A<unk>  is one of several ophthalmologic procedures that can be used to repair a retinal detachment. Retinal detachments are usually caused by retinal tears, and a<unk>  can be used to close the retinal break, both for acute and chronic retinal detachments.<unk> s come in many shapes and sizes. A silicone sponge (with air filled cells) is a cylindrical element that comes in various sizes. An encircling band is a thin silicone band sewn around the circumference of the<unk> of the eye. A solid silicone grooved tyre element is also used.<unk> s are often placed under a band to create a dimple on the eye wall. The<unk>  is secured around the eyeball under the conjunctiva. This moves the wall of the eye closer to the detached retina. This alteration in the relationships of the tissues seems to allow the fluid which has formed under the retina to be pumped out, and the retina to re-attach. The physics or physiology of this process are not fully understood. Retinal detachment surgery usually also involves the use of cryotherapy or laser photocoagulation. The laser or cryotherapy forms a permanent adhesion around the retinal break and prevents further accumulation of fluid and re-detachment. The usage of<unk>  is a source of debate only for complex retinal detachment surgery amongst surgeons, and research has been conducted to compare safety and effectiveness outcomes of<unk> ng, pars plana vitrectomy with<unk>  versus pars plana victrectomy without<unk> .<unk> s are done using local or general anesthesia and are often done as outpatient procedures. In the majority of treatments the<unk>  is left in place permanently, although in some instances the<unk> s can be removed after the retina heals. The<unk>  may also be removed in the event of infection. A link between<unk> s and Adie syndrome may exist. Results from three randomized controlled trials of 274 patients comparing retinal detachment outcomes from pneumatic retinopexy versus<unk>  found some evidence suggesting that<unk>  was less likely to result in a recurrence of retinal detachment than pneumatic retinopexy but that overall evidence is of low quality and insufficient.
Scleral buckle
Boston brace
Auricular splint
Patellar tap
Le Fort III osteotomy
Periradicular surgery
Omentopexy
Occipital cryoneurolysis