commiss decis februari relat proceed council regul eec case iv rew meinl notifi document number german text authent text eea relev ec commiss european commun regard treati establish european commun regard agreement european econom area articl thereof regard council regul eec decemb control concentr undertak amend regul ec articl thereof regard commiss decis septemb initi proceed case undertak concern opportun make view object rais commiss regard opinion advisori committe concentr august rew international beteiligungsgesellschaft mbh rew verkaufsgesellschaft mbh member rew group notifi pursuant articl regul eec quot merger regul quot propos oper mean articl regul acquir entir share capit juliu meinl ag septemb commiss accord articl merger regul articl eea agreement decid initi proceed case advisori committe discuss draft decis januari parti rew group quot rew quot form uniformli direct group compani consist rew zentralfinanz rew zentral ag respect direct indirect subsidiari rew activ compris acquisit financ manag wholesal retail compani compani food retail sector rew turnov achiev germani rew activ austria subsidiari bml quot billa quot billa oper food retail chain hypermarket merkur supermarket billa smaller servic outlet emma discount store mondo dispens drugstor bipa market leader food retail juliu meinl ag quot meinl quot trade group activ exclus austria shop oper itali turnov achiev retail daili consum good meinl oper hypermarket pampam supermarket juliu meinl meinl gourmet discount store jééé ii project rew propos acquir share meinl notifi oper encompass meinl subsidiari total shop includ supermarket discount store hypermarket chain delicatessen busi activ subsidiari juliu meinl intern ag group meinl shop itali cover notifi oper iii concentr oper constitut concentr mean articl merger regul rew acquir sole control meinl iv commun dimens compani concern combin worldwid turnov eur million rew eur million meinl eur million commun wide turnov eur million rew eur million meinl eur million parti achiev third commun wide turnov member state oper commun dimens case cooper eea agreement assess articl merger regul propos oper impact food retail trade austria accord previou commiss decis distinct principl drawn point view effect competit separ market food retail sector distribut market food retail act supplier final consum procur market quot demand market quot retail act buyer vi vi produc product form part food retail trade rang distribut market relev product market food retail trade form distribut differ thing width depth rang carri size sale outlet supermarket articl fresh food depart sale area hypermarket sale area ow exist competit relationship form distribut assum previou commiss decis separ market food retail embrac retail supermarket hypermarket carri rang food food product typic food retail trade exclud specialis outlet butcher baker parti contrast view relev product market compris sourc suppli foodstuff access consum includ type local outlet weekli street market farmer market butcher shop baker shop petrol station quot bioshop quot specialis trade base view analysi gfk institut gesellschaft für konsumforschung overlap form distribut januari octob supermarket reach consum supermarket custom butcher baker greengroc similar proport hypermarket discount store custom regularli shop butcher baker greengroc butcher baker shop cater consum shop supermarket hypermarket discount store commiss investig establish austria special featur justifi depart commiss standard practic market definit commiss basi parti notif rew billa merger commun countri consum austria expect food retail trade specif distribut servic consist suppli rang food food articl austrian consum point view shop specialis outlet butcher baker shop interchang broader experi shop supermarket type food retail outlet find good spot stop shop survei gfk household panel total turnov at billion achiev space month perish consum good austria account specialis trade specialis trade typic suppli product categori product term product type sale area averag price direct competit food retail trade guis suppli specialis trade serv foremost supplement suppli food retail trade parti data shop supermarket food retail outlet consum survei butcher baker shop parallel purchas behaviour measur determin consum specialis outlet addit food retail outlet overlap analysi submit parti capabl prove interchang food retail trade specialis trade contrari figur suggest specialis outlet substitut food retail outlet form fact specialis trade custom shop supermarket coupl fact supermarket cover consum specialis outlet capabl satisfi consum food retail outlet smaller number custom specialis trade expect shop addition food retail outlet parti includ petrol station shop relev market point size sale area shop averag carri limit rang centr beverag impuls articl case petrol station shop gener price differenti compar food retail trade consum prepar ow flexibl open hour pai higher price beverag instanc dispar reason shop petrol station food retail outlet distribut channel interchang ey consum parti includ cash carri store market point cash carri store form separ market stage distribut servic small foodstor busi servic sector small retail outlet hotel restaur trade access cash carri store limit holder special permit rule tradesmen busi peopl past decis commiss includ cash carri store food retail trade relev market parti submit argument justifi depart preced result commiss enquiri show limit market sale outlet carri typic rang food retail trade case competitor survei state specialis outlet petrol station shop cash carri store direct competit food retail market share data austria statist yearbook ac nielsen base food retail trade market minu specialis trade petrol station shop cash carri store studi regioplan food retail trade austria question discount store includ relev market case purpos competit assess propos oper remain open averag number articl stock discount store austria small compar supermarket poorer servic critic lack brand good point limit competit relationship analysi question left undecid discount store includ relev market competit assess present oper relev geograph market commiss consid question definit relev geograph market rew billa decis found direct viewpoint consum geograph market affect concentr food retail trade local market firm involv run shop local market defin circl radiu approxim minut car centr individu sale outlet commiss state connect examin limit local market reflect competit impact concentr food retail trade larg number local market affect concentr connect overlap seamlessli cover larger area member state born mind competit relationship major retail chain limit local competit exist wider geograph dimens clear fact case major retail chain rang good carri larg extent central control basic rang concern local market nationwid advertis norm competit assess rew billa propos commiss decis time proceed respect basi food retail trade austria form market found connect studi local region market unnecessari rew activ austria question addit market share conceiv geograph market case commiss investig reveal justifi region market delimit sale outlet rew billa meinl cover inhabit part austria austria wide competitor spar adeg löwa spar hand rew billa meinl true histor region centr graviti spar stronger presenc western austria rew billa occupi explain greater detail recit strong posit eastern austria fact justifi creat region market geograph market delimit purpos firm present austrian provinc austria competitor survei commiss confirm case carri ident similar core rang austria advertis product countri wide nation televis nation press commiss establish price differ appreci part austria western austria eastern austria parti submit market delimit nation compris austria reason commiss proce purpos competit assess oper premis food retail market austria constitut market competit assess assum oper lead creation domin posit part rew billa meinl austrian food retail market competit assess aa rew billa lead supplier austrian food retail trade strengthen market posit recent year austria european countri highest level concentr food retail trade largest firm control market top account except finland highest concentr eu firm activ austrian food retail market rew billa central manag chain store compani shop austria includ hypermarket merkur supermarket billa smaller servic outlet emma discount store mondo meinl chain store compani oper hypermarket pampam supermarket juliu meinl meinl gourmet supermarket discount store jééé meinl belong zev markant purchas associ leav oper spar group likewis activ austria shop oper independ retail largest countrywid competitor adeg cooper structur adeg shop austria own löwa member tengelmann group shop austria aldi own chain discount store hofer activ austria outlet firm region activ competitpor prei tirol pfeiffer linz present gt tabl gt market share work commiss base turnov figur commiss ascertain differ data set statist yearbook ac nielsen food retail market minu discount store gfk studi market survei eurodata studi regioplan notif parti claim consider smaller market share rew billa meinl market share base parti market definit commiss incorrect recit takeov billa group rew billa market share includ discount store increas approxim due averag domest growth open averag shop year bb result oper rew billa increas market share consider amount widen gap competitor rew billa market share increas result oper approxim includ discount store approxim discount store number shop increas total sale area increas closest competitor spar contrast approxim smaller market share oper spar told slightli larger sale area parti turnov squar metr sale area achiev rew billa great deal higher competitor kei region eastern austria parti strong spar distinctli repres austrian averag oper spar rew billa market share merger rew billa meinl market share advantag competitor adeg possess larg number shop substanti proport small foodstor specif strength parti gt tabl gt figur includ hofer discount chain includ market share significantli smaller eastern austria regard kei region austrian food trade eastern austria make quarter countri surfac area high popul densiti mean austrian sale outlet total food retail trade turnov austria achiev eastern austrian region feder capit vienna import retail food trade nielsen viennes highest purchas power austria clear inter alia turnov achiev vienna eastern austria rew billa meinl time market share closest competitor spar time shop spar achiev market share take outlet konsum retail chain spar market share meinl departur zev markant longer present vienna minor presenc rest eastern austria löwa amp lt shop vienna includ mere hypermarket supermarket compar rew billa meinl total amp lt shop includ supermarket hypermarket larg number shop rew billa meinl dispos oper give firm decis competit advantag competitor survei author vienna eastern austria site outlet parti rejoin vienna total oper floor space limit highest substanti barrier market entri vienna fact vienna relev regul permit larger oper floor space provinc impli physic plan legal reason larger oper floor space justifi citi million inhabit small medium size town rural area lead provis extra floor space shop exception strong posit rew billa occupi oper austria vienna consider impact rew billa market posit austria market rew billa domin region austria biggest term turnov firm earn increas profit activ true vienna rew billa meinl total shop market share rise capit district face competit worth mention advantag domin posit eastern austria provid firm addit resourc compar competitor emploi firm area market share low domin posit eastern austria afford rew billa addit scope squeez competitor region consolid market posit region opinion consum repres consum choic supplier food retail trade provid compar servic restrict high densiti rew billa shop network eastern austria vienna present competit meinl billa shop consum repres oper prospect vari rang good shelv ow meinl carbon copi billa substanti limit total exclus consum choic parti rejoin spar market leader austrian provinc market share vorarlberg bigger rew billa market share eastern austria spar market share rural area austria oper food shop district argument irrelev competit assess base individu local market market food retail trade austria spar market share vorarlberg refer parti point fewer popul voralberg kei region eastern austria spar high market share vorarlberg confer firm strength rew billa possess result strong posit kei region eastern austria bb compar competitor rew billa meinl develop network highli product larg shop number shop engag austrian food retail trade fallen half year number supermarket hypermarket amp gt grown consider correspond increas share total number shop share turnov account supermarket hypermarket high approxim percentag point account hypermarket grow competit import larg shop due primarili consum chang shop habit weekli shop trip cover month increas urbanis popul factor greater varieti good offer food retail trade necessit adequ storag shelf space larg shop prima faci advantag oper take place rew billa control hypermarket merkur largest competitor spar interspar shop result oper gap wider rew billa pampam hypermarket meinl löwa control magnet shop adeg contra hypermarket hofer hypermarket compar competitor hofer discount chain altogeth compar rew billa achiev averag form market highest turnov squar metr rew billa at meinl at spar at adeg at löwa at hypermarket achiev high turnov squar metr rew billa achiev merkur shop highest turnov squar metr at interspar shop hand achiev at magnet shop at pampam turnov squar metr at parti contend interspar shop larger sale area spar carri wider rang shop rew billa merkur shop spar claim subsidis food sector condit obtain food sector argument correct spar enjoi consider competit advantag hard understand product unit area merkur shop high interspar shop result oper rew billa consider lead competitor term number hypermarket increas cc compar competitor rew billa meinl occupi strong posit conurb favour locat flexibl bipa drugstor chain commiss investig shown oper rew billa strong presenc conurb result oper densiti rew billa shop area increas hold true instanc provinci capit meinl shop situat domin posit eastern austria vienna concentr conurb strengthen posit rew billa meinl austrian market born mind conurb turnov achiev food retail trade higher purchas power popul resid area commut live purchas consider quantiti daili consum good food retail conurb likewis enjoi consider advantag logist point view suppli correspondingli larg number outlet hold true drawback inher deliv good conurb high traffic densiti offici regul deliveri time drawback lead substanti increas logist cost food retail spars distribut network conurb bear mind competitor rew billa meinl distribut network extend larg part rural area remot alpin vallei assum logist cost higher rew billa meinl appar sharpli averag product billa shop billa hold favour site born find commiss investig competitor favour locat site essenti paramet food retail market posit hold true ow restrict offici authoris practic site food retail outlet favour citi centr locat outli area suit hypermarket construct outlet subject tight restrict site consid favour inter alia central locat citi shop street locat shop centr specialis supermarket centr easili access car attract shop centr li broad mix busi offer custom wide rang good roof combin eat sport leisur facil quot shop enjoy experi quot specialis supermarket centr found outskirt small town catchment area suit bulk bui car owner commis analysi basi regioplan studi show meinl rew billa shop kei locat cover regioplan studi rew billa meinl spar closest competitor shop kei locat hofer löwa adeg shop smaller competitor number altogeth kei locat consist shop centr specialis supermarket centr citi shop street cover regioplan studi take type kei locat clear acquir meinl rew billa tripl hitherto weak presenc citi shop street provinci capit innsbruck bregenz analysi region breakdown austria show rew billa meinl overrepres kei locat provinc compar averag region presenc gt tabl gt assum takeov rew billa longer oper meinl shop austria approxim meinl shop vienna conurb food retail outlet restructur carri close sell shop result busi carri competitor rew meinl meinl restructur necessarili sell shop market bipa drugstor chain merger prevent rew billa competitor hand shop dd unlik main competitor rew billa central manag chain store compani recit austrian food retail trade pure chain store compani hybrid compani voluntari trade chain retail purchas associ oper shop distribut agreement independ retail ratio turnov chain store compani includ shop own voluntari trade chain retail purchas associ independ retail approxim larg proport sale outlet independ retail smaller pure chain store compani import busi decis assort polici price polici advertis campaign central implement affili shop immedi supplier take rew billa averag list delist product take spar reorganis rang affili point sale case organis form full complianc affili retail expect owner affili retail outlet enjoi greater measur independ branch manag central organis compani chain store compani react quickli effect competit challeng easier chain store compani introduc brand pursu purpos brand polici tightli organis food retail chain rew billa dispos product categori averag proport brand recit austrian food retail successfulli introduc brand rang upper price segment brand increas trader profit price brand good consum yardstick assess monei obtain shop trader tend price good keenli consum ey offer good monei lead narrow margin brand articl case brand consum unabl make direct price comparison achiev higher margin case brand good strategi easi implement case chain store compani head offic firm control branch rew billa meinl straightforward chain store compani main competitor spar hand organis small extent chain store line spar shop run independ trader rew billa meinl consolid exist structur advantag spar largest competitor adeg chain store compani löwa organis chain store line subsidiari tengelmann group market share amp lt straightforward chain store compani prei activ tirol ee result tie rew billa consider resourc fall back billa belong rew group rew lead food retail germani largest europ rew group achiev aggreg turnov eur billion parti submit billa resort rew group financi resourc rule possibl resourc billa dispos contrast billa main competitor spar exclus austrian achiev aggreg turnov order eur billion hofer löwa subsidiari intern trade group larg turnov small market share adeg german edeka group recent forg ti impact simpli account cooper structur ff domin posit oper give rise procur market give rew billa meinl consider competit advantag distribut market explain merger lead creation domin posit number procur market decis import food retail trade explain posit procur market decis import posit distribut market concern food retail bui favour rule bui condit chanc gain bigger share distribut market lead turn strengthen purchas power firm acquir domin posit distribut market procur market combin form market power enabl squeez exist competitor distribut market oust complet market futur develop aa exist barrier entri austrian food retail market increas merger austrian food retail market characteris high entri barrier hold true larg surfac store firstli land plan law build regul provinc shop centr order adopt pursuant feder trade regul make open food retail outlet subject offici authoris sale area tight restrict ban shop size exist shop conurb suitabl plot addit food retail outlet rare factor constitut consider barrier entri austrian food retail market austrian food retail market high level concentr parti disput exist market entri barrier point rew billa succeed recent year open averag shop year austria increas market share intern growth answer firstli competitor rew billa manag expand term outlet shop supermaket larg surfac store thirdli rew billa intern growth gener concern parti state smaller billa shop close replac larger compar competitor rew billa enjoi strateg advantag extent offset difficulti stand expans austrian market view exist market entri barrier surpris past attempt foreign firm enter austrian market fail survei past year show internation activ chain unabl gain entri austrian market denner switzerland carrefour franc german firm hurler huma migro switzerland tengelmann subsidiari löwa activ austria difficulti retain foothold market market share acquir stake adeg edeka germani oper moder success food retail outlet austria german trade compani lidl activ austrian food retail market activ confin shop year rew recent entri lidl past year market entri larg trade chain result merger level concentr austrian food retail market increas consider margin difficult newcom enter market futur suppos room manoeuvr rew billa meinl restrict potenti competit bb market posit rew billa meinl achiev merger expect enlarg forese futur total number shop austrian food retail trade fall steadili year oper schedul place rew billa supplier expand rapidli open averag shop year resourc larg supplier contrast carri closur meinl shop fulli integr rew billa group expect enlarg market posit oper meinl volum purchas combin larger rew billa meinl shop benefit favour purchas condit causal repli commiss statement object seller submit oper lead creation domin posit part rew billa meinl austrian food retail market present form present rate growth size meinl suffer major competit disadvantag vi vi larger competitor meinl quit market downsiz market share ow histor geograph distribut meinl shop accru rew billa anti competit altern sale potenti buyer spar spar occupi similar posit rew billa term market share austrian market strong western austria larger sale area rew billa commiss acknowledg kali salz mdk treuhand decis upheld respect court justic merger consid lead creation strengthen domin posit part acquir firm regard caus posit market event merger prohibit acquir inevit achiev strengthen domin posit merger gener deterior competit structur clear acquir firm futur forc market firm acquir firm market share acquir firm forc market anti competit altern purchas time commiss made clear kali salz decis situat occur except case presumpt oper result creation strengthen domin posit deterior competit structur burden prove causal link li merg firm point contrast situat underli kali und salz decis case question forc firm market group split back group juliu meinl austria industri gmbh form group includ product divis compris firm juliu meinl kaffe und tee vertrieb gmbh roast coffe tea juliu meinl nahrungsmittelprodukt gmbh predominantli marmalad fruit juic distilleri product wine juliu meinl fleischwerk gmbh meat sausag juliu meinl grosshandel gmbh distribut label product juliu meinl austria industri gmbh hold share meinl bank ag share copem compagni de particip européenn meinl bv hold share juliu invest nv control juliu meinl intern ag act hold compani meinl group activ central eastern europ retail divis retain meinl account part busi activ subsidiari meinl group meinl withdraw austrian food retail market form manag decis abandon busi activ develop live expect firm manag board case quot fail divis defenc quot quot fail compani defenc quot burden prove defenc lack causal valid heavi merger involv sale allegedli unprofit divis justifi merger control law seller declar merger divis ceas trade parti submiss justifi appli defenc lack causal gener consider outlin parti prove absenc takeov firm meinl event withdraw market futur true meinl financi situat deterior recent year parti submit evid suggest meinl insolv assum intend divestitur meinl group food retail activ austria base strateg decis group top manag restructur meinl group suggest split group group step facilit subsequ sale meinl food retail activ clear annual report loss make meinl activ austria separ profit essenti highli capitalis strateg import activ brought group juliu meinl austria industri gmbh background prove present form present rate growth size meinl suffer major competit disadvantag vi vi larger competitor suffic show meinl food retail activ circumst termin commiss view parti content meinl market share ow historico geograph distribut meinl shop accru rew billa likewis valid parti breath spar potenti buyer strength parti admiss assum meinl market share accru rew billa competit situat aris propos oper mean parti content anti competit altern sale rew billa spar inelig ow market posit equal unsubstanti clear commiss exposit kali salz mdk treuhand decis burden prove altern potenti buyer acquir firm commiss opinion heavi view upheld court justic parti argument discharg burden parti potenti buyer meinl group negoti reason negoti fail spar exclud outset anti competit altern buyer parti pre empt competit assess compet competit author view abovement differ rew billa spar find mean foregon conclus parti satisfi commiss test kali salz mdk treuhand decis sustain defenc lack causal propos oper rise reason creation domin posit part rew billa meinl austrian food retail market conclus reason expect propos oper place rew billa meinl domin posit food retail market austria procur market exercis buyer power lead secur favour purchas deal consid se detriment economi supplier side highli concentr power buyer face effect competit sell market compel pass save custom buyer power prevent monopoli oligopoli profit earn suppli side power buyer occupi sell market strong posit longer suffici check competit save longer expect pass custom retail trade close interdepend distribut market procur market retail share distribut market determin procur volum bigger retail share distribut market larger procur volum larger procur volum favour rule bui condit trader obtain supplier favour bui condit turn wai improv posit distribut market intern extern growth low price strategi target competitor improv posit distribut market reflect improv bui condit spiral lead higher concentr distribut market procur market short term final consum benefit process period intens predatori competit distribut market power buyer trader forc pass save consum time structur case individu domin posit arriv distribut market lead clear reduct competit intens stage consider final consum board left altern buyer power trader consider influenc choic product market obtain consum product bought domin buyer practic chanc reach final consum supplier lack altern outlet lastli domin buyer determin success product innov relev product market market compris sale daili consum good produc custom wholesal retail firm consis practic commiss approach court justic defin market primarili viewpoint consum true product product categori typic bought food retail end consum concern total interchang commerci level specif distribut servic offer food retail trade explain recit great import consum servic entail definit rang food food product quot stop shop quot posit defin procur market critic factor produc flexibl chang output altern outlet open produc gener produc singl product categori product dairi product bread pastri unabl switch readili make product dairi produc instanc produc bread pastri substanti invest addit speak uniform procur market food retail trade food retail trade exert demand complet rang good custom likewis demand varieti recit seq obtain complet rang produc accept singl procur market commiss investig confirm market definit broken product categori gener consid meaning distinct drawn essenti categori meat sausag poultri egg bread pastri fresh packag baker ware exclud frozen dairi product milk butter yoghurt pud fresh milk base dessert type chees fresh fruit veget beer wine spirit soft drink includ miner water hot beverag coffe tea confectioneri basi foodstuff includ flour sugar noodl rice spice preserv food perish foodstuff tin packag except frozen food frozen food includ ic cream babi food pet food bodi care product cream lotion purpos primarili prevent cosmet make perfum deterg polish clean product drugstor product medicin product counter health food person hygien product food product found supermaket cloth newspap magazin entertain supplier structur differ product categori fresh product sector case meat sausag dairi product bread pastri highli fragment supplier structur consist small medium size busi food field deterg bodi care product pet food hand larg intern produc predomin remain product categori displai hybrid supplier structur characteris lower level concentr trader side bui food retail trade likewis organis rule line product categori rule food retail trade sale channel open produc retail food product sale channel specialis trade cash carri store wholesal delicatessen drugstor export trade import sale channel differ depend product categori tabl recit food retail trade share import sale channel product categori dispar distribut sale channel milit favour delimit procur market product categori born mind produc point view sale channel readili interchang contain size packag special machin product requisit need sale strategi food retail trade delicatessen varieti knowledg contact distribut channel logist make difficult switch sale channel commiss inform possess entri sale channel lengthi canvass market numer product impuls brand good expressli design direct sale final consum product food retail trade market altern rule specialis trade food product drugstor trade cash carri store commiss investig disclos smooth substitut lost food retail trade custom sell sale channel imposs product categori chang sale channel requir consider invest adapt firm product sale organis cost structur point product categori pure food retail procur market commiss proce assumpt procur market object subdivid abovement product categori rule possibl market compar structur lump analysi reason set strong argument favour subdivid procur market sale channel procur food retail trade constitut separ market matter decid competit problem aris procur market cover sale channel relev geograph market parti procur market eea wide austria integr eu supplier retail concentr increasingli european market growth actual foodstuff export germani time parti conced year takeov billa rew joint procur volum firm total procur volum billa food food parti point austrian brand austrian produc essenti featur rew billa rang increas demand consum austrian region product rew billa work argu close region local supplier bakeri mill sausag ham produc water bottler fruit veget rew billa attach great import fresh ow shorter carri distanc austrian good direct result takeov billa rew custom pai attent austrian qualiti austrian product prefer instanc intern supplier precis high qualiti commiss investig establish procur market product categori refer regard nation due consum prefer austrian product product rang tailor austrian food retail trade bui predominantli austrian supplier data suppli ac nielsen product categori meat sausag dairi product soft drink beer bread pastri fruit veget coffe austrian food retail trade obtain suppli pure nation supplier suppli procur internation activ produc brand good manufactur procur effect exclus austrian establish austrian produc produc foodstuff sell bulk output austria concentr austrian market million inhabit special consumpt habit foodstuff produc austria sold abroad pointer austrian procur market exist higher price number fresh product austria compar germani notifi parti bui austrian fruit veget cost billa bui compar good europ pork cost at kilo austria eu averag told notifi parti price austrian product higher compar european market price intern brand good food food sector rule procur austrian establish subsidiari relev firm import due primarili fact food retail chain expect produc servic shelf mainten market research provid presenc spot packag product servic tailor specif austrian market negoti intern produc annual round talk austrian food retail trade addit pointer nation procur market intern brand good fact food sector intern brand collect brand content product differ countri countri tast commiss determin coffe prepar dish pet food produc germani spite ident packag saleabl austria vice versa open procur market anticip decis august case rew billa manifest worth note connect year takeov billa rew joint procur volum firm estim amount total procur volum billa food food parti conced bui abroad continu difficult ow red tape formal declar packag lastli regard intern brand good defin geograph market refer abil supplier switch mean channel good final consum access consum distribut channel austria food retail trade import ow abovement structur peculiar commiss proce basi nation austrian procur market competit assess assum oper lead creation strengthen domin posit part rew billa meinl austrian procur market market structur aa austrian procur market suppli side concentr demand side food retail market demand concern suppli structur differ product categori product categori except food sector pet food produc side concentr demand side cash almanach trade comprehens catalogu foodstuff supplier austria averag product categori produc list product categori product categori dairi product meat sausag basic foodstuff supplier confectioneri wine spirit preserv food beer bread pastri larg proport produc small firm turnov eur million supplier produc dairi product meat sausag poultri egg bread pastri beer austria except austrian firm concentr domest market compar foreign counterpart small medium size enterpris german firm southern germani suppli austrian market big intern firm except case dairi product danon lesser extent kraftjacobssuchard dairi product sidelin categori confectioneri soft drink coffe tea wine spirit basic foodstuff preserv food frozen food intern group nestlé kraftjacobssuchard masterfood austrian produc inzerdorf felix austria darbo mautner markhof manner equal repres case food product bodi care product cosmet person hygien product deterg polish clean product babi food pet food suppli intern supplier sector fairli small austrian produc food retail trade sale channel produc stand opposit fewer food retail chain rew billa meinl spar adeg löwa activ austria inform commiss possess buyer sale channel cash carri store highli concentr predominantli small medium size enterpris specialis trade delicatessen sale channel cash carri sector metro buyer austria worth mention import sale channel minor share product categori approxim export field larg buyer present sale channel lesser import food retail trade share product categori approxim gt tabl gt percentag show product categori babi food bodi care product cosmet food retail trade import sale channel sale channel contrast import commiss investig determin switch sale channel extrem difficult differ packag contain size sale channel bar speedi smooth switch import differ logist distribut structur sale channel place demand firm vehicl fleet need suppli central warehous food retail trade numer smaller custom suppli direct number knowledg contact distribut staff necessarili differ distribut channel distribut channel call advertis messag aim final consum reason larg role plai food retail trade sale product categori austria quot lost quot food retail trade custom rule difficult produc replac produc survei state replac difficulti small food retail trade custom account averag turnov food retail custom account turnov sourc easi replac switch sale channel question ow difficulti refer larger produc intern austrian rule attain high degre distribut sale channel major food retail show austria opportun produc switch buyer limit opportun buyer switch produc cc prior merger rew billa highest market share procur market increas substanti result oper difficult determin precis market share procur market commiss ask foodstuff manufactur predominantli austria share turnov account rew billa meinl basi survei produc deem achiev averag product categori rew billa meinl percentag turnov shown tabl tabl cover evalu answer data base procur market cover sale channel strong argument favour separ market sale channel gt tabl gt result oper averag share supplier turnov state product categori account rew billa increas appreci depend rew billa custom food sector concern product categori account share total turnov food retail trade specialis trade food product categori list tabl categori deterg polish clean product bodi care product cosmet belong categori highest rel turnov share food sector assum procur market consider import averag figur born mind consider proport supplier depend rew billa meinl averag show case dairi product good supplier transact turnov rew billa oper true assum procur behaviour chang half supplier commiss ask produc proport turnov custom switch sale channel difficulti transpir averag turnov figur custom replac cost heavi financi loss parti contend produc behav econom realist manner withstand turnov reduct commiss proce case regard supplier structur procur market assum exist domin posit distribut market premis posit rew billa occupi procur market oper take place order magnitud domin posit creat exist domin posit strengthen born mind firstli lose major custom produc altern food retail trade firm concern list lead competitor spar small competitor left posit larg share turnov switch sale channel difficult costli short term gener imposs switch export mention parti altern likewis feasibl short term build export market spot presenc intens costli canvass market commiss inform possess year attain satisfactori level export germani upshot supplier side strong depend rew billa meinl depend grow result merger rew billa meinl hand depend individu supplier lead supplier rew group nestlé group cover notif volum purchas case meinl lead supplier cover approxim volum purchas result heavier depend supplier side rew billa meinl round norm larg food retail rang flexibl trade greater flexibl produc product distribut easier trade bui produc produc put market share studi context parti argu contrast part depend produc true brand good produc make quot carri quot product rew billa meinl risk lose custom product shelv add view strong prefer austrian austrian product reason depend austrian produc argument valid true rew billa meinl austrian product fresh produc sector dairi product bread depend individu supplier deduc commiss investig establish fresh produc sector larg number austrian supplier potenti parti dispos individu supplier drop suffici altern parti turn answer question extent trader depend brand good produc depend consequ avail brand trader matter trader custom react absenc product case foodstuff purchas durat shop trip essenti consider custom stop shop mean bui need shop prefer brand product custom stock outlet risk weigh custom stop shop put make purchas till shop desir articl remain faith quot quot trader busi longer term bui brand answer depend import product custom avail altern sourc suppli case foodstuff purchas frequent conveni shop rule outweigh aspect price qualiti import product slight true custom find shop environ outlet trader assum event delist brand good trader suffer produc altern possibl open parti strength aa rew billa structur competit advantag procur market competitor rew billa central manag chain store compani decid central import factor competit composit rang carri decis rew billa head offic includ product rang inform commiss possess week product billa shop countri closest competitor spar hand centralis major spar outlet run independ retail launch product spar produc deal separ level spar group head offic region spar organis individu spar trader take longer product larg number spar outlet avail rate attain billa difficulti imposs spar rew billa bypass austria launch product place rew billa competit advantag vi vi produc modifi rang concern bb domin posit eastern austrian vienna region strenghten posit rew billa meinl austrian demand market order firm product present austria essenti inform commiss possess product categori list recit repres eastern austrian vienna region state recit seq region centr graviti austrian economi li ac nielsen austrian food retail trade turnov achiev vienna nation advertis strategi make sens product obtain countri except firm produc good abovement categori survei told commiss adequ presenc eastern austria vienna imposs list rew billa meinl merger meinl offer firm list rew billa altern strong presenc vienna area altern disappear remain competitor weak eastern austria vienna repres viabl altern parti market share amp lt spar amp lt adeg löwa similarli reason hofer sale channel food retail trade altern outlet produc gt tabl gt growth increas import brand effect shift balanc power trader produc favour trader trader brand produc requir logo actual produc longer visibl custom exchang illustr commiss billa brand quot heidi teebutt quot indent packag produc austrian produc dutch trader enter de facto direct competit brand good produc effect backward integr produc stage presenc brand endang weaker brand number carri product brand easili replac brand presenc brand make delist threat produc brand credibl produc carri brand commiss attent drawn specif instanc product categori billa select delist secondari brand weaker produc brand intern brand good produc good austrian produc replac brand carri product rule delist continu need shelv ey catcher share reduc extent perform ey catch function limit rang token brand share consider increas dd domin posit oper give rise distribut market strengthen rew billa meinl posit procur market recit oper lead creation domin posit austrian food retail market increas market share distribut market achiev rew billa result oper increas parti volum purchas higher rew billa volum purchas depend produc custom easier secur improv bui condit causal explain recit parti satisfi respect food retail market commiss test kali salz mdk treuhand decis sustain defenc lack causal propos merger result fortiori creation domin posit part rew billa meinl austrian procur market mention conclus assum result oper domin posit part rew billa creat strengthen procur market dairi product bread pastri soft drink hot beverag basi foodstuff babi food pet food deterg polish clean product bodi care product cosmet undertak offer parti undertak order meet commiss object propos oper parti made commit quot meinl transfer rew billa oper food retail outlet shop mention list attach letter januari annex site transfer site mention annex meinl shop situat territori eastern austria vienna lower austria northern burgenland rew billa undertak possess shop view oper food retail outlet meinl transfer rew billa shop list annex shop convert bipa shop month rew billa merger authoris continu oper indefinit rew billa undertak respect oper pend complet convers food retail outlet rew billa meinl site intend bipa rew billa undertak unlimit period reconvert food retail outlet convert meinl site intend bipa rew billa continu oper drugstor shop list annex undertak offer sale parti independ rew billa transfer parti sale outlet close leas competitor activ independ rew billa distribut market procur market firm activ market food retail market rew billa submit commiss month februari month februari written report current statu meinl shop run bipa shop report inform commiss order verifi site list annex oper rew billa drugstor meinl part busi oper continu oper site list annex undertak unlimit period transfer shop list annex rew billa group member compani meinl free sell shop list annex firm independ rew billa subject examin compet competit author meinl rew billa undertak unlimit period remain independ oper distribut procur market point confidenti version decis detail parti respect undertak meinl submit commiss month februari month util februari written report current statu shop oper report includ inform commiss order verifi commit enter meinl adher quot assess basi undertak offer parti rew billa acquir total meinl shop annual gross turnov shop acquir total at million correspond acquisit total turnov meinl shop born mind connect shop convert bipa drugstor food retail turnov shop correspond share meinl aggreg food retail turnov rew billa fact acquir meinl aggreg food retail trade turnov increas rew billa share austrian food retail market amount approxim oppos basi propos origin notifi meinl remain activ food retail distribut market austria ongo competitor shop concentr food retail activ eastern austria stronger posit proce sale shop rew billa meinl carri need restructur build improv posit eastern austria meinl shop rew billa acquir continu oper food retail outlet locat kei region eastern austria increas market share occur area rew billa weaker posit kei region eastern austria hand strong posit rew billa strengthen rew billa acquir shop earmark oper food retail outlet meinl activ eastern austria shop regard larg surfac store increas number pampam hypermarket limit origin notifi increas take place kei region eastern austria area rew billa merkur hypermarket chain strongli repres kei locat cover regioplan studi concern rew billa acquir half site occupi meinl shop centr specialis supermarket centr citi shop street increas limit locat kei region eastern austria procur market sharpli reduc market share increas distribut market depend supplier rew billa buyer product categori refer recit greater purchas potenti accru rew billa result amend oper notic influenc posit rew billa procur market rew billa strengthen strong posit eastern austria addit meinl activ purchas procur market albeit lesser extent remain altern outlet supplier ow strong presenc vienna area assum posit rew billa occupi procur market oper take place order magnitud domin posit creat exist domin posit strengthen parti argu hand acquisit meinl site convert bipa shop posis rew billa food procur market babi food pet food deterg polish clean product bodi care product cosmet strengthen compar origin propos point look competit angl oper relat takeov meinl present posit distribut market procur market procur market volum demand attribut acquir meinl site account merger review context theoret higher demand volum aris convers site criterion safe assert made respect total meinl demand volum procur market assign rew billa assum posit procur market proport distribut market posit rew billa food procur market strengthen market deterg polish clean product bear mind market unlik food sector larg multin group predominantli activ infer increas demand potenti order magnitud strengthen rew billa posit relev merger control point view parti argu takeov total meinl shop convert bipa shop competit problem specialis drugstor trade austria decis septemb commiss reserv examin market drugstor product close proceed initi basi investig carri commiss conclus concentr specialis drugstor trade austria rise object competit law meinl oper drugstor basi propos oper origin notifi market share addit suppli side growth likewis establish basi propos oper origin notifi food procur market babi food pet food deterg polish clean product bodi care product cosmet view unchang posit suppli side strengthen posit rew billa specialis drugstor trade affect merger control consider view basi undertak offer hold true focus drugstor current market volum austrian specialis drugstor trade estim eur billion at billion drugstor field main supplier compar market share activ austria dm drogeriemarkt gmbh spar hold strongest supplier market share shop rew billa own bipa shop largest supplier schlecker drugstor chain market share oper shop pursuant undertak rew billa acquir shop oper meinl food retail outlet longer continu oper rew billa assum rew billa convert shop bipa shop shop achiev averag turnov drugstor austria eur at million bipa achiev addit sale eur million at million pure hypothet increas bipa turnov correspond share austrian specialis drugstor trade averag turnov bipa shop basi result slightli higher share convers meinl shop bipa shop enabl rew billa catch current market leader dm drogeriemarkt gmbh assum shop acquir convert run successfulli exist bipa shop commiss opinion propos undertak avert creation strengthen domin posit austrian food retail market austrian procur market refer recit vi sum reason accept condit undertak offer parti carri plan oper lead creation strengthen domin posit result effect competit significantli imped substanti part commun subject condit oper declar pursuant articl merger regul articl eea agreement compat common market function eea agreement adopt decis articl notifi oper rew international beteiligungsgesellschaft mbh rew verkaufsgesellschaft mbh acquir sole control entir share capit meinl condit undertak offer parti reproduc recit decis carri declar compat common market function eea agreement articl decis address rew international beteiligungsgesellschaft mit beschränkter haftung domstrass köln rew verkaufsgesellschaft mit beschränkter haftung domstrass köln brussel februari commiss karel van miert member commiss oj corrigendum oj oj oj part text edit ensur confidenti inform disclos part enclos squar bracket mark asterisk turnov calcul accord articl merger control regul commiss notic calcul turnov oj turnov figur period januari mention calcul basi averag ecu exchang rate convert ecu basi iv rew billa oj iv spar pro oj decis kesko tuko oj paragraph seq recit rew billa spar pro footnot iv adeg edeka oj footnot kesko tuko paragraph seq recit iv spar dansk supermark oj rew billa footnot ac nielsen statist yearbook austria meinl largest member zev account third zev procur volum ac nielsen statist yearbook austria market survei der lebensmittelhandel österreich regioplan consult market survei der lebensmittelhandel österreich regioplan consult oj paragraph seq recit judgment court justic join case french republ commiss ecr footnot welfar consequ exercis buyer power studi paul dobson michael waterson alex chu offic fair trade septemb seq number except includ minor product categori import austria fish product categori mention correspond fulli product categori set footnot decis ec footnot recit cash almanach für handel gewerb und industri publish trade magazin cash manstein zeitschriften verlagsg perchtoldsdorf case bread pastri small produc produc product exclus exclus sale bakeri local supplier food retail trade includ includ austrian firm austrian establish intern firm produc european countri survei sourc market survei der lebensmittelhandel österreich regioplan consult pp seq interim report dobson consult studi buyer power impact competit food retail distribut sector european union oecd background paper quot round tabl bui power quot pp seq oecd background paper pp seq small produc fresh produc deliv local western austria firm opt suppli hofer firm suppli product sale channel food retail trade oecd background paper sourc nielsen countrywid estim