<unk>  is diverse type of anemia with both congenital and acquired underlying causative factors. The resulting anemia  varies in  severity. Ring sideroblasts in the bone marrow are the pathognomic feature of both congenital and acquired<unk> s. Ringed sideroblasts are the erythroblasts in bone marrow with iron loaded mitochondria and are visualized with prussian blue staining. The underlying cause for these iron deposits is defect in incorporation of iron in to heme resulting in accumulation of iron in mitochondria. The main acquired factors in etiology of<unk>  are alcohol and drugs, which responds well to removing the underlying agent and pyridoxine therapy. The common forms of congenital<unk> s are  X-linked<unk>  due to an ALAS2 mutation and the autosomal recessive pattern with mutations in SLC25A38 genes.  Overall, XLSA is a benign disorder and mostly responds to pyridoxine. The congenital autosomal recessive<unk>  due to SLC25A38 mutations is considered to be more severe. It does not respond to pyridoxine. The patients are usually of young age and stem cell transplantation is the only treatment of these patients.
Sideroblastic anemia
Familial erythrocytosis
Hereditary spherocytosis
Hereditary elliptocytosis
Aplastic anemia
Congenital hemolytic anemia
Thalassemia
Transient erythroblastopenia of childhood