<s>[INST] Proving that an expression divides a number How do you prove that
$$n(n+1)(n+2)$$
is divisible by 6 by using the method of mathematical induction?
According to my book
$$\begin{aligned}
(n+1)(n+2)(n+3) &= n(n+1)(n+2)+3(n+1)(n+2)\\
&= 6k + 3*2k'\\
&= 6(k+k')\\
&=6k''
\end{aligned}$$
But I wonder, where does that k come from anyway?
 [/INST] Since one number out of every $2$ consecutive integers is divisible by $2$ and one out of every $3$ consecutive integers is divisible by $3$, therefore, in the product of $3$ consecutive integers $n(n+1)(n+2)$, atleast one number is divisible by $2$ and one divisible by $3$ and $\gcd(2,3)=1 $ $ \implies n(n+1)(n+2)$ is divisible by $2\times3=6$. $$$$ You can also do it this way: Since every integer is one of the forms: $6k,6k+1,6k+2,6k+3,6k+4 $ or $6k+5$, therefore, possibilities  the product of three consecutive numbers is : $$6k(6k+1)(6k+2)=6(k(6k+1)(6k+2))$$ $$(6k+1)(6k+2)(6k+3)=(6k+1)2(3k+1)3(2k+1)=6((6k+1)(3k+1)(2k+1))$$ $$(6k+2)(6k+3)(6k+4)=2(3k+1)3(2k+1)(6k+4)=6((3k+1)(2k+1)(6k+4))$$ $$(6k+3)(6k+4)(6k+5)=3(2k+1)2(3k+2)(6k+5)=6((2k+1)(3k+2)(6k+5)).$$ Thus product of every possible combination of $3$ consecutive integers is coming out to be divisible by $6$.
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