Thus, the substrate 101 and {HEAD ~ the joining layer} 103 formed on {TAIL ~ its surface} are chemically bonded and joined to each other 
formed on
Thus , the substrate 101 and { HEAD ~ the joining layer } 103 formed on { TAIL ~ its surface } are chemically bonded and joined to each other
OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH HEAD HEAD HEAD HEAD HEAD HEAD HEAD OTH REL REL TAIL TAIL TAIL TAIL TAIL TAIL OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH