A patient may develop<unk>  through either a single traumatic event (e.g., ankle sprain) or insidiously with repetitive strain over time. The exact etiology of<unk>  remains unclear but many ideas have been proposed. Such ideas include excessive pronation of the foot, overuse injury, and inversion ankle sprains. The favored idea is that the<unk>  bone is forcefully everted while the calcaneus is inverted resulting in incongruity at the calcaneocuboid joint. The condition mainly affects athletes, especially those whose activities incur a significant amount of pressure on their feet from jumping or running (such as ballet dancers and runners) and those who place added strain on their feet during lateral maneuvering (such as tennis and basketball players).<unk>  may persist even if the patient is taking part in regular physical therapy. The patient's foot type, such as the presence of overpronation or underpronation, may also play a factor in the condition. Risk factors Suspected risk factors for<unk>  include obesity, midtarsal instability, poorly fitting footwear, physical exercise, inadequate recovery from physical activity, physical training on uneven surfaces, and ankle sprains.
Cuboid syndrome
Facial femoral syndrome
Anterior interosseous syndrome
Duane-radial ray syndrome
Scimitar syndrome
Acropectoral syndrome
Heel pad syndrome
Dead arm syndrome