Still another object of the present invention is to expand operating conditions of the invented ion source for discharge voltages from about 20 V to over 1000 V, and for discharge currents from {TAIL ~ about 1 A} to over 20 A, so a total power applied to the invented ion source can be about 1.5–2 kW without {HEAD ~ a water} cooled anode, and substantially and over 10 kW with a water cooled anode 
Still another object of the present invention is to expand operating conditions of the invented ion source for discharge voltages from about 20 V to over 1000 V , and for discharge currents from { TAIL ~ about 1 A } to over 20 A , so a total power applied to the invented ion source can be about 1.5–2 kW without { HEAD ~ a water } cooled anode , and substantially and over 10 kW with a water cooled anode
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