council direct march approxim law member state relat method test biodegrad ionic surfact amend direct eec eec council european commun regard treati establish european econom commun articl thereof regard propos commiss regard opinion european parliament regard opinion econom social committe method test forc member state pursu object differ respect detriment proper function common market council direct eec novemb approxim law member state relat deterg articl adopt direct method test relev toler enabl complianc requir direct establish council direct eec novemb approxim law member state relat method test biodegrad anion surfact method toler anion surfact enabl member state determin level biodegrad ionic surfact advis emploi method test purpos member state event disput biodegrad test common refer method regard approxim law member state relat deterg suitabl toler measur biodegrad laid provid articl council direct eec order safeguard unreli method test lead reject decis consider econom consequ reject decis result obtain analyt method mention articl show level biodegrad lower oj oj oj oj oj time small quantiti ionic surfact low biodegrad purpos technic problem order prevent undesir effect health environ opportun review surfact low biodegrad light technic progress technic progress necessit rapid adapt technic requir direct deterg facilit implement measur design achiev procedur establish provid close collabor member state commiss mean committe adapt technic progress direct remov technic barrier trade deterg adopt direct articl direct concern method test biodegrad ionic surfact present deterg defin articl direct eec articl accord provis articl direct eec member state prohibit place market territori deterg level biodegrad ionic surfact contain deterg determin accord method oecd method publish oecd technic report june quot propos method determin biodegrad surfact synthet deterg quot method germani establish quot verordnung über die abbaubarkeit anionisch und nichtionisch grenzflächenaktiv stoff wasch und reinigungsmitteln quot januari publish bundesgesetzblatt part page set regul amend regul june publish bundesgesetzblatt part page method franc approv decre decemb publish journal officiel de la républiqu français januari experiment standard march publish associ français de normalis afnor method unit kingdom call quot porou pot test quot technic report water research centr articl procedur laid articl direct eec laboratori opinion ionic surfact base refer method confirmatori test procedur annex direct articl amend requir adapt annex technic progress adopt accord procedur laid articl direct eec articl articl insert direct eec quot articl march member state exempt product requir paragraph articl low foam alken oxid addit substanc alcohol alkylphenol glycol polyol fatti acid amid amin dish wash product requir paragraph articl appli alkali resist termin block alkyl alkyl aryl polyglycol ether substanc type refer paragraph clean agent food beverag metal work industri paragraph appli abovement ionic surfact market septemb higher level biodegrad exist product applic ionic surfact benefit temporari derog mention paragraph normal condit harm human anim health articl committe establish adapt technic progress direct remov technic barrier trade deterg sector hereinaft call quot committe quot consist repres member state chairmanship repres commiss committe establish rule procedur articl recours procedur defin articl matter refer committe chairman initi request repres member state commiss repres submit committe draft measur committe deliv opinion draft period fix chairman urgenc matter qualifi major vote laid articl treati requir committe deliv opinion chairman vote commiss adopt propos measur accord opinion committe propos measur accord opinion committe opinion deliv commiss submit council delai propos measur adopt council decid qualifi major council act month date propos submit propos measur adopt commiss articl accord procedur laid articl refer test method direct refer articl brought date supplement refer test method establish member state refer method confirmatori test annex direct refer articl modifi order adapt technic progress adapt effect modifi neg fashion biodegrad requir surfact laid accord articl quot articl member state bring forc provis compli direct period month notif forthwith inform commiss thereof member state commun commiss text provis nation law adopt field cover direct articl direct address member state brussel march council presid de keersmaek annex determin biodegrad ionic surfact refer method confirmatori test chapter definit ionic surfac activ agent sens direct surfac activ agent passag cation anion ion exchang determin bismuth activ substanc bia analyt procedur chapter equip need measur method measur emploi small activ sludg plant shown figur greater detail figur equip consist storag vessel synthet sewag dose pump aerat vessel settl vessel air lift pump recycl activ sludg vessel collect treat effluent vessel glass suitabl plastic hold litr pump provid constant flow synthet sewag aerat vessel vessel normal oper litr mix liquor sinter aerat cube suspend vessel apex cone quantiti air blown aerat monitor mean flowmet synthet sewag synthet sewag emploi test dissolv litr tap water mg pepton mg meat extract mg urea nh mg sodium chlorid nacl mg calcium chlorid cacl mg magnesium sulphat mgso mg dipotassium hydrogen phosphat hpo mg bia bia extract product test method chapter synthet sewag freshli prepar daili prepar sampl uncompound surfact examin origin state bia content determin order prepar synthet sewag formul product analyz bia mba soap content subject alcohol extract separ bia chapter bia content extract order prepar synthet sewag oper equip initi fill aerat vessel settl vessel synthet sewag height vessel fix volum contain serat vessel litr inocul made introduc ml secondari effluent good qualiti freshli collect treatment plant deal predominantli domest sewag effluent aerob condit period sampl applic set aerat air lift dose devic oper synthet sewag pass aerat vessel rate litr hour retent time hour rate aerat regul content vessel constantli suspens dissolv oxygen content mg foam prevent mean anti foam agent inhibit activ sludg bia air lift pump set activ sludg settl vessel continu regularli recycl aerat vessel sludg accumul top aerat vessel base settl vessel circul circuit return circul dai brush mean sludg fail settl settlebl increas addit ml portion solut ferric chlorid repeat effluent settl vessel accumul vessel hour sampl mix vessel carefulli clean check measur equip bia content mg synthet sewag determin immedi bia content mg effluent collect hour vessel determin analyt method immedi collect sampl preserv prefer freez concentr determin nearest mg bia check effici process chemic oxygen demand cod dissolv organ carbon doc glass fibr filter effluent accumul vessel filter synthet sewag vessel measur week reduct cod doc level roughli regular daili bia degrad obtain end run period shown figur content dry matter activ sludg contain aerat vessel determin week excess activ sludg discard degrad test perform room temperatur steadi ºc calcul biodegrad percentag degrad bia calcul dai basi bia content mg synthet sewag effluent accumul vessel degrad figur obtain present graphic figur degrad bia calcul arithmet figur obtain dai follow run period degrad regular oper plant troubl free event durat run period exce week daili degrad valu calcul nearest final result nearest number case permiss reduc frequenc sampl result collect dai follow run period calcul averag chapter preliminari treatment product test preliminari note treatment sampl treatment ionic surfac activ agent formul deterg prior determin biodegrad confirmatori test gt pic file quot quot gt purpos alcohol extract elimin insolubl inorgan ingredi commerci product circumst upset biodegrad test ion exchang procedur isol separ ionic surfac activ agent soap anion cation surfact requir correct biodegrad test achiev ion exchang techniqu macro porou exchang resin suitabl elut fraction elut soap anion ionic surfact isol procedur analyt control homogen concentr anion ionic surfact deterg determin mba bia analyt procedur soap content determin suitabl analyt method analysi product calcul quantiti requir prepar fraction biodegrad test quantit extract ionic surfact extract obtain principl homogen sampl powder dri past dri liquid ethanol extract obtain surfact soap alcohol solubl constitu deterg sampl ethanol extract evapor dryness dissolv isopropanol water mixtur solut obtain pass strongli acid cation exchang macropor anion exchang combin heat ºc high temperatur prevent precipit fatti acid present acid media ionic surfact obtain effluent evapor cation surfact upset degrad test analyt procedur elimin cation exchang anion exchang chemic equip deioniz water ethanol permiss denatur methyl ethyl keton methanol isopropanol water mixtur part volum isopropanol ch choh ch part volum water ammonium bicarbon solut mol nh hco ml isopropanol water mixtur consist part volum isopropanol part volum water cation exchang kat strongli acid resist alcohol mesh anion exchang aat macro porou merck lewatit mp mesh equival hydrochlor acid hcl ml round bottom flask ground glass stopper reflux condens mm diamet suction filter heatabl filter paper ml filter flask exchang column heat jacket tap tube mm diamet mm height figur water bath vacuum dry oven thermostat rotari evapor prepar extract separ ionic activ agent prepar extract quantiti surfac activ agent degrad test bia prepar extract degrad test quantiti product limit maximum carri oper time order obtain suffici quantiti degrad test experi shown advantag number small extract larg extract isol alcohol solubl constitu add synthet deterg analyz ml ethanol heat mixtur boil point reflux hour stir pass hot alcohol solut coars pore suction filter heat ºc filter rapidli wash flask suction filter approxim ml hot ethanol collect filtrat filter wash filter flask case past liquid product analyz make anion surfact soap contain sampl evapor weigh sampl dryness dissolv residu ml ethanol proce case powder low appar densiti evapor ethanol filtrat complet dryness prefer mean rotari evapor repeat oper greater quantiti extract requir dissolv residu ml isopropanol water mixtur prepar ion exchang column cation exchang column place ml cation exchang resin ml beaker cover ad ml hydrochlor acid stand hour occasion stir decant acid transfer resin column mean deioniz water column glass wool plug wash column deioniz water rate ml min eluat free chlorid displac water ml isopropanol water mixtur rate ml min exchang column readi oper anion exchang column place ml anion exchang resin beaker cover ad ml deioniz water resin swell hour transfer resin column mean deioniz water column glass wool plug wash column ammonium bicarbon solut free chlorid requir ml solut wash ml deioniz water displac water ml isopropanol water mixtur rate ml min exchang column form readi oper ion exchang procedur connect exchang column cation exchang column top anion exchang column heat exchang column ºc thermostat control heat ml solut obtain item ºc pass solut exchang combin rate ml min wash column ml hot isopropanol water mixtur obtain ionic surfac activ agent collect filtrat filter wash evapor dryness prefer mean rotari evapor residu bia add deioniz water defin volum obtain determin bia content item aliquot solut standard solut ionic surfact degrad test solut temperatur ºc regener ion exchang resin cation exchang reject anion exchang resin regener pass ml ammonium bicarbon solut column flow rate approxim ml min eluat free anion surfact methylen blue test pass ml isopropanol water mixtur anion exchang wash anion exchang readi oper chapter determin ionic surfac activ agent biodegrad test liquor principl surfac activ agent concentr isol ga strip sampl quantiti ionic surfact rang strip surfact dissolv ethyl acet phaser separ evapor solvent ionic surfact precipit aqueou solut modifi dragendorff reagent kbij bacl glacial acet acid precipit filter wash glacial acet acid dissolv ammonium tartrat solut bismuth solut titrat potentiometr pyrrolidinedithiocarbam solut ph bright platinum indic electrod calomel silver silver chlorid refer electrod method applic ionic surfact alkylen oxid group titrat result multipli empir factor convers refer substanc nonylphenol condens mol ethylen oxid np reagent equip reagent made deioniz water pure ethyl acet freshli distil sodium bicarbon nahco ar dilut hydrochlor acid ml concentr acid hcl dilut ml water methanol ar freshli distil store glass bottl bromocresol purpl ml methanol precipit agent precipit agent mixtur volum solut volum solut mixtur store brown bottl week mix solut dissolv bismuth nitrat ar biono ml glacial acet acid make ml water dissolv potassium iodid ar ml water mix solut ml measur flask add ml glacial acet acid make ml water solut dissolv barium chlorid bacl ar ml water glacial acet acid lower concentr unsuit ammonium tartrat solut mix tartar acid ar ml ammonia solut ar ml make ml water equival amount ammonium tartrat ar dilut ammonia solut ml ammonia solut ar ml dilut ml water standard acet buffer dissolv solid sodium hydroxid ar ml water beaker cool add ml glacial acet acid mix cool transfer ml volumetr flask make mark water pyrrolidinedithiocarbam solut quot carbat solut quot dissolv mg sodium pyrrolidinedithiocarbam nna ml water add ml amyl alcohol ar nahco ar make ml water copper sulphat solut standard stock solut mix copper suphat cuso ar ml sulphur acid make ml water standard solut mix ml stock solut ml make ml water sodium chlorid ar ga strip apparatu figur diamet sinter disc intern diamet cylind separ funnel ml magnet stirrer magnet mm gooch crucibl diamet perfor base mm type circular glass fibr filter paper mm diamet fibr diamet filter flask adaptor rubber collar ml record potentiomet fit bright platinum indic electrod calomel silver silver chlorid refer electrod mv rang automat burett ml capac altern manual equip method concentr separ surfact filter aqueou sampl qualit filter paper discard ml filtrat strip apparatu previous rins ethyl acet place measur quantiti sampl ionic surfact improv separ add sodium chlorid sodium bicarbon volum sampl exce ml add salt strip apparatu solid form dissolv pass nitrogen air smaller size sampl dissolv salt ml water add strip apparatu add water bring level upper stopcock cautious add ml ethyl acet top water fill wash bottl ga line nitrogen air third full ethyl acet pass ga stream apparatu inclus rotamet recommend rate aerat increas gradual begin ga rate adjust phase remain notic separ minim mix phase solut ethyl acet water stop ga flow minut reduct volum organ phase solut water sublat repeat pai special attent rate ga flow run organ phase separ funnel return water separ funnel aqueou phase ml strip apparatu filter ethyl acet phase dry qualit filter paper ml beaker put ml ethyl acet strip apparatu pass nitrogen air minut draw organ phase separ funnel separ reject aqueou phase run organ phase filter ethyl acet portion rins separ funnel filter ml ethyl acet evapor ethyl acet extract dryness water bath fume cupboard direct gentl stream air surfac solut acceler evapor precipit filtrat dissolv dry residu ml methanol add ml water ml dilut hcl stir mixtur magnet stirrer solut add ml precipit agent measur cylind precipit form repeat stir stir minut leav mixtur stand minut filter mixtur gooch crucibl base cover glass fibr filter paper wash filter suction ml glacial acet acid wash beaker magnet crucibl glacial acet acid ml quantit transfer precipit adher side beaker filter solut precipit titrat return precipit beaker remain precipit dissolv solut precipit dissolv precipit filter crucibl addit hot ammonium tartrat solut ºc portion ml portion stand crucibl minut suck filter flask put content filter flask beaker precipit rins side beaker ml tartrat solut dissolv rest precipit carefulli wash crucibl adaptor filter flask ml water return rins water beaker precipit titrat stir solut magnet stirrer add drop bromocresol purpl add dilut ammonia solut colour turn violet solut weakli acid residu acet acid rins add ml standard acet buffer immers electrod solut titrat potentiometr standard quot carbat solut quot burett tip immers solut titrat rate exce ml min endpoint intersect tangent branch potenti curv observ occasion inflect potenti curv flatten elimin carefulli clean platinum electrod polish emeri paper blank determin time run blank determin procedur ml methanol ml water instruct blank titrat ml puriti reagent suspect content heavi metal replac blank account calcul result control factor quot carbat solut quot determin factor carbat solut dai titrat ml copper sulphat solut carbat solut addit ml water ml standard acet buffer amount quot quot ml factor gt pic file quot quot gt result titrat multipli factor calcul result ionic surfact factor depend composit length alken oxid chain concentr ionic surfact express relat standard substanc nonyl phenol ethylen oxid unit np convers factor factor amount surfact present sampl found express mg np equival mg ionic surfact np volum quot carbat solut quot sampl ml volum quot carbat solut quot blank ml factor quot carbat solut quot express result express result mg np nearest figur gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt gt pic file quot quot gt figur heat exchang column dimens millimetr gt pic file quot quot gt figur ga strip apparatu dimens millimetr gt pic file quot quot gt