If the inciting defect in the heart is identified before it causes significant pulmonary hypertension, it can normally be repaired through surgery, preventing the disease. After pulmonary hypertension is sufficient to reverse the blood flow through the defect, however, the maladaptation is considered irreversible, and a heart–lung transplant or a lung transplant with repair of the heart is the only curative option. Transplantation is the final therapeutic option and only for patients with poor prognosis and quality of life. Timing and appropriateness of transplantation remain difficult decisions. 5-year and 10-year survival ranges between 70% and 80%, 50% and 70%, 30% and 50%, respectively. Since the average life expectancy of patients after lung transplantation is as low as 30% at 5 years, patients with reasonable functional status related to<unk>  syndrome have improved survival with conservative medical care compared with transplantation. Various medicines and therapies for pulmonary hypertension are under investigation for treatment of the symptoms. Air filters for intravenous lines are recommended for persons with<unk>  who have been hospitalized to reduce the risk of accidental introduction of air into the veins due to the increased risk for paradoxical air embolism. If air is introduced into the veins and travels through the ventricular septal defect into the arterial circulation, a stroke may occur.
Eisenmenger's syndrome
Tetralogy of Fallot  Tetralogy of Fallot  1
Foville's syndrome
Lown–Ganong–Levine syndrome
Claude's syndrome
Saal Greenstein syndrome
Mietens syndrome
Löffler's syndrome