Acute nongonococcal septic arthritis is a medical emergency which causes severe joint destruction and may increase both morbidity and mortality. So prompt diagnosis and treatment with antibiotic therapy and  prompt drainage which reduces long-term complications. Vancomycin is recommended as either empirical therapy for patients with Gram-positive cocci on a synovial fluid Gram stain or as a component of regimen for those with a negative Gram stain if methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is prevalent.  If Gram-negative bacilli are observed, an anti-pseudomonal Cephalosporin (e.g., Ceftazidime, Cefepime) should be administered.  Carbapenems should be considered in conditions such as colonization or infection by extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing pathogens.  The optimal duration of therapy for septic arthritis remains uncertain.  A minimum 3- to 4 week course is suggested for septic arthritis caused by S. aureus or Gram-negative bacteria.  The use of Corticosteroids or intraarticular antibiotics is not advisable.
Septic arthritis medical therapy
Reactive arthritis medical therapy
Psoriatic arthritis medical therapy
Bursitis medical therapy
Septic arthritis surgical management
Osteoarthritis medical therapy
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis medical therapy
Psoriatic arthritis surgical therapy