A precursor for a nanostructure assembly, comprising: a conducting substrate; a catalyst layer; and a plurality of intermediate layers between the conducting substrate and the catalyst layer, {TAIL ~ the plurality} of intermediate layers including at least one layer to affect morphology of a nanostructure to be formed on {HEAD ~ the catalyst layer} and at least one layer to affect electrical properties of an interface between the support layer and the nanostructure 
A precursor for a nanostructure assembly , comprising : a conducting substrate ; a catalyst layer ; and a plurality of intermediate layers between the conducting substrate and the catalyst layer , { TAIL ~ the plurality } of intermediate layers including at least one layer to affect morphology of a nanostructure to be formed on { HEAD ~ the catalyst layer } and at least one layer to affect electrical properties of an interface between the support layer and the nanostructure
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