When a layer having {HEAD ~ many lattice defects} in which {TAIL ~ oxygen atoms} lack is formed on a metal oxide crystal body such as sapphire in this manner, oxygen on the surface enters the lattice defects to try to create a stable state 
When a layer having { HEAD ~ many lattice defects } in which { TAIL ~ oxygen atoms } lack is formed on a metal oxide crystal body such as sapphire in this manner , oxygen on the surface enters the lattice defects to try to create a stable state
OTH OTH OTH OTH HEAD HEAD HEAD HEAD HEAD HEAD HEAD OTH OTH TAIL TAIL TAIL TAIL TAIL TAIL OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH