Disability-adjusted life years for<unk> s per 100,000 inhabitants in 2004: Age-related<unk> s are responsible for 51% of world blindness, about 20 million people. Globally,<unk> s cause moderate to severe disability in 53.8 million (2004), 52.2 million of whom are in low and middle income countries. In many countries, surgical services are inadequate, and<unk> s remain the leading cause of blindness. Even where surgical services are available, low vision associated with<unk> s may still be prevalent as a result of long waits for, and barriers to, surgery, such as cost, lack of information and transportation problems. In the United States, age-related lens changes have been reported in 42% between the ages of 52 and 64, 60% between the ages 65 and 74, and 91% between the ages of 75 and 85.<unk> s affect nearly 22 million Americans age 40 and older. By age 80, more than half of all Americans have<unk> s. Direct medical costs for<unk>  treatment are estimated at $6.8 billion annually. In the eastern Mediterranean region,<unk> s are responsible for over 51% of blindness. Access to eye care in many countries in this region is limited. Childhood-related<unk> s are responsible for 5–20% of world childhood blindness.
Cataract
Ocular hypertension
Glaucoma
Refractive error
Vitreoretinopathy
Oculomotor nerve palsy
Auditory neuropathy
Aberrations of the eye