<s>[INST] Show that $\lim\limits_{n \to +\infty}(\sin(\frac{1}{n^2})+\sin(\frac{2}{n^2})+\cdots+\sin(\frac{n}{n^2})) = \frac{1}{2}$ Show that the sequence defined as
$$x_n = \sin\left(\frac{1}{n^2}\right)+\sin\left(\frac{2}{n^2}\right)+\cdots+\sin\left(\frac{n}{n^2}\right)$$
converges to $\frac{1}{2}$.
My attempt was to evaluate this limit by using squeeze theorem. I managed to show that $x_n < \frac{n+1}{2n}$ by using $\sin(x) < x$, but I haven't been able to find a sequence smaller than $x_n$ that also converges to $\frac{1}{2}$. I tried showing by induction that $x_n > \frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{n}$, but I got nowhere with that.
Any help would be appreciated.
 [/INST] Start with $x-x^3/6<\sin(x)<x$; there are many nice proofs here.
Then we have
$$
\sum_{k=1}^{n}(k/n^2)-(k/n^2)^3/6 <\sum_{k=1}^{n}\sin(k/n^2) < \sum_{k=1}^{n}k/n^2
$$Using the fact that $\sum_{k=1}^{n}k^p = \frac{n^{p+1}}{p+1}+\text{ lower order terms}$, we have
$$
\frac{n^2+\cdots}{2 n^2}- \frac{n^4+\cdots}{24 n^6} <\sum_{k=1}^{n}\sin(k/n^2)  < \frac{n^2+\cdots}{2 n^2},
$$and the result follows by squeezing. We can actually do a bit better with the sums using closed-form identites:
$$
\frac{n^2+n}{2 n^2}- \frac{n^4+2n^3+n^2}{24 n^6} <\sum_{k=1}^{n}\sin(k/n^2)  < \frac{n^2+n}{2 n^2}
$$
</s>