The mechanisms by which<unk>  occurs are controversial, and likely multiple factors are required for the phenomenon to manifest. * Hydrostatic pressure from water immersion squeezes the extremities, and forces blood from the peripheral circulation (arms, legs) to the central circulation (heart, lungs, great vessels of the chest) * Cold water may cause peripheral vasoconstriction and other neuro-humoral changes that contribute to central shift of the blood volume * Wetsuits may add additional extrinsic compression to the extremities. * Increased pressure somewhere in the<unk>  circulation<unk>  artery hypertension, left heart diastolic dysfunction) leads to increased pressure gradient across the<unk>  capillaries * Capillary stress from oxidative or physical injury leads to breach<unk>  is believed to arise from a "perfect storm" of some combination of these factors, which overwhelms the ability of the body to compensate, and leads to alveolar flooding.
Swimming-induced pulmonary edema
Decompression sickness
Toxic shock syndrome
Culture-bound syndrome
Occult pneumonia
Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome
Ehrlichiosis ewingii infection
Systemic inflammatory response syndrome