With {HEAD ~ the aid} of an inlet pipe flow model, the variables inlet pipe pressure, air mass flow at the throttle valve and air mass flow into the cylinder are in this case specified from the degree to which {TAIL ~ the throttle valve} is open and the engine speed 
With { HEAD ~ the aid } of an inlet pipe flow model , the variables inlet pipe pressure , air mass flow at the throttle valve and air mass flow into the cylinder are in this case specified from the degree to which { TAIL ~ the throttle valve } is open and the engine speed
OTH HEAD HEAD HEAD HEAD HEAD HEAD OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH TAIL TAIL TAIL TAIL TAIL TAIL TAIL OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH