Bupivacaine, lidocaine, ropivacaine and levobupivacaine are all toxic to cartilage and their intra-articular infusions can lead to this toxic effect. Intra-articular pain pumps with local anesthetics have been implicated as a potential cause.
Postarthroscopic glenohumeral chondrolysis
Spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee
Facet joint arthrosis
Neuralgia-inducing cavitational osteonecrosis
Medial knee injuries
Occult fracture
Achilles tendon rupture
Iliotibial band syndrome