commiss decis novemb relat proceed articl eec treati iv distribut system ford werk ag german text authent eec commiss european commun regard treati establish european econom commun regard council regul februari regul implement articl treati amend act access greec articl thereof regard dealer agreement ford vehicl notifi januari octob septemb ford werk ag cologn feder republ germani accord articl regul regard commiss decis juli initi proceed heard undertak concern interest parti accord articl regul articl commiss regul eec juli hear provid articl council regul consult advisori committe restrict practic domin posit fact firm ford motor compani hereinaft refer ford compani incorpor state delawar usa princip place busi dearborn michigan usa ford werk ag hereinaft refer ford germani compani incorpor law feder republ germani regist cologn own subsidiari ford motor compani ford motor compani limit hereinaft refer ford britain compani incorpor england regist offic brentwood ford germani subsidiari ford similar ford subsidiari oper member state luxembourg ford repres belgian subsidiari ford motor compani belgium nv ford europ incorpor hereinaft refer ford europ compani regist state delawar usa own subsidiari ford offic unit kingdom feder republ germani belgium ford europ respons coordin alloc econom function direct ford compani compani call ford group manufactur ford motor car product product concern ford motor car passeng car part ford car divid car model fiesta escort taunu cortina uk taunu sierra granada capri model manufactur version engin gearbox transmiss concern version specif specif specif distinguish specif compulsori nation law road regul member state meet consum demand manufactur distributor think sell area left hand drive lhd hand drive rhd fall categori obligatori specif car manufactur ford germani plant cologn saarloui germani genk belgium produc full rang ford car market europ lhd produc ford car model granada capri rang version rhd car model sierra escort fiesta produc version rhd mid manufactur version cortina rhd substanti cost differ product lhd rhd car ford britain manufactur dagenham halewood plant unit kingdom version fiesta escort sierra mid manufactur version cortina version produc ford britain exclus rhd car ford britain purchas ford germani rhd car manufactur purchas account substanti proport ford germani total product export provis ford germani distribut agreement consid ford germani manufactur ford car ford sale compani notifi commiss standard agreement select main dealer ford dealer main dealer agreement haupthaendlervertrag articl agreement refer ford germani standard seri product passeng vehicl turn defin model fiesta escort taunu capri granada articl agreement ford germani undertak sell product vehicl part motor vehicl ford dealer dealer turn undertak sell ford product final consum retail dealer restrict base specif drive posit lhd rhd mention regard term vehicl fahrzeug emploi agreement agreement defin vehicl normal seri product model passeng car ford dealer free sell vehicl final custom commun resid retail dealer author sell ford car compani ford group commun articl paragraph articl stipul ford dealer prior written consent ford germani conclud maintain agreement arrang sale vehicl manufactur deliv ford germani ford group compani appli direct indirect trade conduct dealer premis sale point paragraph articl prohibit dealer prior written consent ford germani distribut appreci quantiti high qualiti motor trade good engag activ motor trade person compani paragraph articl assign ford dealer area respons marktverantwortungsgebiet ford germani engag ford dealer gener permit ford dealer set rent directli indirectli centr distribut servic ford car distribut recondit vehicl area paragraph area respons dealer maintain downstream organ locat approv ford germani paragraph paragraph oblig dealer achiev sale target main dealer agreement claus restrict ford dealer busi behaviour reinforc effect abovement articl paragraph final practic applic provis main dealer agreement ford germani appear restrict claus practic object decis commiss reserv deal separ proceed practic applic main dealer agreement consid march main dealer agreement sign dealer ford germani made ford dealer standard seri car model version specif articl main dealer agreement rhd car equip german road traffic regul strassenverkehrszulassungsordnung concern vehicl sold ford germani german ford dealer notifi agreement usual price lhd car supplement dm administr cost car contribut achiev dealer sale target paragraph respect lhd rhd car specif german road traffic regul ford dealer act ford germani intermediari order buyer resid germani vehicl ford germani deliv german ford dealer main dealer agreement visit europ plan notifi commiss legal motor car sold individu buyer ford dealer act buyer agent profit dealer similar car sold main dealer agreement oblig ford dealer respect warranti sale servic agre agreement sale contribut achiev dealer sale target ford germani produc car includ rhd car addit rhd car sold directli ford britain sale uk rhd car specif sold uk rhd car specif sold germani januari june rhd car deliv main dealer agreement ford dealer germani specif german road traffic regul substanti price lhd vehicl custom rhd vehicl germani includ inter alia uk citizen live germani wish import vehicl unit kingdom subsequ return custom resid germani rhd vehicl sale germani main dealer agreement handl ford dealer account bulk busi april ford germani circular ford dealer sold distribut rhd vehicl german specif circular state inter alia busi distribut vehicl german market requir lhd vehicl rhd version part normal sale rang function exploit german market product central domest distribut organ inform accept order rhd vehicl ford dealer decis appli order visit europ plan visit europ plan person specif tourist diplomat busi travel contin continu lhd vehicl rhd vehicl obtain ford person import export pie london approach custom rhd vehicl refer pie author ford dealer unit kingdom ford germani put announc effect refus accept order rhd vehicl german dealer ground modifi practic regard deliveri studi carri ford group compani comparison retail price recommend ford vehicl member state emerg compar tax dealer sell price year differ depend model germani unit kingdom british price equal car specif differ consid earli april ford europ recommend ford germani ford germani refrain offer rhd vehicl german dealer ford germani legal depart express misgiv recommend ground rhd vehicl cover term vehicl main dealer agreement german dealer entitl sell vehicl letter ford europ date decemb ford britain sale rhd vehicl ford germani german dealer greater press comment public outcri time price extrem limit extent price move point view britain situat ford britain recommend sale german built rhd unit dealer contin german british specif stop memo ford germani financi director date decemb rhd car sale german ford dealer subsequ export car custom unit kingdom read inter alia ford werk ag export substanti part product england ford werk ag financi result decis influenc export financi result level vehicl price england influenc english cost structur produc german cost enterpris ford werk ag interest keep english vehicl price structur intact legal hold reimport ford group document bp obviou substanti differ exist german price uk price ford car ford germani object cut suppli rhd vehicl german dealer protect ford britain note date april sign goeudevert reaction parti ford dealer germani protest ford germani decis discontinu deliveri rhd car german dealer ground sale rhd vehicl germani handl pie behalf special custom diplomat british militari personnel uk citizen perman resid abroad normal commun citizen mean ford dealer pie sell ford product germani dealer area respons dealer claim breach main dealer agreement ford dealer unit kingdom argu inter alia commiss avail rhd vehicl german dealer sale uk custom undermin sale substanti current ford system distribut uk dealer sound base invest oper profit tremend differ exist ford car price germani unit kingdom sell rhd car german continent dealer uk custom financi loss uk dealer long term effect avail rhd car german dealer reduct price rhd car unit kingdom hand dealership requir signific financi invest adequ return invest reduc destroi rhd car contin substanti continent price purchas uk custom note uk ford dealer concern attempt interest import ford car parallel distribut system allow model made bui ford uk bureau européen de union de consommateur beuc consortium consum organ member state made inter alia main comment matter fact consum essenti bui car abroad price dispar make worthwhil repeat attempt car manufactur partit common market restrict parallel import price dispar make financi interest consum bui abroad undermin basic principl treati procedur august commiss requir ford germani interim measur decis eec inter alia withdraw circular date april german ford dealer refrain take measur effect circular interim measur decis appli adopt decis conclud proceed present decis septemb ford germani appli european court justic declar commiss decis void suspend oper contest decis septemb presid court interim decis suspend commiss decis requir ford germani deliv rhd vehicl construct british specif german dealer maintain decis requir ford germani deliv rhd vehicl construct german specif german dealer limit scope requir number car august commiss statement object ford germani answer novemb ford germani request oral hear ii legal assess applic articl eec treati present decis consid main dealer agreement oper ford germani applic ford germani longer suppli rhd vehicl german dealer ford distribut system germani base main dealer agreement conclud undertak ford germani author dealer oj oj publish version decis data hereinaft omit pursuant provis articl regul disclosur busi secret oj paragraph articl main dealer agreement ford germani allot dealer area respons marktverantwortungsgebiet commit conclud distribut servic agreement ford car matter principl undertak oper allot area restrict ford germani exercis freedom contract choos resel sale ford car restrict competit ford dealer prohibit articl main dealer agreement sell vehicl independ dealer independ undertak unabl purchas resel product cover main dealer agreement articl stipul ford dealer consent ford germani sell motor vehicl manufactur ford germani compani ford group oblig ford dealer engag distribut servic agreement parti respect product compet ford product final paragraph articl oblig ford dealer engag special sale activ area respons claus restrict competit limit number dealer car manufactur limit dealer allot area ford product restrict intens competit allot area ford germani distribut network inter brand competit author ford dealer freeli draw agreement dealer allot area distribut servic ford vehicl oblig ford dealer afford limit scope determin market polici main dealer agreement appreci effect trade member state reason set paragraph commiss decis eec decemb bmw dealer export ford product admit distribut system prevent suppli custom member state approv german ford dealer allow promot sale activ germani deliv ford vehicl retail dealer member state belong ford distribut system refus suppli prevent deliveri rhd vehicl ford dealer germani author ford dealer final custom primarili unit kingdom due provis constitut import part ford main dealer agreement articl appli agreement present decis deal claus practic mention paragraph applic articl eec treati applic articl commiss discret judgment court case metro commiss ecr time commiss decid requir articl improv product distribut good promot econom progress equit share benefit user indispens restrict elimin competit fulfil judgment court case consten grundig commiss ecr english text benefit flow distribut agreement practis compens disadvantag due restrict competit practic applic decis court case aeg emphas paragraph decis octob account inter alia fact set select distribut system tendenc maintain high price level prevent develop channel distribut court justic consist appli articl agreement look light surround circumst commiss consid factor account prioriti issu parti restrict competit imped parallel import ford germani argu omiss put german dealer posit compet equat restrict impos mean agreement refus suppli rhd car ford germani unilater act account grant exempt main dealer agreement commiss hand consid justifi grant exempt parti agreement exercis right measur prevent dealer consum obtain good agreement relat territori made clear articl regul eec articl regul eec mean unilater measur constitut agreement practic mean articl consid decid exempt connect unilater act agreement suffici close direct act suffici impact competit immateri examin agreement articl act direct consequ agreement contrari alleg ford germani unilater act account commiss directli caus agreement commiss agreement econom context appli ford germani alleg correct refus suppli substanti reduc benefit main dealer agreement buyer wish obtain rhd car favour price assess nation distribut system commun fulfil requir articl possibl parallel import member state question consid import effect intra brand price competit member state concern benefit agreement consum consum articl mean consum commun member state ford germani main dealer agreement oper give benefit distribut agreement give car industri special except benefit ford germani produc rhd car germani easili make german ford dealer unabl compet suppli rhd car author dealer final user area consum germani unit kingdom longer bui rhd ford car german dealer car expens singl item consum bui consum demand unit kingdom exclus rhd car disadvantag interest substanti consum commun car buyer unit kingdom depriv import sourc suppli rhd car produc lower cost unit kingdom low price rhd car deliv accord contract question suitabl export rhd car manufactur germani ford germani export member state conveni sold approv dealer germani price substanti good reason refus suppli local approv dealer good suitabl export protect market member state parallel import favour price circumst refus suppli regard kei element partit common market artifici maintain price level high price member state price high ford cost high paragraph contrari ford germani alleg connect refus rhd car german dealer main dealer agreement close direct circular april exclus address german dealer parti german main dealer agreement previous ford germani sold rhd car germani dealer dealer obtain ford motor car articl agreement dealer sale target articl agreement includ rhd german specif ford germani relationship dealer parti main dealer agreement alter circular ford germani dealer agreement relationship creat issu ford germani circular termin suppli circular make effect agreement restrict benefit advantag export rhd ford car german dealer balanc improv distribut car result agreement share advantag allow consum disadvantag legal econom circumst commiss find ford germani distribut system appli adequ competit distribut level longer bui rhd ford car germani significantli lower german price paragraph competit pressur unit kingdom significantli reduc gener consum free purchas ford car commun strong reason contrari ford dealer free deal substanti import ford car version produc ford group compani suppli gener prerequisit exempt dealer consum enjoi freedom enterpris step prevent custom member state obtain product member state purpos step prevent competit author dealer protect higher price level contrari ford germani exempt suffici ford germani impos restrict ford dealer sell export ford car hand effect restrict agreement consid econom legal context act parti agreement account refus deliv car demand insid germani strong demand germani substanti econom effect prohibit export rhd car germani price rhd car charg ford germani german dealer significantli higher level price unit kingdom substanti econom effect prohibit export prerequisit exempt intra brand competit distribut level nation frontier unobstruct distribut system commun substanti part commun deliber insul rest articl regul eec articl regul eec withdraw suppli rhd ford car germani make exempt inappropri circumst case ford germani alleg refus exempt oblig practis full line avail make german dealer seri product car market ford group compani commun ford germani refus amount impos oblig manufactur rhd car argument correct decis conclud unilater termin suppli practic effect similar export ban make articl inapplic circumst ford germani obtain exempt make rhd car german dealer ford germani free wish adopt dealer agreement fall articl commiss decid ford germani compani expect condit exempt dealer agreement make product manufactur sold member state question full rang product manufactur group commun decis suggest prerequisit exempt ford germani dealer agreement dealer sell car minor featur import signific number consum instal easili cheapli buyer hand drive featur kind contrari result present decis ford germani remain free deliv rhd vehicl german specif commiss decid prerequisit exempt rhd car german ford dealer ford germani longer manufactur unabl produc cost substanti product cost unit kingdom present circumst question aris ford dealer unit kingdom argu suffer drop sale ford germani make rhd car german dealer substanti price lhd car price level justifi protect intra brand competit protect conflict fundament principl common market necessit competit import place applic articl regul reason set main dealer agreement infring articl appli exempt pursuant articl main dealer agreement constitut infring articl commiss consid requir ford germani accord articl regul termin infring delai refrain agreement concert practic object effect adopt decis articl main dealer agreement conclud ford werk aktiengesellschaft german car dealer sell ford product restrict competit affect trade member state sens articl eec treati exempt pursuant articl main dealer agreement appli ford ag refus articl ford werk aktiengesellschaft order bring abovement infring end immedi articl commiss decis august address ford werk aktiengesellschaft cologn revok effect date notif decis ford werk aktiengesellschaft articl decis address ford werk aktiengesellschaft ottoplatz koeln feder republ germani brussel novemb commiss fran andriessen member commiss oj oj oj