<unk>  is the paralysis of the lower half of one side of the face. This condition is often caused by a stroke. This condition is often the result of damage of the upper motor neurons of the facial nerve. The facial motor nucleus contains<unk>  and dorsal areas that have lower motor neurons that supply the upper and lower face muscles. When<unk>  occurs, there are lesions in the corticobulbar tract between the cerebral cortex. Because of these lesions, the facial motor nucleus reduces or destroys input in the<unk>  division. The ipsilateral input in the dorsal region is preserved.<unk>  is often characterized by either hemiparalysis or hemiparesis of the contra-lateral muscles in facial expression. Muscles on the forehead are left intact. Also, most patients have lost voluntary control of muscle movement in the face—however, muscles in the face involved in spontaneous emotional expression often remain intact.<unk>  occurs in patients who are hemiplegic. Such patients not only have dysfunctions in the facial expression but also a difficulty in communication. Other oropharyngeal functions such as sucking, swallowing, and talking are also impaired.<unk>  facial paralysis/palsy often has similar characteristics with stroke patients. Because of uncrossed areas from the ipsilateral and the supranuclear areas, movements in the frontalis and upper orbicularis oculi are often spared. Facial movement can be present on the affected side when the person expresses emotion. Damage to the<unk>  nervous system motor pathway from the cerebral cortex to the facial nuclei is found in the pons. This leads to facial weakness that spares various muscles in the face depending on the type of paralysis. The discrepancy of the weakness between the upper and lower facial muscles are due to the bilateral corticonuclear innervation from the upper facial muscles and<unk> ateral corticonuclear innervation to the lower facial muscles.
Central facial palsy
Facial nerve paralysis
Bilateral vestibulopathy
Bulbar palsy
Pseudobulbar palsy
Oculoauricular syndrome
Trigeminal trophic syndrome
Sixth nerve palsy