The optical element, includes a first voltage application electrode 13, a first opposing electrode 17 arranged in opposition to the first voltage application electrode 13, and {TAIL ~ a first phase} changing layer 15 arranged between the first voltage application electrode 13 and {HEAD ~ the first opposing electrode} 17 
The optical element , includes a first voltage application electrode 13 , a first opposing electrode 17 arranged in opposition to the first voltage application electrode 13 , and { TAIL ~ a first phase } changing layer 15 arranged between the first voltage application electrode 13 and { HEAD ~ the first opposing electrode } 17
OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH TAIL TAIL TAIL TAIL TAIL TAIL TAIL OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH HEAD HEAD HEAD HEAD HEAD HEAD HEAD HEAD OTH