commiss decis juli declar concentr compat common market function eea agreement case iv worldcom mci notifi document number english text authent text eea relev ec commiss european commun regard treati establish european commun regard agreement european econom area articl thereof regard council regul eec decemb control concentr undertak amend regul ec articl thereof regard commiss decis march initi proceed case regard opinion advisori committe concentr novemb worldcom quot worldcom quot mci commun corpor quot mci quot jointli notifi oper compani merg mean articl regul eec quot merger regul quot agreement question enter march merger regul appli stood prior amend made regul ec decemb commiss inform parti inform requir complet notif time limit suspend pend receipt requir inform februari parti respond notif declar complet decis decemb februari commiss order continu suspens notifi concentr pursuant articl articl merger regul final decis reach case march examin notif commiss conclud oper fell scope merger regul rais doubt compat common market decid initi proceed pursuant articl merger regul parti worldcom mci publicli trade base telecommun compani worldcom servic busi privat consum switch dedic intern long distanc local voic data commun includ internet servic offer primarili subsidiari uunet an cn gridnet quot quot servic call card debit card number subsidiari european countri construct fibr link number european capit mci offer busi privat custom portfolio integr servic includ long distanc wireless local page messag inform servic outsourc advanc global commun includ internet ii oper term agreement novemb worldcom mci quot merger agreement quot mci merg tc invest corp delawar corpor direct wholli own subsidiari worldcom share mci ordinari common stock convert receiv number share worldcom common stock share mci class common stock own british telecommun plc quot bt quot convert receiv agre cash sum dollar tc invest corp continu surviv corpor quot mci commun corpor quot worldcom chang quot mci worldcom quot mci lose vote right concert joint ventur bt includ sharehold vote right moment worldcom mci merger put effect mci dispos interest concert period longer dai relationship concert limit exclus distributorship arrang iii concentr oper paragraph constitut merger concentr mean articl merger regul iv commun dimens make adjust reflect turnov attribut undertak acquir dispos respect set audit account worldcom worldwid turnov excess ecu million mci worldwid turnov period excess ecu million determin commun wide turnov merger regul involv alloc turnov geograph basi method alloc revenu earn telephon compani provid servic gener revenu countri base variant propos worldcom mci commun wide turnov exceed ecu million worldcom mci achiev third commun wide turnov member state concentr commun dimens mean articl merger regul cooper competit author worldcom mci merger propos notifi inter alia antitrust divis unit state depart justic quot doj quot parti grant waiver order enabl doj commiss exchang inform suppli parti agenc firm respond parallel enquiri doj commiss prepar agenc exchang inform suppli submiss investig analysi merger propos consider degre cooper agenc involv preliminari exchang view analyt framework coordin request inform attend doj observ oral hear joint meet negoti notifi parti vi compat common market carrier internet servic parti argu relev product market assess case base previou telecom notif consid commiss includ bt mci atla phoenix global uniworld unisourc parti contend definit overlap relev product market corpor telecommun servic includ voic data packag frame relai internet protocol vpn global virtual privat network toll free select card simpl resal servic dedic transmiss travel servic includ call card prepaid servic ad servic carrier servic basi data suppli parti appear travel servic corpor commun servic parti combin market share higher percentag point matter geograph market defin enquiri made parti appear confirm pictur overlap thought aris market sourc competit concern carrier servic unisourc decis market carrier servic compris leas transmiss capac provis relat servic parti telecommun traffic carrier servic provid relev servic switch transit dedic transit traffic hub offer resel servic servic provid intern telecommun facil parti combin share high rais competit concern discuss question precis market definit left open internet relat servic signific number parti respond commiss initi consult argu definit separ market seri market internet relat servic distinct market gener data commun servic evid gather tend support view internet singl market seri market turn question market definit set explan internet oper internet quot internet quot evolv initi unit state america mean interconnect discret local area comput network found academ govern research facil interconnect structur run telephon cabl network develop govern assist notabl nation scienc foundat quot nsf quot aim interconnect enabl network accur individu comput termin quot host quot network commun term quot network quot connot size oper appli system vari size small local area network instal singl offic build ten final user termin extens system intern global interconnect thousand subscrib network run vari standard abil send receiv data intellig form network compris internet data exchang set common protocol tcp ip protocol transfer control protocol internet protocol import data network transmit local protocol internet commun extern network tcp ip format traffic exchang consist electron messag broken seri discret data packet separ system data packet bear rout inform enabl switch equip pass packet reassembl arriv intend destin comput termin internet messag read comput user packet travel direct origin network network final destin direct connect network concern intermedi network type switch equip quot router quot packet pass equip abil recognis address packet guid switch point journei data internet form mail transfer electron mail messag end user internet file transfer transfer data file end user publicli site end user recent develop internet develop world wide web agre format hyper text markup languag html displai establish link data internet quot web site quot publicli advertis address space internet displai data html user access displai inform user purchas servic commun visitor site wai internet constantli develop effort underwai provid voic fax telephoni internet protocol connect network network made convent telecommun cabl fibr underli physic structur internet network consist essenti network convent switch voic telephoni traffic carri cabl internet data packet public switch circuit travel privat leas line quot virtual network quot fast packet switch servic provid telephon oper frame relai atm asynchron transfer mode point interconnect requir specialis switch rout equip router identifi internet packet point path point intersect internet messag rout tradit public switch telephon network pstn modem point entri exit pstn hold switch telephon circuit open durat connect long distanc transmiss remov econom advantag packet switch data transmiss internet traffic capac demand grown industri tend reli facil origin instal voic telephoni newer network upgrad network increasingli complet larg capac cabl facil conceiv specif internet mind earli pre commerci dai internet clear hierarch structur local network intern univers network connect region network turn connect long distanc transmiss capac quot backbon quot link oper nsf data manner similar convent switch voic telephon traffic handl traffic origin individu local network deliv network region network level capabl deliv connect local network pass backbon travel relev point interconnect backbon make journei region local network ultim addresse ii commerci oper internet nsf withdrew mid support internet privat compani role suppli underli long distanc connect made internet initi region network began oper commerci basi internet servic provid quot isp quot offer internet access servic commerci basi pai subscrib commerci firm enter market isp brought busi domest subscrib connect internet grew time withdraw nsf internet longer regard hierarchi network join singl unifi backbon number network connect backbon backbon requir mutual interconnect depend network isp continu send traffic interconnect backbon made initi nap nation access point public interconnect point origin design nsf nap consist build space build switch rout equip oper connect network interconnect network present nap physic connect network nap made cabl connect refer quot backhaul quot nap nearest conveni node point network concern origin nap quickli supplement interconnect point conceiv initi backbon provid gener interconnect point technic nap strict sens term label varieti acronym mae east mae west mae mean metropolitan area exchang cix commerci internet exchang fulfil essenti function nap reach internet grown interconnect point set unit state america great major exist public interconnect point provid facil isp interconnect bilater user oblig interconnect isp nap internet oper todai ultim consum end user internet servic individu comput user busi residenti local area network intern network larg commerci organis academ public institut configur final user system access internet obtain subscrib access servic provid isp physic connect requir point access node isp network termin termin point connect final user network servic provid isp extend provis connect made public switch telephon network quot dial access quot requir larger user client continu access perman dedic connect privat line virtual equival quot dedic access quot public switch network requir modem end portion line pass switch network privat line dedic access provid isp subscrib rent local telephon compani instal fibr point access isp modem port dedic access port pop quot point presenc quot case dial access pop consist telephon number pstn exchang usual isp offer dial access provid subscrib possibl make connect pop local call rate isp pop local exchang area servic offer conceiv provid toll free long distanc call servic local call price refer virtual point presenc case dedic access pop simpli point subscrib bring cabl connect order access isp network primari function isp provid custom access internet larg internet quot connect quot deal traffic gener custom destin traffic custom isp termin network assum intend subscrib connect network call quot intern quot traffic pass network quot extern traffic quot network vast bulk traffic pass network deliveri origin network direct connect network intend custom found traffic exchang directli network network concern direct interconnect mean found pass traffic intermedi network access desir network ultim reach traffic pass intermedi network quot transit quot traffic success network traffic pass introduc risk delai packet loss congest premium limit number quot hop quot messag pass parti argu number hop messag pass bore relat number network depend architectur network concern messag rout network pass hop messag number success network essenti point isp control number intern hop network design network architectur control number hop extern network deal network lose competit edg unduli larg number intern connect insuffici capac possibl remedi problem network depend internet connect reliant purchas transit abil rectifi problem iii interconnect physic term option network interconnect limit isp agre interconnect directli group isp agre multilater interconnect common point multilater interconnect occas notabl commerci internet exchang cix model gener broadli speak wai isp agre alloc cost risk interconnect agreement provid restrict unrestrict transmiss traffic interfac choic option traffic exchang settlement free payment basi practic vast major interconnect todai model peer arrang settlement restrict type traffic exchang transit arrang restrict type traffic exchang payment made peer precis term peer arrang essenti matter settl parti concern usual form peer arrang network oper isp agre accept network oper isp traffic origin custom termin network return accept reciproc oblig termin traffic origin custom destin network parti gener pai cost quot backhaul quot connect nearest node network point interconnect peer cost interconnect peer arrang quot bill quot basi settlement payment levi side traffic pass interfac order prevent parti exploit arrang usual find peer agreement limit prevent parti hand traffic destin come parti transit traffic peer agreement peer agreement peer agreement pass traffic similarli oblig accept traffic address origin recent peer place nap equival public interconnect point precis rule form interconnect vari nap case cix commerci internet exchang notabl except automat oblig user nap interconnect user nap nap user reach individu bilater peer agreement user nap wish exchang traffic usual isp claim provid backbon servic interconnect backbon provid nap connect multipl nap acut traffic demand individu nap increas congest delai nap fact life larg order avoid problem larger player industri begun establish privat interconnect point quot privat quot quot direct quot peer make direct bilater connect isp arrang avoid problem multi occup nap creat separ class isp independ nap oper condit nap bound competitor likelihood peer arrang background continu growth internet usag peer continu capac technic upgrad connect price maintain arrang continu peer arrang depend great extent willing parti accommod desir term connect manag includ readi meet cost mutual capac technic upgrad increasingli common larger technic superior network involv demand minimum standard network qualiti traffic flow technic support peer consid larger isp publish quot peer polici quot purport make condit peer overt ultim decis isp peer commerci peer polici guid prepar accept cultur internet peer regard cost share settlement arrang rule nap prohibit formal quot paid peer quot arrang line gener approach isp agre enter settlement free peer enter quot custom provid quot transit relationship approxim equal bargain power network incent side demand agre give payment peer interconnect distinct show sign break largest network begin offer paid peer refus settlement free peer altern transit impos strict condit cost term amount thing smaller network clear imbal bargain power prevent larger isp demand outright payment peer impos condit amount thing relationship term quot peer quot mislead isp oblig pai cost structur dictat extent superior isp relationship akin purchas interconnect transit servic definit custom traffic purpos normal form peer agreement includ traffic origin final user custom peer traffic custom isp hereinaft refer quot depend isp quot quot depend network quot fact traffic depend network exchang peer interfac peer isp offer commerci basi quot transit quot servic custom depend network peer isp pass custom traffic peer interfac deliv direct final user network side peer interfac custom depend network peer note term quot transit quot context impli slightli usag encount industri term transit good entrust intermediari carrier deliveri parti addresse call transit traffic internet spend time ascend descend success hierarchi link vertic custom provid relationship time horizont movement network depend relationship traffic cross peer interfac journei purchas transit servic accur part isp traffic treat traffic transit provid network purpos exchang peer interfac internet connect repres servic sold resold commerci basi level isp hierarchi prevent isp set busi provid connect obtain connect pure custom relationship superior network main profit make activ provis ad line servic top basic connect offer trafic custom pass transit provid network isp function resel iv structur internet top level network isp turn success larger isp provis transit servic logic limit process traffic progress default higher level network final end hand isp turn assum respons account deliv traffic peer interfac return undeliv network isp concern refer hereon quot top level network quot quot top level isp quot possess peer agreement top level network condit part isp wish top level network top level network internet deliv traffic separ peer agreement custom obtain deliveri traffic isp level peer agreement offer full connect obtain transit servic directli indirectli intermedi isp top level network take ultim respons deliveri default traffic subordin network singl isp respons packet trap endless loop top level isp occupi posit subordin isp benefit posit reli paid interconnect transit order offer complet connect nonetheless instanc largest network bui transit margin basi inherit transit arrang part acquisit isp top level isp maintain posit ensur continu peer agreement top level network secur maintain agreement unabl provid full coverag releg tier statu limit peer isp oblig provid full connect sole peer agreement impos heavi burden top level network suggest seek network set peer order continu assur custom full internet connect bargain power hand top level network access larger network valuabl custom smaller network equival right revers direct interconnect larg network give small isp opportun offer custom connect thousand site exist custom larger network gain small margin benefit term access ten hundr site larger network posit determin term interconnect ordinari event small entrant isp obtain peer top level network choic transit custom exist top level network order preserv posit top level network peer similarli network confid obtain access entrant network earli dai internet peer agreement enter fairli freeli larger network increasingli cautiou allow smaller network access settlement free peer basi custom smaller network quot free ride quot smaller isp seek interconnect larger seek direct connect top level network ask meet seri condit peer consid peer applic refus case isp concern invit custom peer decid direct custom top level network bui servic resel difficulti smaller network obtain peer top level network mean number isp enjoi statu top level network small industri structur hierarchi isp progress larger geograph wide rang network provid transit smaller localis isp unabl deliv traffic account note top level network perform crucial carrier function vertic integr signific extent custom includ final user resel obtain access top level network import depend isp access relev depend network access direct custom base top level network secondari peer isp extrem peer top level isp transit resel intermedi categori isp peer agreement suffici comprehens peer agreement give adequ connect supplement bui transit top level network isp refer quot secondari peer quot isp offer custom mixtur resold transit peer base connect necess bui transit secondari peer agreement duplic rout reach transit servic offer top level network isp secondari peer agreement varieti reason connect conveni cost save adjac overlap isp exchang traffic directli send transit hundr thousand extra kilometr interven network reason direct local interconnect poor transit parti link unabl unwil provid financi invest maintain link reliabl condit regulatori obstacl make difficult obtain physic facil permiss interconnect reason cost cost appar illog simpler cheaper case send local destin traffic distant transit provid notwithstand extra journei traffic make intra european internet traffic signific volum transit network secondari peer agreement reflect histor circumst chang network previous compar size show strong imbal nonetheless maintain peer connect inspect data gather enquiri suggest number secondari peer isp continu peer top level network meet technic network criteria demand network applic peer hostil public reaction uunet met attempt end peer number secondari peer isp suggest issu determin econom consider secondari peer isp find possess public peer agreement top level network market tool technic econom reason find reli larg transit deliv servic requir speed qualiti reliabl level repli statement object notifi parti issu view internet hierarch structur argu internet origin conceiv hierarch form order avoid strateg vulner network architectur base centralis hierarch switch tier structur note object pre date internet current commerci structur present oper internet futur develop necessarili reflect philosophi origin research project econom transit versu settlement free peer settlement free peer repres cost free option comparison pai transit strictli correct parti peer agreement incur capit cost instal connect servic mainten cost keep link work order cheaper expens bui transit depend circumst isp question price transit obtain peer parti settlement free peer agreement ensur disadvantag imbal traffic flow peer interfac unlik case tradit settlement base public switch telephoni imbal traffic financi advantag parti receiv net inflow traffic receiv peer interfac repres cost set subscrib incom short term financi incent accept net imbal traffic rational peer agreement isp assist dispos traffic burden fact network traffic cost revenu gener item evidenc traffic manag strategi practis larger network attempt minimis amount time traffic smaller peer respons spend network larger network make condit peer smaller network interconnect multipl point permit larger practic quot hot potato quot shortest exit rout traffic hand smaller network shortest distanc peer benefit imbalanc traffic flow exist side earn margin termin surplu flow side avoid account bill collect cost cost interconnect born larg number peer agreement cheaper purchas transit unbalanc peer arrang consider benefit smaller network larger isp tend cautiou extent permit small isp quot free ride quot network larger isp charg establish peer polici larger isp characteris keep transit pai custom custom erect obstacl order prevent convert fulli fledg top level isp note declar peer polici prevent isp deal request think fit notwithstand polici peer announc bui transit benefit avoid front capit cost facil construct risk negoti interconnect agreement make sens bui transit directli top level network attend guarante qualiti speed reliabl servic reli antiqu secondari peer connect quantifi rel cost prove difficult depend circumst individu parti concern telephon oper larg instal base fibr find cost bui transit disproportion cost hook top level isp peer agreement isp bui transit effici arrang secondari peer agreement pass transit provid traffic incap send peer interfac theori purchas minimum amount transit practic isp incur high unavoid cost transit arrang base theoret data carri instal connect actual secondari peer agreement offer transit connect provid symbol actual market definit product market host point presenc access servic link chain line host comput point access case privat network nearest point presenc isp mention earlier connect made public switch network mean privat dedic line connect suppli isp request client case dial access custom reli servic local public telephon oper dedic access rang option includ provis obtain leas line telephon compani util prepar offer servic isp condit competit level oper isp level upstream distinguish local telephon servic bought purpos internet telephon servic bought form local loop telephoni dedic access simpli provis cabl connect market suppli servic telephon compani equal undertak leas develop capac respond commiss enquiri suggest relev market level affect merger issu pursu ii internet access servic argu initi parti form data transmiss servic equal substitut internet servic view found custom purchas internet access servic expect permit reach user connect internet provis specif end user end user data transmiss facil data protocol enabl custom reach limit number custom protocol provid perman unfett access commun internet user main purpos bui servic form data transmiss servic significantli substitut isp basic access form hardwar softwar network configur custom support bill servic requir enabl custom make internet access iii top level univers internet connect provid internet access servic vertic integr greater lesser extent top level network secondari peer isp resel issu purpos market definit isp compet provid connect servic distinct narrow market sector practic isp afford build connect offer increment custom immedi expect isp send receiv messag internet limit attempt bilater peer arrang outlin formid capit invest backhaul negoti thousand individu interconnect agreement risk failur negoti connect obtain complet reach directli indirectli internet standard qualiti speed reliabl connect servic offer isp uniqu sens isp offer product ident offer blend hand direct access directli connect custom custom subordin network interconnect isp network custom subordin network interconnect involv transit peer gener term smaller isp reli substanti transit larger reli intern connect peer content price product offer isp depend factor size isp network precis natur relationship network offer differenti extent term qualiti network rout messag requir hop offer standard network deliv messag hop principl offer network repres substitut servic offer provid network offer equival servic standard network wide differenti term servic standard substitut organis capabl deliv complet internet connect account top level isp connect refer hereinaft quot top level quot quot univers quot internet connect secondari peer isp deliv peer base connect quot tier quot connect supplement bought transit resel suppli resold connect depend bought combin tier connect product offer top level network differenti connect suppli peer agreement top level network intern top level network market demonstr secondari peer isp resel capabl significantli constrain behaviour top level network prevent act independ top level network increas price internet connect servic principl cost base resel increas amount increas pass custom pure resel provid competit constraint price charg top level network posit secondari peer isp unlik pure resel captiv price charg top level network collect peer agreement similarli isp top level network offer limit substitut term allow access site transit network top level isp gap coverag reach peer connect secondari isp provid coverag equal size top level network secondari peer peer agreement network posit exercis constraint isp peer connect case tier connect offer secondari peer isp provid servic suffici substitut tier connect provid top level network consid part market secondari peer isp want offer complet connect avoid continu bui transit top level network cost base captiv extent continu evid custom accept limit access servic substitut full servic price increas suffici encourag switch appli hypothet monopolist test top level network act unit capabl provid adequ substitut servic respons price increas top level isp increas transit interconnect charg isp group provid competit constraint extent peer agreement top level network avoid impact increas transit charg face challeng price increas strategi top level network react charg interconnect peer transit happen unequ bargain power secondari peer isp permit offer effect competit respons summari relev market merg parti activ market provis top level quot univers quot internet connect explain iv evolut market definit concept quot top level network quot repres todai econom realiti player appar capabl function top level network fact pai peer benefit peer agreement longer enter todai statu top level network open question result number firm capabl offer competit constraint smaller concept quot top level network quot impli past year substanti growth traffic level internet larg capac upgrad requir order obtain competit advantag simpli order maintain accept qualiti servic term speed reliabl face increas usag congest problem user applic video transmiss demand term bandwidth usag capac largest cabl largest network increas substanti short space time top level connect made cabl capac speed mbp bit made ds mbp equival larg backbon featur connect speed oc mbp oc mbp network remain static term technic capac develop fallen develop network capabl offer top level univers internet connect standard time todai short time ago possess peer agreement public nap isp reason presenc nap guarante isp concern statu top level network congest nap increas largest provid increasingli begun form privat peer arrang point nap largest provid continu peer nap fact choos peer privat necessarili affect market definit smaller isp peer nap refus settlement free privat peer largest network longer capabl act top level network drop market definit process earli stage market definit adopt narrow anticip futur develop fact happen born mind relev factor market power parti parti respons repli statement object oral hear parti challeng proposit internet hierarch structur contend isp render ineffect price increas hypothet monopolist consist top level network divert traffic secondari peer agreement extend reach agreement parti isp interconnect isp avoid top level network complet connect parti interven point highli move make price increas unprofit isp custom seek top level quot univers quot internet connect purchas transit top level network avoid price increas hypothet monopolist bui transit sourc sourc attempt avoid price increas develop network peer connect pre requisit tier isp offer transit practic imposs involv substanti transact cost instal circuit capac privat peer point public exchang facil report parti expert quot competit internet impact mci worldcom merger quot discuss option peer transit acknowledg section quot maintain larg number direct peer interconnect costli small network limit number direct interconnect achiev univers internet connect purchas transit network quot larger isp top level provid connect cost effect traffic level involv larg number link made isp manag effect individu isp connect made isp top level network handl small proport total internet traffic parti estim individu isp top level group control traffic cost isp instal capac link exce cost increas transit hypothet monopolist point establish link involv coordin larg number player lead technolog ineffici long time addit success isp establish network secondari peer connect reach directli connect custom hypothet monopolist access custom essenti element establish univers internet connect attempt establish altern connect base network secondari peer link includ network hypothet monopolist provid univers internet connect provid econom substitut connect provid exist top level network parti recognis argu secondari peer partial substitut secondari peer connect diminish isp depend transit provid hypothet monopolist avoid effect price increas point hypothet monopolist set transit price usag sensit reduc incent isp shift traffic top level provid negat effect secondari peer partial limit substitut relev geograph market corpor travel servic market initi identifi parti corpor servic travel servic combin market share parti suffici give rise competit concern market defin nation level wider level discuss geograph market definit respect market ii carrier servic unisourc decis commiss state natur suppli demand carrier servic cross border region geograph proxim purchas supplier switch transit capac relev switch transit carrier substitut oper intern line deal peak traffic line likewis dedic transit servic offer cabl satellit base rout capac countri final hub servic altern enter undetermin number bilater agreement individu carrier carrier servic market relev purpos assess current oper europ transatlant unit state iii internet servic geograph extent market internet servic depend level look physic connect final user isp dial dedic access provid local supplier activ local level event part isp servic offer connect provid local telephon compani supplier cabl facil geograph market level region nation depend scope supplier cabl network europ parti strong provis local loop servic definit precis geograph market left open isp compet provid internet access servic final user oper essenti region nation nation market isp small local base organis larger corpor final user internation choic isp isp tend deal type client market servic internation intern natur internet mark larger isp oper nation intern level top level network emerg centr oper unit state america provid provid transit part internet contrast convent voic telephoni tradition oper tend focu activ territori relai traffic pass territori term isp world oper depend term obtain transit directli indirectli provid event highli vertic integr uunet retail level subsidiari european countri rise price access top level network affect consum world effect global market repli statement object parti argu geograph market definit flaw isp necessarili obtain connect group top level network parti geograph definit close link view product market definit consist product market defin purpos decis competit assess carrier servic posit carrier servic look term european transatlant capac europ capac parti estim held incumb telephon oper worldcom build citi citi network mci substanti presenc capac holder side atlant competit concern aris respect propos transact relat transatlant capac inform provid parti suggest combin share notion capac hold unit state end make biggest capac holder amp posit capac control alter transatlant cabl gemini worldcom involv stream expect mid notion increas proport capac held worldcom plan drawn cabl stream advantag worldcom temporarili hold possess capac cabl quickli erod internet access servic parti contend substanti competit retail isp level barrier entri low challeng parti respond request inform note isp compet downstream arm vertic integr provid essenti resel connect provid supplier suppli chain analysi focus market parti activ market top level univers internet connect top level univers internet connect ask provid inform activ internet sector parti initi estim market share base content isp possess cabl facil constitut backbon provid isp possess facil descript regard backbon provid estim market size base extrapol estim figur unit state market provid frost amp sullivan report usd million basi revenu basic internet access servic strip ad servic exceed total market commiss difficulti accept market definit method calcul market share definit equat isp backbon provid unduli wide blur distinct small local base resel deal local client larg multi nation top level network parti claim imposs provid market share basi provid absenc publish data definit problem identifi backbon provid note claim difficulti definit number comment sought undertak market studi inform estim procur basi market posit notifi parti consider stronger impli parti estim suggest control consider proport internet estim base methodolog point conclus combin merg parti network creat singl entiti larg market share enquiri custom competitor number concern express firm purchas connect merg parti state quot propos merger reduc number credibl altern servic provid reliabl altern sourc suppli custom firm concern overli depend fewer supplier lead loss qualiti servic upward pressur price quot firm activ suppli internet servic state merger quot risk creat undesir environ provis internet servic common market combin entiti domin posit quot firm quot combin world internet backbon leader creat domin carrier significantli affect competit internet backbon structur compani control backbon internet traffic quot submiss feder commun commiss fcc march sprint corpor estim base survei data compil boardwatch magazin combin worldcom mci connect merger maloff group report octob estim combin entiti internet revenu connect worldcom mci backbon bell atlant submiss fcc summaris market share merg parti base report press estim combin share base share custom rout rout tabl submiss fcc gte group estim combin market share merg parti base total bandwidth provid boardwatch magazin estim contrast sharpli parti estim base revenu market share repli statement object parti explain top web site connect mci worldcom connect mci connect exclus mci worldcom mci similarli connect worldcom exclus worldcom mci worldcom impli top web site connect exclus merger entiti assum remain web site connect top level isp worldcom mci share busi final chief oper offic worldcom quot quot big network huge barrier entri competitor quot absenc specif report oblig isp relat internet revenu absenc consist report standard data produc mean reliabl publicli estim size internet sector relev sector diverg view correct unit measur market share market power observ made parti suggest industri consensu prefer unit measur agreement reason pictur produc index number comment thought combin revenu traffic flow offer pictur commiss undertook enquiri aim collect data enabl accur determin market size share share merg parti method market share revenu traffic flow discuss detail data collect measur indic aggreg capac interconnect link number address reachabl number point presenc actual bandwidth traffic exchang consid reason conclus drawn basi size instal capac link custom isp isp public privat peer point provid indic potenti network term perform size assumpt capac purchas instal reason expect obtain data suffici comprehens enabl firm conclus reach basi capac figur figur total aggreg capac connect connect network custom peer public privat transit supplier support pictur merg parti market share top level network address space appear newer network custom make greater mechan limit number advertis rout entri address higher number advertis address signifi rel unmodernis network clear extent compani respond present address number rout entri basi reach result connect includ reach transit gener appear network consid capabl deliv connect mean number announc address signific measur network size strength number subscrib problem appear difficulti identifi real user network larg proport corpor subscrib regist low number individu subscrib compani custom privat intern network connect user result subscrib number give highli accur reflect strength network similar definit problem attempt data base number web site web site wide vari degre import reflect simpl talli count attempt made data order draw conclus pop point presenc suggest principl correl network size number pop backbon provid deploi pop critic mass custom reach competitor estim merg entiti total point presenc unit state america number pop regard comment reliabl method establish network size number depend extent system architectur network size number pop equat number subscrib region number subscrib accur indic network size network larg volum low usag subscrib pop whilst compar high usag subscrib small number pop ii identif top level network consult enquiri mention isp worldcom group mci sprint gte bbn group quot big quot posit stronger analysi data show revenu internet access traffic flow consid detail suggest clear divid line smaller member largest isp categori peer agreement kei player examin determin regard top level provid look set peer agreement equip holder settlement free connect internet analysi complic fact singl list nap isp peer order obtain comprehens coverag isp possess uniqu set peer arrang capabl establish complet connect entir internet addit difficulti isp collect peer agreement suggest capabl oper top level network found buyer transit clear transit essenti peer connect comprehens paper inadequ practic conveni point departur analyt approach start proposit top level network necessarili peer minimum big capabl suppli univers interconnect recours transit failur part isp peer minimum impli substanti absenc coverag internet number particip true top level network smaller field peer addit peer peer origin peer peer peer big extent complet abil cover entir internet settlement free basi purpos assess assum peer connect big consid desir peer connect note data confirm isp directli connect arguabl failur complet rang interconnect big rule player top level isp assum purpos analysi peer inter connect exist quickli made reason exist assumpt run parti favour widen field market particip iii estim market size share base revenu figur basi total isp fallen definit top level network small isp peer worldcom princip internet subsidiari uunet smaller subsidiari includ effect margin total size market inform comprehens estim made respect turnov firm accur figur revenu firm concern estim usd million believ consider estim actual revenu basi total market size order usd million worldcom share mci ad give combin group market nearest competitor enjoi combin market share parti repeatedli stress belief revenu figur reliabl indic market share area competitor point danger relianc revenu data figur base revenu basic internet access compani concern oblig report standard disclosur data treat figur caution firm peer main provid claim regard top level network failur peer substanti shortfal abil provid internet connect purpos undertak sensit analysi market share estim made addit player signific alter figur basi stress extrem conserv combin market share revenu term record notifi parti consider definit top level network widen includ firm peer largest network felt level gap coverag larg isp concern realist regard top level network reason assumpt iv traffic flow number comment suggest traffic flow inher measur revenu figur affect sudden surg short term interest web site statist directli traffic volum receiv isp quot bottom quot approach adopt order calcul market share base traffic requir identif market particip add respect measur traffic flow network order obtain size market establish certainti measur traffic flow made consist basi market particip concern altern calcul traffic base market share devis total traffic flow isp includ traffic exchang identifi isp intern traffic traffic custom exchang network market share calcul traffic ratio necessarili input total internet traffic flow methodolog ratio market share network market share network equal ratio total traffic flow network total traffic flow network term ratio divid total traffic exchang network ratio market share network market share network equal ratio rel share network total traffic flow network rel share network total traffic flow backbon market share calcul basi rel share network total traffic network prevent market share calcul bias differ measur methodolog basi respect market share worldcom group mci ratio appli methodolog hypothet market compris gte mci sprint worldcom group respect market share leav worldcom group market mci bring addit total gather comprehens traffic flow data limit number larger network calcul market share definit breakdown traffic split individu peer worldcom group privat peer total traffic receiv big isp peer purpos calcul univers isp drawn cover isp peer largest network gener assumpt relev market analysi suggest market wider top level network peer largest network narrow order calcul market share network make assumpt gener assumpt traffic flow network reflect size network exchang network send network network network assum half size network reason make assumpt largest network high proport total internet traffic flow repres internet traffic appli worldcom group mci worldcom traffic exchang mci exchang network ratio size mci network size network total assumpt market share give worldcom group mci bring addit competitor combin market share mci worldcom group conclus calcul market share calcul methodolog discuss market size share base revenu traffic flow design conserv basi gener parti reason limit underst market share nonetheless basi doubt combin entiti hold market wide defin combin network significantli larger size nearest competitor sprint revenu traffic flow bear mind competitor gte group half size sprint vi parti respons parti object commerci confidenti constraint impos competitor inform suppli commiss made imposs determin activ market market share figur significantli affect player ad note analyt approach essenti conserv design give parti benefit doubt doubt consid statu top level network point interven oral hear sprint restrict view definit market question network access larg number geograph dispers locat leas high speed facil accept competitor capabl fulfil sprint definit top level backbon provid competitor gte point includ addit traffic chang size relationship largest backbon estim classifi compani fall relev market definit lower mci worldcom share percentag point assess support view ident critic addit parti object traffic calcul methodolog commiss question assumpt underli commiss methodolog traffic uniformli distribut signific divers traffic caus interconnect network layer top level network parti assert traffic input provid commiss compar basi result parti combin market share overst commiss part necessarili accept assumpt suggest parti implicit calcul methodolog level signific extent present observ parti proceed argu revenu method measur interest parti consult form relev data request order make figur suppli compar question commiss methodolog parti altern propos impact merger competit combin internet backbon network worldcom mci creat network absolut rel size combin entiti behav appreci extent independ competitor custom impact consum europ consum worldcom princip internet subsidiari uunet substanti size comparison competitor fact close achiev domin infer decis earli attempt attempt ultim fail unilater ceas peer number exist peer time worldcom gain addit market power acquisit an cn result union mci doubt critic mass achiev act independ competitor strength size mci worldcom network enabl pursu stratagem reinforc market posit follow broad approach outlin rais rival cost price select attract custom compet network mci worldcom control market entri denial peer request foreclosur threat foreclosur peer agreement replac paid interconnect prospect isp sought achiev connect top level network consent mci worldcom present presenc market group size worldcom incumb abil deni peer request suitabl qualifi candid constrain competit forc incumb deni peer candid assum prospect peer bui transit altern disappoint isp custom compet network case refus isp contribut enhanc market power competitor merger ahead strength bargain posit advers consequ mci worldcom declin peer request substanti reduc elimin disappoint applic oblig purchas transit order reach mci worldcom network put cost qualiti disadvantag mci worldcom act independ competitor rais cost decreas qualiti servic offer competitor exist peer relat mci worldcom abil continu oper marketplac depend continu offer custom connect mci worldcom network reason qualiti cost basi connect mci worldcom network chang advers custom competitor network migrat mci worldcom custom deter mci worldcom competitor live threat behav avoid disconnect degrad connect mci worldcom extend allow mci worldcom competitor grant transit peer term mci worldcom effect control market competitor wish peer continu peer mci worldcom control qualiti servic offer decis manag link mci worldcom degrad offer competitor decid upgrad capac privat peer point degrad qualiti servic mci worldcom competitor concern competitor hurt greater extent custom lose connect larger portion internet mci worldcom custom proport term percentag traffic affect strategi higher smaller network ad mci worldcom chanc implement strategi improv pick custom competitor attempt rest market step growth internet traffic mci worldcom implement degrad strategi need make consciou effort suffic simpli focu develop network upgrad link competitor open qualiti differenti competitor persuad prospect custom internet servic ignor offer rival size mci worldcom network grow power disadvantag competitor correspondingli greater mci worldcom grew larger posit action reduc independ incumb competitor chang natur interconnect arrang threaten oblig pai access network paid peer transit whilst offer payment revers competitor choic accept chang term mci worldcom gain control import part rival cost posit influenc qualiti servic offer influenc cost posit charg price paid peer transit design prevent quot custom quot competitor offer price competit offer mci worldcom mci worldcom behav independ custom isp sell internet connect final consum busi residenti custom bui dedic dial access internet custom depend ultim provis connect offer top level network choic connect directli indirectli domin provid servic provid guarante reliabl access part internet extent mci worldcom activ market attempt leverag posit gain domin posit downstream inabl top level network offer genuin competit constraint influenc control cost base resel activ downstream multi home altern respons argument parti argu abil leverag domin posit downstream limit fact isp power custom owner web site quot multi home quot bought transit provid easili switch traffic provid attempt abus strong market posit challeng interven oral hear fact multi home custom multi home mci worldcom merg parti parti group merger remov current freedom choic multi home simpl requir oper protocol bgp protocol cheap involv expens transit connect competitor pai event domin network imped multi home varieti tactic includ refus deal multi home custom degrad connect custom refus offer bgp simpli offer volum discount favour higher usag singl home custom specif featur network competit exist network extern make valuabl custom access largest network mci worldcom posit challeng obtain domin posit network grow interconnect competitor interconnect merg entiti larger network greater abil control signific element cost entrant achiev deni entrant opportun peer insist remain custom pai margin servic offer merger effect rais entri barrier higher argu result merger mci worldcom network constitut immedi short time essenti facil isp choic interconnect directli indirectli order offer credibl internet access servic ii absenc competit constraint reaction competitor actual potenti enhanc market power largest network consid reaction current competitor attract traffic poach exist custom merg entiti enhanc capac hope offer technic superior servic difficulti persuad mci worldcom custom move custom attach largest network enjoi direct access network direct custom base move network access mci worldcom direct custom indirect mean transit provid peer agreement number custom directli access network smaller gener qualiti servic offer lower messag pass hop reach largest network effort poach custom pass unnot mci worldcom make move unattract exist custom threaten degrad upgrad peer connect custom transit provid releg compet network statu paid peer custom mci worldcom argu mci worldcom face concert respons compet network suffici prevent exercis market power mci worldcom react implement predatori strategi increment basi challeng compet network success start smallest weakest compet network attack competitor benefit short term extent hope pick network depart transit custom calcul interest serv behav bring retaliatori action iii potenti competitor term potenti competitor barrier face attempt enter top level network rais cost network construct face wish enter directli top level isp aspir entrant refus peer incumb inadequ custom traffic base isp wish move transit buyer top level isp competit top level network limit singl network refus peer network larg constitut potenti competitor assum earn transit revenu applic refus peer turn request peer applic risk enhanc power compet network applic bui transit find top level network prepar grant peer find network exercis disconnect strategi revers network overli power prevent potenti competitor assum statu top level network make price suppli transit high prevent entrant build suffici market share prevent competitor grant peer right exercis threat disconnect degrad suggest competitor top level emerg collect join forc isp europ isp potenti entrant afford connect obtain exist top level isp top level isp equal activ attract custom sens exist incumb benefit substanti quot mover quot advantag obstacl face european isp attempt enter top level network substanti face isp matter locat world merger creat quot snowbal effect quot mci worldcom competitor captur futur growth custom attract custom direct connect largest network rel unattract competitor offer ow threat disconnect degrad peer mci worldcom competitor constantli live result merger provid mci worldcom opportun enlarg market share iv custom reaction custom reaction custom counteract strategi move network counterbal power mci worldcom principl logic respons market power exercis domin mci worldcom entiti custom act unit evid custom base suffici concentr permit individu custom risk move obtain possibl inferior servic assur suffici number custom step feel worth take risk repli statement object subsequ oral hear notifi parti laid consider stress rapid growth internet factor limit abil exist player exercis domin entri larg number resel isp oper retail level reli exist top level network top level univers internet connect constrain competit behaviour parti exist resel oral hear interven stress avoid error assum growth counter market domin incumb newcom captur futur growth parti point emerg competitor engag lai substanti fibr network offer competit counter forc entri top level isp requir physic facil custom base traffic flow access peer interconnect domin network refus provid peer effect prevent entrant oper top level network notifi concentr alter lead creation domin posit market provis top level univers internet connect vii undertak submit parti order resolv issu rais commiss impact competit propos merger parti offer enter commit quot undertak quot quot order achiev clearanc merger notifi parti agre divest entir internet busi mci make undertak divest mci internet busi mci divest mci internet busi servic relat access public interconnect network network internet relat servic collect imci busi oper entiti imci busi entireti transfer singl purchas purchas includ imci wholesal worldwid dedic internet access busi dedic access internet sold internet servic provid isp busi provid internet access imci retail dedic internet access busi dedic access internet sold end user imci consum dial internet access busi ii busi dial internet access busi dial internet access busi transfer electron mail server electron mail imci dial access custom purchas elect acquir busi imci web host servic imci real broadcast network servic imci manag firewal servic servic part imci busi includ vbn privat research network ii internet ii network research construct project unit state govern iii virtual privat network data servic includ extranet intranet imci busi transfer separ wholli own subsidiari mci newco prior transfer purchas newco independ busi internet traffic internet revenu imci busi relev mci router server atm switch modem port equip relat internet network infrastructur oper imci busi transfer newco includ limit internet protocol ip address autonom system number number scheme network oper addit asset includ relat connect compon includ rack support equip sold cabl element custom list histor data custom domain authent server dedic dial internet access network new server mbone server isic perform monitor server web host server server oper real broadcast network server imci dial network relat engin test equip transfer purchas subject mci contract wholesal retail custom provis internet access mci internet web host manag firewal servic contract assign newco mci assign internet dial assign web host manag firewal contract close contract assign custom consent assign close contract assign custom consent mci worldcom effort obtain custom consent contract transfer purchas ii mci worldcom event step requir ensur imci contract repres imci combin retail dedic access web host revenu remain imci busi revenu close transfer purchas iii contract consent custom assign obtain effort mci worldcom mci worldcom remain contract parti internet traffic remain transfer imci network durat contract mci pass purchas internet revenu receiv contract iv mci worldcom agre purchas purchas appoint independ auditor mci worldcom expens review relev document record mci worldcom relat complianc term paragraph purchas benefit intellectu properti right oper transfer busi except secur softwar benefit assign permit authoris held mci imci busi mci provid secur servic purchas period agre mci purchas mci transfer purchas exist peer arrang includ peer agreement worldcom worldcom agre termin peer arrang period year close date save materi unremedi default peer agreement mci worldcom purchas provid ongo mutual oblig maintain effici high qualiti interconnect network includ limit requir bandwidth upgrad ad connect ad interconnect locat internet custom worldcom close date mci worldcom solicit contract provid dedic internet access servic wholesal dedic internet access custom isp period month post close retail dedic internet access custom contract assign purchas period month post close retail dedic internet access custom contract assign purchas period month post close termin contract whichev mci negoti good faith purchas compet agreement respect web host manag firewal servic mci worldcom agre step transfer internet servic busi imci worldcom multi home busi worldcom network ordinari busi prior close part transact mci transfer newco employe support imci busi transfer mci purchas mutual agre employe transfer imci busi mci provid purchas list employe classifi function relat busi employe transfer includ engin oper support personnel sale market support staff mci worldcom agre hire employe transfer purchas period post close solicit employe transfer purchas period post close mci make support arrang fulfil exist contractu oblig imci busi accommod growth busi benefit exist mci mainten agreement warranti mci agre close date imci busi oper ordinari consist past practic includ limit commerci reason solicit retent internet servic custom network backbon develop mci licens purchas identifi acquir backbon asset acquir busi internetmci backbon network imci busi specif negoti purchas period mci enter contractu arrang provid basic transmiss servic internet busi transfer intern privat line contract transfer ii time sale subject intend close prior contemporan close merger mci worldcom term sale subject regulatori approv ident purchas subject approv unit state depart justic commiss european commun iii sale imci busi purchas iv support agreement option purchas mci purchas enter support agreement order give effect transact contract transit period follow period gener favour rate master servic agreement set price mci provid servic purchas support imci busi transfer master servic agreement includ colloc agreement term mci provid suffici space mci locat oper asset transfer purchas ii network servic agreement term pursuant purchas obtain mci suffici transport capac provid internet servic iii local access agreement purchas obtain local access internet backbon contract maximum term support mainten oper provis servic manag network imci busi custom detail agreement negoti parti provis undertak minimum protect afford mci worldcom purchas implement time period elaps adopt decis commiss power requir notifi parti appoint truste accord provis paragraph exercis function set paragraph commiss decid exercis power refer paragraph request parti propos commiss dai parti receiv notif request name institut independ parti parti appoint truste commiss discret approv reject name submit approv parti appoint institut concern truste approv parti free choos truste appoint name approv name submit reject parti submit name institut name dai inform reject approv commiss parti appoint institut concern truste approv parti free choos truste appoint name approv name reject commiss commiss nomin truste appoint parti commiss approv name submit nomin truste parti appoint truste concern dai truste mandat includ function monitor parti mainten viabil market asset busi activ divest accord undertak asset activ concern oper independ arm length basi consist statu divest purchas monitor satisfactori discharg parti oblig enter parti undertak truste monitor advis commiss adequaci procedur select purchas conduct negoti ii monitor advis commiss agreement purchas properli provid divestitur relev asset busi activ provid undertak provid written report truste report commiss progress discharg truste mandat identifi respect unabl discharg mandat report provid regular monthli interv commenc month date appoint time time period commiss time term truste appoint commiss believ undertak properli compli request truste carri addit function request truste mandat deem extend event conflict initi function truste give prioriti discharg addit function ensur asset busi activ divest accord undertak oper independ arm length basi consist statu ensur proper divest relev busi asset activ truste report event month notifi request submit commiss propos method timescal propos truste divestitur accord undertak relev asset busi activ commiss practic approv propos requir truste report negoti enter prospect purchas provid commiss suffici inform enabl decid suitabl purchas question break negoti prospect purchas instruct parti break negoti appear commiss negoti concern conduct unsuit purchas date commiss notifi request submit commiss approv agreement sale imci busi suitabl purchas agreement uncondit purchas seller irrevoc approv requir commiss approv requir unit state depart justic feder commun commiss paragraph result divest asset busi activ divest accord undertak immedi prior contemporan close merger notifi parti parti undertak provid truste assist inform includ copi relev document requir carri mandat pai reason remuner servic mci worldcom announc propos merger irrevoc abandon truste mandat deem discharg appoint deem termin commiss endeavour inform notifi parti practic suitabl propos purchas commiss determin propos purchas suitabl account prospect purchas concern appear possess statu resourc oper imci busi long term viabl signific competitor parti ii independ parti iii shown signific relev commerci connect iv obtain approv purchas relev competit regulatori author european commun quot viii assess undertak assess adequaci undertak commiss start premis divestitur offer remedi worldcom strength market place secur divestitur substanti overlap internet activ merg parti level concentr market felt divest busi preserv singl unit potenti competit forc divest acquir capabl replac depart player market parti initi propos divestitur involv select identifi buyer prior commiss take final decis notif market test result discuss parti improv remedi reflect undertak result market test gener respond market test express view fall broad categori group respond felt divest matter scale suffici address problem internet remedi regul interconnect group believ divestitur remedi tend favour divest involv worldcom uunet subsidiari gener sceptic scope separ mci internet activ gener telecom activ believ full divestitur mci internet network achiev capabl remedi competit concern regul commiss view regul requir longer term note competit concern aris notifi concentr resolv modif propos parti regul internet solut context current notif technic issu object unbundl mci internet activ telecom activ relat technic commerci market issu case mci physic cabl infrastructur carri telecom internet traffic bulk traffic network internet traffic commiss advis view small proport total capac dedic carriag internet traffic split separ physic cabl network internet traffic parti propos remedi acquir leas cabl facil right access locat enabl run virtual network mci physic network recognis depend arrang provid long term solut note success top level isp tend quot facil base quot leas physic network isp leas facil perman competitor depend competitor accept buyer posit migrat traffic immedi exist altern network build network reason period time migrat traffic suitabl type acquir facil base capabl telephon compani exist physic facil internet custom base exist internet player oper top level isp potenti custom base ident buyer import note develop physic network appear repres lower barrier entri acquir custom base commerci market issu difficulti rais initi parti parti respond market test difficult commerci market term mci separ provis telecom internet servic offer custom singl bundl packag legal term achiev separ contract respond market test paint pictur impli custom group consult difficulti bui internet servic telephon servic separ provid detail examin appear custom bought telecom internet servic supplier servic frequent dealt mean distinct separ contract light commiss conclud remedi involv divest internet busi mci properli craft accept mean remedi competit concern case busi sold parti propos remedi involv incorpor activ divest collect quot imci busi quot separ wholli own subsidiari newco sold singl entiti buyer network network relat asset asset properti right transfer set undertak buyer newco acquir outright ownership tangibl intang asset requir construct internet network router server switch modem port relat network infrastructur address space domain name purchas acquir underli physic network mci reason discuss leas contractu right permit equip concern right access locat run virtual network mci physic infrastructur import part top level isp servic offer abil maintain peer interconnect similarli provid undertak give acquir guarante peer year undertak guarante acquir maintain peer interconnect top level network fact peer secur remain largest network divest traffic acquir gener provid acquir mean continu provid univers connect leas right access locat term offer mci worldcom offer servic term requir view desir acquir quot facil base quot due consider arrang provid adequ time migrat traffic network parti estim length time vari time acquir facil base period acquir build network scratch period suffici permit transfer relev activ altern network permit network oper fulli independ mci light consider undertak consid satisfactori point employe result market test suggest internet oper size mci internet activ requir hundr staff run parti commiss staff need run mci internet activ make acquir subject acquir number employe depend larg extent ident purchas level involv type internet activ mci reason undertak leav number employe transfer matter negoti vendor acquir solicit compet provis undertak includ solicit contract provis custom base custom base consid broad categori isp custom resel dedic access custom final user dial consum categori consist residenti busi client isp custom undertak compris divest isp custom issu aris assign group custom note volatil sens readi move altern provid readili met mci worldcom prohibit contract categori custom period year entic custom back decid stai provid prevent merger lead enhanc market power respect group custom ii dedic access custom undertak involv transfer custom categori newco major custom legal obstacl assign assign exist small categori custom call quot assign quot contract contract includ prohibit assign absolut condit consent custom contract prohibit condit includ addit proviso stipul consent assign unreason withheld expect larger import client assign claus necessarili correct claus written depend place custom concern request custom bargain power obtain claus necessarili larg buyer internet servic larg buyer telecom servic mci small internet purchas undertak anticip possibl custom persuad parti requir transfer custom irrespect exist claus give remain custom undu negoti power term abil make unreason demand price consent custom question purchas internet servic bargain counter negoti parti propos requir transfer contract excess total dedic access revenu leewai figur revenu dedic access translat mci internet revenu percentag untransf custom repres upper limit percentag remain lower contract transfer parti undertaken event put traffic network acquir pai revenu obtain acquir effect upstream transport element traffic handl acquir whilst retail interfac client remain mci worldcom contract question expir solicit compet provis prevent firm concern merg parti isp servic residu market power confer mci worldcom retent retail element categori contract small consid capabl bring signific accret market power main concern ensur custom transfer migrat back mci worldcom enhanc market power compet provis place prevent sens transfer custom prefer remain newco decis influenc newco abil maintain posit market place compet provis prevent mci worldcom solicit contract minimum period month dedic access year isp extent relev compet period custom newco turn contract end demand servic concern accru competitor mci worldcom mci worldcom iii retail dial parti offer make retail dial custom acquir undertak requir acquir accept custom categori retail dial includ busi custom dedic access privat individu parti group consum repres mci busi revenu traffic custom repres mci traffic flow natur content provid allow mci worldcom retain give rise risk signific enhanc market power consum import futur technic develop internet begin carri commerci signific volum traffic todai carri tradit voic telephoni circuit profit suppli internet servic domest custom expect increas rel suppli tradit telephon servic undertak propos offer custom base part sale packag purchas leav purchas discret decid worst case scenario revenu term dedic access custom back mci worldcom permit dial custom remain mci worldcom book impli margin enhanc mci worldcom market power consist effect erad competit concern creat merger ad servic respond market test suggest internet access busi function effect skill offer specif ad servic supplier servic influenc choic internet access provid servic divest servic question web host manag firewal intranet extranet parti agre includ web host manag firewal asset divest argu intranet extranet part public internet network traffic contribut market power public internet addit ad servic commonli mention context provid isp suppli public internet access connect necessarili case servic provid custom isp ad servic suppli compani activ isp includ quot intranet quot quot extranet quot difficulti definit suggest intranet distinguish virtual privat network gener fact run tcp ip protocol appear virtual network vpn protocol base frame relai atm tcp ip protocol underli vpn internet compon vpn small appear intranet extranet gener complex public internet network principl easier run requir special skill requir internet larg appear doubt offer intranet extranet provid gatewai offer internet servic appear case web host manag firewal servic servic requir network public internet connect implement exchang letter director gener director gener competit assist attornei gener charg antitrust divis unit state depart justic doj accord articl iv agreement european commun govern unit state america applic competit law commiss request doj cooper undertak mutual offer commiss doj doj confirm step evalu find suffici seek effect implement undertak ix conclus notifi merger mci worldcom declar compat common market function eea agreement subject condit full complianc undertak notifi parti commiss set section vii decis adopt decis articl concentr notifi worldcom mci commun corpor novemb relat full merger notifi parti declar compat common market function eea agreement subject condit full complianc undertak notifi parti commiss set section vii decis articl decis address worldcom east amit street jackson mississippi unit state america mci commun corpor pennsylvania avenu washington unit state america brussel juli commiss karel van miert member commiss oj corrigendum oj oj oj case iv oj case iv oj case iv oj case iv oj case iv oj part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket 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