All implanted cardiac<unk> s can become infected which generally requires removal of the entire<unk>  (including pacing leads).
Nonvalvular cardiovascular device-related infections
Abrupt closure during coronary intervention
Heart transplantation associated arrhythmias
Cardiac resynchronization therapy complications
Postoperative atrial fibrillation
Atrial fibrillation acute myocardial infarction
Noncompaction cardiomyopathy thromboembolism
Patent foramen ovale post-surgical complications