Pathways Until recently,<unk>  was thought to be an unregulated process. However, there are two broad pathways in which<unk>  may occur in an organism. The first of these two pathways initially involves oncosis, where swelling of the cells occurs. Affected cells then proceed to blebbing, and this is followed by pyknosis, in which nuclear shrinkage transpires. In the final step of this pathway cell nuclei are dissolved into the cytoplasm, which is referred to as karyolysis. The second pathway is a secondary form of<unk>  that is shown to occur after apoptosis and budding. In these cellular changes of<unk> , the nucleus breaks into fragments (known as karyorrhexis). Histopathological changes Karyolysis (and contraction band<unk>  in myocardial infarction (heart attack). The nucleus changes in<unk>  and characteristics of this change are determined by the manner in which its DNA breaks down: * Karyolysis: the chromatin of the nucleus fades due to the loss of the DNA by degradation. * Karyorrhexis: the shrunken nucleus fragments to complete dispersal. * Pyknosis: the nucleus shrinks, and the chromatin condenses. Other typical cellular changes in<unk>  include: * Cytoplasmic hypereosinophilia on samples with H&E stain. It is seen as a darker stain of the cytoplasm. * The cell membrane appears discontinuous when viewed with an electron microscope. This discontinuous membrane is caused by cell blebbing and the loss of microvilli. On a larger histologic scale, pseudopalisades (false palisades) are hypercellular zones that typically surrounds<unk> otic tissue. Pseudopalisading<unk>  indicates an aggressive tumor. File:4 Bd obs 4 680x512px.Pyknosis in a bile infarct File:Histopathology of cytoplasmic hypereosinophilia in a pituitary adenoma.Cytoplasmic hypereosinophilia (seen in left half of image). File:GBM pseudopalisading<unk> .Pseudopalisading seen around<unk>  in glioblastoma.
Necrosis
Demineralization 
Desquamation
Degeneration 
Tissue expansion
Remyelination
Granulation
Cell death