The signature generation apparatus and the signature verification apparatus of the present invention has {HEAD ~ an effect} of preventing {TAIL ~ an occurrence} of norm zero vector forgery attack in the NTRUSign signature scheme and the like, and is applicable, for example, to a digital signature system and the like 
of preventing
The signature generation apparatus and the signature verification apparatus of the present invention has { HEAD ~ an effect } of preventing { TAIL ~ an occurrence } of norm zero vector forgery attack in the NTRUSign signature scheme and the like , and is applicable , for example , to a digital signature system and the like
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