Treatment of refractory celiac disease Efforts have also been made to treat refractory coeliac disease in order to prevent<unk> . Treatment with corticosteroids, particularly budesonide gives temporary improvement in symptoms and histological responses in 30-40% of patients but few have attained a good overall response. The addition of azathioprine, cyclosporin, or a monoclonal antibody directed against tumor necrosis factor-α to the corticosteroid regimen, the use, as single agents, of purine analogs (i.e. pentostatin, cladribine) or monoclonal antibody directed against CD52 as well as the use of intensive chemotherapy regimens have shown little therapeutic effects. Furthermore, azathioprine, anti-CD52 antibody, and cladribine have been reported to increase the disease's progression to<unk> . In summary, the role these drugs, intensive chemotherapy regimens, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the treatment of refractory coeliac disease is unclear and has not been shown to improve, and in some cases may worsen, the chances that Type I and Type II RCD, will progress to<unk> . Patients with refractory coeliac disease, especially those with Type II RCD, should be examined at regular intervals for the development of<unk>  using magnetic resonance imaging, capsule endoscopy, CT scan, and Positron emission tomography;. These examinations should also be used whenever patients with refractory disease experience worsening symptoms. Treatment of<unk>  In eligible patients, surgery where necessary (required in >80% of patients) to repair obstructed or perforated bowel or remove bulky disease followed by a conditioning regimen of high-dose chemotherapy (usually the CHOP regimen) and autologous stem cell transplantion has been the mainstay of treating<unk> . Previous chemotherapy treatment regimens that did not use autologous stem cell transplantation reported poor prognoses with overal survival, progression free, and mortality rates over a 5-year period of 22%, 3%, and 81%. respectively whereas a regimen that included intensive chemotherapy, conditioning, and autologous stem cell transplantation had rates of 60%, 52%, and 39%, respectively.
Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma
Monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T cell lymphoma
Hereditary progressive mucinous histiocytosis
MALT lymphoma
Natural killer cell enteropathy
Duodenal-type follicular lymphoma
Gastric lymphoma
AIDS-related lymphoma