commiss decis decemb declar concentr compat common market case iv pilkington techint siv council regul eec english text authent text eea relev ec commiss european commun regard treati establish european commun regard council regul eec decemb control concentr undertak articl thereof regard commiss decis septemb initi proceed case undertak concern opportun make view object rais commiss consult advisori committe concentr notifi oper present case concern propos acquisit stake apiec pilkington plc hereinaft refer pilkington techint finanziaria hereinaft techint società italiana vetro siv siv vertic integr flat glass automot safeti glass produc princip product asset locat itali siv own italian state privat proceed parti inform commiss immedi complet acquisit techint assign interest siv newli creat subsidiari call vetrotec limit held techint techint curaçao nv wholli own subsidiari san faustin nv ultim parent compani techint ii parti pilkington princip engag manufactur flat automot safeti glass insul vision care product pilkington main produc flat glass western europ activ countri unit state techint italian subsidiari conglomer own busi south america substanti bia argentina group princip activ steel product manufactur engin construct mechan engin oil ga servic activ techint engag activ overlap pilkington compani acquir siv iii commun dimens oper commun dimens total worldwid turnov pilkington financi year end march ecu million commun turnov period ecu million techint aggreg worldwid turnov calcul take account turnov san faustin group control techint amount ecu million financi year end june commun wide turnov year amount ecu million total turnov siv ecu million commun wide turnov amount ecu million san faustin group achiev third commun turnov itali iv concentr joint ventur joint control complet propos transact notifi parti hold interest jv addit board director consist director parti nomin chairman board elect board pilkington design director year techint design director year continu altern basi board elect manag director siv basi begin techint design director accord articl bid sharehold agreement seri kei busi decis includ annual budget financi statement acquisit dispos loan advanc major capit spend borrow requir approv director parti extens veto power conclud siv jointli control pilkington techint autonom full function jv jv act independ autonom econom entiti siv full function state own compani privat compani manufactur sell itali abroad wide rang glass product includ float glass automot glass architectur glass immedi acquisit share notifi parti enter agreement siv provis fee technic commerci administr intern network manageri support pilkington enter suppli agreement siv suppli float glass requir siv extent unabl meet product facil absenc risk coordin regard potenti coordin competit behaviour techint pilkington techint siv born mind techint activ market pilkington siv time fact pilkington activ commun flat safeti glass market automot glass market mean pilkington plai lead role manag siv overlap exist activ parent jv creation jv lead sort coordin competit behaviour pilkington techint conclus base find notifi oper concentr commun dimens fall mean articl regul eec assess base inform suppli parti obtain commiss enquiri enquiri involv written request inform competitor custom meet competitor custom compat common market relev product geograph refer market type flat glass float glass commonest type flat glass account flat glass capac world develop economi float glass type flat glass plate glass sheet glass polish wire pattern glass manufactur complet product method plate sheet glass longer manufactur western europ due lower qualiti demand overlap float glass exist specif overlap small effect competit condit float glass market appli polish wire pattern glass meet specif demand float glass consid separ product market type flat glass float glass product process invent brought commerci product pilkington float glass effect replac sheet plate glass product develop economi float glass product process molten glass pour continu furnac larg shallow bath molten tin molten glass float tin spread form level surfac thick control speed solidifi glass ribbon drawn float bath anneal glass emerg fire polish product virtual parallel surfac float glass produc vari thick applic thick vari mm float glass modifi product process bodi tint line coat tint technolog impart colour clear float glass typic green bronz increasingli import factor vehicl manufactur decid place busi line coat modifi solar energi transmiss colour thermal insul properti float glass parti line coat cheaper appli line coat addit advantag term qualiti hard durabl float glass market substanti degre vertic integr float glass market pilkington saint gobain concern manufactur engag vari extent process distribut float glass float glass market analys main level level correspond product primari raw float glass level raw float glass gener subject process sale distribut final user observ level consist downstream level depend custom group varieti process float glass float glass market level inform submit parti notif size float glass market commun amount million tonn level market share data provid parti market demand suppli float glass produc commun saint gobain market leader pilkington american own compani ppg guardian glaverbel own japanes compani asahi siv produc float glass plant commun number produc plant commun limit relev product market raw float glass homogen commod type product process princip applic level safeti glass motor vehicl glass build applic substitut bodi tint line coat facil increasingli import introduc heterogen flat glass product commiss consid featur lead differenti relev product market raw float glass tint croat product process bodi tint obtain ad prior melt small quantiti metal oxid colour glass subject requisit technic knowledg tint principl oper float glass product line regard line coat small number quarter float product line facil coat appli product float glass manufactur share parti view advantag line coat purpos decis relev product market consid raw primari float glass geograph refer market signific volum raw float glass transport intern border raw float glass bulki heavi product result expens transport great distanc cost transport lorri amount sell price distanc km km transport cost lorri prohibit float glass transport distanc transport boat cost km sea transport lower natur geograph area suppli float glass product plant repres concentr circl length radiu determin rel transport cost base inform submit parti plant product sold radiu km float glass transport distanc light suppli area seri overlap circl centr float glass plant total float glass plant commun plant eastern europ scandinavia commun rel concentr uk benelux northern franc germani hand northern spain northern itali hand extent argument made northern european southern european market dispers individu float plant vari degre overlap natur suppli area effect transmit circl geograph refer market commun confirm price data base price inform submit parti belgium franc itali germani unit kingdom price benchmark mm clear float class cross track typic narrow band float glass produc tend highest market share member state float glass product locat market share data submit parti demonstr substanti degre interpenetr nation level commiss consid condit competit suffici homogen geograph refer market commun float glass market level level raw float glass primarili automot trade gener trade automot trade float glass suppli process window windscreen mirror motor vehicl gener trade float glass sold end user directli produc distribut network merchant distributor process primarili window build mirror reason gener trade glass refer architectur build glass base data suppli parti glass weight commun ultim automot trade gener trade pictur broadli compar calcul commiss data collect european float glass product calcul split automot trade glass glass suppli vehicl manufactur process call safeti glass shatter sharp piec impact danger occup vehicl event accid type safeti glass lamin glass exclus windscreen toughen glass bodyglass find side rear window lamin glass manufactur bond high temperatur pressur bent sheet glass cut size plastic interlay insert toughen glass produc heat bend pre cut piec glass subsequ rapidli cool compress surfac glass lamin glass expens toughen glass product techniqu price specif glass type consid belong relev product market automot safeti glass suppli side float glass produc demand side vehicl manufactur consist ident player segment natur glass type complementari type except requir model float glass produc compar market share lamin toughen glass consid separ refer enquiri carri commiss clear distinct lamin toughen glass consid vehicl manufactur relev competit assess supplier competit condit compar segment reflect similar suppli structur windscreen bodyglass competitv assess segment automot glass market distinguish separ product market origin equip sold vehicl manufactur origin equip manufactur oem origin equip supplier oe replac equip sold independ aftermarket iam due condit competit inform submit parti automot trade total ecu million oem segment repres total replac glass segment replac glass segment relat windscreen lamin glass bodyglass toughen glass detail provid tabl quot quot quot id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt quot gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt quot gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt quot gt geograph refer market oem oe autom glass commun wide vehicl manufactur frequent purchas automot glass supplier locat member state higher ad automot glass mean transport cost low percentag product cost commiss enquiri show li typic rang distanc km reason geograph refer market automot glass manufactur iam sector commun wide gener trade glass commun raw float glass enter gener trade subject process unprocess glass find primarili glaze proport unprocess glass lower member state greater made doubl glaze seal unit higher member state rigor climat condit stringent environment safeti regul obtain germani proport lower whilst itali southern itali higher regard process glass parti distinguish separ relev product market silver glass find mirror lamin glass automot sector safeti reason toughen glass safeti reason seal unit refer doubl multipl glaze unit consist piec glass insul layer air inert ga seal unit incorpor float glass vari thick lamin glass toughen glass coat glass combin glass fact level process vari degre vertic integr float glass produc interact larg number small processor render precis analysi flow process glass end user complic introduc overlap product market determin proport gener trade glass applic broad posit seal unit unprocess glass lamin toughen silver glass parti activ sector process distribut merchand glass link suppli chain float glass manufactur end user inform commiss saint gobain pilkington lesser extent glaverbel extens distribut network posit vari member state produc stronger posit member state float glass product concentr gener trade appear divid main group geograph dimens silver lamin glass product ad suppli small number larg plant serv countri whilst time larg number smaller oper tendenc glass produc largest plant transport longer distanc subsequ sold level distribut toughen glass seal unit merchant distribut involv nation region market toughen glass seal unit product process ordinarili process stock product economi scale signific case silver lamin rapid respons time qualiti local servic essenti win repeat busi commiss carri survei float glass produc determin transport cost percentag sell price sector gener trade glass cost vari sector differ produc ow ad process transport cost lower raw float glass amount approxim sell price rang km rang km clear float glass produc transport signific amount gener trade glass nation border purpos decis precis geograph refer market left open narrowest definit alter competit assess competit assess clear propos concentr lead creation domin posit pilkington siv level refer market level examin question concentr give rise creation collect domin posit major float glass produc commun assess includ market level primarili relat level reason characterist float glass industri fact raw float glass automot gener trade produc float line fact level commun produc collect strong posit assess level market share small number player high degre concentr inform provid parti notif market share commun larger member state belgium luxembourg account commun market volum raw float glass level quot quot quot id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt lt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt lt gt id quot quot gt lt gt id quot quot gt quot gt id quot quot gt lt gt id quot quot gt lt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt lt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt lt gt id quot quot gt quot gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt lt gt id quot quot gt quot gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot quot gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot quot gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt quot gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt lt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt quot gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt lt gt id quot quot gt lt gt id quot quot gt lt gt id quot quot gt lt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt quot gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt lt gt id quot quot gt lt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt quot gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt quot quot gt clear acquisit siv sixth smallest float glass produc commun pilkington remain number produc market leader saint gobain pilkington siv saint gobain basi figur combin market share commun level commiss compani exercis joint domin confirm subsequ analysi creation collect domin wider group compos remain float glass produc saint gobain pilkington subject effect competit glaverbel ppg guardian compar product rang financi strong possess signific excess capac product raw float glass turn process consider number independ processor level data show larger member state remain float glass produc complet propos oper combin market share commun level market share implic commun import attribut import independ competitor total market share high commiss consid underestim combin market share float glass produc figur fail account import float glass commun plant commun own control produc plant locat primarili eastern europ scandinavia float glass capac approxim float capac commun signific import float glass addit plant commun float plant europ except float plant belong turkish compani tuerkiy sise ve cam fabrikalari tscf commiss calcul revis market share level refer actual product float glass plant locat commun import plant own commun produc eastern europ scandinavia import commiss consid revis calcul basi accur reflect market posit individu market share deriv broadli compar commun market share present parti produc import plant commun pilkington glaverbel guardian higher market share basi market share quot quot quot id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt quot gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt quot gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt quot gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt quot gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt quot gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt quot gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt quot gt id quot quot quot gt id quot quot quot gt id quot quot quot quot gt id quot quot gt lt gt id quot quot gt lt gt id quot quot gt lt quot gt interest busi secreci market share rang remain produc account commun suppli float glass asymmetr market share saint gobain pilkington market share level saint gobain remain clear market leader gener automot trade market share glaverbel ppg guardian lower market share level approxim saint gobain pilkington variat respect market share commun level level aggreg larg dampen mask market share nation level indic past competit unit kingdom period pilkington market share raw flat glass gener trade fell approxim whilst saint gobain share rose main factor explain movement market share hand high exchang rate sterl currenc commun led increas import pilkington produc plant unit kingdom hand acquisit saint gobain unit kingdom lead distributor solagla result gradual replac pilkington saint gobain supplier solagla busi similarli period pilkington increas penetr french market market share rise guardian behav aggress market competitor past exist float glass produc commun market share show systemat increas year period guardian enter commun market establish float tank europ luxembourg green field site time built futher float tank luxembourg spain float tank spain expect product novemb ii product market characterist structur interdepend structur characterist product float glass main market player highli interdepend action product float glass highli capit intens minimum effici product volum float plant approxim tonn year capit cost ecu million float line furnac lit product commenc float line oper continu clock ten year technic reason plant oper close full capac low output level qualiti suffer high break point capac util plant oper profit impact product necess felt produc market feasibl oper low output level market player highli interdepend action matur market increas overcapac market float glass matur stabl show slow steadi growth longer term major spur engag activ competit motiv prize captur substanti market growth float glass produc excess capac current theoret capac util vari correspond excess capac level whilst low figur relat industri comparison norm float glass industri signific regard demand characterist float glass product regard current market situat futur demand float glass depress caus cyclic downturn construct motor car industri low elast demand econom consult parti state short medium term demand float glass highli price inelast wide rang price demand float glass stem automot construct sector sector cost glass form small fraction total input cost good substitut reason rise price glass result signific drop demand discuss execut experienc industri infer elast demand low region histor experienc rang real price variat firm suppli product price inelast demand competit price tend strong incent form cartel engag cartel behaviour feasibl endors precis rang quot price elast demand commiss fulli subscrib view express infer elast demand low strong incent exist engag cartel parallel behaviour prior cartel behaviour commiss awar exampl past cartel behaviour sector firstli decis eec commiss fine italian flat glass produc infring articl eec treati decis found infring articl treati produc siv fabbrica pisani spa fp subsidiari saint gobain group vernant pennitalia vp subsidiari ppg compani brought separ action aganst decis case heard court instanc judgment march court upheld aspect commiss decis infring articl fp siv vp court annul commiss decis ground commiss fail adduc requir degre proof vp parti concert practic bundeskartellamt recent decis condemn price discount cartel oper distribut flat seal glass northern germani fine impos compani includ belong saint gobain pilkington group decsion definit subject appeal german court price profit nomin price submiss parti point substanti price decreas float glass price benchmark mm thick clear float glass fallen year measur peak price obtain price fall corrobor price data collect commiss whilst small part price fall explain improv product effici commiss consid substanti result declin demand rel suppli coupl low price elast float glass demand end decad gener period high growth commun number reason examin gepvp data submit parti show capac util extrem high period capac util exceed theoret capac sharp increas price occur end expect product bid hand begin decad commun economi stagnat increasingli move recess neg econom climat preval high real rate interest advers impact demand capit good construct motor vehicl great bulk float glass emploi demand fell surpris sharp declin price benchmark price mm clear float glass major commun glass produc countri belgium franc germani itali unit kingdom middl pre level nomin term time highli capit intens natur float glass product result low variabl cost exacerb price declin steepli reduc price produc cover variabl cost make contribut recoup fix cost incur price level raw float glass appear strongli correl gener level econom activ real price parti provid histor data prepar econom consult show approxim halv real term european float price year real price franc germani unit kingdom calcul deflat nomin price consum price index econom consult pictur argu exist collect domin posit enjoi float glass produc past commiss point analysi fail account consider product process improv achiev float glass produc period doubt custom benefit effici gain profit subsequ substanti price decreas major fall profit float glass produc financi data submit econom consult parti show oper profit saint gobain pilkington glaverbel fell compar fall oper margin compani higher pilkington total profit financi year end march figur glaverbel recent report major loss month time compani deficit siv incur loss valid yard stick provid profit affect influenc conclus indic absenc past market power reason profit strongli cyclic iii market transpar price transpar result commiss enquiri reveal market insight achiev examin produc price list price list exist guardian exist pilkington mean account substanti variabl discount individu negoti custom produc link number produc link exist whilst enhanc market transpar contribut insuffici irrelev creat collect domin technolog link technolog level basic product method develop pilkington necess led licens product process produc number product licenc agreement saint gobain pilkington siv glaverbel cross suppli link histori cross suppli produc commiss investig cross suppli produc guardian cross suppli involv limit produc cross suppli typic vari product volum sale purchas saint gobain purchas smaller case siv larg year siv purchas automobil glass requir pilkington saint gobain genuin technic reason lead greater effici justifi small suppli order oper effici float line impair product made whilst frequent thick float glass produc lower oper effici move clear tint glass vice versa result loss dai product urgent small order tint glass requir effici obtain requir suppli produc disturb exist product schedul suppli order vital float line undergo cold repair time glass produc float line cold repair furnac take approxim month requir ten year averag order maintain product downstream seek altern suppli produc origin produc limit number float plant siv number float plant major cold repair carri flovetro plant siv order maintain product automot glass siv seek altern suppli glass provid siv san salvo porto marghara plant cold repair complet suppli ceas commiss note tandem declin demand recent year substanti reduct volum cross suppli sale joint ventur link siv plant product float glass oper joint ventur siv fabbrica pisana spa flovetro fabbrica pisana spa wholli own subsidiari saint gobain joint acquisit siv pilkington techint product link establish saint gobain pilkington flovetro involv remain float glass produc remain product link sector past siv establish joint ventur glaverbel splintex product automot glass ilv manufactur mirror glass due disagr parent price float glass suppli oper jv irretriev broken commiss understand splintex sole control glaverbel regard ilv siv glaverbel engag arbitr geneva court proceed brussel vasto itali saint gobain asahi parent glaverbel recent establish joint ventur coordin research develop parent plastic coat safeti glass primarili automot sector parent agre end product lamin safeti glass independ manufactur market sold parti case separ assess commiss iv product cost product heterogen cost float glass product highli capit intens estim suppli parti fix cost constitut larg part approxim total cost extent capit cost equal regard fact basic product method ident float glass product cost compar univers agreement float glass produc minimum effici size plant mean capac approxim tonn capit cost ecu million respect variabl cost commiss acknowledg input manpow energi raw materi cost transport plant vari price impact diminish low proport variabl cost total cost result float glass produc enjoi substanti cost advantag rel produc product heterogen clear float glass homogen commod type product approxim primari float glass subject process gener trade research develop increasingli import manufactur sought extend rang ad product led innov line coat develop glass energi save solar control benefit product innov lead product differenti complic emerg anti competit parallel behaviour float glass produc possess basic manufactur capac produc lamin toughen safeti glass glass requir modern car design sophist lead market demand safeti glass increasingli complex shape curvatur favour thermal properti actual potenti competit market entri barrier actual competit commiss identifi signific produc import float glass commun turkish firm tscf market share insignific approxim oper close full capac potenti competit potenti entri commun float glass market product float glass extrem capit intens estim cost minimum effici float plant ecu million invest float plant massiv sunk cost recov entri prove failur gener overcapac situat forecast increas idl capac major disincent entri technolog skill requir oper float plant effici competitor exist float glass produc poss skill investor capit resourc technolog skill willing risk market entri consid short term proposit mere time requir plant construct order year importantli plan permiss delai refus major environment object present condit potenti entri medium term parti state notif entri year regard major independ float glass manufactur east pilkington expect enter commun market impact import tariff import float glass lamin toughen glass seal unit mirror glass gener subject import tariff efta countri turkei poland hungari czech slovak republ rate duti import commun countri efta countri hungari czech slovak republ poland turkei import countri includ calcul commiss deriv market share subject tariff rate duti vi stabil anti competit parallel behaviour incent reneg tacit parallel behaviour view econom float glass product low variabl cost result high margin profit addit sale strong temptat individu produc undercut competitor price increas market share rapid detect behaviour difficult parallel behaviour undermin produc incent reneg tacit price understand price elast demand market level low individu price elast demand face singl firm appear higher asymmetr vertic integr consider variat extent vertic integr remain produc saint gobain exhibit greatest degre vertic integr pilkington glaverbel ppg guardian integr lesser extent regard import processor fragment suppli chain parallel behaviour chanc success conduct level case feasibl undermin variat vertic integr independ processor purchas ppg guardian competit downstream subsidiari case saint gobain pilkington effect capac guardian establish float line tudela navarra spain larg plant product expect commenc novemb increas float glass overcapac commun requir guardian sell addit output significantli frustrat attempt creat situat anti competit parallel behaviour vii flovetro joint ventur flovetro plant smallest siv plant ouput repres commun sale float glass plant oper saint gobain technolog siv repres man board director flovetro bound confidenti declar disclos technolog regard rel inflex float glass product scope market consider interven product process principl jv oper strict basi parent take equal share product flovetro financ profit earn sale parent limit storag facil stock output separ organ collect lorri parent origin flovetro jv agreement siv saint gobain notifi commiss januari subject administr comfort letter date august comfort provid administr letter unlimit durat commiss review statu exist comfort letter light materi chang circumst assess level gener trade market characterist suppli chain end user extrem complic difficulti glass move suppli chain process level unprocess glass toughen lamin glass type subsequ manufactur seal unit complex analysi compound larg number particip suppli chain find commiss thousand independ produc produc link float glass produc make seal glass unit commun toughen glass lamin silver glass difficult calcul precis market share collect market posit float glass produc gener strong level level confirm inform gather commiss exist float glass produc combin market share approxim seal unit toughen glass lamin glass silver glass manufactur commun market share addit overlap market share pilkington siv aris concentr exist insignific except lamin glass germani firstli siv produc silver toughen glass gener trade seal unit siv market share itali whilst pilkington activ italian market thirdli respect sale lamin unprocess glass end user addit estim market share tabl lamin glass quot quot id quot quot gt franc gt id quot quot gt lt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt quot gt id quot quot gt germani gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt quot gt id quot quot gt itali gt id quot quot gt lt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt quot gt interest busi secreci market share rang unprocess glass sold end user quot quot id quot quot gt franc gt id quot quot gt lt gt id quot quot gt lt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt quot gt id quot quot gt germani gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt lt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt lt quot gt id quot quot gt itali gt id quot quot gt lt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt quot gt interest busi secreci market share rang except lamin glass germani addit market share insignific pilkington estim market share lamin glass germani subject competit saint gobain glaverbel independ clear pilkington siv acquir posit singl domin collect domin gener term creation domin level difficult addit presenc independ processor signific market share hold eas market entri remain provid competit suppli raw float glass level reason analysi level competit sourc suppli remain futur respect sale unprocess glass end user germani pilkington saint gobain combin marekt share exceed ppg glaverbel guardian name market share approxim present german market restrict abil saint gobain pilkington impos higher price pilkington saint gobain unabl structur mean impos higher price germani past market share pilkington margin increas acquisit siv assess level automot trade market characterist automot trade consider gener trade fewer independ processor level oem oe sector hand mean volum sale level process limit hand competit assess level significantli level oem oe sector exist float glass produc activ automot trade rel degre concentr higher guardian recent enter market specif requir vehicl manufactur term product qualiti develop volum time deliveri signific supplier oem oe sector float glass produc independ famili own busi soliv belgium independ aftermarket iam sector independ supplier duglass rioglass spain heywood william group unit kingdom troesch switzerland vetro sud itali irda safeti glass greec lamin ab sweden lamil ab norwai lipponen tarnglass jaakko tuot finland market share data submit parti market share base number glass piec quot quot quot id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt quot gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt quot gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt quot gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt quot gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt quot gt id quot quot gt lt gt id quot quot gt lt gt id quot quot gt lt gt id quot quot gt lt quot gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt lt gt id quot quot gt lt quot gt id quot quot gt lt gt id quot quot gt lt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt quot gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt gt id quot quot gt quot gt market share broadli compar calcul commiss base pilkington market share underst siv overst iam sector guardian enter oem oe iam sector signific sale sector concentr pilkington improv market posit oem oe sector lamin toughen glass remain place market leader saint gobain collect domin oem oe sector combin market share saint gobain pilkington siv oem oe sector roughli exce concentr commiss give rise duopoli reason demand side purchas power vehicl manufactur possess consider purchas power strengthen trend singl sourc glass piec receiv variabl share requir vehicl manufactur singl sourc oppos multipl sourc mean supplier receiv order requir greater competit pressur win full order competit pressur accentu eas vehicl manufactur switch supplier exist produc possess intellectu properti right strength vehicl manufactur purchas posit relat order oblig exist produc make right supplier time sophist purchas depart vehicl manufactur mean close monitor product cost price float glass produc vehicl manufactur contact commiss concern propos concentr sever declin motor vehicl sale commun approxim renegoti exist contract establish long term contract price pressur aggress purchas techniqu develop sector suppli price decreas nomin term contract contract commonplac excess capac oem oe sector excess capac greater level product raw float glass level capac util data collect commiss excess capac exist float glass produc soliv li broadli rang lamin glass toughen glass compar saint gobain pilkington siv glaverbel ppg high excess capac true guardian recent enter oem oe iam market commun grevenmach plant luxembourg commenc product februari iam sector pilkington siv saint gobain combin market share exceed iam sector lamin toughen glass commiss duopoli creat sector reason set number independ supplier addit oem oe supplier larg number independ supplier maintain effect competit maintain iam sector whilst increas purchas power take place demand side expans compani auto windscreen carglass organ distribut replac glass nation intern line build chain fit centr fall short purchas power enjoi vehicl manufactur oem oe sector interest float glass produc weaken posit iam outlet compet author oe dealer iam outlet charg lower price final custom polici serv displac demand replac glass iam oe segment disadvantag float glass produc suppli price iam segment higher oe segment increas substanti purchas power vehicl manufactur vi conclus regard market share strength produc acquisit siv pilkington techint lead posit singl domin propos concentr oper increas degre concentr sector highli concentr subject high entri barrier econom characterist float glass industri provid strong incent engag anti competit parallel behaviour industri subject cartel behaviour past float glass market commun suffer increas surplu capac caus rel declin demand main applic architectur glass construct safeti glass emploi vehicl construct led price decreas year overcapac expect increas year basi commiss find analysi insuffici evid conclud market structur creat implement propos concentr creation anti competit parallel behaviour asymmetri market posit remain float glass produc render anti competit parallel behaviour difficult appear insuffici market transpar behaviour gener trade numer independ processor distributor downstream automot trade vehicl manufactur exert consider purchas power increas guardian act aggress competitor past signific capac come onstream seek sell time current excess capac industri high margin profit earn addit sale inadequ market transpar strong incent reneg anti competit parallel behaviour ongo threat undermin creation stabil anti competit parallel behaviour vii assess commiss conclus propos concentr creat strengthen domin posit result effect competit significantli imped common market substanti part adopt decis articl propos joint acquisit società italiana vetro spa pilkington plc techint finanziaria srl declar compat common market articl decis address pilkington plc prescot road saint helen uk merseysid wa tt techint finanziaria srl corso venezia milan brussel decemb commiss karel van miert member commiss oj correct version oj oj delet busi secret combin turnov pilkington san faustin group siv exce ecu million market share present parti base product raw float glass larg part process intern float glass produc includ captiv product exceed import obtain comext data base hand calcul basi underst market share compani extent identifi relev import import ppg asf asahi glaverbel unit state hand strictli speak export commun exclud differ consid materi assess ground confidenti market share parti rang interest busi secreci market share rang technic reason wai calcul theoret capac util gener factor reflect lost output due cold repair hot repair product mix tint thick qualiti breakag loss line incl edg cut loss warehous loss appli theoret melt capac oj case siv commiss ecr ii decis februari divis feder cartel offic gervp groupement européen de producteur de verr plat european group flat glass produc basi gervp figur theoret capac util commun float glass produc context siv consid separ produc oj delet busi secret delet busi secret delet busi secret interest busi secreci market share rang delet busi secret delet busi secret subsidiari heywood william group