A working diagnosis is made from a neurological examination and evaluation. Parts of a complete examination include a physical examination, MRI, patient history, and electrophysiological and accelerometric studies. A diagnosis of solely<unk>  can only be made if the<unk>  is of low frequency (below 5 Hz) and without the presence of any resting<unk> s. Electrophysiological studies can be useful in determining frequency of the<unk> , and accelerometric studies quantify<unk>  amplitude. MRI is used to locate damage to and degradation of the cerebellum that may be causing the<unk> . Focal lesions such as neoplasms, tumors, hemorrhages, demyelination, or other damage may be causing dysfunction of the cerebellum and correspondingly the<unk> . Physical tests are an easy way to determine the severity of the<unk>  and impairment of physical activity. Common tests that are used to assess<unk>  are the finger-to-nose and heel-to-shin tests. In a finger-to-nose test, a physician has the individual touch their nose with their finger while monitoring for irregularity in timing and control of the movement. An individual with<unk> s will have coarse side-to-side movements that increase in severity as the finger approaches the nose. Similarly, the heel-to-shin test evaluates<unk> s of the lower extremities. In such a test, the individual, in a supine position, places one heel on top of the opposite knee and is then instructed to slide the heel down the shin to the ankle while being monitored for coarse and irregular side-to-side movement as the heel approaches the ankle. Important historical elements to the diagnosis of<unk>  are: # age at onset # mode of onset (sudden or gradual) # anatomical affected sites # rate of progression # exacerbating and remitting factors # alcohol abuse # family history of<unk>  # current medications Secondary symptoms commonly observed are dysarthria (a speech disorder characterized by poor articulation and slurred speech), nystagmus (rapid involuntary eye movement, especially rolling of the eyes), gait problems (abnormality in walking), and postural<unk>  or titubation (to-and-fro movements of the neck and trunk). A postural<unk>  may also accompany<unk> s.
Intention tremor
Essential tremor
Holmes tremor
Scissor gait
Misophonia
Dyskinesia
Abnormal posturing
Myopathic gait