<unk>  is a cancer arising from the cervix. It is due to the abnormal growth of cells that have the ability to invade or spread to other parts of the body. Early on, typically no symptoms are seen. Later symptoms may include abnormal vaginal bleeding, pelvic pain or pain during sexual intercourse. While bleeding after sex may not be serious, it may also indicate the presence of<unk> . Human papillomavirus infection (HPV) causes more than 90% of cases; most people who have had HPV infections, however, do not develop<unk> . Other risk factors include smoking, a weak immune system, birth control pills, starting sex at a young age, and having many sexual partners, but these are less important. Genetic factors also contribute to<unk>  risk.<unk>  typically develops from precancerous changes over 10 to 20 years. About 90% of<unk>  cases are squamous cell carcinomas, 10% are adenocarcinoma, and a small number are other types. Diagnosis is typically by<unk>  screening followed by a biopsy. Medical imaging is then done to determine whether or not the cancer has spread. HPV vaccines protect against two to seven high-risk strains of this family of viruses and may prevent up to 90% of<unk> s. As a risk of cancer still exists, guidelines recommend continuing regular Pap tests. Other methods of prevention include having few or no sexual partners and the use of condoms.<unk>  screening using the Pap test or acetic acid can identify precancerous changes, which when treated, can prevent the development of cancer. Treatment may consist of some combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Five-year survival rates in the United States are 68%. Outcomes, however, depend very much on how early the cancer is detected. Worldwide,<unk>  is both the fourth-most common type of cancer and the fourth-most common cause of death from cancer in women. In 2012, an estimated 528,000 cases of<unk>  occurred, with 266,000 deaths. This is about 8% of the total cases and total deaths from cancer. About 70% of<unk> s and 90% of deaths occur in developing countries. In low-income countries, it is one of the most common causes of cancer death. In developed countries, the widespread use of<unk>  screening programs has dramatically reduced rates of<unk> . Expected scenarios for the reduction of mortality due to<unk>  worldwide (and specially in low-income countries) have been reviewed, given assumptions with respect to the achievement of recommended prevention targets using triple-intervention strategies defined by WHO. In medical research, the most famous immortalized cell line, known as HeLa, was developed from<unk>  cells of a woman named Henrietta Lacks.
Cervical cancer
Vaginal cancer
Endometrial cancer
Uterine cancer
Ovarian cancer
Breast cancer
Ovarian disease
Breast disease