External hardware that connects to I/O devices such as sensors, {HEAD ~ motors}, monitors, machines, etc. can be connected to the invention via I/O boards that receives and transmit {TAIL ~ digital signals}, representing control information, to the bus 
External hardware that connects to I / O devices such as sensors , { HEAD ~ motors } , monitors , machines , etc . can be connected to the invention via I / O boards that receives and transmit { TAIL ~ digital signals } , representing control information , to the bus
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