commiss decis june state aid grant itali form tax exempt subsidis loan public util major public capit hold nn notifi document number italian text authent text eea relev ec commiss european commun regard treati establish european commun subparagraph articl thereof regard agreement european econom area articl thereof call interest parti submit comment pursuant provis cite regard comment procedur march commiss receiv complaint alleg state aid grant itali form tax exempt access subsidis loan public util june novemb commiss ask italian author initi inform measur question letter decemb regist receiv commiss decemb italian author provid inform request request italian author meet held rome januari letter date commiss inform itali decid initi procedur laid articl ec treati respect measur refer complaint commiss decis initi procedur publish offici journal european commun commiss invit interest parti submit comment measur commiss receiv comment interest parti comment forward itali repli observ follow date august submiss octob request postpon deadlin present observ octob observ loan cassa depos prestiti cddpp decemb request postpon deadlin present observ februari addit observ februari letter state itali adopt measur refer comment federazion ga italian ga juli august request postpon deadlin answer commiss letter juli octob comment quot transfer tax exempt quot recit novemb comment cddpp loan decemb comment cddpp loan commiss receiv comment interest parti septemb comment submit azienda elettrica municipal spa aem acea spa acea august comment submit bundesverband der deutschen industri bdi januari addit comment aem acea commiss receiv comment interest parti date march comment confservizi cispel cispel march april comment ga measur plan italian state combin measur investig allegedli involv aid april comment azienda mediterranea ga acqua spa amga lastli commiss receiv comment amga acea aem june juli parti comment commiss court instanc judgment alzetta mauro commiss wrote italian author date august letter decis initi procedur octob letter forward parti observ octob remind letter august octob letter extend deadlin present observ februari letter forward itali observ parti januari remind letter august april forward itali observ parti april remind oblig notifi aid measur articl treati connect measur refer ga juli letter request clarif quot transfer tax exempt quot recit august extens deadlin present observ commiss meet repres acea aem novemb march june april met repres ga commiss met italian author octob descript measur nation legal background itali municip tradition provid directli indirectli servic local commun distribut treatment water public transport ga distribut organis arrang law june law reform legal arrang municip provid servic accord articl law subsequ amend articl law municip provid servic directli economia separ administr account entiti azienda special institut commerci servic licenc grant public privat undertak concession terzi set joint stock compani società azioni limit liabil compani società responsabilità limitata major public sharehold option administ servic introduc articl law law possibl set joint stock compani minor public sharehold gener rule case public servic provid directli municip separ account entiti servic provid oper territori municip joint stock compani set law limit law predefin territori activ gener conduct busi normal commerci entiti subject rule privat commerci law detail descript measur decis initi procedur commiss explain doubt nation provis applic joint stock compani major public sharehold set law constitut state aid mean articl treati compat common market provis question articl law decemb read conjunct articl decre law januari articl law read conjunct articl decre law august articl law august convert amend decre law juli respect urgent provis public financ hereinaft articl decre law articl law special tax regim joint stock compani major public sharehold set law exempt transfer tax relat convers special municip undertak joint stock compani transfer tax exempt year incom tax exempt tax year joint stock compani major public sharehold quot year incom tax exempt quot specif articl law make refer articl decre law januari articl transfer asset link convers special municip undertak joint stock compani set law no subject tax registr tax stamp tax tax increas real estat properti invim mortgag tax cadastr duti transfer tax tax regim provid articl confirm articl decre law august articl law read conjunct articl decre law august articl joint stock compani set law qualifi exempt incom tax tax incom legal person irpeg local incom tax ilor year start incorpor case tax year end decemb articl decre law allow joint stock compani public major sharehold provid public servic contract loan directli cddpp inform italian author loan grant joint stock compani set law loan grant compani accord articl decre law concern decis comment interest parti commiss receiv comment interest parti firm aem amga acea comment measur constitut state aid sector joint stock compani question oper open competit measur distort competit essenti requir measur regard state aid distort competit miss event measur constitut state aid regard exist aid aid regard compat articl measur temporari purpos facilit transform restructur compani view help cope transit close liberalis market point preced recit abovement firm argu joint stock compani provid servic basi exclus right territori municip belong time tender provis servic territori municip appar except tender manag arezzo municip waterwork acea amga compagni générale de eaux part addit amga lyonnais de eaux submit bid manag alto valdarno waterwork firm maintain measur question give joint stock compani advantag enter market tax advantag signific compar cost expand market telecom sector regard recit firm argu classif measur question exist state aid base set consider stress municip municip undertak exempt incom tax begin centuri joint stock compani law econom viewpoint special undertak benefit exempt year incom tax exempt provid articl fact limit prior tax exempt articl constitut measur amend exist classifi exist aid gener enter forc market joint stock compani oper close competit measur classifi exist aid articl council regul ec march lai detail rule applic articl ec treati court instanc judgment alzetta mauro regard recit aem amga acea explain measur aim sole favour transit monopolist market structur competit allow privat capit privat ownership particip manag local servic measur regard cover articl constitut aid facilit develop econom activ provis local public servic commiss decid aid facilit transit monopolist market structur competit compat articl commiss decis milk market board dutch public transport final firm argu measur discriminatori privat competitor joint stock compani set law privat compani order oper freeli market state forgon resourc entitl loss tax revenu offset higher profit municip cispel associ repres joint stock compani special undertak comment time measur question sector concern adopt legal monopoli local author reserv provis servic territori grant licenc parti exclus right competit measur regard constitut state aid articl measur intend facilit convers public sector undertak govern public law firm govern common law transit monopolist situat competit discrimin privat public sector undertak posit requir order oper market measur regard compat aid articl aid aim facilit develop econom activ addit measur constitut state aid joint stock compani undertak purpos competit law ii measur simpli offset extra cost public servic entrust iii financ state resourc state forgo tax revenu central level gain local level iv gener measur justifi natur gener scheme system italian tax law legisl wide margin manoeuvr determin taxabl person exempt joint stock compani transit period vi affect trade member state good servic produc recipi trade member state intend local market vii transfer tax exempt confer advantag joint stock compani municip liabl tax case cispel argu measur question justifi exempt articl treati quot aid remedi disturb economi member state quot articl bundesverband der deutschen industri observ tax exempt soft loan firm control state distort competit itali germani ga italian associ privat compani distribut ga basi concess grant local author consid measur refer commiss constitut state aid year exempt incom tax state aid privat firm engag activ joint stock compani unlik subject tax profit ga stress articl invok justifi measur aim facilit develop econom sector grant advantag firm oper sector basi legal statu entiti transform joint stock compani sharehold structur public major privat minor final ga point italian author discuss draft law contain advantag joint stock compani februari italian author inform commiss discuss draft law block comment italian author italian author state measur examin appli compani exclus involv provid local public servic servic local scale sector electr ga water transport wast pharmaceut product italian author argu measur constitut state aid reason distort competit adopt sector joint stock compani oper open competit affect trade member state compani oper pure local level financ state resourc state forgo resourc entitl part public administr recipi exempt tax convert joint stock compani state earn revenu level municip author argu measur regard state aid constitut exist aid econom sector concern open competit adopt addit compat articl restructur aid articl servic gener econom interest exempt articl italian author argu measur question enabl public undertak provid local servic acquir competit market structur claim commiss declar aid compat facilit transit monopoli situat free competit ad requir articl aid quot advers affect trade condit extent contrari common interest quot met weak degre competit sector concern exempt articl italian author claim firm concern provid servic gener econom interest articl cover measur appli public undertak provid type servic year incom tax exempt appli sole firm major public sharehold explain fact control public author kind compani greater compani public author minor sharehold articl italian author point municip case liabl tax measur regard confer advantag joint stock compani ii exempt transfer tax regard measur justifi natur scheme system argument italian author stress set joint stock compani law treat set normal commerci firm exempt question applic principl tax neutral principl enshrin italian tax law underli transform legal statu firm legal statu firm firm remain econom viewpoint principl simpli chang legal statu firm relev tax purpos confer econom advantag firm regard articl decre law italian author claim loan cddpp grant joint stock compani carri public servic task entrust measur consid compat articl cddpp grant loan provid public servic legal statu issu comparison interest rate appli cddpp loan rate joint stock compani obtain market italian author claim comment august interest rate appli cddpp lower market rate quot clear doubt activ question subject competit quot comment octob argu interest rate appli cddpp substanti line market rate reach conclus compar rate appli cddpp maximum rate loan local author fix treasuri comment novemb italian author repeat argument set recit maximum interest rate fix treasuri loan local author serv refer rate commiss assess event articl associ joint stock compani case law prohibit oper territori municip belong ad cddpp practic grant loan firm quot clear engag activ municip quot lastli comment decemb italian author ad agre interest rate appli cddpp confer advantag compani question cddpp rate consist higher rate soft loan fix paramet establish treasuri minist assess measur state decis initi procedur commiss quot regard broad abstract natur legisl concern institut present procedur relat specif aspect identifi preced analysi quot commiss analysi concern aid scheme consist measur question individu grant aid undertak scheme instrument itali confer advantag firm satisfi relev condit joint stock compani set law itali grant tax advantag individu basi notifi individu case commiss inform commiss assess commiss bound natur measur carri gener abstract examin determin constitut state aid articl treati aid compat common market element assess scheme involv state aid aid compat common market found scheme treati regul ec case law court empow commiss conduct analysi commiss examin applic measur individu case born mind present case itali ask commiss analys individu applic scheme commiss exact number ident beneficiari measur relev inform unawar amount aid grant individu case cddpp loan entitl interest rate provid gener account specif condit beneficiari italian author notifi commiss individu loan grant joint stock compani cddpp simpli provid list joint stock compani benefit cddpp loan relev inform financi situat compani commiss make individu assess commiss consid requir assess individu case nation author request suppli inform conduct assess inform provid commiss individu aid articl ec treati notifi open procedur italian author fulli awar commiss doubt scheme consid case specif featur assess individu basi inform commiss featur provid inform need individu assess made articl state measur constitut state aid mean articl treati grant member state state resourc form whatsoev favour undertak product good grant select advantag distort threaten distort competit affect trade member state commiss note year exempt incom tax loan grant articl decre law meet requir articl measur compris state aid mean articl hand commiss opinion transfer tax exempt state aid mean articl view natur gener scheme system aid grant member state state resourc year incom tax exempt involv direct cash outflow state directli affect public budget state forgo tax revenu legal entitl claim clear aid grant state resourc court justic consist held quot measur public author grant undertak tax exempt involv transfer state resourc place person exempt appli favour financi posit taxpay constitut state aid mean articl treati quot soft loan grant cddpp commiss note relev italian legisl cddpp establish fulli control treasuri ministri econom financi affair chairman manag board appoint member director gener cddpp activ supervis parliament specif committe court justic order determin measur regard constitut state aid mean articl treati quot distinct drawn case aid grant directli state case grant public privat bodi establish appoint state administ aid quot individu cddpp loan joint stock compani grant articl decre law italian law cddpp explicitli defin state administr fact fund manag cddpp privat sourc reimburs relev context sum measur question perman held treasuri fact remain time public control compet nation author suffici class state resourc clear number element loan grant cddpp attribut state cddpp integr part structur public administr subject public law public author supervis manag loan expressli provid articl decre law compli condit interest rate laid treasuri decre accord articl instrument element show involv public author grant cddpp loan loan grant cddpp grant member state state resourc aid favour undertak product good settl case law state aid limit capit grant subsidi includ measur natur subsidi capabl produc econom effect concept wider subsidi embrac posit benefit subsidi intervent form mitig charg includ budget undertak effect year incom tax exempt effect direct subsidi elimin cost item includ budget beneficiari beneficiari net profit increas compar firm compar situat comment receiv italian author parti point relev period joint stock compani subject incom tax amount profit exempt question enabl municip undertak joint stock compani law avoid year tax year standard rate incom tax applic joint stock compani condit major share capit remain public measur favour undertak mean articl treati establish case law grant loan state control entiti cddpp firm favour firm mean articl treati borrow grant term favour obtain capit market order determin cddpp loan joint stock compani favour cddpp interest rate compar interest rate obtain period capit market order carri comparison commiss gener rate gener abstract natur measur question clear commiss accept refer rate rate propos italian author definit market rate determin criteria establish public author maximum rate loan local author rate undertak rate subsidis credit oper specif design favour market rate market rate refer point comparison rate laid evalu region state aid scheme tabl compar cddpp rate commun commiss italian author refer rate cddpp interest rate commiss refer rate gt tabl gt tabl show joint stock compani benefit select advantag addit commiss note cddpp appli uniform interest rate year take account specif risk financ oper effect loan market rate gave joint stock compani access capit market lower cost firm measur favour undertak mean articl treati joint stock compani law municip retain major hold firm similar posit allow benefit cddpp loan aid distort threaten distort competit competit distort state aid reinforc competit posit recipi firm relat competitor measur strengthen competit posit joint stock compani question relat firm intend provid servic firm joint stock compani major share held local author find disadvantag posit intend compet grant licenc provid servic territori year incom tax exempt remov signific cost item budget firm born time beneficiari net profit increas relat firm compar situat profit distribut higher dividend make capit invest firm profit distort effect capit market make invest call market financi resourc affect competit market invest made hand advantag result exempt firm oper condit hold financi advantag inher loan grant market rate cddpp joint stock compani question addit financi resourc firm expand market distort sector local public servic make difficult firm member state enter italian market joint stock compani present effect trade quot state financi aid strengthen posit undertak compar undertak compet intra commun trade regard affect aid quot recipi firm involv export similarli member state grant aid undertak oper servic distribut industri recipi carri busi member state aid effect commun trade case firm establish close frontier member state sector joint stock compani set law activ claim italian author local public servic competit relat sale servic area competitor servic fact provid basi exclus right cover part territori municip competit occur primarili compani establish itali member state bid concess public procur contract provid servic municip itali member state note decis institut procedur quot case servic present case trade involv physic flow good member state sector firm compet award concess provid servic municip firm benefit measur question possibl offer lower price concess municip reduc market actual potenti competitor quot worth note market concess local public util open commun competit commun firm subject rule treati measur investig affect trade member state injur foreign compani bid local concess itali public firm benefit scheme bid competit price nation foreign competitor benefit addit scheme make attract compani member state invest util sector itali acquir major hold compani acquir entitl lose aid natur sharehold gener aid local servic provid creat obstacl foreign firm wish establish sell servic itali affect trade member state factor suffici commiss view satisfi requir articl measur affect trade member state italian author argu concess award select procedur period measur appli ad firm question provid servic local level effect trade insignific argument accept establish case law trade member state econom sector point time limit prevent measur constitut state aid limit amount trade result breach commun law member state incent hamper develop trade sector order prevent applic rule treati state aid rule exist aid joint stock compani encourag municip entrust directli servic grant licenc open tender procedur lastli note italian author carri select procedur relev period situat consequ infring commun rule principl public procur concess infring matter infring proceed initi commiss itali quot small amount aid small size undertak receiv exclud possibl intra commun trade affect quot token fact recipi export product member state oper local level trade member state affect aid scheme ensur aid grant individu case compli de minimi criteria de minimi principl laid commiss notic secondari legisl applic measur examin rule individu case fall de minimi threshold case measur deem fall scope articl treati decis note measur examin affect trade member state sector refer italian author main sector activ joint stock compani time measur question implement involv trade itali member state pharmaceut product electr wast trade forese exist extent final joint stock compani question choos oper market product trade member state note commiss initi procedur confirm firm submit comment joint stock compani enter market characteris intens trade member state forese measur affect trade sector util commiss conclud year incom tax exempt loan grant joint stock compani articl decre law constitut state aid mean articl treati transfer tax exempt cover articl italian author acknowledg transfer tax exempt special tax regim applic convers municip special undertak joint stock compani select natur measur justifi quot natur gener scheme system quot case measur state aid connect commiss note transfer tax appli creation econom entiti transfer asset econom entiti municip undertak convert joint stock compani law technic italian legal system econom entiti creat appear municip undertak joint stock compani substanti econom entiti oper legal form preparatori work italian senat italian legal system make provis gener rule convers legal form compani convers municip undertak joint stock compani convers place quot technic quot wind municip undertak set quot quot joint stock compani upshot econom entiti appar creat state econom entiti oper legal statu justifi normal tax rule transfer asset set econom entiti appli case italian author claim simpl convers legal form compani govern principl tax neutral convers indic increas incom capac produc incom transfer tax exempt specif applic principl case unlik year incom tax exempt transfer tax exempt appli convers special municip undertak joint stock compani sharehold composit time clear convers special municip undertak joint stock compani treat normal incorpor compani transact carri privat investor public author decis choic legal instrument offer law provis servic local level light forego commiss conclud reason exempt consist proper function effici tax system exempt base principl tax neutral basic principl tax system measur question justifi natur gener scheme system constitut state aid mean articl treati natur aid exist question answer connect base argument time entri forc measur consider sector joint stock compani oper open competit result measur question regard exist aid articl regul ec virtu court instanc judgment alzetta mauro argument accept measur examin examin aid scheme capabl benefit joint stock compani set law firm allow oper directli indirectli econom sector sharehold choos scheme aid restrict exclus sector open competit contrari italian author submiss inform commiss possess show competit sector italian author joint stock compani oper measur put effect exampl sector pharmaceut product wast ga water analysi confirm italian author claim quot weak degre competit quot sector concern competit econom sector point time limit member state free adopt state aid measur prevent develop competit reduc exist competit conclus claim sector joint stock compani oper time entri forc measur subject competit unfound measur examin regard exist aid basi argument possibl individu aid grant scheme question regard exist aid virtu recipi special situat question resolv claim year incom tax exempt regard exist aid argument run substanti begin centuri municip undertak special undertak rank local author tax purpos liabl tax question joint stock compani place municip undertak year incom tax exempt enjoi joint stock compani tax measur applic exist introduc state aid articl law effect limit year tax exempt question abolish provis distort competit leav question municip special undertak exempt incom tax commiss conclud concept exist aid cover year incom tax exempt question lead case law concept exist aid namur ducroir case court answer question decis authoris enlarg field activ public undertak ond case impli aid grant undertak aid court note legisl predat entri forc treati defin purpos area oper ond gener term provis export guarante ii provid advantag iii contain restrict term subject matter geograph area ond activ circumst ond year limit activ insur export risk decid consent belgian govern provid insur export western european countri court observ question aid exist aid answer refer provis lai measur held decis expand export risk cover ond origin descript scope ond activ amend legisl grant advantag regard natur advantag regard activ public undertak aid exist aid requir refer abovement rule measur regard exist aid met present case statutori provis year incom tax exempt joint stock compani prior entri forc treati exempt provid articl decre law august articl law law enabl municip set joint stock compani public major sharehold manag local public util exempt incom tax envisag joint stock compani joint stock compani set entri forc articl decre law liabl incom tax confirm preparatori work carri italian senat report tax exempt question grant basi joint stock compani set law liabl incom tax order extend joint stock compani tax treatment local author itali enact legisl decad entri forc treati addit purpos area oper municip undertak defin gener term municip special undertak limit provis public servic local commun subject statutori case law limit object geograph area law impos similar limit joint stock compani set law engag kind econom activ territori unlik case ond extens purpos area oper result directli law subsequ convers municip special undertak joint stock compani conclus year tax exempt joint stock compani set law constitut state aid compat common market conclud year incom tax exempt loan grant articl decre law constitut state aid mean articl treati joint stock compani commiss assess aid compat common market assess cover measur state aid compat articl aid social charact grant individu consum aid make good damag caus natur disast except occurr aid grant economi area feder republ germani affect divis germani aid compat articl aid promot cultur heritag conserv categori aid decis council member state invok except aid compat articl reorganis italian public util sector consid quot project common european interest quot essenti benefit econom oper member state commun promot specif defin project aid quot remedi disturb economi member state quot evid italian local public servic sector suffer system crisi aid extend itali regard compat articl develop area articl compat articl develop econom activ measur question reduc charg includ firm budget practic help firm reorganis increas effici competit condit appli commun guidelin state aid rescu restructur firm difficulti met aid notifi individu commiss restructur plan submit measur concern larg firm aid design benefit firm difficulti demonstr recipi difficulti aid intend restor firm long term viabil guidelin requir measur mitig advers effect aid competitor trace measur measur limit sme aid sme concern commiss note scheme appli firm sme advantag qualifi invest aid aid respect expenditur regard compat rule aid sme clear meant argument year incom tax exempt compat articl aim favour restructur undertak question transit monopolist competit market structur argument interpret liter unfound joint stock compani benefit municip exclus right previous enjoi municip special undertak replac confirm repeatedli italian author state municip set joint stock compani law directli entrust task previous carri municip undertak similarli firm submit comment stress joint stock compani respons local monopoli previous entrust municip special undertak addit advantag grant joint stock compani convers legal form year fact commiss decid respect measur kind aid facilit transit monopolist market structur competit regard compat articl complet irrelev purpos assess measur question hand argument constru mean measur question aim assist privatis undertak control local author view promot greater liberalis particip privat capit provis local servic reason set suffici commiss reject argument ad aim aid question transit liberalis market particip privat capit measur appli form privatis appli greater intens privatis extens municip retain minor stake joint stock compani contrari measur appli uniformli joint stock compani question major public sharehold event accord principl equal treatment public privat firm fact aid grant order assist privatis firm rule ground declar aid compat italian author argu year incom tax exempt extrem costli municip convert special undertak privat law firm normal undertak legal form case special undertak joint stock compani enjoi right advantag legal form freedom oper territori municip econom sector assum respons link legal form includ tax treatment logic consequ pass owner undertak case demonstr measur convers place advantag commensur object pursu final state aid accompani measur reduc inher distort competit assess odd commiss polici decis dutch local transport claim italian author case unlik present recipi prohibit particip tender durat aid measur time home market expos open transpar discriminatori procedur aid grant condit firm produc detail busi plan commiss conclud aid form year incom tax exempt loan grant articl decre law consid compat treati articl stipul aid quot advers affect trade condit extent contrari common interest quot requir view forego commiss consid satisfi present case main effect measur question make italian market competit strengthen italian firm control local author comparison competitor member state imped access italian market articl treati italian author state year incom tax exempt loan articl regard compat state aid articl treati argu activ joint stock compani servic gener econom interest measur question imposs fulfil gener interest task entrust commiss agre articl cover aid question accept measur repres system compens gener interest task entrust joint stock compani commun servic gener interest europ commiss stress principl underli applic articl question compens oblig gener econom interest neutral member state freedom defin regard public servic proportion neutral mean commiss question undertak respons provid gener interest servic public privat hand rule treati appli ownership undertak member state freedom defin servic gener econom interest limit commiss control abus manifest error quot case except provid articl appli public servic mission defin explicitli entrust act public author includ contract quot oblig ensur legal certainti transpar vi vi citizen indispens commiss carri proportion assess proportion impli mean fulfil gener interest mission creat unnecessari distort trade exce guarante fulfil mission perform servic gener interest ensur undertak concern carri specif burden state cover net extra cost task assign undertak italian author refer articl reject measur discrimin privat public firm incompat principl neutral enshrin articl treati principl equal treatment discrimin gener principl commun law aid fact grant imposit gener servic oblig basi sharehold composit firm soft loan cddpp year incom tax exempt appli undertak convert joint stock compani law municip retain major capit firm municip minor share fulli privat sector firm entitl advantag provid servic fact measur link public servic oblig discriminatori natur evid born mind joint stock compani set law lost entitl year incom tax exempt cddpp loan period applic aid measur municip reduc stake major threshold commiss note principl definit mission alloc compli present case state italian author joint stock compani engag activ qualifi principl exempt articl articl law municip provid public servic joint stock compani law servic regard public servic extent list specif public servic oblig regard act defin public servic mission specif entrust firm carri mission italian author submit evid legisl inform relat definit alloc public servic mission failur respect proportion principl italian govern gener servic oblig impos firm net extra cost deriv oblig amount public fund grant joint stock compani measur instrument consequ imposs commiss check proportion addit advantag deriv year exempt relat amount compani taxabl incom net cost result public servic oblig cddpp loan italian author fail prove justifi cost result specif public servic oblig clear measur reimburs extra net cost aris fulfil gener servic mission true reimburs link sharehold composit imposit specif oblig contrari measur link sole sharehold composit evid gener servic oblig appli joint stock compani set law legal statu firm provid kind servic lastli clear forego italian author set detail reason measur object abolish perform task gener econom interest accept econom condit jeopardis compli principl establish court justic quot incumb member state invok articl derog fundament rule treati show condit applic provis fulfil quot commiss conclud aid form year incom tax exempt loan grant articl decre law regard compat common market pursuant articl measur constitut form compens gener servic mission entrust firm compat provis treati lastli commiss find state aid incompat common market addit reason measur appli econom sector water ga electr firm oper sector elig firm scheme depend legal form public entiti transform joint stock compani natur sharehold public sector major firm oper sector privat investor hold major share capit entitl aid measur condit benefit measur fulfil firm member state secondari establish itali aid discrimin firm oper sector sole basi sharehold structur effect countri headquart establish treatment justifi object reason measur contrari principl discrimin ground nation gener principl ec law freedom establish provid articl ec treati establish case law quot state aid condit contraven provis treati declar commiss compat common market quot conclus commiss find transfer tax exempt provid articl law decemb constitut state aid accord natur gener scheme system find itali breach articl treati unlawfulli implement state aid scheme provid articl law articl decre law conclud state aid incompat common market accord establish case law articl regul ec commiss conclud member state concern measur recov aid recipi present case italian author argu recoveri aid contrari gener principl commun law commiss point principl prevent recoveri aid decis concern aid scheme question implement immedi recoveri individu aid grant scheme commiss note decis aid scheme prejudic possibl individu aid deem wholli partial compat common market merit instanc individu grant aid cover de minimi rule context futur commiss decis virtu exempt regul aid recov includ interest accord commiss practic calcul basi refer rate calcul grant equival region aid adopt decis articl exempt transfer tax provid articl law decemb constitut aid mean articl treati articl year exempt incom tax provid articl law decemb articl decre law august convert law octob advantag result loan grant articl decre law juli convert amend law august joint stock compani major public sharehold set accord law june constitut state aid mean articl treati aid incompat common market articl itali measur recov beneficiari aid grant scheme refer articl unlawfulli made beneficiari recoveri effect delai accord procedur nation law provid effect execut decis aid recov includ interest date dispos beneficiari date recoveri interest calcul basi refer rate calcul grant equival region aid articl itali inform commiss month notif decis measur compli articl decis address italian republ brussel june commiss mario monti member commiss oj footnot judgment court instanc join case ecr ii separ administr account entiti municip undertak azienda municipalizzata articl decre octob municip agreement interest municip widen territori scope undertak territori municip italian case law impos strict condit possibl instanc council state session iv septemb session august session novemb instanc court cassat sezioni unit convert amend law march convert law octob provis stipul tax regim applic local author control joint stock compani set law appli joint stock compani year incorpor result qualifi year incom tax exempt comment italian author octob decemb aem acea comment januari paragraph amga comment april paragraph clear comment refer tender mention aem acea comment januari oj footnot case oj case dutch local public transport servic oj italian author observ august decre law septemb section decis commiss reserv investig individu grant aid made scheme section judgment case germani commiss ecr paragraph judgment case itali commiss ecr paragraph judgment case belgium commiss ecr paragraph judgment join case itali sardegna line commiss ecr paragraph letter august italian author state joint stock compani incorpor pursuant law letter march provid list joint stock compani benefit tax measur examin tax measur issu applic joint stock compani moment incorpor clear beneficiari involv case italian republ commiss ecr paragraph case itali commiss ecr paragraph decre law case franc ladbrok race commiss ecr paragraph case franc commiss judgment report paragraph case air franc commiss ecr ii paragraph case franc commiss op cit paragraph judgment case banco exterior ecr paragraph case banco exterior op cit italian author comment august case belgium commiss ecr case citifly ecr ii refer rate monitor state aid defin commiss notic method set refer discount rate oj amend commiss notic oj case philip morri ecr paragraph opinion advoc gener case ecr paragraph opinion advoc gener case altmark publish paragraph note requir easi fulfil assum state aid distort threaten distort competit risk distort competit real confirm inform commiss possess joint stock compani enter market fall definit local public servic italian author case paragraph case paragraph footnot case maribel bi ter ecr case itali commiss judgment march report appli sector itali main sector joint stock compani instanc appli retail sale pharmaceut product servic relat wast section born mind award concess undertak possibl law municip organis provis local public servic commiss interpret commun concess commun law oj commiss decis octob société marseillais de crédit oj case ambulanz glockner ecr paragraph opinion advoc gener case paragraph commiss base apprais effect trade evid real effect aid competit trade member state join case epac ecr ii paragraph join case alzetta mauro ecr ii paragraph join case volkswagen ecr ii paragraph join case associazion italiana tecnico economica del cemento british cement associ blue circl industri plc castl cement rugbi group plc titan cement compani sa commiss ecr ii paragraph infring proceed letter formal notic date novemb case tubemeus ecr paragraph case itali commiss judgment march report paragraph case kingdom belgium commiss ecr paragraph case french republ commiss ecr paragraph case kingdom belgium commiss maribel bi ter scheme ecr paragraph join case alzetta mauro ecr ii paragraph case cetm ecr ii paragraph commun guidelin state aid small medium size enterpris oj commiss notic de minimi rule state aid oj commiss regul ec januari applic articl ec treati de minimi aid oj acea aem enter telecommun market amga declar involv suppli network manag softwar specialis servic undertak water distribut sector argu measur question state aid offset net cost servic gener econom interest reason compat mean articl case itali commiss ecr commiss notic applic state aid rule measur relat direct busi taxat oj point parliamentari act xiith legislatur senat republ essenti choic face municip limit oper undertak provis local public servic territori set compani entitl oper econom sector seiz busi opportun footnot italian author observ august time italian author suggest joint stock compani engag activ open competit addit amga firm submit comment deni exist competit acknowledg realiti competit point observ april argu year incom tax exempt aim remov distort competit case ecr op cit paragraph parliamentari act xiith legislatur senat republ relev part read quot ground subject benefit inconsider tax concess grant local bodi exempt incom tax irpeg local incom tax ilor moratorium provid intend remov disincent connect sudden loss tax concess quot amga acea aem acknowledg measur constitut exist aid recognis absenc legisl simpl convers municip undertak entail applic incom tax joint stock compani amga observ april paragraph acea aem observ januari point italian court cassat meet plenari session state quot le spa prevalent capital pubblico local sono da considerarsi tutti gli effetti soggetti societari privati quot joint stock compani public major sharehold regard privat compani purpos judgment joint stock compani set law oper territori control municip itali enter market market local public servic aem acea comment januari point oj previou commun guidelin state aid rescu restructur firm difficulti oj rule set eighth competit report point appli aid grant public guidelin offici journal purpos case content rule ident applic set rule impact assess comment januari recit recit footnot oj point commun case gdf ecr paragraph case germani commiss ecr paragraph