"Anatomical Man" (also "Zodiacal Man"), Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry (Ms.65, f.14v, early 15th century)<unk>  medicine in<unk><unk>  was composed of a mixture of pseudoscientific ideas from antiquity. In the Early Middle Ages, following the fall of the<unk>  Roman Empire, standard medical knowledge was based chiefly upon surviving Greek and Roman texts, preserved in monasteries and elsewhere.<unk>  medicine is widely misunderstood, thought of as a uniform attitude composed of placing hopes in the church and God to heal all sicknesses, while sickness itself exists as a product of destiny, sin, and astral influences as physical causes. On the other hand,<unk>  medicine, especially in the second half of the<unk>  period (c. 1100–1500 AD), became a formal body of theoretical knowledge and was institutionalized in the universities.<unk>  medicine attributed illnesses, and disease, not to sinful behaviour, but to natural causes, and sin was connected to illness only in a more general sense of the view that disease manifested in humanity as a result of its fallen state from God.<unk>  medicine also recognized that illnesses spread from person to person, that certain lifestyles may cause ill health, and some people have a greater predisposition towards bad health than others.
Medieval medicine of Western Europe
Ancient Iranian medicine
Designer drug
Topological drugs
Hallucinogenic plants in Chinese herbals
Jewish medicine
Byzantine medicine
Animal products in pharmaceuticals