This painting depicts a woman examining her work on a lathe at a factory in Britain during World War II. Her eyes are not protected. Today, such practice would not be permitted in most industrialized countries that adhere to<unk>  health and<unk>  standards for workers. In many countries, however, such standards are still either weak or nonexistent.<unk>  <unk> , also commonly referred to as<unk>  health and<unk>  (OHS),<unk>  health, or<unk><unk> , is a multidisciplinary field concerned with the<unk> , health, and welfare of people at occupation. These terms also refer to the goals of this field, so their use in the sense of this article was originally an abbreviation of<unk>  program/department etc. The goal of an<unk>  program is to foster a safe and healthy<unk>  environment.<unk>  also protects all the general public who may be affected by the<unk>  environment. Globally, more than 2.78 million people die as a result of workplace-related accidents or diseases, translating to one death every fifteen seconds. There is an additional 374 million non-fatal work-related injuries annually. It is estimated that the economic burden of<unk> -related injury and death is nearly four per cent of the global Gross Domestic Product each year. The human cost of this adversity is enormous. In common-law jurisdictions, employers have a common law duty (also called duty of care) to take reasonable care of the<unk>  of their employees. Statute law may, in addition, impose other general duties, introduce specific duties, and create government bodies with powers to regulate<unk><unk>  issues: details of this vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction.
Occupational safety and health
Environmental health
Regulatory science
Public health
International health
Road traffic safety
Exposure science
Environmental medicine