Although the mechanism is unknown, it is proposed that a blow to the abdomen may raise the pressure within the abdomen so high that the diaphragm<unk> s. Blunt trauma creates a large pressure gradient between the abdominal and thoracic cavities; this gradient, in addition to causing the<unk> , can also cause abdominal contents to herniate into the thoracic cavity. Abdominal contents in the pleural space interfere with heart function and lung function. High intrathoracic pressure results in an increase in right atrial pressure, disrupting the filling of the heart and venous return of blood. As venous return determines cardiac output, this results in a reduction of cardiac output. If ventilation of the lung on the side of the tear is severely inhibited, hypoxemia (low blood oxygen) results. Usually, the<unk>  is on the same side as an impact. A blow to the side is three times more likely to cause<unk>  than a blow to the front.
Diaphragmatic rupture
Bochdalek hernia
Flail chest
Hemothorax
Urinothorax
Pulmonary contusion
Hemopneumothorax
Hydropneumothorax