A<unk>  (also called phlycten) is medical term for a small whitish bump or blister found on eye.  Characteristic nodular affection occurring as an allergic response of the conjunctival and corneal epithelium to some endogenous allergens to which they have become sensitized.  It is a collection of white blood cells (primarily polymorphonuclear leukocytes and lymphocytes) in response to staphylococcus or other bacteria. In underdeveloped regions Tuberculosis is the most common cause.
The condition may improve with proper hygiene. Medical treatment may consist of the use of artificial tears eye drops, vasoconstrictors (such as Tetrahydrozoline), or corticosteroid eyedrops.
1.Phlyctenular conjunctivitis presents in three forms-
A. Simple
Most common
Presence of pinkish white nodule surrounded by hyperemia on the bulbar conjunctiva, usually near the limbus.
Mostly presents as solitary nodule,sometimes more may be present.
In a few days, nodule ulcerates at apex, which later on gets epithelialised.
remaining of conjunctiva is normal.
Presence of very large phlycten with necrosis and ulceration.
Leads to severe pustular conjunctivitis.
C. Miliary
Multiple phlyctens arranged haphazardly or in the form of ring around limbus.
2. Lacrimation without discharge
3. May be associated with enlarged tonsils and cervical nodes
4.<unk> r keratitis:
Corneal involvement may present as:
1. Ulcerative PKC
A. Sacrofulous ulcer
B. Fascicular ulcer
C. Miliary ulcer
2. Diffuse infiltrative keratitis
Local-
Topical steroid-dexamethasone or betamethasone
Antibiotic drops and ointment
Atropine 1% eye ointment once daily if cornea is involved
Specific:
Tuberculosis should be excluded by Chest x-ray, mantoux test, ESR and if necessary full dose ATT should be given.
Septic focus in the form of tonsillitis, adenoiditis, teeth caries should be treated by antibiotics and necessary surgical interventions.
parasitic infestation should be ruled out and treated if necessary.
General-
High protein diet and Vit. A, C, and D supplementation
Phlyctenule
Kerosene
Lanolin
Amyloid
Stye
Cementum
Dermatophyllum
Diatomic molecule