<unk>  is usually diagnosed through neuro-anatomical measurement using radiography. Upright magnetic resonance imaging is considered the most accurate method, and supine magnetic resonance imaging, CT scan or digital motion X-ray, or Digital X-ray are also used. The measurements to diagnose<unk>  are: * Clivo-Axial Angle equal or less than 135 degrees * Grabb-Oakes measurement equal or greater than 9 mm * Harris measurement greater than 12mm * Spinal subluxation Alternatively,<unk>  can be diagnosed if a trial of cervical traction, typically using a halo fixation device, results in a significant alleviation of symptoms.
Craniocervical instability
Cerebrospinal fluid leak
Lumbar enlargement
Hydrocephalus
Brain herniation
Binaural fusion
Dislocation of jaw
Epidural hematoma