When a layer having many lattice defects in which oxygen atoms lack is formed on {HEAD ~ a metal oxide crystal body} such as {TAIL ~ sapphire} in this manner, oxygen on the surface enters the lattice defects to try to create a stable state 
such as
When a layer having many lattice defects in which oxygen atoms lack is formed on { HEAD ~ a metal oxide crystal body } such as { TAIL ~ sapphire } in this manner , oxygen on the surface enters the lattice defects to try to create a stable state
OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH HEAD HEAD HEAD HEAD HEAD HEAD HEAD HEAD HEAD REL REL TAIL TAIL TAIL TAIL TAIL OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH