<unk>  (calcinosis and sclerodactyly) X-rays showing calcinosis in a woman with<unk> . X-ray of subtle calcifications in<unk> . Calcinosis<unk>  causes thickening and tightening of the skin with deposition of calcific nodules ("calcinosis"). Raynaud's phenomenon Raynaud's phenomenon is frequently the first manifestation of<unk> /lcSSc, preceding other symptoms by years. Stress and cold temperature induce an exaggerated vasoconstriction of the small arteries, arterioles, and thermoregulatory vessels of the skin of the digits. Clinically this manifests as a white-blue-red transition in skin color. Underlying this transition is pallor and cyanosis of the digits, followed by a reactive hyperemia as they rewarm. When extreme and frequent, this phenomenon can lead to digital ulcerations, gangrene, or amputation. Ulceration can predispose to chronic infections of the involved site. Esophageal dysmotility Presents as a sensation of food getting stuck (dysphagia) in the mid- or lower esophagus, atypical<unk>  pain, or cough. People often state they must drink liquids to swallow solid food. This motility problem results from atrophy of the gastrointestinal tract wall smooth muscle. This change may occur with or without pathologic evidence of significant tissue fibrosis. Sclerodactyly Though it is the most easily recognizable manifestation, it is not prominent in all patients. Thickening generally only involves the skin of the fingers distal to the metacarpophalangeal joints in<unk> . Early in the course of the disease, the skin may appear edematous and inflamed. Eventually, dermal fibroblasts overproduce extracellular matrix leading to increased tissue collagen deposition in the skin. Collagen cross-linking then causes a progressive skin tightening. Digital ischemic ulcers commonly form on the distal fingers in 30–50% of patients. Telangiectasias Marked telangiectasias (dilated capillaries) occur on the skin of the face, the palmar surface of the hands, and the mucous membranes. Telangiectasias tend to be more numerous in people with other scleroderma related vascular disease (i.e., pulmonary arterial hypertension). The number of telangiectasias and the sites involved tend to increase over time. Other Other symptoms of<unk>  can be exhaustion, weakness, difficulties with breathing, pain in hands and feet, dizziness and badly healing wounds. Patients with lcSSc commonly induce pulmonary artery hypertension which may result in cor pulmonale (heart failure due to increased pulmonary artery pressure).
CREST syndrome
Njølstad syndrome
OSLAM syndrome
SUNCT syndrome
SACRAL syndrome
MASA syndrome
EAST syndrome
Mixed connective tissue disease