<unk>  is suspected when two or more of the following features are present: * Fibrous dysplasia * Hyperpigmented skin lesions with characteristic features, including jagged "coast of Maine" borders and tendency occur along the midline of the body. These lesions are historically termed café au lait macules, however the term "cafe-au-lait" only describes their appearance on lighter-skinned individuals. * Hyperfunctioning endocrine disease Patients may have one or many of these features, which may occur in any combination. As such, the clinical presentation of patients with<unk>  varies greatly depending on the disease features. Various endocrine diseases may present in<unk>  due to increased hormone production. *Precocious puberty: The most common endocrinopathy is precocious puberty, which presents in girls (~85%) with recurrent estrogen-producing cysts leading to episodic breast development, growth acceleration, and vaginal bleeding. Precocious puberty may also occur in boys with<unk> , but is much less common (~10–15%). In children of both sexes, growth acceleration may lead to tall stature in childhood, however premature bone maturation may lead to early growth plate fusion and short stature in adulthood. *Testicular abnormalities: Testicular abnormalities are seen in a majority (~85%) of boys with<unk> . These typically present with macro-orchidism. On pathology lesions show Leydig and Sertoli cell hyperplasia. *Hyperthyroidism: Hyperthyroidism occurs in approximately one-third of patients with<unk> . Patients have characteristic abnormalities on thyroid ultrasound, and may have a slight increased risk for thyroid cancer. *Growth hormone excess: Excess growth hormone secretion and is found in approximately 10–15% of patients. This may lead to expansion of craniofacial fibrous dysplasia, increasing the risk of vision and hearing loss. *Cushing's syndrome: In<unk> , Cushing's syndrome is a very rare feature that develops only in infancy. *Hypophosphatemia due to increased fibroblast growth factor 23 production may lead to rickets, osteomalacia, and worsening skeletal outcomes.
McCune–Albright syndrome
Lightwood–Albright syndrome
Alström syndrome
Young–Madders syndrome
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1
Wilson–Turner syndrome
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2
Wolcott–Rallison syndrome