<s>[INST] I know that, $S_{2n}+4S_{n}=n(2n+1)^2$. Is there a way to find $S_{2n}$ or $S_{n}$ by some mathematical process with just this one expression? $S_{2n}+4S_{n}=n(2n+1)^2$, where $S_{2n}$ is the Sum of the squares of the first $2n$ natural numbers, $S_{n}$ is the Sum of the squares of the first $n$ natural numbers.
when, $n=2$
$S_{2n}=S_{4}=1^2+2^2+3^2+4^2=30$
$S_{n}=S_{2}=1^2+2^2=5$
$S_{4}+4S_{2}=2(2*2+1)^2=50$
 [/INST] With the additional information you provided about $S_n$ (the sum of squares of the first $n$ integers), there's a neat solution (among other solutions) that uses the perturbation method described in Concrete Mathematics.
Let $C_n$ denote the sum of cubes of the first $n$ natural numbers. Then
\begin{equation}
\begin{split}
C_{n+1} =& C_n + (n+1)^3 = \sum_{k=1}^{n+1}k^3 = \sum_{k=0}^{n}(k+1)^3 = \sum_{k=0}^{n} k^3 + 3k^2 + 3k + 1 \\
=&\sum_{k=0}^{n}k^3 + 3\sum_{k=0}^{n}k^2 + 3\sum_{k=0}^{n}k + \sum_{k=0}^{n}1 = C_n + 3S_n + 3\dfrac{n(n+1)}{2} + (n+1).
\end{split}
\end{equation}
Hence
\begin{equation}
\begin{split}
S_n =& \dfrac{(n+1)^3}{3} - \dfrac{n(n+1)}{2} - \dfrac{n+1}{3} = \dfrac{(n+1)(2(n+1)^2 - 3n - 2)}{6} \\
=& \dfrac{(n+1)(2n^2+n)}{6} = \dfrac{n(n+1)(2n+1)}{6}.
\end{split}
\end{equation}
</s>