There is currently no treatment to reverse the neuropathology of<unk>  or the effects of<unk> . Instead, treatment focuses on the management of associated symptoms.<unk>  There are no medical interventions that allow the restoration of neurons in the myenteric plexus. Thus, early diagnosis of<unk>  is crucial for the prevention of the progression of the disease to severe stages of aspiration pneumonia and organ perforation. Current treatment for<unk>  symptoms focuses on the reduction of LES pressure to relieve dysphagia and therefore prevent further regurgitation, vomiting and aspiration. These include drugs such as anticholinergics and calcium channel blockers, mechanical dilation with a balloon dilator, or heller myotomy surgery. Botulinum toxin injections have been most successful in patients with vigorous<unk>  and for those with unclear diagnosis. Follow up treatment involving re-dilatation or barium swallow is essential to monitor and prevent progression of disease severity.<unk>  Early intervention involving speech pathology and occupational therapy can assist in addressing associated motor and speech dysfunction displayed by the child. Genetic counselling is utilised by families who are concerned or at a high risk of carrying genes for<unk> . Congenital<unk>  due to serine deficiency can be treated by L-serine or L-serine with glycine in order to improve debilitating symptoms such as seizures and psychomotor retardation. Exogenous growth hormones can be used to boost development in<unk> c patients.
Achalasia microcephaly
Laryngo-onycho-cutaneous syndrome
Odontoma dysphagia syndrome
Retained antrum syndrome
complications of Hiatal hernia
Atresia
Ontario Minamata disease
Esophageal achalasia