council direct eec april brake wheel motor vehicl council european commun regard treati establish european econom commun articl thereof regard council direct eec june relat type approv wheel motor vehicl regard propos commiss cooper european parliament regard opinion econom social committe measur adopt intend gradual establish intern market period expir decemb intern market compris area intern frontier free movement good person servic capit ensur regard brake member state wheel vehicl displai technic characterist laid mandatori provis differ member state result differ provis constitut barrier trade commun barrier establish oper intern market remov requir adopt member state place nation rule draw harmon requir brake wheel motor vehicl order enabl type approv compon type approv procedur laid direct eec appli type vehicl order facilit access market commun countri establish equival requir direct unit nation ec regul adopt direct articl direct appli brake type vehicl defin articl direct eec articl procedur grant compon type approv respect brake type wheel motor vehicl condit govern free movement vehicl laid chapter ii iii direct eec articl accord articl direct eec equival requir laid direct laid unit nation ec regul ec ec tran rev add octob acknowledg author member state grant compon type approv accept approv grant accord requir abovement regul compon type approv mark altern approv compon type approv mark grant accord direct articl direct amend accord articl direct eec order account amend ec regul refer articl adapt annex technic progress articl member state adopt publish provis compli direct octob forthwith inform commiss thereof member state adopt provis refer direct accompani refer occas offici public method make refer laid member state date mention subparagraph member state reason connect brake prohibit initi entri servic vehicl conform direct appli provis refer suparagraph april member state commun commiss text provis nation law adopt field cover direct articl direct address member state luxembourg april council presid troejborg oj oj oj oj oj oj direct amend direct eec oj annex definit purpos direct type vehicl respect brake mean vehicl differ essenti respect vehicl categori defin articl direct maximum mass defin distribut mass axl maximum design speed type brake system number arrang axl engin type number gear ratio final drive ratio tyre dimens brake devic mean combin part engin function progress reduc speed move vehicl bring halt stationari halt function devic consist control transmiss brake proper control mean part actuat directli driver furnish transmiss energi requir brake control energi muscular energi driver energi sourc control driver combin kind energi transmiss mean combin compon compris control brake link function brake power deriv assist sourc energi independ driver control reserv energi devic likewis part transmiss brake mean part brake devic forc oppos movement vehicl develop type brake devic mean devic differ essenti respect compon characterist compon made materi characterist compon differ shape size assembl compon compon brake devic mean individu part assembl constitut brake devic combin brake system mean case wheel mope wheel motorcycl system brake wheel actuat combin oper singl control case wheel mope tricycl brake devic oper wheel case motorcycl sidecar brake devic oper front rear wheel brake devic oper simultan rear wheel sidecar wheel regard rear brake progress graduat brake mean brake normal oper rang devic applic releas brake driver moment increas decreas brake forc act control brake forc vari proportion action control monoton function brake forc easili regul suffici precis maximum design speed mean speed vehicl exce level undu extern influenc take account special limit impos design construct vehicl laden vehicl mean state vehicl laden attain maximum mass unladen vehicl mean vehicl submit test driver test equip instrument maximum mass mean maximum mass state vehicl manufactur technic permiss mass greater permiss maximum mass laid nation administr wet brake mean brake brake treat accord section appendix construct fit requir gener brake devic brake devic design construct fit enabl vehicl normal compli provis direct vibrat subject brake devic design construct fit resist corrod ag phenomena expos function brake devic brake devic defin fulfil condit servic brake servic brake make control movement vehicl halt safe speedili effect speed load gradient graduat brake action driver achiev brake action drive seat remov hand steer control secondari emerg brake applic secondari emerg brake make halt vehicl reason distanc event failur servic brake graduat brake action driver obtain brake action drive seat keep hand steer control purpos provis assum failur servic brake occur time park brake fit park brake make halt vehicl stationari gradient absenc driver work part held lock posit pure mechan devic driver achiev brake action drive seat characterist brake devic wheel mope wheel motorcycl equip servic brake devic independ control transmiss act front wheel rear wheel servic brake devic common brake long failur brake devic affect perform part brake brake cylind piston seal push rod cam assembl brake regard liabl breakag ampli dimens readili access mainten exhibit suffici safeti featur park brake devic compulsori motorcycl sidecar equip brake devic requir sidecar devic enabl requir perform achiev test vehicl sidecar brake sidecar wheel requir park brake devic compulsori wheel mope equip independ servic brake devic actuat brake wheel servic brake devic oper wheel secondari emerg brake devic park brake addit wheel mope equip park brake devic act wheel wheel axl park brake devic devic independ devic act axl axl tricycl equip foot control servic brake devic oper wheel secondari emerg brake devic park brake park brake devic act wheel axl control park devic independ control servic brake devic brake devic act brake surfacesperman connect wheel rigidli compon fail compon part brake devic attach vehicl secur brake devic fail function normal oper condit brake devic oper freeli correctli lubric adjust wear brake capabl easili mean manual automat adjust brake capabl adjust effici oper posit brake line worn point requir replac control compon transmiss brake possess reserv travel brake heat brake line reach maximum permit degre wear effect brake ensur adjust correctli adjust compon brake devic oper contact intend part brake devic transmiss hydraul recept reserv fluid design construct level reserv fluid easili check provis appli mope maximum speed km lower appendix brake test perform brake devic brake test gener perform prescrib brake devic base stop distanc perform brake devic determin measur stop distanc relat initi speed respons time devic fulli develop deceler stop distanc distanc cover vehicl moment driver begin actuat control devic moment vehicl stop initi speed speed moment driver begin actuat control devic formula measur brake perform initi speed kilometr hour stop distanc metr compon type approv brake perform measur road test conduct condit vehicl condit mass prescrib type test test report test carri speed manner prescrib type test maximum speed vehicl conform speed prescrib test carri special altern condit provid prescrib perform obtain lock wheel deviat vehicl abnorm vibrat test forc appli brake control order obtain prescrib perform exce maximum laid test vehicl categori test condit servic brake test carri condit start test seri test tyre cold pressur prescrib load born wheel vehicl stationari vehicl load requir test laden condit load distribut accord manufactur prescript type test brake cold brake deem cold temperatur measur disc drum driver seat saddl normal drive maintain posit test test area level dry surfac afford good adhes test perform wind liabl affect test result type test perform test brake cold gener limit prescrib servic brake perform laid categori vehicl type test engin disconnect test carri speed prescrib categori vehicl belong figur prescrib connect subject margin toler case vehicl servic brake appli separ brake devic test separ minimum perform brake devic categori vehicl attain case vehicl manual gearbox automat transmiss gearbox disengag manual test carri gearbox inop engin disconnect clutch disengag case vehicl type automat transmiss test carri normal oper condit type test engin connect motorcycl sidecar trycicl test carri unladen condit speed lowest equal maximum speed vehicl highest equal speed km whichev lower maximum practic perform figur measur behaviour vehicl record test report case servic brake devic appli separ devic test simultan vehicl unladen type test engin disconnect wet brake test subject exempt contain carri mope motorcylc tricycl test procedur ident type test engin disconnect provis wet brake special provis relat test wet brake enclos brake carri seri type test vehicl equip convent drum brake fulli enclos brake subject water penetr normal run condit test brake subject wet carri condit test dry brake adjust alter brake devic fit equip brake wet test equip continu wet brake test run flow rate brake disc brake wheel consid brake expos partli expos disc brake prescrib amount water direct rotat disc manner equal distribut surfac surfac disc swept friction pad pad fulli expos disc brake water direct surfac disc advanc friction pad partli expos disc brake water direct surfac disc advanc shield baffl water direct surfac disc continu jet direct perpendicular surfac disc singl jet nozzl posit extrem point third distanc outer extrem part disc swept friction pad figur fulli enclos disc brake provis appli water direct side shield baffl point manner nozzl coincid ventil inspect port water appli quarter revolut advanc port appli water posit ow presenc fix part vehicl water appli point exceed uninterrupt applic drum brake requir appli prescrib amount water distribut equal side brake devic stationari back plate rotat drum nozzl posit third distanc outer circumfer rotat drum wheel hub subject requir requir nozzl coincid ventil inspect port stationari back plate test equip drum brake posit obtain optimum uninterrupt applic water ensur correct wet brake vehicl driven immedi commenc test seri wet equip function continu prescrib appendix prescrib test speed oper brake devic test distanc prior point test carri rim brake fit mope maximum speed km lower water direct wheel rim shown figur figur method water applic disc brake figur method water applic rim brake type test fade test special provis servic brake motorcycl sidecar tricycl test seri repeat stop vehicl laden condit accord requir set vehicl equip combin brake system suffici submit servic brake devic type test type test carri part singl type test prescrib seri repeat stop carri accord requir point singl type test carri complet test case minut thereof perform condit test control forc constant exceed forc test test condit vehicl brake test substanti free moistur brake cold amp le initi test speed test front brake whichev lower vehicl maximum speed km test rear brake whichev lower vehicl maximum speed km test combin brake system whichev lower vehicl maximum speed km distanc initi stop initi metr gearbox clutch case vehicl manual gearbox automat transmiss gearbox disengag manual highest gear consist attain initi test speed engag stop vehicl speed fallen initi test speed engin disengag case vehicl fulli automat transmiss test carri normal oper condit equip approach gear suitabl initi test speed stop vehicl immedi subject maximum acceler reach initi test speed maintain speed initi stop vehicl turn round test track acceler forc appli control adjust maintain deceler maximum deceler achiev brake whichev lower stop forc remain constant succeed stop requir residu perform end type test residu perform servic brake devic measur condit control forc constant exceed forc type test engin disconnect temperatur condit residu perform express deceler deceler figur achiev type test express stop distanc stop distanc figur calcul accord formula stop distanc achiev type test stop distanc record residu perform test initi speed begin brake defin perform brake devic provis relat test vehicl brake devic oper wheel wheel front rear axl test speed km mope test speed km motorcycl sidecar tricycl brake perform vehicl laden purpos type residu perform test motorcycl sidecar record perform level term stop distanc fulli develop deceler control forc record brake front brake tabl oj tabl oj practic test vehicl driven driver requir calcul show distribut mass brake wheel fulli develop deceler stop distanc achiev singl axl brake devic provis relat test vehicl brake devic combin brake system purpos type residu perform test motorcycl sidecar tricycl record perform level term stop distanc fulli develop deceler control forc record test speed km mope test speed km motorcycl sidecar tricycl vehicl test unladen laden brake combin brake system tabl oj stop distanc fulli develop deceler brake perform park brake devic applic park brake devic combin brake devic capabl hold laden vehicl stationari gradient provis relat forc appli brake control forc appli servic brake control hand control amp le foot control amp le mope motorcycl sidecar foot control amp le tricycl forc appli ot park brake control applic manual control amp le foot control amp le case handbrak lever point applic manual forc assum mm outer end lever perform level minimum maximum attain wet brake deceler attain wet brake applic brake attain dry brake time period control forc appli control forc appli quickli equival requir attain deceler dry brake time type test wet brake deceler exce attain dry brake appendix requir applic wheel mope wheel motorcycl tricycl equip anti lock devic gener purpos provis defin minimum perform brake system anti lock devic fit wheel mope wheel motorcycl tricycl make compulsori fit vehicl anti lock devic devic fit vehicl meet requir devic present compris sensor sensor control control modul modul devic design deem anti lock devic mean appendix provid perform equal prescrib appendix definit purpos appendix anti lock devic mean compon servic brake system automat control degre slip direct rotat wheel wheel vehicl brake sensor mean compon design identifi transmit control condit rotat wheel dynam condit vehicl control mean compon design evalu data transmit sensor transmit signal modul modul mean compon design vari brake forc accord signal receiv control natur characterist system control wheel bring devic oper break suppli electr devic wire extern electron control signal driver optic warn signal visibl daylight easi driver check work order event failur anti lock devic brake effici laden vehicl prescrib whichev lower requir vehicl defin appendix oper devic affect advers electro magnet field anti lock devic maintain perform brake fulli appli durat stop util adhes gener case wheel motorcycl tricycl brake system equip anti lock devic deem accept condit satisfi repres adhes util defin addendum appendix coeffici adhes util measur road surfac coeffici adhes exceed test carri vehicl unladen test procedur determin coeffici adhes formula calcul adhes util prescrib addendum appendix addit check addit check carri vehicl unladen wheel control anti lock devic lock full forc suddenli appli control devic kind road surfac initi speed vmax exceed km wheel control anti lock devic pass high adhes surfac low adhes surfac full forc appli control devic wheel lock run speed instant appli brake calcul anti lock devic fulli cycl high adhes surfac passag surfac made vmax exceed km vehicl pass low adhes surfac high adhes surfac full forc appli control devic deceler vehicl rise high reason time vehicl deviat initi run speed instant appli brake calcul anti lock devic fulli cycl low adhes surfac passag surfac occur vmax exceed km independ brake devic equip anti lock devic test prescrib perform independ brake devic stabil vehicl maintain time test provid period wheel lock extrem wheel slip allow provid stabil vehicl advers affect vehicl speed km wheel lock permit addendum determin coeffici adhes coeffici adhes determin maximum brake rate wheel lock vehicl anti lock devic disconnect brake wheel simultan brake test carri appli brake initi speed km case vehicl unabl reach km speed roughli vmax vehicl unladen test instrument safeti equip effort exert brake control constant test seri test carri critic point reach immedi wheel lock vari front rear brake forc order determin maximum brake rate vehicl brake rate determin refer time speed vehicl reduc km km formula measur second altern vehicl unabl attain km brake rate determin refer time speed vehicl reduc vmax vmax vmax measur km maximum determin adhes util adhes util defin quotient maximum brake rate anti lock devic oper zmax maximum brake rate anti lock disconnect zm separ test carri wheel equip anti lock devic zmax calcul basi averag test time speed vehicl achiev reduct speed adhes util formula appendix inform sheet respect brake type wheel motor vehicl attach compon type approv applic submit separ vehicl type approv applic refer number alloc applic applic compon type approv respect brake type wheel motor vehicl accompani inform set annex ii direct eec section appendix administr approv certif respect brake type wheel motor vehicl model report issu test bodi date approv extens trade mark vehicl type vehicl address manufactur address manufactur author repres date vehicl submit test approv grant refus place date signatur vehicl maximum speed vmax lower km case mope km case motorcycl sidecar tricycl test speed equal vmax vehicl maximum speed vmax lower km case mope km case motorcycl sidecar test speed equal vmax mope maximum speed km lawer technic servic examin electron control drive system regard failur mode uniform test procedur agre manufactur provid technic servic test procedur result wheel mope minimum establish measur record test report full forc mean maximum forc prescrib section appendix categori vehicl higher forc requir actuat anti lock devic low adhes surfac amp le initi speed reduc safeti reason case initi speed note test report addit requir establish case vehicl equip combin brake system initi step facilit preliminari test maximum control forc appli critic point obtain individu wheel delet