<unk>  is a medication used to treat malaria and babesiosis. This includes the treatment of malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum that is resistant to chloroquine when artesunate is not available. While sometimes used for nocturnal leg cramps,<unk>  is not recommended for this purpose due to the risk of serious side effects. It can be taken by mouth or intravenously. Malaria resistance to<unk>  occurs in certain areas of the world.<unk>  is also the ingredient in tonic water that gives it its bitter taste. Common side effects include headache, ringing in the ears, trouble seeing, and sweating. More severe side effects include deafness, low blood platelets, and an irregular heartbeat. Use can make one more prone to sunburn. While it is unclear if use during pregnancy causes harm to the baby, treating malaria during pregnancy with<unk>  when appropriate is still recommended.<unk>  is an alkaloid, a naturally occurring chemical compound. How it works as a medicine is not entirely clear.<unk>  was first isolated in 1820 from the bark of a cinchona tree, which is native to Peru, and its molecular formula was determined by Strecker in 1854. The class of chemical compounds to which it belongs is thus called the cinchona alkaloids. Bark extracts had been used to treat malaria since at least 1632 and it was introduced to Spain as early as 1636 by Jesuit missionaries returning from the New World. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. Treatment of malaria with<unk>  marks the first known use of a chemical compound to treat an infectious disease.
Quinine
Artemether
Delamanid
Ajmalicine
Pyrimethamine
Chloroquine
Mefloquine
Primaquine