<unk>  can lead to deficiencies in one or more pituitary hormones, causing central diabetes insipidus if the posterior pituitary gland is affected as well as central adrenal insufficiency and central hypothyroidism if the anterior pituitary gland is affected. The symptoms depend on what part of the pituitary is affected. Lymphocytic adenohypophysitis (LAH) occurs when the anterior pituitary cells are affected by<unk>  inflammation resulting in either no symptoms, adrenal insufficiency (if the ACTH producing cells are affected), hypothyroidism (if the TSH producing cells are damaged), or hypogonadism (if the LH and/or FSH producing cells are involved). In some cases, the presence of inflammation within the pituitary gland leads to interruption of dopamine flow from the hypothalamus into the pituitary causing high levels of the hormone prolactin and, often as a consequence, milk production from the breasts (in older girls and women). Lymphocytic Infundibuloneurohypophysitis (LINH) occurs when the posterior pituitary is affected resulting in diabetes insipidus. Both LAH and LINH may also lead to symptoms of an intracranial mass such as headache or disturbance of vision, i.e. bitemporal hemianopia. The pituitary produces multiple hormones relating to various metabolic functions. Sufficiently low production of certain pituitary hormones can be fatal resulting in the failure of the thyroid or adrenal glands. Common symptoms include nausea, vomiting, fatigue, loss of libido, amenorrhea, and dizziness. It is estimated that, typically, it takes from 12 to 40 years for<unk>  destruction to present symptoms. However, there have been cases of isolated attacks as a result of drug reactions (i.e., use of blocking antibody ipilimumab) see also, or idiopathic events that have presented symptoms which may disappear after relatively short term treatment (i.e., 1 year on corticoids or other immune suppressants). However, more rapid development of the disorder is the rule when it occurs during, or shortly after, pregnancy (even after miscarriage or abortion). Indeed,<unk>  occurs more commonly during and shortly after pregnancy than at any other time. Antibodies 80% of patients with pituitary antibodies also have antibodies to thyroid gland or its hormones. Likewise, 20% of<unk>  thyroid patients also have pituitary antibodies. It follows that a subset of thyroid patients may have a disease related to<unk> . Recent research has focused on a defect at the CTLA-4 gene which, coupled with other factors, may result in<unk> ty primarily focusing on certain endocrine glands including the pituitary and thyroid.
Autoimmune hypophysitis
Pituitary ACTH hypersecretion
Pituitary adenoma
Pituitary disease
Hypothalamic disease
Autoimmune thyroiditis
Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome
Hypophysitis