commiss decis juli declar concentr compat common market function eea agreement case comp carniv corpor amp princess notifi document number english text authent text eea relev ec commiss european commun regard treati establish european commun regard agreement european econom area articl thereof regard council regul eec decemb control concentr undertak amend regul ec articl thereof regard commiss decis april initi proceed case undertak concern opportun make view object rais commiss regard opinion advisori committe concentr regard final report hear offic case introduct februari commiss receiv notif pursuant articl council regul eec merger regul propos concentr unit state base undertak carniv corpor carniv intend acquir control mean articl merger regul british undertak amp princess plc popc public bid announc decemb examin notif commiss conclud notifi oper fell scope merger regul amend rais doubt compat common market function eea agreement april commiss decid accord articl merger regul articl eea agreement initi proceed case investig case commiss conclus propos concentr creat strengthen domin posit result effect competit common market function eea agreement significantli imped ii parti carniv compani activ worldwid maritim cruis oper offer broad rang cruis brand carniv cruis line ccl holland america line hal costa cruis costa cunard line cunard seabourn cruis line seabourn windstar cruis windstar carniv oper ship geograph area world popc compani activ worldwid maritim cruis oper ship market brand princess cruis princess amp cruis swan hellen aida cruis aida arkona rosa popc activ river cruis carniv popc collect refer hereinaft quot parti quot iii oper concentr decemb carniv announc unilater precondit public offer acquir share popc carniv intend acquir popc notifi oper constitut concentr mean articl merger regul iv commun dimens undertak concern combin aggreg worldwid turnov eur billion carniv eur billion popc eur billion aggreg commun wide turnov excess eur million carniv eur million popc eur million popc achiev third aggreg commun wide turnov unit kingdom case carniv notifi oper commun dimens mean articl merger regul procedur march commiss receiv request unit kingdom pursuant articl merger regul refer case market suppli cruis holidai unit kingdom compet unit kingdom competit author unit kingdom consid concentr threaten creat domin posit market result referr request period preliminari examin articl merger regul extend month week april commiss decid initi proceed pursuant articl merger regul find oper rais doubt compat common market nation market provis ocean cruis unit kingdom germani commiss commun statement pursuant articl merger regul hereinaft statement object carniv carniv submit june repli statement object hereinaft carniv repli june popc submit repli statement object hereinaft popc repli carniv popc inform commiss hear offic prior june exercis formal oral hear advisori committe discuss preliminari draft decis juli vi compat common market introduct oper relat provis ocean cruis vacat purpos section describ histor develop industri fundament characterist industri background present dai cruis industri root convers transatlant liner mean transport leisur cruis start cruis industri grew rapidli larger cruis compani construct quot megaship quot smaller compani acquir hand ship mid larg cruis compani construct quot post panamax quot ship thousand tonn call larg pass panama canal cruis industri compris ship worldwid number expect grow ship ti region itinerari move globe acquir charter intern basi largest cruis oper worldwid carniv royal caribbean cruis line rccl popc star group includ norwegian cruis line limit ncl term fleet size carniv ship number royal caribbean ship number ncl asian star group popc ship carniv ship order end popc ship order end rccl ship schedul deliveri end youngest fleet cruis line averag ag year world largest ship voyag explor adventur berth ncl star ship order approxim million cruis passeng north america world demand million europ asia unit state cruis achiev higher penetr rate europ unit state continent western europ year cruis industri higher growth rate type vacat growth forecast continu rapidli europ unit state gener expect unit kingdom signific part growth account entri cruis vertic integr tour oper begin airtour quickli thomson recent choic compani carri unit kingdom cruis passeng background parti carniv found start unit state america current brand ccl costa hal cunard seabourn windstar offer upmarket luxuri cruis ccl offer american style cruis carniv acquir joint control costa airtour june carniv acquir full control costa costa activ europ mediterranean market share passeng number itali spain franc costa repres carniv main presenc german market hal offer american style cruis acquir carniv late ccl costa hal small share unit kingdom market carniv main entri unit kingdom market acquisit cunard parti current transact popc demerg amp steam navig compani octob long histori passeng cruis back centuri popc oper amp cruis princess swan hellen aida rosa brand launch brand unit kingdom quot ocean villag quot target younger quot inform quot custom segment set start oper amp cruis offer british style cruis lead brand unit kingdom market princess activ north american market popc enter german cruis market acquisit aida seetour carniv bid popc compet rival bid royal caribbean royal caribbean bid examin bundeskartellamt clear case januari oft offic fair trade recommend referr unit kingdom competit commiss unit kingdom competit commiss report publish june conclus bring rccl popc signific impact competit deal subject ongo anti trust scrutini unit state ftc feder trade commiss compet author relev market number characterist natur product offer parti oper countri clariti exposit evid led commiss relev geograph market nation outlin discuss relev product market relev geograph market carniv submit aspect characteris relev geograph market cruis nation intern argument indic quot intern quot market carniv mention ship ti region itinerari move easili globe ocean cruis market worldwid compris intern mix custom languag cruis oper seek encourag intern atmospher cruis internet make quot shop quot countri holidai purchas holidai cruis line carniv refer euro make easier custom compar price highlight ship acquir charter world intern basi aspect point nation geograph market carniv refer diverg nation holidai tradit tast prefer regard time dine drink habit languag nation target market differ averag price substanti variat market presenc tour cruis oper decis iv costa crocier chargeur accor commiss conclud quot market cruis packag holidai predominantli nation charact quot result market investig undertaken commiss relev geograph market ocean cruis nation result exist factor market presenc cruis oper vari consider member state carniv passeng market share itali unit kingdom popc itali unit kingdom penetr cruis holidai member state british citizen cruis rate germani itali franc spain distribut channel member state specialis cruis agenc gener travel agent oper predominantli nation level small amount sale made internet internet site sell cruis oper nation level unit kingdom strong presenc specialis cruis agenc addit gener travel agenc market promot run nation level subsidiari independ gener sale agent function account nation specif market promot content present promot adapt member state price strategi price level member state commiss found evid cruis sold cruis oper price vari depend countri market cruis brand market member state cunard amp cruis focus british market aida rosa focus german market reason set recit appli equal product market includ holidai ocean cruis conclus relev geograph market nation remain relev product market consid provis leisur travel propos carniv recit relev product market parti involv provis ocean cruis ocean cruis involv journei multi night sequenc board ship undertaken leisur purpos maritim water parti view product market carniv consid product market market provis leisur travel includ wide varieti altern vacat option argu cruis holidai substitut type vacat stai holidai club inclus hotel resort packag holidai ski holidai tour exot locat target compani popc take similar ident view see ocean cruis part wider market maintain ocean cruis compet type holidai commiss investig point number element distinguish ocean cruis form holidai europ ocean cruis land base holidai characterist cruis consum percept custom ocean cruis bui product distinct holidai product combin experi sea experi travel place multi night sequenc necess continu pack specif board experi convivi land base group experi reflect catalogu reason consum cruis uniqu cruis set type holidai includ packag holidai altern commiss market investig complement inform industri sourc reason consum book cruis ask consum reason book cruis travel agent mention top reason specif cruis attract itinerari sequenc destin inclus servic offer board ship fact cruis requir pack unpack place constitut conveni holidaymak form holidai combin main attract number reason cite cruis specif price monei qualiti satisfact popc claim coach tour multi centr land base holidai similar characterist popc point consum research import reason take cruis mention price itinerari special occas time year price argument gener travel context consider quot time year quot cruis provid year round servic fact distinguish season limit holidai product quot special occas quot common characterist number higher price holidai distinguish featur cruis form vacat final itinerari cruis regard uniqu cruis replic itinerari cruis experi land base mean transport carniv posit potenti distinct cruis holidai holidai product unit kingdom base studi prepar irn research mintel mintel commiss carniv extent cruis compet land base holidai specialist cruis oper carniv compet cruis offer tour oper recit mintel provid data varieti sourc show cruis integr holidai packag includ land base compon fall averag ag cruiser adapt cruis ship younger custom fall cruis price real term cruiser holidai cruis commiss argument indic exist singl market cruis compon land base compon holidai relationship aspect complementari substitut case evid interpret opposit averag ag cruis custom fall slowli point exist market cruis land base holidai custom profil regard ag continu differ consider tabl data provid mintel show price dai fall increas total cruis price bracket gbp compar price bracket gbp gbp explain increas short break cruis mintel refer price categori show chang tabl show cruis price tend substanti price main type holidai final mintel acknowledg holidai habit cruis custom differ substanti averag popul cruiser holidai year holidai cruis holidai import ocean cruis land base holidai market wai peopl spend leisur time dispos incom complementari commiss regard evid persuas term market definit irn research conclud consider interchang land base holidai cruis holidai consid part market irn reach conclus analys inform holidaymak percept prefer gener industri trend irn note adult holidai cruis consid land base holidai result present establish consider involv activ comparison price itinerari led choic cruis respond decid cruis inform cruis opinion preussag owner tui thomson hapag lloyd notabl ampl knowledg gener holidai market thomson cruis hapag lloyd cruis unit kingdom germani preussag state distinguish featur cruis sector strong emphasi group charact cruis made social factor import social group social peer point import element convivi element mention recit object characterist cruis refer preussag plai import role custom cruis prefer specif form holidai comfort mobil pack unpack roundtrip sea commiss consid consum distinct prefer ocean cruis reflect inform seek contact travel agent contact travel agenc custom request varieti inform type holidai request cruis brochur foreign packag holidai brochur decid type holidai explor issu commiss ask travel agent inform custom eventu book cruis origin ask result custom final bought cruis request foreign packag holidai brochur hand custom bought cruis request cruis brochur decis cruis larg visit travel agent result refer recit support inform provid rccl rccl commiss survei peopl cruis year consid type holidai time decid cruis survei found peopl cruis consid take altern type holidai proport consist take premium cruis choos cruis provid tour oper research respond consid altern rel price cruis altern find line work carri unit state nationwid track survei gather inform peopl cruis preced month survei found cruis custom decid cruis contact travel agent limit competit substitut cruis form holidai point custom make contact travel agent custom group social mix import defin featur cruis demograph custom import consider determin structur demand ocean cruis demograph spread cruis custom differ consider extent custom group whilst demograph cruis industri chang typic cruis custom advanc ag affluent custom land base foreign packag holidai report found quot averag inclus consum socio demograph group full time employ appear rough split sex marri unmarri custom quot contrast averag ag british cruis passeng year fact british cruis passeng year year ag survei conduct unit kingdom holidai home confirm main demograph distinct holidai taker cruis abroad holidai inclus holidai inform summaris tabl show typic cruiser compar averag abroad holidai taker averag custom foreign inclus holidai long haul vacation term ag older famili fewer children social class higher employ retir incom higher tabl demograph holidai type gt tabl gt sourc nop popc submit studi prepar popc commiss studi examin actual potenti demand cruis unit kingdom popc commiss studi firstli analys broad demograph cruiser cruis cruis find support characterist recit find cruiser travel children price parti argu price cruis holidai similar price land base holidai product tabl compar averag diem spend unit kingdom custom inclus holidai independ holidai long haul holidai ocean cruis data reveal averag diem expenditur cruis high averag diem expenditur inclus holidai abroad foreign packag holidai long haul holidai independ holidai abroad tabl averag diem price cruis holidai gt tabl gt sourc nop consum tabl show term total spend long haul holidai close ocean cruis long haul holidai consider longer averag durat carniv present evid seek prove equival land base holidai price cruis price inform present isol exampl cruis cruis holidai carniv consid substitut show similar price carniv popc present report quot turn tide quot cruis inform servic behalf passeng ship associ unit kingdom trade organis cruis compani report seek show price equival cruis holidai cruis present premium cruis cruis river cruis economi cruis thomson royal olymp luxuri cruis recit worth note premium cruis present untyp present cruis half durat ship averag cruis durat carniv highlight number premium holidai potenti close substitut ocean cruis evid provid oper land base inclus holidai support argument holidai belong relev market ocean cruis carniv mention inclus oper provid holidai close substitut ocean cruis oper see explicitli luxuri inclus resort oper consid ocean cruis quot small extent quot consid custom substitut opinion compani market inclus resort holidai oper consid custom quot neglig extent quot switch ocean cruis price reason indic cross price elast land base inclus resort ocean cruis low brand market distribut whilst land base tour oper start cruis oper unit kingdom economi segment recit larg major cruis compani provid cruis unit kingdom specialis focu provis form land base holidai part brand cruis sold unit kingdom cruis specif brand extens brand cruis predomin featur industri appli germani brand cruis sold cruis specif good exampl cruis specif brand germani popc aida rosa brand unit kingdom brand extens upmarket brand quot disnei quot quot club med quot quot radisson quot radisson sea cruis brand saga page amp moi account cruis unit kingdom common market ocean cruis holidai product advertis brochur sold travel agent ocean cruis advertis specialis brochur unit kingdom larg number independ travel agenc substanti proport ocean cruis sold custom book pattern indic book pattern contrari claim parti compar tabl present data nop survei summaris inform book pattern group holidaymak import differ respect mode channel book person telephon book agent travel agent tour oper cruis compani tabl book mode gt tabl gt sourc nop consum pp tabl book channel gt tabl gt sourc nop consum pp view travel agent competitor commiss market investig larg major travel agent regard ocean cruis belong product market distinct form vacat travel agent deni possibl specif categori ocean cruis premium segment form common product market type vacat parti competitor express rang view compani vertic integr unit kingdom tour oper offer cruis ocean cruis part wider market parti closest cruis competitor worldwid europ view ocean cruis constitut separ product market competitor commiss price strateg tactic take account price cruis compani holidai option consum empir evid impact capac yield consult report submit commiss explor relationship yield cruis capac addit parti result conclus product market definit prepar nera econom consult behalf popc show popc yield cruis analys context capac offer unit kingdom popc cruis oper signific economi cruis capac offer tour oper compani main conclus put forward nera popc yield remain broadli constant time whilst capac increas significantli find cruis caribbean atlant island mediterranean nera drew corollari larg increas cruis holidai achiev larg expens type holidai absenc quot larg yield reduct face larg capac increas hard reconcil proposit cruis holidai compris separ product market quot nera conclud yield unaffect capac come stream cruis consid part wider holidai market conclus explan infer find popc yield unaffect signific cruis capac consist relev market holidai impact capac addit small consist view premium cruis half belong separ market economi cruis explain capac addit economi market affect yield premium market explan attent drawn nera qualifi conclus recognit studi inform demand shift nera conclud quot suffici data demand shift permit definit conclus market definit quot limit suitabl find draw definit conclus market definit carniv present paper prepar margaret guerin calvert janusz ordov ordov paper draw similar conclus drawn nera albeit inform relat unit state market ordov paper analys data ship oper caribbean hypothesi cruis separ relev market substanti increas industri capac absorb expens significantli depress profit ordov paper examin profit capac carniv ship sail caribbean period conclus reach ordov paper signific expans capac caribbean modest effect profit price author conclud quot difficult volum capac absorb caribbean cruis market depress profit substanti quot result quot consist broader relev market quot nera studi ordov paper criticis examin suppli side conclus reach undermin fact introduct capac accompani action cruis oper shift demand cruis inform provid carniv give market expenditur unit state show carniv increas market expenditur consider period analysi carniv market expenditur higher carniv increas market expenditur market cost account analysi yield find yield unchang robust clear carniv invest consider amount monei shift demand inform shift demand inform effect suppli yield draw conclus scope relev product market commiss conclus reach nera guerin calvert ordov provid reliabl evid cruis form part wider relev product market nera studi relev term premium economi cruis distinct recit conclus light commiss conclud relev nation product market market suppli ocean cruis conclus appli premium ocean cruis consid relat competit impact exert premium land base holidai ocean cruis consid relat competit impact exert wider group land base holidai premium cruis tour oper economi cruis unit kingdom number specif featur cruis market unit kingdom emerg special type cruis offer unit kingdom tour oper made examin premium cruis consid belong separ relev market economi cruis commiss issu statement object preliminari view separ relev market premium cruis unit kingdom analysi present result commiss consider place light respons receiv statement object product characterist consum percept distinguish segment ocean cruis market unit kingdom luxuri premium economi luxuri cruis recit premium economi cruis share product characterist number differ characterist typifi product offer market segment differ hardwar ship premium cruis ship tend newer facil quot softwar quot includ qualiti servic premium cruis tend offer higher staff custom ratio tend provid formal eleg environ differ manner economi offer brand market distribut reflect price differ observ premium economi cruis clear factor refer recit rang qualiti premium economi segment premium segment cruis brand cunard offer formal product rci provid market basi relax servic emphasi formal ritual tradition premium qualiti cruis quot captain dinner quot similarli term hardwar premium cruis oper seek modern ship saga ship older economi oper factor reflect evid present commiss show percept consum cruis line popc submit result survei imag cruis line european commiss ask consum opinion set question view cruis oper commiss analysi inform show consum percept premium oper amp cruis princess cunard rci similar likewis percept thomson airtour similar differ percept premium oper compar economi oper consult work carri irn research behalf carniv support distinct irn highlight close relationship reason peopl book cruis cruis line reason peopl book cruis tour oper note result base sampl limit statist reliabl slightli angl popc submit survei carri august custom survei seek demonstr passeng cruis great varieti altern cruis oper includ tour oper refer custom survei popc observ refer popc submiss survei respond look amp cruis brochur websit look airtour brochur websit addit popc state belief thomson start cruis oper passeng previous popc cruis popc view find unit kingdom tour oper cruis toc compet directli popc popc provid evid show routin monitor cruis oper brochur includ airtour thomson survei qualiti competitor oper send employe holidai oper includ unit kingdom tour oper conduct benchmark studi popc claim proof consid action oper constrain competit behaviour basi defin relev product market cruis oper evid product characterist consum percept mix evid highlight differ premium economi product evid suggest boundari segment clear cut price premium cruis economi cruis clear distinct premium economi cruis reflect differ price continuum price indic clear qualiti price distinct premium economi cruis belong relev product market commiss sought establish clear differ term averag price continuum price top end economi offer lower end premium offer popc submit studi rbb econom argu exist price continuum toc cruis offer unit kingdom custom rbb econom methodolog base compar averag price cabin type suit premier insid weight number cabin price point number toc premium cruis offer unit kingdom market consid rang cruis high end premium lower end economi cruis studi show tabl chart cruis price price tour oper cruis premium cruis overlap closer analysi studi reveal compar price cruis durat ii substanti itinerari iii distanc port departur fly cruis unit kingdom cruis iv inclus concept cover tip drink brochur edit make edit brochur discount product consum moment examin brochur discount price edit product brochur evid continuum meaning reflect choic consum make fact dai cruis smaller diem price close altern consum increas price dai cruis result consum switch dai cruis cost consider likewis mix brochur edit price observ made inappropri reflect choic consum make point time reason commiss look quot edit quot price found cruis length easili adjust dai format actual cruis length differ dai popc provid diem price basi weight basi brochur price brochur discount price commiss segment sampl popc departur date april june august ii cruis durat dai dai iii brochur edit iv brochur discount price undiscount brochur price sampl includ individu cruis unit kingdom tour oper premium brand commiss measur price differ expens tour oper cruis cheapest premium cruis percentag differ tour oper cruis price result comparison result price observ highest tour oper cruis price cheaper cheapest premium price case case price case differ tabl percentag differ brochur edit tabl percentag differ expens unit kingdom tour oper cheapest unit kingdom premium gt tabl gt sourc commiss basi data provid rbb tabl show signific price differ tour oper cruis premium cruis cabin type cruis durat approxim departur brochur edit compar compar edit clear tabl price cheapest premium cruis significantli greater expens economi offer compar discount price exampl economi cruis expens premium cruis basi evid clear break price economi premium cruis consum choic limit choic type cabin ship context parti claim cheaper insid cabin premium cruis equival cabin economi cruis overlap price averag price similar cabin categori differ accept cabin type substitut number overlap increas achiev comparison departur date cruis durat multipli price discount discount multipli brochur edit show overlap premium insid economi cabin overlap disappear adjust made fact economi cruis tip premium cruis compar cruis refer tabl overlap insid premium economi cabin gbp dai ad premium cruis adjust tip polici telephon survei carri behalf royal caribbean march substanti price differ premium product tour oper economi product found survei ask price standard cabin dai mediterranean cruis includ flight port tax secur charg departur date june juli august adjust inclus tip drink arriv price differ unit kingdom tour oper cruis premium cruis higher differ found compar price toc cruis premium cruis dai cruis caribbean januari commiss note statement object relev inform assess oper limit fact amp cruis fred olsen includ sampl appar offer compar itinerari rccl prepar survei updat extend price evid present survei carri inquir price caribbean cruis dai durat price obtain cruis line reserv system survei includ premium economi cruis depart januari februari cover standard cabin standard insid cabin balconi equival delux cabin rccl adjust data account tip includ price result show price charg premium oper averag higher durat comparison cheaper insid cabin premium ship economi cabin show premium insid cabin averag expens economi cabin note price differ tour oper premium brand tend larger caribbean consider averag valu group ship conceal overlap economi premium price price ship ship basi note closest offer sampl cheapest premium expens economi basi data provid rccl continuum price exclud commiss examin import unit kingdom high street travel agent sale figur show differenti toc premium cruis unit kingdom put percentag brand sale volum measur passeng relat brand sale total price custom paid cruis flight travel agent import distinct premium cruis toc toc volum ratio half premium cruis brand averag ratio consecut year price toc significantli cheaper averag price premium cruis evid permit conclus drawn exist continuum toc premium cruis commiss verifi result data import high street retail individu year found individu toc premium cruis brand averag case premium cruis costa festiv rci ccl altogeth insignific sale quot fill gap quot show valu toc premium averag valu brand averag valu cabin type time year exist sort price continuum toc premium cruis exclud basi data conclus premium versu economi segment number factor consid relat premium economi segment hardwar recit brand recit distribut cruis specialist tend sell premium luxuri cruis show number dimens cruis oper seek distinguish product competitor exist varieti offer custom group distinct segment ocean cruis market clear divid line premium economi offer factor mention recit commiss consid evid point singl market ocean cruis clear distinct qualiti economi premium cruis exert competit impact reflect obviou discontinu price discontinu establish suffici certainti note premium cruis oper rccl jointli choic popc recent shortli launch brand island ocean villag blur boundari premium economi segment born fact economi oper introduc newer modern ship recit light evid present recit commiss consid relev product market purpos decis suppli ocean cruis unit kingdom premium economi cruis germani spain itali franc clear distinct germani price qualiti segment premium economi broad spectrum gener boundari german speak economi product premium product accentu unit kingdom whilst mediterranean compani activ germani economi end differ economi product premium offer fact offer compani festiv case fulli distinguish brand milit separ premium economi market germani spain pullmantur cruis product iberojet joint ventur festiv trasmediterránea call spanish cruis line enter market offer low price cruis product economi approach common british toc notabl spanish product typic offer holidai packag provid round trip itinerari spanish port western mediterranean spanish custom combin charter flight quot stai cruis quot packag itali product offer integr tour oper valtur offer caribbean quot club quot cruis older ship constitut parallel unit kingdom toc valtur market share small stop cruis oper inclus market cruis influenc assess materi investig pend market exit proof unit kingdom toc equival continent europ economi product offer mediterranean ship cruis msc festiv appli state germani recit franc tour oper nouvel frontièr marsan transtour enter market full ship part year charter upmarket sail cruis offer club med star clipper luxuri end compagni de il du ponant provid french speak cruis small ship compar small french offer largest part market characteris cruis suppli mediterranean compani brand festiv carniv brand costa msc royal olymp reason state recit distinct offer term product market definit premium economi product franc conclus light commiss conclud relev product market germani spain franc itali suppli ocean cruis issu relat product market definit luxuri cruis constitut separ relev product market left open purpos decis left open luxuri cruis consid belong separ relev market repres small market volum inclus exclus affect conclus reach assumpt separ luxuri market oper creat competit concern overlap parti activ luxuri segment market account cruis capac unit kingdom spain itali germani carniv activ luxuri segment market seabourn windstar brand arguabl small number luxuri cabin cunard queen elizabeth ii popc activ provid luxuri cruis due small size luxuri segment includ wider ocean cruis market substanti affect assess decis purpos decis data luxuri cruis includ data ocean cruis river cruis coastal ferri cruis belong product market ocean cruis popc germani river cruis overlap parti area reason outlin recit exclud consider commiss market investig confirm river cruis ocean cruis separ market view express unanim competitor travel agent tour oper type cruis differ term type voyag itinerari destin term durat price averag river cruis shorter cost significantli averag ocean cruis due differ consum river cruis ocean cruis substitut purpos decis river cruis regard belong product market ocean cruis overlap parti activ river cruis popc activ provis river cruis german subsidiari seetour rosa market consid distinct made coastal cruis ocean cruis evid distinct main itinerari coastal cruis set coastal water import effect natur product coastal cruis sceneri shorelin main attract cruis tend move daytim anchor night revers true typic ocean cruis cruis tend term entertain programm offer typic destin type cruis british isl galapago island norwegian coastlin special kind coastal cruis coastal ferri cruis provid norwegian coastal voyag hurtigruten product distinguish factor prevail peak time reced transport function local popul accentu product quot hop hop quot charact chang board experi provid cruis newest set ship norwegian coastal voyag account increas tourist import product main distinguish featur coastal ferri cruis remain valid newer product coastal ferri cruis ship offer entertain facil compar offer ocean cruis port stop function util shore excurs provid product offer ship substanti ocean cruis equal cruis norwegian coastlin purpos decis coastal ferri cruis regard belong product market ocean cruis approach confirm view express larg major respond commiss investig conform norwegian coastal voyag hurtigruten product due limit impact coastal cruis number vessel dedic cruis small decid coastal cruis gener belong product market decid ocean nich cruis commiss invit market particip express view nich cruis sail cruis explor cruis major respond belong separ market view express clear cut express river cruis coastal ferri cruis decid cruis belong market purpos decis ocean nich cruis refer recit regard part wider ocean cruis market conclus product market definit commiss consid exist separ relev nation market suppli ocean cruis distinct market suppli coastal ferri riverin cruis separ wider market suppli land base holidai consid distinguish separ relev market suppli premium ocean cruis unit kingdom competit assess eea passeng market share estim carniv eea combin ocean cruis market share parti measur number passeng estim amount carniv popc tabl market share oper give rise affect market list tabl eea cruis passeng market share gt tabl gt sourc carniv estim tabl show main overlap combin market share aris unit kingdom germani parti strong spain itali limit overlap concern merger rais commiss investig relat market ocean cruis austria ireland concern merger rais relat ocean cruis market belgium netherland confirm commiss investig carniv parti combin market share austria ireland belgium netherland increment merger countri cruis market immatur cruis achiev lower rate penetr unit kingdom number cruis sold countri grown significantli recent year germani unit kingdom forecast industri observ continu cruis sold countri mix peopl countri compani sell unit state style cruis pan european style cruis european nation style cruis neighbour countri readili adjust nation mix board ship increas number cruis sold austria belgium ireland netherland recit commiss oper signific neg impact competit austria belgium ireland netherland unit kingdom aspect product segment relev brand posit mainstream ocean cruis market import brand luxuri premium cruis larg number criteria defin cruis product individu paramet includ size ship ag ship size equip cabin size decor public space indoor outdoor facil offer qualiti style food qualiti style board entertain qualiti style cuisin qualiti style servic board languag languag distanc port departur length cruis itinerari relev categori synthesis individu criteria make product distinguish consum brand brand consist singl ship ship bound common brand imag express common product standard servic entertain term ship hardwar multi ship oper achiev reason balanc varieti uniform individu brand older ship fit brand imag multi ship premium luxuri brand typic small number larg ident quot sister ship quot fleet limit brand divers order build cheaper build cruis oper decid posit brand brand manag increas level brand recognit relev custom group number relev dimens brand posit outlin recit criteria relev determin brand posit posit brand close competit relationship languag cultur code refer nation pan european unit state style cruis board languag quot cultur quot criteria food daytim even entertain plai import role cruis product percept custom major european cruis countri unit kingdom germani franc itali spain distinct percept felt quot nation style quot cruis nation style cruis determin foremost domin board languag includ distinguish factor prefer cuisin eat time drink daytim entertain even entertain decor ship major european cruis countri product offer exclus predominantli gear specif nation tast countri signific percentag custom prefer nation style cruis whilst number custom countri investig specif prefer minor percentag custom countri prefer quot intern style quot cruis basic distinct type quot intern quot cruis market unit state style cruis mediterranean pan european style cruis british cruis unit state style cruis characteris english board languag unmistak distinguish british style cruis cruis style entertain decor la vega style gear american tast make unit state style product distinct common languag lower cultur threshold unit kingdom passeng passeng nation expect find dai programm menu nation languag depend number member recept crew speak european passeng languag assign contact person mediterranean pan european style cruis tast nation typic board announc languag shore excurs split languag group vari european cuisin sit dine accommod nation habit languag base entertain accept nation board date mediterranean pan european cruis success penetr number european market unit state style product penetr unit kingdom attempt strongli penetr countri market made lifestyl qualiti criteria star rate larg major travel agent tour oper respond commiss questionnair confirm oper qualiti lifestyl criteria quot luxuri quot quot premium quot quot economi quot advis custom commiss market investig reveal high accept system star rate appli annual quot berlitz complet guid cruis cruis ship quot previou decis hospit sector consum good sector commiss distinct relev assess brand posit close competit product classic cruis contemporari fun cruis target life stage incom group distinct relev premium segment cruis contemporari quot fun quot cruis quot classic quot cruis fun cruis stress board activ board ic skate rock climb caribbean inform classic cruis stress quieter relax formal stylish captain dinner approach cruis european nation style unit state style product follow model unit state style product avant gard term fun cruis whilst classic cruis limit upper premium segment unit state classic european cruis found lower premium segment unit kingdom germani pan european cruis premium segment tend steer middl combin famili friendli moder restrain approach formal dinner inform formal dinner economi segment cruis tend limit respect amen fun cruis attribut tradit cruis formal even captain recept averag ag cruis custom vari countri countri brand brand specif ag group life stage group belong brand target group averag ag adult custom percentag children teenag board indic brand posit brand attempt appeal rang custom rang typic overlap rang custom brand appeal appli incom group market structur unit kingdom countri largest number cruis custom europ unit state custom unit kingdom custom constitut largest nation group cruis passeng worldwid europ cruis show fast growth rate cruis custom penetr rate attain unit state unit kingdom countri cruis industri experienc higher growth rate vacat period time number unit kingdom custom book packag holidai grew spent oversea holidai growth unit kingdom cruis passeng period preliminari remark measur market share carniv claim market share measur passeng number commiss passeng figur conveni mean measur market share account vari length cruis market share measur term passeng number overst market share compani shorter cruis market share decis measur passeng cruis dai pcd passeng market share indic market share commiss obtain inform market particip enabl reliabl calcul market share unit kingdom market share tabl unit kingdom ocean cruis market share pcd gt tabl gt sourc commiss market investig propos oper combin largest player premium competitor carniv premium competitor rccl similar size carniv unit kingdom entiti unit kingdom market pcd popc strongest brand unit kingdom amp cruis carniv share unit kingdom spread number brand carniv lead unit kingdom brand cunard account commiss unabl estim reliabl parti combin market share measur higher pcd share parti oper premium segment ocean cruis market higher averag cruis price dai commiss assess fleet composit intent ship deploy passeng mix year affect pcd market share commiss assess account announc capac parti competitor ask market particip unannounc capac time horizon deliveri ship establish high degre certainti result investig cunard market share increas popc increas capac averag market share combin entiti rise slightli year retir addit tonnag plan due uncertainti inher forecast commiss base decis unit kingdom brand posit prefer languag cultur code british intern section unit kingdom custom prefer cruis reflect nation tast prefer nation languag predomin board languag commiss market investig found contrast percentag british popul prefer cruis felt intern basic intern offer unit state style cruis mediterranean pan european style cruis percentag cruis custom clear prefer main group averag estim travel agent commiss investig british style prefer intern style prefer prefer popc commiss studi arriv figur depend group consid studi examin prefer quot british quot arriv result quot potenti cruiser quot prefer british style cruis prepar pai price premium older potenti cruiser attract british style cruis multipl cruiser amp previou cruiser prefer british style ship group british style premium brand includ cunard fred olsen page amp moi saga swan hellen previou cruiser potenti cruiser prefer prefer unit state cruis prefer unit state style ship vari strongli cunard group quot british style cruiser quot unit state style previou cruiser result british style cruis prefer section potenti past unit kingdom custom larger group prefer group prefer unit state style cruis cunard note perceiv british brand larg number custom unit state custom brand focus quot transatlant liner quot product provid cunard ship queen elizabeth ii provid cunard ship queen mari altern survei conduct behalf rccl research ask past cruis custom view closest altern brand chosen result survei summaris tabl point emphasis survei exclud pan european mediterranean product repres ocean cruis sold unit kingdom significantli question ask inform custom altern inform perceiv altern result provid narrow view custom percept competit relationship cruis oper amp cruis custom consid fred olsen altern consid oper thomson altern quot secondari quot relationship captur inform present tabl tabl indic custom altern fulli reflect altern custom consid select cruis tabl unit kingdom custom altern gt tabl gt sourc conquest report telephon interview conduct unit kingdom cruis passeng largest percentag cunard amp cruis custom view closest altern amp cruis cunard custom wide rang competitor brand closest competitor amp cruis custom british style fred olsen closest altern respond cunard custom fred olsen custom consid amp cruis cunard closest altern amp cruis cunard custom unit state style product closest altern amp cruis custom competitor rci ncl celebr brand own parti competitor closest altern princess carniv ccl includ figur rise rci singl unit state style brand frequent mention closest altern cunard amp cruis custom custom unit state style brand amp cruis unit state style brand closest altern find support popc commiss studi recit show signific proport potenti cruiser unit kingdom prefer british style unit state style cruis parti posit cultur style segment unit kingdom market popc present unit state style segment princess share unit kingdom merger add hal perceiv close competitor princess commiss market investig ccl slightli enhanc presenc unit state style cruis small unchang mediterranean pan european style cruis consequ propos concentr entiti stronger posit british style cruis shown popc commiss studi recit custom british style cruis type cruis viabl altern parti posit regard qualiti segment unit kingdom parti offer wide rang servic luxuri brand seabourn windstar upper premium brand cunard hal princess amp cruis swan hellen lower premium brand ccl costa recent project popc launch economi brand ocean villag premium segment parti activ overlap segment parti confront number strong competitor conquest report unit kingdom custom ask percept price qualiti cruis brand regard qualiti amp cruis close cunard price percept close rci note section conquest report refer brand option consum ncl orient saga celebr limit relev result parti posit regard quot classic quot cruis quot fun quot cruis horizont overlap cunard amp cruis tradit british style cruis main similar parti offer regard cruis board cunard caronia year liner signific differ product offer brand cunard differ amp cruis signific part busi concern atlant cross cunard provid cunard liner queen elizabeth ii transatlant cross provid ship unlik offer cruis oper sold unit state custom unit kingdom custom market share repres caronia unit kingdom market altogeth cunard market share repres unit kingdom market parti posit relat british style cruis increas signific degre doubt precis capac deploi market establish suffici certainti impact capac unit kingdom unit kingdom segment parti offer rang product rang quot fun quot cruis offer ccl quot classic quot product hal princess brand profil situat stress style inform segment parti confront number competitor brand awar term brand recognit unit kingdom custom studi commiss popc show consum awar amp cruis brand valu cruiser cruiser airtour thomson cruis cunard fred olsen rci popc commiss studi show respond cruis largest portion respond mention amp cruis choic cruis brand order royal caribbean cunard thomson airtour celebr show amp cruis consum equal awar premium economi cruis brand evid close competitor cunard intern paper conclus unit kingdom brand posit amp cruis carniv brand cunard competitor british style cruis segment brand activ segment fred olsen neighbour segment rci close competitor consum competit constraint market growth unit kingdom high level growth cruis unit kingdom absolut term comparison growth rate type holidai period averag annual growth rate term number passeng figur passeng ship associ show number cruis holidai unit kingdom passeng doubl period annual growth rate growth rate fell level year remain expect high level growth market independ sourc annual growth estim unit kingdom year note estim publish event septemb growth creat incent entri expans current oper limit impact barrier entri recent histori entri expans unit kingdom unit kingdom ocean cruis market characteris signific entri past year histori entri cruis sector unit kingdom larg histori tour oper entri economi segment unit kingdom market tour oper compani carri unit kingdom cruis passeng addit number player enter premium segment airtour offer cruis holidai berth ship seaw oper brand sun cruis airtour expand fleet addit ship total capac berth summer latest ship sunbird significantli newer facil ship thomson recent acquir german group preussag offer cruis expand offer oper ship summer reduc capac addit ship thomson cruis programm thomson spirit origin enter servic holland america line replac exist older ship toc enter market choic start cruis oper ship charter festiv cruis bolero ad ausonia termin ship charter choic relaunch product joint ventur rccl island cruis island oper island escap year ship oper rccl compani enter premium market unit kingdom player saga unit kingdom saga began sell holidai senior citizen todai broad rang servic peopl ag insur financi servic home shop ga electr telephon servic publish radio broadcast saga enter cruis small ship berth acquir cunard add slightli smaller ship previous oper popc berth appar charter part year octob festiv mediterranean player enter economi cruis segment premium cruis segment partli sell tour oper brochur unit kingdom premium segment share player enter premium segment market disnei cruis line disnei disnei oper ship focus unit state market sold unit kingdom european custom disnei small player unit kingdom market share amp lt canyon ranch plan enter nich high spa cruis likewis market unit state custom fred olsen market share compani lower end premium segment oper ship expand offer year ad ship net growth berth stai amp cruis period ad ship replac older smaller retir net gain berth amp cruis berth fred olsen berth rccl maintain market share ocean cruis market unit kingdom increas number passeng carri rccl increas market share increas number unit kingdom passeng carri rccl achiev market share increas dedic ship unit kingdom market chang nation mix ship increas proport unit kingdom passeng forthcom develop tradit premium player launch brand close target upper end economi segment rccl recent launch island joint ventur choic island start oper similar vein popc launch brand ocean villag brand set target younger quot inform quot custom segment brand oper recent ship transfer parent activ ocean villag oper arcadia date part amp cruis fleet cunard plan number signific fleet plan detail footnot barrier entri expans parti view entri barrier low ship readili refurbish quickli view capit requir bui leas older ship high access distribut easi brand awar barrier brand consum good tourism sector extend cruis unit kingdom market grow enhanc possibl entri expans player brand awar carniv top sell brand unit kingdom cunard ccl costa spent annual revenu market cunard amount gbp cunard market budget spent newspap magazin advertis larg part attribut build brand recognit brand awar commiss evid market expenditur establish brand annual revenu brand expand oper market expenditur higher educ discoveri segment luxuri segment entrant brand equiti sell cruis expenditur brand make difficult player enter market context notabl entrant cruis market compani establish brand rang relat field toc provid holidai enter cruis market saga successfulli extend establish brand brand provid rang servic holidai elderli custom direct market cruis island own choic rccl forthcom launch ocean villag popc show brand launch exist oper cost launch brand prohibit possibl entri expans geograph market brand recognit mediterranean oper festiv royal olymp unit kingdom low upgrad qualiti offer unit kingdom year show entri expans high brand recognit market distribut sale cruis unit kingdom made travel agent sale internet insignific amount sale made telephon market access retail channel travel agent activ promot sale agent indispens success cruis oper multipl travel agent limit rack space hinder access distribut indic depth offer major multipl travel agent agenc stock cruis line product shelv note cruis brand make signific proport sale independ travel agent cruis specialist concern rais relat structur travel agent commiss provid incent favour sale stronger brand commiss evid prevent prevent entri expans market access distribut constitut major barrier entri unit kingdom cruis market cruis supplier quot train trade quot travel agent reluct recommend cruis product custom unfamiliar product offer cost factor exist compani distributor knowledg date joint market activ travel agent mean encourag promot oper product method entrant exist oper aspect market distribut plai role possess custom databas access repeat sale access repeat sale signific custom cruis cruis repeat custom lowest cost custom gain appear repeat custom render higher averag yield contest carniv confirm figur cunard includ seabourn part cunard seabourn repeat passeng account passeng cruis dai sold revenu gener past custom databas target promot activ sell berth accept price cunard past passeng databas encompass household unit kingdom costa past custom databas name british custom addit popc signific past custom databas repeat custom make substanti proport passeng cruis carniv estim cunard unit kingdom repeat custom rate total percentag unit kingdom repeat cruiser custom cruis line cunard ship estim target compani popc cite high repeat rate argu rccl newcom access databas previou cruiser increas cost sell cruis expens market previou custom compani hold inform repli carniv argu conquest report paid rccl purchas name approxim unit kingdom base consum previous cruis recent year inform previou cruiser potenti custom entrant recent entrant toc disnei exist oper relat suppli holidai gather relat inform case saga sale good servic demograph group prime cruis target saga entri facilit fact sold sell cruis compani cruis custom compani advantag similar inform hold popc highlight entrant undertak joint market campaign travel agent enabl entrant access data held travel agent commiss signific difficulti access mean distribut obtain inform enabl market target potenti custom cost effect manner factor consid repres signific barrier entri access ship cruis oper order ship bui hand ship charter ship crew compani specialis charter parti account major current order cruiseship world capit cost ship post panamax vessel high cost ship run hundr million pound sterl term competit effect magnitud cost matter question oper recoup cost exit word cost sunk factor limit risk sunk cost incur invest ship repres signific barrier entri enter ocean cruis market ship newli built entri ship place extrem rare disnei oper activ unit kingdom enter ship entrant invest ship exist market sale subsequ refurbish ship suggest oper exit market recoup proport invest risk invest cost sunk cost significantli greater ocean cruis market shrink exhibit growth economi scale financ oper larg fleet ship gener economi scale cost function overhead technic oper hotel cost shore side oper spread larger fleet economi scale achiev oper ship oper larger modern ship larger ship spread cost technic staff larger number custom newer ship cheaper oper significantli lower fuel cost entri european market big ship difficult unit state biggest market worldwid entri happen year disnei economi scale rare except case achiev entrant expans major lesser extent tier player fulli achiev economi hand entrant hand ship charter reduc financ cost risk substanti parti contest argument signific economi scale argu economi expect trend increasingli concentr industri popc highlight year industri concentr result activ newer oper number player airtour thomson saga island enter ship expand ad ship show entri small scale achiev economi scale indispens success entri switch nation mix capac countri abil shift brand market countri modif nation mix ship import featur industri recent exampl shown competitor rapidli expand oper countri shift capac multination market ship unit state style ship mediterranean european style cruis statement object commiss reach preliminari conclus unit kingdom consum prefer british style cruis significantli inhibit abil oper provid mediterranean style american style cruis exert signific competit pressur parti prefer inhibit abil oper oper ship peopl countri increas proport unit kingdom custom light repli receiv analysi undertaken statement object issu commiss consid preliminari conclus overplai signific nation tast barrier entri shown recit quarter amp custom consid unit state style brand rci ncl celebr closest altern evid provid popc commiss studi recit reinforc conclus unit state style unit kingdom style cruis close competit popc commiss studi suggest signific minor potenti custom prefer unit kingdom style cruis major actual potenti custom indiffer prefer american style cruis evid provid carniv repli show number exampl signific shift nation mix board ship increas proport unit kingdom custom cunard ship year share unit kingdom custom cunard caronia grew percentag point exampl shift proport unit kingdom custom greater rccl recent substanti increas market share unit kingdom increas number unit kingdom passeng ship relev cost incur achiev expans monei spent market cost incur relat hardwar softwar ship rccl achiev expans market share dedic ship unit kingdom market addit expand chang nation mix cruis oper continu realloc ship countri quot ship shift quot signific factor report publish march ub warburg show period ship realloc unit state market europ ship repres shift capac unit state market european market ship popc crown regal ocean highlight flexibl ship rccl vike serenad run newli launch brand island cruis run cruis europ spring summer return unit state market winter season commiss consid attempt rais price post merger counter unit state pan european player rci ncl increas proport unit kingdom passeng ship short term requir establish brand distribut network compani activ sell cruis unit kingdom brand recognis access distribut network medium term compani build presenc dedic ship unit kingdom market conclus unit kingdom clear oper creat combin entiti high market share market ocean cruis unit kingdom confer domin specif characterist ocean cruis market unit kingdom led commiss conclud propos oper creat competit concern unit kingdom market immatur forecast grow rapidli year growth provid opportun exist player expand oper player enter market abil entri expans proven recent histori market british style segment overlap cunard amp cruis limit cunard account unit kingdom market account queen elizabeth ii liner signific part cunard busi nich product transatlant cross onboard queen elizabeth ii unlik cruis typic sold amp cruis potenti cruiser unit kingdom limit choic cruis compani provid quot british style quot cruis cruis rang characterist provid rang oper signific barrier expans intern oper short term year oper expand increas proport unit kingdom custom ship threat expans signific competit restraint combin entiti medium term year enhanc posit unit kingdom dedic ship unit kingdom market commiss conclud oper creat strengthen domin posit unit kingdom market provis ocean cruis result effect competit significantli imped common market eea germani german market share capac german market share passeng carniv estim parti market share year maritim cruis market includ coastal ferri cruiser hurtigruten tabl tabl parti estim passeng market share germani gt tabl gt sourc carniv german market share pcd total market volum tabl deriv annual survei german cruis market publish drv consid reliabl sourc german cruis market quot quot categori fill differ total pcd commiss investig total market volum state drv public quot quot categori cover number luxuri cruis brand number nich player tabl german pcd market share gt tabl gt sourc commiss base inform suppli parti competitor tabl show parti combin pcd market share lower carniv estim basi passeng current market share parti current market share lower pcd market share due price premium german tradit product command forthcom capac german market forecast expand rapidli wild assum minimum annual carniv comment base annual growth rate commiss believ carniv estim optimist market particip lower estim gener expect strong growth undisput line growth expect market particip plan expand capac consider foremost carniv popc intend ship dedic predominantli german market half capac increas realis connect parti brand build exercis recit popc oper ship total capac lower berth dedic german style market segment arkona berth aidacara berth year addit ship plan ad popc dedic german capac oper arkona stop ship partli build partli transferr popc unit state brand princess effect increas popc german capac total lower berth popc seetour german style capac expect compos ship aidacara berth aidavita berth aidaaura berth rosa blu crown princess berth rosa regal princess berth carniv ship oper exclus german custom costa quot la deutsch vita quot brand costa marina capac lower berth addit number quot pan european quot mediterranean compani offer cruis attract custom european nation likewis increas capac festiv msc royal olymp repres german market put ship servic recent year come year capac oper rise substanti upgrad fleet effect increas dispers number geograph market oper draw amount passeng board ship germani unit state brand plan increas worldwid capac major capac increas unit state brand carri parti substanti capac increas foreseen rccl smaller extent ncl increas capac percentag german custom unit state style ship small strongest group competitor market share compos tradit german cruis compani expect expand capac compar extent commiss statement object present forecast market share base capac show parti combin market share significantli higher forecast prepar rccl basi expect passeng arriv higher market share parti held carniv popc repli statement object question assumpt forecast base relat capac utilis nation mix certainti capac forecast commiss accept assumpt introduc signific uncertainti project market share assumpt materialis parti competitor chang plan capac nation mix board ship shift capac utilis predict suffici certainti individu oper commiss expect parti combin market share grow result capac outlin recit uncertainti forecast precis effect base decis market share forecast present statement object brand posit languag cultur code german intern largest part german ocean cruis market market account product offer cruis german gear german nation tast percentag quot intern style quot cruis limit intern style cruis pan european mediterranean style cruis offer carniv costa brand festiv consider growth rate recent year reach market share unit state style cruis appeal minor german custom growth potenti number younger repeat cruiser command english rise note rci celebr highest market share segment particular german market vi vi french italian spanish market cunard offer predominantli quot classic british quot product compar germani attract group german repeat cruiser main characterist german market recent year rise import attract german custom pan european mediterranean offer carniv costa brand term sale jointli msc stronger brand presenc segment leader pan european cruis german custom strong posit reflect strong passeng growth festiv line strong capac growth year increas number german passeng consider remain distant costa msc german style cruis long time domin exclus tradit german cruis oper notabl hapag lloyd peter deilmann phoenix reisen transocean touristik delphin seereisen plantour recent hansa touristik compani small compani own frequent charter mid size ocean cruis vessel peter deilmann oper ocean cruis vessel sail cruis ship galapago cruis hapag lloyd own preussag tui oper ocean cruis vessel sail cruis vessel situat begun chang acquisit seetour aida popc recent creation german popc brand rosa costa decis dedic ship german market exclus creat brand quot la deutsch vita quot acceler shift preval segment german market tradit player nation brand own major carniv popc qualiti segment star rate element brand posit provid categoris luxuri premium upper premium lower premium economi budget segment categoris ident link star rate provid berlitz context note parti offer predominantli fall premium segment segment roughli star star core segment cruis offer premium segment product command higher margin attract broad consum group economi segment german market smaller european countri compos hand german compani hand mediterranean compani loui roc msc festiv oper star star economi ship penetr premium segment term passeng segment constitut german ocean cruis market term signific oper present market segment seek penetr premium segment order ship german ocean cruis market term passeng occupi luxuri offer hapag lloyd peter deilmann strong luxuri segment addit intern compani silversea radisson carniv repres segment quot intern quot offer seabourn windstar cunard parti futur posit premium segment market constitut third total market expect strong whilst rosa upper premium segment brand lower spite parti strength compani peter deilmann hapag lloyd phoenix transocean smaller german oper continu count tradit repeat clientel seek modernis product competit premium segment pan european mediterranean oper upgrad part fleet remain activ economi segment profit repeat custom tendenc quot trade quot experi accommod german tast german speak full ship charter cruis final rccl ncl ship constitut attract offer premium area stun big ship appeal younger intern mind audienc classic cruis fun cruis tradit quot classic quot cruis offer tradit german oper product focu formal dress sedat entertain educ cultur touch quot fashion quot high qualiti servic emphasi formal diminish gradual lower categori fulli abandon formal dress gener requir dine entertain gener aim older custom product appeal cruis appeal quot fun activ quot valu introduc german scene aida half clubship concept closest equival style cruis provid unit state ship call quot contemporari quot offer epitomis ccl variat offer ncl rci princess fun activ cruis provid casual relax cruis experi wider anim entertain programm varieti restaur bar nightclub cater broad mix passeng larger emphasi fun quot club style quot younger custom tend time cruiser tend germani aida high rate time cruiser europ exception low averag ag compar averag ag unit state style quot contemporari ship quot averag custom forti posit rosa costa la deutsch vita opposit group quot tradit quot versu quot contemporari quot offer signific popc give arkona brand oper classic segment decid creat brand aim bridg divid extrem rosa attempt appeal discern experienc quot young heart quot custom ag late forti earli sixti offer experi relax refin fun element overli action orient target group extent overlap tradit classic cruiser contemporari cruiser constitut homogen custom group repres rang custom profil costa la deutsch vita hand address custom group albeit angl angl famili friendli italian mediterranean touch rang ag group cater costa la deutsch vita brand expect broad addit vari season carri higher number famili children summer costa la deutsch vita brand decidedli relax quot contemporari quot moder activ orient sauna gym jog approach bridg rosa classic versu contemporari cruis divid la deutsch vita custom group number respect expect overlap rosa custom group custom find set similar itinerari offer la deutsch vita rosa offer seri compar circular cruis northern germani kiel warnemünd hamburg altern norwai baltic compar price custom cruis find attract switch mediterranean oper departur port northern itali easili access larg number german custom mediterranean compani begin ventur norwegian baltic sea cruis likewis departur port easi reach potenti german custom domin assess germani parti market posit parti combin current market share level rais concern expand market share expect rise recit competitor parti group competitor expand capac impos effect competit constraint parti unit state style competitor brand ncl rci expect present credibl altern aida aida custom unit state style brand celebr constitut altern rosa la deutsch vita posit challeng mediterranean oper addit establish german oper increas capac expect constrain parti market power respect custom prefer german ship inflex switch intern brand parti seek enlarg custom base expens oper threat capac oversuppli fill ship basic econom cruis industri provid consider incent arriv close capac utilis due fact capac set margin cost low cost fix cost cost food variabl cost cost larg outweigh board revenu gener passeng inhibit minut discount dissatisfact discount price late booker creat custom paid higher price earlier result dispers futur yield parti line econom consider openli commit oper capac utilis rate order achiev goal high capac utilis compani gener aim manag sale curv carefulli influenc tactic price promot commiss market share project shown market grow fast rate absorb capac put german market plan capac increas place capac utilis rate target parti german market growth passeng note german market septemb show sign acceler expans market growth success year optimist growth stai expect difficult predict altern scenario emerg entri barrier barrier expans histori entri potenti entri entri barrier similar consider appli discuss context unit kingdom recit germani entri economi segment past year characteris entri subsequ expans mediterranean compani msc festiv sell part cruis german passeng smaller german compani charter enter recit premium area aida enter half ship seetour acquir popc aida ship ad year ad costa carniv creat dedic german brand la deutsch vita popc seetour start german brand rosa german tour oper shown propens enter ocean cruis market smaller compani affili tour oper continu enter market happen hansa touristik charter renov ship quot paloma quot foreseen holidai kreuzfahrten oper amp cruis current quot victoria quot renam quot mona lisa quot adac reisen travel branch german motorist associ enter cruis small scale charter cruis offer member expect market growth facilit entri luxuri end market entri oper quot sun bai quot luxuri ship entri directli challeng parti brand small scale entri constrain parti market strength histori potenti expans german style premium segment german market unit state style premium brand limit success germani exemplifi low market share fact individu brand rci celebr share larger low speed expans fact present german market brand expect mean particip growth german market offer premium ship quot contemporari quot cruis particip growth form increas percentag german custom onboard cruis ship achiev increas market effort mediterranean compani success enter expand germani firmli establish economi segment carri signific percentag german ship shift nation mix onboard mediterranean ship place past expect place respons post merger price rise festiv successfulli expand premium segment premium ship german oper transocean tour charter ship expand recent introduc berth ship ship ad similar capac previous oper popc seetour entri pattern transocean tour compar fred olsen unit kingdom smaller german oper follow rout expect market growth germani facilit expans brand awar tradit mode emploi market leader hapag lloyd peter deilmann ship brand combin compani masterbrand begin chang parti activ promot plan multi ship brand rosa aida la deutsch vita begin oper costa la deutsch vita brand costa market expenditur germani year popc market expenditur rosa aida likewis consider transocean ship brand astor astoria earli sign begin restructur german offer indic hapag lloyd joint market explor ship charter sail cruiser quot sea cloud quot market distribut structur german travel agent market characteris absenc specialis cruis shop high number travel agenc group cooper access distribut gener easi indic access distribut constitut barrier entri merger larg part market expenditur advertis build brand recognit substanti sum spent market activ train familiaris trade carniv market germani strengthen access aida seetour firmli establish sale market network prevent competitor increas market effort market difficulti germani overcom market gener sale agent market compani product specialis tour oper put common brochur big tour oper packag cruis product produc cruis brochur fti mytravel air maritim thoma cook neckermann terramar tui packag brand market channel constitut viabl altern market cruis compani conclus competit constraint commiss conclud competit constraint parti submit competit expand competitor addit ship competitor nation mix board multination market ship parti expand sale order fill ship suffici outweigh risk pose parti foreseen capac increas project surround number uncertainti expect lead higher market share entri barrier consid high rais level overcom entrant conclus germani parti combin market share pcd consider capac increas plan parti german dedic brand year commiss found competitor expand oper mediterranean unit state oper posit chang nation mix board multi nation market ship access suffici capac increas capac mediterranean oper successfulli penetr german market recent year case festiv achiev upgrad offer addit smaller german compani charter enter market commiss found entri expans german market difficult substanti barrier entri creat subsequ propos concentr entri expect fuel competit condit german market ocean cruis element found support expans exist competitor entri expect strong growth market effect constraint parti abil rais price year capac increas partli commit propos concentr lead creation strengthen domin posit german market provis ocean cruis mediterranean market itali franc spain configur market itali franc spain gener aspect parti posit cruis industri spain itali franc call mediterranean southern market embryon stage reveal lower penetr rate spain itali franc immatur market compar unit state unit kingdom market present signific potenti growth undeni attract entri expans whilst constitut separ nation market market displai number common featur make discuss languag nation prefer import aspect market cruis english speak cruis distinct disadvantag spanish italian french speak cruis import part cruis offer consid pan european mediterranean gear product account minor exist cultur differ southern nation focu explain substanti presenc oper festiv msc limit extent royal olymp cruis roc market equal explain brand recognit remark market posit carniv costa brand strongest player countri itali spain main cruis player oper market concern itali carniv costa ccl msc festiv royal caribbean rci celebr roc ii franc carniv costa cunard royal caribbean celebr rci festiv transtour tour oper nouvel frontièr roc msc iii spain carniv costa ccl royal caribbean rci celebr tour oper pullmantour festiv tour oper spanish cruis line joint ventur msc roc tabl show configur mediterranean market term posit share major player oper tabl mediterranean market share gt tabl gt sourc inform data submit commiss investig larg major market particip basi sale context cruis basi plan oper technic rise affect market spain itali franc carniv posit countri signific irrespect plan oper itali spain italian french spanish market pcd popc contribut limit increas market share consid neglig italian spanish french market base commiss investig year potenti competit itali franc spain commiss preliminari market investig compani argu irrespect signific horizont overlap mention plan oper lessen potenti competit market cruis spain itali franc refer made context call quot mediterranean joint ventur quot jv creat popc rccl parallel oper broader framework popc royal caribbean merger jv vehicl entri massiv scale southern market dissolut form chang control jv trigger quot put option quot mechan entail dramat econom penalti exit parti oper criteria met date carniv emphasis commiss preliminari proceed view dissolut jv precondit bid believ power popc manag dissolv jv signific cost fact unit kingdom takeov panel citi london takeov author grant carniv highli except timet ensur deal close januari jv undon penalti indic dissolut jv regard stock exchang author possibl confirm jv effect quot poison pill quot design make altern bid difficult popc quot mediterranean jv primarili creat structur provid rccl deal protect requir condit enter merger agreement popc quot concern rais parti possibl entri popc credibl constraint carniv current futur posit elimin time carniv plan increas dedic capac strengthen posit parti carniv posit domin closer market investig undertaken order obtain conclus evid indic initi identifi commiss advers impact term elimin actual potenti competit regard expans futur english speak segment southern market result phase inquiri confirm initi indic regard relev factor nation languag cultur prefer market ocean cruis itali spain franc custom feel attract pan european mediterranean product address nation differ posit player market concern balanc orient term choic food entertain timet languag crew come signific number countri board languag consider lead conclus expans ocean cruis industri mediterranean market focu pan european nation segment relat exist feasibl altern vi vi costa depth investig call question suggest popc credibl potenti competitor mediterranean market confirm competit establish player oper itali spain franc relev competit situat hypothet entri popc critic express preliminari proceed base assumpt popc credibl potenti competitor costa respect note joint ventur rccl popc interpret real signal popc intent enter mediterranean market ii popc fail attempt acquir festiv time ago singl viabl potenti entrant cruis compani financi investor tourism compani tour oper capabl iii relat popc alleg expertis creat product address mediterranean tast prefer underlin exist cruis market compani europ pan european mediterranean style cruis basic nation style product aim satisfi request north european nation multi cultur mediterranean dimens popc german experi base contribut acquisit seetour germani consider call question credibl suggest popc quot potenti competitor quot statement popc intent entri capabl player penetr expand market presenc oper establish area concern festiv msc roc limit extent nation player relev market situat potenti entri popc increas capac year signific brand market effort made oper expertis address prefer italian french spanish public offer mediterranean product meet expect expans rccl present itali spain franc market share year possibl popc rccl posit number world obviou avail resourc offer type product requir market concern testifi rccl experi splendour sea constitut signal compani interest southern market mediterranean market conclus commiss conclud present transact lead creation strengthen domin posit market ocean cruis itali franc spain shipbuild result commiss investig suffici confirm concern express parti effect result argu buyer power exert merg entiti vi vi shipbuild compani note respect reveal commiss inquiri construct larg cruis vessel concentr busi limit number player present specif expertis industri plai signific role avail broad network subcontractor essenti factor constitut protect regard exert buyer power cruis oper number relev shipbuild main busi area construct cruis ship produc ship type contain ship ferri submarin naval vessel ga carrier offshor vessel attract suffici number order ship applic due trade condit segment mutual depend cruis oper cruis ship builder merger enabl combin entiti negoti favour condit suppli kind includ suppli ship commiss receiv evid compet cruis compani prevent access shipyard receiv deliveri agre timet happen past evid happen futur investig shown merger lead foreclosur effect cruis ship buyer note demand cruis ship basic depend factor demand trend level competit cruis market factor signific potenti growth identifi recit growth demand induc demand addit tonnag includ ship refurbish ship order improv servic offer custom factor decis find domin posit creat strengthen propos oper nation ocean cruis market eea vii summari conclud propos concentr lead creation strengthen domin posit market result effect competit significantli imped common market substanti part oper declar compat common market function eea agreement pursuant articl merger regul articl eea agreement adopt decis articl notifi oper carniv acquir popc declar compat common market eea agreement articl decis address carniv corpor carniv place nw avenu miami florida usa brussel juli commiss mario monti member commiss oj corrigendum oj oj oj oj term quot parti quot draft conveni support parti dealt jointli commiss turnov calcul accord articl merger regul commiss notic calcul turnov oj extent figur includ turnov period januari calcul basi averag ecu exchang rate translat eur basi part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk popc german subsidiari concern relat provis river cruis figur refer number passeng cruis year relat total popul wild fleet oj recit refer popc submiss commiss unabl gather data enabl perform quantit test boundari relev market data empir test ssnip test establish custom react chang rel price product question ssnip stand quot small signific transitori increas price quot line common industri assumpt term quot cruis quot appli multi night maritim river journei leisur purpos wild intern limit maritim tourism compet world market septemb refer popc submiss refer popc submiss irn research investig cruis unit kingdom holidai market april mintel consult report unit kingdom cruis sector april small sampl size involv irn subsequ confirm quot true quot estim report survei rccl commiss conquest research submit juli research achiev interview respond claim sampl highli repres figur relat specif nationwid track survei undertaken holland america line june mintel group inclus holidai leisur intellig august categori repres social grade social grade socio econom classif market research market industri unit kingdom analysi spend habit consum attitud social grade categori defin profession manual middl manag manual manual worker skill manual worker semi skill unskil manual worker benefit unemploi cruis inform servic passeng ship associ annual cruis review unit kingdom europ nop holidai survei nop research group limit refer popc commiss studi passeng ship associ cruis inform servic turn tide nera econom consult quot popc rccl analysi cruis yield capac destin quot april yield studi defin weight averag achiev ticket revenu passeng bed dai popc cruis depart destin month nera econom consult quot popc rccl analysi cruis yield capac destin quot april page margaret guerin calvert janusz ordov quot profit price evalu capac expans quot date june author obtain revenu cost data ship level carniv cruis line profit measur present gross profit revenu obtain cruis passeng minu cost sale gross oper profit deduct cost oper expens ordov paper section ii point competitor provid evid servic level measur staff number differ consider ship convert toc product staf reduc inform submit unit kingdom competit commiss form part report publicli access respons june cruis line tour oper figur posit correl coeffici refer popc submiss refer popc submiss product price competit similar essenti natur premium cruis economi cruis closer price direct competit relationship segment dai cruis product mix dai cruis option mediterranean scandinavian cruis caribbean cruis survei includ price quot popc survei cover premium star product tour oper cruis offer major unit kingdom tour oper festiv european star costa victoria rci splendour sea airtour carousel sunbird thomson topaz island cruis island escap rate quot cruis line reserv march commiss note import unit kingdom supplier premium cruis amp cruis contain premium sampl offer compar cruis sampl includ amp cruis cruis oriana rci cruis explor sea airtour cruis sundream equalis tip cost differ travel tourism intellig world cruis market drv der kreuzfahrtenmarkt deutschland figur refer germani riverin cruis market develop alf pollak gabi pollak lenk german cruis market censu februari ff websit compani state inform product german tourist quot bitt bedenken sie es handelt sich nicht um ein kreuzfahrt quot cruis http www hurtigruten de html frame htm tabl overlap pcd spain state amp lt passeng ship associ psa annual cruis market digest unit kingdom europ wild intern limit maritim tourism compet world market septemb estim carniv annex form wild intern limit maritim tourism compet world market septemb name style confus itinerari cruis caribbean northern european itinerari dougla ward berlitz complet guid cruis amp cruis ship princeton guid rate base familiar system star complement attribut quot quot qualif higher posit product ey rate agent berlitz guid arriv rate alloc number point aspect cruis product ship accommod cuisin servic cruis experi basic unit rate individu ship decis hotel sector case iv bass plc saison hold bv case iv accor coloni blackston vivendi case comp hilton accor fort travel servic jv decis consum good sector case comp masterfood royal canin case comp interbrew beck case iv coca cola amalgam beverag case iv kimberli clark scott wild maritim tourism pp cunard add fleet quot queen mari quot world biggest expens ship ship ad consid project capac add capac assumpt simultan retir caronia capac surpass caronia capac popc capac consid intra compani transfer princess oceana sea princess transfer ocean villag arcadia princess addit newbuild coral princess star princess diamond princess island princess sapphir princess crown princess ii intro compani transfer brand retir ocean princess pacif princess regal princess crown princess sea princess swan hellen replac minerva minerva ii total figur respond understood group overlap understood group complementari conquest research report telephon interview conduct cruis guest unit kingdom report commiss royal caribbean respond ask cruis line chosen travel time high percentag respond chose altern line consist high level loyalti line select occas tabl exclud choos altern conquest research report telephon interview conduct cruis guest unit kingdom ff wild intern limit implic fleet cruis market prospect august ub warburg global equiti research high tide look cruis line march winter airtour charter ship summer airtour ship charter winter season refer popc submiss repli commiss questionnair june page figur deriv annex carniv repli commiss questionnair date june pp wild parti account build order end carniv popc wild maritim tourism page ub warburg global equiti research high tide look cruis line march hurtigruten share state recit tabl hurtigruten share includ line propos market definit drv der kreuzfahrtenmarkt deutschland ein studi von alf pollak und gabi pollak lenk im auftrag de deutschen reisebüro und reiseveranstalterverband drv figur includ norwegian coastal voyag hurtigruten allow made minu estim share hurtigruten exclud commiss market definit includ drv figur passeng market share norwegian coastal voyag hurtigruten estim carniv estim deduct drv market volum crystal radisson sea silver sea sun bai compagni de il de ponant african safariiclub quark adac club valtur american classic voyag due compani discount polici fact hapag lloyd peter deilmann number ship luxuri upper premium higher carniv submiss quot assess ec commiss articl decis quot comment demand forecast underlin figur reflect low growth forecast wild quot conserv pessimist quot carniv submiss add wild medium high growth forecast appli germani present realist possibl carniv submiss arriv growth figur yearli german demand total german demand increas notwithstand argument recit tabl quot german nation quot popc aida arkona expect growth materialis larger extent quot american quot destin alaska hawaii mexican riviera caribbean barbado england drv der kreuzfahrtenmarkt deutschland quot upper premium quot term quot premium quot quot lower premium quot term quot standard quot understand quot premium quot decis cover drv categori quot premium quot quot standard quot survei price diem rang dem eur bracket budget dem standard dem premium dem de lux dem ibid contrast economi cruis attract larg number time cruiser small margin luxuri cruis high margin appeal small group custom drv der kreuzfahrtenmarkt deutschland ibid boundari luxuri upper premium blur cunard queen elizabeth ii queen grill suit drv compos upper premium premium lower premium standard ibid ship charter transocean tour infrequ oper quot upper berth quot fourth bed cabin account measur capac utilis pcd growth rate slightli lower averag length cruis sink slowli rccl market share germani remain rccl german style brand european style brand carniv rccl posit germani compar commiss inform date drv der kreuzfahrtenmarkt deutschland im auftrag de deutschen reisebüroverband durchgeführt von alf pollak ccl princess hal market share amp lt repres gener sale agent charter ship end carniv repli commiss questionnair date june german associ tour oper travel agent count member state account quarter turnov sector drv fakten und zahlen zum deutschen reisemarkt märz tour oper account tour oper market cruis compani state quot german travel agent market consist travel agenc belong cooper travel agenc call free agenc choos product quot data provid year unit kingdom consum associ discrep market share estim carniv tabl discrep due absenc direct compar passeng pcd market share due carniv lower market share spain due increas competit nation economi oper assumpt market share carniv main argument popc posit remain unchang refer popc submiss press inform festiv complet negoti secur relev packag extra fund privat placement share capit bond financ order consolid financi strength view widen compani sharehold base expand fleet festiv chairman ceo state record book month year festiv quot year quot shipyard produc larg cruis ship chantier de atlantiqu franc meyer werft germani fincantieri itali kvaerner masa finland aker mtw werft germani lloyd werft germani produc ship complet bought hull mariotti itali chantier de atlantiqu fincantieri produc type ship naval vessel ferri ga tanker submarin kvaerner masa yard produc ga tanker meyerwerft produc ga tanker ferri aker mtw werft produc thing containership