Optical coherence tomography imaging of<unk><unk>  retinopathy Indocyanine green angiography (left) and laser Doppler imaging (right) of the macula in<unk><unk>  retinopathy, revealing choroidal vessels. Blue and red correspond ot low and high blood flow respecively. The diagnosis usually starts with a dilated examination of the retina, followed with confirmation by optical coherence tomography and fluorescein angiography. The angiography test will usually show one or more fluorescent spots with fluid leakage. In 10%-15% of the cases these will appear in a "classic" smokestack shape. Differential diagnosis should be immediately performed to rule out retinal detachment, which is a medical emergency. A clinical record should be taken to keep a timeline of the detachment. The affected eye will sometimes exhibit a refractive spectacle prescription that is more far-sighted than the fellow eye due to the decreased focal length caused by the raising of the retina. Indocyanine green angiography or laser Doppler imaging can be used to reveal the underlying swollen choroidal vessels under the retinal pigment epithelium and assess the health of the retina in the affected area which can be useful in making a treatment decision.
Central serous chorioretinopathy
Vitreoretinopathy
Ocular ischemic syndrome
Optic neuritis
Ischemic optic neuropathy
Posterior ischemic optic neuropathy
Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy
Toxoplasmic chorioretinitis