To achieve efficient signal generation, the invention can exploit {HEAD ~ either the intrinsic optical properties} of {TAIL ~ the microcolonies} or various externally applied labeling reagents 
of
To achieve efficient signal generation , the invention can exploit { HEAD ~ either the intrinsic optical properties } of { TAIL ~ the microcolonies } or various externally applied labeling reagents
OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH HEAD HEAD HEAD HEAD HEAD HEAD HEAD HEAD HEAD REL TAIL TAIL TAIL TAIL TAIL TAIL OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH