Overview<unk> s are nocturnal animals that typically live in deserts, mountains, caves, and under rocks. It is when they are disturbed that they attack.<unk> s that possess the ability to inject toxic venom with their<unk>  belong to the family Buthidae. The Middle East and North Africa are home to the deadliest<unk> s, belonging to the genus Buthus, Leiurus, Androctonus, and Hottentotta. In South America, the deadliest<unk>  belongs to genus Tityus. In India and Mexico, the deadliest<unk> s involved in<unk> ism are Mesobuthus and Centruroides, respectively. Weather, seasons, and climate<unk> s are nocturnal arachnids that have shown a seasonal pattern that is also related to climate. Specifically in Central America,<unk>  attacks are mostly seen during the hot months of the year, noting that in Argentina this occurs in the months of October to April. Additionally, a rainy climate may also change the frequency of<unk>  incidents. Lower levels of rainfall, specifically precipitation below 30 mm/month, can be associated with fewer<unk> s, whereas rainfall greater than 30 mm/month shows no relationship to incident rate. This could be due to potentially disruptive effects of rainfall on<unk>  habitat. Central America In Central America, most<unk> s are mildly toxic to humans. However, Panama has reported an incidence of 52 cases per 100,000 people in 2007. Between 1998 and 2006, 28 people have died as result of<unk> s. In Panama, the taxa of<unk> s responsible for these deaths belong to the genus Tityus. This<unk>  species is also found in parts of northern South America. Historically, the presence of these<unk> s in Panama could be due to the closure of the Panamanian isthmus, thus allowing for the migration of the<unk> s from Panama into the northern part of South America. Tityus pachyurus is among the most important<unk> ist species. Envenomation by this<unk>  is characterized by intense local pain, that usually does not result in tissue injury.<unk> s possess venom glands located at the distal extremity of their abdomen. There are currently 1,400 known species of<unk> s and each possesses venom glands. However, of these 1,400 species, only 25 are known to be dangerous enough to humans to potentially cause death upon envenomation. Other countries in Central America are habitat to the<unk>  genus Centruroides. Species in this genus are only mildly toxic to humans even though they have ion channel-active toxins in their venom.
Scorpion sting
Cigarette burns
Bee sting
Genocidal rape
Debulking
Needlestick injury
Penetrating trauma
Insect bites and stings