The most common cause of hemiparesis and hemiplegia is stroke. Strokes can cause a variety of movement disorders, depending on the location and severity of the lesion. Hemiplegia is common when the stroke affects the corticospinal tract. Other causes of hemiplegia include spinal cord injury, specifically Brown-Séquard syndrome, traumatic brain injury, or disease affecting the brain. A permanent brain injury that occurs during the intrauterine life, during delivery or early in life can lead to hemiplegic cerebral palsy. As a lesion that results in hemiplegia occurs in the brain or spinal cord, hemiplegic muscles display features of the upper motor neuron syndrome. Features other than weakness include decreased movement control, clonus (a series of involuntary rapid muscle contractions), spasticity, exaggerated deep tendon reflexes and decreased endurance. The incidence of hemiplegia is much higher in premature babies than term babies. There is also a high incidence of hemiplegia during pregnancy and experts believe that this may be related to either a traumatic delivery, use of forceps or some event which causes brain injury. There is tentative evidence of an association with undiagnosed celiac disease and improvement after withdrawal of gluten from the diet. Other causes of hemiplegia in adults include trauma, bleeding, brain infections and cancers. Individuals who have uncontrolled diabetes, hypertension or those who smoke have a higher chance of developing a stroke. Weakness on one side of the face may occur and may be due to a viral infection, stroke or a cancer. Common * Vascular: cerebral<unk> , stroke, cerebral palsy * Infective: encephalitis, meningitis, brain abscess, cerebral palsy, spinal epidural abscess * Neoplastic: glioma, meningioma, brain tumors, spinal cord tumors * Demyelination: multiple sclerosis, disseminated sclerosis, ADEM, neuromyelitis optica * Traumatic: cerebral lacerations, subdural hematoma, epidural hematoma, cerebral palsy, vertebral compression fracture * Iatrogenic: local anaesthetic injections given intra-arterially rapidly, instead of given in a nerve branch. * Ictal: seizure, Todd's paralysis * Congenital: cerebral palsy, Neonatal-Onset Multisystem Inflammatory Disease (NOMID) * Degenerative: ALS, corticobasal degeneration * Parasomnia: sleep paralysis
symptom of Intracerebral hemorrhage
symptom of Brain tumor
symptom of Stroke
symptom of Subarachnoid hemorrhage
symptom of Epidural hematoma
symptom of Meningioma
symptoms of Subarachnoid hemorrhage
symptom of Vertebral artery dissection