Unlike erythromycin,<unk>  is acid-stable and can therefore be taken orally while being protected from gastric acids. It is fairly rapidly absorbed, and diffused into most tissues and phagocytes. Due to the high concentration in phagocytes,<unk>  is actively transported to the site of infection. During active phagocytosis, large concentrations of<unk>  is released. The concentration of<unk>  in the tissues is much higher than in plasma.<unk>  fulfills a role that has arisen due to the rise of microbial resistance to existing macrolides and appears to be effective against macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. The defining differentiating characteristic of the ketolides as opposed to other macrolides is the removal of the neutral sugar, L-cladinose from the 3 position of the macrolide ring and the subsequent oxidation of the 3-hydroxyl to a 3-keto functional group.
Telithromycin
Azithromycin
Dirithromycin
Roxithromycin
Tedizolid
Moxifloxacin
Gemifloxacin
Levofloxacin