commiss decis decemb relat proceed articl ec treati case comp jcb notif iv iv iv iv iv iv notifi document number english text authent ec commiss european commun regard treati establish european commun regard council regul februari regul implement articl treati amend council regul ec articl thereof regard applic neg clearanc notif exempt submit jc bamford excav pursuant articl regul june regard complaint lodg februari central part sa undertak concern opportun heard matter commiss object accord articl regul read conjunct commiss regul eec ec hear provid articl council regul consult advisori committe restrict practic domin posit fact introduct gener case concern agreement practic govern distribut commun construct earthmov equip spare part manufactur sold jcb group quot jcb quot hereinaft specif subsidiari complaint jcb behaviour case includ examin agreement notifi commiss jcb case limit complain alleg agreement notifi draw evid gather inspect request inform jcb factual legal argument procedur complaint procedur februari central part sa compani incorpor french law lodg complaint commiss central part form purpos import sell construct earthmov machineri headquart orléan branch franc besançon bordeaux nîme turnov amount frf million ecu million activ focu equip manufactur jcb complaint alleg jcb activ step prevent central part obtain suppli jcb equip sourc unit kingdom price appreci lower franc order check supplement inform dispos commiss undertook inspect premis jcb subsidiari compani franc jcb sa distributor unit kingdom gunn jcb altrincham watl jcb leicest articl regul inspect began novemb march commiss initi procedur statement object jcb written oral submiss hear held octob jcb point thing commiss recognis earlier notif agreement commiss account jcb comment statement object juli jcb present written oral submiss hear held januari parti jcb group compris compani exclud dormant compani direct indirect subsidiari transmiss engin servic netherland bv own directli member bamford famili transmiss engin servic netherland bv own jcb servic bamford famili own control directli indirectli bamford famili hold compani jcb group princip activ jcb group design manufactur distribut excav earthmov materi handl agricultur machin provis relat spare part group sale total gbp million ecu million relev market jcb posit product market construct equip construct equip cover wide rang machin preliminari phase build construct civil engin machin excav remov level displac short distanc earth stone materi prepar site work carri commiss repeatedli construct earthmov equip includ light equip product primarili small scale construct mainten work heavi construct product primarili larg scale construct build work includ infrastructur work jcb manufactur model light equip machin sort loader excav telescop handler rough terrain forklift skid steer machin classifi traction degre turn function perform sale product group manufactur jcb close correl group ec jcb main commerci success backho loader market share unit kingdom excess competitor sale driven group market leader differ wheel loader track excav caterpillar skid steer loader ingersol rand bobcat mini excav volvo document copi jcb premis market survei show statist broken group machin competit place equal construct earthmov machineri market useless track market share lower level aggreg indic exist relev product market compani compet effect commiss product group backho loader form distinct product market ow number factor product perform function instanc backho loader rough terrain forklift lift whilst dig perform backho loader small excav forklift similarli telescop handler perform function carri excav product group custom substanti price variat product group small perman rel price increas product group lead custom switch product combin product make price rise unprofit jcb contest commiss view argu relev product market earthmov construct equip inappropri break individu product categori commiss reason depart case previou assess product group form distinct product market event precis market definit explor shown jcb propos definit effect agreement practic jcb distribut network trade member state competit appreci spare part construct machin primari product respect spare part sale spare part depend previou sale machin subject frequenc market share past sale machin proxi current market share relat spare part instanc sale object spare part base thing stock jcb machin oper jcb distributor territori weight ag machin quot year park quot price spare part low proport price machin remain low relat machin residu long period spare part amount minor proport ration produc assum minimis abnorm high demand spare part machin demand condit make absolut replac part situat delai costli price polici spare part constrain competit machin relat spare part pertain product market machin group spare part fall broad categori set decreas order degre control held manufactur machin part manufactur manufactur quot hous quot fabric element boom dipper axl transmiss part suppli parti origin equip manufactur oem basi accord manufactur design specif equip oil cooler part consum item specif engin devis specif manufactur brand machin manufactur trademark engin part brake radiat part consum item specif engin devis specif manufactur brand machin manufactur trademark tyre filter hydraul oil batteri proport spare part manufactur quot hous quot assembl machin depend degre vertic integr jcb inventori part jcb part busi split quot hous quot part parti engin part accord jcb design refer quot jcb specif part quot specif part consum competit pattern differ specif specif part specif spare part consum substitut make offici distribut network exclus purchas oblig shelter jcb brand part competit equival parti brand part brand loyalti put machin manufactur offici distributor favour competit posit purchas specif spare part direct suppli parti manufactur act competit constraint market constraint plai signific role jcb specif spare part commerci technic safeti reason compet product specif spare part fit jcb machin conceiv practic signific extent substitut infer jcb hold consider market power jcb specif spare part stock jcb machin oper relev product market spare part market jcb specif spare part fit jcb machin hand market specif spare part consum assembl oper construct earthmov machin geograph market construct equip shown jcb market share machin group high uk remain stabl twenti year compar member state demand machin ec base predomin extent appoint limit number exclus distributor cover member state centralis distribut singl locat ec ensur time distribut jcb competitor organis distribut supran basi local scope demand explain jcb competitor set dens distribut network ec structur nation basi subsidiari exclus import market penetr minor hand holland case decis commiss conclud market construct earthmov equip eea wide ow low transport cost harmonis legal requir demand pattern assess concentr event regard object relat artifici market partit commiss account jcb posit nation market restrict agreement practic effect spare part market spare part driven demand construct civil engin servic scatter predominantli stem small entiti nation region pattern suppli spare part reli essenti local presenc part rapidli prevent costli delai site work magnitud search cost proport part instal servic confin demand nation region boundari demand part ec base predomin extent centralis distribut singl locat ec ensur time distribut order cope local scope demand jcb competitor set dens distribut network ec structur nation basi subsidiari exclus import market penetr minor event regard object relat artifici market partit commiss account jcb posit nation market restrict agreement practic effect geograph delin part jcb list ec part nation question ultim left open regard jcb market posit jcb posit jcb rank manufactur worldwid share total sale backho loader major competitor caterpillar komatsu fai ingersol rand case hitachi jcb share volum construct earthmov machin sold ec rang germani unit kingdom ireland share roughli constant individu share member state franc itali spain portug benelux austria term jcb estim share ec unit kingdom jcb market share specif group machin ec individu member state backho loader rang sweden uk ireland track excav rang sweden uk ireland wheel excav rang itali uk ireland skid steer loader rang benelux finland wheel load shovel rang denmark finland uk ireland mini track excav rang sweden portug market share ec similar pattern jcb market share backho loader bracket unit kingdom ireland itali market share product ec wide unit kingdom ireland jcb main market product jcb maintain leadership backho loader product market twenti year unit kingdom ireland market penetr remain lower product market domin competitor sale spare part attach amount notic proport jcb turnov split specif part specif part franc averag turnov spare part servic distributor network total jcb estim market share specif part consum year park machin oper ec market share part relat backho loader assum make specif part safe fit jcb backho loader jcb specif part safe jcb machin oper jcb posit market power higher construct earthmov machin product geograph market definit outlin jcb posit effect agreement practic intra commun trade competit appreci secondari market spare part jcb specif spare part essenti oper jcb machin geograph market defin eea nation take account jcb posit primari market machin import part busi jcb distributor posit respect demand effect agreement concert practic intra commun trade competit appreci notif jcb distribut agreement june jcb notifi commiss distribut agreement member state ec time franc jcb notifi distribut agreement applic countri member state ec eea contin accord commiss regul eec agreement enclos form activ notifi decemb jcb furnish modifi version agreement replac notifi version concern unit kingdom hand member state ec time franc march jcb provid copi distribut agreement subsidiari franc jcb furnish revis version distribut agreement concern unit kingdom content agreement notifi jcb june distribut agreement unit kingdom notifi distribut jcb product unit kingdom govern agreement distributor agreement distributor territori unit kingdom main dealer agreement territori unit kingdom main dealer oper part territori alloc distributor territori defin distributor main dealer agreement quot distributor main dealer area prime respons sale jcb product servic jcb machin quot claus quot definit quot connect quot wholesal retail sale quot claus distributor agreement read quot distributor agre sell product wholesal resal main dealer region approv dealer territori sell product excav loader load shovel deriv part wholesal resal approv dealer territori sell retail unit kingdom quot claus main dealer agreement read quot main dealer agre sell jcb product wholesal resal approv dealer territori sell retail unit kingdom quot connect quot sale unit kingdom quot claus main dealer distributor agreement unit kingdom notifi june read quot main dealer distributor sell jcb product directli indirectli unit kingdom prior written consent jcb case jcb machin month elaps sale distributor main dealer jcb machin purchas unit kingdom hour meter machin show read excess hour main dealer distributor reason step avoid sell jcb product purchas unit kingdom resal unit kingdom jcb permiss sell jcb product unit kingdom main dealer distributor subject condit jcb regard interest retail custom countri concern quot form fill unit kingdom jcb request provid inform content agreement concert practic specif section ii quot sanction particip undertak penalti claus expuls withhold suppli quot form respons quot quot respons provid neglig mechan form accompani agreement notifi denmark june penalti gbp time price spare part purchas sourc jcb report distribut agreement notifi june member state jcb notifi distinct distribut agreement ireland sweden distributor agreement export ii belgium netherland luxembourg itali germani contract iii denmark finland spain portug export sale servic agreement iv greec austria countri provis includ notifi agreement articl agreement ireland sweden provid imposit servic fee transact allot territori version initi notifi jcb set amount fee cap retail price articl ii export sale servic agreement denmark subsequ member state ec provid express prohibit machin sold allot territori event sale articl iii provid servic fee retail price payabl distributor territori machin oper articl iv provid resal price set agreement jcb exclus purchas jcb product jcb uk exclud purchas authoris distributor claus vi agreement denmark distributor agreement export ireland distribut agreement initi found member state ec restrict sale resel ec member state sale prohibit restrict mean high servic fee jcb uk design exclus supplier prevent cross network suppli commiss reaction agreement notifi june letter date octob director gener competit inform jcb preliminari view agreement includ restrict appear contraven articl ec treati articl restrict indispens attain object set articl articl individu cumul effect jcb request amend delet provis question specif letter read quot provis prevent imped dealer freeli sell jcb product custom dealer area purchas product area refer specif provis distribut agreement uk claus expressli prohibit dealer export jcb product unit kingdom export prohibit natur fall articl exempt articl claus delet present applic suspend claus iv distributor agreement uk claus ii iii vi export sale servic agreement claus ii distribut agreement export quot provis object concern restrict direct indirect export sale purchas oblig quot reason step avoid sell jcb product purchas unit kingdom resal unit kingdom quot quot sell retail unit kingdom quot sell jcb machin spare part quot directli indirectli unit kingdom prior written consent jcb quot claus unit kingdom agreement prohibit machin sold allot territori servic support fee fix amount determin ant jcb resal price set agreement jcb exclus purchas jcb product jcb uk exclud authoris distributor letter date octob inform provid jcb copi decis adopt decemb bmw distribut system germani letter state decis provid guidanc restrict competit motor vehicl distribut agreement accept articl bmw distribut agreement prevent offici distributor sell contract good unauthoris distributor spare part repair branch depot sell resel territori advertis solicit custom territori undertak promot sale sale servic territori fulfil word activ sale territori allow provid sale servic satisfactorili promot subsequ modif notifi agreement meet staff director gener competit jcb place decemb jcb brought revis version agreement unit kingdom member state ec time franc jcb declar amend made light bmw decis enclos commiss warn letter distributor agreement unit kingdom furnish commiss modifi agreement furnish decemb definit territori distributor main dealer agreement claus quot definit quot left unchang compar version notifi june agreement modifi similar term wholesal sale claus main dealer agreement read quot main dealer agre sell jcb product wholesal resal approv dealer quot distributor agreement read quot distributor agre sell jcb product wholesal resal approv dealer case product main dealer quot word present version notifi june claus previou claus quot sale unit kingdom quot agreement quot servic support fee sale region territori quot claus state claus jcb concern sale territori jcb distributor posit provid prompt effici sale servic jcb machin ensur purchas receiv high standard servic jcb machin warranti period main dealer distributor undertook quot pai distributor main dealer territori region jcb machin servic support fee compens distributor main dealer assum full respons carri servic warranti period amount servic support fee agre distributor distributor main dealer territori region jcb machin sold default agreement parti sum jcb determin regard circumst case cost servic carri reason profit element quot meet commiss concern jcb lift decemb restrict direct retail wholesal sale abroad restrict previou claus indirect sale uk resel intend export unit kingdom restrict previou claus export part offici distributor unit kingdom member state jcb highest market share ec rewritten claus servic support fee claus oblig establish premis sale servic jcb product territori written consent jcb claus restrict territori sale solicit unsolicit direct indirect includ notifi agreement sale member state unlik bmw agreement subject commiss decis decemb possibl sell allot territori premis base territori unrestrict sale made subject undertak promot servic fulfil territori commiss wrote jcb januari letter state form distribut agreement notifi decemb resolv problem rais letter date octob letter state amend agreement justif commiss exempt articl obviou reason refer made claus delet newli notifi agreement issu resolv commiss exempt identifi letter relat sale product machin part compet jcb reserv jcb right sell author manufactur commiss reli principl laid bmw decis date decemb assess jcb agreement appar letter date januari jcb assess issu restrict sale product compet jcb refer relev provis bmw distribut agreement letter date march jcb provid detail explan outstand issu identifi letter date januari meet jcb staff director gener competit held march discuss issu version agreement furnish shortli meet initi jcb version distributor agreement unit kingdom march form attach main dealer agreement enclos jcb outlin minor alter addit made previous notifi agreement allot territori previou version quot distributor area prime respons sale jcb product servic jcb machin quot claus definit defin refer postal code version distribut agreement unit kingdom contain claus jcb distributor unit kingdom allow quot sell jcb product wholesal resal dealer quot defin agreement quot person person corpor bodi approv jcb appoint dealer distributor quot quot approv dealer quot limit claus make establish premis sale servic jcb product territori subject jcb agreement servic support fee claus limit includ sale territori commiss react newli furnish agreement unit kingdom current distribut agreement unit kingdom furnish commiss letter date decemb jcb commiss copi version distributor agreement unit kingdom princip chang state jcb reflect organis appoint distributor construct industri product separ agricultur product form attach pursuant unit kingdom distributor agreement offici jcb distributor sell product compet jcb alloc exclus territori jcb undertak sell product enter distribut agreement distributor claus territori remain defin quot distributor area prime respons sale jcb product servic jcb machin quot claus definit claus read quot distributor agre sell jcb product suppli pursuanc agreement wholesal resal jcb distributor jcb dealer approv dealer appoint case relat jcb product jcb prior written agreement withheld object valid reason quot claus jcb undertak pai give credit work carri offici distributor accept jcb manufactur warranti claus quot servic support fee quot remain unchang form version jcb furnish decemb march provis claus make establish premis sale servic jcb product territori subject jcb agreement notic limit includ sale territori offici distributor unit kingdom agre purchas part equip ancillari product repair jcb product jcb jcb distributor jcb dealer sourc jcb write authoris offici distributor undertak suppli jcb product connect warranti modif work jcb machin claus vii viii restrict agreement amend jcb argument stress trade earthmov equip treat differ motor vehicl jcb rais write meet jcb commiss staff held march commiss specif react agreement notifi distribut agreement member state unit kingdom jcb submit decemb march modifi version agreement meet commiss concern concern focus agreement applic ec member state time agreement furnish member state ec unit kingdom split sort intern record singl distributor agreement export standard form agreement jcb subsidiari jcb sa franc sign februari form attach agreement jcb franc direct indirect restrict territori sale jcb product jcb franc undertak endeavour promot product territori claus pursuant intra group arrang jcb franc appoint exclus distributor claus agre purchas resel jcb product jcb uk claus account claus act jcb uk agent claus claus price jcb product sold jcb franc jcb sale uk intra group price exce net work price charg jcb sale unit kingdom distributor version distributor agreement export furnish jcb commiss warn octob refer provis servic fee amend unit kingdom agreement word amount fee agre offici distributor set jcb outset distributor concern fail agre claus servic support fee sale territori territori defin quot distributor area prime respons sale jcb product jcb machin quot claus definit distributor agre sell jcb product endeavour promot sale servic product claus sale oblig distributor distributor agre establish premis sale servic territori jcb prior consent claus iv gener oblig distributor offici distributor agre purchas part equip ancillari product repair jcb product jcb jcb distributor jcb dealer sourc jcb authoris write claus oblig similar includ claus unit kingdom distributor agreement suppli wholesal resal includ distributor agreement export commiss file letter jcb inform commiss provis agreement notifi unit kingdom applic member state commiss letter jcb date januari inform jcb amend agreement justif commiss exempt articl version agreement member state uk franc furnish agreement furnish germani benelux itali franc concern member state jcb incorpor subsidiari distribut agreement nation territori notifi commiss adopt definit posit decis send comfort letter agreement notifi furnish jcb prior decis jcb current distribut network europ intra group price jcb group oper subsidiari franc germani belgium netherland itali spain main manufactur site unit kingdom headquart locat jcb maintain ec network independ approv distributor allot exclus territori result offici jcb network servic cover geograph area ec jcb sale uk relev nation subsidiari appoint offici distributor draw distribut agreement nation territori case order offici distributor jcb network address local jcb subsidiari price invoic jcb uk nation jcb subsidiari gener lower invoic offici distributor unit kingdom intra jcb price spare part appli jcb franc jcb itali appli offici distributor uk word french jcb subsidiari charg network distributor mark price paid jcb uk offici french distributor purchas cost unit kingdom offici distributor whilst lower stage distribut chain distributor unit kingdom frequent suppli lower price nation jcb subsidiari reason includ combin isol effici busi respons strong bargain posit purchas unit kingdom fluctuat pound sterl regard currenc lower oper margin instanc pre tax profit margin offici distributor franc low time higher uk differ year margin unit kingdom franc intern review gross profit jcb subsidiari conduct show retail price repres basket spare part franc higher unit kingdom recognis quot fact remain type part european price higher unit kingdom franc higher price franc oper gener rebat scheme achiev target perform reduc appar high gp quot result gross profit achiev jcb spare part franc percentag point higher jcb uk point higher jcb germani word sale ident spare part profit franc uk jcb group price differ appar shown intern note quot note price part vari greatli countri variat special price remain summari dealer net retail price group part discuss januari identifi varianc countri countri prior discount code quot confidenti intern note jcb subsidiari purchas price europ germani spain franc itali object quot harmonis custom achiev price end end band maximum variat quot set illustr price differ french offici distributor purchas machin spare part initi sold offici distributor unit kingdom jcb subsidiari franc lower work price paid subsidiari integr jcb group jcb franc practic competit offici unit kingdom distributor suppli french offici distributor evid show jcb franc compens offici distributor deal machin lost competit parallel trader provid ad hoc support margin parallel trader bid competit offici distributor special support provid spare part jcb set guarante fix gross margin lower purchas price evid retail price level touch competit exist germani jcb set object quot cost sell price relat quot intern jcb record highlight fact profit price averag member state germani franc system compens lost sale lower margin grant offici distributor territori expos competit parallel trader likelihood profit jcb group event price differ machin spare part creat obviou incent parallel trade plain parallel trade diminish higher profit agreement practic oper jcb distribut network gener jcb alleg commiss misrepres fact select chosen document cite context legal assess proce jcb wholli mistaken view fact commiss account jcb comment review reassess document object base consider number fact document cite decis illustr exist restrict agreement support commiss view find infring factual element jcb alleg respect specif document provid mean exhaust restrict direct indirect export sale uk member state statement offici unit kingdom distributor sale member state evidenc numer letter shown offici unit kingdom distributor refrain sell machin spare part unit kingdom contrari commiss interpret jcb relat behaviour offici distributor unit kingdom statement enforc claus agreement notifi rso ii pp fax gunn jcb jcb franc machin sold found franc gunn declar quot held respons custom action result sale trade custom quot letter heritag dispos resel base unit kingdom purchas gunn jcb explain reason carri suppli franc quot notifi jcb export machin reason care send machin jcb regist serial number machin immedi trace back suppli machin quot repli queri jcb uk gunn jcb suppli machin low price lyomat offici distributor franc gunn jcb justifi transact state machin letter gunn jcb jcb refer involv export machin austria complain austrian offici distributor quot januari year instruct ceas suppli machin sunris basi austrian friend point finger sunris gunn accus suppli machin austria quot jcb mere fact gunn jcb sale lyomat franc refer paragraph call question fact appar made cost price possibl predatori rso ii gunn justif show export unit kingdom franc machin resal offici jcb distributor network full freedom set resal price restrict similarli appli queen award export achiev watl jcb chairman recognis quot proud lead team achiev export perform compani unabl sell machin unit kingdom territori hope agre machin export achiev watl jcb limit deserv recognit quot watl jcb declar unabl export machin unit kingdom refer paragraph jcb extract show watl consid prohibit export machin watl allegedli make applic refer success increas export machin relat export machin watl restrict abil activ market export export success fairli judg refer machin rso ii pp word letter clear make distinct letter evid watl jcb effect restrict export sale machin activ passiv purchas end user resel authoris claus distribut agreement jcb watl jcb copi premis activ sale restrict definit allot territori claus quot distributor area prime respons sale jcb product servic jcb machin quot watl jcb distributor agreement insp file pp interpret claus allow jcb restrict activ cross border sale patent abus refer jcb franc disput servic commiss claim watl jcb state quot disput servic commiss machin sold good faith part deal total unit amp equip august prior order deliveri unit unit knowledg export held respons custom exercis legal sell machin month quot watl jcb made clear jcb franc quot knowingli sell machin abroad jcb sale prior agreement quot letter copi jcb premis central part ask watl jcb refus suppli central part franc handwritten note address coutt copi patterson jcb execut read quot suggest watl ignor request agre quot watl jcb refus confirm jcb instruct jcb agreement invok precondit effect suppli member state unit kingdom watl jcb decid stop suppli spare part resel compet jcb franc term quot notic jcb part suppli suppli indirectli custom jcb franc happen contract jcb servic uk termin account compani quot berkelei jcb independ jcb distributor unit kingdom recognis quot geograph locat channel port differenti price oversea inevit continu approach user agent adopt polici refer doubt enquiri jcb servic suppli quot paragraph letter jcb state quot recent discuss made clear region manag group part manag sell product territori breach dealer agreement quot ask suppli berkelei state occas quot enquiri regret suppli part resal countri quot purchas request turn offici distributor french territori jcb letter berkelei jcb refer paragraph recognis berkelei jcb entitl sell oversea purchas quot doubt quot genuin end user authoris distributor rso ii declar made jcb berkelei refrain sell final custom agent locat member state quot doubt quot charact enquiri berkelei commit case purchas agent proof agent entitl purchas behalf princip end user clear jcb servic berkelei check end user suppli effect end user agent duli authoris berkelei statement show autonomi carri sale end user member state depend jcb approv repli letter jcb franc machin oper french territori uk distributor scott jcb repli machin question quot sold volum custom gunn jcb decis continu suppli custom li uk sale quot jcb sale depart unit kingdom respons request central part order suppli tc harrison jcb point quot jcb strict guidelin export spare part golden rule deal local agenc purchas part quot central part locat request suppli franc quot export quot mean suppli unit kingdom member state exampl jcb offici distributor unit kingdom concern spare part machin declar made context relat request resel final user member state suppli effect refus restrict ground agreement jcb prevent kei reason implicitli explicitli geograph destin sale statu purchas statement jcb sale unit kingdom member state jcb view export sale machin unit kingdom express letter jcb uk sale director offici distributor unit kingdom term quot recent convers number unit kingdom distributor princip subject grei export contract hire multipl deal support aros evid discuss confirm jcb posit point grei export chang jcb posit activ discourag machin sold oversea uk distributor parti plant hire compani quot view cross border sale unit kingdom explain quot manufactur anxiou protect distributor unfair competit sourc product quot part acknowledg resel access genuin jcb part obtain unit kingdom offici distributor jcb state offici distributor act uniformli quot ensur part manag awar problem instruct suppli suspect involv spuriou oper quot main target strategi fight spuriou part activ franc germani spain interpart independ resel central part document copi jcb premis refer campaign quot spuriou competit quot includ measur quot cut sourc suppli spuriou outlet quot evid negoti jcb central part jcb initi purchas central part asset appoint offici distributor franc territori exclus dealership free suspicion aros high volum machin part divert member state gunn jcb jcb statement show interpret agreement consist unit kingdom offici distributor implement unilater conduct interpret ident jcb interpret consist jcb implement quot multipl deal trade support quot system unit kingdom descript jcb put oper system allow grant offici distributor unit kingdom system quot multipl deal trade support quot consist basic reduct work price paid offici distributor intend competit transact larg custom involv signific number machin jcb allow trade support provid regard rang factor includ number machin mix product sold composit fleet new busi relat purchas number type trade machin ident competitor transact allow grant condit machin sold end user jcb justifi condit basi offici distributor unit kingdom entitl sell unauthoris resel offici distributor entitl quot agreement notifi switch compet brand quot amount determin ad hoc basi transact backho loader fix scale amount averag allow amount work price jcb machin price backho loader transact concern support provid jcb sale unit kingdom clarif instruct implement quot multipl deal trade support quot system made circular letter unit kingdom distributor network unit kingdom distributor entitl claim grant allow subject condit fulfil shown paragraph allow paid jcb essenti condit obtain support fulfil purchas end user payment view jcb offici distributor breach agreement quot multipl deal trade support quot system part commerci condit agre jcb offici distributor uk purchas jcb machin remuner implement multipl deal trade support system unit kingdom letter unit kingdom offici distributor jcb state quot machin elig support distributor franchis territori tripartit agreement reach sell distributor jcb sale distributor territori machin work quot letter add quot distributor conclud deal compani number locat uk sell distributor respons determin machin work machin distributor territori prior agreement jcb sale reserv withhold part support quot jcb rso ii letter refer recit address topic deal support contract hire machin remain distributor ownership jcb alleg letter state quot jcb distributor competit contract hire tool achiev sale quot make clear quot machin subject contract hire agreement receiv support jcb identifi dai report quot contract hire increas sale support stimul jcb distributor sale stimul support withdrawn agreement distributor territori request jcb jcb gave similar instruct document titl quot exercis caution quot address manag offici distributor network quot jcb interest support deal distributor territori unit kingdom oversea machin purchas contract hire rental option purchas transact nation exclud interest exercis extrem caution circumst norm cooper matter quot explan quot interest quot jcb letter paragraph quot machin receiv multipl deal support offer equip dealer current market price scottish market quot document quot exercis caution quot refer recit jcb stress distributor sell scottish market unauthoris resel rso ii pp distributor question oper resel plant hirer show support grant contract hire resel machin jcb concern document cite distributor authoris lower price machin sold respect quot scottish market quot price troubl caus distributor territori similar connect multipl deal trade support system resal allot territori evidenc fax jcb gunn jcb quot greyhound plant trade support due continu flow machin retail export territori compani regist trade support machin deliv withdrawn quot jcb state condit agre greyhound plant unauthoris resel futur support quot point purchas surcharg ad custom achiev price held gunn jcb machin held month hour whichev custom reimburs surcharg machin retail custom state period hour work transfer export distributor machin retail quot similarli establish restrict sourc suppli passiv sale member state unit kingdom itali exclus purchas jcb subsidiari itali unnotifi standard agreement jcb spa offici distributor includ exclus purchas oblig limit purchas local subsidiari claus distributor undertak sell involv sale product competit suppli jcb spa written consent claus offici distributor agre purchas spare part attach exclus jcb spa sourc jcb spa write authoris consent need sourc suppli offici distributor member state suppli jcb machin competit jcb spa jcb italian distributor prevent sourc sought sourc itali price itali lower major member state sale territori claus iii offici distributor itali undertak sell allot territori claus jcb spa retain sell directli resel allot territori type custom big compani custom purchas export distributor directli involv secur sale jcb spa control export resel direct export offici distributor prohibit oblig sell exclus allot territori sale made offici distributor itali territori offici distributor terra distributor austria slovakia jcb uk stress jcb itali quot employe jcb promot sale machin directli indirectli dealer territori equal enquiri natur direct dealer countri case terra case machin dealer free sell sofim advis sell dealer territori directli indirectli secondari trader quot whilst restat oblig offici distributor jcb make statement offici distributor commerci conduct gener sofim statement request sell distributor territori fulli consist unnotifi jcb agreement jcb itali network offici distributor sale allot territori jcb consid activ passiv sale restrict itali passiv sale distributor territori permit common rso ii pp contrari express word claus iii unnotifi italian distributor agreement refer paragraph evid implement cite recit recit adduc evid contrari jcb content franc exclus purchas jcb subsidiari articl unnotifi distribut agreement jcb subsidiari franc jcb sa jcb servic offici jcb distributor agre obtain suppli jcb machin spare part exclus jcb sa jcb servic jcb franc distinct oblig agre sell compet machin spare part letter jcb franc offici distributor franc refer made fact obtain suppli jcb machin ten machin genuin jcb spare part unit kingdom distributor jcb franc jcb view purchas polici contrari continu dealership threaten termin agreement offici jcb distributor french distributor associ confirm exclus purchas oblig includ agreement enforc jcb network franc offici jcb distributor franc allow purchas machin spare part directli indirectli suppli offici jcb distributor member state restrict access jcb network ec sourc suppli allegedli prevent offici distributor competit compar unoffici distributor franc attract price condit offici jcb distributor unit kingdom posit offer fact french offici distributor free sourc suppli cheapest market jcb exclus refer claus french distributor agreement attach jcb product part side coin oblig sell compet product sourc offici network jcb state evid enforc exclus purchas oblig franc preclud sourc approv jcb distributor member state rso ii pp text unnotifi agreement cite recit state distinct oblig jcb product purchas exclus jcb sa jcb servic distributor sell product compet jcb letter cite recit show jcb franc concern breach agreement sale territori articl standard unnotifi agreement jcb franc offici distributor undertak sell distribut jcb machin spare part mean branch depot territori agreement letter jcb franc quot bureau de concessionair quot revis base regul eec exclus territori quot suppos distributor promot jcb card extern prevent respond order extern custom ask quot interpret oblig sell allot territori franc appar letter jcb offici distributor refer activ canvass jcb find simpl fact sell territori contrari distributor agreement franc letter address jcb distributor franc jcb state quot precis sake interest liais directli avoid kind practic futur allow custom advantag competit environ prefer exchang inform regularli negoti common deal quot instanc jcb encourag collus distributor negoti order allot territori oblig refrain sell territori carri passiv sale addit oblig distribut mean branch depot territori shown jcb request offer made offici distributor custom pertain neighbour distributor territori withdrawn request offer made jcb il de franc divert jcb il de franc exclus territori franc jcb il de franc integr jcb group request offer divert legitim jcb il de franc compet potenti distributor franc letter distributor request order eman territori address offici distributor divert territori sale place offici distributor receiv lower allow compar sale territori jcb incid refer franc relat activ passiv sale rso ii pp appendix breach legitim provis agreement franc letter cite paragraph commiss show restrict territori sale encourag collus dealer custom detriment context primarili aim remind distributor question activ sale territori prohibit make clear arbitr disput involv end user distributor negoti respons cost sale servic rso ii word jcb letter anti competit object clear offer room interpret similarli letter jcb ask sem cedima offici distributor canvass effect direct indirect instanc intermediari sale exclus territori territori recent alloc offici distributor letter refer agreement jcb sem cedima make sale allot territori specif territori offici distributor depend jcb approv evidenc sem cedima purchas unit kingdom lower price competitor french distribut network illustr jcb control passiv activ sale conflict exclus right confer distributor distributor french territori refer distributor appoint direct indirect sale longer jcb jcb franc letter cite recit context record end temporari except arrang sem cedima authoris sell loir vallei quot dan de zone provisoir libr quot intermediari kleber malecot offici jcb distributor area jcb except arrang carri activ sale area end distributor telliez appoint area record jcb franc letter date novemb letter mr hargreav jcb date june agreement refer jcb approv activ territori sale approv transact irrespect transact result activ passiv market temporari except agreement aim control restrict territori sale possibl conflict exclus right held offici distributor benelux intern letter jcb nv jcb sa franc price arrang appli export machin make attract trader involv export belgium netherland letter quot investig trader quick grow turn part growth machin sale discov trader thing export franc firm name central part regret happen stop suppli trader immedi quot central part appar unknown jcb nv decis stop suppli trader export franc trader question central part client franc longer benefit price arrang set jcb nv made suppli netherland belgium attract compar french price similar arrang jcb nv export sale machin spare part resel greec similarli discontinu assur jcb uk transact quot grei channel quot quot manag control price competit subject import quot letter show provid grei market sale parallel trader greec quot manag control price competit quot offici distributor greec sale parallel trader carri jcb nv sale challeng jcb uk jcb nv lost control sale price competit rais problem local offici distributor sale carri benelux intern review subsidiari state jcb uk concern quot benelux remain major task achiev vital convers grei dealer jcb compact servic dealer carma import machin valu gbp part valu gbp berkelei hemel hempstead worri aspect insist sell jcb nv retail part price retail servic rate neighbour jcb dealer price week matter resolv spuriou part suppli luxembourg adl visit mid quot appoint offici jcb distributor carma sale price jcb competitor luxembourg made direct purchas unit kingdom jcb subsidiari worri aspect resolv germani intern memorandum date march jcb landpow jcb sale unit kingdom describ action stop grei export germani quot landpow work close jcb gmbh prevent unit kingdom machin export stop holt jcb suppli lawton quot jcb concern clarifi paragraph quot futur construct deal farm special view extrem caution grei export give sever price problem germani quot jcb concern elucid fax german subsidiari jcb uk sale quot inform machin sold berkelei jcb newland plant hire dealer bmh kindli stop grei import bmh competitor present dealer draeger bastian abovement machin credit servic fee quot fax address german subsidiari machin resold unit kingdom germani jcb declar quot determin elimin grei market machin spoken direct region director berkelei jcb servic support fee claim quot view fact quot dealer germani believ purchas local supplier evid contact unit kingdom dealer quot intern note jcb uk jcb germani state quot investig start germani confirm interpart major dealer obtain part privat investig compani consid quot jcb investig germani refer recit carri aros complaint jcb germani interpart major distributor receiv part unauthoris resel suppli breach claus unit kingdom agreement rso ii impli word quot unit kingdom dealer quot refer offici unit kingdom distributor jcb germani concern claus unit kingdom agreement plausibl concern offici german distributor purchas unit kingdom market price lower charg jcb germani event part question initi sold offici distributor unit kingdom purchas offici distributor appoint jcb germani allegedli basi abil meet jcb standard servic true part machin purchas offici french distributor challeng jcb austria letter gunn jcb jcb refer involv export austria quot januari year instruct ceas suppli machin sunris basi austrian friend point finger sunris gunn accus suppli machin austria quot jcb repli stress protect cross border sale quot manufactur anxiou protect distributor unfair competit sourc product quot ireland offici distributor ireland eci jcb request unit kingdom distributor watl jcb elimin possibl machin sold end ireland ensur quot highli unsatisfactori transact place quot transact involv quot indirect sale end user quot eci jcb close coordin jcb consist appli disciplin request distributor refus suppli central part ask eci jcb suppli list spare part instanc eci jcb transmit jcb order parallel trader involv trade franc authoris actual implement servic support fee unit kingdom franc germani spain jcb involv set amount servic fee evidenc fax offici distributor franc quot negoti sale fee frf frf custom reserv confirm agreement quot servic fee charg jcb franc unit kingdom distributor amount frf frf exampl show jcb act fulli own subsidiari franc determin amount charg fee offici unit kingdom distributor sold machin absenc prior disagr french offici distributor territori machin oper jcb similar level servic support fee expect relat machin amount repres reason estim expect cost machin rso ii pp appendix jcb stress instanc uk distributor paid fee invoic similarli jcb view consist provis notifi quot jcb seek establish formula calcul reason level servic support fee guidanc dealer jcb determin fee accord claus amount accept reason estim cost sale care machin reason export dealer pai import dealer accept amount determin dealer jcb quot rso ii jcb frf frf fee backho loader refer recit reason relat cost incur offici distributor franc reimburs jcb gbp gbp servic regard reason profit element cost estim labour travel hour travel distanc mile uniform rate appli rso ii appendix hour distanc rate profit element servic necessarili vari depend offici distributor custom locat jcb unilater set cost lieu distributor illustr control price element export sale notifi agreement set jcb place event disagr distributor concern jcb view servic support fee outlin intern memorandum quot john patterson ask conven meet establish polici implement deal identif grei export machin establish suitabl servic support fee levi export dealer quot fix servic fee quot penalti quot refer jcb correspond fee found high act deterr parallel export itali profit margin high levi quot quot export distributor amount substanti share distributor commerci margin settl disput irish offici distributor amount servic fee machin sold ireland unit kingdom distributor tc harrison jcb state amount fee repres gross profit transact jcb correspond paragraph concern deter export sale rso ii instanc fax jcb uk jcb itali cite paragraph read quot appear doubt sofim aggress promot jcb product southern austria quot instanc machin resold quot disrupt market price quot price lower austrian jcb distributor strobl provid fax conclud quot sofim determin continu trade territori contravent agreement resal comment larg price differenti imposit small servic support fee deterr quot sofim sale austria export sale recit jcb agreement itali oblig offici distributor sell territori effect letter offici jcb distributor quot sold brown sa machin pai excess gbp french jcb distributor provid warranti sale servic owner machin intent brown sa bui machin servic support fee price competit bought cheaper franc quot calcul method illustr repli jcb sale uk jcb german subsidiari date jcb germani seek servic fee jcb uk repli quot support fee calcul local custom achiev price payment request directli berkelei jcb quot spain jcb subsidiari consult jcb uk fee negoti level dealer purchas price instanc jcb amount lieu distributor irrespect actual cost letter evid attempt appli fix amount fee case outlin link actual cost servic french distributor concern jcb franc provid provid user amount request jcb cost reimburs warranti manufactur includ pre deliveri inspect test instal custom site hour servic unrecov warranti cost involv distributor price part jcb unit kingdom franc unit kingdom minut dealer princip meet bring associ jcb distributor unit kingdom state quot avoid confus cross border disput arrang agre dealer discount categori sale agent commiss sale lead categori dealer stock yard demo promot distributor carri warranti dealer take part exchang discount machin categori full jcb landpow dealer carri stock machin demonstr full advertis promot train engin warranti machin secretari request write jcb landpow obtain confirm margin fastrac quot machin joint ventur minut state quot agre gross margin maximis product rang product specif standardis dealer network quot month jcb express disappoint secretari dealer associ discount agre associ quot discount agricultur dealer meet arrang distributor believ agreement holt berkelei tch disturb hear dealer associ agre discount level discuss unwork quot conflict settl subsequ meet jcb dealer associ held juli attend mr greenshield jcb minut state quot agre secretari draft matrix adopt wholesal discount agricultur dealer amend requir place month forward order provid chequ obtain discount replac pai machin collect deliveri note ad dealer distributor trade sole landpow franchis territori basic principl discount wholesal agre quot matrix establish criteria obtain categori uniform agre discount attach minut meet jcb deni discuss jcb distributor unit kingdom refer recit concern resal price mainten reason involv amount low wholesal price distributor high offici distributor free appli higher discount lower price rso ii pp evid show jcb contest principl applic discount involv minut date intend quot avoid confus cross border disput quot avoid disput meet juli agre presenc mr greenshield jcb quot note ad draft matrix adopt dealer distributor trade sole landpow franchis territori quot matrix condit quot trade sole jcb landpow franchis territori quot tick agre discount jcb unawar jointli set offici unit kingdom distributor discount necessarili uniform point set agre common discount appli board state minut date juli mr meac tc harrison entrust quot speak relev agricultur princip view advis oper landpow franchis territori advis consensu view retail discount level maximum quot letter date june mr bell secretari dealer associ refer recit complain quot agricultur dealer price list issu refer jcb landpow agre price specif quot document make clear uniform discount agre level distribut chain distributor dealer dealer end user confidenti letter watl jcb date januari secretari jcb dealer associ declar quot individu advis jcb sale achiev higher price machin quot secretari jcb dealer associ reiter concern januari letter watl jcb state quot previou discuss correspond jcb improv achiev price quot allegedli fall context secretari jcb dealer associ request machin unit kingdom quot coordin exercis movement work achiev price unit kingdom dealer bodi quot part price unit kingdom jcb undertook calcul set price list discuss secretari jcb dealer associ request clarifi logic jcb part price move jcb declar quot object increas averag unit kingdom dealer part gross profit percentag percentag point quot quot chose concentr part dealer gross profit exclud attach breaker tyre uplift provid higher dealer margin quot jcb list price recommend price useless increas view increas quot unit kingdom dealer part gross profit quot increas gross profit achiev retail price set influenc jcb price list fix multipl jcb list price jcb letter cite recit refer increas differ price charg jcb distributor recommend resal price involv assumpt distributor sell list price guarante distributor margin gener jcb state recommend retail price list mere recommend rso ii context gross margin profit refer maximum theoret margin assert line evid reli comment jcb letter mr allen make clear jcb calcul made basi actual sale unit kingdom distributor distributor margin uplift calcul quot line dealer part servic committe recommend quot calcul margin commun unit kingdom distributor associ discuss meet associ dai concern express minut date juli enclos letter mr allen distributor believ quot jcb provid extra margin quot quot believ quot fact secretari instruct quot pursu issu behalf associ quot call quot recommend price list quot work distributor clear basi set resal price distributor simpli note jcb list recommend price hand evid show collect jcb advis unit kingdom distributor achiev higher price machin time time evidenc minut meet date quot meet previous agre principl adopt polici maximis gross margin agre cx sold maximum price promot gross margin quot associ work horizont forum jcb particip result meet correspond evidenc collect price increas base jcb list call jcb collect agre jcb franc object harmonis price territori pursu franc resal price mainten appar number occas letter offici distributor jcb declar quot find attach copi invoic malnati except price frf agre regard condit case deal order cx fork address central part custom frf net tax amount leas quot amount frf relat retail price set jcb agreement offici distributor jcb state sale malnati involv provis support jcb franc souffelmat enabl sell exception low price made sell loss rso ii pp except evid resal price set agreement jcb franc contest evid show jcb manag director warn distributor low price retail price frf jcb cx drott quot remind rang machin competitor question sell ff quot jcb contend frf sell price distributor retail price reli letter date juli mr montenai jcb franc purchas price frf enabl resel frf jcb franc legitim refus set sell price distributor frf match frf margin price quot distributor justifi low resel price price lower refer frf jcb found machin jcb competitor letter reli jcb date juli jcb mr montenai state machin follow suit machin sold zanetti sale compens lower price propos similarli revert jcb uk futur deal servic jcb franc state quot object oper machin machin come unit kingdom part price inform time bui part jcb il de franc unit kingdom dealer quotat coordin quot coordin refer price quot offici unit kingdom distributor coordin jcb uk price quot jcb franc avoid take advantag price competit jcb coordin refer compani jcb group jcb franc jcb sale want bui spare part term condit purchas place coordin group compani allegedli want jcb franc subsidiari compani jcb il de franc offer price part competit price level charg unit kingdom distributor rso ii jcb franc refer unit kingdom distributor event jcb state coordin occur compani jcb group necessarili impli sell price distributor increas time receiv order servic make closer franc impli jcb uk track purchas end user unit kingdom distributor make quotat order avoid purchas advantag price differenti franc unit kingdom coordin place jcb group directli jcb franc unit kingdom distributor outcom price quotat servic artifici harmonis awar european commun law discuss exchang letter place notif agreement commiss made clear jcb commiss accept claus initi notifi agreement involv direct indirect export restrict member state appar intern document jcb fulli awar provis ec law applic distribut agreement develop close distribut construct earthmov machineri draft repli jcb sale develop director letter offici distributor copi jcb premis tell remind offici distributor draft read quot articl articl declar inapplic case benefit consum exce disadvantag except individu basi block exempt industri regard regul block exempt permit establish select distribut network provid parti make difficult intermediari user obtain contract good dealer insid common market repeat inter alia commiss decis ford agricultur case quot decis found ford infring articl prohibit restrict parallel trade ford appli regul eec motor vehicl distribut distribut tractor commiss made clear product cover block exempt paragraph manufactur ford brought distribut agreement line provis regul eec restrict parallel trade found infring articl decis made clear benefit block exempt regul car distribut longer extend vehicl car tractor construct earthmov machin ii legal assess articl ec treati articl ec treati prohibit agreement undertak concert practic affect trade member state object effect prevent restrict distort competit common market directli indirectli fix sell price trade condit share market sourc suppli agreement undertak concert practic object effect prevent restrict distort competit distributor appoint offici jcb distributor hand jcb group compris subsidiari control jcb servic manufactur purchas product resal undertak mean articl agreement concert practic jcb offici jcb distributor constitut agreement concert practic undertak instruct jcb contractu distributor offici network acquiesc unilater act escap prohibit contain articl admiss jcb network govern agreement drawn advanc impli accept distributor polici commun jcb adjust behaviour market instruct shown jcb offici distributor implement agreement concert practic individu object effect restrict competit member state mean articl element broader agreement restrict competit mean articl govern distribut jcb machin spare part ec element defin precis agreement concert practic caught articl prohibit restrict offici jcb distributor sell allot territori member state cover activ passiv sale end user resel authoris unauthoris imposit servic fee sale made offici distributor allot territori member state implement unit kingdom remuner system name quot multipl deal trade support quot make allow grant distributor depend destin sale limit sale end user determin resal retail price discount good purchas jcb resal offici jcb distributor oblig offici distributor purchas exclus jcb jcb machin spare part resal prevent purchas distributor member state restrict sale offici jcb distributor allot territori exist durat agreement distribut agreement jcb furnish commiss unit kingdom itali germani benelux denmark ireland territori exclus alloc offici distributor area prime respons sale servic provis combin jcb undertak appoint distributor territori distribut agreement unit kingdom prevent offici distributor authoris jcb sell jcb machin spare part wholesal resal jcb distributor approv dealer word agreement offici unit kingdom distributor restrict territori sale purchas member state distributor point export sale member state sale depend jcb approv gener restrict territori sale broader ban sale unauthoris distributor inher select distribut system select distribut system unlik jcb unit kingdom base pure qualit select criteria necessarili restrict competit mean articl instanc berkelei jcb commit refer jcb doubt order oversea end user duli appoint agent tc harrison refer golden rule distribut network export deal local offici distributor relev member state question jcb gunn jcb justifi sale made offici distributor member state ground machin impli unabl export machin similarli watl jcb recognis unabl export machin uk assur jcb gener sale machin abroad subject jcb approv instanc offici jcb distributor unit kingdom effect export sale ow geograph origin purchas final destin sale restrict appli irrespect purchas end user resel authoris cover passiv activ sale standard agreement jcb offici distributor itali includ prohibit sell allot territori member state offici distributor restrict abil make export sale itali sale principl reserv jcb evid implement agreement show jcb request offici distributor advis sell distributor territori countri franc agreement jcb offici distributor effect appli prevent restrict distributor sell allot territori purchas benelux resal member state franc greec prevent purchas obtain subsequ suppli jcb product similarli austria ireland offici jcb distributor view sale made allot territori contrari agreement enter jcb refer sale approv jcb initi offici distributor unilater conduct jcb record jcb activ discourag sale machin spare part oversea member state unit kingdom distributor parti activ work prevent export unit kingdom germani jcb state polici respect sale made austrian territori offici distributor unit kingdom itali jcb state concern futur offici distributor netherland purchas unit kingdom resal luxembourg unit kingdom distributor sell german distributor similarli jcb view sale made offici distributor unit kingdom contrari territori protect german offici distributor entitl jcb attitud action confirm offici distributor follow jcb instruct distribut polici prohibit restrict offici jcb distributor allot territori suppli request member state part agreement implement jcb offici distributor prohibit restrict appli distributor irrespect statu purchas concern unit kingdom franc itali benelux germani austria ireland origin destin export sale evid jcb warn offici distributor unit kingdom cross border sale member state date back proof distributor effect restrict export sell allot territori date back unit kingdom itali franc ireland latest evid appear franc evid agreement restrict object effect jcb oversea sale unfair competit local distributor member state declar activ discourag sale instanc prohibit export sale invok jcb sale made italian distributor sofim order protect territori distributor terra similarli suppli unit kingdom germani oppos jcb sever price problem local undercut offici distributor price view jcb impedi offici jcb distributor benelux area franc jcb encourag offici distributor exclus territori negoti territori sale expressli prevent custom take advantag competit clear anticompetit intent state jcb declar prevent restrict activ passiv sale aim shelter exclus territori sale made offici distributor restrict pure geograph basi concern sale purchas includ sale resel jcb distribut network final user locat territori member state restrict prevent offici uk distributor maximis potenti sale member state context wide price differenti common market restrict export sale prevent offici jcb distributor sell lower price instanc unit kingdom resel compet jcb distributor final user member state result offici jcb distributor instanc franc germani austria ireland greec artifici shelter competit directli indirectli stem offici jcb distributor notabl unit kingdom itali prohibit restrict implement duress compens gunn jcb paid jcb sale spare part member state show sever enforc compens penalis transact custom member state compar transact allot territori offici distributor abstain transact charg higher price allow deduct compens result offici distributor member state face sever price competit end user suffer consequ jcb succeed prevent export sale clear agreement jcb offici distributor aim prevent restrict competit territori alloc offici distributor common market restrict object imposit servic fee sale made allot territori exist durat agreement claus includ standard distributor agreement notifi commiss provid servic support fee part agreement jcb offici distributor member state notifi notifi claus intern instruct jcb state amount fee applic offici distributor germani spain local custom achiev price distributor purchas price similarli appar jcb subsidiari franc germani negoti unit kingdom offici distributor payment amount fee due machin oper member state franc fee recurr set jcb franc frf frf backho loader sold unit kingdom set jcb fix amount scale servic fee direct negoti jcb offici distributor fee case sale territori offici jcb distributor part agreement concert practic implement jcb offici distributor unit kingdom franc germani possibl spain notifi part agreement state amount negoti distributor involv date back jcb involv set amount servic support fee evidenc visibl applic fix scale appar restrict effect charg fix amount conform state object cover cost incur provid servic fee calcul ant percentag purchas sell price jcb explicitli describ servic support fee penalti levi export distributor refer deterr effect servic jcb warranti reimburs jcb jcb recurr charg amount fee explain fact fee relat kind machin franc reflect normal cost incur servic distributor reason profit element servic cost necessarili differ distributor differ wage distanc travel effici perform task imposit fix servic fee type machin harmonis sell price irrespect necessarili cost stifl competit distributor fee amount substanti share instanc distributor gross margin lessen appeal offici distributor suppli machin territori includ member state differ actual cost incur servic distributor amount servic fee constitut de facto profit pass claus deter export sale penalis export offici distributor make remuner depend sell territori reinforc territori protect offici distributor direct consequ servic support fee sell price suppli artifici closer local offici distributor implement servic fee negoti offici distributor concern amount actual cost servic provid servic fee effect distort restrict price competit distributor territori remuner system refer quot multipl deal trade support quot exist durat agreement quot multipl deal trade support quot system offici jcb distributor unit kingdom receiv financi support specif transact provid condit met jcb circular letter unit kingdom offici distributor clarifi implement trade support territori sale jcb offici distributor view fals declar allow obtain condit met breach agreement quot multipl deal trade support quot part agreement jcb offici distributor unit kingdom appli evid obtain allow machin concern oper territori allot sell distributor date back restrict effect gener multipl trade support offici distributor react inter brand competit commun jcb offici distributor unit kingdom actual exampl implement show essenti condit allow paid repay claim jcb machin oper allot territori sell offici distributor allow made subject agreement offici distributor territori machin oper withdrawn jcb payment allow machin oper territori sell distributor subject agreement distributor involv act profit pass claus evid show jcb exert discret withdraw allow machin trade territori undercut local price condit offici distributor remuner averag purchas price made depend final destin sale result sale final user competit jcb distributor made profit jcb discret grant allow subject allot territori respect condit machin oper allot territori distributor sold absenc agreement distributor involv restrict competit territori condit make remuner depend sell allot territori direct consequ sell price suppli artifici closer suppli offici jcb distributor territori machin oper member state jcb multipl deal trade support necessarili limit sale end user exclud unauthoris resel offici distributor entitl switch compet marqu agreement notifi jcb withdraw support machin territori agreement reach distributor territori need reimburs provid servic jcb need ensur servic user machin rso ii reimburs servic carri machin sold territori made direct payment jcb servic support fee jcb identifi addit servic cover multipl deal trade support practic effect support system activ sale unit kingdom distributor restrict sale offici distributor member state grant support system allow limit sale unit kingdom indirectli made purchas member state reinforc market partit effect agreement resal price mainten exist durat agreement minut meet held attend offici jcb distributor unit kingdom describ arrang agre distributor respect remuner discount applic wholesal suppli categori resel order avoid cross border disput minut state common object maximis gross margin categori product discount jcb initi reaction object level level agre offici distributor principl uniform discount agreement principl uniform discount level conform month minut meet jcb offici distributor presenc jcb execut adopt scale matrix wholesal discount categori distributor includ retail discount level jcb instruct agre offici distributor concert basi achiev higher margin profit respect machin part unit kingdom appar franc jcb limit offici distributor freedom set resal price occasion set retail price agreement distributor jcb warn resal price low refer point jcb franc encourag collus offici distributor avoid custom take advantag competit sought collus unit kingdom distributor harmonis price franc uk ask quotat complianc minimum fix price level discount agre jcb offici distributor machin spare part resal part agreement unit kingdom concert practic franc agreement jcb offici distributor discount price applic resal appar unit kingdom franc restrict object agreement question unit kingdom concert practic franc object fix resal price artifici harmonis sell price discount territori restrict distort price competit agreement initi conclud unit kingdom distributor presenc jcb execut amend indic jcb necessarili influenc distributor busi conduct true request jcb made agre distributor achiev higher fix price maximis margin price irrespect exact degre agreement implement restrict object exclus purchas prevent cross network suppli exist durat agreement distributor agreement unit kingdom notifi commiss furnish state offici distributor obtain suppli jcb product exclus jcb offici jcb network sourc authoris jcb distributor agreement export ireland denmark ec member state prevent intra network purchas unlik agreement unnotifi jcb distributor agreement franc design jcb subsidiari franc exclus supplier jcb product french jcb distributor exclud sourc suppli jcb distributor member state unnotifi standard agreement offici distributor itali includ exclus purchas oblig jcb italian subsidiari distributor similarli jcb concern purchas spare part offici german distributor offici distributor uk jcb german subsidiari breach oblig prompt jcb threaten termin offici dealership franc conceiv agreement exist oblig offici distributor obtain suppli jcb machin spare part exclus jcb subsidiari franc itali part agreement enter implement jcb offici distributor restrict object effect principl nation subsidiari jcb group competit offici jcb distributor common market sourc suppli jcb machin spare part distributor lower stage suppli chain charg commerci margin practic level intra group price gross margin charg jcb subsidiari effici distributor lower profit margin logist servic unit kingdom explain distributor actual competitor nation subsidiari sourc suppli oblig offici distributor franc itali obtain suppli exclus jcb nation subsidiari exclud potenti supplier jcb machin spare part jcb offici distributor network jcb distribut network oblig object prevent offici distributor member state access potenti sourc suppli genuin jcb product member state oblig implement franc prevent import cross suppli machin spare part member state network shelter entir french italian distribut network cross suppli restrict competit exclus purchas oblig prevent french offici distributor purchas genuin jcb machin spare part cheaper member state franc notabl unit kingdom result distributor capabl offer competit price comparison offici resel obtain suppli unit kingdom interest resel arbitrag unit kingdom franc repeat attempt curtail partli explain exclus purchas oblig french offici distributor expos unfair competit parallel trader restrict object effect agreement partit nation market absolut territori protect price ident jcb machin spare part vari consider member state instanc franc uk case spare part machin intern jcb note highlight fact jcb profit vari consider member state high franc retail price highest price differ member state result normal market function competit law problem context differ price profit member state jcb machin part shed light jcb offici distributor interest partit nation market fix resal price discount common market prevent purchas take advantag wide price differenti ec element identifi restrict competit common denomin limit territori sale effect authoris distributor combin restrict agreement jcb offici distributor consist pursu object partit nation market common market view provid absolut territori protect restrict object natur arrang discount appli object maximis gross margin agre jcb offici distributor unit kingdom distort harmonis market price territori true respect special financi support offer jcb franc distributor compet parallel trader jcb occasion agre offici french distributor special allow financi support territori subject competit unauthoris resel support sole object limit competit parallel trader entail concert implement differenti price territori jcb initi object protect territori indirect competit stem unit kingdom offici distributor coordin jcb franc unit kingdom distributor price quot singl purchas oper member state aim distort market price artifici harmonis member state view restrict competit unit kingdom distributor member state unit kingdom ireland franc itali jcb distribut agreement combin territori exclus restrict territori sale select aspect prohibit sell unauthoris distributor member state prevent arbitrag unoffici distributor purchas jcb construct earthmov machin resal restrict direct competit offici distributor indirectli competit offici distributor territori member state demand end user construct earthmov machin spare part fulli mobil ec incumb offici distributor subject competit unauthoris resel final user effect disciplin price behaviour member state context larg price differenti ec market context combin effect partit nation market hand avail territori precondit restrict offici jcb distributor directli relat qualiti servic provid distributor locat area offici jcb distributor oper jcb entir satisfact jcb distributor irrespect potenti actual merit result limit number distributor competit deriv therefrom quantit limit condit alloc territori limit jcb select distribut system qualit natur laid uniformli potenti resel caught articl previous state agreement offici jcb distributor prevent restrict effect passiv cross border sale restrict competit pure geograph basi restrict sale resel authoris user member state restrict sale authoris resel user pursu anti competit goal prohibit sale machin unauthoris resel member state onward authoris write jcb restrict competit regard provis allegedli intend improv sale servic jcb distribut network ec unit kingdom offici distributor prevent sell machin unauthoris resel request pai servic fee sale made territori state unit kingdom distributor agreement fee intend maintain jcb servic standard whilst compens cost local distributor provid servic machin sell jcb offici distribut network cover ec circumst prohibit directli indirectli sell machin unauthoris resel member state goal assur high servic standard offici distributor ec provid product mainten jcb standard remuner normal commerci basi servic fee jcb warranti machin sold directli offici distributor indirectli unauthoris resel context prohibit object effect restrict competit market partit effect combin territori exclus restrict cross border sale select claus increas restrict firstli de facto prohibit restrict cross suppli offici network isol french italian market rest common market fact oblig supplement restrict offici distributor instanc unit kingdom prevent effect sale territori includ sale offici jcb distributor servic support fee levi sale made allot territori charg irrespect real cost involv penalis export thirdli multipl deal trade support unit kingdom implement similar export deterr effect servic support fee impos addit price element sale territori cost relat element servic support fee withdraw allow multipl deal trade support compens case sale unauthoris distributor compar sale resal price made artifici closer territori assum gross margin multipl deal trade support make offici distributor total remuner depend geograph destin sale appreci servic fee addition charg transact territori offici distributor lose quarter gross margin compar transact territori exampl exist collus price jcb involv harmonis member state addit price element support effect market partit purchas fewer incent shop common market restrict object effect element agreement mutual support prevent restrict import export jcb distribut network order grant absolut territori protect combin select distribut ban sale unauthoris resel jcb distribut agreement categori restrict ii restrict artifici harmonis price discount territori iii territori protect restrict passiv sale member state anti competit object partit nation market ec caught articl appreci restrict competit effect trade member state jcb hold unit kingdom market group construct earthmov machineri backho loader market share eu construct earthmov machineri higher backho loader jcb market share specif spare part higher market share product market machin market power consider part analys specif market backho loader commiss state jcb posit market power easili challeng competitor find confirm fact jcb market share leadership similar jcb agreement practic relat specif distribut jcb machin spare part produc sold member state resal member state effect unit kingdom agreement concern product manufactur member state price relat agreement unit kingdom concern product resold member state jcb offici distributor network unit kingdom restrict suppli resel purchas machin spare part resal allot territori price relat restrict financi disadvantag inhibit passiv cross border sale render sale unprofit trade flow unit kingdom member state sale allot territori penalis servic support fee effect implement uncondition receiv allow multipl deal trade support extent element diminish cancel profit sale made member state offici distributor carri appar agreement jcb offici distributor itali franc prevent distributor purchas jcb machin spare part member state restrict concern resal purchas member state home market limit notic effect common market restrict sale purchas member state necessarili affect competit trade member state competit trade member state stronger effici attract price condit present unit kingdom artifici isol agreement account factor regard jcb posit relev market natur restrict involv market partit member state absolut territori protect price fix restrict competit effect trade member state appreci mean articl articl ec treati commiss regul eec ec block exempt commiss regul eec forc agreement concert practic conclud implement appli agreement concert practic involv take measur prevent distributor user obtain contract good member state contract territori restrict resal price circumst virtu articl render inapplic block exempt provid articl regul eec paragraph preambl recal restrict distributor freedom set resal price choos custom exempt block exempt commiss regul ec appli regard jcb market share ec market backho loader volum higher threshold provid articl jcb agreement includ hardcor restrict list articl exclud benefit block exempt provid articl thereof construct earthmov machin ec jcb share total sale relev market regul ec appli jcb agreement regard articl thereof jcb agreement authoris distributor buyer machin spare part purpos resal includ restrict buyer abil determin resal price restrict territori passiv sale effect buyer restrict activ passiv sale end user duli appoint agent select distribut system restrict cross suppli distributor regul ec jcb highli complex technic equip kind issu interest consum distribut effici serv exclus select system kind allow regul ec rational appli distribut equip essenc jcb state technic complex machin mean distributor train profession capabl provid high qualiti sale servic accur inform machin improv modif problem requir consider invest rso ii pp block exempt commiss regul ec appli account articl regul articl declar regul appli motor vehicl intend public road jcb knew wrote distributor distribut arrang construct earthmov machin intend public road need view regul eec jcb execut awar commiss refus extend tractor benefit block exempt regul eec applic motor vehicl prior regul ec jcb claim letter date march commiss construct earthmov machin treat differ motor vehicl current alleg rational regul ec appli distribut system nonetheless regul ec applic quod agreement jcb offici distributor render regul inapplic agreement includ provis list articl regul rule benefit exempt restrict offici distributor purchas machin part offici distributor member state articl restrict offici distributor freedom determin price discount contract good articl fact offici distributor remuner virtu servic fee bear relat actual cost whilst determin jcb multipl deal support made depend destin sale place resid purchas articl restrict offici distributor freedom obtain undertak choic spare part compet contract good match qualiti articl individu exempt articl pursuant articl regul commiss grant individu exempt articl agreement jcb notifi shown recit provis agre implement jcb offici distributor identifi restrict competit notifi submit commiss decis pursuant articl restrict agreement concert practic validli notifi part agreement notifi furnish commiss commiss definit posit cover restrict competit analys prohibit allot territori unit kingdom suppli wholesal unauthoris resel resal select intra network sale payment servic fee sale made allot territori unit kingdom eec member state exclud franc amount fee primarili negoti sell distributor distributor territori machin oper oblig valid unit kingdom eec member state franc purchas part equip ancillari product repair jcb product jcb state jcb suppli jcb product connect warranti modif work jcb machin provis notifi agreement appli notifi appli parallel unnotifi agreement appli member state contract notifi provis unnotifi element agreement includ restrict competit analys implement unit kingdom remuner system refer quot multipl deal trade support quot determin resal retail price discount good purchas jcb resal offici jcb distributor oblig french italian offici distributor purchas exclus jcb subsidiari franc itali jcb product machin spare part exclud offici distributor subsidiari sourc member state restrict offici distributor allot territori suppli purchas member state restrict includ unit kingdom abus extens implement notifi prohibit suppli wholesal unauthoris resel resal cover gener export sale authoris resel end user imposit servic fee sale made allot territori base fix scale amount determin jcb constitut abus implement notifi claus respect principl open commiss apprais jcb agreement accord term notifi examin notif case made isol unnotifi agreement unnotifi agreement part econom legal context regard fact unnotifi restrict reinforc effect notifi restrict notifi unnotifi restrict infring articl jcb fulli notifi actual agreement commiss assess effect common market combin restrict provis individu provis member state notifi unnotifi provis appli simultan jcb distribut network apprais event actual agreement concert practic fulfil cumul condit articl analys cumul condit articl improv product distribut good benefit common categori distribut agreement exclus distribut exclus purchas distribut motor vehicl deriv jcb distribut arrang fact combin provis present categori benefit improv plan product jcb regular suppli offici distributor facilit enhanc sale market penetr ration output exclus dedic distribut network allow jcb appropri adjust product territori situat improv regular suppli common market densiti jcb distribut network dedic network allow concentr sale effort machin allot territori rapid site suppli spare part import member state cooper allow provis effici sale servic allot territori machin repair servic unpredict interv oper demand servic condit construct earthmov machin technic complex servic assur personnel capabl meet stringent servic standard guarante optim servic condit allow consum fair share result benefit consum deem obtain fair share object benefit outlin legitim concern select distributor basi abil provid high servic standard purchas jcb product oblig distributor emploi staff specialis train provid custom servic exclud benefit block exempt regul eec exclus distribut jcb negoti appoint central part offici distributor show subject support territori provid manufactur suitabl offici jcb distributor rule parallel trader jcb machin combin territori exclus prohibit sell unauthoris distributor compet offici distributor exclus purchas part offici distributor prevent restrict develop market mainten repair provis spare part optimum safeti condit separ market sale machin local market power offici distributor enjoi respect suppli tight time constraint combin outweigh expect benefit consum take account jcb import market share backho loader consum obtain appar benefit oblig offici distributor franc itali meet jcb servic standard purchas machin spare part exclus nation jcb subsidiari exclud supplier genuin jcb product offici distributor member state distributor suppli lower cost jcb subsidiari lower purchas cost pass consum applic unfavour financi condit depend geograph destin sale cost relat element servic support fee multipl deal trade support depend destin sale compens passiv sale benefici consum differ price depend cost object econom differ face artifici homogen price territori rang jcb product similarli agreement concert practic fix resal price discount benefici consum longer advantag price differenti ident product ec servic support fee cover actual cost incur servic distributor territori machin oper favour distribut jcb machin common market whilst benefici consum servic carri charg normal commerci basi offici distributor territori machin oper commiss evid servic allegedli remuner servic support fee provid basi imposit restrict indispens attain object applic unfavour financi condit depend goegraph destin sale indispens improv distribut jcb product common market whilst artifici harmonis price price element charg passiv sale discourag transfer effici distribut territori reason agreement concert practic fix resal price discount indispens improv distribut jcb product consum benefit passiv sale allow exclus distribut system avoid disadvantag competit outweigh benefit restrict sale machin spare part authoris distributor final user base mere geograph destin origin purchas indispens attain econom benefit shown accru consum true sale machin unauthoris resel provid access relev manufactur inform technic safeti requir common market combin territori exclus restrict activ passiv sale select distribut jcb network regard indispens improv distribut construct earthmov machin jcb hold ec market share backho loader machin part oper limit geograph area travel long distanc variabl locat unlik motor vehicl commiss evid predomin number end user member state effect arbitrag member state sector fail intermediari mandat purchas parallel trade ensur common market fragment offici distributor enjoi local power territori detriment competit purchas limit support term integr softwar product refer microfich safeti instruct offici distributor territori jcb confer consider commerci competit advantag distributor network argu unauthoris resel qualifi assur safeti standard requir make indispens restrict passiv sale jcb spare part view upheld number reason territori exclus quantit select criterion unrel indispens provid high servic standard authoris resel liabl product servic provid user earthmov machin profession purchas account safeti constraint order defin purchas mainten polici servic support offici jcb distributor subject artifici uniform price jcb prevent suppli spare part offici network order avoid uniform jeopardis competit final safeti constraint jcb product manufactur earthmov machin commiss indic jcb machin undoubtedli specif safeti requir substanti distinct competitor requir select suppli part select indispens allow jcb assur custom higher safeti oper machin competitor restrict passiv sale spare part unauthoris resel prevent repair assur optim safeti condit mainten servic leav potenti suitabl distributor repair offici network restrict prevent competit market repair servic emerg disproportion order attain benefit stem exclus distribut jcb specif spare part paradox manufactur claim independ resel repair assur high safeti standard situat attribut agreement enter manufactur restrict logist technic support exclus offici distributor result commiss find indispens improv distribut benefit high safeti standard accru user restrict authoris distributor end user suppli jcb machin spare part alloc exclus territori activ fortiori passiv sale final indispens benefici effect servic support fee accru consum fee charg jcb offici distributor base fix scale amount suffici purpos offici distributor involv determin actual cost negoti fee case case basi servic allegedli support fee includ jcb warranti provid charg servic distributor normal commerci basi take individu cost account reimburs directli jcb altern restrict fee oper disincent territori sale commiss carri detail examin advantag disadvantag flow exclus select distribut system jcb includ indirect restrict territori sale evid system design prevent export import artifici partit common market abus protect distributor territori cumul condit articl fulfil examin agreement elimin competit respect substanti part product question assess combin restrict element agreement meet condit articl individu exempt grant jcb notifi actual agreement implement articl regul articl regul commiss find infring articl decis requir undertak concern bring infring end commiss evid infring brought end jcb deni infring exist exist requir jcb bring end infring articl regul articl articl regul commiss decis impos undertak associ undertak fine unit account sum excess thereof exceed turnov preceed busi year undertak particip infring intention neglig infring articl treati jcb unawar action agreement conduc restrict competit offici distributor partit territori common market commiss warn jcb direct indirect export prohibit assess restrict competit infring articl articl time continu implement restrict agreement concert practic result intent restrict intrabrand competit evidenc jcb declar instruct offici distributor intern document conduct busi infring intention commit articl articl specifi fine impos respect act duli notifi commiss provid fall limit activ notif text agreement duli notifi commiss greec portug spain austria sweden finland agreement notifi form june germani itali belgium netherland luxembourg ireland denmark agreement furnish decemb modifi notifi june form date june uk agreement ultim furnish decemb form date june agreement submit applic sole unit kingdom intragroup agreement jcb franc furnish march repli request inform pursuant articl regul notifi accord relev commiss regul commiss definit posit agreement brought attent jcb duli notifi agreement includ restrict competit prohibit allot territori unit kingdom suppli wholesal unauthoris resel resal select intranetwork sale applic claus exclus unit kingdom made commiss payment servic fee sale made allot territori amount fee primarili negoti sell distributor distributor territori machin oper claus made commiss unit kingdom eec member state exclud franc oblig purchas jcb part equip ancillari product repair jcb product suppli jcb product connect warranti modif work jcb machin state jcb claus made commiss unit kingdom eec member state restrict abus implement appli member state notifi enforc scope activ notifi reinforc unnotifi restrict implement differ notifi prohibit suppli wholesal resal servic support fee prohibit suppli wholesal resal unit kingdom abus implement jcb distribut agreement notifi claus state offici distributor sell jcb machin month spare part directli indirectli unit kingdom reason step avoid sell jcb product purchas unit kingdom resal unit kingdom pursuant claus offici distributor agre sell jcb product wholesal resal approv subdeal territori sell retail unit kingdom commiss object claus constitut inter alia export prohibit commiss made distinct purchas member state purchas resal authoris jcb unit kingdom nation market jcb highest market share concern avoid jcb agreement isol rest common market claus commun offici distributor agre sell jcb product wholesal resal approv subdeal implement spite commiss warn letter date octob prevent offici distributor sell jcb machin month spare part directli indirectli unit kingdom sell jcb product purchas unit kingdom resal unit kingdom word claus version notifi june claus commun prevent transact tantamount replac claus object octob effect hand jcb encourag amend uk agreement light decis bmw distribut agreement adopt commiss exempt oblig suppli unauthoris distributor resal decis jcb agreement unit kingdom made distinct unauthoris resel sell product implement claus respect resel member state contrari commiss initi warn absenc reaction commiss justifi impos fine enforc provis enforc concern sale unit kingdom offici distributor unauthoris resel member state implement member state notifi appar ireland offici distributor make suppli wholesal resal unauthoris distributor member state depend jcb approv unit kingdom restrict includ agreement notifi ireland member state jcb enforc agreement notifi commiss fine impos jcb scope notif regard restrict present notifi agreement distributor member state unit kingdom prevent restrict sell unauthoris distributor member state enforc scope activ notifi jcb impos compens breach claus unit kingdom sale spare part receiv support quot multipl deal trade support quot unauthoris resel member state imposit financi sanction offici distributor territori sale unauthoris resel restrict competit context restrict present agreement servic support fee form describ activ notifi jcb expressli declar commiss sanction applic undertak parti unit kingdom distributor agreement activ notifi commiss form unit kingdom distinct implement jcb fine impos jcb imposit sanction reinforc unnotifi restrict offici distributor unit kingdom extend applic claus restrict sale made authoris distributor end user member state jcb instruct term agreement made commiss abus extens notifi claus unit kingdom appar gunn jcb watl jcb restrict reinforc unnotifi multipl deal trade support implement unit kingdom limit allow sale made end user disadvantag sale made allot territori compar sale servic support fee implement notifi restrict sale multipl deal trade support reinforc notifi restrict fine impos jcb accord jcb agreement instruct offici distributor unit kingdom restrict sale authoris distributor end user member state fine impos multipl deal trade support unit kingdom servic support fee implement text notifi notifi provis servic support fee unit kingdom member state european union provid servic support fee commiss warn octob respect provis notifi amount fee agre offici distributor involv event disagr jcb determin amount refer inter alia circumst case cost servic carri estim futur cost notifi provis intern instruct jcb state amount applic offici distributor germani spain local custom achiev price distributor purchas price similarli jcb subsidiari franc germani negoti unit kingdom offici distributor payment amount fee sale made member state franc evid show fee backho loader sold unit kingdom recurr set jcb frf frf instanc fee negoti offici distributor involv basi actual cost circumst case evid prior disagr distributor involv fact purpos set amount charg fee jcb nation subsidiari act independ distributor member state part jcb group actual implement servic support fee fact closer provis notifi object commiss provis commun initi notifi provis amount retail price determin agreement jcb charg jcb export distributor jcb simpli hidden provis implement submit agreement fact offici distributor freeli negoti set amount servic support fee liabl attract fine regard restrict effect fee implement jcb state concern sale unauthoris resel activ sell allot territori enforc servic support fee provid agreement rso ii pp jcb claim implement distribut agreement accord term notifi accept commiss commiss claim exampl jcb prevent parallel export constitut fact enforc notifi restrict enforc legitim notifi oblig activ sell territori servic support fee intend reflect cost servic reason profit element amount appli machin oblig activ sell territori legitim notifi agreement made jcb commiss provid appar basi jcb entitl prevent sale end user provid sale made premis insid allot territori recit conclus argument notif concern commiss impos fine infring articl regul bar commiss impos fine jcb unnotifi agreement concert practic prevent restrict territori sale member state evid includ sale unauthoris distributor unit kingdom restrict sale unauthoris distributor notifi made commiss unnotifi imposit sanction unit kingdom sale unauthoris resel unnotifi restrict intranetwork purchas cross suppli authoris distributor exclus purchas oblig franc itali extens agreement restrict sale authoris resel end user implement servic support fee differ notifi reinforc restrict multipl deal trade support occasion fix level resal price discount franc unit kingdom restrict implement jcb intranetwork purchas territori sale authoris distributor end user resal price mainten servic fee fix jcb object commiss octob remov written contract submit jcb decemb implement expressli commiss warn amount fine pursuant articl regul fix amount fine regard graviti durat infring commiss take account aggrav mitig circumst graviti assess graviti infring commiss take account natur actual impact market measur size relev geograph market distribut agreement jcb object partit nation market common market varieti reinforc restrict competit jeopardis proper function singl market frustrat princip aim commun held decad infring articl treati decis make practic case law implement restrict appar certainti respect distributor member state constitut substanti part common market sale earthmov machin commun amount eur million size market serv jcb consider combin restrict implement jcb concern larg number distributor commun inhibit export import jcb product commun restrict restrict distributor abil determin resal price unit kingdom franc restrict territori passiv sale made distributor unit kingdom franc itali ireland includ restrict passiv sale end user duli appoint agent unit kingdom distributor remuner depend territori sell multipl deal trade support servic fee implement unit kingdom franc restrict cross suppli distributor exclus purchas franc itali jcb diversifi multiproduct group jcb larg undertak consider strength product geograph market affect effect capac signific damag downstream oper behaviour infrastructur enabl realis conduct infring articl view factor jcb infring attract fine eur account graviti durat evid show element infring forc restrict distributor abil determin resal price recit restrict territori passiv sale made distributor includ restrict passiv sale end user duli appoint agent recit distributor remuner depend territori sell virtu servic support fee multipl deal trade support implement recit restrict cross suppli distributor recit year period element agreement practic forc long durat element simultan implement element appar element appar element appar light increas durat eur total basic amount result graviti durat infring eur aggrav mitig circumst jcb retaliatori measur gunn jcb distributor particip infring conform agreement impos sanction worth gbp eur jcb notifi sanction enforc agreement recit commiss evid instanc jcb impos similar retaliatori measur regard aggrav circumst basic amount increas eur commiss mitig circumst account total amount fine pursuant articl eur addresse decis agreement concert practic enter subsidiari jcb group offici distributor geograph market partit benefici distributor territori protect shelter territori sale initi made effici distributor appli element agreement distributor act duress contrari econom interest commiss anecdot indirect evid distributor request restrict agreement enforc similarli evid collus link offici distributor member state whilst provis member state present member state convers jcb appear singl player defin set enforc provis agreement concert practic member state involv period evid decis find infring request termin address jcb servic jcb own control subsidiari jcb group commerci jc bamford excav involv agreement fine impos jcb servic adopt decis articl jcb servic subsidiari infring articl treati enter agreement concert practic authoris distributor object restrict competit common market order partit nation market provid absolut protect exclus territori authoris distributor prevent make activ sale includ restrict passiv sale authoris distributor unit kingdom ireland franc itali includ sale unauthoris distributor end user authoris distributor locat exclus territori member state restrict sourc suppli purchas contract good authoris distributor locat franc itali prevent cross suppli distributor fix discount resal price applic authoris distributor unit kingdom franc imposit servic support fee sale member state effect authoris distributor exclus territori unit kingdom initi fix scale set jc bamford excav subsidiari jcb servic make distributor remuner depend geograph destin sale withdraw allow depend sale unit kingdom made exclus territori authoris distributor territori contractu product reach agreement authoris sell distributor make distributor remuner depend geograph destin sale articl applic exempt submit jc bamford excav june reject articl jcb servic subsidiari bring end infring establish articl notif decis jcb servic subsidiari jc bamford excav month notif decis inform authoris distributor commun carri passiv sale end user authoris distributor amend agreement authoris distributor allow passiv sale unauthoris distributor insid authoris distributor exclus territori activ passiv sale unauthoris distributor territori authoris activ passiv sale authoris distributor authoris distributor end user duli appoint agent exclus territori amend agreement authoris distributor itali franc allow purchas contract good authoris distributor commun inform authoris distributor commun inform authoris distributor commun request eman subsidiari seek servic support fee authoris distributor evid prior disagr distributor concern void inform authoris distributor unit kingdom allow multipl deal trade support grant sale made distributor territori agreement distributor territori made send copi correspond amend agreement commiss articl fine eur impos jcb servic respect infring refer articl restrict sale unauthoris distributor implement unit kingdom fine impos articl fine determin articl paid euro month date notif decis account account european commiss banco bilbao vizcaya argentaria bbva avenu de art kunstlaan brussel month interest automat payabl interest rate charg european central bank main refinanc oper work dai month decis adopt percentag point articl regard oblig mention articl penalti payment eur impos jcb servic dai delai implement decis delai start expiri month period implement articl decis address jcb servic rocest staffordshir st jp unit kingdom decis enforc pursuant articl treati brussel decemb commiss mario monti member commiss oj oj oj oj jcb brought proceed central part ground unfair competit french court judgment tribun commerc pari jcb behaviour franc clear attempt creat barrier free movement product ec award damag central part tribun de commerc de pari ère chambr judgment decemb main file pp judgment revers appeal pari court appeal april judgment appeal deal barrier found central part guilti unfair competit deliber mislead custom statu unoffici jcb distributor revers previou order award damag central part award damag jcb jcb act commit central part justifi refus suppli jcb sa declar court appeal jcb action aim curb central part unlaw act respect jcb trademark prevent parallel import made central part repli date juli jcb statement object appendix judgment date april read quot considér la société jcb sa soutient le action qu ell dirigé contr cell ci central part sont essentiel destiné fair cesser le act fautif déloyaux qu ell commi certain pa empêcher effectu de import parallèl quot decis examin factual legal alleg submit omit jcb ad central part litig judgment french court repli statement object date juli quot rso quot repli statement object date decemb quot rso ii quot commiss decis decemb case iv holland orenstein amp koppel point commiss decis octob case holland case oj point passag bracket busi secret confidenti inform delet rso pp commiss decis holland case point final market delin follow parti initi submiss postul broader product market paragraph decis holland orenstein koppel point commiss mention strong indic categori machin pertain product market letter jcb director gener competit date februari principl assess paragraph commiss notic definit relev market purpos commun competit law oj intern jcb document dealer review insp file pp correl stock year machin net sale part distributor territori offici distributor network franc rang quot analys résultat par ca mc net anné quot date insp file quot activité pièc de rechang quot date insp file quot activité pièc de rechang fin juin quot date insp file calcul rso commiss decis februari case iv caterpillar perkin engin oj point upstream market diesel engin suppli construct equip oem basi enlarg eea jcb group busi review privat confidenti document sign sir bamford insp file rso pp appendix cece flash retail june intern jcb memo date insp file pp cece report distribut senior jcb manag monitor market penetr record sale volum attach letter etd leadbeat dg iv date march file iv jcb group busi review privat confidenti document sign sir bamford insp file jcb share exclud attach rso paragraph attach intern note mr rausch jcb franc etd leadbeat date septemb french dealer profil insp file commiss decis holland case point propos concentr holland case rais doubt compat common market relat eea market backho loader merg entiti jcb incent market power carri parallel anti competit behaviour posit challeng actual potenti competitor order allai concern parti undertook divest fermec brand backho loader distribut asset parti subject undertak oper deem creat reinforc domin posit distinct market export sale servic agreement dk iv distributor agreement export irl iv distributor agreement uk iv main dealer agreement uk iv distributor agreement jcb intern de benelux iv sweden iv finland spain portug iv austria greec iv iceland norwai iv iv pp iv pp iv pp excav wheel drive loader crawler loader iv iv pp iv iv iv letter mr thompson director dg iv jcb sale date octob iv pp oj bmw decis paragraph ii iii intern summari meet dg iv jcb decemb read quot jcb brought meet form distributor main dealer agreement distributor agreement export distributor main dealer agreement uk replac notifi agreement contain express prohibit export protect dealer territori distributor approv dealer longer econom import uk jcb distributor agreement export eec countri franc agreement inform meet substanti answer question letter octob quot iv rso ii paragraph letter jcb date march iv version enclos letter jcb date march iv pp articl jcb distributor agreement uk watl jcb date januari insp file pp articl jcb distributor agreement copi watl jcb premis insp file pp iv pp iv pp agreement request inform date januari unit kingdom ireland offici distributor acronym jcb commerci denomin watl jcb gunn jcb rso paragraph pp rso ii intern jcb note allen patterson date june insp file pp intern memorandum shaw fernández date februari insp file pp intern confidenti note bradlei fernández date octob insp file pp letter rausch jcb franc mr malecot sem cedima date june insp file pp letter rausch jcb franc pain bpv date june insp file pp read quot nou somm prêt poursuivr notr soutien jusqu au décembr de façon ne pa laisser échapper de vent sur ce marché parallèl nou vou garantisson un marg de ff dan la mesur où vo prix sont de ff supérieur ceux du marché parallèl par ailleur dan le ca où vou perdriez un chargeus pelleteus face marché parallèl nou vou alloueron un commiss de servic de ff quot letter tellier jcb franc bpv date march insp file note de montarn jcb franc pain bpv date decemb read quot dan la mesur où bpv est obligé de rapproch son prix de vent de celui de central part jcb engag garantir un marg de pour tout pièc facturé de un marg de pour tout pièc facturé moin de ceci la condit express bpv transmett jcb inform complèt un foi par moi nom du client référenc de la pièc jcb central part prix tarif de central part quot insp file letter tellier jcb franc bpv date april insp file letter tellier colomat date august insp file pp report visit jcb gmbh germani insp file pp insp file letter heritag dispos central part date octob main file fax butler jcb sale uk lebouch jcb franc barton gunn jcb date novemb letter barton butler date novemb insp file pp letter barton gunn jcb ingram jcb sale uk date insp file quot austrian friend quot refer document employe terra jcb offici distributor austria commun date march gunn jcb jcb attribut deal lost gunn jcb unsubstanti claim terra insp file letter mr davi watl jcb secretari queen award offic date octob insp file pp letter davi watl jcb rausch jcb franc date march insp file letter vairon central part martin watl jcb date decemb insp file handwritten note date decemb decemb watl jcb repli central part quot suppli part compani jcb user dealer troubl jcb quot main file handwritten note part servic director watl jcb letter vairon watl jcb date januari main file letter smither watl jcb mjt contract date insp file letter mr roddi berkelei jcb patterson jcb sale date april insp file fax de gennaro berkelei jcb michel vairon central part date novemb main file letter briant manag director scott jcb rausch jcb franc date insp file pp letter tc harrison jcb central part date novemb main file letter greenshield jcb uk sale director mr davi watl jcb date june insp file pp letter ingram jcb uk sale director barton gunn jcb date insp file jcb state letter direct cross border sale deal impact unfair competit gener rso ii letter allen jcb part director davi watl jcb date octob insp file pp confidenti jcb memo patterson coyn date march insp file draft jcb discuss document quot spuriou competit quot insp file pp intern note patterson lebouch date juli insp file pp fax rausch patterson date juli insp file pp intern note patterson sir anthoni bamford date octob insp file jcb franc document construct engin plan date octob insp file pp note rausch jcb franc patterson jcb date octob insp file rso appendix rso ii document commiss file similar unnotifi allow system exist franc refer made mr rausch jcb franc note mr forget date june fact sale made territori receiv support quot fair objet aid quot insp file rso point rso ii rso ii privat confidenti letter greenshield unit kingdom sale director messr moreton roddi barton hillman shaw bryant meac osborn shield davi execut unit kingdom offici distributor date march insp file rso annex point pp letter greenshield unit kingdom sale director mr davi chairman watl jcb date june insp file pp privat confidenti letter greenshield unit kingdom sale director messr moreton roddi barton hillman shaw bryant meac osborn shield davi execut unit kingdom offici distributor date march insp file fax boulton distribut manag jcb mr shaw gunn midland date insp file rso ii note bonvincini jcb spa coutt jcb sale date june annex contratto distribuzion claus read quot il distributor si impegna iii vender prodotti jcb solo entro il territorio vender esser coinvolto sia direttament sia indirettament nella vendita di prodotti nuovi che siano qualsiasi modo concorrenza con quelli forniti dalla jcb exclus jcb spa defin claus se abbia ricevuto prima il consenso scritto della jcb quot claus read quot il distributor se impegna nel territorio ad acquistar parti di ricambio attrezzatur prodotti sussidiari uso le riparazioni di prodotti jcb solo dalla jcb da altra font previa autorizzazion iscritto da part dalla jcb quot claus read quot la jcb si riserva la facoltà di vender direttament mezzo di terzi prodotti jcb nel territorio alla clientela appartenent una dell seguenti categori grandi impres oltr miliardi di lire di fatturato annuo salvo che ci sia diretto coinvolgimento del distributor nel procurar la vendita ii clienti che aquistano esportar salvo che ci sia diretto coinvolgimento del distributor nel procurar la vendita quot insp file pp privat confidenti memo patterson jcb bonvincini jcb spa date march insp file relev provis french read articl quot san préjudic de ce qui est dit articl ci aprè le concessionnair engag pour la duré du contrat titr de condit essentiel de celui ci approvisionn en produit jcb en pièc jcb exclusiv auprè respectiv de jcb sa de jcb servic ne pa vendr diffus ni promouvoir direct ou indirect pendant la duré du présent contrat sur le territoir de produit direct ou indirect concurr de produit jcb except de machin occas ni de pièc jcb quot jcb spare part defin pertain jcb machin includ jcb catalogu annex point contrat de concess insp file pp letter rausch jcb sa malecot sem cedima date june insp file pp relev passag read quot entr temp nou avon appri vou avez ailleur confirmé monsieur dominiqu fontana vou avez acheté de machin neuv jcb pa no société français mai de société anglais il sembl cela concernerait un dizain de machin par ailleur vou nou avez également confirmé qu il vou arrivait de vou approvisionn en pièc origin jcb auprè de société britanniqu nou comprenon donc tant du fait de cett politiqu achat qui appel au demeur no express réserv aprè le dernier entretien téléphoniqu nou avon eu vou ne croyez pa pouvoir envisag de mettr en oeuvr le projet de collabor tel nou avon défini dan notr courrier du avril qui est resté ce jour san répons en conséquenc nou vou indiquon en tant de besoin nou vou notifion qu compter du décembr le société jcb sa jcb manutent jcb servic cesseront tout relat commercial avec vo société sem cedima malecot quot jcb state fax rausch jcb franc coutt jcb uk state connect purchas quot confirm machin sold direct gunn dealer call sem cedima malecot price machin sold support jcb sale case creat major problem serial number transfer berkelei gunn retail greyhound sold gunn retail greyhound quot rso ii annex letter confidenti dg iv date februari main file pp letter read quot approvisionn en machin pièc dan pai de la cee si jcb jamai tenu formalis par écrit le interdict achat de pièc de rechang le matériel de la marqu en dehor de sourc approvisionn de jcb franc cell ci effectué de pression sur le réseau sur notr société en utilis le moyen dispon concédant vi vi concessionnair pour empêcher cett sourc approvisionn autr ce interdict fait par jcb sont néanmoin aussi contractuel puisqu inscrit dan le contrat de concess annex includ distributor agreement quot letter mr pain bpv offici distributor franc rausch jcb franc date april read quot exist de plusieur réseaux pirat est pa compat avec réseau concessionnair tel vou le souhaitez troi solut nou semblent envisag ajust le prix de cession pièc matériel franc avec le prix de cession angleterr ajust le prix de cession angleterr avec le prix de cession franc laisser la possibilité vo concessionnair un vraie libr concurr notam de approvisionn sur le marché le attractif quot insp file pp letter de montarn jcb sa mr pain bpv date juli letter read quot nou somm intervenu auprè de la société technicentr pour lui rappel contractuel le concessionnair jcb sont engagé ne pa vendr ni diffus de produit jcb neuf ou démonstrat de moin de moi en dehor de leur territoir quot insp file interpret relev provis word found letter mr caujol jcb sa messr matton mella société philipp mtp date januari insp file whilst quot diffus quot promot refer activ sale quot vendr quot sell includ passiv unsolicit sale encourag collus letter word quot nou souhaiterion concrètement dan vo intérêt commun bien compri vou vou mettiez direct en relat pour éviter dan avenir ce genr de pratiqu il est en effet préférabl échanger régulièr de inform ou de négocier entr vou ce affair commun plutôt de fair bénéficier le client de ce climat concurrentiel quot letter caujol jcb franc société philipp mtp date januari insp file letter dorval cazalb pinault equip jcb date januari insp file quot il apparaît nou somm de en fréquemment concurrencé en matièr de pièc de rechang par votr filial il de franc en effet cell ci livr direct de distributeur aquitain nou vou demandon intervenir énergiqu auprè de jcb il de franc afin le demand de pièc de aquitain nou soient immédiat répercuté conformé no accord quot refer made mr rausch jcb franc note mr forget date june fact sale made territori receiv support quot fair objet aid quot insp file letter de montarn jcb franc malécot sem cedima date novemb quot suit plusieur entretien vou avez eu avec monsieur desmoulièr il avait été convenu lorsqu vou auriez un opportunité de vent hor du territoir de votr concess dan un zone couvert par concessionnair jcb vou nou en informeriez ne concluriez aucun affair commercial avant avoir reçu accord initi de jcb franc aujourd hui nou vou confirmon jcb nommé entrepris thelliez mer comm concessionnair dan la région centr val de loir département en fonction de ce qui précède nou vou demandon de ne réalis de prospect ni de vent direct ou indirect par exempl par intermédiair en dehor du territoir exclusif de sem cedima qui vou été concédé vou remerci de respect le point import ci dessu évoqué quot letter krug jcb nv guillemard jcb franc date june insp file letter zeevenhooven jcb nv coutt jcb sale date march intern note shaw jcb servic part mr allen date insp file note bell manag director jcb landpow greenshield date march insp file fax bohnenkamp jcb gmbh greenshield jcb sale uk date insp file fax price district sale manag jcb bohnenkamp jcb gmbh date insp file intern memorandum shaw jcb sale uk part paul jcb gmbh date insp file pp quot part amp attach report march quot date april note allen jcb shaw report date april insp file pp letter barton gunn jcb ingram jcb sale uk date insp file shown document quot austrian friend quot refer employe terra jcb offici distributor austria commun date march gunn jcb jcb issu attribut deal lost gunn jcb unsubstanti claim terra insp file letter ingram jcb sale director barton gunn jcb date insp file letter sullivan eci jcb davi watl jcb date januari insp file fax coutt rausch date januari attach insp file pp fax lomasnei eci jcb bradlei jcb date januari insp file pp fax nicholson eci jcb coutt jcb sale date march insp file pp fax rausch jcb franc boi date french text read quot nou avon pu négocier pour ce client un commiss aprè vent de ff nou te réserveron dè tu nou aura confirmé ton accord sur ce qui précède quot insp file fax greenshield jcb sale davi watl jcb date februari insp file doc quot machin pirat quot acg date decemb insp file letter davi watl jcb rausch jcb franc date march insp file fax rausch jcb franc greenshield jcb sale uk date insp file insp file letter davi watl jcb rausch jcb franc date march insp file note ingram export sale director mr greenshield date march insp file note rausch jcb sa forget date june insp file fax ingram jcb fiorentini jcb spa date februari insp file letter sutton tc harrison jcb eci jcb date februari insp file pp letter stone mr gibb horwood amp compani solicitor date march insp file pp fax price district sale manag jcb uk sale bonnenkamp jcb gmbh date insp file respons fax date insp file fax smith jcb maquinaria coutt jcb uk date juli insp file rso rso ii appendix minut dealer princip meet held motorcycl museum birmingham tuesdai insp file pp letter bell manag director jcb landpow shield secretari dealer associ date june insp file pp minut dealer princip meet held motorcycl museum birmingham thursdai juli insp file pp letter shield davi watl jcb date januari insp file letter shield secretari jcb dealer associ davi watl jcb date januari insp file pp letter allen jcb part director shield holt jcb date juli insp file pp letter weil souffelmat caujol jcb date octob quot nou vou prion de trouver en annex copi de notr command malnati pour prix exceptionnel de fr selon votr accord vu le condit ci dessou mentionné dan ce dossier cett affair fait suit un command passé par le client chez central park cx neuf au prix de fr ht avec fourch montant du crédit bail quot insp file fax rausch jcb franc mr montenai date juli text read quot suit votr courrier concern affair zanetti nou somm surpri vou ayez pu donner prix de ff pour jcb cx drott alor est peu prè le prix concessionnair je vou rappel sur ce type de machin nou avon pa de concurr il est pa question de vendr ce machin ff de ce machin sont vendu de loueur de grand import zanetti ff pour équipement similair pourrez vou donner de explic sur la façon dont vou avez calculé votr prix quot insp file fax rausch jcb franc greenshield jcb uk date june insp file pp intern memo coutt eckert al date insp file letter coutt jcb davi watl jcb date decemb insp file pp fax rausch jcb franc boi date insp file recent articl exclus distribut mr rausch manag director jcb sa expert pari court appeal chairman legal committe fédération de entrepris industriel commercial international de la mécaniqu de electroniqu quot la tribun quot date novemb main file draft letter coutt sale develop director jcb donal sullivan eci jcb insp file pp respons letter donal sullivan greenshield jcb date februari insp file oj recit refer recit refer footnot document refer provid illustr fact assess necessarili exhaust document quot decis refer similar practic recit word quot wholesal resal quot design sale resal practic irrespect quantiti sold oppos sale recit recit recit recit recit recit recit recit recit recit recit recit recit recit recit recit recit recit recit recit recit instanc recit recit unit kingdom member state eec franc recit recit recit recit recit recit recit recit recit recit recit recit recit recit recit recit recit recit recit recit recit recit recit recit show indic restrict intra network sale unit kingdom franc germani recit recit judgment court justic join case van landewyck commiss octob ecr point recit recit recit recit unit kingdom member state relev provis latest agreement notifi made commiss member state judgment court join case vbvb vbbb commiss januari ecr summari recit recit recit recit commiss regul regul implement council regul oj recit recit recit recit version june recit recit recit recit recit recit recit recit recit