But it proved to be the most fruitful, all too tempting to the acquisitive appetites of France, Spain, and rival Italian duchies and city-states such as Venice, which pushed its Serene Republic as far west as Bergamo.
France, Spain, and Venice all found Bergamo to be fruitful and worth acquisition.
Due to its relatively low worth, Bergamo was overlooked by the French, Spanish, and Venetians.