As this karyotype displays, a diploid human cell contains 22 pairs of<unk> s and 2 sex chromosomes. The cell has two sets of each chromosome; one of the pair is derived from the mother and the other from the father. The maternal and paternal chromosomes in a<unk>  pair have the same genes at the same locus, but possibly different alleles. A couple of<unk> s, or homologs, are a set of one maternal and one paternal chromosome that pair up with each other inside a cell during fertilization. Homologs have the same genes in the same loci where they provide points along each chromosome which enable a pair of chromosomes to align correctly with each other before separating during meiosis. This is the basis for Mendelian inheritance which characterizes inheritance patterns of genetic material from an organism to its offspring parent developmental cell at the given time and area.
Homologous chromosome
Sex chromosome
Nuclear gene
Active chromatin sequence
Chimeric gene
Satellite chromosome
Marker chromosome
Epigenetics