direct subsidiari direct group intern regist uk main busi idea direct sell consum good custom uk franc belgium netherland germani case ident mail promot materi catalogu simultan uk countri novemb mail complain mail post idea direct uk postal item intercept dpag latest novemb bpo claim agre novemb pai amount claim dpag bpo mail releas dpag novemb total delai ten dai mail novemb contain catalogu cover letter german produc print uk addresse request respond letter send coupon idea direct agent germani mail produc post uk german agent stage involv product prepar mail main activ agent includ place advertis magazin oper computeris order data system behalf princip agent task mail campaign question receiv order german custom forward princip uk order product despatch idea direct uk custom germani agent perform similar task behalf number client dpag disclos exact date intercept novemb mail refut fact mail intercept novemb latest maintain commun bpo dpag novemb includ undertak bpo part pai surcharg dpag bpo agre pai claim amount novemb dpag releas mail dai commun bpo novemb confirm releas place dai earlier dpag conclud mail held back ten dai nation court proceed idea direct decemb idea direct issu summon dpag hamburg region court dpag claim surcharg amount eur item idea direct amount claim substanti larger previou claim address bpo mail eman idea direct uk octob hamburg region court order idea direct uk pai dpag claim sum interest dpag litig cost idea direct file appeal judgment hamburg region court bpo strong concern outcom proceed commiss stress fact idea direct small compani support legal battl dpag retroact claim mail dpag continu surcharg mail idea direct letter novemb dpag request bpo pai surcharg idea direct mail item total dpag receiv januari septemb claim surcharg amount eur fax dpag maintain quot avoid disturb intra commun mail servic record circumst deliv letter addresse receiv reliabl inform sender content mail prove case articl par upu convent quot februari dpag fax bpo state receiv total mail item idea direct uk octob decemb request bpo pai total surcharg eur fax statement made dpag quot avoid disturb intra commun mail servic record circumst deliv letter addresse receiv reliabl inform content mail prove case articl par case domest address idea direct print cover letter repli postcard ad mail quot march commiss request dpag provid detail inform mail inter alia idea direct intercept includ intercept date respons dpag claim mail intercept delai submiss commiss dpag reiter statement mail idea direct intercept delai dpag dpag gave reason quot deutsch post ag possess sampl mail longer hold back mail order establish claim quot commiss request bpo confirm fact mail idea direct germani bpo contain sampl mail item dpag confirm request commiss idea direct mail question held back addresse contact dpag receiv sampl mail addresse mail forward recipi delai fidel invest fidel invest servic fidel invest transnat compani activ financi servic sector regist offic bahama uk hold compani fidel invest manag fidel invest group offic pari frankfurt amsterdam madrid stockholm luxembourg zürich offic essenti provid custom support serv custom member state frankfurt offic oper group german subsidiari fidel invest servic gmbh offic regularli post mail smaller scale handl bulk mail centralis group european servic centr uk fidel invest bpo distribut number mail addresse commun mail contain prospectu cover letter german cover letter state german custom send repli fidel invest gmbh frankfurt mail march april intercept dpag enter germani april dpag notifi bpo intercept mail copi sampl letter date march attach notif form bpo bpo rais issu dpag april intercept mail fidel invest dpag respond dai state latest mail releas reiter claim surcharg payment mail fidel invest held back dpag week bpo maintain mail delai bpo agre pai surcharg half dpag receiv mail total item fidel invest uk dpag present claim mail time year fax bpo decemb dpag request bpo pai surcharg eur fax dpag state quot avoid disturb intra commun mail servic record circumst deliv letter addresse receiv reliabl inform content mail prove case articl par upu convent case address firm print cover letter mail quot shortli decemb dpag request fidel invest german subsidiari pai surcharg mail item mention reason dpag decis contact consid sender failur bpo repli time limit dpag dpag letter bpo februari state receiv mail item fidel invest uk januari septemb total sum claim amount eur februari dpag letter bpo claim octob decemb dpag receiv total mail item fidel invest uk dpag claim surcharg amount eur bpo letter contain sentenc similar quot dpag submit commiss sampl includ content mail fidel invest uk bpo suppli commiss copi letter dpag addresse fidel invest mail letter dpag request addresse waiv right secreci enclos commun fidel invest reason dpag request quot presumpt sender letter appli intern rule abus manner quot fidel invest react strongli fact dpag address directli custom fidel invest impli fidel invest abus defin intern rule compani subsequ strong concern bpo dpag letter bpo fidel invest state quot extrem anxiou reput maintain highest level jurisdict oper commun natur extrem advers impact reput imag marketplac quot fidel invest recent decid stop send mail bound germani uk process build print product site germani compani german custom serv dpag confirm origin respons complaint juli dpag receiv mail fidel invest bpo march april basi materi definit sender dpag argu german subsidiari fidel invest sender mail march commiss request dpag provid detail inform mail inter alia fidel invest intercept includ intercept date time dpag claim mail intercept delai repli commiss statement object dpag claim longer identifi mail bpo refer dpag ad receiv mail fidel invest dpag fell articl upu april dpag quot record quot case evid document submit commiss dpag detail record mail come fidel invest uk dpag point correspond april refer fidel invest mail notifi bpo april year dpag submit mail intercept april releas dai submiss commiss dpag state half dpag intercept delai mail fidel invest explan dpag quot deutsch post ag possess inform establish payment claim german court longer deutsch post ag point view collect inform order prove criteria materi definit sender met mail forward limit period time establish payment claim quot commiss request bpo confirm fact mail fidel invest germani bpo half contain sampl mail item dpag confirm commiss request fidel invest mail question held back addresse contact dpag receiv sampl mail addresse mail forward recipi delai gant gant american cloth brand gant cloth market countri compani regist sweden pyramid sportswear ab franchise brand market usa commun gant cloth sold select retail outlet call quot gant store quot gant store european countri includ germani düsseldorf base german store oper compani pyramid sportswear gmbh fulli own subsidiari pyramid sportswear ab gant regularli distribut catalogu regist custom europ catalogu request return repli card local gant store repli forward sweden bulk mail advertis materi catalogu post uk european custom main reason fact request catalogu eman uk bulk mail produc pyramid sportswear ab sweden transport uk post bpo except mail swedish custom rout uk autumn catalogu bpo refer mail autumn catalogu form part gant store advertis campaign mail item distribut european custom septemb septemb dpag inform bpo mail intercept septemb bpo request dpag releas mail immedi repli dai dpag reiter consid mail remail conclud quot letter stai present köln west quot fax dpag bpo septemb confirm mail held dpag order secur releas time sensit mail bpo agre pai claim amount exact date intercept exact date releas mail bpo letter dpag date octob german subsidiari pyramid sportswear ab complain fact gant autumn catalogu mail held back week bpo notifi dai mail stop letter pyramid sportswear gmbh maintain market campaign failur due excess delai articl advertis catalogu longer düsseldorf store pyramid sportswear gmbh claim reimburs amount eur dpag cost quot lost quot advertis campaign loss goodwil dpag refus reimburs pyramid sportswear gmbh dpag maintain respons complaint juli posit materi sender mail german subsidiari pyramid sportswear gmbh assess base inter alia fact repli coupon carri address gant store düsseldorf attach catalogu dpag confirm bpo notifi intercept septemb disclos mail intercept dpag maintain delai caus bpo unwilling meet dpag claim repli statement object dpag state commiss evid mail intercept dpag claim bpo agre pai surcharg date dpag claim forward mail octob final disclos dpag autumn catalogu bpo submit commiss copi letter remail case control form dpag date septemb bpo notifi intercept gant mail letter form mail consist item total intercept august letter septemb dpag state quot absenc suffici inform content real sender record circumst deliv letter addresse quot letter dpag quot receiv reliabl inform content quot claim surcharg amount eur bpo mail question contain autumn gant store catalogu distribut gant german custom catalogu produc distribut manner catalogu remail case control form return dpag bpo ad messag quot incred dpag month notifi stop agre quot late stage proceed submiss commiss dpag state mail releas remail case control form letter bpo septemb dpag submiss inform actual date releas mail dpag argu mail forward addresse longer urgent dpag notifi bpo request commiss clarifi issu dpag state mail forward septemb multipl zone bpo submit februari evid mail uk intercept delai surcharg dpag exampl refer mail compani multipl zone firm belong american extensi corpor group compani mail question total item eman european head offic group plantijn groep bv situat netherland letter return inform quot undeliver return hol fs box london ec qr unit kingdom quot mean fax bpo inform februari mail multipl zone stop dpag februari dai earlier dpag claim surcharg amount eur return remail case control form bpo repli dai agre pai claim surcharg form bpo ad statement quot previou case prejudic content stop surcharg mail british post offic prepar undertak settl surcharg levi deutsch post ag order secur releas mail reserv recov payment wrongfulli demand quot bpo agreement pai mail releas februari dai bpo agre reimburs dpag dai initi intercept mail custom inform bpo respons rate mail low germani dpag argu repli commiss statement object envelop mail question inform sender mail dpag view uk return address back envelop regard piec inform basi content letter dpag argu materi sender german compani multipl zone gmbh acknowledg fact dutch compani extensi europ appear content mail dpag claim fact multipl zone gmbh written larger typefac determin factor identifi german sender dpag claim bpo failur submit agreement pai condit fact bpo fail react dai reason dpag hold back mail februari bpo slow react dpag releas mail earlier dpag claim dpag confirm releas multipl zone mail fax date februari dpag ad remark quot royal mail refus payment link payment condit tantamount refus reserv claim payment direct sic sender quot fax bpo date februari dpag made statement quot note fact prioriti safeguard interest deutsch post custom item compani multipl zone germani gmbh releas regrett delai due surpris statement royal mail reserv chang respons procedur order safeguard claim vi vi sender contact sender view clarifi item produc great britain transfer simpli post quot submiss commiss dpag state bpo refus pai condit oblig dpag substanti claim vi vi sender contact addresse request sampl content letter dpag acquir evid deem mail forward addresse februari dpag procedur incom cross border letter mail uk volum cross border mail come germani dpag fall articl upu larg dpag estim incom cross border mail qualifi remail fall articl upu year dpag claim handl approxim amp gt case bulk mail fall articl total number mail item dpag classifi remail amount million million dpag handl amp gt case dpag invok articl upu bpo procedur dpag examin incom cross border letter mail uk summaris incom mail screen respons sort offic order determin outer appear postal item mail domest sender mail evid dpag sender resid uk forward addresse delai appli mail dpag consid time sensit dpag suspect mail domest sender definit materi sender mail intercept approxim ten addresse contact post ask provid dpag sampl mail dpag confirm process contact addresse mail receiv written consent open mail take work dai averag fact procedur take week confirm statement made dpag fax bpo fax dpag state quot abovement mail stop decemb check address sic content check last week inform decemb quot dpag establish exist consid domest sender remail case control form fax bpo form includ inter alia dpag case number dai intercept mail presum domest sender amount claim surcharg bpo request return form indic view origin mail bpo agre pai claim amount dpag releas intercept mail commiss request dpag estim averag delai caus procedur appli dpag time need intercept examin content notif bpo receipt agreement quot add cost quot bpo releas mail respons commiss april dpag state due inabl bpo respond quickli dpag demand averag respons time bpo amount week prolong total delai intercept mail mail evid uk sender present dpag forward send postal oper entiti resid germani dpag consid sender made bind commit pai claim amount case mail delai week half dpag adopt altern method deal alleg case remail remail case control form dpag quot record circumst quot mail mail forward addresse dpag record process entail registr date arriv number mail item mail weight size item repli commiss request inform april dpag claim mail handl manner case call physic remail forward deliv addresse delai correspond dpag bpo regard sampl item mail open examin mail forward dpag appear procedur parallel time dpag intercept examin mail item come uk year number risen amp gt item percentag increas approxim steep increas number intercept mail explain fact dpag claim bpo initi major market campaign target compani situat germani encourag rout domest mail uk dpag view alleg market effort made bpo germani oblig dpag intensifi examin incom cross border mail uk financi settlement octob bpo dpag announc reach settlement financi aspect disput conclud memorandum understand time settlement bpo paid dpag sum eur bpo total sum dpag consid entitl increas eur point time memorandum parti agre inter alia ii iii parti recognis continu differ understand applic articl upu applic eu bpo pursu complaint commiss undertak june dpag made undertak relat commiss quot deutsch post ag invok right set articl upu articl upu letter mail correspond type commiss decis paragraph produc germani deliv deutsch post ag countri postal oper pai termin due equal determin standard amount time deliveri mail current futur version reim ii agreement ii handl letter mail type paragraph deutsch post ag declar claim payment domest tariff pursuant articl upu articl upu made mail return doubt aris applic undertak specif case deutsch post attach maximum letter item accompani letter addresse addresse ask evid purpos provid deutsch post ag open mail item deutsch post forward mail item delai iii altern procedur paragraph ii deutsch post immedi forward deliv domest addresse letter mail type paragraph send foreign postal oper time deliveri deutsch post ag open sampl item content correspond content letter item mail iv undertak enter forc month notif commiss decis case comp deutsch post ag intercept cross border mail quot procedur issu chronolog procedur main step commiss examin formal procedur summaris correspond relev procedur aspect case descript footnot februari file complaint juli dpag respons complaint octob submiss bpo decemb request inform bpo januari bpo repli request inform februari submiss bpo march request inform dpag march request inform american express servic europ april dpag repli request inform april submiss dpag april american express servic europ repli request inform june complementari american express servic europ repli request inform issu statement object letter dpag member commiss respons competit june letter dpag commiss june letter dpag commiss june letter commiss dpag june dpag grant access case file juli letter dpag commiss juli letter bpo commiss juli letter bpo commiss juli letter commission dpag juli letter commiss dpag august letter dpag commiss august letter commiss dpag august letter commiss dpag septemb dpag repli statement object octob letter bpo commiss novemb submiss bpo novemb hear decemb submiss dpag decemb submiss ptt post bv decemb submiss center parc nv januari letter bpo commiss januari letter dpag commiss februari letter dpag commiss februari letter dpag commiss februari letter dpag commiss februari letter dpag commiss februari letter commiss dpag march letter commiss dpag march letter bpo commiss march letter dpag commiss march letter dpag commiss march letter commiss dpag april letter commiss dpag april letter dpag commiss submiss dpag letter dpag commiss june undertak dpag submit commiss right defenc procedur dpag alleg right defenc infring alleg made seri letter commiss dpag repli statement object hear includ element numer document allegedli miss file dpag grant access june ii memorandum bpo commiss octob immedi forward dpag iii exculpatori document deliber remov file dpag grant access iv dpag suffici time prepar defenc object rais commiss alleg commiss make assess commiss ascertain case allegedli miss document fact present file time dpag grant access allegedli miss document result copi error made dpag repres allegedli miss document eman dpag previous receiv dpag document inadvert remov file time access page fax dpag commiss april dpag fulli awar content commun argument rais dpag fax address commiss statement object mean form integr part file commiss base object ii bpo memorandum octob made dpag time access file commiss oblig submit document respond formal proceed initi iii specif request dpag fail substanti alleg exculpatori document remov file iv dpag grant week prepar repli commiss statement object oppos normal period week dpag request date hear postpon week dpag addit period week addit week outset prepar comment excerpt draft decis bear consider mind commiss consid dpag right defenc infring present proceed ii legal assess applic articl treati ppo dpag subject provis articl treati undertak carri econom activ payment provis postal servic relev market relev product market present case concern convey normal oppos express cross border letter mail uk addresse resid germani process divid separ product market market outgo cross border letter mail postal oper collect mail sender resid member state deliveri addresse member state ii market incom cross border letter mail member state receiv ppo postal oper offer deliveri servic present case concern behaviour market fact limit competit deliveri incom cross border mail fall scope postal monopoli delin narrow relev product market relev product market market forward deliveri incom cross border letter mail relev geograph market postal market predominantli nation appli deliveri stage convey process ow exist member state wide rang monopoli reserv incumb oper incom cross border mail lack altern deliveri solut make competit situat similar monopoli threshold present case concern dpag behaviour german market relev geograph market consid nation conclus commiss find market forward deliveri incom cross border letter mail germani relev market present case domin posit court justic european commun repeatedli held compani hold statutori monopoli substanti part commun regard domin posit mean articl treati dpag award wide rang exclus licenc forward deliveri incom cross border letter mail germani virtu exclus right grant dpag oper control public postal network cover territori germani repli commiss statement object dpag claim commiss assess dpag market posit insuffici commiss fail demonstr exist domin posit dpag german postal monopoli partial dpag argu dpag monopoli cover bulk mail mail item weigh gram mail present case belong market segment monopoli quot limit signific quot dpag state commiss fail account posit dpag competitor possibl circumv monopoli dpag countervail market power bpo dpag submit commiss inform posit german market incom cross border letter mail approxim express term total letter market germani relev market form part theoret open competit competitor dpag account quot competit quot market segment dpag share total letter market includ monopoli servic exceed year figur confirm nation regulatori author germani estim dpag market share market dpag statement type mail concern present case belong market segment dpag monopoli quot limit signific quot incorrect larg portion disput mail januari date bulk mail monopoli threshold germani reduc gram overwhelm part revenu postal sector gener item lower weight band averag monopoli threshold gram leav approxim revenu deriv letter monopoli gram threshold leav approxim express term volum larger portion letter market remain exclus incumb fraction incom bulk letter mail exce monopoli threshold bulk mail ident content fall scope dpag monopoli german postal act limit number featur differ content order qualifi ident provis prevent larg portion mail item weigh gram gram fall monopoli substanti part mail concern case hand fall scope dpag monopoli major bulk mail item weigh gram gram ident content realiti forward deliv dpag dpag postal oper germani offer nation wide deliveri servic low price circumst explan dpag manag approxim total letter market turnov partial open market practic sender bulk mail altern deliveri servic dpag commiss conclud virtual incom cross border letter mail germani forward deliv incumb due exist extens monopoli avail altern nationwid deliveri network bpo practic oblig servic dpag order bulk mail bound germani deliv addresse fact case illustr lack altern deliveri solut bpo dpag abil act manner independ bpo dpag competitor relev market commiss find dpag hold domin posit german market forward deliveri incom cross border letter mail germani constitut substanti part european commun alleg inapplic articl ec treati origin respons complaint juli dpag contest applic articl present case submiss dpag argu articl appli present case compani instig measur bpo termin due receiv bpo mail cover dpag deliveri cost bpo alleg market campaign direct german sender dpag claim oblig measur dpag refer case law court justic stipul articl applic anticompetit measur undertak initi articl appli intern regul depriv undertak possibl behav competit manner dpag refer statement court justic quot articl treati appli anti competit conduct engag undertak initi anti competit conduct requir undertak nation legisl creat legal framework elimin possibl competit activ part articl appli quot dpag fail mention statement court justic paragraph judgment quot articl appli found nation legisl preclud undertak engag autonom conduct prevent restrict distort competit quot fact measur concern initi dpag volit upu convent german domest law provis oblig dpag intercept surcharg delai incom cross border mail articl upu member countri intercept mail provid condit met upu member countri wide margin discret intercept incom cross border mail fulfil criteria set articl upu german domest law provis ident contain articl upu impos oblig dpag intercept surcharg delai incom cross border letter mail conclus appli version upu invok point time articl upu articl upu articl upu legal framework elimin possibl competit behaviour dpag part preclud dpag engag autonom conduct anticompetit conclud dpag retain autonomi conduct regard dpag argument action quot trigger quot allegedli anticompetit behaviour bpo irrelev case behaviour competitor exclud undertak applic articl abus domin posit introduct undertak domin posit special respons conduct impair undistort competit common market actual scope domin firm special respons consid relat degre domin held firm special characterist market affect competit situat commiss analys measur dpag pattern behaviour set separ measur assess individu dpag behaviour consist princip element frequent intercept incom cross border letter mail ii surcharg incom cross border letter mail iii frequent delai extens period time releas incom cross border letter mail intercept repli statement object dpag claim commiss fail investig gener manner behaviour dpag evid submit bpo dpag complaint statement object contain limit number case number inadequ prove exist compani polici order prove commiss contact repres number bpo custom dpag argu fact commiss assess present case larg extent base documentari evid letter fax remail control form origin dpag statement made dpag proceed documentari evid compris suffici larg number incid order identifi pattern behaviour dpag part note quot case quot refer dpag includ larg number individu mail albeit limit number token sender case file number exampl reaction sender mail intercept surcharg delai dpag mere fact dpag systemat initi court proceed germani entiti resid germani dpag consid materi sender incom cross border letter mail clear indic exist compani polici regard definit sender argument put forward dpag dpag argu notion materi definit sender confirm german court behaviour result applic definit concur german case law dpag argu court justic implicitli condon materi definit sender gz amp citicorp judgment assess dpag seek justifi treatment incom cross border mail refer nation case law commiss judg dpag behaviour present case compat nation law case behaviour question infring commun law commiss assess extent materi definit sender interpret dpag action dpag pretext present case compat commun law gz amp citicorp case court justic quot grant member state postal servic statutori charg intern postag item mail sender resid state post item post larg quantiti postal servic member state order send member state quot clear postal item origin germani sender resid countri present case situat gz amp citicorp court justic acknowledg ppo principl charg domest tariff remail item invok articl upu court establish articl upu invok basi specif condit court address explicitli implicitli question compat materi definit sender commun law case court concern request preliminari rule pursuant articl ec treati number legal question refer court nation court germani german court court justic address question materi definit sender examin definit sender appli dpag order respond question put court assess criteria appli dpag present case accept commun law assess criteria list dpag concern appear content mail item order identifi sender postal item find person produc item person respons inform found certainti examin content postal item order qualifi remail dpag definit transfer inform physic physic countri countri link germani inclus refer content mail entiti resid countri link virtual lead erron classif dpag normal cross border mail virtual remail behaviour result classif imped free flow mail member state examin relev fact commiss conclus ident sender disput mail exampl dpag allegedli anticompetit behaviour idea direct mail question produc post idea direct uk compani enter contractu relationship send postal oper letter inform contain germani order post back germani uk idea direct uk consid sender mail sender german addresse resid member state ground dp alleg idea direct mail constitut case remail idea direct mail consid ordinari cross border mail fidel invest mail question germani order post back german addresse uk mail produc post fidel invest uk german subsidiari fidel invest involv stage product post mail fidel invest uk conclud contractu relationship send postal oper fidel invest uk regard sender mail question sender addresse resid member state ground dp alleg mail fidel invest constitut case remail mail question regard ordinari cross border mail gant mail concern germani order post back german addresse uk mail produc made readi post pyramid sportswear sweden transport uk post germani number european countri bpo pyramid sportswear sweden regard sender disput mail sender addresse resid member state mail consid remail argu postal monopoli countri infring type mail swedish british ppo parti reim ii termin due receiv dpag letter directli swedish sender uk remail transfer countri countri legal situat rule appli ordinari cross border mail multipl zone mail question germani post back addresse germani uk mail produc european head offic extensi corpor plantijn groep bv netherland transport uk post forward germani bpo plantijn groep bv regard sender mail constitut case remail conclus materi definit sender interpret dpag present case fail account contractu econom realiti mail result erron classif normal cross border mail virtual remail accept dpag interpret materi definit sender dpag determin ident sender basi irrelev criteria dpag postal oper determin postal custom organis activ present addresse prepar mail commiss find materi definit sender appli dpag present case incompat commun law abus dpag behaviour present case intercept surcharg delai normal incom cross border letter mail characteris infring articl treati basi separ legal argument argument set discrimin dpag treat differ incom cross border letter mail consid quot genuin quot intern mail letter mail refer entiti resid germani hand incom cross border letter mail consid virtual remail basi inclus refer entiti resid germani entiti subsidiari agent locat germani case dpag charg bpo termin due agre respect ppo bpo charg uk sender normal cross border tariff calcul applic termin due case dpag charg bpo sender full domest tariff applic germani higher case dpag perform servic collect bag incom cross border letter mail recept point transport mail sort centr sort forward deliv addresse resid germani argument put forward dpag repli statement object dpag refut engag discriminatori behaviour base abovement set assess criteria dpag appli articl upu uniformli object dpag maintain behaviour cover articl upu dpag view articl upu implicitli ppo intercept delai mail mail subject assess dpag discrimin trade parti mail dpag view fall articl upu mail equival transact mail fall articl upu identifi process entitl dpag charg higher price dpag claim dpag claim quot person deliv mail post bpo quot trade partner dpag trade partner dpag case bpo dpag discrimin bpo final dpag claim behaviour lead direct neg effect consum consum consid addresse quot person deliv mail post bpo quot assess undertak award statutori monopoli forward deliveri incom cross border letter mail commiss consid dpag prima faci oblig ensur servic provid discriminatori manner court justic recent held gz amp citicorp judgment behaviour similar situat case hand constitut infring articl ec treati judgment court made statement quot order prevent bodi deutsch post exercis provid articl return item mail origin sender item choic pai full amount intern postag court state relat refus sell part undertak hold domin posit mean articl treati action inconsist object laid articl ec treati explain articl subparagraph paragraph quot situat case hand compar case put court justic court conclud discrimin categori domest mail normal domest mail circumv domest mail remail constitut abus articl treati present case dpag discrimin categori cross border letter mail depend foreign sender refer entiti resid germani charg price equival transact forward deliveri incom cross border letter mail dpag behav discriminatori manner tariff charg dpag justifi basi object econom factor dpag claim incur extra cost quot identif process quot mail classifi virtual remail dpag quantifi addit cost classif base erron assumpt extra cost incur exist charg sender incom cross border mail discriminatori manner discriminatori behaviour limit charg tariff custom indic refer mail entiti resid germani run higher risk mail delai dpag extens period time quot court justic gz amp citicorp judgment conclud discriminatori treatment mail categori constitut abus articl treati court reach conclus address question sender trade partner dpag due exist postal monopoli germani term trade partner refer voluntari commerci relationship undertak slightli interpret postal monopoli impos foreign sender commerci directli contractu relationship dpag sender uk contract bpo mail germani mail deliv dpag german addresse action dpag german market incom cross border letter mail directli affect commerci activ uk sender indirect relationship uk sender contract bpo dpag circumst commiss find sender regard trade partner dpag mean articl uk sender treat discriminatori manner dpag compani compet directli competit relationship mail order compani oper uk sell type good german consum compani treat differ depend content mail refer entiti resid germani behaviour dpag place trade parti mail intercept delai surcharg competit disadvantag dpag conced bpo trade partner deni treat bpo unequ dpag direct competit bpo relev market uk market outgo cross border letter mail addit cost incur bpo consequ surcharg claim dpag combin frequent disrupt mail traffic rout bpo uk germani put bpo competit disadvantag relat dpag dpag activ uk market outgo cross border letter mail uk custom experienc problem contract bpo induc servic dpag uk directli entir distribut chain order ensur speedi uninterrupt convey mail bound germani event court justic state list abus mention articl exhaust serv exampl wai domin firm abus market power articl appli absenc direct effect competit undertak market provis appli situat domin undertak behaviour damag directli consum sender disput mail consum postal servic due behaviour dpag consum affect neg pai price servic higher charg sender mail delai significantli likewis german addresse regard consum affect neg manner behaviour dpag incom mail delai prevent addresse benefit commerci offer made sender conclus commiss find dpag polici intercept surcharg delai incom cross border letter mail applic dissimilar condit equival transact dpag abus domin posit german market incom cross border letter mail manner put trade parti competit disadvantag context trade parti sender disput mail bpo absenc substanti neg effect trade parti behaviour dpag direct neg effect consum consum sender disput mail german addresse dpag behaviour constitut abus articl ec treati subparagraph paragraph refus suppli incom cross border mail classifi quot virtual quot remail dpag make suppli forward deliveri servic subject condit send postal oper entiti germani dpag consid domest sender agre pai surcharg full domest tariff minu applic termin due absenc agreement dpag repeatedli held back mail extens period time dpag treatment incom cross border letter mail constitut outright final refus suppli forward deliveri servic dpag refus deliv mail condit accept sender send postal oper due lack altern deliveri solut dpag put sender send postal oper situat order mail deliv delai choic pai surcharg claim dpag argument put forward dpag repli commiss statement object dpag refer judgment court justic gz amp citicorp case claim mail present case similar mail examin court imposit full domest tariff minu termin due articl upu regard contravent articl treati dpag claim refus suppli deliveri servic mail ultim deliv refer case law court justic dpag maintain refus suppli occur deliveri take place dpag view type abus quot refus suppli quot imposit unfair trade condit exclud suppli place imposit unfair trade condit similarli unfair trade condit impos suppli place refus suppli effect refus suppli strengthen long delai suppli case deliveri mail take place event quot delai quot place case idea direct fidel invest gant dpag claim repli commiss statement object dpag maintain interest whatsoev deliber delai incom cross border mail state commiss fail demonstr interest dpag part member reim ii agreement dpag subject strict target deliveri perform reim ii parti rigor control assess state disput mail present case regard ordinari cross border letter mail gz amp citicorp court justic specif address issu refus suppli mail intercept surcharg delai receiv ppo court consid quot order prevent bodi deutsch post exercis provid articl return item mail origin sender item choic pai full amount intern postag court state relat refus sell part undertak hold domin posit mean articl treati action inconsist object laid articl ec treati explain articl subparagraph paragraph quot concept refus suppli cover outright refus situat domin firm make suppli subject object unreason condit condit refus suppli term supplier object reason unaccept construct refus refus suppli basi unfair condit dpag treatment incom cross border mail constitut outright refus suppli forward deliveri servic incom cross border letter mail classifi virtual remail dpag make suppli forward deliveri servic subject condit send postal oper sender entiti resid germani dpag consid sender agre pai full domest tariff virtual incom cross border letter mail forward deliv dpag sender resid uk practic altern incumb postal oper deliveri mail accord view express court justic commiss consid custom dpag put posit order quot save quot mail choic pai full domest tariff refus dpag part suppli forward deliveri servic term accept sender send postal oper tantamount construct refus sell consequ refus dpag mail delai extens period time anticompetit effect construct refus sell reinforc substanti lengthi delai case base documentari evid statement dpag prove dpag delai deliveri normal cross border mail number instanc idea direct documentari evid case file clear dpag detail record mail idea direct handl basi evid commiss conclus drawn novemb mail intercept dpag latest novemb releas novemb earliest total delai dai ii novemb dpag claim surcharg bpo mail item total idea direct mail intercept dpag januari septemb documentari evid evid dpag examin content sampl item mail dpag late stage proceed confirm mail question held back dpag sampl addresse contact content mail return dpag addresse state process take dai averag addit time process eventu releas mail need commiss conclud mail question held back period dai iii februari dpag address claim surcharg bpo dpag total mail item idea direct intercept dpag octob decemb documentari evid show dpag examin content mail dpag confirm mail held back sampl addresse contact content mail return dpag addresse process take dai averag commiss conclud mail question held back period dai fidel invest inform submit dpag bpo evid dpag detail record fidel invest mail handl base documentari evid statement made dpag proceed conclus drawn commiss establish number mail exact date fidel invest mail march april intercept releas dpag claim dpag late stage proceed longer identifi mail lack credibl detail record mail fidel invest dpag acknowledg fact total mail fidel invest receiv april dpag consid fall articl upu case documentari evid file show dpag remail case control form notifi bpo form necessarili involv examin content entiti germani dpag consid sender form state process take dai averag addit time process eventu releas mail need commiss conclud mail question held back period dai ii decemb letter bpo dpag claim surcharg mail mail item total fidel invest receiv half bpo notifi dpag eleven month mail receiv evid document case file content mail examin dpag dpag confirm late stage proceed mail held back dpag sampl addresse contact content mail return dpag addresse state process contact addresse take dai averag addit time process eventu releas mail need commiss conclud mail question held back period dai iii februari dpag address surcharg claim bpo time mail item receiv octob decemb document case file show dpag examin content sampl item mail dpag confirm mail held back sampl addresse contact content mail return dpag addresse process take dai averag commiss conclud mail question held back period dai iv march dpag letter bpo contain surcharg claim mail item fidel invest receiv dpag januari septemb bpo notifi month mail receiv dpag documentari evid commiss file show dpag examin content sampl item mail dpag confirm mail held back dpag sampl addresse contact content mail return dpag addresse process take dai averag commiss conclud mail question held back period dai gant basi documentari evid case file statement dpag proceed conclus drawn actual event intercept dpag autumn catalogu mail gant notifi bpo septemb dpag fail disclos commiss actual date intercept claim mail releas octob conclud mail question delai dpag dai ii dpag remail control form mail gant item total autumn catalogu intercept august bpo notifi septemb dai expir dpag disclos late stage proceed mail question forward septemb commiss conclud mail held back dai multipl zone basi document commiss file conclus drawn actual event februari dpag notifi bpo intercept mail februari dai earlier agreement bpo dai pai claim amount dpag releas mail februari conclud mail delai dai bulk mail crucial sender count reason deliveri time sender depend fact postal oper provid reliabl servic order quot time quot deliveri postal item commerci activ commerci bulk mail quot perish quot sens extend delai strongli diminish negat commerci impact mail quot perish quot natur mail emphasis oblig monopoli oper delai deliveri origin postal oper sender entrust leg cross border servic collect sort forward outgo cross border letter mail suffer financi commerci receiv oper delai deliveri incom mail extend period time send postal oper reimburs client reliabl cross border servic put question dpag bpo direct competit uk market outgo cross border mail dpag clear interest imped time deliveri mail bpo addresse germani servic bpo perceiv unreli expens due frequent disrupt imposit surcharg uk sender turn dpag repres uk offer costli reliabl servic transnat firm centralis pan european mail activ induc reloc european distribut centr germani altern send mail bound german addresse domest dpag claim qualiti target control regim reim ii agreement make imposs dpag deliber delai deliveri incom cross border mail credibl reim ii deliveri target appli prioriti mail larg part cross border mail flow consist bulk mail qualiti reim ii member deliveri servic control year dispatch number test item transpond enabl track item total number test item uk germani number dpag state compar limit number test item relat total volum cross border mail uk germani year conclud delai case hand margin effect qualiti servic target stipul reim ii agreement bear mind commiss conclud reim ii regim limit restrain impact behaviour dpag respect conclus mail compani demonstr sender mail resid germani idea direct fidel invest gant multipl zone ground dpag delai releas mail strictli order identifi sender dpag counter argument delai part caus bpo inabl respond dpag claim irrelev claim unjustifi place term dpag suppli forward deliveri servic mail tantamount construct refus suppli dpag part neg impact refus aggrav ensu delai case delai long weaken substanti commerci impact mail commiss conclud dpag abus domin posit german market forward deliveri incom cross border letter mail refus deliv mail sender send postal oper agre pai full domest tariff dpag de facto refus suppli forward deliveri servic neg effect abus behaviour reinforc dpag delai deliveri period time extens weaken substanti commerci impact mail commiss find behaviour constitut contravent articl ec treati imposit unfair sell price court justic declar price found excess comparison econom infring articl effect curb parallel trade unfairli exploit custom domest tariff germani prioriti mail weight step eur present tariff introduc septemb previou tariff amount eur remain unchang year parti reim ii agreement dpag argu averag cost deliv addresse incom cross border letter mail item categori estim domest tariff base current tariff cost estim submit dpag reim ii parti averag cost estim eur incom cross border mail item dpag consid virtual remail dpag charg full domest tariff eur price estim averag cost argument put forward dp refer repli statement object gz amp citicorp judgment dpag maintain contrari articl treati charg full domest tariff minu termin due forward deliveri remail dpag reiter claim mail present case parallel examin court mail concern german sender dpag view dpag infring articl dpag maintain averag cost deliv item incom cross border mail domest tariff estim advoc dpag reim ii parti notif commiss averag estim cost parti reim ii averag basi estim dpag cost dpag argu assess case law court justic fair price test compar price econom good servic provid price set level bear reason relat econom servic provid regard excess effect unfairli exploit custom market open competit normal test appli compar price domin oper price charg competitor due exist dpag wide rang monopoli price comparison present case dpag recent introduc transpar intern cost account system reliabl data exist period time relev case commiss posit make detail cost analysi dpag averag cost servic question relev time period altern benchmark notif commiss reim ii agreement dpag signatori argu averag cost forward deliv incom cross border mail includ reason profit margin approxim domest tariff decis reim ii agreement commiss accept absenc reliabl cost data principl link termin due domest tariff conclud circumst preval time domest tariff repres yardstick assess cost deliveri dpag substanti claim estim averag cost deliv item incom cross border mail exce estim dpag parti reim ii agreement previous submit commiss percentag consid accur germani purpos present decis absenc reliabl cost account data commiss find estim averag cost deliveri incom cross border mail express percentag domest tariff submit dpag reim ii parti notif commiss serv benchmark estim dpag cost respect mention dpag charg full domest tariff eur item classifi quot virtual quot remail price estim averag cost estim econom servic stress connect postal servic bulk mail examin involv process mail larg volum respect profit margin item low averag profit margin item reim ii parti submit conclus evid effect domest tariff reliabl proxi averag cost deliv incom cross border mail agreement termin due averag cost lower nordic termin due agreement bilater agreement termin due conclud dutch swedish ppo set termin due domest tariff commiss cautiou approach declar parti adduc convinc evid conclus drawn termin due set domest rate commiss prescrib quot maximum level termin due allow pursuant decis exce domest tariff level unreason quot level benchmark econom servic question price charg dpag eur estim econom servic eur sweden post dpag high tariff oper activ high cost member state geograph condit sweden larg spars popul countri compar germani cost deliveri higher sweden germani termin due amount domest tariff sweden suffic cover sweden post deliveri cost bear mind dpag unsubstanti claim cost deliveri incom cross border letter mail exce domest tariff credibl conclus absenc substant evid averag econom deliv incom cross border mail item german addresse exce eur domest tariff commiss conclud price charg dpag incom cross border mail consid virtual remail eur exce averag econom servic commiss bear mind dpag statu monopolist abovement peculiar postal servic conclud tariff charg dpag suffici reason relationship real cost real servic provid dpag price exploit custom excess regard unfair sell price mean articl conclus commiss find dpag abus domin posit german market forward deliveri incom cross border letter mail impos custom unfair sell price full domest tariff imposit tariff object justifi dpag contraven articl treati subparagraph paragraph limit product market technic develop abus undertak domin posit consist limit product market technic develop prejudic consum domin firm limit provis servic prejudic seek avail infring articl provis appli situat domin undertak monopolist manner reduc output order increas revenu consequ increas price situat action domin firm limit activ firm argument put forward dp repli statement object dpag deni limit provis servic state commiss fail submit evid effect dpag demand reimburs entitl articl upu articl upu limit effect uk market outgo cross border mail consequ dpag behaviour dpag action justifi abovement articl procedur agre dpag bpo assess court justic previous conclud arrang limit market prejudic consum mean articl restrict competitor opportun compet domin firm decis british telecommun case concern provis restrict retransmiss telex messag commiss found provis constitut abus articl quot limit messag forward agenc activ prejudic custom locat eec member state quot commiss restrict quot limit develop market technolog prejudic relai oper custom prevent make effici exist telecommun system quot commiss previous consid domin firm indirect pressur competitor increas price constru desir domin compani limit product market technolog develop prejudic consum refer court justic made conclus judgment gz amp citicorp case quot court state relat refus sell part undertak hold domin posit mean articl treati action inconsist object laid articl ec treati explain articl subparagraph paragraph quot court justic made clear restrict deliveri mail effect imped sender commerci activ territori receiv postal oper activ send postal oper constitut abus articl ec treati state previous disput mail idea direct fidel invest gant multipl zone eman sender resid germani dpag argument delai partial consequ procedur agre dpag bpo irrelev arrang direct consequ dpag insist claim unjustifi arrang impos bpo dpag due fact dpag refus deliv mail unreason condit fulfil bpo altern conced dpag accord case law court justic commiss consid short run intercept surcharg delai limit directli output german market forward deliveri incom cross border letter mail surcharg impos send oper directli indirectli sender result unjustifi cost increas dpag behaviour affect neg sender send postal oper eventu consum long run dissatisfi custom discourag postal oper uk mail address final destin germani due frequent disrupt ensu qualiti servic decreas dpag place postal oper uk indirect pressur increas tariff order offset result cost increas uk postal oper increas uk germani cross border tariff substanti dpag limit product outgo cross border letter mail servic uk conclus dpag handl cross border letter mail come uk commiss find dpag limit product servic german market forward deliveri incom cross border letter mail prejudic consum ii limit postal oper opportun compet uk market outgo cross border letter mail bound germani prejudic consum dpag behaviour respect infring articl treati subparagraph paragraph effect trade member state trade member state affect due intern natur cross border mail articl treati postal oper statutori duti provid servic consid undertak entrust oper servic gener econom interest mean articl treati case competit rule appli obstruct perform task assign articl derog appli develop trade affect extent contrari interest commun argument put forward dp prior commiss issu statement object dpag time invok articl derog justif behaviour case hand repli commiss statement object dpag claim dpag invok provis relev proceed provis invok dpag gz citicorp case respect mail citicorp dpag view mail concern present case judgment gz citicorp case court justic conclud long system termin due cover cost receiv ppo applic articl upu remain instrument dpag order fulfil servic gener econom interest commiss articl manner restrict dpag possibl charg full domest tariff invok articl upu assess dpag consid undertak entrust oper servic gener econom interest mean articl treati state sender disput mail present case resid germani consider court justic gz citicorp judgment articl irrelev case hand present decis restrict dpag right justifi invok articl upu articl upu commiss consid dpag reli articl shown basi transpar detail reliabl intern cost account object reliabl market data applic competit rule present case obstruct dpag activ extent financi equilibrium univers servic jeopardis dpag fail demonstr extent financi equilibrium affect commiss find dpag abil fulfil univers servic oblig jeopardis applic competit rule case hand incom cross border mail uk gener fraction dpag total revenu postal tariff germani high letter servic divis dpag highli profit dpag financi strength consider event commiss consid dpag abus behaviour affect develop trade extent contrari interest commun reason articl derog applic articl regul pursuant articl regul commiss applic initi find infring articl treati decis requir undertak concern bring infring end quot materi definit sender quot interpret dpag present case measur dpag appli definit incompat commun law abus behaviour septemb earliest point time evid present case normal cross border mail intercept surcharg delai dpag memorandum understand parti octob satisfactori solut futur handl incom cross border mail dpag delai frequent futur consequ memorandum dpag continu surcharg normal cross border mail classifi virtual remail undertak submit dpag june bring infring end abus consid ongo commiss ensur certainti dpag genuin perman termin infring section ii order ensur dpag futur refrain action similar object effect commiss find adopt decis respect articl regul articl regul infring articl ec treati commit intention neglig sanction imposit fine million euro altern turnov undertak preced busi year whichev greater dpag awar fact behaviour question intercept surcharg delai larg number cross border letter mail item member state imped significantli free flow mail uk germani behaviour advers effect competit detriment bpo sender bear mind commiss conclud infring commit neglig dpag infring competit rule present penalis fine vari accord graviti durat infring case commiss impos symbol fine undertak commit infring reason commiss deem impos dpag symbol fine eur dpag behav manner partial accord case law german court fact commiss consid dpag behaviour respect determin certainti german case law conclud case law result situat legal situat unclear time major intercept surcharg delai present case place commun case law exist concern specif context cross border letter mail servic final undertak submit dpag introduc detail procedur process incom cross border letter mail avoid practic difficulti facilit detect futur infring occur adopt decis articl deutsch post ag infring articl ec treati intercept surcharg delai incom cross border letter mail uk sender germani refer content entiti resid germani articl deutsch post ag immedi bring end infring refer articl refrain futur repeat act conduct articl articl infring refer articl fine eur impos deutsch post ag fine paid month date notif decis bank account iban code swift bbvabebb european commiss banco bilbao vizcaya argentaria bbva avenu de art brussel expiri period interest automat payabl interest rate appli european central bank main refinanc oper work dai month decis adopt percentag point articl decis address deutsch post ag heinrich von stephan strass bonn articl decis enforc pursuant articl ec treati brussel juli commiss mario monti member commiss oj oj oj march bpo chang consignia plc public limit compani wholli own uk govern purpos decis quot british post offic bpo quot retain deutsch post group compani market deutsch post world net purpos decis deutsch post ag dpag dpag annual report publish purpos decis commiss consist irrevoc convers rate adopt council decemb convert german mark euro case amount concern period time prior date mail divis dpag compris busi divis mail commun letter packag parcel express direct market press distribut dpag annual report profit oper activ amortis goodwil ebita dpag annual report dpag annual report profit oper activ amortis goodwil ebita dpag annual report postal act postgesetz decemb bundesgesetzblatt part decemb section postal act tarifvergleich briefpost inlandstarif bi june referat regulierungsbehörd für telekommunik und post regtp nation regulatori author germani present domest tariff class letter weight step eur dem dpag monopoli reduc januari monopoli threshold ident bulk mail reduc gram gram section postal act exempt ad servic postal monopoli section postal act regtp year present report legisl bodi germani inter alia report includ regtp observ necess maintain exclus licenc section date set decemb kep nachrichten decemb document commiss file mid report regtp publish websit www regtp de commiss decis ec reim ii case comp oj reim ii agreement enter forc april commiss adopt decis pursuant articl treati exempt agreement decemb ppo member state tpg netherland signatori agreement termin due express percentag domest tariff receiv countri termin due increas annual provid receiv ppo met qualiti servic standard januari termin due increas level liberalis incom outgo intra commun cross border mail studi commun ppo ask estim market share estim share outgo cross border mail vari instanc deutsch post ag gegen tnt mailfast gmbh ref cologn region court april tnt mailfast gmbh gegen deutsch post ag ref kart düsseldorf higher region court april dhl worldwid express gmbh gegen deutsch post ag judgment düsseldorf higher region court april liberalis incom outgo intra commun cross border mail pp commun ppo estim market share incom cross border letter mail vari oj direct open ppo total mail turnov competit practic ppo retain small share busi theoret open competit ecr paragraph preliminari rule respons question refer court justic frankfurt main higher region court pursuant articl ec treati common posit paper revis direct ec publish dpag tnt post group nv sweden post februari document commiss file deutsch post global mail previous call intern mail servic gmbh dpag brochur quot zum beispiel oracl context cartridg quot annex dpag respons commiss request inform april document commiss file underlin commiss dpag promot brochur deliv publish januari document commiss file dpag quot unvollständig verkaufsprospekt quot octob dpag quot unvollständig verkaufsprospekt quot octob letter american express commiss april document commiss file articl upu upu articl articl sentenc underlin commiss refer judgment german feder constitut court bverfg ff bpo maintain upu enter forc retroact januari footnot dpag refer definit quot materiel absenderbegriff quot sender quot person impress perceiv reason recipi address direct person interest commun addresse quot frankfurt main higher region court decis march njw rr pp judgment berlin region court ref dpag franklin mint gmbh novemb judgment court conclud strict applic materi definit sender account actual origin mail question incorrect judgment bonn region court ref center parc nv dpag septemb court conclud dpag interpret materi sender incorrect conclud center parc nv netherland sender german subsidiari center parc gmbh amp kg judgment düsseldorf higher region court ref kart dpag comfort card septemb court conclud dpag interpret materi sender incorrect reject dpag claim dpag repli statement object ident languag contact address cover letter dpag notifi bpo intercept fax novemb state mail stop document commiss file fax bpo dpag novemb bpo request dpag quot releas mail quot quot bpo cost quot document commiss file fax dpag bpo novemb state mail releas releas place document commiss file agent trade framar intern regist compani werbung und dienstleistungen für versandhandel gmbh fax bpo dpag novemb includ statement quot royal mail intern agre pai cost releas idea direct termin due account quot document commiss file repli statement object dpag submit copi fax bpo decemb mail forward dai note dpag chang view point proceed initi respons complaint dpag confirm mail releas novemb dpag respons complaint juli document commiss file summon incorrectli direct idea direct osterbekstrass hamburg address framar intern summon receiv court januari fact compani trade idea direct domicil address summon accept german court document commiss file deutsch post ag gegen idea direct ref judgment hamburg region court octob underlin commiss letter dpag bpo novemb includ attach record mail idea direct document commiss file underlin commiss fax dpag bpo februari document commiss file commiss request inform march document commiss file dpag respons request inform april document commiss file dpag submiss commiss dpag letter commiss verfügt die deutsch post ag über mustersendungen dass es kein anhalten zur prüfung mehr bedurft commun bpo commiss dpag letter commiss dpag remail case control form fax dpag bpo april document commiss file document commiss file fax bpo dpag april document commiss file fax dpag bpo april document commiss file letter bpo dpag april bpo maintain quot understand fidel uk meet todai decid releas mail person gave authoris releas mail week ago normal process agre administr quot document commiss file dpag record receiv mail fidel invest uk bpo decemb document commiss file underlin commiss fax dpag bpo decemb document commiss file sampl mail item includ content date octob attach letter document commiss file letter dpag fidel invest servic gmbh decemb annex bpo memorandum novemb letter dpag bpo februari document commiss file letter dpag bpo februari document commiss file letter fidel invest german custom date march june document commiss file letter dpag date august addresse fidel invest mail document commiss file quot die vermutung dass der absend dieser sendungen international regelungen missbräuchlich verwendet quot letter fidel invest bpo octob document commiss file hear held novemb bpo memorandum novemb dpag respons complaint juli document commiss file dpag respons complaint juli document commiss file commiss request inform march document commiss file dpag respons request inform april document commiss file dpag repli statement object septemb document commiss file submit bpo copi dpag databas detail inform intercept mail fidel invest case number date intercept number item document commiss file dpag repli statement object septemb fax dpag bpo april dpag state mail quot releas quot document commiss file dpag submiss commiss da die informationen die zur durchsetzung de zahlungsanspruch vor deutschen gerichten benötigt wurden vorhanden waren bestand au sicht der deutschen post ag kein notwendigkeit weiter ermittlungen darüber anzustellen ob die voraussetzungen de materiellen absenderbegriff erfüllt waren die sendungen waren zeitnah weitergeleitet worden es ging lediglich noch darum die zahlungsansprüch geltend zu machen commun bpo commiss dpag letter commiss fax dpag bpo septemb document commiss file fax dpag claim discov remail pyramid sportswear gmbh item dpag case control number mail copi sampl envelop catalogu attach fax fax bpo dpag septemb document commiss file fax dpag bpo septemb document commiss file fax dpag bpo septemb document commiss file letter pyramid sportswear gmbh dpag octob document commiss file letter pyramid sportswear gmbh make clear distribut gant catalogu gant store europ central uk dpag respons complaint juli pp document commiss file dpag repli statement object septemb copi intern dpag record fax dpag octob fax forward mail approv bpo agreement pai surcharg record mail releas dai dpag repli statement object septemb annex dpag letter remail case control form septemb document commiss file dpag letter remail case control form septemb document commiss file remail case control form septemb document commiss file dpag letter commiss dpag letter commiss dpag submit support evid confirm date releas dpag repli statement object septemb annex remail case control form dpag bpo februari document annex commiss file underlin commiss remail case control form return dpag bpo februari document commiss file dpag repli statement object septemb pp dpag repli statement object septemb pp dpag submiss april document commiss file dpag repli statement object septemb context ender refer dpag entiti germani dpag consid materi sender fax dpag bpo februari titl remailingfallbearbeitung document annex commiss file underlin commiss fax dpag bpo februari document annex commiss file dpag submiss commiss dpag magazin post forum spezial novemb document commiss file passag bracket busi secret delet passag bracket busi secret delet passag bracket busi secret delet dpag repli statement object septemb passag bracket busi secret delet dpag repli statement object septemb dpag respons commiss articl request inform april document commiss file addit dpag address issu repli commiss statement object septemb hear held novemb hear novemb dpag disclos approxim number token addresse contact mail intercept dpag previous statement dpag hear held novemb respons direct question dpag hitherto commun inform commiss fax dpag bpo decemb compani super foto bpo memorandum novemb annex remail case control form introduc octob bpo memorandum februari document commiss file dpag respons commiss request inform april document commiss file dpag respons commiss request inform april document commiss file nb appli procedur dpag fact put burden proof send ppo entiti resid germani dpag consid sender dpag deliv mail intern rate prove exist foreign sender dpag submiss commiss nb remail case control form dpag mention date arriv quot date intercept quot dpag repli commiss request inform april document commiss file bpo memorandum februari passag bracket busi secret delet dpag respons commiss request inform april document commiss file ask commiss bpo state bpo sale staff oper germani market servic german base custom bpo offer servic permit german law knowingli german custom mail produc germani send mail uk back germani compani polici refus provis mail bpo refut alleg encourag german custom engag remail activ undat memorandum understand bpo dpag provis agreement effect octob parti agre review month term condit agreement ceas appli review lead mutual consent gbp averag exchang rate publish european central bank bpo letter commiss march dem bpo letter commiss march undat memorandum understand letter bpo commiss octob commun dpag commiss june letter dpag request month provid repli statement object commiss deni dpag addit respit addit week grant normal period week holidai month august letter address director gener competit dpag request commiss close proceed dpag ow alleg procedur error commiss respond dpag alleg procedur error commit letter dpag made alleg procedur error reiter request closur proceed request grant addit respit submit repli statement object respons dpag hear offic grant dpag addit respit week week total commiss respond dpag alleg procedur error commit letter inform commiss fact dpag bpo reach financi settlement ptt post bv particip hear interest parti pursuant sentenc articl regul articl regul ec center parc nv particip hear interest parti pursuant sentenc articl regul articl regul ec confidenti version dpag submiss decemb annex letter confidenti version bpo submiss novemb annex letter excerpt draft commiss decis addit fact annex letter dpag request total period month submit comment excerpt draft decis dpag march commiss grant dpag addit period week week total submit comment excerpt draft decis dpag request commiss grant dpag period week week total submit comment excerpt draft decis submiss contain dpag comment excerpt draft commiss decis dpag march letter contain clarif request commiss issu mention submiss dpag repli statement object commiss notic intern rule procedur process request access file case pursuant articl ec treati articl ecsc treati council regul eec oj mail concern member state uk forward bpo german addresse remail leg rout countri countri normal cross border mail market definit concur previou decis commiss reim ii footnot case merci convenzionali porto di genoa spa siderurgica gabrielli spa ecr paragraph case klau höfner fritz elser macrotron gmbh ecr paragraph case paul corbeau ecr paragraph market segment fall scope dpag exclus licenc postal item weigh gram postal item postag exce time basic tariff ident bulk mail item weigh gram ad servic section postal act dpag repli statement object pp kep nachrichten decemb document commiss file kep nachrichten mid report regtp publish websit www regtp de quot studi weight price limit reserv area postal sector quot studi ct con publish commiss novemb pp rel portion revenu deriv heavier weight band greater portion volum section postal act conclus consist recent research liberalis incom outgo intra commun cross border mail case michelin ecr paragraph dpag repli complaint juli document commiss file dpag repli commiss request inform april pp document commiss file join case commiss franc ladbrok race ecr paragraph ladbrok race paragraph case irish sugar plc commiss ecr ii paragraph articl upu adopt domest german law gesetz zu den verträgen vom dezemb de weltpostverein august bundesgesetzblatt part ii law succeed transposit upu convent ratifizierungsgesetz august bundesgesetzblatt part ii februari section subsect convent univers postal union judgment court instanc case tetra pak intern sa commiss tetra pak ii ecr ii paragraph confirm court justic case ecr dpag repli statement object pp instanc factual section fidel invest gant dpag repli statement object pp repli dpag list larg number nation court case materi definit sender appli underlin commiss gss amp citicorp paragraph footnot upu convent subsequ revis domest tariff april decemb entri forc reim ii agreement april termin due set previou agreement conclud ppo cent agreement dpag claim surcharg full domest tariff minu termin due total charg equal domest tariff dpag repli statement object pp dpag repli statement object pp commiss decis ec footbal world cup case iv oj paragraph underlin commiss gss amp citicorp paragraph footnot dpag tender american express contract competit relationship section intern mail servic provid dpag section tetra pak ii join case compagni maritim beig transport commiss ecr paragraph decis ec loc cit instanc section gant delai mail section dpag refer judgment case cbe clot iab ecr paragraph case unit brand commiss ecr paragraph dpag repli statement object pp dpag repli statement object pp reason court concern quot physic quot remail ordinari cross border mail analysi refus suppli appli case hand underlin commiss dp gss amp citicorp paragraph commiss decis ec tran atlant confer agreement tac case comp oj paragraph nb proceed dpag gave number case conflict inform submiss commiss factual element case releas intercept date commiss establish minimum delai proven basi documentari evid dpag statement present case section idea direct section section idea direct section dpag letter commiss number mail commiss mail list annex dpag letter annex submit commiss section idea direct retroact claim factual part dpag letter commiss dpag list intercept mail fidel invest document commiss file dpag repli statement object fax dpag bpo april document commiss file fax dpag bpo decemb document commiss file dpag letter commiss number mail commiss mail list annex dpag letter annex submit commiss fax dpag bpo februari document commiss file dpag letter commiss fax dpag bpo march document commiss file dpag letter commiss section gant autumn catalogu factual section dpag letter commiss section gant multipl zone section section fidel invest section dpag letter commiss decemb case gener motor commiss ecr dem dem sourc dpag press releas august publish dpag websit dem dpag repli statement object pp gener motor loc cit unit brand commiss loc cit reim ii parti undertook introduc end transpar cost account system reim ii reim ii paragraph quot model quantifi scenario liberalis quot studi carri fmd commiss februari nordic agreement notifi commiss march case comp bilater agreement termin due notifi sweden post ptt post juli case comp case close subsequ commiss send parti septemb administr letter indic applic articl ec treati reim ii paragraph dem höfner und elser loc cit paragraph join case coöper verenig suiker uni ua commiss ecr paragraph join case radio telefi eirann rte independ televis public itp commiss ecr dpag repli statement object suiker uni loc cit paragraph commiss decis eec british telecommun case comp oj paragraph british telecommun loc cit paragraph commiss decis eec london european sabena case comp oj paragraph underlin commiss gz amp citicorp loc cit paragraph dpag repli statement object section section subsect quot gant autumn catalogu quot section section quot undertak quot point iv dpag undertak enter forc month commiss decis notifi dpag