council recommend juli limit exposur gener public electromagnet field hz ghz ec council european union regard treati establish european commun articl subparagraph regard propos commiss regard opinion european parliament accord point articl treati commun action includ contribut attain high level health protect treati make provis protect health worker consum resolut combat harm effect ionis radiat european parliament call commiss propos legisl measur seek limit exposur worker public ionis electromagnet radiat commun minimum requir protect health safeti worker relat electromagnet field exist work displai screen equip commun measur introduc encourag improv safeti health work pregnant worker worker recent birth breastfeed oblig inter alia employ assess activ involv specif risk exposur ionis radiat minimum requir propos protect worker physic agent includ measur ionis radiat recommend address protect worker occup exposur electromagnet field imper protect member gener public commun establish advers health effect result consequ exposur electromagnet field measur regard electromagnet field afford commun citizen high level protect provis member state area base commonli agre framework contribut ensur consist protect commun accord principl subsidiar measur area fall exclus compet commun ionis radiat protect public commun reason scale effect propos action object propos achiev commun member state action limit exposur gener public electromagnet field balanc health safeti secur benefit devic emit electromagnet field bring qualiti life area telecommun energi public secur establish mean recommend address member state commun framework regard exposur electromagnet field object protect public recommend object protect health public appli relev area member public spend signific time relat effect cover recommend commun framework draw larg bodi scientif document exist base scientif data advic area compris basic restrict refer level exposur electromagnet field recal establish effect basi recommend limit exposur advic matter intern commiss ionis radiat protect icnirp endors commiss scientif steer committe framework regularli review reassess light knowledg develop technolog applic sourc practic give rise exposur electromagnet field basic restrict refer level appli radiat emit electromagnet field except optic radiat ionis radiat optic radiat relev scientif data advic requir consider ionis radiat commun provis exist order assess complianc basic restrict provid recommend nation european bodi standardis cenelec cen encourag develop standard framework commun legisl purpos design test equip adher recommend restrict refer level provid high level protect establish health effect result exposur electromagnet field adher necessarili avoid interfer problem effect function medic devic metal prothes cardiac pacemak defibril cochlear implant implant interfer problem pacemak occur level recommend refer level object precaut scope recommend dealt context legisl electromagnet compat medic devic accord principl proportion recommend gener principl method protect member public leav member state provid detail rule sourc practic give rise exposur electromagnet field classif work relat condit exposur individu accord commun provis safeti health protect worker member state accord treati provid higher level protect set recommend measur member state area bind bind account recommend object report nation commun level order increas awar risk measur protect electromagnet field member state promot dissemin inform rule practic field regard design instal equip aim obtain level exposur exce recommend restrict attent paid achiev commun understand risk relat electromagnet field take account public percept risk member state note progress made scientif knowledg technolog respect ionis radiat protect take account aspect precaut provid regular scrutini review assess made regular interv light guidanc issu compet intern organis intern commiss ionis radiat protect recommend purpos recommend member state assign physic quantiti list annex mean ii member state order provid high level health protect exposur electromagnet field adopt framework basic restrict refer level annex basi implement measur framework respect sourc practic give rise electromagnet exposur gener public time exposur signific except exposur medic purpos risk benefit exposur basic restrict properli weigh aim achiev respect basic restrict annex ii public exposur iii member state order facilit promot respect basic restrict annex ii account refer level annex iii exposur assess purpos exist recognis member state european nation standard base agre scientif proven measur calcul procedur design evalu complianc basic restrict evalu situat involv sourc frequenc accord formula set annex iv term basic restrict refer level account criteria durat exposur expos part bodi ag health statu public iv member state risk benefit decid action requir pursuant recommend decid polici adopt measur exposur member public electromagnet field member state order increas understand risk protect exposur electromagnet field provid format inform public health impact electromagnet field measur address vi member state order enhanc knowledg health effect electromagnet field promot review research relev electromagnet field human health context nation research programm take account commun intern research recommend effort widest rang sourc vii member state order contribut establish consist system protect risk exposur electromagnet field prepar report experi obtain measur field cover recommend inform commiss thereof period year adopt recommend indic account measur invit commiss work establish european standard refer section iii includ method calcul measur encourag research long short term effect exposur electromagnet field relev frequenc implement current research framework programm continu particip work intern organis compet field promot establish intern consensu guidelin advic protect prevent measur matter cover recommend review view revis updat take account effect object research includ relev aspect precaut prepar report year take account report member state latest scientif data advic brussel juli council presid niinistö ojc oj oj oj ojc ojc annex definit purpos recommend term electromagnet field emf includ static field extrem low frequenc elf field radiofrequ rf field includ microwav encompass frequenc rang hz ghz physic quantiti context emf exposur physic quantiti commonli contact current ic person object express amper conduct object electr field charg field current densiti defin current flow unit cross section perpendicular direct volum conductor human bodi part express amper squar metr electr field strength vector quantiti correspond forc exert charg particl motion space express volt metr magnet field strength vector quantiti magnet flux densiti specifi magnet field point space express amper metr magnet flux densiti vector quantiti result forc act move charg express tesla free space biolog materi magnet flux densiti magnet field strength interchang equival power densiti quantiti high frequenc depth penetr bodi low radiant power incid perpendicular surfac divid area surfac express watt squar metr specif energi absorpt sa defin energi absorb unit mass biolog tissu express joul kilogram kg recommend limit thermal effect puls microwav radiat specif energi absorpt rate sar averag bodi part bodi defin rate energi absorb unit mass bodi tissu express watt kilogram kg bodi sar wide accept measur relat advers thermal effect rf exposur bodi averag sar local sar valu evalu limit excess energi deposit small part bodi result special exposur condit exampl condit ground individu expos rf low mhz rang individu expos field antenna quantiti magnet flux densiti contact current electr magnet field strength power densiti measur directli basic restrict refer level applic restrict base assess health effect electromagnet field differenti made basic restrict refer level note basic restrict refer level limit exposur develop review publish scientif literatur criteria appli review design evalu credibl report find establish effect basi propos exposur restrict induct cancer long term emf exposur consid establish safeti factor threshold valu acut effect basi restrict recommend implicitli cover long term effect frequenc rang basic restrict restrict exposur time vari electr magnet electromagnet field base directli establish health effect biolog consider term quot basic restrict quot depend frequenc field physic quantiti restrict magnet flux densiti current densiti specif energi absorpt rate sar power densiti magnet flux densiti power densiti readili measur expos individu refer level level provid practic exposur assess purpos determin basic restrict exceed refer level deriv relev basic restrict measur comput techniqu refer level address percept advers indirect effect exposur emf deriv quantiti electr field strength magnet field strength magnet flux densiti power densiti limb current il quantiti address percept indirect effect contact current ic puls field specif energi absorpt sa exposur situat measur calcul valu quantiti compar refer level respect refer level ensur respect relev basic restrict measur exce refer level necessarili follow basic restrict exceed circumst establish respect basic restrict quantit restrict static electr field recommend recommend annoi percept surfac electr charg spark discharg caus stress annoy avoid quantiti magnet flux densiti power densiti serv basic restrict refer level frequenc annex ii iii annex ii basic restrict depend frequenc physic quantiti dosimetr exposimetr quantiti basic restrict electromagnet field hz basic restrict provid magnet flux densiti static magnet field hz current densiti time vari field hz order prevent effect cardiovascular central nervou system hz mhz basic restrict provid current densiti prevent effect nervou system function khz ghz basic restrict sar provid prevent bodi heat stress excess localis heat tissu rang khz mhz restrict current densiti sar provid ghz ghz basic restrict power densiti provid prevent heat tissu bodi surfac basic restrict tabl set account uncertainti relat individu sensit environment condit fact ag health statu member public vari tabl basic restrict electr magnet electromagnet field hz ghz gt tabl gt note fnof frequenc hz basic restrict current densiti intend protect acut exposur effect central nervou system tissu head trunk bodi includ safeti factor basic restrict elf field base establish advers effect central nervou system acut effect essenti instantan scientif justif modifi basic restrict exposur short durat basic restrict refer advers effect central nervou system basic restrict permit higher current densiti bodi tissu central nervou system exposur condit electr inhomogen bodi current densiti averag cross section cm perpendicular current direct frequenc khz peak current densiti valu obtain multipli rm gt refer graphic gt sim puls durat tp equival frequenc appli basic restrict calcul fnof tp frequenc khz puls magnet field maximum current densiti puls calcul rise fall time maximum rate chang magnet flux densiti induc current densiti compar basic restrict sar valu averag minut period localis sar averag mass contigu tissu maximum sar obtain estim exposur tissu intend mass contigu tissu homogen electr properti contigu mass tissu recognis concept comput dosimetri present difficulti direct physic measur simpl geometri cubic tissu mass provid calcul dosimetr quantiti conserv valu rel exposur guidelin puls durat tp equival frequenc appli basic restrict calcul fnof tp addition puls exposur frequenc rang ghz localis exposur head order limit avoid auditori effect caus thermoelast expans addit basic restrict recommend sa exce mj kg averag tissu annex iii refer level refer level exposur provid purpos comparison valu measur quantiti respect recommend refer level ensur respect basic restrict quantiti measur valu greater refer level necessarili follow basic restrict exceed case assess made exposur level basic restrict refer level limit exposur obtain basic restrict condit maximum coupl field expos individu provid maximum protect summari refer level tabl refer level gener intend spatial averag valu dimens bodi expos individu import proviso localis basic restrict exposur exceed situat exposur highli localis hand held telephon human head refer level case respect localis basic restrict assess directli field level tabl refer level electr magnet electromagnet field hz ghz unperturb rm valu gt tabl gt note fnof frequenc rang column frequenc khz ghz seq averag minut period frequenc exceed ghz seq averag fnof minut period fnof ghz field provid frequenc amp lt hz effect static electr field peopl annoi percept surfac electr charg occur field strength kv spark discharg caus stress annoy avoid note higher refer level exposur elf field provid exposur short durat note tabl case measur valu exce refer level necessarili follow basic restrict exceed provid advers health impact indirect effect exposur microshock avoid recognis gener public refer level exceed provid basic restrict current densiti surpass practic exposur situat extern elf field refer level induc current densiti central nervou system tissu basic restrict recognis number common devic emit localis field excess refer level gener occur condit exposur basic restrict exceed weak coupl field bodi peak valu refer level appli field strength field strength field ìt frequenc khz peak refer valu obtain multipli rm valu gt refer graphic gt sim puls durat tp equival frequenc appli calcul fnof tp frequenc khz mhz peak refer valu obtain multipli rm valu oα gt refer graphic gt hz frequenc mhz ghz peak refer valu obtain multipli rm valu note gener regard puls transient field low frequenc frequenc depend basic restrict refer level hazard assess exposur guidelin puls transient sourc deriv conserv approach involv repres puls transient emf signal fourier spectrum compon frequenc rang compar refer level frequenc summat formula simultan exposur multipl frequenc field appli purpos determin complianc basic restrict inform relat biolog effect peak valu puls field suggest frequenc exceed mhz seq averag puls width exce time refer level field strength exce time field strength refer level frequenc ghz ghz localis exposur head order limit avoid auditori effect caus thermoelast expans specif absorpt puls limit frequenc rang threshold sa mj kg produc effect correspond puls peak sar valu kg brain khz mhz peak valu field strength obtain interpol fold peak khz fold peak mhz contact current limb current frequenc mhz addit refer level recommend order avoid hazard due contact current contact current refer level present tabl refer level contact current set account fact threshold contact current elicit biolog respons adult women children approxim third half adult men tabl refer level contact current conduct object khz gt tabl gt frequenc rang mhz mhz refer level ma term current limb recommend intend limit localis sar minut period annex iv exposur sourc multipl frequenc situat simultan exposur field frequenc occur possibl exposur addit effect consid calcul base addit perform separ effect separ evalu shoud made thermal electr stimul effect bodi basic restrict case simultan exposur field frequenc criteria satisfi term basic restrict electr stimul relev frequenc hz mhz induc current densiti ad gt refer graphic gt thermal effect relev khz specif energi absorpt rate power densiti ad gt refer graphic gt ji current densiti frequenc jl current densiti basic restrict frequenc tabl sari sar caus exposur frequenc sarl sar basic restrict tabl si power densiti frequenc sl power densiti basic restrict tabl refer level applic basic restrict criteria refer level field strength appli induc current densiti electr stimul effect relev mhz requir appli field level gt refer graphic gt gt refer graphic gt ei electr field strength frequenc el electr field strength refer level tabl hj magnet field strength frequenc hl magnet field strength refer level tabl μt compar icnirp guidelin deal occup gener public exposur cut point summat correspond exposur condit member public constant valu mhz electr field khz magnet field due fact summat base induc current densiti mix thermal effect circumst form basic el hl mhz khz found tabl thermal effect circumst relev khz requir appli field level gt refer graphic gt gt refer graphic gt ei electr field strengthen frequenc el electr field refer level tabl hj magnet field strength frequenc hl magnet field refer level deriv tabl compar icnirp guidelin cut point adjust public exposur limb current contact current requir appli gt refer graphic gt gt refer graphic gt lk limb current compon frequenc il refer level limb current ma ln contact current compon frequenc ic refer level contact current frequenc tabl summat formula assum worst case phase condit field multipl sourc result typic exposur situat practic result restrict exposur level formula refer level intern commiss ionis radiat protect guidelin limit exposur time vari electr magnet electromagnet field ghz health physic respons question comment icnirp health physic